Evacuation hatches and their installation methods

Abstract

To provide an escape hatch that is lightweight and whose height can be adjusted according to the thickness of the slab on which it is installed, and a method for installing the same. [Solution] An escape hatch comprising an upper frame positioned on the upper surface side of a slab, an upper lid connected to the upper frame so as to be openable and closable, a lower frame facing the upper frame from the lower side, a lower lid connected to the lower frame so as to be openable and closable, and an adjustment mechanism for holding the upper frame and the lower frame in a separated state, wherein the separation distance between the upper frame and the lower frame is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an evacuation hatch and a method for installing the same.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, an evacuation device is known which includes a storage frame that is fitted and fixed to an opening provided in a slab such as a floor or a veranda, and an upper lid and a lower lid that are pivotally attached to the floor surface side and the ceiling surface side of the storage frame so as to be openable and closable (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-195576)).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Generally, since evacuation devices are made of metal, conventional evacuation devices are heavy, and therefore, the transportation cost is high and there are difficulties in workability. In addition, since the height of conventional evacuation devices is fixed, the height cannot be adjusted according to the thickness of the slab to be installed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation hatch that is lightweight and can be adjusted in height according to the thickness of the slab to be installed, and a method for installing the same.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention an upper frame disposed on the upper surface side of the slab, an upper lid that is connected to the upper frame so as to be openable and closable, a lower frame that faces the upper frame from the lower surface side, a lower lid that is connected to the lower frame so as to be openable and closable, The system comprises an adjustment mechanism for holding the upper frame and the lower frame in a separated state, The distance between the upper frame and the lower frame is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. We provide an escape hatch characterized by the following:

[0007] In the escape hatch of the present invention, it is preferable that the adjustment mechanism is a screw, and that the upper frame and the lower frame have screw holes that engage with the screw.

[0008] In the escape hatch of the present invention, it is preferable that the screw holes are located at the corners of the upper frame and the lower frame.

[0009] The escape hatch of the present invention preferably further comprises a reinforcing member that strengthens the connection between the upper frame and the lower frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention is A method for installing the above-mentioned escape hatch on a slab, The distance between the upper frame and the lower frame is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism according to the thickness of the slab. The escape hatch is placed on the slab. The invention also provides a method for installing an escape hatch, characterized by including the procedure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, the upper and lower frames are separated, and there is a gap between them, which reduces the weight of the escape hatch and improves convenience in storage, transportation, and installation. Furthermore, the distance between the upper and lower frames, i.e., the height of the escape hatch, can be adjusted using an adjustment mechanism according to the thickness of the slab on which it is installed. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0012] [Figure 1] These are schematic cross-sectional and longitudinal cross-sectional views of an open escape hatch 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] These are a schematic front view, top view, bottom view, and cross-sectional view along line AA of the closed escape hatch 1. [Figure 3] Front view, bottom view, and sectional view taken along line B-B showing the outline of the upper frame 2. [Figure 4] Front view, bottom view, and sectional view taken along line C-C showing the outline of the lower frame 4. [Figure 5] Schematic diagram of the evacuation hatch 1 with the separation distance D between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 widened. [Figure 6] Schematic diagram of the evacuation hatch 1 during storage or transportation. [Figure 7] Diagram showing an example of the process of assembling the reinforcing bars S1 in the installation procedure of the evacuation hatch 1. [Figure 8] Diagram showing an example of the process of arranging the evacuation hatch 1 between the reinforcing bars S1 in the installation procedure of the evacuation hatch 1. [Figure 9] Diagram showing an example of the evacuation hatch 1 installed on the slab S.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0013] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the evacuation hatch and its installation method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these drawings. Also, since the drawings are for conceptually explaining the present invention, dimensions, ratios, or numbers may be exaggerated or simplified as necessary for easy understanding.

[0014] The evacuation hatch 1 is installed on a slab S such as a floor or a veranda in a building such as an apartment house (see FIG. 9) and is used for moving downstairs in the event of a fire or the like. The evacuation hatch 1 is, for example, made of metal and is generally cubic in shape (see FIG. 2). Hereinafter, the components of the evacuation hatch 1 will be described in detail.

[0015] The evacuation hatch 1 includes an upper frame 2 disposed on the upper surface side of the slab S. The upper frame 2 is a roughly rectangular frame when viewed from above, and is particularly preferably roughly square or rectangular in shape (see Figure 3). The upper frame 2 is open upwards and downwards, and can be said to have a cylindrical shape.

[0016] The height (vertical length) H1 of the upper frame 2 can be designed arbitrarily, but from the viewpoint of achieving both lightness and strength, it is preferable to have a height of 50 to 150 mm, and particularly preferable to have a height of 70 to 100 mm.

[0017] The top frame 2 is connected to the top cover 3. The top cover 3 is attached to one side of the top frame 2 via a pivoting member such as a hinge, and covers the opening (upper side) of the top frame 2 so that it can be opened and closed (see Figures 1(B) and 2(D)). A locking mechanism 21 may be attached to the upper frame 2 to prevent the upper lid 3 from opening unintentionally (see Figures 1(B) and 2(D)).

[0018] Furthermore, the escape hatch 1 is equipped with a lower frame 4 that faces the upper frame 2 from the bottom side (see, for example, Figures 1 and 2). In other words, the lower frame 4 is physically separated from the upper frame 2, and in this embodiment, the upper frame 2 and lower frame 4 have substantially the same external shape when viewed in opposing directions (vertical direction). In other words, the lower frame 4 is a roughly rectangular frame when viewed from below, and is particularly preferably roughly square or rectangular in shape (see Figure 4). The lower frame 4 is open downwards and upwards, and can be said to have a cylindrical shape.

[0019] The height H2 of the lower frame 4 can be designed arbitrarily, but from the viewpoint of achieving both weight reduction and strength, it is preferable to have a height of 50 to 150 mm, and particularly preferable to have a height of 70 to 100 mm.

[0020] The lower frame 4 is connected to the lower cover 5. The lower cover 5 is attached to one side of the lower frame 4 (the side corresponding to the side on the upper frame 2 to which the upper cover 3 is attached) via a pivoting member such as a hinge, and covers the (lower) opening of the lower frame 4 so as to be able to open and close (see Figures 1(B) and 2(D)). The lower cover 5 is connected to the upper cover 3 via a link mechanism 8 and can be opened in conjunction with the upper cover 3. The joints constituting the link mechanism 8 may be added or removed depending on the distance D between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 (see Figures 1 and 5).

[0021] Furthermore, the escape hatch 1 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism 6 that holds the upper frame 2 and lower frame 4 in a separated state and allows adjustment of the distance (separation distance) between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4. In other words, the separation distance D between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 (see Figures 1(B) and 5(B)) can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 6.

[0022] The adjustment mechanism 6 is, for example, a screw 61, and it is preferable that the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 are provided with screw holes 62 and 63 that engage with the screw 61. This allows the distance between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 to be narrowed or widened by turning the screw 61. The screw holes 62 and 63 may be located, for example, at the corners of the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 (see Figures 3 and 4). However, the adjustment mechanism 6 is not limited to the above.

[0023] The escape hatch 1 may further include a reinforcing member 7 to strengthen the connection between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4. The reinforcing member 7 may be, for example, one or more plates, but is not limited to this. In the illustrated example, the reinforcing member 7 may be composed of multiple plates so as to correspond to the distance D between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4, and the plates may be joined together, for example, with bolts and nuts. However, other joining methods such as welding may be used.

[0024] The reinforcing member 7 may be provided as appropriate in areas requiring reinforcement, such as the front and rear sides of the upper frame 2 and lower frame 4, or the left and right sides, or any one of them. The material of the reinforcing member 7 can be any material as long as the desired strength can be achieved; for example, metal materials can be used.

[0025] In addition, the escape hatch 1 can store a ladder (not shown) between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4. The ladder is folded inside the escape hatch 1 and can extend downwards when the lower cover 5 is opened.

[0026] Next, we will explain an example of the procedure for installing escape hatch 1. The escape hatch 1 is transported to the site. At this time, as shown in Figure 6, for example, the gap between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 can be eliminated, making it possible to store and transport it. In this state, the escape hatch 1 is thinner than the conventional escape hatch 1, improving transportability and ease of installation, and also achieving weight reduction and space saving.

[0027] On-site, the spacing D between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 is adjusted using the adjustment mechanism 6 according to the thickness of the slab S. This allows the thickness of the escape hatch 1 to be made suitable for the thickness of the slab S. However, it is not mandatory to match the thickness of the escape hatch 1 to the thickness of the slab S. Additionally, reinforcing members 7 may be attached to the upper frame 2 and lower frame 4 as needed.

[0028] At the construction site, reinforcing bars S1 are being assembled to construct slab S (see Figure 7). The escape hatch 1 is then placed between the assembled reinforcing bars S1 (see Figure 8). When concrete is poured around the reinforcing bars S1 (around the escape hatch 1), the installation of the escape hatch 1 is completed (see Figure 9). At this time, it is preferable to cover the surrounding surface of the escape hatch 1 (especially the opening) with a board or the like to prevent concrete from flowing into the escape hatch 1 through the gap between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4. Alternatively, the escape hatch 1 may be covered with a wooden frame or the like to prevent the top and bottom surfaces from becoming soiled before proceeding with various treatments.

[0029] In the escape hatch 1 according to this embodiment, the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 can be separated, eliminating the gap. This reduces the weight of the components, improving transportability, ease of installation, and space saving.

[0030] Furthermore, the escape hatch 1 can be installed to match the thickness of the slab S by simply adjusting the length of the adjustment mechanism 6. For example, fine adjustment of the height is easy by connecting the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 with screws 61.

[0031] Furthermore, by using the reinforcing member 7, the connection strength between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 4 can be increased.

[0032] Although an escape hatch and its installation method, which are embodiments of one invention, have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various design modifications are possible as long as they embody the technical concept of the present invention, and all such design modifications are included within the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0033] 1. Escape hatch 2 Upper frame 3 Top lid 4 Bottom frame 5 Lower lid 6 Adjustment mechanism 7 Reinforcement members S Slab

Claims

1. The upper frame is positioned on the upper side of the slab, The upper frame is connected to the upper frame in a way that allows it to be opened and closed, The upper frame is opposed to the lower frame from the lower side, A lower cover is connected to the lower frame in a manner that allows it to be opened and closed, The system comprises an adjustment mechanism for holding the upper frame and the lower frame in a separated state, The distance between the upper frame and the lower frame is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism. An escape hatch characterized by the following features.

2. The adjustment mechanism is a screw, The upper frame and the lower frame have screw holes that engage with the screws. An escape hatch according to claim 1, characterized by the following:

3. The screw holes are located at the corners of the upper frame and the lower frame. An escape hatch according to claim 1, characterized by the following:

4. The system further includes a reinforcing member to strengthen the connection between the upper frame and the lower frame. An escape hatch according to claim 1, characterized by the following:

5. A method for installing the escape hatch described in claim 1 on a slab, The distance between the upper frame and the lower frame is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism according to the thickness of the slab. The escape hatch is placed between the slabs. A method for installing an escape hatch, characterized by including a procedure.

Images