Apparatus and method for IoT non-terrestrial networks supporting store-and-forward mode

Abstract

This invention provides an apparatus and method for supporting the Store and Forward (S&F) mode in NTN (Non-Terrestrial Network). [Solution] In a wireless communication system, the satellite equipment can send a message to the UE (User Equipment) containing information related to S&F mode, which can trigger communication with the UE based on the message. The message includes at least one of the following: information indicating whether RT (Real-Time) mode is temporarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the cell's operating mode is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; satellite celestial force information; or footprint information provided by the satellite.

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present disclosure relates to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) that provides a wireless communication service via a satellite located in the Earth's orbit or an aerial vehicle flying at a high altitude, rather than a terrestrial base station on the ground. More specifically, it relates to an apparatus and method for an IoT (Internet of Everything) NTN (non-terrestrial network) that supports a store-and-forward mode. 【Background Art】 【0002】 A non-terrestrial network (NTN) has been introduced to supplement a terrestrial network that provides a wireless communication system. The non-terrestrial network can provide communication services even in areas where it is difficult to construct a terrestrial network or in disaster situations. Furthermore, due to the recent reduction in satellite launch costs, it has become possible to provide an efficient access network environment. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0003】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a satellite device for providing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. The device may include memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and at least one transceiver. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the device may cause a message to be sent to a user equipment (UE) containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and to communicate with the UE based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instruction information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or the S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0004】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide user equipment (UE) for performing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. The UE may include memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and at least one transceiver. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the UE may receive a message from a satellite configured to perform evolved node B (eNB) functions, containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and based on the message, initiate communication with the satellite. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the cell's operating mode is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0005】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a method performed by a satellite for providing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. This method may include sending a message to a user equipment (UE) containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and communicating with the UE based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0006】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a method performed by user equipment (UE) for performing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. This method may include receiving a message from a satellite configured to perform evolved node B (eNB) functions, the message containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and communicating with the satellite based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the cell's operating mode is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. [Brief explanation of the drawing] 【0007】 [Figure 1] This shows a wireless communication system. [Figure 2a] An example of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) is shown. [Figure 2b] An example of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) is shown. [Figure 3a] An example of a control plane (C-plane) is shown. [Figure 3b] An example of a user plane (U-plane) is shown. [Figure 4] This shows an example of a resource structure in the time-frequency domain in a wireless communication system. [Figure 5] This example shows the S&F (store and forward) mode in IoT (Internet of Everything) NTN (non-terrestrial network). [Figure 6]This shows an example of signaling to provide S&F configuration information. [Figure 7] This shows an example of signaling to provide S&F condition information. [Figure 8] An example of signaling to support S&F mode is shown. [Figure 9] An example of signaling to support S&F mode is shown. [Figure 10] Examples of UE (user equipment) components are shown. [Figure 11] Examples of satellite components are shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention] 【0008】 The terms used in this disclosure are used solely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of other embodiments. Singular expressions can, in context, include plural expressions unless otherwise specified. Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art described herein. Terms used herein that are defined in a general dictionary may be interpreted as having the same or similar meaning as in the context of the relevant art, and not as ideally or excessively formal unless expressly defined herein. In some cases, terms defined herein may not be interpreted in a way that excludes embodiments of this disclosure. 【0009】 The various embodiments of the Disclosure described below illustrate hardware-based approaches as examples. However, since the various embodiments of the Disclosure include techniques that use both hardware and software, the various embodiments of the Disclosure do not exclude software-based approaches. 【0010】 The terms used in the following description, such as those referring to signals (e.g., signal, information, message, signaling), resources (e.g., symbol, slot, subframe, radio frame, subcarrier, RE (resource element), RB (resource block), BWP (bandwidth part), occasion), operational states (e.g., step, operation, procedure), data (e.g., packet, user stream, information, bit, symbol, codeword), channels, network entities, and device components, are provided as examples for illustrative purposes only. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the terms described below, and other terms with equivalent technical meanings may be used. 【0011】 In the following description, the terms "physical channel" and "signal" may be used interchangeably with "data" or "control signal." For example, PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) is a term referring to a physical channel through which data is transmitted, but PDSCH may also be used to refer to data. In other words, in this disclosure, the expression "transmit a physical channel" may be interpreted as equivalent to the expression "transmit data or a signal over a physical channel." 【0012】 Hereinafter, in this disclosure, "upper signaling" means a signal transmission method transmitted from a base station to a terminal using a physical layer downlink data channel, or from a terminal to a base station using a physical layer uplink data channel. Upper signaling may be understood as RRC (radio resource control) signaling or MAC control element (hereinafter referred to as "CE"). 【0013】 Furthermore, this disclosure may use expressions greater than or less than to determine whether a particular condition is satisfied or fulfilled, but this is merely an illustrative example and does not preclude the use of greater than or less than expressions. Conditions described as "greater than or equal to" may be replaced with "greater than or equal to," conditions described as "less than or equal to" may be replaced with "less than or equal to," and conditions described as "greater than or equal to and less than" may be replaced with "greater than and less than or equal to." Also, hereafter, "A" to "B" means at least one of the elements from A to B (including B). Hereinafter, "C" and / or "D" means including at least one of "C" or "D," i.e., ["C", "D", "C" and "D"]. 【0014】 In this disclosure, signal quality may be at least one of the following: RSRP (reference signal received power), BRSRP (beam reference signal received power), RSRQ (reference signal received quality), RSSI (received signal strength indicator), SINR (signal to interference and noise ratio), CINR (carrier to interference and noise ratio), SNR (signal to noise ratio), EVM (error vector magnitude), BER (bit error rate), or BLER (block error rate). Needless to say, in addition to the examples above, other terms or metrics representing channel quality with equivalent technical meaning may be used. Hereinafter in this disclosure, high signal quality means that the signal quality value related to signal size is large or the signal quality value related to error rate is small. Higher signal quality may mean that a smoother wireless communication environment is guaranteed. The optimal beam may mean the beam with the highest signal quality within the beam. 【0015】 This disclosure describes various embodiments using terms used in several communication standards (e.g., 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)), which are merely illustrative for the purpose of explanation. Various embodiments of this disclosure can be easily modified and applied in other communication systems. 【0016】 FIG. 1 shows a wireless communication system. Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows a radio interface of a radio access technology (RAT), and shows a terminal 110 and a base station 120 as part of a node that utilizes a radio channel in a wireless communication system using EUTRAN (evolved UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) radio access network) or NR (New Radio). Although FIG. 1 shows only one base station, the wireless communication system may further include other base stations that are the same as or similar to the base station (e.g., LTE eNB or NR gNB) 120. 【0017】 Terminal 110 is a device used by a user and communicates with base station 120 via a wireless channel. The link from base station 120 to terminal 110 is called the downlink (DL), and the link from terminal 110 to base station 120 is called the uplink (UL). Also, although not shown in FIG. 1, terminal 110 and other terminals can communicate with each other via a wireless channel. In this case, the link between terminal 110 and other terminals (device-to-device link, D2D) is called a sidelink, and this sidelink can be mixed with the PC5 interface. In some other embodiments, terminal 110 can be operated without user involvement. According to one embodiment, terminal 110 is a device that executes machine type communication (MTC) and may not be carried by a user. Further, according to one embodiment, terminal 110 can be a NB (Narrowband)-IoT (Internet of thing) device. 【0018】 In describing the system and method herein, terminal 110 can be an electronic device used to communicate voice and / or data to base station 120, and base station 120 can in turn communicate with a network of devices (e.g., a public switched telephone network (PSTN), the Internet, etc.). 【0019】 Furthermore, terminal 110 may be referred to as "user equipment (UE)", "vehicle", "customer premises equipment (CPE)", "mobile station", "subscriber station", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal", "electronic device", or "user device", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "remote station", "user terminal", "subscriber unit", "mobile device", or other terms with equivalent technical meaning. 【0020】 Examples of terminal 110 include mobile phones, smartphones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptop computers, netbooks, e-readers, and wireless modems. In the 3GPP standard, terminal 110 is typically referred to as a UE. However, since the scope disclosed herein should not be limited to the 3GPP standard, the terms “UE” and “terminal” may be used interchangeably herein to mean the more general term “wireless communication device.” A UE may more generally be referred to as a terminal equipment device. 【0021】 A base station 120 is network infrastructure that provides wireless connectivity to terminals 110. Terminals 110 have coverage defined based on the distance over which they can transmit signals. In 3GPP standards, base stations 120 may be referred to as "Node B," "Evolved Node B (eNodeB, eNB)," "5G node (5th generation node)," "Next generation node B (gNB)," "Home Enhanced or Evolved Node B (HeNB)," as well as "Access point (AP)," "Wireless point," "Transmission / reception point (TRP)," or other terms with equivalent technical meaning. 【0022】 Since the scope of what is disclosed herein should not be limited to 3GPP standards, the terms “base station,” “node B,” “eNB,” and “HeNB” may be used interchangeably herein to mean the more general term “base station.” Furthermore, the term “base station” may be used to represent an access point. An access point may be an electronic device that provides access to a network for wireless communication devices (e.g., a local area network (LAN), the Internet, etc.). The term “communication device” may be used to represent both a wireless communication device and / or a base station. An eNB or gNB may be more generally referred to as a base station device. 【0023】 The base station 120 can communicate with the core network entity 130. For example, the core network entity 130 may include a mobility management entity (MME) responsible for the control plane, such as terminal 110 connectivity and mobility control functions, and a serving gateway (S-GW) responsible for control functions over user data. 【0024】 Terminal 110 can perform beamforming with base station 120. Terminal 110 and base station 120 can transmit and receive radio signals in relatively low frequency bands (e.g., NR FR1 (frequency range 1)). Terminal 110 and base station 120 can also transmit and receive radio signals in relatively high frequency bands (e.g., NR FR2 (or FR2-1, FR2-2, FR2-3), FR3) and millimeter wave (mmWave) bands (e.g., 28GHz, 30GHz, 38GHz, 60GHz). To improve channel gain, terminal 110 and base station 120 can perform beamforming. Here, beamforming may include transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming. Terminal 110 and base station 120 can impart directionality to the transmitted or received signal. For this purpose, terminal 110 and base station 120 can select a serving beam through a beam search or beam management procedure. After the serving beam is selected, communication may be carried out through a resource that has a Quasi Co-Location (QCL) relationship with the resource that transmitted the serving beam. 【0025】 If the large-scale characteristics of the channel that transmitted the symbol on the first antenna port can be inferred from the channel that transmitted the symbol on the second antenna port, then the first and second antenna ports can be evaluated as being in a QCL relationship. For example, the large-scale characteristics may include at least one of the following: delay spread, Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and spatial receiver parameter. 【0026】 Both terminal 110 and base station 120 can perform beamforming, but the embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily limited thereto. In some embodiments, terminal 110 may or may not perform beamforming. Similarly, base station 120 may or may not perform beamforming. That is, either terminal 110 or base station 120 may perform beamforming alone, or neither terminal 110 nor base station 120 may perform beamforming. 【0027】 In this disclosure, "beam" means the spatial flow of a signal in a radio channel, which is formed by one or more antennas (or antenna elements), and such formation process may be referred to as beamforming. Beamforming may include at least one of analog beamforming or digital beamforming (e.g., precoding). Reference signals transmitted based on beamforming may include, for example, DM-RS (demodulation-reference signal), CSI-RS (channel state information-reference signal), SS / PBCH (synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel), and SRS (sounding reference signal). Furthermore, an information element (IE), such as a CSI-RS resource or an SRS resource, may be used as the configuration of each reference signal, and such a configuration may include information associated with the beam. Beam-related information can mean whether the configuration (e.g., a CSI-RS resource) uses the same spatial domain filter as other configurations (e.g., other CSI-RS resources within the same CSI-RS resource set), or uses a different spatial domain filter, or which reference signal it is quasi-co-located with, and if so, what type of quasi-co-located 【0028】 Hereinafter, in order to describe the embodiments, the terminal may be referred to as UE110, and the base station may be referred to as eNB120 or gNB120.Hereinafter, in this disclosure, eNB120 is described as an example of a node providing an access network in order to describe IoT NTN for IoT UE, but it goes without saying that the same or similar methods can be applied to gNB120. 【0029】 Figures 2a and 2b illustrate examples of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). Figure 2a shows an example of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) utilizing transparent satellites. Figure 2b shows an example of a non-terrestrial network (NTN) utilizing regenerative satellites. NTN refers to an access network that provides non-terrestrial access to UEs (such as UE110) via NTN payloads and NTN gateways mounted on airborne or space-borne NTN vehicles. The access network may be provided via one or more eNBs (e.g., eNB120). 【0030】 Referring to Figure 2a, NTN200 represents the network environment provided by the transparent satellite. NTN200 can include NTN payload 221 and NTN gateway 223 as eNB120. NTN payload 221 is a network node mounted on a satellite or HAPS (high altitude platform station) that provides connectivity between a service link (described later) and a feeder link (described later). NTN gateway 223 is an earth station located on the Earth's surface that provides connectivity to NTN payload 221 using the feeder link. NTN gateway 223 is a TNL (transport network layer) node. NTN200 can provide non-terrestrial access to UE110. NTN200 can provide non-terrestrial access to UE110 via NTN payload 221 and NTN gateway 223. The link between NTN payload 221 and UE110 may be referred to as a service link. The link between the NTN gateway 223 and the NTN payload 221 may be referred to as a feeder link. A feeder link may correspond to a wireless link. 【0031】 The NTN payload 221 can receive radio protocol data from the UE 110 via the service link. The NTN payload 221 can transparently transmit the radio protocol data to the NTN gateway 223 via the feeder link. Therefore, from the perspective of the UE 110, the NTN payload 221 and the NTN gateway 223 can appear as a single eNB 120. The NTN payload 221 and the NTN gateway 223 can communicate with the UE 110 via the Uu interface, which is a common radio protocol. That is, the NTN payload 221 and the NTN gateway 223 can communicate with the UE 110 via radio protocol, just like a single eNB 120. The NTN gateway 223 can communicate with the core network entity 235 (MME (mobility management entity) or S-GW (serving gateway)) via the S1 interface. 【0032】 According to one embodiment, the NTN payload 221 and NTN gateway 223 can use the wireless protocol stack in the control plane shown in Figure 3a, which will be described later. Furthermore, according to one embodiment, the NTN payload 221 and NTN gateway 223 can use the wireless protocol stack in the user plane shown in Figure 3b. 【0033】 Figure 2a illustrates one NTN payload 221 and one NTN gateway 223 included in the eNB 120, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, an eNB may include multiple NTN payloads. Furthermore, for example, an NTN payload may be provided by multiple eNBs. In other words, the implementation scenario shown in Figure 2a is an example and does not limit embodiments of the present disclosure. 【0034】 Referring to Figure 2b, NTN250 represents the network environment provided by the regenerative satellite. NTN250 may include satellite 260 operating as eNB120. Satellite 260 represents a space-borne vehicle carrying a regenerative payload communications transmitter located in low-earth orbit (LEO), medium-earth orbit (MEO), or geostationary earth orbit (GEO). Satellite 260 may be referred to as a regenerative payload or regenerative satellite. Satellite 260 represents a payload configured to convert and amplify uplink RF signals before transmitting them downlink, and the conversion of such signals may mean digital processing that includes demodulation, decoding, recoding, remodulation, and / or filtering. NTN250 may include NTN Gateway 265, which is a ground-based entity connected to satellite 260. NTN Gateway 265 is an earth station located on the Earth's surface that provides connectivity to satellite 260 using the feeder link. NTN250 can provide non-terrestrial access to UE110. NTN250 can provide non-terrestrial access to UE110 via satellite 260 and NTN Gateway 265. 【0035】 Satellite 260 may be configured to regenerate signals received from terminal 110 or an earth station (e.g., NTN gateway 265). A Uu interface may be defined between satellite 260 and terminal 110. A satellite radio interface (SRI) on the feeder link may be defined between satellite 260 and NTN gateway 265. Although not shown in Figure 2b, satellite 260 can provide inter-satellite links (ISL). The ISL is an inter-satellite transmission link and may be a 3GPP or non-3GPP defined radio interface (e.g., X2 interface or XN interface) or an optical interface. Based on NTN gateway 265, satellite 260 can communicate with core network entity 235 (e.g., MME or SGW) via the S1 interface. According to one embodiment, satellite 260 can utilize the radio protocol stack in the control plane of Figure 3a, described later. Furthermore, according to one embodiment, satellite 260 can utilize the radio protocol stack in the user plane of Figure 3b. 【0036】 Figure 2b illustrates satellite 260 operating as eNB120, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. An eNB120 according to embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in a distributed deployment utilizing a centralized unit (CU) configured to perform upper layer functions of the access network (e.g., PDCP (packet data convergence protocol), RRC (radio resource control)) and distributed units (DUs) configured to perform lower layer functions. The interface between the CU and the distributed unit may be referred to as an F1 interface. The centralized unit (CU) is connected to one or more DUs and can perform functions higher than those of the DUs. For example, the CU may be responsible for the RRC (radio resource control) and PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layers, while the DU and RU (radio unit) are responsible for lower layer functions. The DU may be responsible for the RLC (radio link control), MAC (media access control), and PHY (physical) layer functions. In this distributed configuration, satellite 260 can be used as a CU or DU constituting eNB120. 【0037】 Figure 3a shows an example of a control plane (C-plane). At least some of the following description of eNB120 may be understood to apply to satellite 260. Referring to Figure 3a, in the C plane, the UE110 and AMF235 can perform NAS (non-access stratum) signaling. In the C plane, the UE110 and eNB120 can communicate according to the protocols specified in the RRC layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer, respectively. 【0038】 In NTN Access, the main functions of the RRC layer include at least some of the following: - AS (Access Stratum) and NAS-related system information broadcasting - Paging - Setting up, maintaining, and disconnecting RRC connections between the UE and the access network, including, more specifically, controlling RLC, MAC, and PHY: - Adding, modifying, and removing Carrier Aggregations - Adding, modifying, and removing dual connectivity between NR or E-UTRA and NR. - Security features including key management - Setting up, configuring, maintaining, and deactivating SRB (Signaling Radio Bearer) and DRB (Data Radio Bearer) - Includes the following mobility features: - Handover and context transmission - Selection and re-selection of UE cells, and control of cell selection and re-selection. - Mobility between RATs - QoS (Quality of Service) management function - UE measurement reporting and reporting control - Detection and recovery of radio link failures. - Send messages from / to the UE, to / from the NAS, and to the NAS. In NTN Access, the main functions of the PDCP layer include at least some of the following functions: - Header compression and decompression function (ROHC only) - User data transmission function - Sequential delivery of upper layer PDUs - Out-of-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs - Duplicate detection function (Duplicate detection of lower layer SDUs) - Retransmission function (Retransmission of PDCP SDUs) - Encryption and deciphering functions - Timer-based SDU discard function (SDU discard in uplink). 【0039】 In NTN Access, the main functions of the RLC layer include at least some of the following: - Data transmission function (Transfer of upper layer PDUs) - Sequential delivery of upper layer PDUs - Out-of-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs - ARQ function (Error Correction through ARQ) - Concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs - Re-segmentation function (RLC data PDUs) - Reordering function for RLC data PDUs - Duplicate detection function - Error detection function (Protocol error detection) - RLC SDU deletion function (RLC SDU discard) - RLC re-establishment function. 【0040】 In NTN access, the MAC layer may be connected to several RLC layer devices configured in a single terminal, and the main functions of the MAC may include at least some of the following: - Mapping function between logical channels and transport channels - MAC SDU multiplexing and demultiplexing functionality - Scheduling information reporting function - Error correction through HARQ functionality - Priority handling between logical channels of one UE (Unified Element) - Priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling - MBMS service identification function - Transport format selection function - Padding function. 【0041】 In NTN Access, each entity in the physical layer (e.g., terminal 110, eNB120) can perform operations such as channel coding and modulation of higher-layer data, generating OFDM symbols and transmitting them to the radio channel, or demodulating OFDM symbols received via the radio channel, channel decoding them, and transmitting them to the higher layer. 【0042】 Figure 3b shows an example of a user plane (U-plane). At least some of the following explanation of eNB120 can be understood as relating to satellite 260. Referring to Figure 3b, in the U-plane, UE110 and eNB120 can communicate according to the protocols specified in the PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer, respectively. For details on the PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer, please refer to the explanation in Figure 3a. 【0043】 Figure 4 shows an example of a time-frequency domain resource structure supported by a wireless communication system to which embodiments proposed herein may be applied. While Figure 4 illustrates an example resource structure for an LTE network for IoT NTN, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto. It goes without saying that signaling and related operations according to embodiments of this disclosure may also be applied to NR systems. Referring to Figure 4, the horizontal axis represents the time domain, and the vertical axis represents the frequency domain. The smallest transmission unit in the time domain is the OFDM symbol, N symbA collection of OFDM symbols 402 constitutes one slot 406 (for example, seven in an LTE system). Referring to Figure 4, in a wireless communication system to which the present invention is applied, one radio frame 414 may be defined as having a length of 10 ms, consisting of 10 subframes, each having the same length of 1 ms. A radio frame 414 may be divided into 5 ms half-frames, each half-frame containing 5 subframes. In Figure 4, slot 406 consists of 7 OFDM symbols, although the length of the slot may vary depending on the subcarrier spacing. The radio resources supported in a wireless communication system to which the invention proposed herein may be applied consist of multiple time resources, which are symbols, and multiple frequency resources, which are subcarriers, and each time resource and frequency resource may be represented as a two-dimensional resource grid. In Figure 4, one of the smallest physical resources, a rectangle consisting of one subcarrier and one symbol within the resource grid, is referred to as Resource Element (RE) 412. 【0044】 In a wireless communication system to which the invention proposed herein may be applied, the smallest transmission unit in the frequency domain is a subcarrier, and the carrier bandwidth constituting the resource grid is N BWIt may consist of multiple subcarriers 404. The basic unit of resource in the time-frequency domain is a resource element (RE) 412, which can be represented as an OFDM symbol index and a subcarrier index. A resource block 408 can contain multiple resource elements 412. In a wireless communication system to which the invention proposed herein may be applied, a resource block 408 (or physical resource block (PRB)) is N in the time domain. symb A sequence of OFDM symbols (for example, 7 symbols), and N in the frequency domain. SC RB It can be defined as 12 consecutive subcarriers. The data rate may increase in proportion to the number of RBs scheduled to the terminal. In a frequency division duplex (FDD) system where downlink and uplink are operated on separate frequencies, the downlink transmit bandwidth and the uplink transmit bandwidth may be different from each other. The channel bandwidth represents the RF (radio frequency) bandwidth corresponding to the system transmit bandwidth. For example, the channel bandwidth may be one of the following: 1.4 MHz (e.g., 6 PRB), 3 MHz (e.g., 15 PRB), 5 MHz (e.g., 25 PRB), 10 MHz (e.g., 50 PRB), 15 MHz (e.g., 75 PRB), or 20 MHz (e.g., 100 PRB). 【0045】 E-UTRAN can support wireless access via a non-terrestrial network (NTN) not only for general UEs but also for BL (Bandwidth-Limited) UEs, CE (Coverage Enhancement) UEs, and NB-IoT UEs. Support for non-terrestrial networks may include platforms that provide wireless access via geostationary orbit (GSO), non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) (including low Earth orbit (LEO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO)), or high-altitude platform stations (HAPS). 【0046】 In the transparent payload system, the NTN gateway and the NTN payload (i.e., the satellite) work together to perform the role of the eNB, while in the regenerative payload system, the NTN payload (i.e., the satellite) can perform the role of the eNB. 【0047】 A transparent NTN payload transparently forwards the radio protocol received from the UE (over the service link) to the NTN gateway (over the feeder link), and vice versa. A regenerative payload can be terminated with the Uu interface (over the service link), S1, and X2 interfaces. An NTN gateway can support multiple transparent or regenerative NTN payloads. A transparent or regenerative NTN payload can be serviced by multiple eNBs. A regenerative NTN payload can be terminated with one or more intersatellite links leading to other regenerative payloads. As an example, a transparent NTN payload may change its carrier frequency before retransmitting over the service link, and vice versa (over the feeder links, respectively). In a non-terrestrial network, a tracking area may correspond to a fixed geographical area. In a non-terrestrial network, the same value may be used when the satellite ID refers to the same satellite in both the AS and the NAS. 【0048】 In non-terrestrial networks, three types of service links may be supported. • Earth-fixed: Provisioned by a beam that continuously covers the same geographical area (e.g., GSO satellite). • Quasi-Earth-fixed: Provisioned with a beam that covers one geographical region for a limited period and another geographical region for other periods (e.g., when an NGSO satellite generates a steerable beam). • Earth-moving: The coverage area is provisioned with a beam that moves as if gliding across the Earth's surface (e.g., when an NGSO satellite generates a fixed or uncontrollable beam). eNBs using NGSO satellites may provide quasi-Earth-fixed cell coverage or Earth-moving cell coverage, while eNBs using GSO satellites may provide Earth-fixed cell coverage or quasi-Earth-fixed cell coverage. 【0049】 The store-and-forward (S&F) mode may be used to provide communication services to a UE when the serving satellite has a discontinuous connection to a ground network and that connection is unavailable when the satellite interacts with the UE. The eNB can indicate whether the cell is operating in store-and-forward mode. The store-and-forward mode means an operating mode in which the service satellite has a discontinuous connection to an NTN gateway and provides communication services to the UE when the connection to the NTN gateway is unavailable when the satellite interacts with the UE. 【0050】 Figure 5 shows an example of the S&F (store and forward) mode in IoT (Internet of Everything) NTN (non-terrestrial network). Referring to Figure 5, UE510 can communicate with satellite 520. UE510 may be referred to as terminal 110 in Figure 1. Satellite 520 may be referred to as base station 120 or a network entity performing at least some of the functions of base station 120. According to one embodiment, satellite 520 may be an eNB providing IoT NTN. Satellite 520 can provide E-UTRAN for IoT devices (e.g., UE510). UE510 can connect to satellite 520 via E-UTRAN. The connection between satellite 520 and UE510 may be referred to as a service link. Satellite 520 can move along a designated orbit. Depending on the movement of satellite 520, satellite 520 may connect to a ground-based network entity (hereinafter referred to as a ground segment) (e.g., NTN gateway 530). The connection between satellite 520 and NTN gateway 530 may be referred to as a feeder link. The NTN gateway 530 may be connected to the core network 550 via the transmission network 540. As the satellite 520 repeatedly moves along the designated orbit, the service link may be available or unavailable. As the satellite 520 repeatedly moves along the designated orbit, the feeder link may be available or unavailable. 【0051】 Satellite 520 can support S&F (store and forward) mode. S&F mode can represent an operating mode of a system that is satellite-accessible. Delay-tolerant communication services can be provided via S&F mode. When satellite access is intermittently or temporarily unavailable (for example, when serving a UE510 located in a coverage area where the feeder link to the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) is not simultaneously activated), a level of service that stores and forwards data can be provided. According to one embodiment, satellite 520 can be used to provide delay-tolerant IoT services via NGSO (non-geostationary satellite orbit) (e.g., LEO (low earth orbit)). According to one embodiment, satellite 520 can provide satellite access to a UE510 that does not have a GNSS (global navigation satellite system) receiver or has difficulty connecting to GNSS services. As a non-restrictive example, satellite 520 can perform UE-satellite-UE communication with UE510. For example, UE510 can communicate with satellite 520 without communicating with the ground segment (e.g., NTN gateway 530) to avoid long latency and limited data rates and reduce resource consumption. S&F mode can be used for latency-tolerant and / or interruption-tolerant services. For example, in a 3GPP context, SMS (short message service) may be used for S&F mode, and end-to-end connectivity between endpoints (e.g., UE510 and application server) may not be required. Only connectivity between the endpoint (e.g., UE510) and an intermediate node (e.g., SMSC (short message service center)) may be required. 【0052】 In S&F mode, the service link between UE510 and satellite 520 can alternate between available and unavailable states. When the service link between UE510 and satellite 520 is available, it indicates that satellite 520 is located within the range where it can provide service to the area (e.g., footprint) where UE510 is located on satellite 520's orbit (hereinafter referred to as the "service-available orbit segment"). When the service link between UE510 and satellite 520 is unavailable, it indicates that satellite 520 is located within the range where it is difficult to provide service to the area (e.g., footprint) where UE510 is located on satellite 520's orbit (hereinafter referred to as the "service-unavailable orbit segment"). In S&F mode, the feeder link between satellite 520 and the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) can alternate between available and unavailable states. The availability of the feeder link between satellite 520 and the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) indicates that the satellite 520 is located within the range (e.g., footprint) of the area where the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) is located on satellite 520's orbit, where service can be provided (hereinafter referred to as the "feeder-available orbit segment"). The unavailability of the service link between satellite 520 and the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) indicates that the satellite 520 is located within the range (e.g., footprint) of the area where the ground segment (e.g., NTN Gateway 530) is located on satellite 520's orbit, where service is difficult to provide (hereinafter referred to as the "feeder-unavailable orbit segment"). With respect to UE510, the availability of the service link and the availability of the feeder link do not necessarily occur simultaneously. For example, even if the status of the service link changes from available to unavailable, the status of the feeder link does not change. For example, even if the status of the feeder link changes from available to unavailable, the status of the service link does not change. 【0053】 According to one embodiment, UE510 can transmit a signal, which may be MO (mobile originated) data. For example, in operation 591, UE510 can transmit uplink data (e.g., PUSCH) to satellite 520 when the service link is available. Satellite 520 can receive the uplink data from UE510. Since the feeder link is not available, satellite 520 can store the uplink data. Satellite 520 can then move. In response to the move, the state of the feeder link may change from available to unavailable. In operation 592, satellite 520 can transmit the uplink data via a ground-based network entity (e.g., NTN gateway 530). The uplink data may be transmitted to a data network via the core network 550. Hereinafter, in S&F mode, the service to which messages originating from UE510 via satellite 520 are transmitted may be referred to as an MO service. 【0054】 According to one embodiment, satellite 520 can transmit a signal to UE 510. The signal may be MT (mobile terminated) data. For example, in operation 593, while the feeder link is available, satellite 520 can receive data from external devices (e.g., servers, other UEs) via the data network and core network 550 (e.g., UPF). Satellite 520 can move. Depending on the movement of satellite 520, the state of the feeder link may be changed from available to unavailable. Depending on the movement of satellite 520, the state of the service link between satellite 520 and UE 510 may be changed from unavailable to available. In operation 594, when the service link is available, satellite 520 can transmit downlink data (e.g., PDSCH) to UE 510. Hereinafter, in S&F mode, the service of messages transmitted from UE 510 via satellite 520 may be referred to as MT service. 【0055】 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network (e.g., eNB) can instruct a terminal (e.g., UE) to enter store-and-forward mode via an SIB1 message. For example, an SIB1 message may contain an 'sf-OperationMode' IE (information element). The IE may indicate that a cell is operating in store-and-forward mode. If the field is present, a UE supporting store-and-forward operation may ignore cellBarred-NTN and cellBarred. The IE may have a value of 'barred' or 'notBarred'. The value 'barred' means that the cell is barred from NTN connections via store-and-forward operation, as defined in TS 36.304. The value 'notBarred' means that the cell allows access from a UE supporting store-and-forward operation. If this field is not present, the SIB1 message may indicate that an NTN cell is operating in normal mode, i.e., in a mode other than store-and-forward mode. 【0056】 According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network (e.g., eNB) can instruct a terminal (e.g., UE) via SIB31 time information related to store-and-forward mode. SIB31 may include satellite assistance information relating to the serving cell. The satellite assistance information may include ephemeris information, satellite ID, and reference position information in SIB31. According to one embodiment, the SIB31 message may include switching time information (e.g., t-ModeSwitching) IE. If sf-OperationMode is present in SIB1, this field indicates the time information for when the NTN cell switches from store-and-forward operating mode to normal mode. Otherwise, this field indicates the time information for when the NTN cell switches from normal mode to store-and-forward mode. 【0057】 Figure 6 shows an example of signaling for providing S&F configuration information. Satellite 520 may be configured to perform the functions of an eNB. In one example, the eNB may be located on the board of satellite 520, and entities of the core network (e.g., core network 550) may be located on the ground. In one example, the eNB and some of the entities of the core network (or some of a specific entity (e.g., MME (mobile management entity))) may be located on the board of satellite 520, and other entities of the core network may be located on the ground. 【0058】 Referring to Figure 6, in operation 601, satellite 520 can transmit S&F configuration information to UE510. S&F mode is an important feature not only in the early stages of deployments with a small number of satellites and a limited number of ground stations, but also generally important for delay-tolerant traffic. Satellite 520 can support S&F mode, real-time mode, or both S&F and RT modes. Depending on whether S&F mode is supported as the sole transmission method or is supported along with the more common RT mode, the operation of UE510 may differ. For example, support for S&F mode may be used to determine whether to use the TCP / IP protocol or the UDP protocol for transmission. 【0059】 According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the S&F configuration information may include an indicator. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include an indicator indicating whether satellite 520 supports S&F mode. For example, the indicator may be 1 bit. The indicator may be cell-specific, DRB-specific, and / or region-specific. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include an indicator indicating whether RT mode is supported. For example, the indicator may be 1 bit. The indicator may be cell-specific, DRB-specific, and / or region-specific. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include information to indicate whether RT mode is temporarily supported. The RT mode may be temporarily supported according to the moving orbit of satellite 520. The S&F configuration information may include an indicator indicating whether the RT mode is temporarily supported, and information regarding the duration for which the RT mode is supported (e.g., a timer, an effective duration). 【0060】 According to various embodiments of this disclosure, S&F configuration information can represent a unit of support for the S&F mode. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include information about a space that supports the S&F mode. For example, the S&F configuration information may include at least one of the following: footprint information provided by satellite 520 or information about a list of neighboring cells that support the S&F mode. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include a list of DRBs (data radio bearers) that support the S&F mode. According to one embodiment, the S&F configuration information may include a list of QoS (quality of service) flows that support the S&F mode. For each element (e.g., cell, region) that indicates support for the S&F mode, the S&F configuration information may also include information about whether or not it supports the RT mode. For example, the S&F configuration information may indicate a cell ID (e.g., the cell in question, neighboring cells), whether or not the cell indicated by the cell ID supports the S&F mode, and whether or not the cell supports the RT mode. As a non-limiting example, the S&F configuration information may further include information regarding the time, space (e.g., TA (tracking area), footprint), and service units (e.g., DRB, QoS flow) under which the cell supports RT mode. If S&F mode is supported, it may be additionally indicated whether RT mode is supported for the cell. If S&F mode is not supported, it may be understood that RT mode is supported. As a non-limiting example, the S&F configuration information may include indicators showing whether S&F mode or RT mode is temporarily available or unavailable (or blocked). 【0061】 According to various embodiments of this disclosure, S&F configuration information may include information regarding the expected delivery time in S&F mode. The delivery delay is the time required to reach the next feeder link, but may be longer if not all data can be offloaded while the feeder link is visible to satellite 520. Therefore, it may be required that the maximum expected delivery time in S&F mode be indicated to UE 510. If both S&F mode and RT mode are supported by satellite 520, UE 510 may use the expected delivery time to determine whether to use S&F mode or RT mode according to service requirements. For example, the information regarding the expected delivery time may point to the maximum expected delivery time. The information regarding the expected delivery time is determined by satellite 520, and the determined value may be indicated to UE 510 via explicit signaling. In another example, the information regarding the expected delivery time may include parameters for calculating the predicted delivery time. The UE510 measures the orbital movement of satellite 520 via the aforementioned parameters, thereby determining the expected delivery time range (e.g., minimum and maximum values). Based on the calculation results, the UE510 can decide whether to use S&F mode or RT mode. 【0062】 In operation 603, UE510 can determine the operating mode. UE510 can determine the operating mode of the cell provided by satellite 520. The S&F configuration information in operation 601 may be specific to the cell. UE510 can determine whether the cell supports S&F mode, RT mode, or both S&F and RT modes. For example, if the cell supports S&F mode, UE510 can determine S&F mode as the operating mode. For example, if the cell supports RT mode, UE510 can determine RT mode as the operating mode. For example, if the cell supports both S&F and RT modes, UE510 can determine one of S&F mode and RT mode as the operating mode. 【0063】 In operation 605, UE510 can perform operations according to S&F mode or RT mode. For example, UE510 can perform operations as shown in Figure 5 based on S&F mode. UE510 can transmit or receive data to or from satellite 520 for services possible in S&F mode (e.g., non-real-time services such as SMS and email services). On the other hand, in S&F mode, some services (e.g., real-time services, streaming services, voice calls, and video calls) may be difficult to perform with satellite 520. For example, UE510 can communicate with satellite 520 based on RT mode. UE510 can utilize a variety of services (e.g., real-time services and non-real-time services) in RT mode. UE510 can transmit or receive data to or from satellite 520. On the other hand, this classification of services is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting embodiments of the present disclosure. 【0064】 Figure 7 shows an example of signaling for providing S&F condition information. Figure 7 illustrates the procedure for a UE (e.g., UE510) to select which mode to operate in when both S&F mode and RT mode are supported. In one example, satellite 520 may transmit an indicator to UE510 on a cell provided by satellite 520 indicating that the cell supports S&F mode. Furthermore, satellite 520 may transmit an indicator to UE510 indicating that the cell supports RT mode. Referring to Figure 7, in operation 701, satellite 520 can transmit S&F condition information to UE 510. The S&F condition information can represent trigger conditions for UE 510 to operate in S&F mode on the cell. According to one embodiment, the S&F condition information may be provided via system information (e.g., MIB (master information block), SIB (system information block) 31, SIB 32, SIB 33, SIBx). For example, satellite 520 can transmit the S&F condition information along with an indicator indicating support for S&F mode. For example, satellite 520 can transmit the S&F condition information along with an indicator indicating support for RT mode. According to one embodiment, the S&F condition information may be provided via RRC messages (e.g., RRC reconfiguration message, RRC connection complete message). For example, satellite 520 can transmit the S&F condition information along with an indicator indicating support for S&F mode. For example, satellite 520 may transmit information regarding the S&F conditions along with an indicator that indicates it supports RT mode. 【0065】 According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the S&F condition information may include time information (e.g., a timer). For example, the S&F condition information may include information about the time at which the S&F mode begins. After the time has elapsed, the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. For example, the S&F condition information may include information about the time at which the S&F mode ends. After the time has elapsed, the UE510 can operate in RT mode. For example, the S&F condition information may include information about the time at which the RT mode begins. After the time has elapsed, the UE510 can operate in RT mode. For example, the S&F condition information may include information about the time at which the RT mode ends. After the time has elapsed, the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. The time information may be indicated by absolute time (e.g., UTC time) or resource location (e.g., hyperframe number, system frame number, radio frame number, subframe number). 【0066】 According to various embodiments of this disclosure, the information regarding the S&F condition may include the type of trigger condition and parameters relating to the trigger condition (e.g., offset, threshold). The type of trigger condition may be used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The parameters may include thresholds and / or offsets used to determine the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. According to one embodiment, the type of trigger condition may be associated with data size. If the size of the data that the UE 510 intends to transmit (i.e., uplink data) is greater than or equal to a threshold, the UE 510 can operate in RT mode. If the size of the data that the UE 510 intends to transmit (i.e., uplink data) is less than a threshold, the UE 510 can operate in S&F mode. Information regarding the threshold may be included in the information regarding the S&F condition. Furthermore, the UE 510 may determine its operating mode based on the amount of time it can operate in RT mode. The smaller the size of the uplink data being transmitted, and the longer the time it can operate in RT mode, the more advantageous it may be for the UE 510 to operate in S&F mode. On the other hand, if the operating time in RT mode is long, it is more advantageous for the UE510 to operate in RT mode. The information regarding the S&F conditions may include information for pointing to the threshold (e.g., a parameter value for directly pointing to the threshold or for calculating the threshold) and / or information regarding the time spent operating in RT mode (e.g., a parameter value for directly pointing to a time interval for operating in RT mode or for calculating the time spent operating in RT mode). In a non-limiting example, the threshold may be determined based on a value provided by satellite 520 and the time spent operating in RT mode. 【0067】 According to one embodiment, the type of trigger condition may be related to the type of service. If the QCI associated with the UE510's DRB is a specified value (e.g., the allowable packet delay budget is greater than or equal to a threshold), the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. If the QCI associated with the UE510's DRB is not a specified value (e.g., the allowable packet delay budget is less than a threshold), the UE510 can operate in RT mode. For example, for a voice service such as QCI=1, the required delay tolerance is 100ms, which is lower than the threshold (e.g., 200ms), so the UE510 can operate in RT mode. For example, for an email service such as QCI=8, the required delay tolerance is 300ms, which is lower than the threshold (e.g., 200ms), so the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. For example, the information regarding the S&F condition may include the service range for operating in S&F mode (e.g., DRB list, QoS Flow list, S-NSSAI list, QCI list). For example, the information regarding the S&F conditions may include information regarding a threshold metric for determining operation in S&F mode. Furthermore, the trigger conditions may relate to the type of service and the maximum delivery time provided by satellite 520 (e.g., the time it takes for data to be delivered from UE510 through satellite 520 to the ground station via the subsequent feeder link). The maximum delivery time may represent the guaranteed time for which uplink data from UE510 can be delivered to satellite 520. Thus, UE510 can determine a metric based on the size of the data currently moored, the type of service provided to UE510 (e.g., S-NSSAI, DRB, QoS Flow, QCI), and requirements associated with the type (e.g., packet delay budget, packet error loss rate). UE510 can determine whether to operate in S&F mode or RT mode by comparing the metric with a value corresponding to the maximum delivery time. 【0068】 In a non-limiting example, the S&F condition information may include parameters related to the movement of satellite 520. Based on these parameters, UE510 can predict the movement and operation of satellite 520. Based on these predictions, UE510 can determine whether to operate in S&F mode or RT mode. In operation 703, UE510 can identify that the S&F mode condition is met. Based on information regarding the S&F condition, UE510 can identify that the S&F mode condition is met. For the determination of each operation of UE510, refer to the description of operation 701. 【0069】 In operation 705, UE510 can perform communication in S&F mode. Based on S&F mode, UE510 can perform the operations shown in Figure 5. For example, UE510 can send data to or receive from satellite 520 for services possible in S&F mode (e.g., non-real-time services such as SMS and email services). On the other hand, in S&F mode, some services (e.g., real-time services, streaming services, voice calls, and video calls) may be difficult to perform with satellite 520. However, this classification of services is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure. In operation 707, UE510 may transmit instruction information to satellite 520. If both S&F mode and RT mode are possible, the instruction information may indicate to the UE510 that the data to be provided should be executed in either S&F or RT mode. According to one embodiment, an RRC message may be used. The RRC message may include the instruction information. The RRC message may be part of a procedure for querying how the UE should transmit data (e.g., transmit in RT mode or in S&F mode). At the RRC layer, in response to a request message from satellite 520, UE510 may transmit the RRC message containing the instruction information to satellite 520. According to one embodiment, a random access procedure may be used. UE510 may transmit a random access preamble corresponding to the instruction information, or transmit an uplink message containing the instruction information (e.g., Msg 3 of the random access procedure, an RRC connection request message). For example, the ID of the random access preamble and / or the resource to which the random access preamble is transmitted (e.g., RACH occasion) may point to a value corresponding to the instruction information (e.g., data transmission using RT mode, data transmission using S&F mode). According to one embodiment, a CSI may be used. The instruction information may be used as a parameter of the CSI. The parameter of the CSI may point to a value corresponding to the instruction information (e.g., data transmission using RT mode, data transmission using S&F mode). According to one embodiment, a MAC layer message (e.g., MAC CE) may be used. The instruction information may be contained in a field within the MAC CE. The MAC CE may point to a value corresponding to the instruction information (e.g., data transmission using RT mode, data transmission using S&F mode). 【0070】 If it is indicated that Store and Forward (S&F) can perform faster delivery than instructed by using Real-Time (RT) traffic or by forwarding via Inter-Satellite Link (ISL), the network side (e.g., satellite 520) may be required to make this decision. Depending on the location of satellite 520, if it is impossible or limited to use such methods due to reliance on RT traffic or capacity overload, satellite 520 is required to notify UE 510 of this. 【0071】 Figure 8 shows an example of signaling to support S&F mode. Figure 8 shows an example of signaling to configure S&F mode via RRC layer signaling and to activate or deactivate at least a portion of the S&F mode configuration via MAC layer signaling. By activating or deactivating at least a portion of the S&F mode configuration, the UE510 may or may not be able to operate in RT mode or S&F mode. Referring to Figure 8, in operation 801, satellite 520 may transmit an RRC signaling message to UE 510. The RRC signaling message may be a system information message broadcast on the access network or an RRC message. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the RRC signaling message may include S&F mode configuration information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the S&F mode configuration information may include information about the time of operation in S&F mode, information indicating whether RT mode is supported along with S&F mode, information about the time of operation in RT mode, and / or information about subchannels. The subchannel may be a unit for indicating a point in time when S&F or RT is temporarily available, unavailable, or blocked. According to one embodiment, the information about subchannels may be information about a plurality of time intervals corresponding to the time of operation in S&F mode. For example, after the S&F mode of UE 510 is configured via the RRC signaling message, or after receiving an activation instruction after the S&F mode is configured, UE 510 can operate in S&F mode. Subsequently, via the subchannel's instructions, S&F mode may become unavailable for a certain period of time. After the period of time has elapsed, S&F mode may become available again. The period of time may be set to a value shorter than the period of the RRC signaling message (e.g., the period of system information (e.g., 80ms)) (e.g., 10ms, 20ms, 40ms). In a non-limiting example, if S&F mode is unavailable, the UE510 may operate in RT mode. According to one embodiment, the subchannel's information may represent multiple frequency bands (e.g., subbands, BWPs). For example, after the S&F mode of the UE510 is configured via the RRC signaling message, the UE510 may operate in S&F mode. Subsequently, via a control signal (e.g., MAC CE), S&F mode may become unavailable. Here, the frequency band in which S&F mode is unavailable may be indicated via the control signal.Subsequently, the S&F mode may be made available again via another control signal (e.g., MAC CE). The S&F mode can be activated or deactivated on a frequency band basis. In a non-limiting example, if the S&F mode is not available, the UE510 can operate in RT mode. 【0072】 As a non-limiting example, the S&F mode configuration information may further include multiple S&F configurations used when operating in S&F mode and identifiers (e.g., configuration IDs) for each S&F configuration. For example, information regarding the time spent operating in the aforementioned S&F mode, information indicating whether RT mode is supported along with S&F mode, information regarding the time spent operating in RT mode, and / or information regarding subchannels may be independent for each S&F configuration. In operation 803, satellite 520 may transmit a MAC CE to UE 510. According to one embodiment, the MAC CE may be used to activate the operation of S&F mode. The MAC CE can activate a specific configuration related to S&F mode from among the configurations received via S&F mode configuration information. For example, the S&F mode configuration information may include information about subchannels. In one example, the subchannel information may represent a number of time intervals corresponding to the time in which S&F mode is in operation. The MAC CE may indicate the time interval in which S&F mode is activated. In another example, the subchannel information may represent a number of frequency bands corresponding to the time in which S&F mode is in operation. The MAC CE may indicate the frequency band (e.g., subband, BWP) in which S&F mode is activated. For example, the S&F mode configuration information may include a number of S&F configurations and an identifier (e.g., configuration ID) for each S&F configuration. Each S&F configuration may include whether or not it has independent RT support, RT operating time, S&F mode operating time, supported service types (e.g., DRB list, QoS flow list), and adjacent cell list. The MAC CE may refer to an identifier corresponding to the S&F configuration to be activated. 【0073】 In operation 805, UE510 can perform communication in S&F mode. Based on S&F mode, UE510 can perform the operations shown in Figure 5. For example, UE510 can send data to or receive from satellite 520 for services possible in S&F mode (e.g., non-real-time services such as SMS and email services). On the other hand, in S&F mode, some services (e.g., real-time services, streaming services, voice calls, and video calls) may be difficult to perform with satellite 520. However, this classification of services is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 8 illustrates an example of activating the S&F mode, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. In addition to activating the S&F mode, deactivating the S&F mode via MAC CE may also be understood as an embodiment of the present disclosure. In a manner similar to that shown in operation 803, via MAC CE, satellite 520 may deactivate the S&F mode, deactivate the S&F mode in a specified frequency band, or deactivate a particular S&F configuration during a specified time interval. 【0074】 Figure 9 shows an example of signaling to support S&F mode. Figure 8 shows an example of signaling to configure S&F mode via RRC layer signaling and to dynamically trigger at least a portion of the S&F mode configuration via PHY layer signaling. The triggering of at least a portion of the S&F mode configuration may enable or disable RT mode operation or S&F mode operation of the UE510. Referring to Figure 9, in operation 901, satellite 520 may transmit an RRC signaling message to UE 510. The RRC signaling message may be a system information message (e.g., MIB, SIB1, SI) broadcast on the access network, or an RRC message. The RRC signaling message according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include S&F mode configuration information. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the S&F mode configuration information may include information about the time of operation in S&F mode, information indicating whether RT mode is supported along with S&F mode, information about the time of operation in RT mode, information about subchannels, and / or information about mode indicators. The subchannel may be a unit for indicating a point in time when S&F or RT is temporarily available, unavailable, or blocked. According to one embodiment, the information about subchannels may be information about a plurality of time intervals corresponding to the time of operation in S&F mode. For example, after the S&F mode of the UE510 is configured via an RRC signaling message, or after a trigger instruction is received following the setting of the S&F mode, the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. Subsequently, via the subchannel instruction, the S&F mode may be disabled for a certain period of time. After the period of time has elapsed, the S&F mode may become available again. 【0075】 According to one embodiment, the information regarding the subchannel can represent multiple frequency bands (e.g., subbands, BWPs). For example, after the S&F mode of the UE510 is configured via an RRC signaling message, the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. Subsequently, the S&F mode may be disabled via a control signal (e.g., DCI). Here, the frequency bands in which the S&F mode is disabled may be indicated via the control signal. Subsequently, the S&F mode may be made available again via another control signal (e.g., DCI). The S&F mode can be activated or deactivated on a frequency band basis. In a non-limiting example, if the S&F mode is disabled, the UE510 can operate in RT mode. For details regarding the subchannel, please refer to the description in Figure 8. 【0076】 The RRC signaling messages according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include information related to a mode indicator. Even if a UE510 operates in S&F mode, it may be required to operate in RT mode temporarily. In this case, a mode conversion instruction to RT mode is required. Even if a UE510 operates in RT mode, it may be required to operate in S&F mode temporarily. In this case, a mode conversion instruction to S&F mode is required. Even if a UE510 operates in S&F mode, it may be difficult to operate in S&F mode temporarily. In this case, an instruction indicating that S&F mode is unavailable is required. Even if a UE510 operates in RT mode, it may be difficult to operate in RT mode temporarily. In this case, an instruction indicating that S&F mode is unavailable is required. Referring to the above examples, the mode indicator may be used for available instructions, unavailable instructions, and / or mode conversions. For such instructions, the information related to the mode indicator may include RNTI information for identifying the mode indicator, information for indicating the type of the mode indicator, and / or information for indicating the data indicated by the value of the mode indicator. 【0077】 As a non-limiting example, the S&F mode configuration information may further include multiple S&F configurations used when operating in S&F mode and identifiers (e.g., configuration IDs) for each S&F configuration. For example, information regarding the time spent operating in the aforementioned S&F mode, information indicating whether RT mode is supported along with S&F mode, information regarding the time spent operating in RT mode, and / or information regarding subchannels may be independent for each S&F configuration. 【0078】 In operation 903, satellite 520 may transmit DCI (downlink control information) to UE 510. According to one embodiment, the DCI may be used to trigger S&F mode operation. The DCI can trigger a specific configuration related to S&F mode from among the configurations received via S&F mode configuration information. For example, the S&F mode configuration information may include information about subchannels. In one example, the subchannel information may represent a number of time intervals corresponding to the time in which S&F mode is in operation. The DCI can indicate the time interval in which S&F mode is triggered. In another example, the subchannel information may represent a number of frequency bands corresponding to the time in which S&F mode is in operation. The DCI can indicate the frequency band (e.g., subband, BWP) in which S&F mode is triggered. For example, the S&F mode configuration information may include a number of S&F configurations and an identifier (e.g., configuration ID) for each S&F configuration. Each S&F configuration may include whether or not it has independent RT support, RT operating time, S&F mode operating time, supported service type (e.g., DRB list, QoS flow list), and adjacent cell list. The DCI may refer to an identifier corresponding to the triggered S&F configuration. 【0079】 According to another embodiment, the DCI may be used as a mode indicator. For example, the mode indicator may indicate a mode conversion from S&F mode to RT mode or from RT mode to S&F mode. The mode conversion may be indicated by a toggle or a setpoint. Furthermore, for example, the mode indicator may indicate whether S&F mode is available or unavailable. Furthermore, for example, the mode indicator may indicate whether RT mode is available or unavailable. Availability or unavailability may be indicated by a toggle or a setpoint. 【0080】 The UE510 can perform decoding based on information received from satellite 520 via the DCI. In one example, separate RNTIs may be used for the mode indicator. In another example, the decoding can be performed via the RNTI used for communication with satellite 520. Based on the mode indicator obtained via the DCI, the UE510 can determine to communicate in S&F mode. In operation 905, UE510 can perform communication in S&F mode. Based on S&F mode, UE510 can perform the operations shown in Figure 5. For example, UE510 can send data to or receive from satellite 520 for services possible in S&F mode (e.g., non-real-time services such as SMS and email services). On the other hand, in S&F mode, some services (e.g., real-time services, streaming services, voice calls, and video calls) may be difficult to perform with satellite 520. However, this classification of services is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this disclosure. 【0081】 Figure 9 illustrates an example of triggering an S&F mode, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Not only triggering an S&F mode, but also disabling (or interrupting) an S&F mode via DCI can also be understood as an embodiment of the present disclosure. In a manner similar to that shown in operation 903, via DCI, satellite 520 may interrupt the operation of an S&F mode, interrupt an S&F mode in a specified frequency band, or interrupt a particular S&F configuration during a specified time interval. Figure 9 illustrates an example of determining communication to S&F mode, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Interruption of S&F mode and / or triggering of RT mode can also be understood as embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, upon receiving S&F configuration information, the UE510 can operate in S&F mode. Subsequently, upon receiving a DCI having the mode indicator, it can operate in RT mode for a certain period of time (e.g., a fixed value or a value set via RRC signaling) or until a separate deactivation instruction is given. 【0082】 Figure 10 shows an example of the components of UE (user equipment) (e.g., UE510). Referring to Figure 10, the UE510 may include a transceiver 1001, a processor 1003, and memory 1005. The transceiver 1001 performs the function of sending and receiving signals over a radio channel. For example, the transceiver 1001 upconverts a baseband signal to an RF band signal and transmits it via an antenna, and downconverts the RF band signal received via the antenna back to a baseband signal. For example, the transceiver 1001 may include a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC (digital to analog converter), an ADC (analog to digital converter), etc. 【0083】 The transceiver 1001 may include multiple transmit / receive paths. Furthermore, the transceiver 1001 may include an antenna section. The transceiver 1001 may include at least one antenna array composed of multiple antenna elements. From a hardware perspective, the transceiver 1001 may consist of digital and analog circuits (e.g., an RFIC (radio frequency integrated circuit)). Here, the digital and analog circuits may be implemented as a single package. Furthermore, the transceiver 1001 may include multiple RF chains. The transceiver 1001 can perform beamforming. The transceiver 1001 can apply beamforming weights to signals to impart directionality to the signals to be transmitted and received according to the settings of the processor 1003. According to one embodiment, the transceiver 1001 may include an RF (radio frequency) block (or RF section). According to one embodiment, the transceiver 1001 can support satellite communications. The UE510 can transmit signals to a satellite (e.g., satellite 520) or receive signals from the satellite (e.g., satellite 520) via the transceiver 1001. 【0084】 The transceiver 1001 can transmit and receive signals over a radio access network. For example, the transceiver 1001 can receive downlink signals. Downlink signals may include synchronization signals (SS), reference signals (RS) (e.g., CRS (cell-specific reference signal), DM (demodulation)-RS), system information (e.g., MIB, SIB, RMSI (remaining system information), OSI (other system information)), configuration messages, control information, or downlink data. Furthermore, for example, the transceiver 1001 can transmit uplink signals. The uplink signal may include random access-related signals (e.g., random access preamble (RAP) (or Msg1 (message 1)), Msg3 (message 3)), reference signals (e.g., SRS (sounding reference signal), DM-RS), uplink control information (UCI) (e.g., CSI (channel state information), HARQ (hybrid automatic repeat request), SR (scheduling request)), or power headroom report (PHR). Although only transceiver 1001 is shown in Figure 10, according to another embodiment, the UE510 may include two or more RF transceivers. 【0085】 The processor 1003 controls the overall operation of the UE510. The processor 1003 may be referred to as the control unit. For example, the processor 1003 transmits and receives signals via the transceiver 1001. The processor 1003 also writes and reads data to and from the memory 1005. Furthermore, the processor 1003 can perform the functions of the protocol stack required by the communication standard. Although only the processor 1003 is shown in Figure 10, according to another embodiment, the UE510 may include two or more processors. The processor 1003 may be an instruction / code or memory area storing instructions / code that resides at least temporarily in the processor 1003 as an instruction set or code stored in the memory 1005, or it may be part of the circuitry that constitutes the processor 1003. In addition, the processor 1003 may include various modules for performing communication. The processor 1003 can control the UE510 to perform the operations according to the embodiment. 【0086】 Memory 1005 stores data such as basic programs, application programs, and configuration information for the operation of the UE510. Memory 1005 may be referred to as a storage unit. Memory 1005 may consist of volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile memory. Memory 1005 then provides the stored data in response to requests from the processor 1003. According to one embodiment, memory 1005 may include memory for conditions, instructions, or settings related to a satellite communication transmission system. 【0087】 Figure 11 shows an example of the components of a satellite (e.g., satellite 520). Referring to Figure 11, satellite 520 may include at least one transceiver 1101, at least one processor 1103, and at least one memory 1105. Hereafter, components are described singly, but implementations of multiple components or subcomponents are not excluded. The transceiver 1101 performs the function of transmitting and receiving signals via a wireless channel. For example, the transceiver 1101 performs the function of converting between baseband signals and bit sequences according to the system's physical layer standard. For example, when transmitting data, the transceiver 1101 generates complex symbols by encoding and modulating the transmitted bit sequence. When receiving data, the transceiver 1101 demodulates and decodes the baseband signal to restore the received bit sequence. The transceiver 1101 also upconverts the baseband signal to an RF (radio frequency) band signal and transmits it via the antenna, and downconverts the RF band signal received via the antenna back to a baseband signal. For this purpose, the transceiver 1101 may include a transmit filter, a receive filter, an amplifier, a mixer, an oscillator, a DAC (digital to analog converter), an ADC (analog to digital converter), etc. Furthermore, the transceiver 1101 may include multiple transmit and receive paths. Furthermore, the transceiver 1101 may include at least one antenna array composed of multiple antenna elements. From a hardware perspective, the transceiver 1101 may consist of a digital unit and an analog unit, and the analog unit may consist of multiple sub-units depending on the operating power, operating frequency, etc. The transceiver 1101 transmits and receives signals as described above. Therefore, the transceiver 1101 may be referred to as the "transmitting unit," the "receiving unit," or the "transmitting / receiving unit." 【0088】 The transceiver 1101 does not exclude the ability to transmit or receive signals via backhaul networks, optical communications, Ethernet, or other wired paths, not just wireless channels. For example, the transceiver 1101 can support optical communications for satellite 520 to signal with other satellites. Satellite 520 can communicate with other satellites using optical communications via the transceiver 1101 using lasers. For example, wired communications between components within satellite 520 may be supported. The transceiver 1101 can convert bit streams transmitted to other nodes in satellite 520, such as other connection nodes, other base stations, higher-level nodes, core networks, etc., into physical signals, and can convert physical signals received from other nodes into bit streams. 【0089】 The transceiver 1101 can support communication between satellite 520 and UE 510. The transceiver 1101 can support communication not only between satellite 520 and UE 510, but also between satellite 520 and the ground segment (e.g., NTN gateway 530, network entities of core network 550). As a non-limiting example, circuits for communication with UE 510 and circuits for communication with the ground segment (e.g., NTN gateway 530, network entities of core network 550) can be distinguished within the transceiver 1101. 【0090】 The processor 1103 can control the overall operation of the satellite 520. For example, the processor 1103 writes to and reads data from the memory 1105. For example, the processor 1103 transmits and receives signals via the transceiver 1101. Figure 11 shows one processor, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The satellite 520 may include at least one processor (e.g., multiple processors) to perform embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 1103 may be referred to as a control unit or control means. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor 1103 can control the satellite 520 to perform at least one of the operations or methods according to embodiments of the present disclosure. 【0091】 Memory 1105 can store data such as basic programs, application programs, and configuration information for the operation of satellite 520. Memory 1105 can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., transceiver 1101, processor 1103). The data may include, for example, software and input or output data for associated instructions. Memory 1105 may consist of volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or a combination of volatile and non-volatile memory. Memory 1105 can then provide the stored data to the processor 1103 upon request. 【0092】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a satellite device for providing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. The device may include memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and at least one transceiver. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the device may cause a message to be sent to a user equipment (UE) containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and to communicate with the UE based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instruction information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or the S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include at least one of the following: information regarding the time when S&F mode starts, information regarding the time when S&F mode ends, information regarding the time when RT mode starts, or information regarding the time when RT mode ends. According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include a type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition may be used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The at least one parameter may include a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. 【0093】 According to one embodiment, when the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the device may cause the UE to receive instruction information from the UE indicating whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The instruction information may be provided via RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages, MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), random access preamble of a random access procedure, message 3 of a random access procedure, and / or CSI (channel state information). 【0094】 According to one embodiment, the S&F mode information may include parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the device may cause the UE to transmit a MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) containing identifiers indicating the S&F mode configurations used among the one or more S&F mode configurations. 【0095】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide user equipment (UE) for performing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. The UE may include memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and at least one transceiver. When executed by the at least one processor, the instructions may cause the UE to receive a message from a satellite configured to perform evolved node B (eNB) functions, the message containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and to communicate with the satellite based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the cell's operating mode is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0096】 According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include at least one of the following: information regarding the time when S&F mode starts, information regarding the time when S&F mode ends, information regarding the time when RT mode starts, or information regarding the time when RT mode ends. According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include a type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition may be used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The at least one parameter may include a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. 【0097】 According to one embodiment, the instruction, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the UE to transmit instruction information to the satellite to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode, and the instruction information may be provided via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), a random access preamble for a random access procedure, a random access message 3 for a random access procedure, and / or a CSI (channel state information). 【0098】 According to one embodiment, the S&F mode information may include parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the UE may cause the UE to receive MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) from the satellite, which includes identifiers indicating the S&F mode configurations used in the one or more S&F mode configurations. 【0099】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a method performed by a satellite for providing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. This method may include sending a message to a user equipment (UE) containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and communicating with the UE based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or the S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0100】 According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include at least one of the following: information regarding the time when S&F mode starts, information regarding the time when S&F mode ends, information regarding the time when RT mode starts, or information regarding the time when RT mode ends. According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include a type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition may be used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The at least one parameter may include a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. 【0101】 According to one embodiment, the method may include receiving instruction information from the UE to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The instruction information may be provided via RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages, MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), random access preamble of a random access procedure, message 3 of a random access procedure, and / or CSI (channel state information). 【0102】 According to one embodiment, the S&F mode information may include parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. The method may include sending a MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) containing identifiers indicating the S&F mode configurations used in the one or more S&F mode configurations to the UE. 【0103】 Embodiments of this disclosure provide a method performed by user equipment (UE) for performing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access. This method may include receiving a message from a satellite configured to perform evolved node B (eNB) functions, the message containing information related to store and forward (S&F) mode, and communicating with the satellite based on the message. The message may include at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the cell's operating mode is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. 【0104】 According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include at least one of the following: information regarding the time when S&F mode starts, information regarding the time when S&F mode ends, information regarding the time when RT mode starts, or information regarding the time when RT mode ends. According to one embodiment, the message may include information regarding S&F conditions. The information regarding S&F conditions may include a type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition may be used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The at least one parameter may include a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. 【0105】 According to one embodiment, the method may include transmitting instruction information to the satellite to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The instruction information may be provided via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), a random access preamble for a random access procedure, a random access procedure message 3, and / or a CSI (channel state information). 【0106】 According to one embodiment, the S&F mode information may include parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. The method may include receiving MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) from the satellite, which includes identifiers indicating the S&F mode configurations used in the one or more S&F mode configurations. 【0107】 The methods described in the claims or specifications of this disclosure may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. When implemented as software, a computer-readable storage medium containing one or more programs (software modules) may be provided. The one or more programs stored on the computer-readable storage medium are configured for execution by one or more processors in an electronic device. The one or more programs include instructions that cause the electronic device to perform the methods according to the claims or specifications of this disclosure. 【0108】 Such programs (software modules, software) may be stored in random access memory, non-volatile memory including flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic disc storage devices, compact disc-ROMs (CD-ROMs), digital versatile discs (DVDs), or other forms of optical storage devices, magnetic cassettes, or in memory composed of some or all of these. Furthermore, each constituent memory may include multiple instances. 【0109】 Furthermore, the program may be stored in an attachable storage device that is accessible via a communication network such as the Internet, Intranet, LAN (local area network), WAN (wide area network), SAN (storage area network), or a combination thereof. Such a storage device may be connected via an external port to an apparatus performing an embodiment of the disclosure. In addition, a separate storage device on the communication network may also be connected to an apparatus performing an embodiment of the disclosure. 【0110】 In the specific embodiments of the present disclosure described above, the components included in the disclosure are represented singly or plurally according to the particular embodiment presented. However, the singly or plural representations are selected for the purposes of the present context, and the disclosure is not limited to singly or plural components. Components represented plural may consist of singular components, and components represented singly may consist of plural components. While specific embodiments have been described in the detailed description of this disclosure, it goes without saying that various modifications are possible as long as they do not deviate from the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

[Claim 1] In satellite equipment for providing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access, Memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and Includes at least one transceiver, When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the device: A message containing information related to the S&F (store and forward) mode is sent to the UE (user equipment). Based on the aforementioned message, it is triggered to initiate communication with the UE, The device wherein the message includes at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instruction information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. [Claim 2] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information relating to the S&F conditions includes at least one of the following: information relating to the time when the S&F mode starts, information relating to the time when the S&F mode ends, information relating to the time when the RT mode starts, or information relating to the time when the RT mode ends. [Claim 3] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The information relating to the S&F condition includes the type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition is used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter includes a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions for the UE to operate in S&F mode. [Claim 4] When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the device, This triggers the reception of instruction information from the UE to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the instruction information is provided via RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages, MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), random access preamble for random access procedures, random access procedure message 3, and / or CSI (channel state information). [Claim 5] The S&F mode information includes parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the device, The apparatus according to claim 1, which causes the UE to transmit MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) including an identifier indicating an S&F mode configuration used in one or more S&F mode configurations. [Claim 6] In user equipment (UE) for performing NTN (non-terrestrial network) access, Memory containing instructions; at least one processor; and Includes at least one transceiver, When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the UE: A message containing information related to the S&F (store and forward) mode is received from a satellite configured to perform the functions of an evolved node B (eNB). Based on the aforementioned message, it triggers communication with the satellite, The message includes at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instructional information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. [Claim 7] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The UE according to claim 6, wherein the information relating to the S&F conditions includes at least one of the following: information relating to the time when the S&F mode starts, information relating to the time when the S&F mode ends, information relating to the time when the RT mode starts, or information relating to the time when the RT mode ends. [Claim 8] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The information relating to the S&F condition includes the type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition is used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The UE according to claim 6, wherein the at least one parameter includes a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions for the UE to operate in S&F mode. [Claim 9] When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the UE will This triggers the transmission of instruction information to the satellite to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The UE according to claim 6, wherein the instruction information is provided via RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages, MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), random access preamble of random access procedures, message 3 of random access procedures, and / or CSI (channel state information). [Claim 10] The S&F mode information includes parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the UE will The UE according to claim 6, which causes the satellite to receive MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) including an identifier indicating an S&F mode configuration used in one or more S&F mode configurations. [Claim 11] In a method implemented by satellite to provide NTN (non-terrestrial network) access, The operation of sending a message to the UE (user equipment) containing information related to the S&F (store and forward) mode, This includes an operation to communicate with the UE based on the aforementioned message, A method wherein the message includes at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instruction information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. [Claim 12] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The method according to claim 11, wherein the information relating to the S&F conditions includes at least one of the following: information relating to the time when the S&F mode starts, information relating to the time when the S&F mode ends, information relating to the time when the RT mode starts, or information relating to the time when the RT mode ends. [Claim 13] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The information relating to the S&F condition includes the type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition is used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one parameter includes a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions for the UE to operate in S&F mode. [Claim 14] The operation further includes receiving instruction information from the UE to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The method according to claim 11, wherein the instruction information is provided via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), a random access preamble for a random access procedure, a message 3 for a random access procedure, and / or a CSI (channel state information). [Claim 15] The S&F mode information includes parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. The method according to claim 11, further comprising transmitting a MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) to the UE, which includes an identifier indicating an S&F mode configuration used among the one or more S&F mode configurations. [Claim 16] In a method performed by user equipment (UE) for NTN (non-terrestrial network) access, The operation of receiving a message containing information related to the S&F (store and forward) mode from a satellite configured to perform the functions of an eNB (evolved node B), This includes an action to communicate with the satellite based on the aforementioned message, A method wherein the message includes at least one of the following: information indicating whether real-time (RT) mode is momentarily supported; instruction information indicating whether the operating mode of the cell is the RT mode or S&F mode; information regarding the maximum delivery time for the S&F mode; celestial force information of the satellite; or footprint information provided by the satellite. [Claim 17] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The method according to claim 16, wherein the information relating to the S&F conditions includes at least one of the following: information relating to the time when the S&F mode starts, information relating to the time when the S&F mode ends, information relating to the time when the RT mode starts, or information relating to the time when the RT mode ends. [Claim 18] The aforementioned message includes information regarding S&F conditions, The information relating to the S&F condition includes the type of trigger condition and at least one parameter relating to the trigger condition. The type of trigger condition is used to identify the conditions under which the UE operates in S&F mode. The method according to claim 16, wherein the at least one parameter includes a threshold or offset used to determine the conditions for the UE to operate in S&F mode. [Claim 19] The operation further includes transmitting instruction information to the satellite to indicate whether the UE's transmission is in RT mode or S&F mode. The method according to claim 16, wherein the instruction information is provided via an RRC (Radio Resource Control) message, a MAC (Medium Access Control) CE (Control Element), a random access preamble for a random access procedure, a random access procedure message 3, and / or a CSI (channel state information). [Claim 20] The S&F mode information includes parameters for one or more S&F mode configurations and identifiers indicating each S&F mode in the one or more S&F mode configurations. The method according to claim 16, further comprising the operation of receiving MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) or DCI (downlink control information) from the satellite, which includes an identifier indicating an S&F mode configuration used in one or more S&F mode configurations.

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