LCD Media

Abstract

We provide liquid crystal media. [Solution] The present invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media as defined in claim 1, their use for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, and in particular in LC displays, and LC displays comprising the LC media. The present invention particularly relates to LC media having improved response time, enabling energy-saving displays.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media and their use for optical, electro-optical, and electronic purposes, particularly in LC displays. [Background technology]

[0002] One of the liquid crystal display (LCD) modes currently in use is the TN ("twisted nematic") mode. However, TN LCDs have the disadvantage that contrast is highly dependent on the viewing angle.

[0003] In addition, so-called VA ("vertically aligned") displays with wider viewing angles are known. The LC cell of a VA display has an LC medium layer between two transparent electrodes, where the LC medium usually has negative dielectric anisotropy. When the switch is off, the molecules in the LC layer are oriented perpendicular to the electrode surface (homeotropic) or have a tilt homeotropic orientation. When a voltage is applied to the two electrodes, the LC molecules re-orient parallel to the electrode surface.

[0004] Furthermore, there are known displays called IPS ("in-plane switching") which have an LC layer between two substrates, in which the two electrodes are placed on only one of the two substrates and preferably have an interlocking comb-like structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field with a significant component parallel to the LC layer is generated between the electrodes. This causes the LC molecules to be reoriented in the layer plane.

[0005] Furthermore, so-called FFS ("fringe-field switching") displays have been reported (see SHJung et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, p. 1028 (Non-Patent Literature 1) in particular), which have two electrodes on the same substrate, one of which is comb-shaped and the other is unstructured. This generates a strong so-called "fringe field," that is, a strong electric field near the electrode ends, and an electric field with both strong vertical and strong horizontal components is generated across the cell. FFS displays have low contrast dependence on the viewing angle. FFS displays typically contain an LC medium with positive dielectric anisotropy and an orientation layer, usually a polyimide orientation layer, which results in a planar orientation with respect to the molecules of the LC medium.

[0006] FFS displays can be operated as either active-matrix displays or passive-matrix displays. In active-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated nonlinear active elements, such as transistors (e.g., thin-film transistors ("TFTs")), while in passive-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods known from the prior art.

[0007] Furthermore, FFS displays have been disclosed that have electrode designs and layer thicknesses similar to FFS displays, but instead of an LC medium layer having positive dielectric anisotropy, they have an LC medium layer having negative dielectric anisotropy (see, for example, SHLee et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 73 (No. 20), 1998, pp. 2882-2883 (Non-Patent Literature 2), and SHLee et al., Liquid Crystals Vol. 39 (No. 9), 2012, pp. 1141-1148 (Non-Patent Literature 3)). LC media with negative dielectric anisotropy exhibit a more preferable director orientation with smaller tilt and higher twist orientation compared to LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy, resulting in these displays having higher transmittance. The display further includes an orientation layer, preferably a polyimide orientation layer provided on at least one of the substrates, which is in contact with the LC medium and causes a planar orientation of the LC molecules in the LC medium. These displays are also known as "Ultra Brightness FFS (UB-FFS)" mode displays. These displays require highly reliable LC media.

[0008] In more recent types of VA displays, the uniform orientation of LC molecules is limited to a number of relatively small domains within the LC cell. Discrinciple may exist between these domains, also known as tilt domains. VA displays with tilt domains have a wider, contrast-independent viewing angle and more intermediate tones compared to conventional VA displays. In addition, this type of display is easier to manufacture and no longer requires further treatment of the electrode surface, such as rubbing, to uniformly orient molecules when switched on. Instead, the preferred direction of the tilt angle or pre-tilt angle is controlled by a special design of the electrodes.

[0009] In so-called MVA ("multidomain vertical alignment") displays, this is typically achieved by electrodes with protrusions, which causes localized pre-tilt. As a result, when voltage is applied, LC molecules are oriented parallel to the electrode surface in various directions and in various specified areas of the cell. This achieves "controlled" switching and prevents the formation of coherent disclination lines. While this arrangement improves the viewing angle of the display, it results in reduced light transmittance. Further development of MVA involves using protrusions on only one electrode side, while the opposite electrode has a slit, thereby improving light transmittance. The slitted electrode generates a non-uniform electric field within the LC cell when voltage is applied, which means that controlled switching is still achieved. The distance between the slit and the protrusion can be increased to further improve light transmittance, but this results in a longer response time. In so-called PVA ("patterned VA") displays, the protrusions are completely superfluous, with both electrodes structured by slits on opposite sides. This results in increased contrast and improved light transmission, but it is technically difficult, and the display becomes more sensitive to mechanical influences (such as "tapping"). However, many applications, such as monitors, especially television screens, require faster response times and improved contrast and brightness (transparency) of the display.

[0010] Further developments involve so-called PS ("polymer sustained") or PSA ("polymer sustained alignment") type displays, sometimes referred to as "polymer stabilized." In these displays, a small amount (e.g., 0.3% by weight, typically less than 1% by mass) of one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably polymerizable monomer compounds, is added to the LC medium. After filling the display with the LC medium, it is polymerized or crosslinked in situ, usually by ultraviolet photopolymerization, optionally while applying a voltage to the display electrodes. This polymerization is carried out at a temperature at which the LC medium exhibits a liquid crystal phase, usually at room temperature. Adding polymerizable mesogens or liquid crystal compounds, also known as reactive mesogens or "RM (reactive mesogen)," to the LC mixture has proven particularly appropriate.

[0011] On the other hand, the PS(A) principle is used in various conventional LC display modes. For example, PS-VA, PS-OCB, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, PS-UB-FFS, and PS-TN displays are known. Polymerization of RM is preferably carried out with voltage applied in the case of PS-VA and PS-OCB displays, and with or without voltage applied, preferably without charge, in the case of PS-IPS displays. As can be demonstrated in test cells, the PS(A) method results in pre-tilt within the cell. In the case of PS-VA displays, pre-tilt has a positive effect on response time. For PS-VA displays, standard MVA or PVA pixel and electrode layouts can be used. However, it is also possible to use a design without protrusions, for example, on one electrode side that is structured only, which significantly simplifies manufacturing and at the same time results in very good contrast and very good light transmittance.

[0012] PS-VA displays are described, for example, in European Patent Application Publication No. 1170626 (Patent Document 1), U.S. Patent No. 6,861,107 (Patent Document 2), U.S. Patent No. 7,169,449 (Patent Document 3), U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0191428 (Patent Document 4), U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793 (Patent Document 5), and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0103804 (Patent Document 6). PS-OCB displays are described, for example, in T.-J.-Chen et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. Vol. 45, 2006, pp. 2702-2704 (Non-Patent Document 4) and SH Kim, L.-C.-Chien, Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. Vol. 43, 2004, pp. 7643-7647 (Non-Patent Document 5). PS-IPS displays are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 6,177,972 (Patent Document 7) and in Appl. Phys. Lett. 1999, Vol. 75 (No. 21), p. 3264 (Non-Patent Document 6). PS-TN displays are described, for example, in Optics Express 2004, Vol. 12 (No. 7), p. 1221 (Non-Patent Document 7).

[0013] On one or both of the substrates forming the display cells beneath a layer formed by phase-separated polymerized RM that induces the aforementioned pre-tilt angle, a PSA display typically has an alignment layer, which gives the initial orientation of LC molecules before the polymer stabilization step. The alignment layer is usually applied on an electrode (if such an electrode exists) to induce the initial orientation of LC molecules in contact with the LC medium. The alignment layer may contain or consist of, for example, polyimide, may be rubbed, or may be prepared by a photo-alignment method.

[0014] Similar to the conventional LC displays described above, PSA displays can operate as either active-matrix displays or passive-matrix displays. In active-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated nonlinear active elements such as transistors (e.g., thin-film transistors ("TFTs")), while in passive-matrix displays, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods known from the prior art.

[0015] For monitors, and especially televisions, there is a continuing demand for optimization of LC display response time, as well as contrast and brightness (and therefore transmittance). Here, the PSA method can offer significant advantages. In particular, for PS-VA, PS-IPS, and PS-FFS displays, it is possible to achieve a reduction in response time correlated with measurable pre-tilt in the test cell without significant adverse effects on other parameters.

[0016] Another problem observed in prior art was that, when conventional LC media were used in LC displays, including but not limited to PSA type displays, unevenness often occurred in the display, especially when the LC media was filled into display cells manufactured using the one-drop filling (ODF) method. This phenomenon is also known as "ODF unevenness." Therefore, it is desirable to provide an LC media that leads to a reduction in ODF unevenness.

[0017] Another problem observed in the prior art is that LC media for use in PSA displays, including but not limited to PSA-type displays, often exhibit high viscosity, resulting in long switching times. To reduce the viscosity and switching time of the LC media, the prior art has suggested adding LC compounds containing alkenyl groups. However, LC media containing alkenyl compounds have often been observed to exhibit reduced reliability and stability, as well as a decrease in VHR, particularly after exposure to UV radiation. In particular, since the photopolymerization of RM in PSA displays is usually carried out by exposure to UV radiation, this can cause a decrease in VHR in the LC media, which is quite unfavorable for use in PSA displays.

[0018] Particularly from the perspective of mobile devices, there is a great demand for displays with high transmittance, which allows for the use of lower-intensity backlights, thus leading to longer battery life and, consequently, more sustainable products. Alternatively, displays with improved contrast and higher brightness can be achieved, especially in ambient light.

[0019] In addition, there is a great demand for PSA displays, and for LC media and polymerizable compounds used in such PSA displays, which enable a wide operating temperature range, high resistivity, short response time even at low temperatures, and low threshold voltage, low pre-tilt angle, numerous intermediate tones, high contrast and wide viewing angles, high reliability and high VHR after UV exposure, and, in the case of polymerizable compounds, low melting point and high solubility in LC host mixtures. For mobile applications, the availability of LC media exhibiting low threshold voltage and high birefringence is particularly desirable for PSA displays.

[0020] One trend in displays is achieving the fastest possible response time to obtain the best video quality. In this respect, media with negative dielectric anisotropy are inherently at a disadvantage compared to LC media with positive dielectric anisotropy. On the other hand, mixtures with negative dielectric anisotropy allow for higher transmittance in a standard FFS cell layout, and therefore their use has a positive impact on power consumption and the environment. In this art, it is necessary to achieve both fast response time and high transmittance. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0021] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 1170626 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 6,861,107 [Patent Document 3] U.S. Patent No. 7,169,449 [Patent Document 4] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0191428 [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793 [Patent Document 6] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0103804 [Patent Document 7] U.S. Patent No. 6,177,972 [Non-patent literature]

[0022] [Non-Patent Document 1] SHJung et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys., Volume 43, No. 3, 2004, Page 1028 [Non-Patent Document 2] SHLee et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 73 (No. 20), 1998, pp. 2882-2883 [Non-Patent Document 3] SHLee et al., Liquid Crystals Volume 39 (No. 9), 2012, pp. 1141-1148 [Non-Patent Document 4] T.-J-Chen et al., Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. Vol. 45, 2006, pp. 2702-2704 [Non-Patent Document 5] SHKim, L.-C-Chien, Jpn.J.Appl.Phys. Volume 43, 2004, pp. 7643-7647 [Non-Patent Document 6] Appl.Phys.Lett.1999, Volume 75 (No. 21), Page 3264 [Non-Patent Document 7] Optics Express 2004, Volume 12 (No. 7), Page 1221 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0023] Therefore, there remains a great demand for VA, FFS, or PSA displays and LC media optionally containing polymerizable compounds for use in VA, FFS, or PSA displays that do not exhibit the above-mentioned drawbacks, or have only minor drawbacks, and have improved properties.

[0024] The present invention aims to provide a novel and suitable LC medium that does not have, or has reduced, the above-mentioned drawbacks. [Means for solving the problem]

[0025] Surprisingly, it has been found that by using a liquid crystal medium containing one or more compounds of formula I as defined below, a liquid crystal medium can be realized that does not exhibit, or at least exhibits to a significantly reduced degree, the drawbacks of prior art materials, and preferably has a high negative Δε, a suitable phase range and Δn, and a high LTS.

[0026] The present invention relates to a) one or more compounds of formula I, and b) one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID, as a liquid crystal medium.

[0027] [ka]

[0028] During the ceremony, R 1 and R 2 This represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having the same or different H atoms, 1 to 15 C atoms, a linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 15 C atoms, or a branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups do not have O atoms directly linked to each other. [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. Z 1 This represents -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond, preferably -CH2O-, -C2H4- or a single bond, very preferably a single bond. L 1 and L 2 Each of these independently represents F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2, preferably F or Cl, and very preferably F. Y represents H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and very preferably H. [ka]

[0029] In the formula, R 2A , R 2B , R 2C and R 2D represent the same or different linear alkyl or alkoxy having H, 1 to 15 C atoms, linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 C atoms, or branched alkyl or alkoxy or alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged so that O atoms are not directly connected to each other,

Chemical formula

[0030] The present invention further relates to a method for preparing an LC medium as described above and below, comprising the step of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formula IIA, IIB, IIC and / or IID, optionally one or more chiral dopants, optionally one or more polymerizable compounds, and optionally further LC compounds and / or additives.

[0031] The present invention further relates to the use of LC media according to the present invention for electro-optical purposes, preferably in displays, very preferably VA, IPS, or FFS type displays, and especially in UB-FFS type displays.

[0032] The present invention further relates to the use of an LC medium in a PSA display, preferably in an electric or magnetic field, for generating a tilt angle in the LC medium by in-situ polymerization of a polymerizable reactive mesogen (RM) in the PSA display.

[0033] The present invention further relates to LC displays including the LC medium according to the present invention, particularly VA, IPS, FFS or UB-FFS or PSA displays, and especially preferably FFS, UB-FFS, VA or PS-VA displays.

[0034] The present invention further relates to the use of the LC medium according to the present invention in polymer-stabilized SA-VA displays, and to polymer-stabilized SA-VA displays comprising the LC medium according to the present invention.

[0035] The present invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an LC display as described above and below, comprising the steps of filling or otherwise providing an LC medium containing one or more polymerizable compounds as described above and below between substrates of a display, and optionally polymerizing the polymerizable compounds.

[0036] The LC medium according to the present invention exhibits the following advantageous characteristics, particularly when used in UB-FFS displays: • Excellent low-temperature stability (LTS, low-temperature stability) • Improved contrast ratio of the display • High transparency of the display, • High transparency temperature, • High voltage retention rate, • Low rotational viscosity, • Fast switch, • Sufficient stability against heat and / or UV rays, especially when used outdoors. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0037] In particular, the medium according to the present invention stands out for its high elastic constants K1 and K3, enabling displays with improved contrast, and preferably stands out for its low ratio γ1 / K1, resulting in fast switching and short response times.

[0038] The medium, when used particularly in displays equipped with inverse staggered thin-film transistors, enables the manufacture of LC displays without generating ODF unevenness.

[0039] The medium further stands out for its high stability against changes in liquid crystal composition due to evaporation of liquid crystal compounds in the manufacturing of liquid crystal display elements using the one-drop-filling (ODF) process.

[0040] The preferred compound of formula I is selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0041] [ka]

[0042] [ka]

[0043] [ka]

[0044] Alkyl and alkyl * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, alkenyl represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and cycloalkyl represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (in this group, the CH2 group is [ka] It is replaced by ), which preferably represents cyclopropyl, methylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, methylcyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, methylcyclopentyl, cyclopenta-1-enyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclobutylethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl or cyclopenta-1-enylmethyl. alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0045] A very preferred medium is a compound of formula I-2, in particular, where alkyl represents propyl, and alkyl * It contains compounds of formula I-2 where ethyl is represented.

[0046] Preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID are shown below.

[0047] [ka]

[0048] [ka]

[0049]

change

[0050]

change

[0051]

change

[0052]

change

[0053]

change

[0054]

change

[0055]

change

[0056]

change

[0057]

change

[0058]

change

[0059]

change

[0060] In the formula, the parameter a represents 1 or 2, and alkyl and alkyl * each independently represent a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0061] Very preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0062]

Chemical formula

[0063]

Chemical formula

[0064]

Chemical formula

[0065]

Chemical formula

[0066]

Chemical formula

[0067]

Chemical formula

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IID-7a.

[0069] [ka]

[0070] In the formula, the bases and parameters that appear have the meanings given above under formula IID, and R 2 teeth, [ka] This represents the equation where r is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and s is 1, 2, or 3.

[0071] Preferred compounds of formula IID-7a are compounds IID-7a-1 to IID-7a-14.

[0072] [ka]

[0073] [ka]

[0074] [ka]

[0075] A particularly preferred mixture according to the present invention includes one or more compounds of the formulas IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42, IIA-43, IIB-2, IIB-10, IIB-16, IIC-1, IID-1, and IID-7.

[0076] A preferred medium according to the present invention comprises at least one compound of formula IIC-1.

[0077] [ka]

[0078] In the formula, alkyl and alkyl * It has the meanings shown above.

[0079] In particular, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula IIA-2 selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0080] [ka]

[0081] Alternatively, preferably, in addition to the compounds of formulas IIA-2-1 to IIA-2-5, the medium contains one or more compounds of formulas IIA-2a-1 to IIA-2a-5.

[0082] [ka]

[0083] In particular, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula IIA-10 selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0084] [ka]

[0085] Alternatively, preferably, in addition to the compounds of formulas IIA-10-1 to IIA-10-5, the medium contains one or more compounds of formulas IIA-10a-1 to IIA-10a-5.

[0086] [ka]

[0087] In particular, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula IIB-10 selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0088] [ka]

[0089] Alternatively, preferably, in addition to the compounds of formulas IIB-10-1 to IIB-10-5, the medium contains one or more compounds of formulas IIB-10a-1 to IIB-10a-5.

[0090] [ka]

[0091] The medium according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula III.

[0092] [ka]

[0093] During the ceremony, R 31 and R 32 Each of these represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having H and 1 to 15 C atoms independently of each other, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged so that the O atoms are not directly bonded to each other. [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. A 31 Each of them appeared independently of the others. a) A 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene group, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups in the group may be replaced by -O- or -S-, b) A 1,4-phenylene group, in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, or c) Bases from the group of spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl and fluorene-2,7-diyl This represents, However, groups a), b), and c) may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with halogen atoms. n represents 0, 1, or 2, preferably 0 or 1. Z 31 Each of these independently represents -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond, and L 31 and L 32 Each of these independently represents F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2, preferably H or F, most preferably F, and W represents either O or S.

[0094] The compound of formula III is preferably selected from the compounds of formula III-1 and / or III-2.

[0095] [ka]

[0096] In the formula, the appearing bases have the same meaning as those given in formula III above, preferably R 31 and R 32 Each of these is an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having up to 15 C atoms independently of each other, and more preferably one or both of them represent an alkoxy group. L 11 and L 12These preferably represent F.

[0097] Preferably, the compound of formula III-1 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas III-1-1 to III-1-11, preferably III-1-6.

[0098] [ka]

[0099] [ka]

[0100] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, and alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, and alkoxy and alkoxy * Each represents a linear alkoxyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, L 31 and L 32 Each of these independently represents either F or Cl, preferably both representing F.

[0101] Preferably, the compound of formula III-2 is selected from the group of compounds of formula III-2-1 to III-2-10, preferably formula III-2-6.

[0102] [ka]

[0103] [ka]

[0104] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl *Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, and alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other, and alkoxy and alkoxy * Each represents a linear alkoxyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, L 31 and L 32 Each of these independently represents either F or Cl, preferably both representing F.

[0105] The medium may contain one or more compounds of formula IIIA-1 and / or IIIA-2.

[0106] [ka]

[0107] In the formula, L 31 and L 32 (O) has the same meaning as given in equation III above, where (O) represents O or a single bond. R IIIA This is an alkyl or alkenyl group having up to 7 C atoms or the Cy-C group. m H 2m+1 - represents, m and n are the same or different, and are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, preferably 1, 2, or 3, and very preferably 1. Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, which may be substituted with an alkyl or alkenyl group or halogen or CN, each having up to 3 C atoms, preferably representing cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl.

[0108] The compounds of formula IIIA-1 and / or IIIA-2 are included in the medium either as an alternative or additional to the compounds of formula III, preferably additionally.

[0109] The following are highly preferred compounds of formulas IIIA-1 and IIIA-2.

[0110] [ka]

[0111] [ka]

[0112] In the formula, alkoxy is a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4, or 5), preferably representing C2H4F.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-3.

[0114] [ka]

[0115] During the ceremony R 31 , R 32 -CH=CH- represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having the same or different H and 1 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] It may be replaced with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and in the group, one or more H atoms may be replaced with halogens. R 31 Preferably, represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms, and in the group, one or more CH2 groups are -CH=CH-. [ka] It can be replaced with, R31 Preferably, represents an alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, and in the group, one or more CH2 groups are -CH=CH-. [ka] It can be replaced with, and L 31 and L 32 Each of these independently represents either F or Cl, preferably both representing F.

[0116] The compound of formula III-3 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula III-3-1 to III-3-10.

[0117] [ka]

[0118] [ka]

[0119] In the formula, R 32 is an alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively -(CH2) n F (wherein n is 2, 3, 4, or 5), preferably representing C2H4F.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formulas III-4 to III-6, preferably formula III-5.

[0121] [ka]

[0122] In the formula, the parameter has the meaning given above, R 31 R preferably represents a linear alkyl group. 32Preferably, represents an alkoxy, each having 1 to 7 C atoms.

[0123] In a preferred embodiment, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I selected from the group of compounds of formula III-7 to III-9, preferably formula III-8.

[0124] [ka]

[0125] In the formula, the parameter has the meaning given above, R 31 R preferably represents a linear alkyl group. 32 Preferably, represents an alkoxy, each having 1 to 7 C atoms.

[0126] In preferred embodiments, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV.

[0127] [ka]

[0128] During the ceremony, R 41 This represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably an n-alkyl group, and particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms. R 42 This represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (both preferably having 2 to 5 carbon atoms), an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a vinyl group or a 1-propenyl group, particularly a vinyl group.

[0129] The compound of formula IV is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula IV-1 to IV-4.

[0130] [ka]

[0131] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl' independently represent alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Alkenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 carbon atoms. 'alkenyl' represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 to 3 carbon atoms. The term "alkoxy" represents an alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

[0132] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-1 and one or more compounds of formula IV-3.

[0133] The compound of formula IV-1 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula IV-1-1 to IV-1-5.

[0134] [ka]

[0135] The compound of formula IV-2 is preferably selected from the compounds of formulas IV-2-1 and IV-2-2.

[0136] [ka]

[0137] The compound of formula IV-3 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula IV-3-1 and IV-3-2.

[0138] [ka]

[0139] In the formula, alkyl has the meaning defined above and preferably represents n-propyl, n-butyl, or n-pentyl.

[0140] Compounds of formulas IV-3-1 and IV-3-2 are preferably selected from the following compounds.

[0141] [ka]

[0142] More preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises a compound selected from the compounds of formula IV-4, particularly formulas IV-4-1 and IV-4-2.

[0143] [ka]

[0144] In one embodiment, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula I selected from the compounds of formula I-1 to I-4, in combination with one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IA-1 to IA-9.

[0145] [ka]

[0146] [ka]

[0147] In the formula, alkyl represents methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, or n-pentyl.

[0148] The liquid crystal medium preferably includes one or more compounds of formula IVa.

[0149] [ka]

[0150] During the ceremony, R 41 and R 42 Each represents a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxy group having up to 12 C atoms independently of each other, and [ka] Z 4 These represent single bonds, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -C4H8-, and -CF=CF-.

[0151] Preferred compounds of formula IVa are shown below.

[0152] [ka]

[0153] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0154] The medium according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula IVa-1 and / or formula IVa-2.

[0155] The proportion of the compound of formula IVa in the whole mixture is preferably less than 5% by weight, and very preferably less than 2% by weight.

[0156] Preferably, the medium contains one or more compounds of formulas IVb-1 to IVb-3.

[0157] [ka]

[0158] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * Each represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, and alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0159] Of the compounds of formulas IVb-1 to IVb-3, the compound of formula IVb-2 is particularly preferred.

[0160] These are particularly preferred biphenyls.

[0161] [ka]

[0162] In the formula, alkyl * represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, preferably n-propyl, n-butyl, or n-pentyl, and very preferably n-propyl. The medium according to the present invention particularly preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula IVb-1-1 and / or IVb-2-3.

[0163] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V.

[0164] [ka]

[0165] During the ceremony, R 51 , R 52 This represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkenyloxy group. [ka] This represents, Z 51 , Z 52 These each independently represent -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO-, or a single bond, and n is either 1 or 2. However, compounds of formula CL are excluded from formula V.

[0166] The compound of formula V is preferably selected from the compounds of formulas V-1 to V-16.

[0167] [ka]

[0168] [ka]

[0169] In the formula, R 51 and R 52 R has the meaning shown in equation V above. 51 and R 52 Preferably, each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 linear carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, independently of each other.

[0170] A preferred medium comprises one or more compounds of formulas V-1, V-5, V-6, V-8, V-9, V-10, V-11, V-12, V-14, V-15 and / or V-16, and very preferably V-5 and / or V-6 and / or V-8.

[0171] Preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula CL.

[0172] [ka]

[0173] During the ceremony RL This represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having H, 1 to 15 C atoms, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged so that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other. [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and in the group, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogens. X L R represents F, Cl, CN, CHF2, CF3, OCF3, or is the same or different from R. L It has one of the meanings, Y L represents H, F, Cl, or CH3.

[0174] The compound of formula CL is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formulas CL-1, CL-2, and CL-3.

[0175] [ka]

[0176] During the ceremony, R L1 and R L2 The groups are identical or different and have the meanings given in formula I, preferably each representing an alkyl or alkenyl having 1 to 7 or 2 to 7 carbon atoms, where the CH2 group may be replaced by cyclopropane-1,2-diyl.

[0177] A highly preferred compound of formula I is selected from the compounds of formulas CL-3-1 to CL-3-12.

[0178] [ka]

[0179] [ka]

[0180] In preferred embodiments, the medium according to the present invention comprises compound CL-3-1.

[0181] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium further comprises one or more compounds of formulas VI-1 to VI-21.

[0182] [ka]

[0183] [ka]

[0184] [ka]

[0185] In the formula, R 6 (O) represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, (O) represents -O- or a single bond, m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. R preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, or pentoxy.

[0186] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium further comprises one or more compounds of formulas VII-1 to VII-9.

[0187] [ka]

[0188] [ka]

[0189] During the ceremony, R 7 This represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and w is an integer between 1 and 6.

[0190] Preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula VIII.

[0191] [ka]

[0192] During the ceremony, R 81 and R 82 This represents the same or different H, halogen, CN, SCN, a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, provided that one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged so that the oxygen atoms are not directly linked to each other. [ka] -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. A 0 , A 81 and A 81is, independently of one another, phenylene-1,4-diyl (in which one or two CH groups in the group may be replaced by N, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen, CN, CH3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2 or OCF3), cyclohexane-1,4-diyl (in which one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups in the group may be independently replaced by O and / or S, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F), cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl; Z 81 and Z 81 is, independently of one another, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -C2F4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH2-, -CH2CFH-, -CF2CFH-, -CFHCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C- or a single bond; n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, very preferably 0 or 1, particularly preferably 0; and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2, very preferably 1 or 2, particularly 1, provided that the compounds of formula I are excluded from formula VIII.

[0193] A in formula I 81 and A 81 are preferably phenylene-1,4-diyl (the group may also be mono- or polysubstituted by F), further cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, cyclohexenylene-1,4-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, very preferably phenylene-1,4-diyl (the group may also be mono- or polysubstituted by F) or cyclohexane-1,4-diyl.

[0194] Z in formula I 81 and Z 81 preferably represents -CF2O-, -OCF2- or a single bond, very preferably a single bond.

[0195] A in formula I 81 and A 81 are particularly preferably [Chemical formula] represents, where L represents halogen, CF3 or CN, preferably F.

[0196] R 81 and R 82 each independently represent H, F or alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl having 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5 C atoms, and each such group may be replaced by halogen, particularly F. Compounds of formula VIII are more preferred.

[0197] R 81 and R 82 preferably represent H, optionally fluorinated alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 7 C atoms, optionally fluorinated alkenyl or alkynyl having 2 to 7 C atoms, optionally fluorinated cycloalkyl having 3 to 12 C atoms.

[0198] Preferably R 81 and R 82 at least one of them is not H, particularly preferably neither R 81 and R 82 is H. R 81 is very particularly preferably alkyl. R 82 is more preferably H, alkyl or F. Very particularly preferably R 81 is alkyl and R 82 is H or alkyl. R 81 R 82 each independently very particularly preferably represents unbranched alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms. R81 and R 82 When representing an alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, or alkynyl that has been substituted, two groups R 81 and R 82 The total number of carbon atoms in the material is preferably less than 10.

[0199] A preferred compound of formula VIII is selected from the following sub-formulas, and more preferably from the compound of formula VIII-3.

[0200] [ka]

[0201] In the formula, R 81 and R 82 The above has the meanings shown, L represents F, and r, s, and t are independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. r is preferably 1 or 2, very preferably 2, and s and t are independently preferably 0 or 1, very preferably 0. 81 and R 82 In particular, it represents an n-alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms independently.

[0202] In a first very preferred embodiment, the compounds of formulas VIII-1 to VIII-6 are selected from the compounds of formulas VIII-1a to VIII-6a, particularly the compound of formula VIII-3a.

[0203] [ka]

[0204] In the formula, R 81 , R 82 L, r, and s have the meanings defined above.

[0205] In a second, very preferred embodiment, the compounds of formulas VIII-1 to VIII-6 are selected from the compounds of formulas VIII-1b to VIII-5b, particularly the compound of formula VIII-2b.

[0206] [ka]

[0207] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 L, r, and s have the meanings defined above.

[0208] In a third, very preferred embodiment, the compounds of formulas VIII-1 to III-6 are selected from the compounds of formulas III-1c to III-6c, particularly the compound of formula I3-c.

[0209] [ka]

[0210] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 L, r, and s have the meanings defined above.

[0211] In a fourth, very preferred embodiment, the compounds of formulas VIII-1 to VIII-6 are selected from the compounds of formulas VIII-1d to VIII-6d, particularly the compound of formula VIII-3d.

[0212] [ka]

[0213] In the formula, R 1 , R 2 L, r, and s have the meanings defined above.

[0214] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of formulas VIII-1a to VIII-6a and one or more compounds selected from the group of formulas VIII-1b to VIII-6b.

[0215] Very preferably, the medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula VIII-3a, VIII-2b, VIII-3c, and VIII-3d.

[0216] [ka]

[0217] In the formula, R 81 , R 82 L and r have the meanings defined above, and preferably r is 0.

[0218] The most preferred compounds of formula I include, in particular, one or more of the following:

[0219] [ka]

[0220] [ka]

[0221] [ka]

[0222] The following compounds of formula I may be used as substitutes or additions.

[0223] [ka]

[0224] [ka]

[0225] [ka]

[0226] [ka]

[0227] Further preferred embodiments are listed below.

[0228] a) A liquid crystal medium comprising at least one compound of formulas Z-1 to Z-8, very preferably Z-8.

[0229] [ka]

[0230] In the formula, R is R 1 It has the meaning shown in, preferably representing a linear alkyl, linear alkoxy or linear alkenyl, and Alkyl refers to an n-alkyl group that has 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0231] b) A preferred liquid crystal medium according to the present invention comprises, for example, one or more substances containing tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl units, such as compounds of formula N-1 to N-5.

[0232] [ka]

[0233] R in the formula 1N and R 2N Each of them is R independently of the others. 2A It has the meaning shown, and preferably represents a linear alkyl, linear alkoxy, or linear alkenyl. Z 1 and Z 2 These each independently represent -C2H4-, -CH=CH-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)3O-, -O(CH2)3-, -CH=CHCH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2-, or a single bond.

[0234] c) A preferred mixture comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of difluorodibenzochromane compounds of formula BC, chromanes of formula CR, and fluorinated phenanthrenes of formulas PH-1 and PH-2.

[0235] [ka]

[0236] During the ceremony, R B1 , R B2 , R CR1 , R CR2 , R 1 , R 2 Each of them is R independently of the others. 2A It has the meaning of and c is 0, 1, or 2. 1 and R 2 Preferably, each element represents an alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 6 C atoms independently of each other.

[0237] Particularly preferred compounds of formulas BC and CR are compounds BC-1 to BC-7 and CR-1 to CR-5.

[0238] [ka]

[0239] [ka]

[0240] During the ceremony, Alkyl and alkyl * Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. alkenyl and alkenyl * Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.

[0241] A mixture containing one, two, or three compounds of formula BC-2, BF-1, and / or BF-2 is very preferably preferred.

[0242] d) A preferred mixture comprises one or more indane compounds of formula In.

[0243] [ka]

[0244] During the ceremony, R 11 , R 12 and R 13 Each of these represents a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, or alkenyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. R 12 and R 13 This is represented by a halogen, preferably F, [ka] This represents, i represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0245] Preferred compounds of formula In are the compounds of formula In-1 to In-16 shown below.

[0246] [ka]

[0247] [ka]

[0248] [ka]

[0249] Compounds of formulas In-1, In-2, In-3, and In-4 are particularly preferred.

[0250] e) A preferred mixture includes one or more compounds of formulas L-1 to L-5.

[0251] [ka]

[0252] [ka]

[0253] [ka]

[0254] During the ceremony, R, R 1 and R 2 Each of these independently of the other in equation IIA is R 2A The meaning shown is as follows: alkyl represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The parameter s represents 1 or 2.

[0255] The compounds of formulas L1 to L9 are preferably used at a concentration of 5 to 15% by weight, particularly 5 to 12% by weight, and very preferably 8 to 10% by weight.

[0256] f) A preferred mixture includes one or more compounds of formula IIA-Y in addition.

[0257] [ka]

[0258] R in the formula 11 and R 12 In equation IIA above, R 2A It has one of the meanings given to L 1 and L 2 These represent F or Cl, either identical or different.

[0259] The preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0260] [ka]

[0261] [ka]

[0262] Alkyl and Alkyl * Each of these independently represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Alkoxy represents a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and Alkenyl and Alkenyl * Each represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms independently of each other, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. * Preferably, CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0263] Particularly preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the group consisting of the following sub-formulas.

[0264] [ka]

[0265] In the formula, Alkoxy and Alkoxy * The terms have the meanings defined above, and preferably represent methoxy, ethoxy, n-propyloxy, n-butyloxy, or n-pentyloxy.

[0266] The medium according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas PI and PII.

[0267] [ka]

[0268] During the ceremony, R 2 and R 3 This includes H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms (however, in these groups, one or more CH2 groups are arranged so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other). [ka] It may be replaced with -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogens. ), preferably it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 C atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 C atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 9 C atoms (one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with F). [ka] They are independent of each other, [ka] This represents, L 21 , L 22 , L 31 and L 32 Each of these independently represents either H or F. Y 2 and Y 3 These represent H or CH3, whether identical or different. X 2 and X 3 Each of these independently represents a halogen, an alkyl or alkoxy halide having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy halide having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, preferably F, Cl, CF3, OCF3, or OCHF2, more preferably F or OCF3, and especially F. Z3 -CH2CH2-, -CF2CF2-, -COO-, trans--CH=CH-, trans-CF=CF-, -CH2O- or single bond, and l, m, n, and o are each independently 0 or 1. However, compounds of formula CL are excluded from formula PII.

[0269] The compound of formula PI preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula II selected from the group of compounds of formulas PI-1 to PI-3, and more preferably from the group of compounds of formulas PI-1 and PI-3, particularly PI-3.

[0270] [ka]

[0271] In the formula, each group that appears has the meaning given in the above formula PI, and in formula PI-1, the group L 23 and L 24 Each represents H or F independently of each other and other parameters, and preferably in formula PI-2, [ka] It represents.

[0272] In formulas PI-1, PI-2, and PI-3, L 21 and L 22 or L 23 and L 24 It is preferable that both represent F.

[0273] In another preferred embodiment of formulas PI-1 and PI-2, L 21 , L 22 , L 23 and L 24 All of these represent F.

[0274] The compound of formula PI-1 is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formulas PI-1a to PI-1h.

[0275] [ka]

[0276] [ka]

[0277] In the formula, each base that appears has the meaning given above.

[0278] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium is L 21 and L 22 Furthermore / or L 23 and L 24 It comprises one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula PI-1a to PI-1h, where each of them is F. In another preferred embodiment, the medium is L 21 , L 22 , L 23 and L 24 It contains one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented by formulas PI-1a to PI-1h, where all of the values ​​represent F.

[0279] This is a very preferred compound of formula PI-1.

[0280] [ka]

[0281] In the formula, R 2 It has the meaning given above.

[0282] Preferably, the compound of formula PI-2 is selected from the group of compounds of formula PI-2a to PI-2c.

[0283] [ka]

[0284] In the formula, each appearing group has the meaning given above, preferably L21 and L 22 All of them are F.

[0285] Preferably, the compound of formula PI-3 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas PI-3a to PI-3e.

[0286] [ka]

[0287] In the formula, each base that appears has the meaning given above.

[0288] Preferably L 21 and L 22 Both are F, and L 23 and L 24 Both are H, or L 21 , L 22 , L 23 , L 24 All of them are F.

[0289] This is a very preferred compound of formula PI-3.

[0290] [ka]

[0291] In the formula, R 2 It has the meaning given above.

[0292] The preferred compound of formula PI above may be replaced by, or in addition to, the medium may contain one or more compounds of formula PI selected from the compounds of formulas PIA-1 to PIA-7.

[0293] [ka]

[0294] [ka]

[0295] [ka]

[0296] [ka]

[0297] [ka]

[0298] In the formula, R 2 and X 2 It has the meaning given by formula PI or one of the preferred meanings given by above and below.

[0299] Preferred compounds are those of formulas PIA-1, PIA-2, and PIA-3, with PIA-1 and PIA-2 being particularly preferred, as are PIA-8, PIA-11, PIA-13, PIA-23, PIA-26, and PIA-27.

[0300] In compounds of formulas PIA-1 to PIA-28, R 2 X preferably represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably ethyl or propyl, and 2 represents preferably F or OCF3, and very preferably F.

[0301] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium preferably comprises one or more compounds of formula PII selected from the group of formulas PII-1 and PII-2, preferably formula PII-2.

[0302] [ka]

[0303] In the formula, the bases and parameters that appear have the respective meanings given in equation PII above.

[0304] Preferably, the compound of formula PII-1 is selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-1a and formula PII-1b.

[0305] [ka]

[0306] In the formula, each base that appears has the meaning given above, L 33 and L 34 Each of these independently represents either H or F.

[0307] The compound of formula PII-1a is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-1a-1 to PII-1a-6.

[0308] [ka]

[0309] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0310] Preferably, the compound of formula PII-2 is selected from the group of compounds of formulas PII-2a to PII-2m.

[0311] [ka]

[0312] [ka]

[0313] [ka]

[0314] In the formula, each base that appears has the meaning given above, L 35and L 36 These represent either H or F independently.

[0315] Preferably, the compound of formula PII-2a is selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2a-1 to PII-2a-4.

[0316] [ka]

[0317] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0318] The compound of formula PII-2b is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2b-1 and PII-2b-2, preferably PII-2b-2.

[0319] [ka]

[0320] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0321] The compound of formula PII-2c is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2c-1 to PII-2c-5.

[0322] [ka]

[0323] [ka]

[0324] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0325] Compounds of formula PII-2d and PII-2e are preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2d-1 and PII-2e-1.

[0326] [ka]

[0327] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0328] The compound of formula PII-2f is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2f-1 to PII-2f-4.

[0329] [ka]

[0330] The compound of formula PII-2g is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2g-1 to PII-2g-7.

[0331] [ka]

[0332] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0333] The compound of formula PII-2h is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2h-1 to PII-2h-5.

[0334] [ka]

[0335] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0336] The compound of formula PII-2i is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2i-1 to PII-2i-3.

[0337] [ka]

[0338] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0339] The compound of formula PII-2j is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2j-1 to PII-2j-3.

[0340] [ka]

[0341] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0342] The compound of formula PII-2k is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2k-1 to PII-2k-6.

[0343] [ka]

[0344] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0345] The compound of formula PII-2l is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2l-1 to PII-2l-6.

[0346] [ka]

[0347] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0348] The compound of formula PII-2m is preferably selected from the group of compounds of formula PII-2m-1.

[0349] [ka]

[0350] Alternatively, or in addition to compounds of formula PII-1 and / or PII-2, the medium according to the present invention optionally comprises one or more compounds of formula PII-3.

[0351] [ka]

[0352] In the formula, the base and parameter have the respective meanings given in equation PII above.

[0353] Preferably, it is formula PII-3a.

[0354] [ka]

[0355] In the formula, R 3 It has the meaning given above.

[0356] Preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises a compound selected from the group of compounds of formulas ST-1 to ST-19, and very preferably ST-3.

[0357] [ka]

[0358] [ka]

[0359] [ka]

[0360] [ka]

[0361] [ka]

[0362] During the ceremony R ST -CH=CH- represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having H and 1 to 15 C atoms, provided that in addition, one or more CH2 groups in these groups are arranged such that the O atoms are not directly linked to each other, such as -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, [ka] -O-, -CO-O-, and -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and in the group, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogens. [ka] In each appearance, they are the same or different. [ka] This represents, Z ST These each independently represent -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, or a single bond. L 1 and L 2 Each of these independently represents F, Cl, CH3, CF3, or CHF2. p represents 0, 1, or 2. q represents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

[0363] Among the compounds of formula ST, the compound of formula ST-3 and the one shown below are particularly preferred.

[0364] [ka]

[0365] [ka]

[0366] [ka]

[0367] [ka]

[0368] [ka]

[0369] In the compounds of formulas ST-3a and ST-3b, n preferably represents 3. In the compound of formula ST-2a, n preferably represents 7.

[0370] A particularly preferred mixture according to the present invention comprises one or more stabilizers from the group of compounds of formula ST-2a-1, ST-3a-1, ST-3b-1, ST-8-1, ST-9-1, and ST-12.

[0371] [ka]

[0372] [ka]

[0373] Preferably, the medium contains one or more compounds of formula S.

[0374] [ka]

[0375] During the ceremony, Ar represents a methylene group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms or a heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms; preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms; Sp represents a spacer group; R S H represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms; Z S -O-, -C(O)O-, -(CH2) z -or-(CH2) z O- or represents a single bond; HA is [ka] It represents; R H H, O · , CH3, OH or OR S It represents; R S1 , R S2 , R S3 and R S4 This represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 identical or different carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and very preferably CH3; G is either H or R S or base Z S - Represents HA; z is an integer from 1 to 6; and q is 2, 3, or 4, preferably 3 or 4.

[0376] In formula S, aryl represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 40 carbon atoms, and includes one, two, three, or four aromatic rings, which may be bonded directly or via alkylene linking groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or by CN, CF3, or halogens, and one or more CH2 groups in the group may be independently replaced by -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(C1~C4-alkyl)-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CH=CH-, or -C≡C-, such that the O or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other.

[0377] Preferred aryl groups are benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, biphenyl, m-terphenyl, p-terphenyl, and (phenylalkyl)benzene, where the alkyl is a linear alkyl having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0378] In a preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention has a parameter q of 3 and G is based on Z. S Contains compounds with formula S representing -HA.

[0379] In another preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention has a parameter q of 4 and G of H or R S It includes compounds represented by formula S.

[0380] The compound of formula S is preferably selected from the compounds of formulas S-1, S-2, and S-3.

[0381] [ka]

[0382] [ka]

[0383] During the ceremony, R H This has the meaning given above, preferably H or O · It represents; Sp represents the same or different spacer groups in each occurrence. W represents an alkylene that is linear or branched and optionally unsubstituted, having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and one or more non-adjacent -CH2- groups in the group may be replaced by -O-.

[0384] The preferred compound of formula S-1 is selected from the compounds of formula S-1-1.

[0385] [ka]

[0386] In the formula, R H The above has the meaning, preferably H or O · This represents n being an integer between 0 and 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0387] The preferred compound of formula S-2 is selected from the compounds of formula S-2-1.

[0388] [ka]

[0389] In the formula, R H The above has the meaning, preferably H or O · R represents, and n2 is the same or different in each occurrence, preferably the same integer from 0 to 12, preferably 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, very preferably 3, and R S Each occurrence represents an alkyl group having the same or different carbon atoms, preferably the same, and preferably n-butyl, with 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0390] The preferred compound of formula S-3 is selected from the compounds of formula S-3-1.

[0391] [ka]

[0392] In the formula, R H The above has the meaning, preferably H or O · This represents n being an integer between 0 and 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0393] The compounds of formulas ST-1 to ST-18 are preferably present in the liquid crystal mixture according to the present invention in an amount of 0.005 to 0.5% of the mixture, based on the composition of the mixture.

[0394] If the mixture according to the present invention contains two or more compounds from the group of compounds of formula ST-1 to ST-18, the concentration increases accordingly, based on the mixture, to 0.01 to 1% in the case of two compounds.

[0395] However, it is preferable that the total proportion of compounds of formulas ST-1 to ST-18 based on the mixture according to the present invention does not exceed 2%.

[0396] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention, also referred to herein as a liquid crystal host mixture, is suitable for use in polymer-stabilized displays. For this purpose, the medium according to the present invention may contain one or more polymerizable compounds of formula P.

[0397] [ka]

[0398] In the formula, each element is independent of the others, and in each instance they are identical or different. P represents a polymerizable group, Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond. A 1 , A 2The group is an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group, preferably having 4 to 25 ring atoms, and the group may also include a fused ring, and the group is unsubstituted, monosubstituted, or polysubstituted with L. Z 1 -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, -CH2-CH2-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH2-CH2-, -CR 0 R 00 -or represents a single bond, R 0 , R 00 This represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 12 C atoms. R represents H, L, or P-Sp-, L represents a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having F, Cl, -CN, P-Sp-, or 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other independently, and one or more H atoms may be replaced with P-Sp-, F, or Cl. z is 0, 1, 2, or 3, and n1 is 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0399] As used in this book, the term "reliability" refers to the quality of a display's performance over time, encompassing various stress loads such as light load, temperature, humidity, and voltage, as well as display effects known to those skilled in the art in the field of liquid crystal displays, such as image fixation (area and line image fixation), unevenness, and blemishes. A standard parameter used to classify reliability is typically the voltage holding ration (VHR), which is a measure of maintaining a constant electrical voltage in a test display. A high VHR is a prerequisite for high reliability of the LC medium.

[0400] From here on, unless otherwise specified, the term "PSA" will be used to refer to polymer-maintained orientation displays in general, and the term "PS" will be used to refer to specific display modes such as PS-VA and PS-TN.

[0401] As used herein, the terms “active layer” and “switchable layer” refer to layers in electro-optical displays, such as LC displays, that contain one or more molecules having structural and optical anisotropy, such as LC molecules, whose orientation changes in response to external stimuli, such as electric or magnetic fields, resulting in a change in the transparency of the layer to polarized or unpolarized light.

[0402] As used herein, the terms “tilt” and “tilt angle” mean the tilted orientation of LC molecules in an LC medium relative to the cell surface in an LC display (preferably a PSA display). In this specification, the tilt angle means the average angle (less than 90°) between the molecular long axis (LC director) of the LC molecule and the surface of the flat, parallel outer plate forming the LC cell. In this specification, a low tilt angle (i.e., far from 90°) corresponds to a large tilt. Appropriate methods for measuring the tilt angle are given in the examples. Unless otherwise indicated, the tilt angle values ​​disclosed above and below refer to this measurement method.

[0403] As used herein, the terms “reactive mesogen” and “RM (reactive mesogen)” are understood to mean a compound containing a mesogen or liquid crystal skeleton and one or more functional groups linked to that skeleton and suitable for polymerization, and the functional group is also referred to as a “polymerizable group” or “P”.

[0404] Unless otherwise specified, the term "polymerizable compound" in this specification shall be understood to mean a polymerizable monomer compound.

[0405] As used herein, the term "low molecular weight compound" is understood to mean a monomer and / or a compound not prepared by polymerization, as opposed to "polymer compound" or "polymer."

[0406] As used herein, the term "non-polymerizable compound" is understood to mean a compound that does not contain functional groups suitable for polymerization under the conditions normally applied for the polymerization of RM.

[0407] As used herein, the term “mesogenic group” refers to a group known to those skilled in the art and documented in the literature, which, due to the anisotropy of its attractive and repulsive interactions, essentially contributes to the formation of a liquid-crystalline (LC) phase in low-molecular-weight or high-molecular-weight materials. Compounds containing mesogenic groups (mesogenic compounds) do not necessarily have an LC phase themselves. It is also possible for mesogenic compounds to exhibit LC phase behavior only after mixing with other compounds and / or polymerization. Typical mesogenic groups are, for example, rigid rod-shaped or disc-shaped units. An overview of the terms and definitions used with respect to mesogenic or LC compounds is given in Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, Vol. 73 (No. 5), p. 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, Vol. 116, pp. 6340–6368.

[0408] As used herein, the terms “optically active” and “chiral” are synonymous with materials that can induce a helical pitch in a nematic host material, and are also referred to as “chiral dopant.”

[0409] As used herein, the term “spacer group” is also referred to as “Sp” above and below, and is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, see, for example, Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, vol. 73(5), p. 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. 2004, vol. 116, pp. 6340–6368. As used herein, the term “spacer group” or “spacer” means a flexible group, such as an alkylene group, that links a mesogenic group and one or more polymerizable groups in a polymerizable mesogenic compound.

[0410] Similarly, in the compound of formula I, the spacer group is linked to the optically active central hydrocarbon group, stabilizing the hindered amine functional group.

[0411] Above and below, [ka] This represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene ring.

[0412] basis [ka] In this example, the single bond between the two ring atoms can be linked to any unbonded position on the benzene ring.

[0413] In the above and below, "organic group" refers to a carbon or hydrocarbon group.

[0414] The term "carbon group" refers to a monovalent or polyvalent organic group containing at least one carbon atom, which may either contain no further atoms (e.g., -C≡C-) or may contain one or more further atoms (e.g., carbonyl), such as N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge. The term "hydrocarbon group" refers to a carbon group that additionally contains one or more H atoms and may contain one or more heteroatoms, such as N, O, S, B, P, Si, Se, As, Te, or Ge.

[0415] "Halogen" represents F, Cl, Br, or I, preferably F or Cl.

[0416] -CO-, -C(=O)-, and -C(O)- are carbonyl groups, i.e., [ka] It represents.

[0417] The carbon or hydrocarbon group may be either saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated groups include, for example, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl groups. Carbon or hydrocarbon groups having more than three C atoms may be linear, branched, and / or cyclic, and may also contain spirolinks or fused rings.

[0418] Furthermore, terms such as "alkyl," "aryl," and "heteroaryl" also encompass polyvalent groups, such as alkylenes, arylenes, and heteroarylenes.

[0419] The term "aryl" refers to an aromatic carbon group or a group derived therefrom. The term "heteroaryl" refers to an "aryl" as defined above, containing one or more heteroatoms (preferably selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si, and Ge).

[0420] Preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy and alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 20, and particularly preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which may be substituted; aryl or aryloxy groups having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms, which may be substituted; or alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkylaryloxy, arylalkyloxy, arylcarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyloxy and aryloxycarbonyloxy groups having 5 to 30, preferably 6 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more carbon atoms may be replaced by heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, Se, Te, Si, and Ge.

[0421] Further preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are C1~C 20 Alkyl, C2~C 20 Alkenyl, C2~C 20 Alkinyl, C3~C 20 Allyl, C4~C 20 Alkyldienyl, C4~C 20 Polyenyl, C6~C 20 Cycloalkyl, C4~C 15 Cycloalkenyl, C6~C 30 Aryl, C6~C 30 Alkylaryl, C6~C 30 Arylalkyl, C6~C 30 Alkylaryloxy, C6~C 30 Arylalkyloxy, C2~C 30 Heteroaryl, C2~C 30 It is a heteroaryloxy.

[0422] C1~C 12 Alkyl, C2~C 12 Alkenyl, C2~C 12 Alkinyl, C6~C 25 Aryl and C2~C 25 Heteroaryls are particularly preferred.

[0423] Further preferred carbon and hydrocarbon groups are linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12 C atoms, the group being unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently linked to each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to one another, and each is -C(R x )=C(R x )-, -C≡C-, -N(R x )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- should be replaced with these.

[0424] R x Preferably, represents H, F, Cl, CN, a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl chain having 1 to 25 carbon atoms (wherein one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl), or an aryl or aryloxy group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, which may be substituted, or a heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, which may be substituted.

[0425] Preferred alkyl groups include, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, dodecanyl, trifluoromethyl, perfluoro-n-butyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, perfluorooctyl, and perfluorohexyl.

[0426] Preferred alkenyl groups include, for example, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, and cyclooctenyl.

[0427] Preferred alkynyl groups include, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, and octinyl.

[0428] Preferred alkoxy groups include, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, 2-methoxyethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptoxy, n-octoxy, n-nonoxy, n-decoxy, n-undecoxy, and n-dodecoxy.

[0429] Preferred amino groups include, for example, dimethylamino, methylamino, methylphenylamino, and phenylamino.

[0430] The aryl and heteroaryl groups may be monocyclic or polycyclic; that is, they may contain one ring (e.g., phenyl) or two or more rings, and the group may be condensed (e.g., naphthyl) or covalently linked (e.g., biphenyl), or may contain a combination of condensed and linked rings. The heteroaryl group preferably contains one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N, S, and Se.

[0431] Monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic aryl groups having 6 to 25 carbon atoms and monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic heteroaryl groups having 5 to 25 ring atoms are particularly preferred, and these groups may contain fused rings or be substituted. Furthermore, 5-membered, 6-membered, or 7-membered aryl and heteroaryl groups are preferred, however, one or more CH groups may be replaced with N, S, or O such that the O atoms and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other.

[0432] Preferred aryl groups include, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, [1,1':3',1”]terphenyl-2'-yl, naphthyl, anthracene, binaphthyl, phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, pyrene, dihydropyrene, chrysene, perylene, tetracene, pentacene, benzopyrene, fluorene, indene, indenofluorene, and spirobifluorene.

[0433] Preferred heteroaryl groups include, for example, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, furan, thiophene, selenofen, oxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4- Five-membered rings such as thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, and 1,3,4-thiadiazole; six-membered rings such as pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,3-triazine, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, and 1,2,3,5-tetrazine; or indole, isoindole, indidine, indazole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, pli Naphthymidazole, phenanthroidazole, pyridymidazole, pyrazineimidazole, quinoxalineimidazole, benzoxazole, naphthoxazole, anthroxazole, phenanthroxazole, isoxazole, benzothiazole, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, quinoline, isoquinoline, pteridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, benzo- Condensation groups such as soquinoline, acridine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, benzopyridazine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, phenazine, naphthyridine, azacarbazole, benzocarbolin, phenantholidine, phenanthroline, thieno[2,3b]thiophene, thieno[3,2b]thiophene, dithienothiophene, isobenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, benzothiadiazothiophene; or combinations thereof.

[0434] Furthermore, the aryl and heteroaryl groups described above and below may be substituted with alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, fluorine, fluoroalkyl, or further aryl or heteroaryl groups.

[0435] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include both saturated rings, i.e., those containing exclusively single bonds, and partially unsaturated rings, i.e., those which may also contain multiple bonds. Heterocyclic rings preferably contain one or more heteroatoms selected from Si, O, N, S, and Se.

[0436] (Non-aromatic) alicyclic and heterocyclic groups may be monocyclic, i.e., containing only one ring (e.g., cyclohexane), or polycyclic, i.e., containing multiple rings (e.g., decahydronaphthalene or bicyclooctane). Saturated groups are particularly preferred. Furthermore, monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic groups having 5 to 25 ring atoms are preferred, and these groups may contain fused rings or be substituted. Furthermore, 5-membered, 6-membered, 7-membered, or 8-membered carbocyclic groups are preferred, provided that one or more C atoms are replaced by Si, and / or one or more CH groups are replaced by N, and / or one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are replaced by -O- and / or -S-.

[0437] Preferred alicyclic and heterocyclic groups include, for example, five-membered groups such as cyclopentane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiofuran, and pyrrolidine; six-membered groups such as cyclohexane, silinane, cyclohexene, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrothiopyran, 1,3-dioxane, 1,3-dithiane, and piperidine; seven-membered groups such as cycloheptane; and condensation groups such as tetrahydronaphthalene, decahydronaphthalene, indane, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, and octahydro-4,7-methanoindan-2,5-diyl.

[0438] Preferred substituents include, for example, dissolution-promoting groups such as alkyl or alkoxy groups, electron-withdrawing groups such as fluorine, nitro or nitrile groups, or substituents that increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) in the polymer, particularly bulky groups such as t-butyl or optionally substituted aryl groups.

[0439] Preferred substituents are referred to as "L" below. S It is also called, for example, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2, -C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x , -N(R x )2. A linear or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 25 C atoms each (wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F or Cl), a silyl having 1 to 20 Si atoms which may be substituted, or an aryl having 6 to 25, preferably 6 to 15 C atoms which may be substituted.

[0440] In the formula, R x represents an alkyl chain having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, such that the O- and / S- atoms are not directly linked to each other, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced with F, Cl, P- or P-Sp-, and Y 1 This represents halogen.

[0441] "Substituted silyl or aryl" is preferably a halogen, -CN, R 0 , -OR 0 ,-CO-R 0 , -CO-OR 0 ,-O-CO-R 0 or -O-CO-OR 0This means substitution by R, however, 0 represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 20 C atoms.

[0442] Particularly preferred substituents L include, for example, F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5, and phenyl.

[0443] A 1 and A 2 Very preferably [ka] This represents, where L has one of the meanings shown above, and r represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, in particular [ka] It represents.

[0444] The polymerizable group P is suitable for polymerization reactions such as free radical or ionic chain polymerization, polyaddition or polycondensation, or for polymer-like reactions such as addition or condensation onto a polymer backbone. Groups for chain polymerization, particularly those containing a C=C double bond or a C≡C triple bond, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as oxetane or epoxide groups, are especially preferred.

[0445] The preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-, [ka] CH2=CW 2 -(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-, CH2=CW 1-CO-NH-, CH3-CH=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -, HS-CW 2 W 3 -, HW 2 N-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH-, HOOC-, OCN- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Selected from the group consisting of Si-, in the formula, W 1 This represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH3, and W 2 and W 3 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 5 C atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, and W 4 , W 5 and W 6 Each of these independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, and W 7 and W 8 k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms; Phe represents 1,4-phenylene which may be substituted with one or more groups L as defined above, other than P-Sp-; k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0446] A very preferred group P is CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-, [ka] CH2=CW 2 -O-, CH2=CW 2 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -, CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Selected from the group consisting of Si-, in the formula, W 1 This represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, in particular H, F, Cl or CH3, and W 2 and W 3 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having H or 1 to 5 C atoms, particularly H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, and W 4 , W 5 and W 6 Each of these independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl having 1 to 5 C atoms, and W 7 and W 8 k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent H, Cl, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms, Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, k1, k2, and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0447] A particularly preferred group P is CH2=CW 1-CO-O-, in particular CH2=CH-CO-O-, CH2=C(CH3)-CO-O- and CH2=CF-CO-O-, furthermore CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-CO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, [ka] Select from the group consisting of [the specified characters].

[0448] A more preferred polymerizable group P is selected from the group consisting of vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide groups, and most preferably selected from acrylate and methacrylate.

[0449] When the spacer group Sp is different from the single bond, Sp is preferably of the formula Sp"-X", where Sp" and X" have the following meanings, such that each group P-Sp- corresponds to the formula R-Sp"-X"-.

[0450] Sp'' represents a linear or branched alkylene having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 12, carbon atoms, the group may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, except that one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently -O-, -S-, -NH-, -N(R) such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other. 0 )-,-Si(R 0 R 00 )-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N(R 00 )-CO-O-,-O-CO-N(R 0 )-,-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 )-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- may also be used as substitutes. “X” is -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N(R 0 )-,-N(R 0 )-CO-, -N(R 0)-CO-N(R 00 )-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 0 -, -CY 2 =CY 3 - represents -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH-, or a single bond. R 0 and R 00 Each of these independently represents an alkyl group having either H or 1 to 20 C atoms. Y 2 and Y 3 Each of these elements independently represents H, F, Cl, or CN.

[0451] X" is sometimes -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -CO-NR 0 -, -NR 0 -CO-, -NR 0 -CO-NR 00 -or it is a single bond.

[0452] Typical spacer bases Sp and -Sp”-X”- are, for example, -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, -(CH2CH2O) q1 -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR 0 R 00 -O) p1 -In the formula, p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, R 0 and R 00 The above has the meanings shown.

[0453] Particularly preferred spacer bases Sp and -Sp”-X”- are -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 and q1 have the meanings shown above.

[0454] Particularly preferred groups Sp'' in their linear forms are ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, etenylene, propenylene, and butenylene.

[0455] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, compounds of formula P and its subformulas are such that the group Sp-P is Sp(P) s It contains a spacer group Sp (branched polymerizable group) substituted with one or more polymerizable groups P to correspond to (where s is 2 or greater).

[0456] A preferred compound of formula P according to this preferred embodiment is one in which s is 2, i.e., a compound containing the group Sp(P)2. A very preferred compound of formula P according to this preferred embodiment contains a group selected from the following formulas.

[0457] [ka]

[0458] In the formula, P is defined as in formula P, Alkyl groups represent linear or branched alkylenes having single bonds or 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and the group is either unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, or CN, provided that one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are each independently bonded to each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and -C(R 0 )=C(R 0 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 0 )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O- may be substituted, however R 0 It has the meaning shown above, aa and bb each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. X has one of the meanings shown in "X", and is preferably O, CO, SO2, O-CO-, CO-O, or a single bond.

[0459] The preferred spacer base Sp(P)2 is selected from formulas S1, S2, and S3.

[0460] A highly preferred spacer base Sp(P)2 is selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0461] [ka]

[0462] In the compounds of formula P and its subformulas as described above and below, P is preferably selected from the group consisting of vinyloxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetane, and epoxide, most preferably from acrylate and methacrylate.

[0463] All polymerizable groups P present in the compound have the same meaning, and compounds of formula P and its subformulas as described above and below are more preferably acrylate or methacrylate, most preferably methacrylate.

[0464] In the compounds of formula P and its sub-formulas as described above and below, R preferably represents P-Sp.

[0465] Sp is a single bond or -(CH2) p1 -, -O-(CH2) p1 -, -O-CO-(CH2) p1 Or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 This represents, where p1 is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and Sp is -O-(CH2) p1 -, -O-CO-(CH2) p1 or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 In this case, compounds of formula P and its sub-formulas as described above and below, in which the O atom or CO group is linked to a benzene ring, are even more preferred.

[0466] Compounds of formula P and its subformulas as described above and below, in which at least one group Sp is a single bond, are even more preferred.

[0467] At least one group Sp differs from a single bond, preferably -(CH2) p1 -, -O-(CH2) p1 -, -O-CO-(CH2) p1 or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 Selected from, where p1 is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and Sp is -O-(CH2) p1 -, -O-CO-(CH2) p1 or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 In this case, compounds of formula P and its sub-formulas as described above and below, in which the O atom or CO group is linked to a benzene ring, are even more preferred.

[0468] A highly preferred base in formula P -A 1 -(ZA 2 ) z - is selected from the following formula.

[0469] [ka]

[0470] In the formula, at least one benzene ring is substituted with at least one group L, and the benzene ring may be further substituted with one or more groups L or P-Sp-.

[0471] Preferred compounds of formula P and its subformulas are selected from the following preferred embodiments (including any combination thereof): • All groups P in a compound have the same meaning. ·-A 1 -(ZA 2 ) z - is selected from A1, A2, and A5. The compound has exactly two polymerizable groups (represented by group P). The compound has exactly three polymerizable groups (represented by group P). P is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, methacrylate, and oxetane, and is very preferably acrylate or methacrylate. P is methacrylate. • All Sp groups are single bonds. • At least one of the Sp groups is a single bond, and at least one of the Sp groups is not a single bond. • If Sp is different from a single bond, -(CH2) p2 -,-(CH2) p2 -O-, -(CH2) p2 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p2 The compound is -O-CO-, where p2 is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and the O atom or CO group is linked to the benzene ring. • Sp is a single bond, or -(CH2) p2 -,-(CH2) p2 -O-, -(CH2) p2 -CO-O-, -(CH2) p2 The formula represents -O-CO-, where p2 is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and the O atom or CO group is linked to a benzene ring. ·R represents P-Sp- • R does not represent or does not contain a polymerizable group. • R does not represent or does not contain a polymerizable group, and represents an alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms in a linear, branched, or cyclic structure, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other, wherein one or more H atoms are each F, Cl, or L a It can be replaced with this. L or L' represents F, Cl, or CN. L is F.

[0472] A highly preferred compound of formula P is selected from the following formulas.

[0473] [ka]

[0474] [ka]

[0475] [ka]

[0476] [ka]

[0477] [ka]

[0478] [ka]

[0479] In the formula, each base, whether identical or different in its respective appearance, has the following meanings independently of each other: P 1 , P 2 , P 3 The polymerizable group is preferably selected from vinyl oxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloracrylate, oxetane, and epoxy, and very preferably acrylate or methacrylate. Sp 1 , Sp 2 , Sp 3 is a single bond or spacer group, but in addition, one or more groups P 1 -Sp 1 -, P 2 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 - is R M This can be expressed as follows, provided that there exists a base P 1 -Sp 1 -, P 2 -Sp 2 -and P 3 -Sp 3 - At least one of R M Subject to being different from, preferably having one of the preferred meanings of Sp as given above, and very preferably -(CH2) p1 -,-(CH2) p1 -O-, -(CH2) p1 -CO-O- or -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O- means -O-CO-O-, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12. R M This refers to linear or branched alkyl groups having H, F, Cl, CN, or 1 to 25 C atoms (however, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are also included, in each case independently of each other, such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly linked to each other -C(R 0 )=C(R 00 )-, -C≡C-, -N(R 0 )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- may be substituted, provided that one or more H atoms are replaced with F, Cl, CN or P 1 -Sp 1- May be replaced with ), particularly preferably alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl or alkylcarbonyloxy (where alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least 2 C atoms, and branched groups have at least 3 C atoms), however R aa is the base P 1 , P 2 or P 3 Does not mean or include R 0 , R 00 It is an alkyl having H or 1 to 12 C atoms, R y and R z These are H, F, CH3, or CF3. X 1 , X 2 , X 3 These are -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or single bonds. Z M1 -O-, -CO-, -C(R y R z )- or -CF2CF2-, Z M2 , Z M3 -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -(CH2) n -where n is 2, 3, or 4, L is an alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 12 C atoms, which may be linear or branched monofluorinated or polyfluorinated. L', L'' are H, F, or Cl. k is either 0 or 1. r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. s is 0, 1, 2, or 3. t is 0, 1, or 2. x is either 0 or 1.

[0480] Compounds of formulas P2, P13, and P32, especially those with only two polymerizable groups P 1 and P 2 A bireactive compound containing the above is highly preferred.

[0481] Compounds selected from formulas P17-P31, particularly formulas P20, P22, P26, P29 and P31, especially those with only three polymerizable groups P 1 , P 2 and P 3 A trireactive compound containing is even more preferred.

[0482] In the compounds of formulas P1 to P32, [ka]

[0483] In the formula, L has one of the meanings shown above and below, which may be the same or different in each occurrence, preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, CH=CH2, C(CH3)=CH2, SCH3, OCH3, COCH3 or OCF 3、 Most preferably, it is F, SCH3, or OCH3.

[0484] Preferred compounds of formulas P1 to P32 are P 1 , P 2 and P 3 This represents an acrylate, methacrylate, oxetane, or epoxy group, very preferably an acrylate or methacrylate group, and most preferably a methacrylate group.

[0485] A more preferred compound of formulas P1-P32 is Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 It is a single bond.

[0486] A more preferred compound of formulas P1-P32 is Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of them represents a single bond, Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 The other one is that it differs from a single bond.

[0487] A more preferred compound of formulas P1-P32 is one with a single bond and a different group Sp 1 , Sp 2 and Sp 3 ga-(CH2) s1 -X'' represents -X'', where s1 is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4, or 5, and X'' is a linkage to an adjacent benzene ring, which is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-O-, or a single bond.

[0488] Even more preferred polymerizable compounds are selected from Table E below, particularly formulas RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, and RM-10 3. Selected from the group consisting of RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156~RM-163, RM-169, RM-170, and RM-171~RM-183.

[0489] LC media containing one, two, or three polymerizable compounds of formula P are particularly preferred.

[0490] A more preferable LC medium is one which contains two or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula P, preferably selected from formulas P1 to P16 and P32, and very preferably selected from formulas P2, P13 and P32.

[0491] A more preferable LC medium is one containing one or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula P, preferably selected from formulas P1 to P16 and P32, and very preferably from formulas P2, P13 and P32, and one or more trireactive polymerizable compounds of formula P, preferably selected from formulas P17 to P32, and very preferably from formulas P20, P22, P26, P29 and P31.

[0492] More preferably, the LC medium contains one or more polymerizable compounds selected from formulas P2, P13, P22, P24, P27, P29, P31 and P32, in which at least one r is non-zero or at least one of s and t is non-zero, most preferably L is selected from the preferred groups shown above, most preferably F, OCH3 and SCH3.

[0493] Preferably, the LC medium contains one or more polymerizable compounds selected from formula P, and more preferably from formulas P1 to P32, which exhibit absorption in the wavelength range of 320 to 380 nm.

[0494] An LC medium containing one, two, or three polymerizable compounds selected from formula P or formulas P1 to P32 is particularly preferred.

[0495] For use in PSA displays, the total proportion of polymerizable compounds, such as those of formula P or P1-P32, in the LC medium is preferably 0.01-2.0%, very preferably 0.1-1.0%, and most preferably 0.2-0.8%.

[0496] For use in SA-VA displays, the total percentage of polymerizable compounds, such as those of formula P or P1-P32, in the LC medium is preferably greater than 0 and less than 3%, very preferably greater than 0 and less than 2%, more preferably 0.05-2.0%, and most preferably 0.05-1.0%.

[0497] To manufacture a PSA display, polymerizable compounds contained in the LC medium are polymerized or crosslinked (when one compound contains two or more polymerizable groups) by in-situ polymerization between the substrates of the LC display while optionally applying a voltage to the electrodes.

[0498] The structure of the PSA display according to the present invention corresponds to the conventional configuration of a PSA display as described in the prior art cited at the beginning. A configuration without protrusions is preferred, and in particular, it is preferred that the electrodes on the color filter side are not structured, and only the electrodes on the TFT side have slits. A particularly suitable and preferred electrode structure for PS-VA displays is described, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0066793.

[0499] A preferred PSA-type LC display of the present invention is A first substrate comprising a pixel electrode defining a pixel region, connected to a switch element placed in each pixel region and potentially having a microslit pattern, and a first orientation layer optionally placed on the pixel electrode; A second substrate comprising a common electrode layer which may be placed on the entire portion of the second substrate facing the first substrate, and an optional second orientation layer; • An LC layer (whereas the polymerizable component may be polymerized) is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and includes an LC medium layer containing a polymerizable component containing one or more compounds of formula R and a liquid crystal host containing the above and below. Includes.

[0500] The first and / or second alignment layer controls the orientation of the LC molecules in the LC layer. For example, in a PS-VA display, the alignment layer is selected so that the LC molecules are homeotropically (or perpendicularly) oriented (i.e., perpendicular to the surface) or tilted. Such an alignment layer may contain, for example, polyimide, which may be rubbed or prepared by a photoalignment method.

[0501] An LC layer containing an LC medium can be placed between display substrates using a method commonly used in display manufacturing, such as the so-called liquid crystal drop (ODF) method (one-drop filling). The polymerizable components of the LC medium are then polymerized, for example, by UV photopolymerization. Polymerization can be carried out in one or more steps.

[0502] The PSA display may include further elements such as a color filter, a black matrix, a passivation layer, an optical retardation layer, and transistor elements for addressing individual pixels, all of which are known to those skilled in the art and can be used without exhibiting any patentable skills.

[0503] Electrode structures can be designed by those skilled in the art according to the type of display. For example, multi-domain orientation of LC molecules can be induced by providing electrodes with slits and / or ridges or protrusions to generate two, four or more different tilt orientation directions for PS-VA displays.

[0504] Upon polymerization, polymerizable compounds form crosslinked polymers, resulting in a certain pretilling of LC molecules within the LC medium. While we do not wish to be bound by any particular theory, it is thought that at least a portion of the crosslinked polymer formed by the polymerizable compounds undergoes phase separation or precipitation from the LC medium, forming a layer of polymer on the substrate or electrode or an orientation layer provided thereon. Microscopic measurements (SEM and AFM, etc.) confirmed that at least a portion of the formed polymer accumulates at the LC / substrate interface.

[0505] Polymerization can be carried out in a single step. Alternatively, polymerization can be performed in the first step while applying an optional voltage to generate a pre-tilt angle, and then in the second polymerization step, the unreacted compounds from the first step can be polymerized or crosslinked without applying a voltage ("final curing").

[0506] A suitable and preferred polymerization method is, for example, thermal or photopolymerization, preferably photopolymerization, and particularly UV-induced photopolymerization, which can be achieved by exposing a photopolymerizable compound to UV irradiation.

[0507] One or more polymerization initiators can be added to the LC medium. Suitable conditions for polymerization and suitable types and amounts of initiators are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature. For example, commercially available photopolymerization initiators Irgacure 651 (registered trademark), Irgacure 184 (registered trademark), Irgacure 907 (registered trademark), Irgacure 369 (registered trademark), or Darocure 1173 (registered trademark) (Ciba) are suitable for free radical polymerization. When polymerization initiators are used, the proportion of the initiator is preferably 0.001 to 5% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight.

[0508] Furthermore, the polymerizable compounds according to the present invention are also suitable for polymerization without initiators, which brings notable advantages such as lower material costs and, in particular, less contamination of the LC medium by the amount of residual initiator or its degradation products. Thus, polymerization can be carried out without adding an initiator. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the LC medium does not contain a polymerization initiator.

[0509] Furthermore, the LC medium may contain one or more stabilizers to prevent undesirable spontaneous polymerization of RM during storage or transport, for example. Suitable types and amounts of stabilizers are known to those skilled in the art and are described in the literature. For example, commercially available stabilizers from the Irganox® series (Ciba), such as Irganox® 1076, are particularly suitable. When stabilizers are used, the proportion of the stabilizer is preferably 10 to 500,000 ppm, and particularly preferably 50 to 50,000 ppm, based on the total amount of RM or polymerizable component (component P).

[0510] Polymerizable compounds of formula P exhibit particularly good UV absorption in a method for preparing a PSA display comprising one or more of the following features, and are therefore particularly suitable for that method: The polymerizable medium is exposed to UV light within the display in a two-step process, which includes a first UV exposure step ("UV-1 step") to generate a tilt angle and a second UV exposure step ("UV-2 step") to complete polymerization; The polymerizable medium is exposed within the display to UV light generated by an energy-saving UV lamp (also known as a "green UV lamp"). These lamps are characterized by relatively low intensity in the 300-380 nm absorption spectrum (1 / 100 to 1 / 10 of conventional UV lamps) and are preferably used in the UV2 process, but can also be used in the UV1 process if it is necessary to avoid high intensity; To avoid exposure to short-wavelength UV light in the PS-VA process, the polymerizable medium is exposed within the display to UV light generated by a UV lamp having an emission spectrum shifted to longer wavelengths (preferably 340 nm or longer).

[0511] Using lower intensity UV light or shifting to longer wavelength UV light will protect organic layers from damage that can be caused by UV light.

[0512] Preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for preparing the PSA displays described above and below, and include one or more of the following features: The polymerizable LC medium is exposed to UV light in two steps, including a first UV exposure step ("UV-1 step") to generate a tilt angle and a second UV exposure step ("UV-2 step") to complete polymerization; • A polymerizable LC medium is subjected to a 0.5 mW / cm² wavelength range of 300-380 nm. 2 ~10mW / cm 2 Exposure to UV light generated by a UV lamp having the specified intensity (preferably, this UV lamp is used in the UV2 step, and optionally in the UV1 step as well). The polymerizable LC medium is exposed to UV light having a wavelength of 340 nm or higher, preferably 400 nm or lower.

[0513] This preferred method can be implemented, for example, by using a desired UV lamp or by using bandpass filters and / or cutoff filters that substantially transmit UV light having the desired wavelength and substantially block light having the undesired wavelength. For example, if irradiation with UV light with a wavelength λ of 300-400 nm is desired, UV exposure can be implemented using a wide bandpass filter that substantially transmits wavelengths λ greater than 300 nm and less than 400 nm. If irradiation with UV light with a wavelength λ greater than 340 nm is desired, UV exposure can be implemented using a cutoff filter that substantially transmits wavelengths λ greater than 340 nm.

[0514] "Substantially transmit" means that the filter transmits most, preferably at least 50%, of the incident light of the desired wavelength. "Substantially block" means that the filter does not transmit most, preferably at least 50%, of the incident light of the undesired wavelength. "Desired (undesired) wavelength" means, for example, wavelengths within (outside) a given range of λ in the case of a bandpass filter, and wavelengths above (below) a given value of λ in the case of a cutoff filter.

[0515] This preferred method enables the manufacture of displays using longer wavelength UV light, thereby reducing or avoiding the harmful and damaging effects of the short-wavelength components of UV light.

[0516] UV irradiation energy is generally between 6 and 100 J, depending on the conditions of the manufacturing process.

[0517] Preferably, the LC medium according to the present invention comprises essentially a polymerizable component P) containing a polymerizable compound of formula R as described above and below, or one or more polymerizable compounds of formula P, an LC host mixture, and an optically active component containing one or more chiral dopants. However, the LC medium may preferably additionally contain one or more further components or additives selected without limitation from the list including comonomers, chiral dopants, polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, surfactants, wetting agents, lubricants, dispersants, hydrophobic agents, adhesives, flow improvers, defoamers, deaeration agents, diluents, reactive diluents, auxiliary agents, colorants, dyes, pigments and nanoparticles.

[0518] An LC medium containing one, two, or three polymerizable compounds of formula P is particularly preferred.

[0519] Preferably, the proportion of the compound of formula P in the LC medium is greater than 0% but less than 5%, very preferably greater than 0% but less than 1%, and most preferably 0.01 to 0.5%.

[0520] In one embodiment, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more chiral dopants. Preferably, these chiral dopants are 1 μm in size. -1 ~150μm -1 A range of preferably 10 μm -1 ~100μm -1The absolute value of the helical twisting power (HTP) is within the range. If the medium contains two or more chiral dopants, these may have opposite signs in their HTP values. This condition is preferable for some specific embodiments because it allows for some degree of compensation for the chirality of each compound, and can be used to compensate for various temperature-dependent properties of the medium obtained in the device. However, generally, it is preferable that most, preferably all, of the chiral compounds present in the medium according to the present invention have the same sign in their HTP values.

[0521] Preferably, the chiral dopants present in the medium according to this application are mesogenic compounds, and most preferably, they exhibit a mesophase on their own.

[0522] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium comprises two or more chiral compounds, all having the same arithmetic sign of HTP.

[0523] The temperature dependence of the HTP of individual compounds can be high or low. The temperature dependence of the pitch of the medium can be compensated for by mixing compounds with different HTP temperature dependencies in corresponding ratios.

[0524] As for optically active ingredients, a number of commercially available chiral dopants are available to those skilled in the art, such as cholesteryl nonanoate, R- and S-811, R- and S-1011, R- and S-2011, R- and S-3011, R- and S-4011, or CB15 (all from Merck, Darmstadt).

[0525] Particularly suitable dopants are compounds containing one or more chiral groups and one or more mesogenic groups, or one or more aromatic or alicyclic groups that form a mesogenic group together with a chiral group.

[0526] Suitable chiral groups include, for example, chiral branched hydrocarbon groups, chiral ethanediols, binaphthols or dioxolanes, as well as monovalent or polyvalent chiral groups selected from the group consisting of sugar derivatives, sugar alcohols, sugar acids, lactic acid, chiral-substituted glycols, steroid derivatives, terpene derivatives, amino acids, or sequences of several, preferably 1 to 5, amino acids.

[0527] Preferred chiral groups include sugar derivatives, such as glucose, mannose, galactose, fructose, arabinose, and dextrose; sugar alcohols, such as sorbitol, mannitol, isitol, galactitol, or their anhydro derivatives, particularly dianhydrohexitol, such as dianhydrosorbide (1,4:3,6-dianhydro-D-sorbide, isosorbide), dianhydromannitol (isosorbitol), or dianhydroiditol (isoiditol); sugar acids, such as gluconic acid, gulonic acid, and ketoguronic acid; and chiral-substituted glycol groups. For example, mono- or oligoethylene or propylene glycol in which one or more CH2 groups are substituted with alkyl or alkoxy groups; amino acids, such as alanine, valine, phenylglycine or phenylalanine, or sequences of 1 to 5 of these amino acids; steroid derivatives, such as cholesteryl or cholic acid groups; terpene derivatives, such as menthyl, neomentyl, campheyl, pinail, terpineil, isolongifolyl, phenthyl, kalyl, myrtenyl, nopyl, geranyl, linaloyl, neryl, citronellyl or dihydrocitronellyl.

[0528] The medium according to the present invention preferably comprises a chiral dopant selected from the group of known chiral dopants. Suitable chiral groups and mesogenic chiral compounds are described, for example, in German Patent Nos. 3425503, 3534777, 3534778, 3534779, and 3534780, 4342280, European Patent No. 01038941, and German Patent No. 19541820. Other examples are the compounds listed in Table F below.

[0529] The chiral compounds preferably used in accordance with the present invention are selected from the group consisting of the formulas shown below.

[0530] Chiral dopants selected from the group consisting of compounds of the following formulas AI~A-III and A-Ch are particularly preferred.

[0531] [ka]

[0532] During the ceremony, R a11 , R a12 and R b12 This represents an alkyl group having 1 to 15 C atoms independently of each other, where furthermore, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently of each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, -C(R z )=C(R z )-, -C≡C-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O-, where one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN. Preferably, it represents alkyl, more preferably n-alkyl, however, R a12 is R b12 Unlike, R a21 and R a22This represents an alkyl group having 1 to 15 C atoms independently of each other, where furthermore, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently of each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, -C(R z )=C(R z )-, -C≡C-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O-, where one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN. Preferably both represent alkyl, more preferably n-alkyl. R a31 , R a32 and R b32 This represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 15 C atoms independently of each other, where furthermore, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently of each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and -C(R z )=C(R z )-, -C≡C-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO- or -O-CO-O-, where one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN. Preferably, it represents alkyl, more preferably n-alkyl, however, R a32 is R b32 Unlike, R z represents H, CH3, F, Cl, or CN, preferably H or F. R 8 The R given above is a11 One of the meanings is an alkyl group having 1 to 15 C atoms, more preferably an n-alkyl group. Z 8 This represents -C(O)O-, -CH2O-, -CF2O- or a single bond, preferably -C(O)O-. A 11 A is below 12 As defined in, or [ka] This represents, A 12 teeth, [ka] Preferably [ka] This represents, During the ceremony, L 12 Each instance independently represents a halogen, CN, or an alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, or alkenyloxy having up to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by a halogen, preferably methyl, ethyl, Cl, or F, and particularly preferably F. A 21 teeth, [ka] This represents, A 22 is, A 12 It has meaning to be given to, A 31 is, A 11 It has meaning to be given to, or [ka] This represents, A 32 is, A 12 It has meaning to be given to, n2 is 0, 1, or 2, and is either the same or different in each occurrence. n3 is 1, 2 or 3, and r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0533] A dopant selected from the group consisting of compounds of the following formula is particularly preferred.

[0534] [ka]

[0535] [ka]

[0536] During the ceremony, m is an integer from 1 to 9, and n is an integer between 2 and 9, which may be the same or different in each occurrence.

[0537] Particularly preferred compounds of formula A are those of formula A-III.

[0538] Further preferred dopants are derivatives of isosorbide, isomannitol, or isoiditol of the following formulas A-IV.

[0539] [ka]

[0540] In the formula, the group [ka] teeth, [ka] The most preferred is dianhydrosorbitol.

[0541] Furthermore, it includes chiral ethanediols such as diphenylethanediol (hydrobenzoin), particularly mesogenic hydrobenzoin derivatives of the following formula AV, which are (S,S) enantiomers not shown.

[0542] [ka]

[0543] During the ceremony, [ka] Each of these is 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene, which may be monosubstituted, disubstituted, or trisubstituted at L, independently of each other. L is H, F, Cl, CN, or an alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 7 carbon atoms that may be halogenated. c is either 0 or 1. X is either CH2 or -C(O)-, Z 0 is -COO-, -OCO-, -CH2CH2- or single bond, and R 0 These are alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or alkylcarbonyloxy compounds having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0544] This is an example of a compound of formula IV.

[0545] [ka]

[0546] [ka]

[0547] Compounds of formulas A-IV are described in International Publication No. 98 / 00428. Compounds of formula AV are described in British Patent Application Publication No. 2,328,207.

[0548] Particularly preferred dopants are the chiral binaphthyl derivatives described in International Publication No. 02 / 94805, the chiral binaphthol acetal derivatives described in International Publication No. 02 / 34739, the chiral TADDOL derivatives described in International Publication No. 02 / 06265, and the chiral dopants having at least one fluorinated crosslinking group and a terminal or central chiral group described in International Publication Nos. 02 / 06196 and International Publication No. 02 / 06195.

[0549] Chiral compounds of formulas A-VI are particularly preferred.

[0550] [ka]

[0551] During the ceremony, X 1 , X 2 , Y 1 and Y 2 Each of these groups is independently of the others, and consists of F, Cl, Br, I, CN, SCN, SF5, and linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms (which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, where furthermore, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are independently of each other, such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other, and consist of -O-, -S-, -NH-, NR 0 -, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCOO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- (which may be replaced by a polymerizable group or a cycloalkyl or aryl having up to 20 carbon atoms (which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with a halogen, preferably F, or a polymerizable group), x 1 and x 2 Each of these is independently 0, 1, or 2. y 1 and y 2 Each of these is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. B 1 and B 2 Each of these is an aromatic, partially saturated, or fully saturated aliphatic six-membered ring, where one or more CH groups may be replaced by N atoms, and one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by O and / or S atoms. W 1 and W 2 These are, independently of each other, -Z 1 -A 1 -(Z2 -A 2 ) m -R, or one of the two is R 1 Or A 3 However, neither is H at the same time, or [ka] teeth, [ka] And, U 1 and U 2 Each of these is independently CH2, O, S, CO, or CS. V 1 and V 2 Each of them is independent of the others (CH2) n However, 1 to 4 non-adjacent CH2 groups may each be replaced by O or S, or they may be single bonds. n is 1, 2, or 3. Z 1 and Z 2 These are -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, and -CO-NR, each independent of the others. 0 -, -NR 0 -CO-, -O-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -S-CH2-, -CH2-S-, -CF2-O-, -O-CF2-, -CF2-S-, -S-CF2-, -CH2-CH2-, -CF2-CH2-, -CH2-CF2-, -CF2-CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, two combinations of these groups (where two O and / or S and / or N atoms are not directly bonded to each other), (preferably -CH=CH-COO- or -COO-CH=CH-), or single bonds, R x This represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. A 1 , A 2 and A 3These are, independently of each other, 1,4-phenylene in which one or two non-adjacent CH groups may be replaced with N, 1,4-cyclohexylene in which one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced with O and / or S, 1,3-dioxolane-4,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, piperidine-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (each of these groups may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with L), in addition A 1 It can be a single bond, L is a halogen atom, preferably F, CN, NO2, an alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (where one or more H atoms may be replaced by F or Cl), m is independently 0, 1, 2, or 3 in each case, and R and R 1 Each of these is independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 or 3 to 25 carbon atoms, consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, SCN, SF5 (which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, and one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are -O-, -S-, -NH-, -NR such that two O and / or S atoms are not directly bonded to each other). 0 -, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- may be substituted, or it is a polymerizable group.

[0552] Chiral binaphthyl derivatives of formula A-VI-1 are particularly preferred.

[0553] [ka]

[0554] In the formula, rings B, R 0 and Z0 b is as defined by equations A-IV and AV, where b is 0, 1, or 2.

[0555] In particular, it must be selected from the following equations A-VI-1a to A-VI-1c.

[0556] [ka]

[0557] In the formula, R 0 and Z 0 This is defined in formula A-VI-1, and R 0 It is either as defined by formulas A-IV, or an alkyl having H or 1 to 4 carbon atoms. b is 0, 1 or 2, and Z 0 These are specifically -OC(O)- or single bonds.

[0558] The concentration of one or more chiral dopants (one or more) in the LC medium is preferably in the range of 0.001% to 20%, preferably 0.05% to 5%, more preferably 0.1% to 2%, and most preferably 0.5% to 1.5%. These preferred concentration ranges apply in particular to chiral dopants S-4011 or R-4011 (both manufactured by Merck) and chiral dopants having the same or similar HTP. For chiral dopants with a higher or lower absolute value of HTP compared to S-4011, these preferred concentrations must be decreased or increased proportionally, respectively, according to the ratio of their HTP values ​​to the HTP value of S-4011.

[0559] The pitch p of the LC medium or host mixture according to the present invention is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 μm, more preferably 8 to 30 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 20 μm.

[0560] The medium according to the present invention contains one or more compounds of formula S in a total concentration preferably between 1000 ppm and 5000 ppm, more preferably between 1000 ppm and 5000 ppm, even more preferably between 1200 ppm and 4500 ppm, very preferably between 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm, and particularly in the range of 2500 to 3500 ppm.

[0561] The medium according to the present invention preferably has negative dielectric anisotropy.

[0562] Preferred embodiments, either individually or in combination, are as follows (acronyms are explained in Table D):

[0563] The medium according to the present invention is preferably

[0564] • One or more compounds of formula I in a total concentration of more than 0% to 20%, preferably 1% to 17%, more preferably 2% to 15%, and very preferably 3% to 13%;

[0565] One or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID, in a total concentration of 20% to 70%, more preferably 25% to 65%, very preferably 30% to 60%, and especially 35% to 50%;

[0566] One or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula IID, preferably IID-1, in a total concentration of 20% to 45%, more preferably 22% to 42%, very preferably 24% to 40%, and especially 25% to 38%;

[0567] Preferably, one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula IID-7 are used in a total concentration of 3% to 30%, more preferably 5% to 25%, very preferably 7% to 20%, and especially 10% to 18%;

[0568] - One or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID, in a total concentration of 25% to 72%, more preferably 35% to 65%, very preferably 40% to 62%, and especially 45% to 58%;

[0569] - A total concentration of 26% to 72%, more preferably 35% to 65%, very preferably 40% to 62%, and especially 45% to 60% of one or more compounds of formula I, one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID, plus one or more compounds of formula III;

[0570] One or more compounds of formula IIA, preferably selected from the group of formulas IIA-Y6a, IIA-2, and IIA-10, in a total concentration of 3% to 30%, more preferably 8% to 25%, and very preferably 9% to 23%;

[0571] • One or more compounds of formulas I and IIA-18 in a total concentration of 1% to 30%, preferably 2% to 27%, more preferably 5% to 25%, and very preferably 10% to 20%;

[0572] • One or more compounds of formula I and IIA-40 and / or IIA-42 are preferably in a total concentration of 3% to 40%, more preferably 15% to 30%, and very preferably 18% to 26%;

[0573] One or more compounds of formula IIB, preferably formula IIB-2 and / or IIB-10, very preferably IIB-10, in a total concentration of more than 0% to 15%, more preferably 0.5% to 12%, very preferably 1% to 10%, and especially 1% to 8%;

[0574] • One or more compounds of formula IIC in a total concentration of 0.5% to 10%, more preferably 2% to 8%, and very preferably 2% to 5%;

[0575] One or more compounds of formula IID, preferably IID-1, in a total concentration of preferably 5% to 35%, more preferably 10% to 30%, and very preferably 12% to 27%;

[0576] One or more compounds of formula III, preferably formula III-1 and / or III-2 and / or III-3, more preferably formula III-2 and / or III-3, and even more preferably formula III-2-6 and / or III-3, in a total concentration of preferably 0.5% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 17%, and very preferably 7% to 15%;

[0577] Alternatively, the compound of formula III-2-6 at a total concentration of 0.5% to 5%;

[0578] • One or more compounds of formulas I, IID-1, and III-2 are preferably present in a total concentration of 20% to 65%, more preferably 25% to 60%, and very preferably 30% to 50%;

[0579] • One or more compounds of formulas I, IID-1, III-2, and III-3 are preferably present in a total concentration of 20% to 70%, more preferably 25% to 65%, and very preferably 30% to 55%;

[0580] One or more compounds of formula IV and optionally one or more compounds of formula IVa in a total concentration preferably between 28% and 70%, more preferably between 18% and 55%, even more preferably between 22% and 48%, very preferably between 26% and 42%, and especially between 30% and 38%;

[0581] - One or more compounds of formula IV and optionally one or more compounds of formula IVa are preferably present in a total concentration of 28% to 70%, more preferably 18% to 55%, even more preferably 22% to 48%, very preferably 26% to 42%, and particularly preferably 30% to 38%, wherein the medium contains no more than 29% of the compound of formula IV-3-1a, and further contains one or more compounds of formula IV-1, preferably selected from compounds IV-1-1, IV-1-4, and IV-1-5;

[0582] • One or more compounds of formula IV-1 are preferably present in a total concentration of 2% to 30%, more preferably 6% to 25%, even more preferably 8% to 22%, and very preferably 10% to 20%;

[0583] • One or more compounds of formula IV-2 are preferably added in a total concentration of 0.2% to 5%, more preferably 0.5% to 3%, and even more preferably 1% to 2%;

[0584] One or more compounds of formula IV-3, preferably selected from formula IV-3-1 and / or IV-3-2, in a total concentration preferably in the range of 25% to 55%, more preferably 28% to 50%, even more preferably 32% to 47%, and very preferably 38% to 45%;

[0585] Compound IV-3-2b;

[0586] Compound IV-3-2a at a concentration of 1-15%, preferably 2-10%;

[0587] One or more compounds of formula IVa, preferably IVa-2, in a total concentration of 1% to 20%, more preferably 4% to 18%, even more preferably 6% to 16%, and very preferably 8% to 15%;

[0588] • One or more compounds of formula IVb-1-1;

[0589] - One or more compounds of formula IV-1 and optionally one or more compounds of formula IVa-2 and one or more compounds of formula IV-3 in a total concentration of 20% to 50%, more preferably 25% to 45%, even more preferably 28% to 40%, and very preferably 30% to 37%;

[0590] One or more compounds of formula V, preferably formula V-5 and / or V-6 and / or V-8, in a total concentration of 3% to 15%, more preferably 4% to 14%, even more preferably 5% to 13%, and very preferably 6% to 12%;

[0591] • One or more compounds of formula VI-2, preferably PPY-n-Om;

[0592] One or more compounds of formula VIII, selected from compounds of formula VIII-3a and VIII-2b, preferably in a total concentration of 1% to 12%, more preferably 2% to 10%;

[0593] • One or more compounds of formula CL in a total concentration of 1-15%, preferably 2-10%;

[0594] • One or more compounds of formula PII-2c-3, especially R 3 The compound PII-2c-3(CCG-VF) represents vinyl;

[0595] • Compounds of formula PII-2m-1 include.

[0596] A medium containing one or more compounds of formulas I-2, IIA-2, IIA-10, IIB-2, and IIB-10 is particularly preferred and has the advantage of high LTS.

[0597] In a preferred embodiment, the medium contains compound IV-3-1a(CC-3-V) at a concentration of 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and very preferably 30% or more.

[0598] In preferred embodiments, the medium contains compound IV-3-1a(CC-3-V) at a concentration of 9% or less, more preferably 19% or less, and very preferably 29% or less.

[0599] Preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises a stabilizer, more preferably two or more stabilizers, and very preferably three or more stabilizers. The stabilizers are preferably selected from compounds of formulas ST-1 to ST-18 and S.

[0600] Preferably, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more, more preferably two or more, reactive mesogens from the sub-formulas of formula P, and more preferably from the sub-formulas listed in Table E below.

[0601] Very preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds, particularly two, selected from the group consisting of formulas RM-1, RM-17, RM-35, RM-64, RM-145, RM-163, and RM-171.

[0602] In another preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention comprises one or more reactive mesogens and chiral dopants of formula P.

[0603] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention is advantageous in that it preferably has a nematic phase with a temperature of -20°C or lower to 70°C or higher, particularly preferably -30°C or lower to 72°C or higher, and very particularly preferably -40°C or lower to 74°C or higher.

[0604] In a first preferred embodiment, the medium according to the present invention has a clearing temperature of 70°C or higher, preferably 72°C or higher, more preferably 73°C or higher, and particularly 74°C or higher.

[0605] The expression "having a nematic phase" means, on the one hand, that the smectic phase and crystallization are not observed at temperatures lower than the corresponding temperature, and on the other hand, that no transparency (transition to an isotropic phase) occurs when the nematic phase is heated at a given temperature. Low-temperature studies are performed using a fluid viscometer at the corresponding temperature and confirmed by storing the sample in a test cell with a layer thickness suitable for electro-optical applications for at least 100 hours. If the storage stability in the test cell at -20°C is 1000 hours or more, the medium is said to be stable at this temperature. For temperatures of -30°C and -40°C, the corresponding times are 500 hours and 250 hours, respectively. At high temperatures, the transparency point is measured in a capillary tube using conventional methods.

[0606] The liquid crystal mixture is preferably at 20°C with a maximum thickness of 30 mm. 2 ·Seconds -1 The fluid viscosity ν 20 It has.

[0607] The liquid crystal mixture according to the present invention is nematic at a temperature preferably below -20°C, preferably below -30°C, and very preferably below -40°C.

[0608] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium has a birefringence of 0.1060 or less.

[0609] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the medium has a birefringence in the range of 0.085 to 0.120, more preferably 0.088 to 0.110, very preferably 0.090 to 0.108, and particularly 0.091 to 0.106.

[0610] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid crystal mixture according to the present invention has a dielectric anisotropy Δε of -2.0 to -5.0, preferably -2.8 to -4.5, and particularly -3.3 to -4.1.

[0611] The rotational viscosity γ1 at 20°C is preferably 210 mPas or less.

[0612] The rotational viscosity γ1 at 20°C is preferably in the range of 60 to 250 mPas, more preferably 100 to 210 mPa·s.

[0613] Very preferably, the rotational viscosity γ1 at 20°C is in the range of 80 to 140 mPas, more preferably 90 to 120 mPa·s.

[0614] In a preferred embodiment, the elastic constants K1 and K3 are preferably in the range of 17.0 to 25.0, more preferably 18.0 to 22.0, and particularly 18.5 to 21.0.

[0615] In another preferred embodiment, the elastic constant K1 is preferably in the range of 22.0 to 29.0, more preferably 24.0 to 28.0, and particularly 25.0 to 27.0, and the elastic constant K3 is preferably in the range of 19.0 to 26.0, more preferably 21.0 to 23.0, and particularly 22.0 to 24.0.

[0616] In addition, the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention has a high voltage retention rate in liquid crystal cells.

[0617] Generally, liquid crystal media with a low address voltage or threshold voltage exhibit a lower voltage retention rate than those with a high address voltage or threshold voltage, and vice versa.

[0618] In this invention, the term "dielectrically positive compound" refers to a compound having a Δε greater than 1.5, the term "dielectrically neutral compound" refers to a compound having a Δε between -1.5 and 1.5, and the term "dielectrically negative compound" refers to a compound having a Δε less than -1.5. The dielectric anisotropy of a compound is determined by dissolving 10% of the compound in a liquid crystal host and measuring the capacitance of the mixture obtained in at least one test cell with a homeotropic and homogeneous surface orientation, each having a layer thickness of 20 μm, at 1 kHz. The measurement voltage is typically 0.5V to 1.0V, but is always lower than the capacitance threshold of the liquid crystal mixture under consideration.

[0619] All temperature values ​​shown in this invention are in °C.

[0620] The mixtures according to the present invention are suitable for all VA-TFT applications, such as VAN, MVA, (S)-PVA, ASV, PSA (polymer sustained VA), and PS-VA (polymer stabilized VA). They are also suitable for IPS (in-plane-switching) and FFS (fringe field switching) applications with negative Δε, particularly UB-FFS.

[0621] It goes without saying to those skilled in the art that the VA, IPS, or FFS mixture of the present invention may also include, for example, compounds in which H, N, O, Cl, and F are substituted with the corresponding isotopes.

[0622] The compounds according to the present invention can be synthesized by known methods described in the literature (e.g., standard works such as Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of Organic Chemistry], Georg-Thieme-Verlag, and Stuttgart) or similar methods under known reaction conditions suitable for the aforementioned reactions. Variations known to themselves, though not mentioned herein, can also be used herein. In particular, they can be prepared by methods described in or similar to the following reaction schemes. Further methods for preparing the compounds of the present invention can be obtained from the examples.

[0623] Other mesogenic compounds not explicitly mentioned above can also be advantageously used in media according to the present invention. Such compounds are known to those skilled in the art.

[0624] In the present invention and the following examples, the structure of the liquid crystal compound is indicated by an acronym, and its conversion to a chemical formula is performed according to Tables A to C below. m H2m+1 , C n H 2n+1 , and C l H 2l+1 or C m H 2m-1 , C n H 2n-1 and andC l H 2l-1 These are linear alkyl or alkylene groups having n, m, and l carbon atoms, respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, independently of each other. Table A shows the codes of the ring elements of the core of the compound, Table B lists the bridging units, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols of the left- and right-end groups of the molecule. The acronym consists of the code of the ring element having any linking group, followed by a first hyphen and the code of the left-end group, and a second hyphen and the code of the right-end group. Table D shows structural examples of the compound along with their respective abbreviations.

[0625] <Table A: Ring elements>

[0626] [Table 1]

[0627] [Table 2]

[0628] [Table 3]

[0629] [Table 4]

[0630] <Table B: Bridge Units>

[0631] [Table 5]

[0632] <Table C: Terminal group>

[0633] [Table 6]

[0634] [Table 7]

[0635] [Table 8]

[0636] In the table, n and m are integers, and the three dots "..." are spaces for other abbreviations from this table.

[0637] Apart from the compounds of formulas I, IIA, IIB, IIC and / or IID, IVa, IVb and V, the mixture according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more compounds of the compounds described below.

[0638] Use the following abbreviations: (n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1 to 9, preferably 1 to 7, and k and l may also be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, most preferably 2; n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-nO-", preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and in the combination "-Om", preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4; the combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0639]

[0640] [Table 9]

[0641] Table 10

[0642] Table 11

[0643] Table 12

[0644] Table 13

[0645] Table 14

[0646] Table 15

[0647] Table 16

[0648] Table 17

[0649] Table 18

[0650] Table 19

[0651] Table 20

[0652] Table 21

[0653] Table 22

[0654] Table 23

[0655] Table 24

[0656] Table 25

[0657] Table 26

[0658] Table 27

[0659] Table 28

[0660] Table 29

[0661] Table 30

[0662] [Table 31]

[0663] [Table 32]

[0664] [Table 33]

[0665] Table E shows exemplary reactive mesogenic compounds that may be used in the LC medium according to the present invention.

[0666] [Table 34]

[0667] [Table 35]

[0668] [Table 36]

[0669] [Table 37]

[0670] [Table 38]

[0671] [Table 39]

[0672] Table 40

[0673] Table 41

[0674] Table 42

[0675] Table 43

[0676] Table 44

[0677] Table 45

[0678] Table 46

[0679] Table 47

[0680] Table 48

[0681] Table 49

[0682] Table 50

[0683] [Table 51]

[0684] [Table 52]

[0685] [Table 53]

[0686] [Table 54]

[0687] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the present invention preferably comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from polymerizable compounds of formulas RM-1 to RM-182. Among these, the compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-4 8, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM- 109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145 , RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183 are particularly preferred. [Examples]

[0688] The present invention is described in detail by the following non-limiting embodiments.

[0689] Use the following abbreviations and symbols: V0 is the capacitance threshold voltage [V] at 20°C. n e This is an anomalous refractive index at 20°C and 589nm. n0 is the typical refractive index at 20°C and 589nm. Δn is the optical anisotropy at 20°C and 589 nm. ε ⊥ The dielectric constant perpendicular to the director at 20°C and 1kHz is ε ∥ The dielectric constant parallel to the director at 20°C and 1kHz, Δε is the dielectric anisotropy at 20°C and 1kHz. cl.p., T(N,I) is the point of transparency [°C]. γ1 is the rotational viscosity [mPa·s] at 20℃. K1 is the elastic constant [pN] for "splay" deformation at 20°C. K2 is the elastic constant [pN] for "twist" deformation at 20°C. K3 is the elastic constant [pN] for "bend" deformation at 20°C.

[0690] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all concentrations in this application are given in weight percent and refer to the corresponding mixture as a whole, consisting of all solid or liquid crystal components, without regard to the solvent.

[0691] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, all temperature values ​​expressed in this application, such as the melting point T(C,N), the transition from the smectic (S) phase to the nematic (N) phase T(S,N), and the transparency point T(N,I), are cited in degrees Celsius (°C). Mp is the melting point, and cl.p. is the transparency point. Furthermore, C is the crystalline state, N is the nematic phase, S is the smectic phase, and I is the isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represents the transition temperature.

[0692] All physical properties are determined or have been determined in accordance with "Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals," published November 1997 by Merck, Germany, applicable at a temperature of 20°C, with Δn being 589 nm and Δε being 1 kHz unless otherwise explicitly indicated.

[0693] In this invention, the term "threshold voltage" refers to the capacitance threshold (V0), also known as the Frederick's threshold, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, in the example, although generally typical, 10% relative contrast (V0) is used. 10 The optical threshold for ) may also be indicated.

[0694] Unless otherwise specified, the steps for polymerizing polymerizable compounds in the PSA displays described above and below are carried out at a temperature in which the LC medium exhibits a liquid crystal phase, preferably a nematic phase, and most preferably at room temperature.

[0695] Unless otherwise specified, the method for preparing test cells and the method for measuring electro-optical properties, etc., shall be carried out in accordance with the methods described below or similarly.

[0696] The display used for measuring capacitance threshold voltage consists of two planar parallel glass outer plates spaced 25 μm apart, each with an electrode layer on the inside and an unrubbed polyimide orientation layer on the top that brings about homeotropic orientation of liquid crystal molecules.

[0697] The display or test cell used to measure the tilt angle consists of two parallel glass outer plates spaced 4 μm apart, each containing an electrode layer and a polyimide orientation layer on its inner side. The two polyimide layers are rubbed antiparallel to each other, which is effective in the homeotropic edge orientation of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0698] Polymerizable compounds can be polymerized by irradiating them with UV light of a predetermined intensity for a predetermined time within a display or test cell, while simultaneously applying voltage to the display (typically 10V-30V AC, 1kHz). Unless otherwise specified in the examples, polymerization is performed using fluorescent lamps and 0-20mW / cm² of UV light. 2 The intensity is used. The intensity is measured using a standard meter (Ushio Accumulate UV meter, center wavelength 313 nm).

[0699] Transmittance measurements are performed in a test cell equipped with a fishbone electrode layout (MEL Corporation, Japan, 1-pixel fishbone electrode (ITO, 10 x 10 mm, 3 μm line / 3 μm space with a fishbone angle of 47.7°), 3.2 μm cell gap, AF glass, tilt angle 1°).

[0700] Storage stability (LTS) of the medium according to the present invention in bulk at a given temperature T. bulk The stability is determined by visual inspection. Fill a sealed glass container (bottle) of the appropriate size with 2g of the medium in question and place it in a refrigerator at a specified temperature. The bottle is checked at defined time intervals for the occurrence of the smectic phase or crystallization. Two bottles are stored for each material and temperature. If the appearance of crystallization or the smectic phase is observed in at least one of the two corresponding bottles, the test is terminated, and the time of the last inspection immediately preceding the observation of the occurrence of a higher phase is recorded as the storage stability for each.

[0701] <Mixture example> Examples of mixtures M1-M142, P1-P9, Ch1, and PCh1 have the compositions and physical properties shown in the table below.

[0702] <Mixture example M1>

[0703] [Table 55]

[0704] <Mixture Example M2>

[0705] Table 56

[0706] <Mixture Example M3>

[0707] Table 57

[0708] <Mixture Example M4>

[0709] Table 58

[0710] <Mixture Example M5>

[0711] Table 59

[0712] <Mixture Example M6>

[0713] Table 60

[0714] <Mixture Example M7>

[0715] Table 61

[0716] <Mixture Example M8>

[0717] Table 62

[0718] <Mixture example M9>

[0719] [Table 63]

[0720] <Mixture example M10>

[0721] [Table 64]

[0722] <Mixture example M11>

[0723] [Table 65]

[0724] <Mixture example M12>

[0725] [Table 66]

[0726] <Mixture example M13>

[0727] [Table 67]

[0728] <Mixture example M14>

[0729] [Table 68]

[0730] <Mixture example M15> Mixture example M15 consists of 99.985% of mixture example M6 and 0.015% of compound ST-3a-1.

[0731] [ka]

[0732] <Mixture example M16>

[0733] [Table 69]

[0734] <Mixture example M17> Mixture example M17 consists of 99.98% of mixture example M1 and 0.02% of the compound of formula ST-12b-1.

[0735] [ka]

[0736] <Mixture example M18> Mixture example M18 consists of 99.985% of mixture example M1 and 0.015% of the compound of formula S1-1a.

[0737] [ka]

[0738] <Mixture example M19>

[0739] [Table 70]

[0740] Mixture example M19 contains 225 ppm of the compound of formula ST-19.

[0741] [ka]

[0742] <Mixture example M20>

[0743] [Table 71]

[0744] <Mixture Example M21>

[0745] Table 72

[0746] <Mixture Example M22>

[0747] Table 73

[0748] <Mixture Example M23>

[0749] Table 74

[0750] <Mixture Example M24>

[0751] Table 75

[0752] <Mixture Example M25>

[0753] Table 76

[0754] <Mixture Example M26>

[0755] Table 77

[0756] <Mixture Example M27>

[0757] Table 78

[0758] <Mixture Example M28>

[0759] Table 79

[0760] <Mixture Example M29>

[0761] Table 80

[0762] <Mixture Example M30>

[0763] Table 81

[0764] <Mixture Example M31>

[0765] Table 82

[0766] <Mixture Example M32>

[0767] Table 83

[0768] <Mixture Example M33>

[0769] Table 84

[0770] <Mixture Example M34>

[0771] Table 85

[0772] <Mixture Example M35>

[0773] Table 86

[0774] <Mixture Example M36>

[0775] Table 87

[0776] <Mixture Example M37>

[0777] Table 88

[0778] <Mixture Example M38>

[0779] Table 89

[0780] <Mixture Example M39>

[0781] Table 90

[0782] <Mixture Example M40>

[0783] Table 91

[0784] <Mixture Example M41>

[0785] Table 92

[0786] <Mixture Example M42>

[0787] Table 93

[0788] <Mixture Example M43>

[0789] Table 94

[0790] <Mixture Example M44>

[0791] Table 95

[0792] <Mixture Example M45>

[0793] Table 96

[0794] <Mixture Example M46>

[0795] Table 97

[0796] <Mixture Example M47>

[0797] Table 98

[0798] <Mixture Example M48>

[0799] Table 99

[0800] <Mixture Example M49>

[0801] Table 100

[0802] <Mixture Example M50>

[0803] Table 101

[0804] <Mixture Example M51>

[0805] Table 102

[0806] <Mixture Example M52>

[0807] Table 103

[0808] <Mixture Example M53>

[0809] Table 104

[0810] <Mixture Example M54>

[0811] Table 105

[0812] <Mixture Example M55>

[0813] Table 106

[0814] <Mixture Example M56>

[0815] Table 107

[0816] <Mixture Example M57>

[0817] Table 108

[0818] <Mixture Example M58>

[0819] Table 109

[0820] <Mixture Example M59>

[0821] Table 110

[0822] <Mixture Example M60>

[0823] Table 111

[0824] <Mixture Example M61>

[0825] Table 112

[0826] <Mixture Example M62>

[0827] Table 113

[0828] <Mixture Example M63>

[0829] Table 114

[0830] <Mixture Example M64>

[0831] Table 115

[0832] <Mixture Example M65>

[0833] Table 116

[0834] <Mixture Example M66>

[0835] Table 117

[0836] <Mixture Example M67>

[0837] Table 118

[0838] <Mixture Example M68>

[0839] Table 119

[0840] <Mixture Example M69>

[0841] Table 120

[0842] <Mixture Example M70>

[0843] Table 121

[0844] <Mixture Example M71>

[0845] Table 122

[0846] <Mixture Example M72>

[0847] Table 123

[0848] <Mixture Example M73>

[0849] Table 124

[0850] <Mixture Example M74>

[0851] Table 125

[0852] <Mixture Example M75>

[0853] Table 126

[0854] <Mixture Example M76>

[0855] Table 127

[0856] <Mixture Example M77>

[0857] Table 128

[0858] <Mixture Example M78>

[0859] Table 129

[0860] <Mixture Example M79>

[0861] Table 130

[0862] <Mixture Example M80>

[0863] Table 131

[0864] <Mixture Example M81>

[0865] Table 132

[0866] <Mixture Example M82>

[0867] Table 133

[0868] <Mixture Example M83>

[0869] Table 134

[0870] <Mixture Example M84>

[0871] Table 135

[0872] <Mixture Example M85>

[0873] Table 136

[0874] <Mixture Example M86>

[0875] Table 137

[0876] <Mixture Example M87>

[0877] Table 138

[0878] <Mixture Example M88>

[0879] Table 139

[0880] <Mixture Example M89>

[0881] Table 140

[0882] <Mixture Example M90>

[0883] Table 141

[0884] <Mixture Example M91>

[0885] Table 142

[0886] <Mixture Example M92>

[0887] Table 143

[0888] <Mixture Example M93>

[0889] Table 144

[0890] <Mixture Example M94>

[0891] Table 145

[0892] <Mixture Example M95>

[0893] Table 146

[0894] <Mixture Example M96>

[0895] Table 147

[0896] <Mixture Example M97>

[0897] Table 148

[0898] <Mixture Example M98>

[0899] Table 149

[0900] <Mixture example M99>

[0901] Table 150

[0902] <Mixture Example M100>

[0903] Table 151

[0904] <Mixture Example M101>

[0905] Table 152

[0906] <Mixture Example M102>

[0907] Table 153

[0908] <Mixture Example M104>

[0909] Table 154

[0910] <Mixture Example M105>

[0911] Table 155

[0912] <Mixture Example M106>

[0913] Table 156

[0914] <Mixture Example M107>

[0915] Table 157

[0916] <Mixture Example M108>

[0917] Table 158

[0918] <Mixture Example M109>

[0919] Table 159

[0920] <Mixture Example M110>

[0921] Table 160

[0922] <Mixture Example M111>

[0923] Table 161

[0924] <Mixture Example M112>

[0925] Table 162

[0926] <Mixture Example M113>

[0927] Table 163

[0928] <Mixture Example M114>

[0929] Table 164

[0930] <Mixture Example M115>

[0931] Table 165

[0932] <Mixture Example M116>

[0933] Table 166

[0934] <Mixture Example M117>

[0935] Table 167

[0936] <Mixture Example M118>

[0937] Table 168

[0938] <Mixture Example M119>

[0939] Table 169

[0940] <Mixture Example M120>

[0941] Table 170

[0942] <Mixture Example M121>

[0943] Table 171

[0944] <Mixture Example M122>

[0945] Table 172

[0946] <Mixture Example M123>

[0947] Table 173

[0948] <Mixture Example M124>

[0949] Table 174

[0950] <Mixture Example M125>

[0951] Table 175

[0952] <Mixture Example M126>

[0953] Table 176

[0954] <Mixture Example M127>

[0955] Table 177

[0956] <Mixture Example M128>

[0957] Table 178

[0958] <Mixture Example M129>

[0959] Table 179

[0960] <Mixture Example M130>

[0961] Table 180

[0962] <Mixture Example M131>

[0963] Table 181

[0964] <Mixture Example M132>

[0965] Table 182

[0966] <Mixture Example M133>

[0967] Table 183

[0968] <Mixture Example M134>

[0969] Table 184

[0970] <Mixture Example M135>

[0971] Table 185

[0972] <Mixture Example M136>

[0973] Table 186

[0974] <Mixture Example M137>

[0975] Table 187

[0976] <Mixture Example M138>

[0977] Table 188

[0978] <Mixture Example M139>

[0979] Table 189

[0980] <Mixture Example M140>

[0981] Table 190

[0982] <Mixture Example M141>

[0983] Table 191

[0984] <Mixture Example M142>

[0985] Table 192

[0986] <Mixture Example M143>

[0987] Table 193

[0988] <Mixture Example M144>

[0989] Table 194

[0990] <Mixture Example M145>

[0991] Table 195

[0992] <Mixture Example M146>

[0993] Table 196

[0994] <Mixture Example M147>

[0995] Table 197

[0996] <Mixture Example M148>

[0997] Table 198

[0998] <Mixture Example M149>

[0999] Table 199

[1000] <Mixture Example M149>

[1001] Table 200

[1002] <Mixture Example M150>

[1003] Table 201

[1004] <Mixture Example M151>

[1005] Table 202

[1006] <Mixture Example M152>

[1007] Table 203

[1008] <Mixture Example M153>

[1009] Table 204

[1010] <Mixture Example M154>

[1011] Table 205

[1012] <Mixture Example M155>

[1013] Table 206

[1014] <Mixture Example M156>

[1015] Table 207

[1016] <Mixture Example M157>

[1017] Table 208

[1018] <Mixture Example M158>

[1019] Table 209

[1020] <Mixture Example M159>

[1021] Table 210

[1022] <Mixture Example M160>

[1023] Table 211

[1024] <Mixture Example M161>

[1025] Table 212

[1026] <Mixture Example M162>

[1027] Table 213

[1028] <Mixture Example M163>

[1029] Table 214

[1030] <Mixture Example M164>

[1031] Table 215

[1032] <Mixture Example M165>

[1033] Table 216

[1034] <Mixture Example M166>

[1035] Table 217

[1036] <Mixture Example M167>

[1037] Table 218

[1038] <Mixture Example M168>

[1039] Table 219

[1040] <Mixture Example M169>

[1041] Table 220

[1042] <Mixture Example M170>

[1043] Table 221

[1044] <Mixture Example M171>

[1045] Table 222

[1046] <Mixture Example M172>

[1047] Table 223

[1048] <Mixture Example M173>

[1049] Table 224

[1050] <Mixture Example M174>

[1051] Table 225

[1052] <Mixture Example M175>

[1053] Table 226

[1054] <Mixture Example M176>

[1055] Table 227

[1056] <Mixture Example M177>

[1057] Table 228

[1058] <Mixture Example M178>

[1059] Table 229

[1060] <Mixture Example M179>

[1061] Table 230

[1062] <Mixture Example M180>

[1063] Table 231

[1064] <Mixture Example M181>

[1065] Table 232

[1066] <Mixture Example M182>

[1067] Table 233

[1068] <Mixture Example M183>

[1069] Table 234

[1070] <Mixture Example M184>

[1071] Table 235

[1072] <Mixture Example M185>

[1073] Table 236

[1074] <Mixture Example M186>

[1075] Table 237

[1076] <Mixture Example M187>

[1077] Table 238

[1078] <Mixture Example M188>

[1079] Table 239

[1080] <Mixture Example M189>

[1081] Table 240

[1082] <Mixture Example M190>

[1083] Table 241

[1084] <Mixture Example M191>

[1085] Table 242

[1086] <Mixture Example M192>

[1087] Table 243

[1088] <Mixture Example M193>

[1089] Table 244

[1090] <Mixture Example M194>

[1091] Table 245

[1092] <Mixture Example M195>

[1093] Table 246

[1094] <Mixture Example M196>

[1095] Table 247

[1096] <Mixture Example M197>

[1097] Table 248

[1098] <Mixture Example M198>

[1099] Table 249

[1100] <Mixture Example M199>

[1101] Table 250

[1102] <Mixture Example M200>

[1103] Table 251

[1104] <Mixture Example M201>

[1105] Table 252

[1106] <Mixture Example M202>

[1107] Table 253

[1108] <Mixture Example M203>

[1109] Table 254

[1110] <Mixture Example M204>

[1111] Table 255

[1112] <Mixture Example M205>

[1113] Table 256

[1114] <Mixture Example M206>

[1115] Table 257

[1116] <Mixture Example M207>

[1117] Table 258

[1118] <Mixture Example M208>

[1119] Table 259

[1120] <Mixture Example M209>

[1121] Table 260

[1122] <Mixture Example M210>

[1123] Table 261

[1124] <Mixture Example M211>

[1125] Table 262

[1126] <Mixture Example M212>

[1127] Table 263

[1128] <Mixture Example M213>

[1129] Table 264

[1130] <Mixture Example M214>

[1131] Table 265

[1132] <Mixture Example M215>

[1133] Table 266

[1134] <Mixture Example M216>

[1135] Table 267

[1136] <Mixture Example M217>

[1137] Table 268

[1138] <Mixture Example M218>

[1139] Table 269

[1140] <Mixture Example M219>

[1141] Table 270

[1142] <Mixture Example M220>

[1143] Table 271

[1144] <Mixture example M221>

[1145] Table 272

[1146] <Mixture Example M222>

[1147] Table 273

[1148] <Mixture Example M223>

[1149] Table 274

[1150] <Mixture Example M224>

[1151] Table 275

[1152] <Mixture Example M225>

[1153] Table 276

[1154] <Mixture Example M226>

[1155] Table 277

[1156] <Mixture Example M227>

[1157] Table 278

[1158] <Mixture Example M228>

[1159] Table 279

[1160] <Mixture example M229>

[1161] Table 280

[1162] <Mixture Example M230>

[1163] Table 281

[1164] <Mixture Example M231>

[1165] Table 282

[1166] <Mixture Example M232>

[1167] Table 283

[1168] <Mixture Example M233>

[1169] Table 284

[1170] <Mixture Example M234>

[1171] Table 285

[1172] <Mixture Example M235>

[1173] Table 286

[1174] <Mixture Example M236>

[1175] Table 287

[1176] <Mixture Example M237>

[1177] Table 288

[1178] <Mixture Example M238>

[1179] Table 289

[1180] <Mixture Example M239>

[1181] Table 290

[1182] <Mixture Example M240>

[1183] Table 291

[1184] <Mixture Example M241>

[1185] Table 292

[1186] <Mixture Example M242>

[1187] Table 293

[1188] <Mixture Example M243>

[1189] Table 294

[1190] <Mixture Example M244>

[1191] Table 295

[1192] <Mixture Example M245>

[1193] Table 296

[1194] <Mixture Example M246>

[1195] Table 297

[1196] <Mixture Example M247>

[1197] Table 298

[1198] <Mixture Example M248>

[1199] Table 299

[1200] <Mixture Example M249>

[1201] Table 300

[1202] <Mixture Example M250>

[1203] Table 301

[1204] <Mixture Example M251>

[1205] Table 302

[1206] <Mixture example M252>

[1207] Table 303

[1208] <Mixture Example M253>

[1209] Table 304

[1210] <Mixture Example M254>

[1211] Table 305

[1212] <Mixture Example M255>

[1213] Table 306

[1214] <Mixture Example M256>

[1215] Table 307

[1216] <Mixture Example M257>

[1217] Table 308

[1218] <Mixture Example M258>

[1219] Table 309

[1220] <Mixture Example M259>

[1221] Table 310

[1222] <Mixture Example M260>

[1223] Table 311

[1224] <Mixture Example M261>

[1225] Table 312

[1226] <Mixture Example M262>

[1227] Table 313

[1228] <Mixture Example M263>

[1229] Table 314

[1230] <Mixture Example M264>

[1231] Table 315

[1232] <Mixture Example M265>

[1233] Table 316

[1234] <Mixture Example M266>

[1235] Table 317

[1236] <Mixture Example M267>

[1237] Table 318

[1238] <Mixture Example M268>

[1239] Table 319

[1240] <Mixture Example M269>

[1241] Table 320

[1242] <Mixture Example M270>

[1243] Table 321

[1244] <Mixture Example M271>

[1245] Table 322

[1246] <Mixture Example M272>

[1247] Table 323

[1248] <Mixture Example M273>

[1249] Table 324

[1250] <Mixture Example M274>

[1251] Table 325

[1252] <Mixture Example M275>

[1253] Table 326

[1254] <Mixture Example M276>

[1255] Table 327

[1256] <Mixture Example M277>

[1257] Table 328

[1258] <Mixture Example M278>

[1259] Table 329

[1260] <Mixture Example M279>

[1261] Table 330

[1262] <Mixture Example M280>

[1263] Table 331

[1264] <Mixture Example M281>

[1265] Table 332

[1266] <Mixture Example M282>

[1267] Table 333

[1268] <Mixture Example M283>

[1269] Table 334

[1270] <Mixture Example M284>

[1271] Table 335

[1272] <Mixture Example M285>

[1273] Table 336

[1274] <Mixture Example M286>

[1275] Table 337

[1276] <Mixture Example M287>

[1277] Table 338

[1278] <Mixture Example M288>

[1279] Table 339

[1280] <Mixture Example M289>

[1281] Table 340

[1282] <Mixture Example M290>

[1283] Table 341

[1284] <Mixture Example M291>

[1285] Table 342

[1286] <Mixture Example M292>

[1287] Table 343

[1288] <Mixture example M293>

[1289] Table 344

[1290] <Mixture Example M294>

[1291] Table 345

[1292] <Mixture Example M295>

[1293] Table 346

[1294] <Mixture Example M296>

[1295] Table 347

[1296] <Mixture Example M297>

[1297] Table 348

[1298] <Mixture Example M298>

[1299] Table 349

[1300] <Mixture example M299>

[1301] Table 350

[1302] <Mixture Example M300>

[1303] Table 351

[1304] <Mixture example M301>

[1305] Table 352

[1306] <Mixture Example M302>

[1307] Table 353

[1308] <Mixture Example M303>

[1309] Table 354

[1310] <Mixture Example M304>

[1311] Table 355

[1312] <Mixture Example M305>

[1313] Table 356

[1314] <Mixture Example M306>

[1315] Table 357

[1316] <Mixture Example M307>

[1317] Table 358

[1318] <Mixture Example M308>

[1319] Table 359

[1320] <Mixture Example M309>

[1321] Table 360

[1322] <Mixture Example M310>

[1323] Table 361

[1324] <Mixture Example M311>

[1325] Table 362

[1326] <Mixture Example M312>

[1327] Table 363

[1328] <Mixture Example M313>

[1329] Table 364

[1330] <Mixture Example M314>

[1331] Table 365

[1332] <Mixture Example M315>

[1333] Table 366

[1334] <Mixture Example M316>

[1335] Table 367

[1336] <Mixture Example M317>

[1337] Table 368

[1338] <Mixture Example M318>

[1339] Table 369

[1340] <Mixture Example M319>

[1341] Table 370

[1342] <Mixture Example M320>

[1343] Table 371

[1344] <Mixture Example M321>

[1345] Table 372

[1346] <Mixture Example M322>

[1347] Table 373

[1348] <Mixture Example M323>

[1349] Table 374

[1350] <Mixture Example M324>

[1351] Table 375

[1352] <Mixture Example M325>

[1353] Table 376

[1354] <Mixture Example M326>

[1355] Table 377

[1356] <Mixture Example M327>

[1357] Table 378

[1358] <Mixture Example M328>

[1359] Table 379

[1360] <Mixture Example M329>

[1361] Table 380

[1362] <Mixture Example M330>

[1363] Table 381

[1364] <Mixture Example M331>

[1365] Table 382

[1366] <Mixture Example M332>

[1367] Table 383

[1368] <Mixture Example M333>

[1369] Table 384

[1370] <Mixture Example M334>

[1371] Table 385

[1372] <Mixture Example M335>

[1373] Table 386

[1374] <Mixture Example M336>

[1375] Table 387

[1376] <Mixture Example M337>

[1377] Table 388

[1378] <Mixture Example M338>

[1379] Table 389

[1380] <Mixture Example M339>

[1381] Table 390

[1382] <Mixture Example M340>

[1383] Table 391

[1384] <Mixture Example M341>

[1385] Table 392

[1386] <Mixture Example M342>

[1387] Table 393

[1388] <Mixture Example M343>

[1389] Table 394

[1390] <Mixture Example M344>

[1391] Table 395

[1392] <Mixture Example M345>

[1393] Table 396

[1394] <Mixture Example M346>

[1395] Table 397

[1396] <Mixture Example M347>

[1397] Table 398

[1398] <Mixture Example M348>

[1399] Table 399

[1400] <Mixture Example M349>

[1401] Table 400

[1402] <Mixture Example M350>

[1403] Table 401

[1404] <Mixture Example M351>

[1405] Table 402

[1406] <Mixture Example M352>

[1407] Table 403

[1408] <Mixture Example M353>

[1409] Table 404

[1410] <Mixture Example M354>

[1411] Table 405

[1412] <Mixture Example M355>

[1413] Table 406

[1414] <Mixture Example M356>

[1415] Table 407

[1416] <Mixture Example M357>

[1417] Table 408

[1418] <Mixture Example M358>

[1419] Table 409

[1420] <Mixture Example M359>

[1421] Table 410

[1422] <Mixture Example M360>

[1423] Table 411

[1424] <Mixture Example M361>

[1425] Table 412

[1426] <Mixture example M362>

[1427] Table 413

[1428] <Mixture Example M363>

[1429] Table 414

[1430] <Mixture example M364>

[1431] Table 415

[1432] <Mixture Example M365>

[1433] Table 416

[1434] <Mixture Example M366>

[1435] Table 417

[1436] <Mixture Example M367>

[1437] Table 418

[1438] <Mixture Example M368>

[1439] Table 419

[1440] <Mixture Example M369>

[1441] Table 420

[1442] <Mixture Example M370>

[1443] Table 421

[1444] <Mixture Example M371>

[1445] Table 422

[1446] <Mixture Example M372>

[1447] Table 423

[1448] <Mixture Example M373>

[1449] Table 424

[1450] <Mixture Example M374>

[1451] Table 425

[1452] <Mixture Example M375>

[1453] Table 426

[1454] <Mixture Example M376>

[1455] Table 427

[1456] <Mixture Example M377>

[1457] Table 428

[1458] <Mixture Example M378>

[1459] Table 429

[1460] <Mixture Example M379>

[1461] Table 430

[1462] <Mixture Example M380>

[1463] Table 431

[1464] <Mixture Example M381>

[1465] Table 432

[1466] <Mixture Example M382>

[1467] Table 433

[1468] <Mixture Example M383>

[1469] Table 434

[1470] <Mixture Example M384>

[1471] Table 435

[1472] <Mixture Example M385>

[1473] Table 436

[1474] <Mixture Example M386>

[1475] Table 437

[1476] <Mixture Example M387>

[1477] Table 438

[1478] <Mixture Example M388>

[1479] Table 439

[1480] <Mixture Example M389>

[1481] Table 440

[1482] <Mixture Example M390>

[1483] Table 441

[1484] <Mixture Example M391>

[1485] Table 442

[1486] <Mixture Example M392>

[1487] Table 443

[1488] <Mixture Example M393>

[1489] Table 444

[1490] <Mixture Example M394>

[1491] Table 445

[1492] <Mixture Example M395>

[1493] Table 446

[1494] <Mixture Example M396>

[1495] Table 447

[1496] <Mixture Example M397>

[1497] Table 448

[1498] <Mixture Example M398>

[1499] Table 449

[1500] <Mixture Example M399>

[1501] Table 450

[1502] <Mixture Example M400>

[1503] Table 451

[1504] <Mixture Example M401>

[1505] Table 452

[1506] <Mixture Example M402>

[1507] Table 453

[1508] <Mixture Example M403>

[1509] Table 454

[1510] <Mixture Example M404>

[1511] [Table 455]

[1512] <Mixture example M405>

[1513] [Table 456]

[1514] <Mixture example M406>

[1515] [Table 457]

[1516] <Mixture example M407>

[1517] [Table 458]

[1518] <Mixture example M408>

[1519] [Table 459]

[1520] <Mixture example M409>

[1521] [Table 460]

[1522] Mixture M409 contains 300 ppm of compound ST-3a-1.

[1523] <Mixture example M410>

[1524] [Table 461]

[1525] Mixture M410 contains 300 ppm of compound ST-3a-1.

[1526] <Mixture example M411>

[1527] [Table 462]

[1528] Mixture M411 contains 300 ppm of compound ST-3a-1.

[1529] <Mixture example M412>

[1530] [Table 463]

[1531] <Mixture example M413>

[1532] [Table 464]

[1533] <Mixture example M414>

[1534] [Table 465]

[1535] <Mixture example M414>

[1536] [Table 466]

[1537] <Mixture example M415>

[1538] Table 467

[1539] <Mixture Example M416>

[1540] Table 468

[1541] <Mixture Example M417>

[1542] Table 469

[1543] <Mixture Example M418>

[1544] Table 470

[1545] <Mixture Example M419>

[1546] Table 471

[1547] <Mixture Example M420>

[1548] Table 472

[1549] <Mixture Example M421>

[1550] Table 473

[1551] <Mixture Example M422>

[1552] Table 474

[1553] <Mixture Example M423>

[1554] Table 475

[1555] <Mixture Example M424>

[1556] Table 476

[1557] <Mixture Example M424>

[1558] Table 477

[1559] <Mixture Example M425>

[1560] Table 478

[1561] <Mixture Example M426>

[1562] Table 479

[1563] <Overlapping mixtures> The following polymerizable mixtures are prepared from the nematic mixtures given in Table 1 by adding reactive mesogens (RM) selected from the group of compounds of formula RM-1, RM-17, RM-35, RM-64, and RM-171 in the amounts (%RM) given in Table 1.

[1564] [Table 480]

[1565] Table 1: Polymerizable mixture

[1566] [Table 481]

[1567] <Chiral Nematic Mixture> A chiral nematic mixture is prepared by adding the chiral dopant S-811, S-2011, or S-4011, respectively.

[1568] [ka]

[1569] <Mixture example Ch1> Mixture example Ch1 consists of 99.09% of mixture example M14 and 0.91% of chiral dopant S-4011.

[1570] <Mixture example Ch2> Mixture example Ch2 consists of 99.12% of mixture example M315 and 0.88% of the chiral dopant S-4011.

[1571] <Chiral polymerizable mixture>

[1572] <Example of mixture PCh1> The chiral polymerizable mixture PCh1 consists of 99.434% mixture example Ch1, 0.300% RM-1, 0.200% RM-145, 0.050% RM-163, 0.001% Irganox1076, and 0.015% compound ST-3a-1.

[1573] [ka]

[1574] <Mixture example PCh2> The chiral polymerizable mixture PCh2 consists of 99.434% mixture example Ch2, 0.300% RM-1, 0.200% RM-145, 0.050% RM-163, 0.001% Irganox1076, and 0.015% compound ST-3a-1.

Claims

1. a) A liquid crystal medium comprising one or more compounds of formula I, and b) one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID. 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, R １ and R ２ This represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having the same or different H atoms, 1 to 15 C atoms, a linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 15 C atoms, or a branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups are present in these groups. ２ The group is designed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. 【Chemistry 2】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. Z １ represents -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C ２ H ４ -, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or a single bond, L １ and L ２ These are F, Cl, and CF, which are independent of each other. ３ or CHF ２ This represents, Y is H, F, Cl, CF ３ CHF ２ or CH ３ (This represents...) 【Transformation 3】 (In the formula, R ２Ａ , R ２Ｂ , R ２Ｃ and R ２Ｄ This represents a linear alkyl or alkoxy group having the same or different H atoms, 1 to 15 C atoms, a linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 15 C atoms, or a branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 3 to 15 C atoms, provided that one or more CH groups are present in these groups. ２ The group is designed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. 【Chemistry 4】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. L １ and L ２ These are F, Cl, and CF, which are independent of each other. ３ or CHF ２ This represents, Y is H, F, Cl, CF ３ CHF ２ or CH ３ This represents, Z ２ Z ２Ｂ and Z ２Ｄ Each of them is independently bonded to the other by a single bond, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -CH=CH-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -C ２ F ４ -, -CF=CF- or -CH=CHCH ２ Represents O-, p represents 0, 1, or 2. q represents 0 or 1, and v represents an integer between 1 and 6.

2. The liquid crystal medium according to claim 1, wherein one or more compounds of formula I are selected from the group of compounds of formula I-1 to I-17. 【Transformation 5】 【Transformation 6】 【Transformation 7】 (In the formula, alkyl and alkyl ＊ Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. alkenyl represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. A cycloalkyl is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (CH in the group). ２ The basis is, 【Transformation 8】 It is replaced by (representing).

3. A liquid crystal medium according to claim 1 or 2, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IIB and IID as defined in claim 1.

4. The medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IID-1 and IID-7. 【Chemistry 9】 (In the formula, "alkyl" represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different in each instance.)

5. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising one or more compounds of formula III. 【Chemistry 10】 (In the formula, R ３１ and R ３２ Each represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having H and 1 to 15 C atoms independently of each other, provided that one or more CH groups are present in these groups. ２ The group is designed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. 【Chemistry 11】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. A ３１ Each of them appeared independently of the others. a) A 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene group, with one or two non-adjacent CH groups in the group. ２ The base can be replaced with -O- or -S-. b) A 1,4-phenylene group, in which one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, or c) Groups from the group spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl and fluorene-2,7-diyl This represents, However, groups a), b), and c) may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted with halogen atoms. n represents 0, 1, or 2. Z ３１ In each occurrence, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, and -CF appear independently of each other. ２ O-, -OCF ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -ien-CH ２ -ien-CH ２ CH ２ -, - (CH ２ ) ４ -, -CH=CH-CH ２ O-, -C ２ F ４ -ien-CH ２ CF ２ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or single bond, L ３１ and L ３２ These are F, Cl, and CF, which are independent of each other. ３ or CHF ２ Represents, and (W represents O or S.)

6. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula III-1, III-2, and III-3. 【Chemistry 12】 (In the formula, the bases appearing have the meanings defined in claim 5.)

7. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IIA-18, IIA-40, and IIA-42. 【Chemistry 13】 (In the formula, Alkyl represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, which may be identical or different in each instance, and (O) represents O or a single bond.

8. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising one or more compounds of formula IV. 【Chemistry 14】 (In the formula, R ４１ This represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms. R ４２ (This represents an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.)

9. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, and IV-4. 【Chemistry 15】 (In the formula, alkyl and alkyl' independently represent alkyl groups having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. alkenyl and alkenyl' independently represent alkenyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Alkoxy represents an alkoxy molecule containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

10. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising one or more compounds of formula IVa. 【Chemistry 16】 (In the formula, R ４１ and R ４２ Each of these represents a linear alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxy group having up to 12 carbon atoms independently of each other. 【Chemistry 17】 This represents, Z ４ represents a single bond, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -CH=CH-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -C ２ F ４ -, -C ４ H ８ -, or -CF=CF-.

11. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising one or more compounds of formula IVb-1 to IVb-3. [Chemistry 18] (In the formula, alkyl and alkyl ＊ Each of these represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other. alkenyl and alkenyl ＊ (Each of these represents a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms independently of each other.)

12. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising one or more compounds of formula V. 【Chemistry 19】 (In the formula, R ５１ , R ５２ These independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkenyloxy group. 【Chemistry 20】 This represents, Z ５１ and Z ５２ are the same or different and are -CH ２ -CH ２ -, -CH ２ -O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO- or a single bond, and n is either 1 or 2.

13. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula V-1 to V-16. 【Chemistry 21】 【Chemistry 22】 (In the formula, R ５１ and R ５２ (This has the meaning defined in claim 12.)

14. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising one or more compounds of formula VIII. 【Chemistry 23】 (In the formula, R ８１ and R ８２ This represents the same or different H, halogen, CN, SCN, a linear alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, a linear alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, provided that one or more CH groups are present in these groups. ２ The group is designed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. 【Chemistry 24】 -C≡C-, -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- may be substituted for each other independently, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced by halogens. A ０ A ８１ and A ８１ These are each independently of each other: phenylene-1,4-diyl (where one or two CH groups may be replaced by N, and one or more H atoms are halogens, CN, CH ３ CHF ２ ,CH ２ F, CF ３ , OCH ３ , OCHF ２ or OCF ３ It may be replaced with: ), cyclohexane-1,4-diyl (one or two non-adjacent CH groups in the group) ２ The groups may be independently replaced by O and / or S, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F. ), representing cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl; Z ８１ and Z ８１ Each of them independently of the other is -CF ２ O-, -OCF ２ -ien-CH ２ O-, -OCH ２ -, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C ２ H ４ -, -C ２ F ４ -, -CF ２ CH ２ -ien-CH ２ CF ２ -, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH ２ -ien-CH ２ CFH-, -CF ２ CFH-, -CFHCF ２ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, or single bond; n represents 0, 1, 2, or 3; and (m represents 0, 1, 2, or 3.)

15. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula PI and PII. 【Chemistry 25】 (In the formula, R ２ and R ３ This represents H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, provided that one or more CH groups are present in these groups. ２ The group is designed so that the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. 【Chemistry 26】 It may be replaced with -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, and one or more H atoms in the group may be replaced with halogens. 【Chemistry 27】 They are independent of each other, 【Chemistry 28】 This represents, L ２１ , L ２２ , L ３１ and L ３２ Each of these independently represents either H or F. Y ２ and Y ３ H or CH are the same or different. ３ This represents, X ２ and X ３ Each of these independently represents a halogen, an alkyl halide or alkoxy halide having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl halide or alkenyloxy halide having 2 or 3 carbon atoms. Z ３ is, -CH ２ CH ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ -, -COO-, trans-CH=CH-, trans-CF=CF-, -CH ２ O- or single bond, and l, m, n, and o are each independently 0 or 1.

16. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising at least one type of chiral dopant.

17. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising one, two, or three or more polymerizable compounds.

18. A liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising one, two, or three or more stabilizers.

19. A liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The liquid crystal display according to claim 19, which is a VA, IPS, FFS, PS-VA, PS-IPS, or PS-FFS type display.

21. Use of a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 18 in an electro-optical display.

22. A method for preparing a liquid crystal medium according to any one of claims 1 to 18, A method comprising at least the step of mixing one or more compounds of formula I with one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID, and optionally with a polymerizable mixture, a chiral dopant, a stabilizer, or a further liquid crystal compound or additive.

Images