Vibration damping device, vertical array and horizontal array
The vibration damping device for wooden buildings addresses column damage and inefficiency by using grooved holders and a pendulum-damper system to amplify displacement and velocity, ensuring effective damping without reducing column size or requiring disassembly.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MISAWA HOMES CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration damping devices for wooden buildings risk damaging columns due to screw fixation, and they are inefficient in absorbing lateral sway energy, particularly in underfloor spaces where lateral displacement is minimal.
A vibration damping device comprising a pair of holders with grooved segments that embrace columns without screw fixation, a pendulum swinging between the columns, and dampers connected to the holders, amplifying displacement and velocity for efficient energy absorption.
The device can be installed without reducing column cross-sectional area, efficiently damping lateral vibrations by amplifying displacement and velocity, and is suitable for wooden buildings without disassembly, enhancing earthquake resistance.
Smart Images
Figure 2026104309000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration damping device, a vertical array, and a horizontal array.
Background Art
[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a vibration damping device for earthquake countermeasures of a wooden building constructed by a traditional construction method. This vibration damping device is installed between columns arranged side by side left and right and is disposed in the underfloor space. The vibration damping device includes a pair of rectangular plates arranged left and right, a pair of semi-circular connecting plates arranged left and right, a joining member extending left and right, a pair of joining member side attachment members respectively attached to the left and right ends of the joining member, and a pair of viscoelastic bodies arranged left and right. The rectangular plates are fixed to the side surfaces of the columns with screws. The semi-circular connecting plates are welded to the rectangular plates and protrude toward the center between the columns from the rectangular plates. The viscoelastic bodies are sandwiched between the semi-circular connecting plates and the rectangular plates and are adhered to the semi-circular connecting plates and the rectangular plates. During an earthquake, the columns sway left and right. The inclination of the columns generates torsion in the viscoelastic bodies, and the vibration energy of the building is dissipated by being converted into the thermal energy of the viscoelastic bodies. In the underfloor space, the lateral displacement of the columns is small and the lateral sway speed of the columns is also low, so the vibration energy of the building is not efficiently absorbed by the viscoelastic bodies.
[0003] Since the rectangular plates are fixed to the columns with screws, the columns may be damaged by the screws. There is a risk that the columns will be damaged when the vibration damping device is installed.
Prior Art Documents
Patent Documents
[0004]
Patent Document 1
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to enable the installation of vibration damping devices on columns while minimizing cross-sectional loss in the columns. [Means for solving the problem]
[0006] The reference numerals in parentheses below are referenced in Figures 1 to 12.
[0007] According to claim 1, A vibration damping device (10) for damping vibrations in a building (1) having a pair of columns (2) erected side by side, A pair of holders (20) that each hold the pair of columns (2), A pair of brackets (40) extending from each of the pair of holders (20) toward the center between the pair of columns (2), A pendulum (60) is supported by the pair of brackets (40) and swings up and down around the center between the pair of columns (2) in response to the vibration of the pair of columns (2) and the pair of brackets (40) during an earthquake, A pair of dampers (80) are connected to the left and right ends of the pendulum (60) and fixed to the pair of brackets (40), A vibration damping device (10) is provided, characterized by comprising the above.
[0008] According to claim 1 as described above, since the pair of holders (20) each hold the pair of columns (2), the vibration damping device (10) can be installed on the columns (2) without dismantling the building (1) and without causing any cross-sectional loss to the columns (2). During an earthquake, the pendulum (60) swings up and down around the center between the pair of columns (2). Therefore, the vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum (60) is an amplified version of the lateral displacement of the columns (2) and the vertical displacement of the bracket (40). Furthermore, the velocity of the vertical vibration at the left and right ends of the pendulum (60) is an amplified version of the lateral vibration velocity of the columns (2) and the vertical vibration velocity of the bracket (40). Thus, the damper (80) efficiently dampens the lateral vibration of the columns (2).
[0009] According to claim 2, A vibration damping device (10) according to claim 1, Each of the pair of holders (20) has a first segment (21) having a first groove (22) and a second segment (24) having a second groove (25), The first groove (22) and the second groove (25) face each other, and the column (2) fits into the first groove (22) and the second groove (25), so that the first divided body (21) and the second divided body (24) embrace the column (2), and the first divided body (21) and the second divided body (24) are fastened to each other. A vibration damping device (10) characterized by the above is provided.
[0010] According to claim 2 as described above, the first divided body (21) and the second divided body (24) embrace the column (2), and the first divided body (21) and the second divided body (24) are fastened to each other, so the vibration damping device (10) can be installed on the column (2) without dismantling the building (1) and without causing any cross-sectional loss to the column (2).
[0011] According to claim 3, A vibration damping device (10) according to claim 2, The surface of the first groove (22) is roughened. A vibration damping device (10) characterized by the above is provided.
[0012] According to claim 3 as described above, the surface of the first groove (22) is roughened, so that its surface has fine irregularities. These fine irregularities increase the frictional force at the contact surface between the first divided body (21) and the column (2), contributing to preventing displacement of the holder (20). Therefore, the vibration energy of the building (1) is efficiently transmitted to the damper (80) and efficiently absorbed by the damper (80).
[0013] According to claim 4, A vibration damping device (10) according to claim 2 or 3, The surface of the second groove (25) is roughened. A vibration damping device (10) characterized by the above is provided.
[0014] According to Claim 4 as described above, since the surface of the second groove (25) is roughened, the surface has fine irregularities. The fine irregularities increase the frictional force at the contact surface between the second divided body (24) and the pillar (2), contributing to preventing the displacement of the holder (20). Therefore, the vibration energy of the building (1) is efficiently transmitted to the damper (80) and efficiently absorbed by the damper (80).
[0015] According to Claim 5, A vibration control device (10) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the pair of holders (20) respectively hold the pair of pillars (2) under the floor at the first floor level of the building (1) A vibration control device (10) is provided, characterized in that.
[0016] According to Claim 5 as described above, the weight of the vibration control device (10) is unlikely to be a factor that increases the swaying of the building (1) during an earthquake. There is a situation where the horizontal displacement associated with the bending of the pillar (2) during an earthquake is smaller from the upper end to the lower end of the pillar (2). Even if this vibration control device (10) is under the floor, this vibration control device (10) exhibits high damping performance. That is, since the pendulum (60) swings up and down around the center between the pair of pillars (2), the vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum (60) is an amplified version of the left and right displacement of the pillar (2), and the speed of the vertical vibration of the left and right ends of the pendulum (60) is an amplified version of the speed of the left and right vibration of the pillar (2), and such amplification contributes to the improvement of the damping effect of the damper (80).
[0017] According to Claim 6, A vibration control device (10) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the building (1) is a wooden building constructed by a traditional construction method A vibration control device (10) is provided, characterized in that.
[0018] According to Claim 6 as described above, vibration control of such a wooden building can be achieved without disassembling the wooden building constructed by the traditional construction method.
[0019] According to Claim 7, A vibration control device (10) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, comprising a first connecting shaft (51) and a second connecting shaft (52) having a central axis parallel to the out-of-plane direction, each of the pair of brackets (40) is fixed to the holder (20), extends from the holder (20) toward the center of the pair of columns (2), and has a pair of upper arms (41) in the out-of-plane direction on a plane defined by the central axis of the pair of columns (2), is fixed to the holder (20), extends from the holder (20) toward the center of the pair of columns (2) below the pair of upper arms (41), and has a pair of lower arms (43) in the out-of-plane direction, is fixed to the pair of upper arms (41) at the center of the pair of columns (2), is fixed to the pair of lower arms (43) at the center of the pair of columns (2), sandwiches the pendulum (60) in the out-of-plane direction, and has a pair of center plates (45) in the out-of-plane direction, and has the pendulum (60) is connected to one of the center plates (45) of the pair of brackets (40) by the first connecting shaft (51) so as to be rotatable around the first connecting shaft (51) relative to the one center plate (45) of the pair of brackets (40), the pendulum (60) is connected to the other center plate (45) of the pair of brackets (40) by the second connecting shaft (52) so as to be rotatable around the second connecting shaft (52) relative to the other center plate (45) of the pair of brackets (40) A vibration control device (10) characterized by the above is provided.
[0020] According to claim 7 as described above, the vibration damping device (10) can be easily assembled. Since the vibration damping device (10) is an assembled product, the disassembled vibration damping device (10) can be easily transported to the building (1) site.
[0021] According to claim 8, A vibration damping device (10) according to claim 7, The center plate (45) contacts the pendulum (60). A vibration damping device characterized by the above is provided.
[0022] According to claim 8 as described above, when the pendulum (60) swings during an earthquake, the kinetic energy of the pendulum (60) is converted into thermal energy due to friction, and the vibration of the column (2) is damped by friction.
[0023] According to claim 9, A vibration damping device (10) according to claim 7, The second connecting shaft (52) is provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction relative to the other of the pair of brackets (40) or the center plate (45) or the pendulum (60). A vibration damping device (10) characterized by the above is provided.
[0024] When the pair of columns (2) vibrate in the same direction during an earthquake, the pair of brackets (40) swing in opposite directions, causing a change in the distance between the first connecting shaft (51) and the second connecting shaft (52). According to claim 9, since the second connecting shaft (52) is provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction relative to the other center plate (45) or pendulum (60) of the pair of brackets (40), even if the distance between the first connecting shaft (51) and the second connecting shaft (52) changes, the pendulum (60) is not constrained for that reason and swings smoothly. Therefore, the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping device (10) is reliably achieved.
[0025] According to claim 10, A vertical array having a plurality of vibration damping devices (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The plurality of vibration damping devices (10) are arranged vertically, Each of the pairs of holders (20) of the plurality of vibration damping devices (10) each holds a common pair of columns (2). A longitudinal array characterized by the above is provided.
[0026] According to claim 11, A transverse array having a plurality of vibration damping devices (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The plurality of vibration damping devices (10) are arranged in the horizontal direction. In the aforementioned plurality of vibration damping devices (10), adjacent vibration damping devices (10) share a common holder (20) between the pair of holders (20) of the aforementioned pair. A transverse array characterized by the above is provided. [Effects of the Invention]
[0027] According to the present invention, a vibration damping device can be installed on a column while minimizing the reduction in the column's cross-sectional area. Furthermore, the damper efficiently dampens the lateral vibration of the column. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0028] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the building. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a front view of the vibration damping device. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the plane along the line III-III shown in Figure 2. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the plane along the line IV-IV shown in Figure 2. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the holder components. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the holder components. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the holder components. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the holder components. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of region IX shown in Figure 3. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the damper. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a front view of a vertical array of vibration damping devices arranged vertically. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a front view of a horizontal array of vibration damping devices arranged in the horizontal direction. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0029] Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. The features and technical effects of the embodiments will be understood from the following detailed description and drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples in the drawings, as the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only.
[0030] <1. Buildings> Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of building 1. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the vibration damping device 10.
[0031] Building 1 is a temple or shrine building that has stood for many years. Building 1 is a wooden stone building constructed using traditional methods. Building 1 has multiple columns 2 and multiple horizontal members that are framed using timber joinery. Horizontal members refer to girders, main beams, secondary beams, rainbow beams, lintels, head beams, tie beams, lintels, or foot braces. At the joints between the columns 2 and the horizontal members, the columns 2 and the horizontal members are joined by mortise and tenon joints or dovetail joints, so Building 1 can be said to be a flexible structure. The columns 2 are erected on foundation stones 3. The columns 2 may not be tightly fastened to the foundation stones 3 and may be dynamically insulated from the foundation stones 3. The lower ends of the columns 2 may be joined to the foundation stones 3 with dowels. That is, dowels may be installed at the upper end of the foundation stones 3, dowel holes may be formed at the lower end of the columns 2, and the dowels may be fitted or loosely fitted into the dowel holes.
[0032] Since Building 1 is a temple or shrine building that has been standing for many years, it has deteriorated over time and has become weak against earthquakes. Therefore, Building 1 has been reinforced with multiple vibration damping devices 10 to counteract earthquakes.
[0033] <2. Vibration damping device> Figure 2 is a front view of the vibration damping device 10 installed in the underfloor space between adjacent columns 2. Figure 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along line III-III shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along line IV-IV shown in Figure 2. This is a horizontal cross-sectional view. As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the vibration damping device 10 is spanned between the columns 2 beneath the floor 4 at the first-floor level of the building 1. During an earthquake, the horizontal displacement associated with the bending of the columns 2 decreases from the top to the bottom of the columns 2. Therefore, the maximum inclination of the columns 2 with respect to the vertical axis is small at the point where the vibration damping device 10 is connected to the columns 2. Even under these circumstances, the vibration damping device 10 amplifies the displacement using the lever principle, so the vibration damping device 10 efficiently absorbs the energy of the building 1's shaking.
[0034] The vibration damping device 10 will be described in detail below. In the following description, the in-plane direction refers to the direction parallel to the plane defined by the central axes of the two columns 2 to which the vibration damping device 10 is attached. The out-of-plane direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the central axes of the two columns 2. The axial direction refers to the direction parallel to the central axis of the column 2. The radial direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the column 2. The left-right direction refers to the direction from one column 2 to the adjacent column 2 and the reverse direction.
[0035] The vibration damping device 10 comprises a pair of holders 20 on the left and right, a pair of brackets 40 on the left and right, a pendulum 60, and a pair of dampers 80 on the left and right.
[0036] A pair of holders 20 are positioned under the floor 4 and each holds one of the left and right pillars 2. The holders 20 are made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
[0037] Figures 5 to 8 are perspective views of the components of each holder 20. As shown in Figures 5 to 8, each holder 20 has a first segment 21, a pair of ribs 23 on the top and bottom, a second segment 24, a flange 26, a pair of ribs 27 on the top and bottom, a pair of upper plates 28 in the out-of-plane direction, and a pair of lower plates 29 in the out-of-plane direction.
[0038] The first divided body 21 and the second divided body 24 are provided in a groove shape. This groove shape is also called a U-shape. As shown in Figures 3 to 8, the groove 22 of the first divided body 21 and the groove 25 of the second divided body 24 face each other, and the column 2 fits into the grooves 22 and 25 of the first divided body 21 and the second divided body 24, thereby embracing the column 2. The first divided body 21 is fastened to the second divided body 24 by a plurality of bolt and nut fasteners 90, which generates a force that causes the first divided body 21 and the second divided body 24 to embrace the column 2. The surfaces of the grooves 22 and 25 of the divided bodies 21 and 24 are roughened, and their surfaces have fine irregularities. The fine irregularities increase the frictional force at the contact surface between the divided bodies 21 and 24 and the column 2, and contribute to preventing displacement of the holder 20. The roughening treatment is, for example, sandblasting or etching. Adhesive may be used to fill the gap between the column 2 and the divided parts 21 and 22, and the divided parts 21 and 22 may be bonded to the column 2 by the adhesive. The divided parts 21 and 22 may also be screwed to the column 2. Adhesion or screw fastening may be used in combination with fastening by bolt and nut fasteners 90.
[0039] The first segment 21 and the rib 23 are integrally molded. The rib 23 protrudes radially from the outer surface of the first segment 21. The rib 23 has thickness in the axial direction and is provided parallel to the radial direction. The first segment 21 is reinforced by the rib 23.
[0040] The second segment 24, flange 26, rib 27, upper plate 28, and lower plate 29 are integrally molded. The flange 26 is provided in a U-shaped plate form with thickness in the out-of-plane direction. The flange 26 protrudes from the side of the second segment 24 toward the center between the columns 2 and is provided parallel to the in-plane direction. The flange 26 has a plurality of bolt holes arranged in series along the upper edge of the flange 26 and a plurality of bolt holes arranged in series along the lower edge of the flange 26. The rib 27 protrudes from the outer surface of the second segment 24 and the flange 26. The rib 27 has thickness in the axial direction and is provided parallel to the radial direction. The second segment 24 and flange 26 are reinforced by the rib 27. The two upper plates 28 are arranged apart from each other in the out-of-plane direction inside the U-shape of the flange 26 and hang down from the lower surface of the upper rib 27. The two lower plates 29 are positioned out of plane and separated from each other within the U-shape of the flange 26, and rise from the upper surface of the lower rib 27.
[0041] As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the left and right pairs of brackets 40 are rigidly connected to the flanges 26 of the holders 20 by multiple bolt and nut fasteners. Each pair of brackets 40 extends from the flanges 26 of the holders 20 toward the center between the columns 2 and faces each other. The pair of brackets 40 are separated from each other in the left-right direction.
[0042] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of area IX shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figures 2 to 4 and Figure 9, each bracket 40 has two upper arms 41, two upper spacers 42, two lower arms 43, two lower spacers 44, two center plates 45, and a pair of center spacers 46 on the top and bottom.
[0043] The two upper arms 41 are made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The two upper arms 41 sandwich the flange 26 of the holder 20 between them and are fastened to the flange 26 by a plurality of bolt and nut fasteners 91. The upper arms 41 are positioned along the upper edge of the flange 26 and extend from the flange 26 towards the center between the columns 2. The central part of the extended portion sandwiches the upper spacer 42 between them, and the central part of the extended portion and the upper spacer 42 are fastened together by a plurality of bolt and nut fasteners 92.
[0044] In the portion of the upper arm 41 that extends towards the tip, the upper arm 41, center plate 45, center spacer 46, center plate 45, and upper arm 41 are stacked in an out-of-plane direction in that order. These stacked components are fastened together by multiple bolt and nut fasteners 93.
[0045] The two lower arms 43 are made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The two lower arms 43 sandwich the flange 26 of the holder 20 between them and are fastened to the flange 26 by a number of bolt and nut fasteners 94. The lower arms 43 are positioned along the lower edge of the flange 26 and extend from the flange 26 towards the center between the columns 2. The extended portion sandwiches the lower spacer 44 between them, and the extended portion and the lower spacer 44 are fastened together by bolt and nut fasteners 95.
[0046] In the portion of the lower arm 43 that extends towards the tip, the lower arm 43, center plate 45, center spacer 46, center plate 45, and lower arm 43 are stacked in an out-of-plane direction. These stacked components are fastened together by multiple bolt and nut fasteners 96.
[0047] The dimensions of the upper arm 41 and lower arm 43 in the left-right direction are set to match the distance between the two columns. In other words, as the distance between the two columns increases, the dimensions of the upper arm 41 and lower arm 43 in the left-right direction increase.
[0048] The two center plates 45 are made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The two center plates 45 are positioned vertically from the upper arm 41 to the lower arm 43.
[0049] The pendulum 60 is positioned to be long in the left-right direction. In other words, the dimensions of the pendulum 60 in the left-right direction are longer than the dimensions of the pendulum 60 in the up-down direction. The pendulum 60 is supported at the right end of the left bracket 40 and the left end of the right bracket 40 in the center between the columns 2. When the columns 2 vibrate and tilt from side to side due to an earthquake, and the left and right brackets 40 swing in opposite directions vertically, the pendulum 60 is configured to swing up and down around the midpoint between the columns 2. Specifically, when the columns 2 tilt to the right during an earthquake, the right bracket 40 swings up and the left bracket 40 swings down, causing these brackets 40 to swing the pendulum 60 upward to the right. When the columns 2 tilt to the left during an earthquake, the right bracket 40 swings down and the left bracket 40 swings up, causing these brackets 40 to swing the pendulum 60 upward to the left.
[0050] The pendulum 60 is made of metal, such as stainless steel or an aluminum alloy. The pendulum 60 is connected to the left bracket 40 in the center between the two columns 2. Specifically, the pendulum 60 is sandwiched between the two center plates 45 of the left bracket 40 and connected to the center plates 45 by a first connecting shaft 51, also called a connecting pin. The central axis of the first connecting shaft 51 is parallel to the out-of-plane direction. Either the pendulum 60 or the left bracket 40, or both, are rotatable relative to the first connecting shaft 51 around its central axis. By connecting the pendulum 60 to the left bracket 40, the pendulum 60 is configured to swing around the central axis of the first connecting shaft 51 relative to the left bracket 40. The first connecting shaft 51 may also penetrate the pendulum 60 and the center plates 45 of the left bracket 40 in the out-of-plane direction, preventing the first connecting shaft 51 from coming loose from the pendulum 60 and the center plates 45. The first connecting shaft 51 may be integrally formed with or fixed to either the pendulum 60 or the center plate 45 of the left bracket 40, and the first connecting shaft 51 may penetrate the other in an out-of-plane direction.
[0051] The pendulum 60 is connected to the right bracket 40 at the connection point between the pendulum 60 and the left bracket 40, that is, to the right of the first connecting shaft 51. Specifically, the pendulum 60 is sandwiched between the two center plates 45 of the right bracket 40 and connected to these center plates 45 by a second connecting shaft 52, also called a connecting pin. The central axis of the second connecting shaft 52 is parallel to the out-of-plane direction. Either the pendulum 60 or the right bracket 40 is fixed to or integrally molded with respect to the second connecting shaft 52, or is rotatable relative to the second connecting shaft 52 about its central axis. The other is rotatable relative to the second connecting shaft 52 about its central axis, while the other is movable relative to the second connecting shaft 52 in the in-plane direction, particularly in the left-right direction. The pendulum 60 is connected to the right bracket 40 so that it can swing relative to the right bracket 40 around the central axis of the second connecting shaft 52, and the second connecting shaft 52 is provided to be movable relative to the pendulum 60 or the right bracket 40 in the in-plane direction, particularly in the left-right direction. The second connecting shaft 52 may pass through the pendulum 60 and the center plate 45 of the right bracket 40 in an out-of-plane direction, and the through hole 64 formed in the pendulum 60 through which the second connecting shaft 52 passes may be formed to be elongated from left to right, thereby preventing the second connecting shaft 52 from coming out of the pendulum 60 and the center plate 45. The second connecting shaft 52 may pass through the pendulum 60 and the center plate 45 of the right bracket 40 in an out-of-plane direction, and the through hole formed in the center plate through which the second connecting shaft 52 passes may be formed to be elongated from left to right, thereby preventing the second connecting shaft 52 from coming out of the pendulum 60 and the center plate 45. The second connecting shaft 52 may be integrally formed with or fixed to the center plate 45 of the left bracket 40, and the second connecting shaft 52 may penetrate the pendulum 60 in an out-of-plane direction, and the through hole 64 formed in the pendulum 60 through which the second connecting shaft 52 passes may be elongated from left to right.The second connecting shaft 52 may be integrally formed with or fixed to the pendulum 60, and the second connecting shaft 52 may pass through the center plate 45 of the left bracket 40 in an out-of-plane direction, and the through hole formed in the center plate through which the second connecting shaft 52 passes may be elongated from left to right.
[0052] The left damper 80 is located between the left holder 20 and the left end of the pendulum 60. In other words, the left damper 80 is connected to the left end of the pendulum 60 and fixed to the left holder 20. The right damper 80 is located between the right holder 20 and the right end of the pendulum 60. In other words, the right damper 80 is connected to the right end of the pendulum 60 and fixed to the right holder 20.
[0053] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the damper 80. As shown in Figure 10, the damper 80 has two fixed plates 81, two high-damping rubbers 82, and one movable plate 83. The fixed plates 81 and movable plate 83 are made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The fixed plates 81, high-damping rubbers 82, movable plate 83, high-damping rubbers 82, and fixed plates 81 are stacked in that order.
[0054] As shown in Figure 2, the upper part of the fixed plate 81 overlaps the upper plate 28 of the holder 20 (see Figure 7), and the upper part of the fixed plate 81 is fastened to the upper plate 28 by bolt and nut fasteners. The lower part of the fixed plate 81 overlaps the lower plate 29 of the holder 20 (see Figure 7), and the lower part of the fixed plate 81 is fastened to the lower plate 29 by bolt and nut fasteners. The high-damping rubber 82 is positioned between the upper rib 27 and the lower rib 27 inside the U-shape of the flange 26. The movable plate 83 extends from the edge of the fixed plate 81 toward the center between the columns 2, and the movable plate 83 is connected to the end of the pendulum 60. Here, the pendulum 60 has a main body plate 61 that is elongated in the left-right direction, two connecting plates 62 that are fixed to the main body plate 61 by bolt and nut fasteners, sandwiching the left end of the main body plate 61 in an out-of-plane direction, and two connecting plates 62 that are fixed to the main body plate 61 by bolt and nut fasteners, sandwiching the right end of the main body plate 61 in an out-of-plane direction. The movable plate 83 of the left damper 80 is sandwiched between the left connecting plates 62 and fixed to the left connecting plate 62 by bolt and nut fasteners. The movable plate 83 of the right damper 80 is sandwiched between the right connecting plates 62 and fixed to the right connecting plate 62 by bolt and nut fasteners.
[0055] The size, thickness, and composition of the two high-damping rubber units 82 are set to match the vibration characteristics of building 1 during an earthquake.
[0056] The dimensions of the connecting plate 62 in the left-right direction are set to match the distance between the columns 2. In other words, as the distance between the columns 2 increases, the dimensions of the connecting plate 62 in the left-right direction increase.
[0057] The damper 80 is a rubber damper. However, by changing the high-damping rubber 82 to another type of vibration damping material (such as sealed gas, sealed oil, steel material in a loop or U-shape, friction material, or viscoelastic material), the damper 80 may be a gas damper, oil damper, steel damper, friction damper, or viscoelastic damper.
[0058] When column 2 vibrates and tilts from side to side due to an earthquake, and the left and right brackets 40 swing in opposite directions vertically, the pendulum 60 swings up and down around the midpoint between the columns 2. The vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is an amplified version of the left-right displacement of column 2 and the vertical displacement of bracket 40. Therefore, even if the left-right vibration of column 2 is small, the high-damping rubber 82 of the damper 80 deforms significantly, allowing the high-damping rubber 82 to efficiently absorb vibration energy and effectively dampen the left-right vibration of column 2. Furthermore, the vertical vibration velocity of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is an amplified version of the left-right vibration velocity of column 2 and the vertical vibration velocity of bracket 40. Therefore, even if the left-right vibration velocity of column 2 is low, the deformation velocity of the high-damping rubber 82 of the damper 80 is high, allowing the high-damping rubber 82 to easily exhibit viscous damping, and thus efficiently dampen the left-right vibration of column 2.
[0059] The degree to which the vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is amplified from the left and right displacement of the column 2 (hereinafter referred to as the amplification factor) is determined by the distance to the second connecting shaft 52. As the distance from the first connecting shaft 51 to the second connecting shaft 52 decreases, the amplification factor increases.
[0060] The maximum vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is determined by the deformation limit of the high-damping rubber 82. When the deformation of the high-damping rubber 82 reaches its limit, the displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 reaches its limit, and therefore the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 do not displace any further.
[0061] Since the pendulum 60 makes surface contact with the center plates 45 of the left and right brackets 40, when the pendulum 60 swings during an earthquake, the kinetic energy of the pendulum 60 is converted into thermal energy due to friction. As a result, the lateral vibration of the column 2 is dampened by friction.
[0062] The bracket 40 is an assembly of an upper arm 41, an upper spacer 42, a lower arm 43, a lower spacer 44, a center plate 45, and a center spacer 46. This assembly is attached to the second divided body 24, thereby connecting the assembly to the damper 80 via the second divided body 24. Such an assembly functions as a safety mechanism. For example, if the stiffness or yield strength of the high-damping rubber 82 becomes very large due to its temperature dependence, or if the stiffness or yield strength of the high-damping rubber 82 increases sharply because the damper 80 is locked due to the deformation limit of the vibration damping device 10, the vibration damping device 10 can be controlled with respect to the design load by the safety mechanism of the assembly.
[0063] <3. Variant Example> The following describes some variations. You may also apply a combination of two or more of the following changes.
[0064] (1) In the above description, the cross-sectional shape of column 2 is rectangular, and the hollow cross-sectional shape of holder 20 is rectangular. However, the cross-sectional shape of column 2 and the hollow cross-sectional shape of holder 20 may be other shapes, such as circular.
[0065] (2) In the above description, the vibration damping device 10 is installed between the columns 2 below the floor 4. In contrast, the vibration damping device 10 may be installed above the floor 4, for example, between the columns 2 just below or above the ceiling.
[0066] (3) The parts of the holder 20 shown in Figures 5 and 6 may be assembled by dividing them symmetrically on a central plane parallel to their in-plane direction and fastening these divided parts together with bolt and nut fasteners. The same applies to the parts of the holder 20 shown in Figures 7 and 8.
[0067] (4) The upper arm 41, lower arm 43, and center plate 45 of the bracket 40 may be integrally formed.
[0068] (5) In the above description, one vibration damping device 10 is installed between a pair of columns 2. In contrast, as shown in Figure 11, two vibration damping devices 10 may be installed between a pair of columns 2, and these two vibration damping devices 10 may be arranged vertically. Three or more vibration damping devices 10 may be installed between a pair of columns 2, and these vibration damping devices 10 may be arranged vertically. A configuration in which multiple vibration damping devices 10 are arranged vertically as described above is called a vertical array of vibration damping devices.
[0069] (6) As shown in Figure 12, two vibration damping devices 10 may be arranged side by side. In this case, the holder 20 between both vibration damping devices 10 is common to both devices 10. That is, the left holder 20 of the right vibration damping device 10 in Figure 12 is common to the right holder 20 of the left vibration damping device 10 in Figure 2, and this common holder 20 embraces the central column 2 of the three columns 2 arranged side by side. This common holder 20 is formed by the connection of grooves 25 of two second divided bodies 24 facing each other, as shown in Figure 7, and the column 2 is housed in these grooves 25. Of course, three or more vibration damping devices 10 may be arranged side by side. Even when three or more vibration damping devices 10 are arranged side by side, adjacent vibration damping devices 10 share a common holder 20 between them. This arrangement of two or more vibration damping devices 10 arranged side by side is called a horizontal array of vibration damping devices.
[0070] <4. Summary> (1) Since the pair of holders 20 of the vibration damping device 10 each hold the pair of columns 2, the vibration damping device 10 can be installed on the columns 2 without demolishing the building 1 and without causing any cross-sectional loss to the columns 2.
[0071] (2) During an earthquake, the pendulum 60 swings up and down around the center between the pair of columns 2. Therefore, the vertical displacement of the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is an amplified version of the lateral displacement of the columns 2 and the vertical displacement of the brackets 40. Furthermore, the velocity of the vertical vibration at the left and right ends of the pendulum 60 is an amplified version of the velocity of the lateral vibration of the columns 2 and the velocity of the vertical vibration of the brackets 40. Thus, the damper 80 efficiently absorbs the vibration energy of the building 1 and efficiently dampens the lateral vibration of the columns 2.
[0072] (3) Each of the pair of holders 20 has a first divided body 21 having a first groove 22 and a second divided body 24 having a second groove 25. The first groove 22 and the second groove 25 face each other, and the column 2 fits into the first groove 22 and the second groove 25, so that the first divided body 21 and the second divided body 24 embrace the column (2). The first divided body 21 and the second divided body 24 are fastened to each other with a plurality of bolt and nut fasteners 90. Installing the holder 20 in this manner contributes to installing the vibration damping device 10 on the column 2 without dismantling the building 1 and without causing a cross-sectional loss to the column 2. Installing the holder 20 in this manner contributes to installing the vibration damping device 10 on the column 2 even if the building 1 deforms due to aging or other reasons and the column 2 tilts.
[0073] (4) The surfaces of the grooves 22 and 25 of the divided sections 21 and 24 are roughened. The irregularities on these surfaces increase the frictional force at the contact surface between the divided sections 21 and 24 and the column 2, contributing to preventing displacement of the holder 20. Therefore, the vibration energy of the building 1 is efficiently transmitted to the damper 80 and efficiently absorbed by the damper 80.
[0074] (5) Since the vibration damping device 10 is an assembled product, the disassembled vibration damping device 10 can be easily transported to the building site 1. Also, the vibration damping device 10 can be easily installed under the floor 4 of the building 1.
[0075] (6) When the pair of columns 2 vibrate in the same direction during an earthquake, the pair of brackets 40 swing in opposite directions vertically, which changes the distance between the first connecting shaft 51 and the second connecting shaft 52. Since the second connecting shaft 52 is provided to be movable in the left-right direction relative to the center plate 45 of the right bracket 40 or the pendulum 60, even if the distance between the first connecting shaft 51 and the second connecting shaft 52 changes, the pendulum 60 is not constrained for that reason and swings smoothly. Therefore, the vibration damping effect of the vibration damping device 10 is reliably achieved.
[0076] (7) Since the vibration damping device 10 is installed under the floor of building 1, the weight of the vibration damping device 10 does not contribute much to the excitation of building 1 during an earthquake.
[0077] (8) During an earthquake, the horizontal displacement associated with the bending of column 2 is smaller from the top to the bottom of column 2. Therefore, even if this vibration damping device 10 is installed in the space under the floor, this vibration damping device 10 will exhibit high damping performance. This is because the amplification effect of displacement and velocity by the pendulum 60 is effective in damping the vibration of column 2.
[0078] (9) During an earthquake, the vibration of the column 2 is dampened by the friction of the pendulum 60 against the center plate 45.
[0079] (10) Building 1 is earthquake-resistant thanks to the vibration damping device 10. Building 1 is a valuable cultural property that was born, nurtured, and preserved throughout Japan's long history. The vibration damping device 10 contributes to achieving the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) through the protection of such cultural properties. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0080] 1. Building 2 pillars 3. Foundation stone 10. Vibration damping device 20 holders 21 1st division body 22 First groove 24 Second division body 25 Second groove 40 brackets 41 Upper Arm 43 Lower Arm 45 Center Plate 51 First connecting shaft 52 Second connecting shaft 60 Pendulum 80 Damper
Claims
1. A vibration control device for a building having a pair of columns erected side by side, A pair of holders that each embrace the aforementioned pair of columns, A pair of brackets extending from each of the pair of holders toward the center between the pair of columns, A pendulum supported by the pair of brackets, which swings up and down around the center between the pair of columns in response to the vibration of the pair of columns and the pair of brackets during an earthquake, A pair of dampers are connected to the left and right ends of the pendulum, respectively, and fixed to the pair of brackets, A vibration damping device characterized by being equipped with the following features.
2. A vibration damping device according to claim 1, Each of the pair of holders has a first divided body having a first groove and a second divided body having a second groove, The first groove and the second groove face each other, and the column fits into the first groove and the second groove, so that the first and second divided parts embrace the column and fasten the first and second divided parts together. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
3. A vibration damping device according to claim 2, The surface of the first groove is roughened. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
4. A vibration damping device according to claim 2 or 3, The surface of the second groove is roughened. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
5. A vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The pair of holders each embrace the pair of columns below the first-floor level of the building. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
6. A vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The aforementioned building is a wooden building constructed using traditional construction methods. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
7. A vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It comprises a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft having central axes parallel to the out-of-plane direction, Each of the aforementioned pair of brackets, Fixed to the holder, extending from the holder toward the center of the pair of columns, and having a pair of upper arms in the out-of-plane direction on the plane defined by the central axis of the pair of columns, Fixed to the holder, extending from the holder toward the center of the pair of columns below the pair of upper arms, and in the out-of-plane direction toward the pair of lower arms, Fixed to the upper arm of the pair at the center of the column of the pair, fixed to the lower arm of the pair at the center of the column of the pair, clamping the pendulum in the out-of-plane direction, and in the out-of-plane direction, the pair of center plates, It has, The pendulum is connected by the first connecting shaft to one of the center plates of the pair of brackets so as to be rotatable around the first connecting shaft relative to the center plate of one of the pair of brackets, The pendulum is connected by the second connecting shaft to the center plate of the other bracket of the pair so as to be rotatable around the second connecting shaft relative to the center plate of the other bracket of the pair. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
8. A vibration damping device according to claim 7, The center plate contacts the pendulum. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
9. A vibration damping device according to claim 7, The second connecting shaft is provided so as to be movable in the left-right direction relative to the other of the pair of brackets, the center plate or the pendulum. A vibration damping device characterized by the following features.
10. A vertical array having a plurality of vibration damping devices according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The aforementioned multiple vibration damping devices are arranged vertically, Each of the pairs of holders in the plurality of vibration damping devices embraces the common pair of columns. A longitudinal array characterized by the following:
11. A transverse array having a plurality of vibration damping devices according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The aforementioned multiple vibration damping devices are arranged in a horizontal direction, The adjacent vibration damping devices of the aforementioned plurality of vibration damping devices share a common holder between them, among the pair of holders. A transverse array characterized by the following: