Polymerizable liquid crystal materials and polymerized liquid crystal films

Abstract

The present invention provides polymerizable liquid crystal materials and polymerized liquid crystal films. [Solution] A polymerizable LC material is provided that contains one or more reactive mesogenic compounds, one or more chiral compounds, and one or more compounds of formula I. TIFF2026090444000094.tif65166 Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the polymerizable LC material, a polymer film having improved thermal and UV stability that can be obtained from the corresponding polymerizable LC material, and a method for preparing the same.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a polymerizable LC material comprising one or more reactive mesogenic compounds, one or more chiral compounds, and one or more compounds of formula I.

[0002] [ka]

[0003] In the formula, each group has one of the meanings as given in the claim. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such polymer films having improved thermal and UV stability which can be obtained from a corresponding polymerizable LC material, a method for preparing such polymer films, and the use of such polymer films and the polymerizable LC material in optical, electro-optical, decorative or security devices. [Background technology]

[0004] Reactive mesogens (RM), mixtures or formulations containing them, and polymers obtained therefrom can be used to create optical components such as compensation, retardation, or polarizing films or lenses. These optical components can be used in optical or electro-optical devices such as LC displays. Typically, RM or RM mixtures are polymerized through an in-situ polymerization process.

[0005] The manufacture of RM film products with high birefringence is highly important in the production of optical components for modern display devices such as LCDs. For example, brightness-enhancing films such as 3M's DBEF™ are often fitted to displays to increase brightness or reduce the number of light sources in the backlight unit. Broadband cholesteric films can also be used for this purpose, and their optical properties depend on the broadbanding that can be achieved during processing. Films that can achieve better broadbanding can be processed faster on the production line and may also have improved optical properties.

[0006] In this regard, it is possible to polymerize a cholesteric reactive mesogenic film such that a gradient is obtained in the helical pitch, thereby broadening the reflective band of the film. This thin film with good optical properties depends on containing at least one suitable high birefringence mesogenic compound (RM).

[0007] The broadening of cholesteric films is determined by the structure of the high-birefringence material in the reactive mesogen mixture. The compound must be high-birefringence, causing broadening, while also possessing good solubility and a broad nematic range, preferably without a high melting point. High-birefringence reactive mesogens prepared to date with these properties broaden a certain amount of cholesteric film before the film becomes cloudy.

[0008] While it is possible to increase the birefringence of RM while maintaining good physical properties and polymerizability, this requires incorporating specific chemical groups, such as torlane groups, into the compound.

[0009] Mesogentran derivatives are known from, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,514,578 (Patent Document 1), British Patent No. 2,388,599 (Patent Document 2), U.S. Patent No. 7,597,942 (Patent Document 3), U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 072893 (Patent Document 4), and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0119783 (Patent Document 5).

[0010] Generally, tran groups are relatively reactive and many are unsuitable for light irradiation, and yellowing or other degradation effects make them difficult to use in many optical applications. Furthermore, mesogenic tran derivatives often exhibit limited solubility in RM mixtures, thus limiting their use.

[0011] Furthermore, when cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) materials are formed in a planar oriented thin layer, i.e., when the cholesteric helical axis is oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layer, they exhibit the well-known effect of selective reflection of light, where the wavelength of the reflected light depends on the pitch of the cholesteric helical. By using polymerizable CLC materials, an oriented CLC layer can be converted into an interferometric polymer film that retains the selective reflection properties of the original material.

[0012] CLC polymer films are known from prior art and have been proposed for various uses, for example, as broadband or notch polarizers, as color filters for displays or projection systems, and for decorative and security purposes such as the preparation of colored image films or cholesteric pigment flakes.

[0013] Depending on the application, it is desirable to form a multilayer cholesteric film that includes, for example, two or more cholesteric layers exhibiting different reflection wavelengths.

[0014] Multilayer cholesteric polymer films are described in the prior art, such as in U.S. Patent No. 6,417,902 (Patent Document 6). Furthermore, European Patent No. 0634674 (Patent Document 7) suggests preparing a multilayer cholesteric liquid crystal polymer film by combining a pair of chiral nematic liquid crystal polymer films, applying pressure, and heating the polymer above its glass transition temperature to bond the films together.

[0015] Maurer et al., SID 90 Digest, Vol. 21, p. 110 (1990) (Non-Patent Literature 1), describes a polarizing color filter obtained by combining multiple polarizing films having different reflection wavelengths. For the preparation of each film, layers of CLC side-chain polysiloxane containing chiral and achiral side-chain groups are placed between two glass plates and oriented by shearing at high temperature.

[0016] Japanese Patent Publication No. 01-133003 (Patent Document 8) (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 08-271731 (Patent Document 9) (Nitto Denko Corporation) disclose polarizing plates obtained by laminating one or more CLC polymer layers onto a quarter-wave plate.

[0017] However, the method for producing multilayer cholesteric films as described in the above-mentioned literature has several drawbacks. Therefore, achieving uniform orientation in the CLC polymer layer is often very difficult and requires high temperatures. For example, Maurer et al. mention an orientation temperature of 150°C, while Japanese Patent Publication No. 01-133003 (Patent Document 8) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 08-271731 (Patent Document 9) state that a temperature considerably higher than the glass temperature of the CLC polymer is required. This is particularly disadvantageous when using polymers with high glass temperatures, such as acrylates, styrenes, or methacrylates, and is especially unsuitable for mass production.

[0018] Furthermore, according to the multilayer preparation method described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 01-133003 (Patent Document 8), polymers must be selected so that different polymer layers exhibit different glass temperatures. Therefore, for example, when laminating a second layer on top of a first layer and oriented them, the orientation temperature (and thus the glass temperature) of the second layer must be lower than that of the first layer in order to avoid affecting the uniform orientation of the first layer. This severely limits the selection of appropriate materials and makes the manufacturing process more complex.

[0019] Another aspect requires polymerizable LC materials containing leveling agents, such as surfactants, to achieve good orientation of the resulting CLC polymer. Typically, without the use of surfactants in the formulation, increased haze, poor orientation of helices in the CLC polymer, and heterogeneous thickness across the film may be observed. On the other hand, the leveling agents typically used in such formulations can make it difficult to achieve good alignment and coating quality in the second coating of the CLC material required for multilayer applications.

[0020] In this context, dewetting is defined as the rupture of a thin liquid film on the substrate, leading to the formation of droplets. This can result in uneven thickness of the second CLC material during drying in the case of multilayer coating. In some cases, the film may recede from the edges, and in the worst case, the second coat layer may become extremely beady, resulting in zero coated area. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0021] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 6,514,578 [Patent Document 2] British Patent No. 2 388 599 [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent No. 7,597,942 [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 072893 Specification [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0119783 [Patent Document 6] U.S. Patent No. 6,417,902 [Patent Document 7] European Patent No. 0634674 [Patent Document 8] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 01-133003 [Patent Document 9] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 08-271731 [Non-patent literature]

[0022] [Non-Patent Document 1] Maurer et al., SID 90 Digest, Vol. 21, p. 110 (1990) [Disclosure of the Invention] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0023] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide improved polymerizable LC materials or RM mixtures and RM formulations that do not have the drawbacks of materials known from the prior art. In particular, the object is to provide RM mixtures and RM formulations that are suitable for the preparation of polymers by in-situ UV photopolymerization, and that simultaneously exhibit high birefringence, good solubility, improved potential broadband properties, a favorable transition temperature, and high resistance to yellowing after exposure to UV light. Another object is to provide improved multilayer stacks that do not have the drawbacks of materials known from the prior art. Other objects of the present invention will be immediately apparent to experts from the following description.

[0024] Surprisingly, the inventors of the present invention have found that the polymerizable LC material according to claim 1 satisfies one or more of the requirements defined above, preferably achieving all objectives simultaneously. [Means for solving the problem]

[0025] In short, the present invention relates to a polymerizable LC material comprising one or more reactive mesogenic compounds, one or more chiral compounds, and one or more compounds of formula I.

[0026] [ka]

[0027] During the ceremony, R 1 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group (preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) or an aryl group, but at least 80% of the group R 1 It is a methyl group, R 2 They are, each independently of the other. (a) [ka] During the ceremony, R 3 Each of these independently represents either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. R 4each independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl or carboxyl group, c represents an integer from 1 to 20, d represents an integer from 1 to 50, e is a number from 0 to 50, or (b) [Chemical formula] In the formula, R 5 each independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl or carboxyl group or a dimethylpropane group optionally containing an ether group, f represents an integer from 2 to 20, or (c) [Chemical formula] In the formula, R 6 is a hydrogen, alkyl or carboxyl group, g represents a number from 2 to 6, h is a number from 0 to 20, i is a number from 1 to 50, j is a number from 0 to 10, k is a number from 0 to 10, represents, or (d) The group R 1 corresponds to, provided that in the average molecule, at least one group R 2 has definition (a), where a is a number from 1 to 500, preferably from 1 to 200, particularly from 1 to 50, b is a number from 0 to 10, preferably less than 5, particularly 0.

[0028] The siloxane backbone may be linear (b = 0) or, if not, branched (greater than 0 to 10). Since the polysiloxane for use according to the present invention is generally in the form of an equilibrated mixture, the value of b and also the value of a are understood as average values in the polymer molecule.

[0029] Those skilled in the art are well aware that, due to their polymerizability, compounds are essentially mixtures with distributions governed by statistical laws. Therefore, all exponential values ​​represent the mean.

[0030] The present invention also relates to a corresponding method for producing polymerizable LC materials, comprising at least the step of mixing one or more reactive mesogenic compounds, one or more chiral compounds, and one or more compounds of formula I.

[0031] The present invention further relates to polymer networks or polymer films that can or preferably be obtained from polymerizable LC materials as described above and below, and to methods for producing polymer films as described above and below.

[0032] The present invention further relates to a method for improving the dewetting behavior of polymer films that can be obtained from polymerizable LC materials as described above and below, or preferably obtained, by adding a compound of formula I to the polymerizable LC material before polymerization.

[0033] The present invention further relates to an optical component comprising one or more optical films, wherein one of the optical films is selected from polymer films that can be obtained from polymerizable LC materials as described above and below.

[0034] The present invention further relates to the use of optical components or polymer films or polymerizable LC materials as described above and below in optical, electro-optical, information storage, decorative and security applications such as liquid crystal displays, projection systems, polarizers, compensators, alignment layers, circular polarizers, color filters, decorative images, liquid crystal pigments, reflective films with spatially varying reflective colors, multicolor images, and non-counterfeitable documents such as IDs, credit cards, or banknotes.

[0035] The present invention further relates to an electro-optical device such as an LCD or OLED comprising one or more optical components or polymer films or polymerizable LC materials as described above and below.

[0036] The present invention further relates to electro-optical devices in the field of augmented reality, such as head-mount devices, including one or more optical components and polymer films of polymerizable materials, as described above and below. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0037] <Terms and Definitions>

[0038] As used herein, the term “polymer” is understood to mean a molecule that contains a backbone of one or more different types of repeating units (the smallest constituent units of a molecule), and includes well-known terms such as “oligomer,” “copolymer,” and “homopolymer.” Furthermore, the term polymer is understood to include not only the polymer itself, but also residues from initiators, catalysts, and other elements associated with the synthesis of such polymer, where such residues are understood not to be covalently incorporated therein. Moreover, such residues and other elements are usually removed in post-polymerization purification processes, but are typically mixed or contaminated with the polymer and generally remain with the polymer when they move between containers or between solvents or dispersion media.

[0039] As used in this invention, the term "(meth)acrylic polymer" includes polymers obtained from acrylic monomers, polymers obtained from methacrylic monomers, and corresponding copolymers obtained from mixtures of such monomers.

[0040] The term "polymerization" refers to the chemical process of forming a polymer by bonding together multiple polymerizable groups or polymer precursors (polymerizable compounds) that contain such polymerizable groups.

[0041] The terms “film” and “layer” include rigid or flexible self-supporting or freestanding films with mechanical stability, as well as coatings or layers on or between a support substrate.

[0042] The term "liquid crystal" or "LC (liquid crystal)" refers to materials that have a liquid crystalline intermediate phase within a certain temperature range (thermotropic LC) or a certain concentration range in solution (lyotropic LC). These materials always contain a mesogenic compound.

[0043] The terms "mesogenic compound" and "liquid crystal compound" refer to compounds containing one or more calamistic (rod or board / lath-shaped) or discotic (disc-shaped) mesogenic groups. The term "mesogenic group" refers to a group capable of inducing the behavior of a liquid crystal phase (or intermediate phase). Compounds containing mesogenic groups do not necessarily have to exhibit a liquid crystal intermediate phase on their own. They may exhibit a liquid crystal intermediate phase only in mixtures with other compounds, or when a mesogenic compound or material, or a mixture thereof, polymerizes. This includes low-molecular-weight, non-reactive liquid crystal compounds, reactive or polymerizable liquid crystal compounds, and liquid crystal polymers.

[0044] A calamistic mesogenic group typically comprises a mesogenic core consisting of one or more aromatic or non-aromatic cyclic groups bonded to each other directly or via linking groups, optionally including terminal groups bonded to the ends of the mesogenic core, and optionally including one or more side groups bonded to the long chain of the mesogenic core, where these terminal and side groups are typically selected from, for example, carbyl groups, hydrocarbyl groups, polar groups such as halogen groups, nitro groups, hydroxyl groups, etc., or polymerizable groups.

[0045] The term "reactive mesogen" refers to a polymerizable mesogen or liquid crystal compound, preferably a monomer compound. These compounds can be used as pure compounds or as mixtures of a reactive mesogen with other compounds that function as photoinitiators, inhibitors, surfactants, stabilizers, chain transfer agents, nonpolymerizable compounds, etc.

[0046] Furthermore, polymerizable compounds with one polymerizable group are also called "monoreactive" compounds, compounds with two polymerizable groups are called "direactive" compounds, and compounds with three or more polymerizable groups are called "polyreactive" compounds. Compounds that do not have polymerizable groups are also called "nonreactive" compounds.

[0047] The term "non-mesogenic compound or material" refers to a compound or material that does not contain mesogenic groups as defined above.

[0048] Visible light is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from approximately 400 nm to 740 nm. Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from approximately 200 nm to 450 nm.

[0049] Irradiance (E e Radiation power is defined as the output (dθ) of electromagnetic waves per unit area (dA) incident on a surface: E e = dθ / dA.

[0050] Radiation exposure dose or radiation dose (H e ) is the irradiance or radiation output (E) per hour (t). e ) is defined as: H e =E e ·t.

[0051] For example, all temperatures, such as the melting point T(C,N) or T(C,S) of a liquid crystal, the transition T(S,N) from the smectic (S) phase to the nematic (N) phase, and its transparency point T(N,I), are expressed in degrees Celsius. All temperature differences are expressed as differences in degrees Celsius.

[0052] The term "transparency point" refers to the temperature at which a transition occurs between the intermediate phase and the isotropic phase in the highest temperature range.

[0053] The term "director" is known in the prior art and refers to the favorable orientation direction of the long molecular axis (in the case of calamistic compounds) or short molecular axis (in the case of discotic compounds) of liquid crystal or RM molecules. When such anisotropic molecules are arranged uniaxially, the director is the anisotropic axis.

[0054] The term "alignment" or "orientation" refers to the orientation (orientational order) of anisotropic units of a material, such as fragments of small and macromolecules, in a common direction called the "orientation direction." In the orientation layer of a liquid crystal or RM material, the liquid crystal director coincides with the orientation direction so that the orientation direction corresponds to the direction of the anisotropy axis of the material.

[0055] For example, the terms "uniform orientation" or "uniform alignment" of liquid crystal or RM materials in a material layer mean that the long molecular axes (in the case of calamic compounds) or short molecular axes (in the case of discotic compounds) of the liquid crystal or RM molecules are oriented in substantially the same direction. In other words, the liquid crystal director lines are parallel.

[0056] The terms "homeotropic structure" or "homeotropic orientation" refer to a film in which the optical axis is substantially perpendicular to the film plane.

[0057] The terms "planar structure" or "planar orientation" refer to a film in which the optical axis is substantially parallel to the film plane.

[0058] The term "A-plate" refers to an optical phase difference plate that utilizes a layer of uniaxial birefringent material in which its anomalous axis is oriented parallel to the plane of the layer.

[0059] The term "C-plate" refers to an optical phase difference plate that utilizes a layer of uniaxial birefringent material in which its anomalous axis is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the layer.

[0060] In an A / C plate containing a uniformly oriented optically uniaxial birefringent liquid crystal material, the optical axis of the film is given by the direction of the anomalous axis. An A (or C) plate containing a positively birefringent optically uniaxial birefringent material is also called a "positive A (or C) plate" or "+A (or +C) plate".

[0061] A (or C) plates containing films of optically uniaxial birefringent materials with negative birefringence, such as discotic anisotropic materials, are also called "negative A (or C) plates" or "-A (or C) plates" depending on the orientation of the discotic material. Films made of cholesteric calamistic materials that have a reflection band in the UV portion of the spectrum also have the optics of a negative C plate.

[0062] The birefringence Δn is defined as follows: Δn = n e -n o , In the formula, ne is the anomalous refractive index, no is the ordinary refractive index, and n is the effective average refractive index. av. It is given by the following equation: n av. =((2n o 2 +n e 2 ) / 3) 1 / 2 .

[0063] Average refractive index n av. and the normal refractive index n o This can be measured using an Abbe refractometer. Δn can be calculated from the above formula.

[0064] Unless otherwise clearly indicated by the context, the plural form of a term used herein should be interpreted as including the singular form, and vice versa, as used herein.

[0065] All physical properties were determined according to "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals," published November 1997, Merck, Germany, and are given at a temperature of 20°C unless otherwise explicitly stated. Optical anisotropy (Δn) is determined at a wavelength of 589.3 nm.

[0066] In case of doubt, the definition set forth in C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, and S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, Vol. 116, pp. 6340–6368 shall be followed.

[0067] Unless otherwise specified in the given general formula, the following terms have the following meanings:

[0068] A "carbyl group" refers to a monovalent or polyvalent organic group having at least one carbon atom, which may contain no further atoms (e.g., -C≡C-) or optionally contain one or more further atoms, such as N, O, S, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge (e.g., carbonyl). A "hydrocarbyl group" means a carbyl group further containing one or more H atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms, such as N, O, S, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge.

[0069] Calville or hydrocarbyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated groups include, for example, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups. Calville or hydrocarbyl groups having more than three carbon atoms may be linear, branched, and / or cyclic, and may contain spirobonds or fused rings.

[0070] Preferred carbyl and hydrocarbyl groups are optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 25, and particularly preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms; optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy groups having 6 to 40, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms; or optionally substituted alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryloxy, arylalkyloxy, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy and aryloxycarbonyloxy groups having 6 to 40, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms. Even more preferred carbyl and hydrocarbyl groups are C1-C 40 Alkyl, C2~C 40 Alkenyl, C2~C 40 Alkinyl, C3~C 40 Allyl, C4~C 40 Alkyldienyl, C4~C 40 Polyenyl, C6~C 40 Aryl, C6~C 40 Alkylaryl, C6~C 40 Arylalkyl, C6~C 40 Alkylaryloxy, C6~C 40 Arylalkyloxy, C2~C 40 Heteroaryl, C4~C 40 Cycloalkyl, C4~C 40 These include cycloalkenyls, in particular C1-C 22 Alkyl, C2~C 22 Alkenyl, C2~C 22 Alkinyl, C3~C 22 Allyl, C4~C 22 Alkyldienyl, C6~C 12 Aryl, C6~C 20 Arylalkyl and C2-C 20 Heteroaryls are preferred.

[0071] A more preferred carbyl and hydrocarbyl group is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 25, more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein the group is unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, and one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently bonded to each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, such as -C(R x )=C(R x )-, -C≡C-, -N(R x )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- may be used as substitutes.

[0072] In the above, R x Preferably, represents H, a halogen, and a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl chain having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, where one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by fluorine, an optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

[0073] Preferred alkyl groups include, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, dodecanyl, trifluoromethyl, perfluoron-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluorooctyl, perfluorohexyl, etc., provided that in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently of each other. [ka] It can be replaced with this.

[0074] Preferred alkenyl groups include, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, and cyclooctenyl.

[0075] Preferred alkynyl groups include, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, and octinyl.

[0076] Preferred alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptyloxy, n-octyloxy, n-nonyloxy, n-decyloxy, n-undecyloxy, n-dodecyloxy, etc., provided that in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently of each other. [ka] It can be replaced with this.

[0077] Preferred amino groups include, for example, dimethylamino, methylamino, methylphenylamino, and phenylamino.

[0078] The aryl and heteroaryl groups may be monocyclic or polycyclic, meaning they may have one ring (e.g., phenyl) or two or more rings, which may be condensed (e.g., naphthyl) or covalently bonded (e.g., biphenyl), or may include a combination of a condensed ring and a linking ring. The heteroaryl group preferably contains one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, and Se.

[0079] In particular, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic aryl groups having 6 to 25 carbon atoms and monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic heteroaryl groups having 2 to 25 carbon atoms are preferred, and these groups optionally include fused rings and are optionally substituted. Furthermore, 5-membered, 6-membered, or 7-membered aryl groups and heteroaryl groups are preferred, where one or more CH groups may be replaced by N, S, or O such that the O atoms and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other.

[0080] Preferred aryl groups include, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, [1,1':3',1”]terphenyl-2'-yl, naphthyl, anthracene, binaphthyl, phenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, perylene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, fluorene, indene, indenofluorene, spirobifluorene, and the like.

[0081] Preferred heteroaryl groups include, for example, five-membered rings such as pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, furan, thiophene, selenofen, oxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, and 1,2,4-oxadiazole. , 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 6-membered rings, e.g., pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,3-triazine, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, or condensation groups, e.g., indole, isoindole, indidine, indazole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, purine, naphthoimidazole, phenantrimidazole, pyridoimidazole, pyrazineimidazole, quinoxalineimidazole, benzoxazole, naphth These are oxazoles, anthroxazoles, phenantroxazoles, isoxazoles, benzothiazoles, benzofurans, isobenzofurans, dibenzofurans, quinolines, isoquinolines, pteridines, benzo-5,6-quinolines, benzo-6,7-quinolines, benzo-7,8-quinolines, benzoisoquinolines, acridines, phenothiazines, phenoxazines, benzopyridazines, benzopyrimidines, quinoxalines, phenazines, naphthyridines, azacarbazoles, benzocarbolins, phenanthridines, phenanthrolines, thieno[2,3b]thiophenes, thieno[3,2b]thiophenes, dithienothiophenes, isobenzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, benzothiadiazothiophenes, or combinations thereof. The heteroaryl group may be substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, fluorine, fluoroalkyl, or further aryl or heteroaryl groups.

[0082] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include both saturated rings, i.e., those containing only single bonds, and partially unsaturated rings, i.e., those that may contain multiple bonds. Heterocyclic rings preferably contain one or more heteroatoms selected from Si, O, N, S, and Se.

[0083] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups may be monocyclic, i.e., containing only one ring (e.g., cyclohexane), or polycyclic, i.e., containing multiple rings (e.g., decahydronaphthalene or bicyclooctane). Saturated groups are particularly preferred. Furthermore, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic groups having 3 to 25 carbon atoms are preferred, which may optionally contain fused rings and may optionally be substituted. Furthermore, 5-membered, 6-membered, 7-membered, or 8-membered carbocyclic groups are preferred, where one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by Si, and / or one or more CH groups may be replaced by N, and / or one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O- and / or -S-.

[0084] Preferred alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include, for example, five-membered ring groups such as cyclopentane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiofuran, and pyrrolidine; six-membered ring groups such as cyclohexane, silinane, cyclohexene, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrothiopyran, 1,3-dioxane, 1,3-dithiane, and piperidine; seven-membered ring groups such as cycloheptane; and condensation groups such as tetrahydronaphthalene, decahydronaphthalene, indane, bicyclo[1.1.1]-pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, and octahydro-4,7-methanoindan-2,5-diyl.

[0085] The aryl, heteroaryl, (non-aromatic)alicyclic, and heterocyclic groups optionally have one or more substituents, which are preferably silyl, sulfo, sulfonyl, formyl, amine, imine, nitrile, mercapto, nitro, halogen, or C1-C 12 Alkyl, C6~C 12 Aryl, C1~C 12 The group is selected from those comprising alkoxy, hydroxyl, or combinations thereof.

[0086] Preferred substituents include, for example, dissolution-promoting groups such as alkyl or alkoxy groups, electron-withdrawing groups such as fluorine, nitro or nitrile groups, or substituents that increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer, particularly bulky groups such as t-butyl or optionally substituted aryl groups.

[0087] The preferred substituents, also referred to as "L" below, include, for example, F, Cl, Br, I, -OH, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R) x )2, -C(=O)Y x -C(=O)R x , -C(=O)OR x , -N(R x )2, and here, R x The above has the meaning, and the above Y x This represents halogens, optionally substituted silyls, optionally substituted aryls or heteroaryls having 4 to 40, preferably 4 to 20 ring atoms, and linear or branched alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, alkoxys, alkylcarbonyls, alkoxycarbonyls, alkylcarbonyloxys, or alkoxycarbonyloxys having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, where one or more H atoms may optionally be replaced by F or Cl.

[0088] "Substituting silyl or aryl" is preferably a halogen, -CN, or R y , -OR y ,-CO-R y , -CO-OR y ,-O-CO-R y or -O-CO-OR y (In the formula, R y This means that it is substituted with H (which represents a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl chain having 1 to 12 carbon atoms).

[0089] In the equations shown above and below, the substituted phenylene ring [ka] In the formula, L is the same or different and has one of the meanings shown above and below, and is preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, and most preferably F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF3.

[0090] "Halogen" represents F, Cl, Br, or I, preferably F or Cl, more preferably F.

[0091] The "polymerizable group" (P) is preferably selected from groups containing a C=C double bond or a C≡C triple bond, and groups suitable for polymerization involving ring opening, such as oxetane or epoxide groups.

[0092] Preferably, the polymerizable group (P) is CH2=CW 1 -COO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-, [ka] CH2=CW 2 -(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH3-CH=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2- Selected from the group consisting of Phe-CH=CH-, During the ceremony, W 1 This represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, a phenyl or alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, especially H, F, Cl or CH3. W 2 This represents H or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl. W 3 and W 4 Each of these independently represents H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups L as defined above, but is different from P-Sp, and preferably, preferred substituents L are F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5, and also phenyl. k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent either 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 is an integer between 1 and 10.

[0093] Particularly preferred groups P are CH2=CH-COO-, CH2=C(CH3)-COO-, CH2=CF-COO-, CH2=CH-, CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, [ka] And in the formula W 2 This represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 5 carbon atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl.

[0094] Further preferred groups (P) are vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide, most preferably acrylate or methacrylate, and particularly acrylate.

[0095] Preferably, all polyreactive polymerizable compounds and their sub-formulae contain one or more groups P-S Instead of p, it contains one or more branched-chain groups containing two or more polymerizable groups P (polyreactive polymerizable groups).

[0096] Suitable groups of this type, and polymerizable compounds containing them, are described, for example, in US Patent No. 7,060,200 or US Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0172090.

[0097] In particular, the following formulae:

Chemical formula

[0098] The preferred spacer group Sp is selected from alkylene having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the group may be mono- or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I or CN, provided that in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are such that O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other, -O-, -S-, -NH-, -NR xx -, -SiR xx R yy -, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -NR xx -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR 0xx -, -NR xx -CO-NR yy -, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, each of which may be independently replaced by each other, and provided that R xx and R yy each independently represents H or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0099] A more preferred spacer group Sp is selected from the formula Sp’-X’, such that the group “P-Sp-” matches the formula “P-Sp’-X’”, wherein Sp’ represents alkylene having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is optionally mono- or polysubstituted by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, where, furthermore, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each, independently of each other, such that O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, -O-, -S-, -NH-, -NR xx -, -SiR xx R yy -, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -NR xx -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR 0xx -, -NR xx -CO-NR yy -, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- may be replaced, X’ is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR xx -, -NR xx -CO-, -NRxx -CO-NR yy -, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR xx -, -CY xx =CY xx - represents -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, or a single bond. R xx and R yy Each of these independently represents either H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and Y xx and Y yy Each of these elements independently represents either H, F, Cl, or CN.

[0100] X' is typically -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR xx -, -NR xx -CO-, -NR xx -CO-NR yy -or it is a single bond.

[0101] A typical spacer group Sp' is, for example, -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2CH2O) q1 -, -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR xx R yy -O) p1 -where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, and R xx and R yy The above terms are used.

[0102] A particularly preferred group is the -X'-Sp'- group, which is -(CH2) p1 -, -O-(CH2) p1 -, -OCO-(CH2) p1 -, -OCOO-(CH2) p1- where p1 is an integer between 1 and 12.

[0103] Particularly preferred groups Sp and / or Sp' are, for example, linear ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, etenylene, propenylene, and butenylene.

[0104] The term "chiral" is generally used to describe objects that cannot be superimposed onto their mirror image.

[0105] An "achiral (non-chiral)" object is an object that is identical to its mirror image.

[0106] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "chiral nematic" and "cholesteric" are used synonymously in this application.

[0107] Chiral nematic textures, or cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), exhibit selective reflection of circularly polarized light, where the direction of rotation of the light vector corresponds to the direction of rotation of the cholesteric helix.

[0108] The reflection wavelength λ is given by the following equation, where p is the pitch of the cholesteric helix and n is the average birefringence of the cholesteric liquid crystal.

[0109]

number

[0110] CLC media can be prepared, for example, by doping a nematic LC medium with a chiral dopant having a high twisting force. The pitch p of the induced cholesteric helix is ​​then given by the chiral dopant concentration c and the helical twisting force HTP according to the following formula.

[0111]

number

[0112] Furthermore, it is possible to use two or more dopants to compensate for the temperature dependence of the HTP of individual dopants and to achieve low temperature dependence of the helical pitch and the reflection wavelength of the CLC medium. total For ), the following equation holds approximately:

[0113]

number

[0114] c in the formula i These represent the concentrations of individual dopants, and HTP i These represent the spiral twist force of each individual Dopant.

[0115] In the case of the present invention, [ka] This represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, [ka] This represents 1,4-phenylene.

[0116] In the present invention, the group -COO- or -CO2- is the formula [ka] The ester group is represented by -OCO-, -O2C-, or -OOC- in formula [ka] It represents the ester group.

[0117] A "polymer network" is a network in which all polymer chains are interconnected by numerous crosslinks, forming a single macroscopic entity.

[0118] Polymer networks occur in the following types:

[0119] Graft polymer molecules are polymer molecules in which one or more side chains are branched and structurally or spatially different from the main chain.

[0120] • Star polymer molecules are branched polymer molecules from which multiple linear chains or arms arise from a single branching point. If the arms are identical, the star polymer molecule is said to be regular. If adjacent arms consist of different repeating subunits, the star polymer molecule is said to be diverse.

[0121] • Comb-shaped polymer molecules consist of a main chain with two or more triplicate branching points and linear side chains. Comb-shaped polymer molecules are said to be regular when the main chains are identical.

[0122] • Brush polymer molecules consist of a main chain and linear, unbranched side chains, with one or more branching points having functional groups in four or more directions.

[0123] Throughout this description and the claims, the terms “including” and “containing” and their variations, such as “comprising” and “comprises,” mean “including, but not limited to,” and are not intended to exclude other elements. On the other hand, the term “comprise” also includes, but is not limited to, the term “consisting of.”

[0124] Throughout this description and the claims, the terms “possible to obtain” and “obtainable” and their variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to, these” and are not intended to exclude (or not exclude) other elements. On the other hand, the term “possible to obtain” also includes, but is not limited to, the term “obtainable.”

[0125] All concentrations are expressed in weight percentage, and for each whole mixture, all temperatures are expressed in degrees Celsius (°C), and all temperature differences are expressed in degrees Celsius.

[0126] <Detailed explanation>

[0127] The LC polymerizable material according to the present invention, which contains a compound of formula I having the following group, is preferred.

[0128] R 1 R preferably represents an alkyl or aryl group such as a methyl, ethyl, propyl, or butyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in which case a phenyl group is preferred. A methyl group is preferred for reasons of preparation and cost, and therefore at least 80% of the group R 1 It is a methyl group. Group R 1 Polysiloxanes in which all of the groups are methyl groups are particularly preferred.

[0129] R in molecules 2 These may be the same or different, provided that in the average molecule, at least one group R 2 It is provided that it has definition (a).

[0130] Preferred base R 2 This will be explained in detail below.

[0131] In base (a) [ka] That is the case.

[0132] R 3preferably represents hydrogen or an alkyl group, particularly a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Hydrogen is preferred.

[0133] Preferably, R 4 represents hydrogen, an alkyl or a carboxyl group, particularly an acyl group. In certain embodiments, R 4 is hydrogen.

[0134] The exponent c is a number from 1 to 20, preferably 1.

[0135] The exponents d and e are independently integers from 0 to 50.

[0136] R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen, the exponent c is 1, and the exponents d and e are independently from 0 to 10 for group (a) are preferred.

[0137] The addition reaction of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide to alcohols is known to produce mixtures of compounds with different chain lengths, so these exponents are average numbers as recognized by those skilled in the art.

[0138] In the group (b)-(CH2-) f OR 5 preferably, R 5 is hydrogen, an alkyl or carboxyl group or a dimethylolpropane group with or without an ether group. More preferably, R 5 is a hydrogen group or a dimethylolpropane derivative. The exponent f is an integer from 2 to 20, and the values from 3 to 6 are preferred.

[0139] In the group (c)-(CH2-) g (OC2H4-) h (OC3H6-) i (OC4H8) j (OCH2CH(C6H5)) k In OR6, R 6 is preferably hydrogen, an alkyl or a carboxyl group. More preferably, R6 is a hydrogen or methyl group. Preferably, the exponent g is a number from 2 to 6, the exponent h is a number from 0 to 20, the exponent i is a number from 1 to 50, the exponent j is a number from 0 to 10, and the exponent k is a number from 0 to 10.

[0140] Preferably, the exponent g has a value of 3, the exponent h has a value from 0 to 12, the exponent i has a value from 8 to 30, and the exponents j and k are preferably less than 5, particularly 0.

[0141] Alternatively, the (d) group R 2 may correspond to the group R 1 and in that case, a methyl group is again particularly preferred.

[0142] By including the compound of formula I in the polymeric LC material, an oriented CLC phase can be easily formed without visible haze, and on the other hand, another layer can be coated on top, providing good orientation without the need for a second alignment layer.

[0143] Also, selecting this type of compound has no problems regarding the dewetting of the upper layer in the layer stack that are common when using surfactant additives.

[0144] The concentration of the compounds of formula I and its sub-formulas in the polymeric LC material is preferably from 0.01% to 1%, more preferably from 0.03% to 0.5%, particularly from 0.05% to 0.1%.

[0145] The compound of formula I can advantageously preferably be prepared according to the disclosure given in U.S. Patent No. 6,858,663 or is commercially available as Tego® Twin4000.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric LC material contains one or more reactive mesogens selected from RMT.

[0147]

Chemical formula

[0148] P is a polymerizable group, Sp is a spacer group or a single bond. r2 and r3 are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. R 11 The group is an alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having P-Sp-, preferably 1 to 15 C atoms, and more preferably the group may be fluorinated. Rings A and B, if multiple rings appear, independently represent aromatic or alicyclic groups (which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L), preferably 1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, bicyclooctylene, or 1,4-cyclohexylene, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with O and / or S, and these groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four L groups. L is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR x R y , -C(=O)OR x -C(=O)R x , -NR x R y A linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having -OH, -SF5 or 1 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl, preferably F, -CN or a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 6 C atoms. R xand R y Each of these represents an alkyl group having either H or 1 to 12 C atoms independently of each other. Z 11 and Z 12 When multiple occurrences occur, they are treated independently as -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 00 -, -NR 00 -CO-, -NR 00 -CO-NR 000 -, -NR 00 -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR 00 -, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 00 -, -CY 1 =CY 2 -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH- or single bond, preferably -COO-, -OCO-, -C≡C- or single bond, Y 1 and Y 2 Each of these independently represents H, F, Cl, or CN. n is 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 1 or 2, most preferably 1. m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 0 or 1, most preferably 0. n1 is an integer between 1 and 10, preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0149] The preferred compound of formula I is selected from formula RMTa or RMTb.

[0150] [ka]

[0151] During the ceremony, P is a polymerizable group, Sp is a spacer group or a single bond, r1, r2, and r3 are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 0, 1, or 2, L, R 11 , Z 12 , ring B, and m have one of the meanings as given above in formula RMT.

[0152] Preferred compounds of formula RMTa are those selected from formulae RMTa0 to RMTa6.

[0153]

Chemical formula

[0154] Wherein, L, P, Sp, and R 11 are as defined in formula RMT, and r1 to r3 represent 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 1 or 2.,

[0155] Preferred compounds of formulae RMTa0 to RMTa6 are selected from the following formulae.

[0156]

Chemical formula

[0157]

Chemical formula

[0158] Wherein, P 11 is selected from the group consisting of heptadiene, vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide groups, very preferably an acrylate, methacrylate, or oxetane group, particularly an acrylate or methacrylate group, particularly an acrylate group, x is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 3, 4, 5, or 6, particularly x represents 3 or 6, particularly 6, and R 11is preferably an alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, and more preferably fluorinated, and L has one of the meanings as given above in formula RMT in each appearance.

[0159] Preferably, a compound of formula RMTa2 selected from the following formulas is particularly preferred.

[0160] [ka]

[0161] [ka]

[0162] [ka]

[0163] In the formula, R 11 In formula RMT, has one of the meanings given above, preferably R 11 is alkyl or alkoxy, more preferably methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, isopropyl or isobutyl, especially methyl.

[0164] Preferred compounds of formula RMTb are selected from formulas RMTb0 to RMTb6.

[0165] [ka]

[0166] In the formula, L, P, Sp and R 11 As defined in formula RMT, r1 to r3 represent 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 1 or 2.

[0167] Preferred compounds of formulas RMTb0 to RMTb6 are selected from the following formulas.

[0168] [ka]

[0169] [ka]

[0170] In the formula, P 11 x is selected from the group consisting of heptadiene, vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide groups, very preferably representing an acrylate, methacrylate, or oxetane group, particularly an acrylate or methacrylate group, particularly an acrylate group, x is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably from 1 to 8, more preferably 3, 4, 5, or 6, particularly representing 3 or 6, particularly 6, R 11 is preferably an alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 15 C atoms, and more preferably fluorinated, and L has one of the meanings as given above in formula RMT in each appearance.

[0171] Preferably, a compound of formula RMTb2 selected from the following formulas is particularly preferred.

[0172] [ka]

[0173] [ka]

[0174] [ka]

[0175] R in the formula 11 In formula RMT, has one of the meanings given above, preferably R 11 represents alkyl or alkoxy.

[0176] A compound of formula RMTb2-A1 selected from the compounds of the following formula is even more preferred.

[0177] [ka]

[0178] [ka]

[0179] [ka]

[0180] In the formula, R 11 In formula RMT, has one of the meanings given above, preferably R 11 is alkyl or alkoxy, more preferably methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, isopropyl or isobutyl, especially methyl.

[0181] Preferably, the polymerizable LC material comprises one or more compounds selected from formulas RMTa2-A3 to RMTa2-A6 or RMTb2-A3, preferably two or more compounds, and in particular the polymerizable LC material comprises one or more compounds of formula RMTb2-A3, and in particular the polymerizable LC material comprises a combination of compounds of RMTa2-A4 and / or RMTa2-A5 and formula RMTb2-A3.

[0182] By utilizing one or more compounds of formula RMT in polymerizable LC materials, the birefringence of polymer films can be beneficially increased. The corresponding reflection bandwidth is related to birefringence by the following formula.

[0183]

number

[0184] It is evident that a wider reflection bandwidth can be achieved by increasing the birefringence of cholesteric polymer films. By using the compound of formula I together with the compound of formula RMT in polymerizable LC materials, it is possible to significantly broaden the reflection bandwidth of the corresponding polymer film without adversely affecting film properties such as wet film crystallization or dewetting.

[0185] The concentration of compounds of formula RMT and its subformulas in the polymerizable LC material is preferably 40% to 99%, more preferably 45% to 95%, and particularly 50% to 90%.

[0186] The compound of formula RMT is either commercially available from Merck, Darmstadt, or can be synthesized by following the procedure given in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 6,514,578 or U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 15 / 575,415.

[0187] In a preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material preferably comprises one or more direactive or polyreactive mesogens selected from formula DRM.

[0188] [ka]

[0189] During the ceremony, P 1 and P 2 These represent polymerizable groups independently of each other, Sp 1 and Sp 2 These are spacer groups or single bonds, independently of each other. MG is a rod-shaped mesogenic group, which is preferably selected from formula MG. [ka] During the ceremony, A 1 and A 2 If multiple groups exist, they independently represent aromatic or alicyclic groups, which optionally contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, and are optionally monosubstituted or polysubstituted by L. L is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR x R y , -C(=O)OR x -C(=O)R x , -NR x R y , -OH, -SF5, optionally substituted silyl, aryl or heteroaryl having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, and linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, where one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F or Cl. R x and R y Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 12 C atoms. Z 1 When multiple instances exist independently of each other, they are -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 00 -, -NR 00 -CO-, -NR 00 -CO-NR 000 , -NR 00 -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR 00 -, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2) n1 , -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 00 -, -CY 1=CY 2 -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH- or single bond, preferably -COO-, -OCO- or single bond, Y 1 and Y 2 These represent H, F, Cl, or CN independently of each other. n is 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1 or 2, most preferably 2. n1 is an integer between 1 and 10, preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4. However, this is subject to the condition that compounds of formula RMT are excluded from compounds of formula DRM.

[0190] Preferred base A 1 and A 2 Examples include, but are not limited to, furan, pyrrole, thiophene, oxazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, imidazole, phenylene, cyclohexylene, bicyclooctylene, cyclohexenylene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, azulene, indan, fluorene, naphthalene, tetrahydronaphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, and dithienothiophene, all of which are either unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four groups L as defined above.

[0191] Preferred base A 1 and A 2 is selected from 1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, bicyclooctylene, or 1,4-cyclohexylene, where one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally replaced by O and / or S, where these groups are either unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three, or four L groups as defined above.

[0192] The preferred RM in formula DRM is selected from formula RDMA.

[0193] [ka]

[0194] During the ceremony, P 0 If multiple groups appear, they are independently polymerizable groups, preferably acrylic, methacrylic, oxetane, epoxy, vinyl, heptadiene, vinyloxy, propenyl ether, or styrene groups. Z 0 These are -COO-, -OCO-, -CH2CH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -OCO-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-COO-, or single bonds. L is the same or different in each occurrence in equation I. 1 It has one of the meanings given to it, and if it appears multiple times, it is independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy which may be halogenated and have F, Cl, CN or 1 to 5 C atoms. r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. x and y are each independent of each other, either 0, or identical or different integers between 1 and 12. z is either 0 or 1, except when adjacent x or y is 0.

[0195] The most preferred RM of the DRM formula is selected from the following formulas.

[0196] [ka]

[0197] [ka]

[0198] In the formula, P 0L, r, x, y, and z are as defined in formula DRMa.

[0199] Compounds of formulas DRMa1, DRMa2, and DRMa3 are preferred, with the compound of formula DRMa1 being particularly preferred.

[0200] The concentration of direactive or polyreactive RM, preferably formula DRM and its subformulas, in the RM mixture is preferably 1% to 60%, and very preferably 5% to 40%.

[0201] In another preferred embodiment, the RM mixture comprises one or more monoreactive RMs. These additional monoreactive RMs are preferably selected from formula MRM.

[0202] [ka]

[0203] In the formula, P 1 , Sp 1 And MG has the meaning given in formula DRM, R is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR x R y -C(=O)X, -C(=O)OR x -C(=O)R y , -NR x R y Represents a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl. X is a halogen, preferably F or Cl. R x and R y These are alkyl groups, each independently having either H or 1 to 12 C atoms. However, this is subject to the condition that compounds of formula RMT are excluded from compounds of formula MRM.

[0204] Preferably, the compound of formula MRM is selected from the following formulas.

[0205] [ka]

[0206] [ka]

[0207] [ka]

[0208] [ka]

[0209] In the formula, P 0 L, r, x, y, and z are defined in formula DRMa, R 0 is an alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having one or more, preferably 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or Y 0 Or P-(CH2) y -(O) z - represents, X 0 -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 01 -, -NR 01 -CO-, -NR 01 -CO-NR 01-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 01 -, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, or single bond, Y 0 These are F, Cl, CN, NO2, OCH3, OCN, SCN, SF5, or monofluorinated, oligofluorinated, or polyfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Z 0 These are -COO-, -OCO-, -CH2CH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -OCO-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-COO- or single bonds. A 0 If multiple groups exist, they are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, which are either unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four L groups independently of each other. R 01、02 H and R are independent of each other. 0 or Y 0 And, u and v are each independently 0, 1, or 2. w is either 0 or 1. However, the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring may be further substituted with one or more identical or different groups L.

[0210] Compounds of formulas MRM1, MRM2, MRM3, MRM4, MRM5, MRM6, and MRM7 are preferred, with those of formulas MRM1, MRM4, MRM6, and MRM7 being particularly preferred.

[0211] The concentration of all reactive RMs, including those of formula RMT, in the polymerizable LC material is preferably 1-80%, and very preferably 5-20%.

[0212] In formulas DRM, MRM, and their preferred subformulas, L is preferably selected from F, Cl, CN, NO2, or linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms (wherein the alkyl group may be perfluorinated) or P-Sp-.

[0213] Very preferably, L is selected from F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, particularly F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF3, most preferably F, Cl, CH3, C(CH3)3, OCH3 or COCH3 or P-Sp-.

[0214] Preferably, the polymerizable LC material according to the present invention contains one or more chiral compounds. These chiral compounds may be non-mesogenic or mesogenic compounds. In addition, these chiral compounds may be non-reactive, monoreactive, or polyreactive, regardless of whether they are mesogenic or non-mesogenic.

[0215] Preferably, the chiral compounds used are each individually or in combination with each other, in a 20 μm size. -1 Preferably 40 μm -1 More preferably 60 μm -1 Within the above range, most preferably 80 μm -1 More than ~260μm -1 The absolute value of the helical twist force within the range (|HTP total It has |) and is particularly disclosed in International Publication No. 98 / 00428.

[0216] Preferably, the non-polymerizable chiral compound is selected from the group of compounds of formula CI to C-III.

[0217] [ka]

[0218] The latter each contains (S,S) enantiomers.

[0219] In the formula, E and F are independently 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, v is 0 or 1, and Z 0 R is -COO-, -OCO-, -CH2CH2-, or a single bond, and R is an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkanoyl having 1 to 12 C atoms.

[0220] Cholesteric polymerizable LC materials containing one or more chiral compounds that do not necessarily exhibit a liquid crystal phase are particularly preferred.

[0221] Compounds of formula C-II and their synthesis are described in International Publication No. 98 / 00428. Compound CD-1, shown in Table D below, is particularly preferred. Compounds of formula C-III and their synthesis are described in British Patent No. 2,328,207.

[0222] Other commonly used chiral compounds include, for example, commercially available R / S-5011, CD-1, R / S-811, and CB-15 (Merck, Darmstad, Germany).

[0223] The chiral compounds R / S-5011 and CD-1 mentioned above, as well as (other) compounds of formulas CI, C-II and C-III, exhibit very high helical twisting power (HTP) and are therefore particularly useful for the purposes of the present invention.

[0224] The cholesteric liquid crystal medium preferably contains 1 to 5 types, particularly 1 to 3 types, very preferably 1 or 2 types of chiral compounds, selected from formula C-II, particularly CD-1, and / or formula C-III and / or R-5011 or S-5011, where the chiral compounds are very preferably R-5011, S-5011, or CD-1.

[0225] Preferably, the cholesteric polymerizable LC material contains one or more reactive chiral compounds, preferably selected from one or more non-reactive chiral compounds and / or monoreactive and / or polyreactive chiral compounds.

[0226] A suitable mesogenically reactive chiral compound preferably comprises one or more ring structural elements linked together by direct bonding or via linking groups, two of which may be linked to each other directly or via linking groups that may be the same as or different from the aforementioned linking groups. The ring structural elements are preferably selected from the group of 4-membered rings, 5-membered rings, 6-membered rings, or 7-membered rings, preferably 5-membered rings or 6-membered rings.

[0227] A preferred monoreactive chiral compound is selected from compounds of the formula CRMa to CRMc.

[0228] [ka]

[0229] During the ceremony, P 0* This represents the polymerizable group P, Sp * This represents the spacer base Sp, A 0 and B 0 If multiple instances occur, they are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, either unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four of the above-defined groups L, independently of each other. X 1 and X 2These are, independently of each other, -O-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, or single bonds. Z 0* When multiple instances of -COO-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, or a single bond. t can be 0, 1, 2, or 3, independently of each other. a is 0, 1, or 2. b is an integer between 0 and 12. z is either 0 or 1, However, the naphthalene ring in formula CRMa can also be substituted with one or more identical or different groups L. However, L is independently F, Cl, CN, an alkyl halide, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 5 C atoms.

[0230] Compounds of formula CRMa are preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CRMa-1.

[0231] [ka]

[0232] In the formula, X 2 , A 0 B 0 , Z 0* , P 0* And b has the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below, and (OCO) represents -O-CO- or a single bond.

[0233] Particularly preferred compounds of formula CRM are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0234] [ka]

[0235] [ka]

[0236] In the formula, R is -X as defined in formula CRM-a. 2 -(CH2) x -P 0* The benzene and naphthalene rings are either unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four groups L as defined above and below.

[0237] The compound of formula CRMb is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CRMb-1 to CRMb-3.

[0238] [ka]

[0239] In the formula, X 2 , A 0 B 0 , Z 0* , P 0* And b has the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below.

[0240] The preferred compound of formula CRMb-1 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CRMb-1a and CRMb-1b.

[0241] [ka]

[0242] In the formula, X 2 , Z 0* , P 0*and b have the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below. Preferably, in compounds of formula CRMb-1a and CRMb-1b, Z 0 X represents OCOO, COO, OCO, or a single bond. Preferably, X in compounds of formula CRMb-1a and CRMb-1b. 2 ∫ represents OCOO, OCO, COO, or a single bond. Compounds of formula CRMb-1b selected from the following compounds are preferred.

[0243] [ka]

[0244] In the formula, P 0* And b has the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below.

[0245] P 0* Compound CRMb-1bI is particularly preferred, in which each instance represents an acrylate group and each instance represents 4, and is commercially available from BASF, Germany, under the trademark name LC756.

[0246] Compounds of formula CRMc are preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CRMc-1.

[0247] [ka]

[0248] In the formula, X 2 , A 0 B 0 , Z 0* , P 0* And b has the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below.

[0249] Preferred compounds of formula CRMc-1 are preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula CRMc-1a and CRMc-1b.

[0250] [ka]

[0251] In the formula, X 2 , Z 0* , P 0* and b have the meaning given by formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given by above and below. Preferably, in compounds of formula CRMc-1a and CRMc-1b, Z 0 X represents OOCO, OCOO, COO, OCO, or a single bond. Preferably, X in compounds of formula CRMc-1a and CRMc-1b. 2 represents O, OOCO, OCOO, OCO, COO, or a single bond. Compounds of formula CRMc-1a selected from the following compounds are preferred.

[0252] [ka]

[0253] In the formula, P 0* And b has the meaning given in formula CRMa or one of the preferred meanings given above and below.

[0254] P 0* However, each instance of b represents an acrylate group, and each instance of b represents 3 or 6, X 2 However, the compound CRMc-1aI, in which each instance represents either an O or a single bond, is particularly preferred.

[0255] The amount of chiral compound in the liquid crystal medium is preferably 1-20%, more preferably 1-15%, even more preferably 1-10%, and most preferably 3-7% of the total weight of the mixture.

[0256] In a preferred embodiment, the proportion of the polymerizable mesogenic compound in the total polymerizable liquid crystal material according to the present invention is in the range of 30 to 99% by weight, more preferably in the range of 40 to 97% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 50 to 95% by weight.

[0257] Preferably, the proportion of the monoreactive, direactive, or polyreactive liquid crystal compound selected from the compounds of formulas DRM and MRM as preferably given above and below in the entire polymerizable liquid crystal material according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 30 to 99.9% by weight, more preferably in the range of 40 to 99.9% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 50 to 99.9% by weight.

[0258] In a preferred embodiment, the proportion of the bireactive or polyreactive polymerizable mesogenic compound in the entire polymerizable liquid crystal material according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably in the range of 2 to 60% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 3 to 50% by weight.

[0259] In another preferred embodiment, the proportion of a reactive polymerizable mesogenic compound of formula MRM, excluding the compound of formula RMT, in the entire polymerizable liquid crystal material according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably in the range of 2 to 45% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 5 to 40% by weight, if present.

[0260] In another preferred embodiment, the proportion of the polyreactive polymerizable mesogenic compound in the entire polymerizable liquid crystal material according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably in the range of 2 to 20% by weight, and even more preferably in the range of 3 to 10% by weight, if present.

[0261] In another preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material does not contain a polymerizable mesogenic compound having more than two polymerizable groups.

[0262] In a more preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material preferably comprises one or more monoreactive mesogen compounds selected from formulas MRM-1, MRM-4, MRM-6 and / or MRM-7, and one or more direactive mesogen compounds preferably selected from formula DRMa-1.

[0263] Polymerizable LC materials should also possess properties that allow for easy and desired changes to achieve different reflection wavelengths, particularly in the VIS light region. Preferably, the cholesteric pitch of the polymerizable LC material is selected such that its reflection wavelengths are within the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e., 300 nm to 900 nm, more preferably 350 nm to 850 nm. In particular, the reflection wavelength of liquid crystal media is in the range of 400 nm to 800 nm.

[0264] The polymerizable LC material according to the present invention is itself prepared by conventional methods, for example, by mixing one or more of the above-mentioned polymerizable compounds with one or more compounds of formula I, one or more chiral compounds as defined above, and optionally further liquid crystal compounds and / or additives and / or solvents.

[0265] In a more preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material optionally includes one or more additives selected from the group consisting of further polymerization initiators, antioxidants, surfactants, stabilizers, catalysts, sensitizers, inhibitors, chain transfer agents, co-reaction monomers, reactive thinners, surfactant compounds, lubricants, wetting agents, dispersants, hydrophobic agents, adhesives, flow improvers, degassing or defoaming agents, defoaming agents, diluents, reactive diluents, auxiliary agents, colorants, dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles.

[0266] In another preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material optionally includes one or more additives selected from polymerizable non-mesogenic compounds (reactive thinners). The amount of these additives in the polymerizable LC material is preferably 0-30%, and very preferably 0-25%.

[0267] The reactive thinner used is not only a substance called a reactive thinner in the literal sense, but also one of the auxiliary compounds already mentioned above, which contain one or more complementary reactive units, such as a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, or an amino group, through which a reaction with the polymerization units of the liquid crystalline compound can occur.

[0268] Typically, photopolymerizable substances include, for example, monofunctional, difunctional, and polyfunctional compounds containing at least one olefinic double bond. Examples include vinyl esters of carboxylic acids, such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid; vinyl esters of dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, adipic acid, allyl, and vinyl ethers; methacrylic and acrylic esters of monofunctional alcohols, such as methacrylic and acrylic esters of lauryl, myristyl, palmityl, and stearyl alcohols; and difunctional alcohols, such as diallyl and divinyl ethers of ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol.

[0269] Also suitable are, for example, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid esters of polyfunctional alcohols, particularly those that do not contain any additional functional groups other than the hydroxyl group, or that contain at most an ether group. Examples of such alcohols include difunctional alcohols, e.g., ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and representative of their more highly condensed forms, e.g., diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, etc., butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, alkoxylated phenol compounds, e.g., ethoxylated and propoxylated bisphenol, cyclohexanedimethanol, trifunctional and polyfunctional alcohols, e.g., glycerol, trimethylolpropane, butanetriol, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, and the corresponding alkoxylated, particularly ethoxylated and propoxylated alcohols.

[0270] Another suitable reactive thinner is polyester (meth)acrylate, which is a (meth)acrylic acid ester of polyesterol.

[0271] Suitable polyesterols can be prepared by esterifying polycarboxylic acids, preferably dicarboxylic acids, with polyols, preferably diols. Starting materials for such hydroxyl-containing polyesters are known to those skilled in the art. Dicarboxylic acids that can be used include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, o-phthalic acid and their isomers and hydrogenation products, as well as esterifiable and transesterifiable derivatives of the acids, such as anhydrides and dialkyl esters. Suitable polyols are the alcohols mentioned above, preferably ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, and polyglycols of the ethylene glycol and propylene glycol type.

[0272] A suitable reactive thinner is also known by the following formula: 1,4-divinylbenzene, triallyl cyanurate, and dihydrodicyclopentadienyl acrylate. [ka] These are acrylic acid esters of tricyclodecenyl alcohol, as well as allyl esters of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and cyanoacrylic acid.

[0273] Among the reactive thinners listed as examples, those having photopolymerizable groups are used in particular, and from the viewpoint of the preferred compositions described above.

[0274] Examples of this group include dihydric and polyhydric alcohols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and representative of their more highly condensed forms, such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol, as well as butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, butanetriol, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, mannitol, and corresponding alkoxylated, particularly ethoxylated and propoxylated alcohols.

[0275] Further examples of this group include alkoxylated phenol compounds, such as ethoxylated and propoxylated bisphenols.

[0276] These reactive thinners may further be, for example, epoxides or urethane (meth)acrylates.

[0277] Epoxy (meth)acrylates are obtained, for example, by the reaction of epoxidized olefins or poly or diglycidyl ethers, such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, which are known to those skilled in the art, with (meth)acrylic acid.

[0278] Urethane (meth)acrylates are, in particular, products of the reaction of hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates with poly or diisocyanates, which are also known to those skilled in the art.

[0279] Such epoxides and urethane (meth)acrylates are included in the compounds listed above as “mixed forms.”

[0280] When reactive thinners are used, their quantities and properties must be adapted to the respective conditions so that, on the one hand, a satisfactory desired effect, such as the desired color of the composition according to the present invention, is obtained, and on the other hand, the phase behavior of the liquid crystal composition is not excessively impaired. Low-crosslinked (high-crosslinked) liquid crystal compositions can be prepared, for example, using the corresponding reactive thinner having a relatively small (large) number of reactive units per molecule.

[0281] Examples of diluents include: C1-C4 alcohols, e.g. methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, especially C5-C12 alcohols, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol, n-decanol, n-undecanol and n-dodecanol, and their isomers, glycols, e.g., 1,2-ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 2,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, di- and triethylene glycol, and di- and tripropylene glycol, ethers, e.g., methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,2-ethylene glycol mono- and dimethyl ether, 1,2-ethylene glycol mono- and diethyl ether, 3-methyl Examples include cypropanol, 3-isopropoxypropanol, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone), C1-C5 alkyl esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and amyl acetate, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, petroleum ether, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, tetralin, decalin, dimethylnaphthalene, white spirit, Shellsol® and Solvesso® mineral oils such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel and heating oil, and natural oils such as olive oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil and sunflower oil.

[0282] Naturally, mixtures of these diluents can also be used in the composition according to the present invention.

[0283] These diluents can also be mixed with water, provided they are at least partially miscible. Suitable examples of diluents herein are C1-C4 alcohols, e.g., methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol and sec-butanol; glycols, e.g., 1,2-ethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 2,3- and 1,4-butylene glycol, di- and triethylene glycol and di- and tripropylene glycol; ethers, e.g., tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; ketones, e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and diacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone); and C1-C4 alkyl esters, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl acetate.

[0284] The diluent is used as desired in a proportion of approximately 0 to 10.0% by weight, preferably approximately 0 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable LC material.

[0285] Antifoaming and defoaming agents (c1), lubricants and flow aids (c2), thermosetting or radiation curing aids (c3), substrate wetting aids (c4), wetting and dispersion aids (c5), hydrophobic agents (c6), adhesion promoters (c7), and agents for promoting scratch resistance (c8) cannot be strictly distinguished from one another in their respective functions.

[0286] For example, lubricants and flow aids often act as defoamers and / or defoamers, and / or as additives to improve scratch resistance. Radiation curing aids may also act as lubricants, flow aids, and / or defoamers, and / or substrate wetting aids. In some cases, some of these aids may also function as adhesion promoters (c8).

[0287] Accordingly, certain additives can therefore be classified into the following numerous groups c1) to c8).

[0288] The defoaming agents of group c1) include silicone-free and silicone-containing polymers. Silicone-containing polymers are, for example, unmodified or modified polydialkylsiloxanes or branched copolymers, comb or block copolymers containing polydialkylsiloxanes and polyether units, the latter of which are obtained from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.

[0289] Examples of degassing agents in group c1) include organic polymers, such as polyethers and polyacrylates, dialkylpolysiloxanes, particularly dimethylpolysiloxanes, organically modified polysiloxanes, such as arylalkyl-modified polysiloxanes, and fluorosilicones.

[0290] The action of an antifoaming agent is essentially based on preventing foam formation or destroying foam that has already formed. Antifoaming agents essentially work by promoting the aggregation of finely divided gas or bubbles, thereby generating larger bubbles in the medium to be defoamed, for example, in the composition according to the present invention, and thus promoting the escape of gas (air). Antifoaming agents can also be frequently used as defoaming agents, and vice versa, and these additives are collectively included in group c1).

[0291] Such auxiliary agents include, for example, TEGO® Foamex800, TEGO® Foamex805, TEGO® Foamex810, TEGO® Foamex815, TEGO® Foamex825, TEGO® Foamex835, TEGO® Foamex840, TEGO® Foamex842, TEGO® Foamex1435, TEGO® Foamex1488, TEGO® Foamex1495, TEGO® Fo amex3062, TEGO(registered trademark) Foamex7447, TEGO(registered trademark) Foamex8020, Tego(registered trademark) FoamexN, TEGO(registered trademark) FoamexK3, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-18, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-18, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-57, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-80, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-82, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-89, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-92 TEGO® Antifoam14, TEGO® Antifoam28, TEGO® Antifoam81, TEGO® AntifoamD90, TEGO® Antifoam93, TEGO® Antifoam200, TEGO® Antifoam201, TEGO® Antifoam202, TEGO® Antifoam793, TEGO® Antifoam1488, TEGO® Antifoam3062, TEGOPRE N(registered trademark) 5803, TEGOPREN(registered trademark) 5852, TEGOPREN(registered trademark) 5863, TEGOPREN(registered trademark) 7008, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam1-60, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam1-62, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam1-85, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam2-67, TEGO(registered trademark) AntifoamWM20, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam50, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam105, TEGO(registered trademark) Antifoam730,TEGO® Antifoam MR1015, TEGO® Antifoam MR1016, TEGO® Antifoam 1435, TEGO® Antifoam N, TEGO® Antifoam KS6, TEGO® Antifoam KS10, TEGO® Antifoam KS53, TEGO® Antifoam KS95, TEGO® Antifoam KS100, TEGO® Antifoam KE6 00, TEGO(registered trademark) AntifoamKS911, TEGO(registered trademark) AntifoamMR1000, TEGO(registered trademark) AntifoamKS1100, Tego(registered trademark) Airex900, Tego(registered trademark) Airex910, Tego(registered trademark) Airex931, Tego(registered trademark) Airex935, Tego(registered trademark) Airex936, Tego(registered trademark) Airex960, Tego(registered trademark) Airex970, Tego(registered trademark) Airex980 and It is also sold by Tego as Tego(registered trademark) Airex985, and is available in the following versions: BYK(registered trademark)-011, BYK(registered trademark)-019, BYK(registered trademark)-020, BYK(registered trademark)-021, BYK(registered trademark)-022, BYK(registered trademark)-023, BYK(registered trademark)-024, BYK(registered trademark)-025, BYK(registered trademark)-027, BYK(registered trademark)-031, BYK(registered trademark)-032, BYK(registered trademark)-033, BYK(registered trademark)-034, BYK(registered trademark)-03 5. These are commercially available from BYK as BYK(registered trademark)-036, BYK(registered trademark)-037, BYK(registered trademark)-045, BYK(registered trademark)-051, BYK(registered trademark)-052, BYK(registered trademark)-053, BYK(registered trademark)-055, BYK(registered trademark)-057, BYK(registered trademark)-065, BYK(registered trademark)-066, BYK(registered trademark)-070, BYK(registered trademark)-080, BYK(registered trademark)-088, BYK(registered trademark)-141, and BYK(registered trademark)-A530.

[0292] The auxiliary agents of group c1) are used as desired in a proportion of approximately 0 to 3.0% by weight, preferably approximately 0 to 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the RM formulation.

[0293] In group c2), lubricants and fluidizing agents typically include not only silicon-free polymers but also silicon-containing polymers, such as polyacrylates or modifiers, and low molecular weight polydialkylsiloxanes. Modifications lie in several alkyl groups replaced by a wide variety of organic groups. These organic groups are, for example, polyethers, polyesters, or even longer-chain alkyl groups, with the former being the most frequently used.

[0294] The polyether groups in the corresponding modified polysiloxanes are typically composed of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide units. Generally, the higher the proportion of these alkylene oxide units in the modified polysiloxane, the more hydrophilic the resulting product becomes.

[0295] Such additives are commercially available from Tego as, for example, TEGO® Glide100, TEGO® GlideZG400, TEGO® Glide406, TEGO® Glide410, TEGO® Glide411, TEGO® Glide415, TEGO® Glide420, TEGO® Glide435, TEGO® Glide440, TEGO® Glide450, TEGO® GlideA115, TEGO® GlideB1484 (which can also be used as an antifoaming and defoaming agent), TEGO® FlowATF, TEGO® Flow300, TEGO® Flow460, TEGO® Flow425, and TEGO® FlowZFS460. Suitable radiation-curable lubricants and flow aids, which can also be used to improve scratch resistance, are products of TEGO® Rad2100, TEGO® Rad2200, TEGO® Rad2500, TEGO® Rad2600, and TEGO® Rad2700, which are also available from TEGO.

[0296] Such additives are also available from BYK as, for example, BYK(registered trademark)-300, BYK(registered trademark)-306, BYK(registered trademark)-307, BYK(registered trademark)-310, BYK(registered trademark)-320, BYK(registered trademark)-333, BYK(registered trademark)-341, Byk(registered trademark)354, Byk(registered trademark)361, Byk(registered trademark)361N, and BYK(registered trademark)388.

[0297] For example, such an additive is also available from 3M as FC4430 (registered trademark).

[0298] For example, such additives are also available from Cytonix as FluorN® 561 or FluorN® 562.

[0299] For example, such fertilizers are also available from Merck as Tivida® FL2300 and Tivida® FL2500.

[0300] The auxiliary agents of group c2) are used as desired in a proportion of approximately 0 to 3.0% by weight, preferably approximately 0 to 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the RM formulation.

[0301] In group c3), radiation curing aids include, in particular, polysiloxanes having terminal double bonds, for example, acrylate groups. Such aids can be crosslinked by chemical beams or, for example, electron beams. These aids generally possess a combination of many properties. In their uncrosslinked state, they can act as defoamers, defoamers, lubricants, flow aids, and / or substrate wetting aids, but in their crosslinked state, they particularly improve the scratch resistance of, for example, coatings or films that can be manufactured using compositions according to the present invention. For example, precisely, the improvement in the gloss properties of these coatings or films is considered to be essentially a result of the actions of these aids as defoamers, defoamers, and / or lubricants, and flow aids (in their uncrosslinked state).

[0302] Examples of suitable radioscaling aids include TEGO®Rad2100, TEGO®Rad2200, TEGO®Rad2500, TEGO®Rad2600, and TEGO®Rad2700, available from TEGO, and BYK®-371, available from BYK.

[0303] The thermosetting aids of group c3) include, for example, primary OH groups that can react with the isocyanate group of the binder.

[0304] Examples of thermosetting aids that may be used are BYK®-370, BYK®-373, and BYK®-375, which are available from BYK.

[0305] The additives of group c3) are used as desired in a proportion of about 0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably about 0 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable LC material.

[0306] The substrate wetting aids of group c4) are particularly useful in improving the wettability of substrates to be printed or coated with, for example, printing inks or coating compositions, such as the compositions according to the present invention. Often, this improvement in the lubrication and flow behavior of such printing inks or coating compositions also affects the appearance of the finished (e.g., crosslinked) print or coating.

[0307] Such a wide variety of excipients are commercially available from Tego as TEGO(registered trademark)WetKL245, TEGO(registered trademark)Wet250, TEGO(registered trademark)Wet260 and TEGO(registered trademark)WetZF453, and from BYK as BYK(registered trademark)-306, BYK(registered trademark)-307, BYK(registered trademark)-310, BYK(registered trademark)-333, BYK(registered trademark)-344, BYK(registered trademark)-345, BYK(registered trademark)-346 and BYK(registered trademark)-348.

[0308] The additives of group c4) are used optionally in a proportion of about 0 to 3.0% by weight, preferably about 0 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

[0309] The wetting and dispersing aids of group c5) play a role in preventing the pigment from immersing, floating, or settling, and are therefore particularly suitable for the pigment composition according to the present invention, as needed.

[0310] These additives essentially stabilize the pigment dispersion through electrostatic repulsion and / or steric hindrance of the pigment particles containing these additives, although in the latter case, the interaction between the additive and the surrounding medium (e.g., binder) plays a major role.

[0311] The use of such wetting and dispersing aids is common in fields such as printing inks and coatings, so there is generally no problem for those skilled in the art when using appropriate aids of this type.

[0312] Such wetting and dispersing aids include, for example, TEGO® Dispers610, TEGO® Dispers610S, TEGO® Dispers630, TEGO® Dispers700, TEGO® Dispers705, TEGO® Dispers710, TEGO® Dispers720W, TEGO® Dispers725W, TEGO® Dispers730W, TEGO® Dispers735W, and TEG It is commercially available as O(registered trademark)Dispers740W, and also by BYK as Disperbyk(registered trademark), Disperbyk(registered trademark)-107, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-108, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-110, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-111, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-115, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-130, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-160, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-161, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-162, Disperbyk(registered trademark) )-163, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-164, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-165, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-166, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-167, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-170, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-174, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-180, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-181, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-182, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-183, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-184, Disperbyk(registered trademark)-185, D isperbyk(registered trademark)-190, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-U, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-U80, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-P, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-203, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-204, Anti-Terra(registered trademark)-206, BYK(registered trademark)-151, BYK(registered trademark)-154, BYK(registered trademark)-155, BYK(registered trademark)-P104S, BYK(registered trademark)-P105, Lactimon(registered trademark), Lactimon(registered trademark)-WS,It is also sold as Bykumen (registered trademark).

[0313] The amount of additive used in group c5) is based on the average molecular weight of the additive. Therefore, in all cases, preliminary experiments are desirable, but this can be easily done by those skilled in the art.

[0314] The hydrophobic agents of group c6) can be used, for example, to impart water repellency to prints or coatings produced using the compositions according to the present invention. This prevents, or at least significantly suppresses, swelling due to water absorption, and consequently, changes in the optical properties of such prints or coatings. Furthermore, when the compositions are used, for example, as printing inks in offset printing, water absorption can be prevented, or at least significantly reduced.

[0315] Such hydrophobic agents are commercially available from Tego, for example, as Tego®PhobeWF, Tego®Phobe1000, Tego®Phobe1000S, Tego®Phobe1010, Tego®Phobe1030, Tego®Phobe1010, Tego®Phobe1010, Tego®Phobe1030, Tego®Phobe1040, Tego®Phobe1050, Tego®Phobe1200, Tego®Phobe1300, Tego®Phobe1310, and Tego®Phobe1400.

[0316] The additives of group c6) are used as desired in a proportion of about 0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably about 0 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable LC material.

[0317] Further adhesion promoters from group c7) help improve adhesion between two contacting interfaces. From this, it is immediately apparent that the only effective part of an adhesion promoter is located at either one or both interfaces. For example, when it is desirable to apply a liquid or paste-like printing ink, coating composition, or paint to a solid substrate, this generally means that the adhesion promoter must be added directly to the latter, or the substrate must be pre-treated with an adhesion promoter (also known as a priming), i.e., the substrate is given modified chemical and / or physical surface properties.

[0318] If the substrate is pre-coated with a primer, this means that the interface in contact is, on the one hand, that of the primer, and on the other hand, that of the printing ink or coating composition or paint. In this case, not only the adhesion between the substrate and the primer, but also the adhesion between the substrate and the printing ink or coating composition or paint contributes to the adhesion of the entire multilayer structure on the substrate.

[0319] Adhesion promoters, which can be described in a broader sense, are also substrate wetting aids already listed in group c4), but these generally do not have the same adhesion promoting ability.

[0320] Given the wide variety of physical and chemical properties of substrates, and of, for example, printing inks, coating compositions, and paints intended for printing or coating them, the diversity of adhesion promoter systems is not surprising.

[0321] Silane-based adhesion promoters include, for example, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-methyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, and vinyltrimethoxysilane. These and other silanes are commercially available from Huels, for example, under the trade name DYNASILAN®.

[0322] Corresponding technical information from the manufacturers of such additives should be made publicly available, or those skilled in the art can obtain this information in a simple manner through corresponding preliminary experiments.

[0323] However, when these additives are added to the polymerizable LC material according to the present invention as auxiliary agents from group c7), their proportions are, arbitrarily, equivalent to about 0 to 5.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable LC material. Since the amount and type of additives are determined in each case by the properties of the substrate and the properties of the printing / coating composition, these concentration data are merely guidelines. Corresponding technical information is usually available in this case from the manufacturer of such additives or can be obtained by those skilled in the art through corresponding preliminary experiments in a simple manner.

[0324] Examples of additives for improving the scratch resistance of group c8) include the above-mentioned products available from Tego: TEGO® Rad2100, TEGO® Rad2200, TEGO® Rad2500, TEGO® Rad2600, and TEGO® Rad2700.

[0325] The quantity data given for group c3) is also suitable for these additives, that is, these additives are optionally used in a proportion of about 0 to 5.0% by weight, preferably about 0 to 3.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

[0326] Examples that may be mentioned regarding light, heat, and / or oxidative stabilizers are as follows: Alkylated monophenols, e.g., 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(α-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, linear or branched chains. Nonylphenols having a side chain, for example, 2,6-dinonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methylundeca-1'-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methylheptadeca-1'-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methyltrideca-1'-yl)phenol and mixtures of these compounds, alkylthiomethylphenols, for example, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol and 2,6-didodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol,

[0327] Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydrocrinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate and bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) adipate.

[0328] Tocopherols, such as α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and mixtures thereof, as well as tocopherol derivatives, such as tocopheryl acetate, succinate, nicotinate and polyoxyethylene succinate ("tocopherolsolates"),

[0329] Hydroxylated diphenyl thioethers, for example, 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3,6-disec-amylphenol), and 4,4'-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) disulfide.

[0330] Alkylidenebisphenols, for example, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[4-methyl-6-(α-methylcyclohexyl)phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2-ethylidenebis(4,6- Di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(α-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane, 2,6-bis(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane, 1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n-dodecyl-mercaptobutane, ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)butyrate], bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)dicyclopentadiene, bis [2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl)-6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl]terephthalate, 1,1-bis(3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)butane, 2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-4-n-dodecyl-mercaptobutane and 1,1,5,5-tetrakis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)pentane,

[0331] O-, N-, and S-benzyl compounds, e.g., 3,5,3',5'-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl mercaptoacetate, tridecyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl mercaptoacetate, tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)amine, bis(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)dithioterephthalate, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide, and isooctyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl mercaptoacetate.

[0332] Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, for example, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene, and 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol,

[0333] Triazine compounds, for example, 2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,2,3-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl (Tyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-Tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)isocyanurate, 2,4,6-Tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-Tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-Tris(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate and 1,3,5-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate,

[0334] Benzylphosphonates, for example, dimethyl 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, and dioctadecyl 5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonate.

[0335] Acylaminophenols, for example, 4-hydroxylauroylanilide, 4-hydroxystearoylanilide, and octyl N-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate,

[0336] Propionic acid and acetic acid esters of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxalamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, and 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]-octan,

[0337] Propionamides based on amine derivatives, for example, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexamethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)trimethylenediamine and N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hydrazine.

[0338] Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and ascorbic acid derivatives, such as ascorbyl palmitate, laurate and stealth, as well as ascorbyl sulfate and phosphate,

[0339] Antioxidants based on amine compounds, for example, N,N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine Nirenediamine, N,N'-bis(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1-methylheptyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4-(p-toluenesulfamoyl)diphenylamine, N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-di-sec-butyl- p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octyl-substituted diphenylamine, e.g., p,p'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4-butyrylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoyl Aminophenol, 4-octadecanoylaminophenol, bis[4-methoxyphenyl)amine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethylphenol, 2,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)amino]ethane, 1,2-bis(phenylamino)propane, (o-tolyl)biguanide, bis[4-(1',[3'-dimethylbutyl)phenyl]amine, tert-octyl-substituted N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated tert-butyl / tert-octyldiphenylamine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated nonyldiphenylamine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated dodecyldiphenylamine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated isopropyl / isohexyldiphenylamine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated tert-butyldiphenylamine, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazine , phenothiazine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated tert-butyl / tert-octylphenothiazine, mixtures of monoalkylated and dialkylated tert-octylphenothiazine, N-allylphenothiazine, N,N,N',N'-tetraphenyl-1,4-diaminobuta-2-ene, N,N-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)hexamethylenediamine, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)sevacate, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-one and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-ol,

[0340] Phosphines, phosphites and phosphonits, for example, triphenylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, diphenylalkylphosphine, phenyldialkylphosphine, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphine, trilaurylphosphine, trioctadecylphosphine, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphine, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphine, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphine, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphine, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphine, diisodecyloxypentaerythritol diphosphine, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6- Methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphine, bis(2,4,6-tris(tert-butylphenyl)) pentaerythritol diphosphine, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphine, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4'-biphenylenediphosphonit, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12H-dibenzo[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphosine, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenzo[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphosine, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) methylphosphine and bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) ethylphosphine,

[0341] 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, e.g., 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'- tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-octyloxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-ditert-amyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3,5'-bis-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5' A mixture of -(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-t ert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-dodecyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylethyl)phenylbenzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,[3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-benzotriazole-2-ylphenol]; the product of complete esterification of 2-[3'-tert-butyl-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole with polyethylene glycol 300,

[0342] Sulfur-containing peroxide scavengers and sulfur-containing antioxidants, for example, esters of 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid, for example, lauryl, stearyl, myristyl and tridecyl esters, mercaptobenzimidazole, and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, dibutylzinc dithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide and zinc salts of pentaerythritol tetrakis(β-dodecylmercapto)propionate.

[0343] 2-Hydroxybenzophenones, for example, 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyclooxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy, 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives,

[0344] Unsubstituted and substituted benzoic acid esters, e.g., 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoyl resorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)resorcinol, benzoyl resorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, hexadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate and 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate,

[0345] Acrylates, for example, ethyl α-cyano-β,β-diphenyl acrylate, isooctyl α-cyano-β,β-diphenyl acrylate, methyl α-methoxycarbonyl cinnamate, methyl α-cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, butyl-α- Cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate and methyl-α-methoxycarbonyl-p-methoxycinnamate, sterically hindered amines, e.g., bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)sevacate, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)succinate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)sevacate, bis(1-octyloxy -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl) sevacate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)-n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmalonate, condensation product of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine and succinic acid, N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine- Condensation product of 4-yl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)nitrilotriacetate, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, 1,1'-(1,2-ethylene)bis(3,3,5,5-tetra Methylpiperazinone), 4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)2-n-butyl-2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)malonate, 3-n-octyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5] Decane-2,4-dione, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)sebacate, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)succinate, condensation product of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, 2-chloro-4,6-bis(4-n-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)-1,3 Condensation product of 5-triazine and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane, condensation product of 2-chloro-4,6-di(4-n-butylamino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane, 8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]-decane-2,4-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)pyrrolidine-2, A mixture of 5-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, 4-hexadecyloxy- and 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, a condensation product of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-cyclohexylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5 - Condensation product of triazine, 4-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-yl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide, N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine-4-yl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide, 2-undecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxospiro[4.5]-decane, 7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-2-cycloundecyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxospiro-[4.5] Condensation product of decane and epichlorohydrin, condensation product of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and tetramethylolacetylenediurea and poly(methoxypropyl-3-oxy)-[4(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl)piperidinyl]-siloxane.

[0346] Oxalamides, for example, 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxalamide, mixtures thereof with 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide and 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide, and mixtures thereof with ortho-, para-methoxy-disubstituted oxanilides, and mixtures thereof with ortho- and para-ethoxy-disubstituted oxanilides, and

[0347] 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, for example, 2,4,6-tris-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl) Nyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-tridecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-butyloxypropoxy)phenyl]- 4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-octyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[4-(dodecyloxy / tridecyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis Su-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris[2-hydroxy-4-(3-butoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine, and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine.

[0348] In another preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material preferably comprises one or more specific antioxidants selected from the Irganox® series, for example, Irganox® 1076 and Irganox® 1010, which are commercially available from Ciba and Switzerland.

[0349] In another preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material comprises one or more, more preferably one or two, photoinitiators, selected from, for example, the commercially available Irgacure® or Darocure® (Ciba) series, particularly Irgacure 127, Irgacure 184, Irgacure 369, Irgacure 651, Irgacure 817, Irgacure 907, Irgacure 1300, Irgacure, Irgacure 2022, Irgacure 2100, Irgacure 2959 or Darcure TPO, and further selected from the commercially available OXE02 (Ciba), NCI930, N1919T (Adeka), SPI-03 or SPI-04 (Samyang).

[0350] The overall concentration of polymerization initiators (one or more types) in the polymerizable LC material is preferably 0.5 to 10%, very preferably 0.8 to 8%, and more preferably 1 to 6%.

[0351] In a preferred embodiment, the polymerizable LC material is dissolved in a suitable solvent preferably selected from organic solvents.

[0352] The solvent is preferably selected from ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, cyclopentanone, or cyclohexanone; acetates, such as methyl, ethyl, or butyl acetate or methyl acetate; alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, or isopropyl alcohol; aromatic solvents, such as toluene, anisole, 3-phenoxytoluene, cyclohexylbenzene, phenylnaphthalene, or xylene; alicyclic hydrocarbons, such as cyclopentane or cyclohexane; halogenated hydrocarbons, such as dichloromethane or trichloromethane; glycols or esters thereof, such as PGMEA (propyl glycol monomethyl ether acetate), γ-butyrolactone, PGME (propyl glycol methyl ether), or EGBE (ethylene glycol butyl ether). It is also possible to use binary, ternary, or more mixtures of the above solvents. Particularly in multilayer applications, methyl isobutyl ketone, 3-pentanone, toluene, anisole, or EGBE are preferred solvent systems, either as a blend or individually.

[0353] When the polymerizable LC material contains one or more solvents, the total concentration of all solids containing RM in the solvent (one or more) is preferably 10-60%, more preferably 20-50%, and particularly 30-45%.

[0354] Preferably, the polymerizable LC material includes one or more compounds of formula I or its corresponding preferred sub-formula, a) A polymerizable mesogenic compound of one or more formulas RMT and corresponding sub-formulas, b) Preferably one or more polyreactive or bireactive polymerizable mesogenic compounds selected from compounds of formula DRM and corresponding sub-formulas. c) Preferably one or more chiral mesogenic compounds selected from compounds of formula CRMa to CRMc, more preferably from compounds of formula CRMb and its subformulas, d) Preferably one or more monoreactive mesogens selected from compounds of formula MRM and corresponding sub-formulas, e) One or more photoinitiators of any kind, f) Optionally one or more antioxidant additives, g) One or more types of adhesion promoters, h) One or more surfactants of any kind, i) One or more monoreactive, direactive, or polyreactive polymerizable nonmesogenic compounds, j) One or more dyes that exhibit an absorption maximum at a wavelength used to initiate photopolymerization, k) One or more chain transfer agents of any choice, l) Optionally one or more additional stabilizers, m) One or more types of lubricants and flow aids, and n) One or more diluents of any kind, o) Optionally, non-polymerizable nematic components, p) Optionally one or more organic solvents Includes.

[0355] More preferably, polymerizable LC materials are a) One or more compounds of formula I as given above or corresponding preferred sub-formulas, b) One or more polymerizable mesogenic compounds selected from compounds of formula RMT and corresponding sub-formulas, preferably sub-formulas RMT2-A4 and / or RMT2-A5 and / or RMTb-A3, preferably two or more polymerizable mesogenic compounds, c) Preferably one or more, preferably two or more, bireactive polymerizable mesogenic compounds selected from the compounds of formula DRMa-1, d) Optionally, one or more, preferably two or more, monoreactive polymerizable mesogenic compounds selected from the compounds of formula MRM-1 and / or MRM-4 and / or MRM-6 and / or MRM-7. e) Optionally, one or more chiral mesogenic compounds of formula CRMb, particularly formula CRMb-1bI, f) Optionally, one or more antioxidants, esters of unsubstituted and substituted benzoic acid, preferably selected from Irganox® 1076, and if present, preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 2% by weight, very preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight. g) Optionally one or more photoinitiators, preferably Irgacure® 907 and / or SPI-3, h) Optionally one or more organic solvents, preferably methyl isobutyl ketone Includes.

[0356] The present invention further, • Provide a layer of polymerizable LC material on the substrate as described above and below. • Polymerize the polymerizable components of polymerizable LC materials by photopolymerization, and • The polymerized LC material is optionally removed from the substrate and / or optionally provided on another substrate. This relates to a method for preparing polymer films.

[0357] This solution is then applied or printed onto a substrate using known techniques such as spin coating or printing, and the solvent is evaporated before polymerization. In many cases, heating the coated solution is suitable to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent.

[0358] Polymerizable LC materials can be applied to substrates using conventional coating techniques such as spin coating and blade coating. They can also be applied to substrates using conventional printing techniques known to experts, such as screen printing, offset printing, reel-to-reel printing, letterpress printing, gravure printing, rotogravure printing, flexographic printing, intaglio printing, pad printing, heat seal printing, inkjet printing, and printing using stamps or printing plates.

[0359] Suitable substrate materials and substrates are known to experts and documented in the literature, for example, as conventional substrates used in the optical film industry, such as glass or plastic. Preferred substrates particularly suitable for polymerization include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycarbonate (PC), triacetylcellulose (TAC), or cycloolefin polymer (COP), or generally known color filter materials, especially triacetylcellulose (TAC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or generally known color filter materials. Suitable substrates may be plain substrates with no surface modification whatsoever, or structured substrates such as gratings.

[0360] When polymerizable liquid crystal materials are provided on a plain substrate, they preferably exhibit a uniform orientation throughout the layer. However, it is equally preferable that the polymerizable LC material is patterned or structured, or generally exhibits a non-uniform orientation. In preferred embodiments, the polymerizable LC material exhibits a uniform planar or uniform homeotropic orientation.

[0361] The Friedel-Creagh-Kmetz rule states that the RM layer (γ RM ) and substrate (γ s By comparing the surface energies of the two components, it can be used to predict whether a mixture will have a planar or homeotropic orientation.

[0362] γ RM >γ s In this case, the reactive mesogenic compound exhibits homeotropic orientation, γ RM <γ sIn this case, the reactive mesogenic compound exhibits homogeneous orientation.

[0363] Without being constrained by theory, if the surface energy of the substrate is relatively low, the intermolecular forces between reactive mesogens become stronger than the forces across the RM-substrate interface. As a result, the reactive mesogens align perpendicular to the substrate (homeotropic orientation) to maximize the intermolecular forces.

[0364] Homeotropic orientation can also be performed using amphiphilic materials. Amphiphilic materials can be directly added to polymerizable LC materials, or the substrate can be treated with these materials in the form of a homeotropic orientation layer. The polar heads of the amphiphilic substances chemically bond to the substrate, while the hydrocarbon tails are oriented perpendicular to the substrate. Intermolecular interactions between the amphiphilic substance and the standard substance promote homeotropic orientation. Commonly used amphiphilic surfactants are as described above.

[0365] Another method used to promote homeotropic orientation involves corona discharge treatment of a plastic substrate to generate functional groups such as alcohols and ketones on the substrate surface. These polar groups can interact with polar groups present in RM or surfactants, thereby promoting homeotropic orientation.

[0366] When the surface tension of the substrate is greater than that of the standard material, forces across the interface become dominant. If the reactive mesogens are aligned parallel to the substrate, the interfacial energy is minimized, and the long axis of the standard material can interact with the substrate. One method to promote parallel orientation is to coat the substrate with a polyimide layer and rub it with a velvet cloth.

[0367] Other suitable planar oriented layers are known in the art, such as rubbing polyimide or alignment layers prepared by photoalignment, as described in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,602,661, U.S. Patent No. 5,389,698, or U.S. Patent No. 6,717,644.

[0368] In general, an overview of orientation techniques can be found, for example, in I. Sage, "Thermotropic Liquid Crystals," edited by G.G. Ray, John Wiley & Sons, 1987, pp. 75-77; and in T. Uchida and H. Seki, "Liquid Crystals - Applications and Uses Vol. 3," edited by B. Bahadur, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 1992, pp. 1-63. An overview of orientation materials and techniques can be found in J. Cognard, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Vol. 78, Supplement 1 (1981), pp. 1-77.

[0369] To produce the polymer film according to the present invention, the polymerizable compounds in the polymerizable LC material are polymerized or crosslinked (if one compound contains two or more polymerizable groups) in situ by photopolymerization.

[0370] Photopolymerization can be carried out in a single step. Furthermore, compounds that did not react in the first step can be photopolymerized or crosslinked in a second step ("terminate curing").

[0371] In a preferred preparation method, the polymerizable LC material is coated onto a substrate and then photopolymerized, for example by exposure to light irradiation, as described in International Publication 01 / 20394, British Patent No. 2,315,072, or International Publication 98 / 04651.

[0372] Photopolymerization of LC materials is preferably achieved by exposure to chemical radiation. Chemical radiation refers to irradiation with light such as ultraviolet, infrared, and visible light, irradiation with X-rays and gamma rays, or irradiation with high-energy particles such as ions and electrons. Preferably, polymerization is carried out by light irradiation, particularly with UV light. As a light source for chemical radiation, for example, a single UV lamp or a set of UV lamps can be used. When high lamp power is used, the curing time can be shortened. Another possible light source for light emission is a laser such as a UV laser, IR laser, or visible laser. Another possible light emission source is an LED lamp.

[0373] The curing time depends particularly on the reactivity of the polymerizable LC material, the thickness of the coating layer, the type of polymerization initiator, and the output of the UV lamp. The curing time is preferably 5 minutes or less, very preferably 3 minutes or less, and most preferably 1 minute or less. For mass production, a short curing time of 30 seconds or less is preferred.

[0374] A suitable UV radiation power is preferably 5 to 200 mW / cm². -2 Within the range of 50 to 175 mW / cm², more preferably 50 to 175 mW / cm². -2 Within this range, most preferably 100-150 mW / cm² -2 It is within the range.

[0375] As a function of time in relation to the applied UV radiation, a suitable UV dose is preferably 25 to 7200 mJcm². -2 Within the range of 100 to 7200 mJcm -2 Within this range, most preferably 200 to 7200 mJ / cm² -2 It is within the range.

[0376] Photopolymerization is preferably carried out under an inert gas atmosphere, preferably under a heated nitrogen atmosphere, but polymerization in air is also possible.

[0377] Photopolymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature of 1 to 70°C, more preferably 5 to 50°C, and even more preferably 15 to 30°C.

[0378] The polymerized LC film according to the present invention exhibits good adhesion to plastic substrates, particularly TAC, COP, and color filters. Therefore, it can be used as an adhesive or base coating for subsequent LC layers that would otherwise not adhere well to the substrate.

[0379] For optical applications of polymer films, they preferably have a thickness of 0.5 to 10 μm, very preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, and especially 0.5 to 3 μm.

[0380] The optical retardation (δ(λ)) of a polymer film is given by equation (7) below as a function of the wavelength of the incident light: δ(λ)=(2πΔn·d) / λ (7) In the equation, (Δn) is the birefringence of the film, (d) is the thickness of the film, and λ is the wavelength of the incident beam.

[0381] According to Snellius's law, birefringence as a function of the direction of the incident beam is defined as follows: Δn = sinΘ / sinΨ (8) In the formula, sinΘ is the angle of incidence to the film or the tilt angle of the optical axis, and sinΨ is This is the corresponding angle of reflection.

[0382] Based on these laws, birefringence, and consequently optical delay, depends on the film thickness and the tilt angle of the optical axis within the film (see Berek compensator). Therefore, those skilled in the art recognize that different optical retardations or different birefringences can be induced by adjusting the orientation of liquid crystalline molecules in a polymer film.

[0383] The birefringence (Δn) of the polymer film according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.4, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.3, and even more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.25.

[0384] The optical retardation as a function of the thickness of the polymer film according to the present invention is less than 200 nm, preferably less than 180 nm, and more preferably less than 150 nm.

[0385] Furthermore, the polymer film of the present invention can also be used as an alignment film for other liquid crystal or RM materials. For example, in an LCD, it can be used to induce or improve the orientation of a switchable liquid crystal medium, or to align a subsequent layer of polymerizable LC material coated thereon. In this way, a lamination of one or more optical films, preferably two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or ten or more, having different optical properties, or preferably polymerized LC films, more preferably polymerized CLC films, can be prepared.

[0386] In short, the polymerized LC film and polymerizable LC material according to the present invention are useful in optical elements such as liquid crystal displays or projection systems, decorative images, polarizers, compensators, alignment layers, circular polarizers or color filters for the preparation of liquid crystals or effect pigments, and in reflective films having spatially changing reflective colors, such as multicolor images for decorative, information storage or security applications, such as IDs or credit cards and banknotes.

[0387] The polymerized LC films according to the present invention can be used in transmissive or reflective displays. They can be used in conventional OLED displays or LCDs, particularly LCDs.

[0388] The present invention is described above and below with particular reference to preferred embodiments. It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therewith without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0389] Many of the compounds or mixtures described above and below are commercially available. All of these compounds are either publicly known or can be prepared under known reaction conditions suitable for the reactions described above by methods known in themselves and described in the literature (e.g., Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg-Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, etc.). Modifications known in themselves but not mentioned herein can also be used.

[0390] It will be understood that modifications are possible to the above-described embodiments of the present invention within the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, alternative features serving the same, equivalent, or similar purposes may replace each of the features disclosed herein. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, each disclosed feature is merely one example of a general set of equivalent or similar features.

[0391] All features disclosed herein can be combined in any combination, except for any combination in which at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. In particular, preferred features of the present invention are applicable to all aspects of the invention and can be used in any combination. Similarly, features described in non-essential combinations may be used separately (without combination).

[0392] Many of the features described above, and especially those of preferred embodiments, will be understood to be inventive not only as part of embodiments of the present invention but also in themselves. These features may be protected separately, either in addition to or in lieu of the claimed invention.

[0393] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but these examples are illustrative and do not limit the scope of the present invention. [Examples]

[0394] <Example 1> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0395] [Table 1]

[0396] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) to a solid content of 40%, and each is doped with the following surfactants to a solid content of 0.03%, and then divided into 15 parts.

[0397] [Table 2]

[0398] The mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 60°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer 6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ). After initial curing, each resulting film is visually inspected for CLC orientation and visible haze. If good CLC orientation is observed with the selected surfactant, an additional coat of the same formulation is applied on top according to the same method given above. After the second annealing step, each film is visually inspected for dewetting.

[0399] [Table 3]

[0400] O: Good (good orientation or no dewetting) X: Bad (bad CLC orientation / haze or some degree of dewetting) XX: Very bad (extremely dry)

[0401] <Example 2> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0402] [Table 4]

[0403] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) to a solid content of 40%, and each is doped with the following surfactants to a solid content of 0.03%, and then divided into 9 parts.

[0404] [Table 5]

[0405] Formulas C to Q from Example 1 are spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The film is annealed at 60°C for 60 seconds. The film is cured under N2 in a Light Hammer 6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0406] After initial curing, each film was visually inspected for CLC orientation and visible haze. If good CLC orientation was observed with the selected surfactant, formulation B(R~Z), doped with the corresponding surfactant, was coated on top using the same method as described above.

[0407] [Table 6]

[0408] These results clearly demonstrate that selecting Tego Twin4000 as the surfactant in the CLC formulation eliminates any dewetting problems in the second step, resulting in multilayer CLC with excellent orientation quality.

[0409] <Example 3 - Comparative Example> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0410] [Table 7]

[0411] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0412] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0413] [Table 8]

[0414] <Example 4> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0415] [Table 9]

[0416] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0417] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0418] [Table 10]

[0419] <Example 5> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0420] [Table 11]

[0421] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0422] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0423] [Table 12]

[0424] <Example 6> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0425] [Table 13]

[0426] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 100°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0427] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0428] [Table 14]

[0429] <Example 7> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0430] [Table 15]

[0431] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0432] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0433] [Table 16]

[0434] <Example 8> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0435] [Table 17]

[0436] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0437] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0438] [Table 18]

[0439] <Example 9> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0440] [Table 19]

[0441] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0442] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0443] [Table 20]

[0444] <Example 10> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0445] [Table 21]

[0446] The formulation is dissolved in MIBK until it reaches a 35% solids content, and the mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass that has been rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 90°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ).

[0447] After curing, the polymer film is visually inspected for CLC orientation. No crystallization or dewetting of the film is observed in any of the coated films. The film is measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth. The film thickness is measured using a Dektak Profilometer. These measurement results are shown in the table below.

[0448] [Table 22]

[0449] <Example 11> Prepare the following mixture according to the given table.

[0450] [Table 23]

[0451] [Table 24]

[0452] Each formulation is dissolved in MIBK to a 40% solids content. Each mixture is spin-coated onto polyimide glass rubbed at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds. The wet film is annealed at 100°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ). After initial curing, each film is visually inspected for CLC orientation and visible haze. After inspection, the polymer film obtained from formulation 11-A is overcoated with the mixture of formulation 11-B by spin-coating. The wet film of formulation 11-B is annealed at 100°C for 60 seconds and cured under N2 in a Light Hammer6 Fusion conveyor belt UV lamp (250 mJ). After initial curing, the resulting bilayer is visually inspected for CLC orientation and visible haze. The multilayer film was measured using a Shimadzu 3600 UV-Vis spectrophotometer to determine the reflection wavelength and reflection bandwidth.

[0453] [Table 25]

[0454] Film analysis reveals that it is possible to coat each layer with another CLC film on top, each possessing a wide bandwidth. Furthermore, as can be seen from the overlapping reflection bandwidths, there is no adverse effect on the reflective properties of each layer.

Claims

1. A polymerizable LC material comprising one or more reactive mesogenic compounds, one or more chiral compounds, and one or more compounds of formula I. 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R １ Each of these independently represents an alkyl group or an aryl group, but at least 80% of the group R １ It is a methyl group, R ２ They are, each independently of the other. (a) 【Chemistry 2】 During the ceremony, R ３ Each of these independently represents either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. R ４ Each of these independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl, or carboxyl group. c represents an integer between 1 and 20. d represents an integer from 1 to 50. e is a number from 0 to 50, or (b) 【Transformation 3】 During the ceremony, R ５ Each of these independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or carboxyl group, or optionally a dimethylpropane group containing an ether group. f represents an integer between 2 and 20, or (c) 【Chemistry 4】 During the ceremony, R ６ is a hydrogen, alkyl, or carboxyl group, g is a number between 2 and 6. h is a number between 0 and 20. i is a number between 1 and 50. j is a number between 0 and 10. k is a number between 0 and 10. To represent, or (d) Group R １ This corresponds to, However, in the average molecule, at least one group R ２ has the definition (a), where a is a number from 1 to 500 and b is a number from 0 to 10, provided that.)

2. The polymerizable LC material according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the compound of formula I is 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight.

3. A polymerizable LC material according to claim 1 or 2, comprising one or more reactive mesogens selected from formula RMT. 【Transformation 5】 (In the formula, P is a polymerizable group, Sp is a spacer group or a single bond. r2 and r3 are each independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. R １１ These are P-Sp-, alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy, and may be fluorinated. If A and B appear in multiple instances, they independently represent an aromatic or alicyclic group (which may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L), preferably 1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, bicyclooctylene, or 1,4-cyclohexylene, provided that one or two non-adjacent CH groups are present. ２ The groups may be replaced by O and / or S, where these groups are unsubstituted or substituted by one, two, three, or four L groups. L is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO ２ , -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR ｘ R ｙ , -C (=O) OR ｘ , -C(=O)R ｘ , -NR ｘ R ｙ -OH, -SF ５ Alternatively, a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl, -CN or a linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 6 C atoms. R ｘ and R ｙ Each of these represents an alkyl group having either H or 1 to 12 C atoms independently of each other. Z １１ and Z １２ If multiple occurrences occur, they are treated independently as -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR ００ -, -NR ００ -CO-, -NR ００ -CO-NR ０００ -, -NR ００ -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR ００ -, -OCH ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -SCH ２ -ien-CH ２ S-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CF ２ S-, -SCF ２ -ien-CH ２ CH ２ -, - (CH ２ ) ｎ１ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -ien-CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ -, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR ００ -, -CY １ =CY ２ -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, or single bond are represented. Y １ and Y ２ Each of these independently represents H, F, Cl, or CN. n is 1, 2, 3, or 4. m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. n1 is an integer between 1 and 10.

4. The polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the concentration of the compound of formula RMT is 40% to 99% by weight.

5. A polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising one or more compounds selected from formula DRM. 【Transformation 6】 (In the formula, P １ and P ２ These represent polymerizable groups independently of each other, Sp １ and Sp ２ These are spacer groups or single bonds, independently of each other. MG is a rod-shaped mesogenic group, and the group is preferably selected from formula MG. 【Transformation 7】 During the ceremony, A １ and A ２ If multiple groups exist, they independently represent aromatic or alicyclic groups, and these groups may contain one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S, and may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L. L is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO ２ , -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR ｘ R ｙ , -C (=O) OR ｘ , -C(=O)R ｘ , -NR ｘ R ｙ -OH, -SF ５ , substituted silyl, aryl or heteroaryl having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, and linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl. R ｘ and R ｙ Each of these represents an alkyl group having either H or 1 to 12 C atoms independently of each other. Z １ When there are a plurality of them, they are independently of each other -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR ００ -, -NR ００ -CO-, -NR ００ -CO-NR ０００ -, -NR ００ -CO-O-, -O-CO-NR ００ -, -OCH ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -SCH ２ -, -CH ２ S-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CF ２ S-, -SCF ２ -, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -(CH ２ ) ｎ１ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -, -CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ -, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR ００ -, -CY １ =CY ２ -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH- or a single bond, Y １ and Y ２ each independently represents H, F, Cl or CN, n is 1, 2, 3, or 4. n1 is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4. However, this is subject to the condition that compounds of formula RMT are excluded from compounds of formula DRM.

6. The polymerizable LC material according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the direactive or polyreactive reactive mesogen is 1% by weight to 60% by weight.

7. A polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising one or more compounds selected from formula MRM. 【Transformation 8】 (In the formula, P １ , Sp １ And MG has the meaning given in formula DRM, R is P-Sp-, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO ２ , -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)NR ｘ R ｙ , -C(=O)X, -C(=O)OR ｘ , -C(=O)R ｙ , -NR ｘ R ｙ -OH, -SF ５ , represents a substituted silyl, linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl. X is a halogen, preferably F or Cl. R ｘ and R ｙ Each of these is an alkyl group having H or 1 to 12 C atoms independently of each other. However, this is subject to the condition that compounds of formula RMT are excluded from compounds of formula MRM.

8. A polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising one or more reactive chiral compounds selected from compounds of formula CRMa to CRMc. 【Chemistry 9】 (In the formula, P ０＊ This represents the polymerizable group P, A ０ and B ０ If multiple instances occur, they are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, either unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three, or four of the groups L as defined above, independently of each other. X １ and X ２ These are, independently of each other, -O-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, or single bonds. Z ０＊ When multiple occurrences occur, they are treated independently as -COO-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, and -OCH. ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -ien-CH ２ CH ２ -, - (CH ２ ) ４ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -ien-CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH- or single bond, t is 0, 1, 2, or 3, each independently of the others. a is 0, 1, or 2. b is an integer from 0 to 12. z is either 0 or 1, However, the naphthalene ring in formula CRMa may be substituted with one or more identical or different groups L. However, L is independently F, Cl, CN, an alkyl halide, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

9. The polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the concentration of the chiral compound in the liquid crystal medium is 1 to 20% by weight.

10. A polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which may further contain one or more additives selected from the group consisting of surfactants, photoinitiators, stabilizers, catalysts, sensitizers, inhibitors, chain transfer agents, co-reaction monomers, reactive thinners, surface-active compounds, lubricants, wetting agents, dispersants, hydrophobic agents, adhesives, flow modifiers, degassing or defoaming agents, defoaming agents, diluents, reactive diluents, auxiliary agents, colorants, dyes, pigments, and nanoparticles.

11. A method for preparing a polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, A method comprising the step of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more reactive mesogenic compounds and one or more chiral compounds.

12. A method for preparing a polymer film, - A layer of polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is provided on a substrate, - Photopolymerize polymerizable LC material, and A method for removing the polymerized LC material from a substrate and / or providing it on another substrate.

13. A polymer film that can be obtained from a polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, - A step of providing a layer of polymerizable LC material on a substrate, - A process of photopolymerizing LC material, and A polymer film obtained by a method comprising the steps of removing the polymerized LC material from a substrate and / or providing it on another substrate.

14. Use in optical components of one or more polymer films according to claim 13 or polymerizable LC materials according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

15. An optical component comprising one or more polymer films according to claim 13 or a polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

16. Use of the optical component described in claim 15 in an electro-optical device.

17. An electro-optical device comprising an optical component according to claim 14, one or more polymer films according to claim 13, or a polymerizable LC material according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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