How to grow cherry tomatoes or bell peppers

Abstract

To provide a method for growing mini tomatoes or bell peppers using a plant heat tolerance inducer that exhibits excellent sustained effectiveness even in environments with high temperatures and contact with water. [Solution] A method for growing mini tomatoes or bell peppers, comprising applying a plant heat tolerance inducer to mini tomatoes or bell peppers, wherein the propellant comprises a carrier on which 2-hexenal, an active ingredient, and at least one hydrophobic compound selected from the group consisting of solid paraffin and highly hydrogenated palm oil having a boiling point above 200°C, is supported, and the content of the hydrophobic compound is 5 to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of the silica gel.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for growing cherry tomatoes or bell peppers. This application claims priority with respect to Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-177588, filed in Japan on October 13, 2023, and the contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference. [Background technology]

[0002] When horticultural plants are exposed to high temperatures, heat damage can lead to a decrease in their quality and yield. Traditionally, measures such as installing shade and ventilation fans in greenhouses have been taken to prevent heat damage, but these measures are costly and not easily implemented.

[0003] Therefore, as a measure that can be easily implemented in many agricultural settings, the application of heat tolerance inducers to plants is being considered. Patent Document 1 discloses, for example, unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as hydroxyacrolein, ethyl vinyl ketone, and 2-hexenal as heat tolerance inducers.

[0004] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a high-temperature resistance inducer that includes a support in which an active ingredient containing one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower is supported on a porous material. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-157307 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2023 / 074526 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] According to the inventors, when the active ingredient of a high-temperature resistance inducer is supported on a porous material, the active ingredient may dissolve in water due to watering for plant growth, rainfall, or use floating on the surface of water such as rice paddies, resulting in a short duration of effectiveness. High-temperature resistance inducers have room for improvement in terms of not only the duration of effectiveness under high-temperature conditions but also in terms of water resistance.

[0007] The present invention provides a plant heat tolerance inducer and a method for inducing plant heat tolerance that exhibit excellent sustained effectiveness even in environments with high temperatures and contact with water. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The present invention has the following aspects. [1] A plant high-temperature tolerance inducer comprising a carrier in which one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point greater than 200°C are supported on a porous material. [2] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to [1], wherein the hydrophobic compound has a solubility in water of less than 10 g / 100 mL. [3] The high temperature resistance inducer according to [2], wherein the hydrophobic compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, mineral oils, and wax esters. [4] A high-temperature resistance inducer according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein the compound that is the active ingredient is an unsaturated carbonyl compound. [5] The high-temperature resistance inducer according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the active ingredient compound is a compound represented by the following formula 1. R 1 -CH=CH-C(=O)-R 2 ...Formula 1 However, R 1 R is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms. 2 This is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. [6] The compound which is the active ingredient is 2-hexenal, 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-heptenal, 1-penten-3-one, 3-penten-2-one, 4-hexen-3-one, 3-hepten-2-one or 2-octen-4-one, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [5] above. [7] The porous material is silica, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [6] above. [8] The silica is at least one selected from porous silica, zeolite and montmorillonite, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to [7] above. [9] The silica is silica gel, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to [7] above.

[10] The specific surface area of the porous material is 100 to 1,000 m 2 / g, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [9] above.

[11] The content of the hydrophobic compound is 1 to 200% by mass based on the total mass of the porous material, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[10] above.

[12] The content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the porous material, and the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[11] above.

[13] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, which comprises applying the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above to plants.

[14] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above is housed in a container having an opening or a breathable packaging material, and the container or the packaging material is installed on the ground or the water surface around a plant having pores. A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants.

[15] The high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above is housed in a container having an opening or a breathable packaging material, and attached to a plant or a support. A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants.

[16] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, which comprises spraying the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] above on the ground or the water surface around the plants.

[17] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, comprising fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] on the surface of a sheet or tape, and installing the sheet or tape on the ground or water surface around the plant.

[18] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, comprising fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to

[12] on the surface of a sheet or tape, and attaching the sheet or tape to a plant or a support. [Effect of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants and a method for inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants, which are excellent in the persistence of effects even in an environment where they are in contact with high temperature and water. [Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention]

[0010] In the present invention, the "boiling point" and the "sublimation point" are values at normal pressure (1 atm), respectively. The "~" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values described before and after it are included as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

[0011] The high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a carrier in which one or more compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower as an active ingredient and a hydrophobic compound having a boiling point of more than 200°C are supported on a porous material.

[0012] (Active ingredient) The active ingredient has an action of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants. In the present embodiment, the active ingredient is a compound having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower (hereinafter, also referred to as "Compound A"). The Compound A in the active ingredient may be one kind or two or more kinds.

[0013] Since Compound A has a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower, it can be vaporized (evaporated or sublimated) in the plant growth environment (for example, 0 to 50°C). <00,00116>The boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 175°C or lower, more preferably 150°C or lower. The lower the boiling point or sublimation point, the easier it is to vaporize after application, so the usefulness of the present invention is high. From the viewpoint of the persistence of the effect, the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 100°C or higher. The upper and lower limit values of the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the boiling point or sublimation point of Compound A is preferably 80°C or higher and 200°C or lower, more preferably 80°C or higher and 175°C or lower, and even more preferably 100°C or higher and 150°C or lower. Compound A may be a liquid or a solid at 25°C.

[0014] Compound A can be appropriately selected from known compounds having an action of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants and having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower. Examples of compounds having an action of inducing high-temperature tolerance in plants include unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated ketones. Specific examples of unsaturated carbonyl compounds include those described in JP-A-2011-157307 and WO 2016 / 031775.

[0015] As the unsaturated carbonyl compound, a compound represented by the following formula 1 is preferable. R 1 -CH=CH-C(=O)-R 2 ···Formula 1 However, R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, and R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. <00,00129>R 1 and R 2 The alkyl groups in each may be linear or branched. Among the compounds represented by Formula 1, R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R 1 and R 2Compounds in which the sum of the number of carbon atoms is 6 or less (total number of carbon atoms is 9 or less) are preferred.

[0016] Examples of unsaturated carbonyl compounds having a boiling point or sublimation point of 200°C or lower include 2-hexenal (boiling point 146°C), 2-butenal (boiling point 105°C), 2-pentenal (boiling point 126-130°C), 2-heptenal (boiling point 166°C), 1-penten-3-one (boiling point 81°C), 3-penten-2-one (boiling point 123°C), 4-hexen-3-one (boiling point 137°C), 3-hepten-2-one (boiling point 156°C), and 2-octen-4-one (boiling point 178°C).

[0017] Other examples of compounds that induce high-temperature tolerance in plants include branched-chain amino acids and their intermediates in their biosynthetic and consumption pathways (hereinafter collectively referred to as "branched-chain amino acids"). Specific examples of branched-chain amino acids are those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-197249. Examples of branched-chain amino acids having a boiling or sublimation point of 200°C or lower include leucine (sublimation point 145-148°C) and α-ketoisovaleric acid (boiling point 171°C).

[0018] The content of the active ingredient is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, relative to the total mass of the porous material. When the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10% by mass, it can sufficiently exert its effect of inducing high temperature tolerance in plants. The content of the active ingredient is determined by extracting the active ingredient from the porous material with a solvent capable of dissolving the active ingredient, and analyzing the obtained extract by gas chromatography (for example, Agilent 7890A).

[0019] (Hydrophobic compounds) Hydrophobic compounds, when supported on a porous material along with the active ingredient, suppress the rapid leaching of the active ingredient even in environments in contact with water, enabling the creation of highly durable high-temperature tolerance inducers for plants. Hydrophobic compounds are different compounds from the active ingredient mentioned above.

[0020] Hydrophobic compounds have a boiling point greater than 200°C. Preferably, the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is 250°C or higher, and more preferably 300°C or higher. A higher boiling point makes it less likely to vaporize after application, thus effectively suppressing the rapid outflow of the active ingredient. There is no particular upper limit to the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound, but for example, 500°C is an example. The upper and lower limits of the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound can be arbitrarily combined. For example, the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is preferably greater than 200°C and 500°C or less, more preferably between 250°C and 500°C, and even more preferably between 300°C and 500°C. The hydrophobic compound may be a liquid or a solid at 25°C.

[0021] The hydrophobic compound is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, mineral oils, and wax esters. Examples of vegetable oils include olive oil, linseed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, perilla oil, rapeseed oil, butter, rice bran oil, rice oil, palm oil (including hydrogenated palm oil), margarine, soybean oil, and sunflower oil. Examples of mineral oils include C n H 2n+2 (n = integers from 10 to 200) or C n H 2n Examples of compounds represented by (n=10 to 200 integers) include wax esters. Wax esters refer to compounds in which a long-chain fatty acid with 10 or more carbon atoms is esterified with an aliphatic alcohol with 8 or more carbon atoms. Examples of wax esters include waxes (e.g., soy wax, palm wax, beeswax, and white wax).

[0022] The solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is preferably less than 10 g / 100 mL, and more preferably 1 g / 100 mL or less. A solubility of less than 10 g / 100 mL in water suppresses the rapid outflow of the active ingredient even in environments where it comes into contact with water. The lower limit of the solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is not particularly limited, but for example, it is 0.001 g / 100 mL. The solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is preferably 0.001 g / 100 mL or more and less than 10 g / 100 mL, and more preferably 0.001 g / 100 mL or more and 1 g / 100 mL or less.

[0023] The solubility of hydrophobic compounds in water can be measured by measuring the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration.

[0024] The hydrophobic compound content is preferably 1 to 200% by mass, more preferably 5 to 50% by mass, even more preferably 7 to 20% by mass, and particularly preferably 7 to 9% by mass, relative to the total mass of the porous material. When the hydrophobic compound content is 1 to 200% by mass, the rapid outflow of the active ingredient can be suppressed even in environments in contact with water.

[0025] (porous material) Porous materials are carriers that hold active ingredients. The porous material may be silica. In this specification, silica means a compound containing silicon dioxide. Examples of silica include porous silica such as silica gel, diatomaceous earth, and mesoporous silica, as well as zeolite, montmorillonite, boiling stone, porous glass, kaolinite, sericite, illite, gluconite, chlorite, and talc. The silica is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of porous silica, zeolite, and montmorillonite, more preferably porous silica, and even more preferably silica gel.

[0026] The high-temperature resistance inducer may contain porous materials other than silica. The proportion of silica is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, even more preferably 90% by mass or more, particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, and may be up to the upper limit of 100% by mass, relative to the total mass of silica and other porous materials. The upper and lower limits of the silica proportion can be any combination. When the proportion of silica relative to the total mass of silica and other porous materials is within the above range, sustained release and stability of the active ingredient tend to be better.

[0027] The specific surface area of ​​porous materials is 100 to 1,000 m². 2 The specific surface area of ​​porous materials is 200-1,000 m². 2 / g is preferred, and 420~1,000m 2 / g is more preferable. Specific surface area of ​​porous material is 1 to 3,000 m².2 When the concentration is / g, the retention rate of compound A is high, and the duration of the effect can be improved. (Specific surface area of ​​porous material: 420-1,000 m²) 2 At a concentration of / g, the residual rate of compound A is higher, further improving the persistence of the effect. The specific surface area is measured by gas adsorption. Specifically, a specific surface area measuring device (Shimadzu Corporation, product name 3Flex) is used, 100 mg of the sample is set, N2 is used as the adsorption gas, and the specific surface area is measured under cryogenic conditions.

[0028] The pore volume of porous materials is, for example, 0.01–10 mL / g, 0.05–3 mL / g, and even 0.1–1.7 mL / g. Pore volume is measured by the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) method. Specifically, a pore distribution analyzer (e.g., Shimadzu 3Flex) is used, 100 mg of the sample is set, and the pore volume is measured under cryogenic conditions. The pore diameters of porous materials are, for example, 0.5 to 1,000 nm, 0.5 to 100 nm, and 1 to 25 nm. The pore diameter is measured by gas adsorption. Specifically, a specific surface area analyzer (e.g., Shimadzu 3Flex) is used, 100 mg of the sample is placed in it, and the pore diameter is measured under cryogenic conditions. The oil absorption capacity of porous materials is, for example, 1 to 1,000 mL / 100g, 10 to 500 mL / 100g, and 40 to 300 mL / 100g. The oil absorption capacity is measured by the boiled linseed oil method. Specifically, small amounts of boiled linseed oil are mixed with the porous material, and the amount of boiled linseed oil used per 100g of porous material is measured when the mixture can be rolled into a spiral shape using a spatula, and this is defined as the oil absorption capacity.

[0029] There are no particular restrictions on the shape of the porous material, and examples include particulate, block-shaped, film-shaped, pellet-shaped, and honeycomb-shaped. Particulate is preferred in terms of availability. Examples of particle shapes include spherical, ellipsoidal, needle-shaped, flaky, and irregular shapes. When porous materials are in particulate form, the average particle size of the porous material is, for example, 0.1–1,000 μm, 4–1,000 μm, or even 0.5–300 μm. The average particle size is measured using a Coulter counter (e.g., Beckman Coulter Multisizer 4e).

[0030] Among porous silica materials, silica gel is preferred from a safety standpoint. The average primary particle size of silica gel is, for example, 1 to 3,000 μm, and preferably 5 to 1,100 μm. The average primary particle size of silica gel can be controlled using a sieve shaker or the like. The average primary particle size of silica gel is the 50% cumulative volume particle size measured under solution conditions using a particle size analyzer (e.g., Beckman Coulter Multisizer 4e) when the porous material contains only primary particles. If a porous material is a mixture of primary and secondary particles, the average primary particle diameter is given by d = 6 / ρ·s (ρ = density [g / cm³]). 3 ], s=specific surface area [cm 2 It can be calculated using the formula [ / g]. The specific surface area can be measured using the method described below.

[0031] The specific surface area of ​​silica gel is, for example, 30 to 1,000 m². 2 / g, 100~1,000m 2 / g, 150~1,000m 2 / g, 200~1,000m 2 / g, and even 420-1,000m 2 The specific surface area is given by / g. The specific surface area of ​​silica gel can be measured in the same way as the specific surface area of ​​porous materials. The pore volume of silica gel is, for example, 0.05–3 mL / g, 0.2–2.5 mL / g, and even 0.5–1.7 mL / g. The pore volume of silica gel can be measured in the same way as the pore volume of porous materials. The pore diameters of silica gel are, for example, 0.5–100 nm, 2–50 nm, and even 3–25 nm. The pore diameter of silica gel can be measured in the same way as the pore diameter of porous materials. The oil absorption capacity of silica gel is, for example, 10-500 mL / 100g, 50-450 mL / 100g, and even 100-300 mL / 100g. The oil absorption capacity of silica gel can be measured in the same way as that of porous materials.

[0032] (Carrier) In the carrier, the loading rate of the active ingredient is preferably, for example, 0.1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, relative to the total amount of the carrier. When the active ingredient content is 0.1 to 10% by mass, it can sufficiently exert its effect of inducing high temperature tolerance in plants. The loading rate of the active ingredient is determined by extracting the active ingredient from the carrier using a solvent capable of dissolving the active ingredient, and then analyzing the resulting extract by gas chromatography (for example, Agilent 7890A).

[0033] (Other ingredients) The high-temperature resistance inducer may, if necessary, further contain other components besides the active ingredient, hydrophobic compound, and porous material, as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. If the high-temperature resistance inducer contains other components, these other components may or may not be supported on the carrier. Other components include, for example, compounds other than compound A that induce high-temperature tolerance in plants (hereinafter referred to as compound B), antioxidants, coupling agents, and binders. Compound B is a compound having a boiling point or sublimation point above 200°C. The ratio of compound A to compound B is not particularly limited. For example, compound A may be 1% by mass or more, or even 10% by mass or more, relative to the total mass of compound A and compound B, and may be up to the upper limit of 100% by mass. The upper and lower limits of the ratio of compound A can be combined arbitrarily. When the ratio of compound A to the total mass of compound A and compound B is equal to or greater than the lower limit, it can fully exert its effect of inducing high temperature tolerance in plants.

[0034] (Method for manufacturing high-temperature resistant inducers) High-temperature resistance inducers are obtained by supporting one or more active ingredients, which are compound A, and hydrophobic compounds on a porous material.

[0035] The method of loading is not particularly limited, and any known method can be used as appropriate. For example, a support can be obtained by contacting an active ingredient and a hydrophobic compound with a porous material together with a liquid medium whose boiling point is lower than the boiling point or sublimation point of compound A, and then drying (removing the liquid medium) at a temperature lower than the boiling point or sublimation point of compound A. The active ingredient and the hydrophobic compound may be contacted with the porous material simultaneously, or separately. When the active ingredient and the hydrophobic compound are contacted with the porous material separately, it is preferable to contact the active ingredient with the porous material first, and then the hydrophobic compound with the porous material.

[0036] The liquid medium can be any medium capable of dissolving or dispersing the active ingredient. The amount of liquid medium used is, for example, 10 to 10,000 parts by mass, or even 100 to 1,000 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the carrier.

[0037] There are no particular restrictions on the method of bringing the active ingredient, hydrophobic compound, and liquid medium into contact with the porous material; known methods such as immersion and spraying can be applied. The contact time should be sufficient for the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound to be sufficiently impregnated into the porous material, and can be appropriately adjusted depending on the size and material of the porous material. When the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound are liquids, a carrier can also be obtained by contacting only the active ingredient and hydrophobic compound with a porous material.

[0038] If necessary, the resulting carrier may be excipiented with other components into any dosage form. When the carrier is excipiented into any dosage form, the dosage form is not particularly limited and includes, for example, tablets, granules, films, blocks, sheets, and tapes including an adhesive layer. Known methods can be used for excipient formation.

[0039] If necessary, the resulting high-temperature tolerance inducer may be placed in a container or packaging material for application to plants. After application of the high-temperature tolerance inducer, compound A vaporizes and diffuses into the air to reach the plants, thereby inducing high-temperature tolerance. Therefore, the container or packaging material is preferably breathable or has one or more openings that connect the inside and outside of the container, in order to allow the vaporized compound A to be released outside the container. The container or packaging material may be equipped with mounting members for attaching the container or packaging material to a plant or any support.

[0040] (Application) High-temperature tolerance inducers are applied to plants to induce their tolerance to high temperatures. By applying high-temperature tolerance inducers to plants, it is possible to induce their tolerance to high temperatures. High-temperature damage refers to the adverse effects on plant growth caused by high temperatures. When horticultural plants suffer from high-temperature damage, their quality and yield decline. Specific examples of damage include smaller size, insufficient bulb development, low sugar content, and short stems in head-forming plants, as well as malformed flowers and poor flower color. High-temperature resistance refers to the ability to withstand high temperatures.

[0041] The plants to which the high-temperature tolerance inducer is applied are not particularly limited, as long as they can be made to exhibit high-temperature tolerance by compound A. In this embodiment, the plants to which the high-temperature tolerance inducer is applied are typically plants with stomata, preferably horticultural plants. Specific plants (especially horticultural plants) include, for example, cereals (rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, and corn, etc.), legumes (soybeans, adzuki beans, broad beans, peas, and peanuts, etc.), fruit trees and fruits (apples, citrus fruits, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, cherries, walnuts, almonds, bananas, and strawberries, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, eggplants, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, onions, leeks, and bell peppers, etc.), root vegetables (carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, and turnips, etc.), Examples include crops for processing (cotton, hemp, paper mulberry, paper mulberry, rapeseed, beet, hops, sugarcane, sugar beet, olive, rubber, coffee, tobacco, and tea, etc.), gourds (pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, and melon, etc.), pasture grasses (orchardgrass, sorghum, timothy, clover, and alfalfa, etc.), turfgrass (Korean grass and bentgrass, etc.), flowers (chrysanthemum, rose, and orchid, etc.), and crops for fragrances, etc. (lavender, rosemary, thyme, parsley, pepper, and ginger, etc.).

[0042] The method for inducing high temperature tolerance according to the present invention includes applying the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention to plants. Known methods can be applied as methods for applying the high temperature tolerance inducer to plants. For example, one method is to place silica gel carrying the active ingredient in a container with an opening or breathable packaging material and place it around the plant. If the high temperature tolerance inducer is contained in the aforementioned container with an opening or breathable packaging material, this container or packaging material may be placed on the ground or water surface around the plant. Here, the water surface may be the water surface of a paddy field. If the container or packaging material is equipped with the aforementioned mounting member, this container or packaging material may be attached to the plant or any support. The high temperature tolerance inducer may also be scattered on the ground or water surface around the plant without being contained in the breathable packaging material or container with an opening. The high temperature tolerance inducer may be fixed to the surface of a sheet or tape and the sheet or tape may be placed on the ground or water surface around the plant. The high temperature tolerance inducer may be fixed to the surface of a sheet or tape and the sheet or tape may be attached to the plant or support. The application rate of high-temperature tolerance inducers can be appropriately set according to the type of active ingredient, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and the optimal concentration for the target plant. For example, in the case of 2-hexenal, the application rate should be such that the atmospheric concentration of 2-hexenal is approximately 0.001 to 0.1 ppm. High-temperature tolerance inducers may be used mixed with soil or other fertilizers. The mixture of soil and fertilizer may be placed on or in the ground around the plants. [Examples]

[0043] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples described below. "%" indicates "mass%". Examples 1-4 and 6 are examples of actual cases, example 5 is a reference example, and examples 7-8 are comparative examples.

[0044] (Examples 1-5) The active ingredients, porous material, hydrophobic compound, and 500 parts by mass of dichloromethane per 100 parts by mass of solids, as shown in Table 1, were added to a round-bottom flask and stirred at 25°C for 1 minute. Then, the dichloromethane was evaporated from the reaction mixture using a rotary evaporator to obtain a powdered high-temperature resistant inducer. Solid paraffin: Paraffin Wax-135, manufactured by Nippon Seiro Co., Ltd. Melting point 58°C, solubility in water less than 0.01g / 100mL. Super-hardened palm oil: Manufactured by Yokozeki Oil & Fat Industry Co., Ltd. Melting point approximately 58°C, solubility in water less than 0.01g / 100mL.

[0045] (evaluation) The obtained high-temperature resistance inducers were evaluated using the following evaluation method.

[0046] <Measurement of active ingredient load rate> 5 g of a chloroform:methanol = 9:1 (volume ratio) mixed solvent was added to a vial containing a high-temperature resistance inducer, and the mixture was stirred for 1 minute to extract the supported 2-hexenal. Hexadecane was added as an internal standard, and the resulting mixture was filtered. The obtained filtrate (extract containing the internal standard) was analyzed by gas chromatography, and the amount of 2-hexenal (mg) was calculated using a calibration curve previously prepared with hexadecane as the internal standard. From the calculated amount of 2-hexenal (mg) and the mass of the high-temperature resistance inducer in the vial, the loading percentage (%) of 2-hexenal in the high-temperature resistance inducer (100%) was determined.

[0047] <Measurement of hydrophobic compound load capacity> The high-temperature resistance inducer was heated at 750°C for 30 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere using a TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer), and the total amount of organic compounds (mg) in the high-temperature resistance inducer was measured. The total organic compound loading rate (%) in the high-temperature resistance inducer was calculated from the amount of high-temperature resistance inducer (mg) and the total amount of organic compounds (mg) used in the analysis. The hydrophobic compound loading rate (%) was calculated by subtracting the 2-hexenal loading rate (%) obtained in <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> from the total organic compound loading rate (%).

[0048] <High Temperature Resistance Evaluation> Vials containing a high-temperature resistance inducer were left unattended for 7 days at 50°C and 40% humidity. After standing, the 2-hexenal loading rate (%) was determined in the same manner as in the <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> described above. The remaining 2-hexenal rate was calculated using the following formula and evaluated according to the evaluation criteria below. Note that the "initial 2-hexenal content" in the formula is the value obtained in the <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> described above. 2-Hexenal retention rate (%) = 2-Hexenal load rate after standing for 7 days in a 50°C, 40% humidity environment (%) / Initial 2-Hexenal load rate (%) × 100

[0049] Evaluation Criteria A: The residual rate of 2-hexenal is 80% or higher. B: The residual rate of 2-hexenal (%) is between 10% and less than 80%. The residual rate of C:2-hexenal is less than 10%.

[0050] <High-temperature water resistance evaluation> The high-temperature resistance inducer was placed in a standard test sieve with a mesh size of 75 μm, immersed in water for 5 seconds, and then removed from the water. After removal, the sieve was left uncovered and allowed to stand for 7 days in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity. After standing, the 2-hexenal loading rate (%) was determined in the same manner as in the <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> described above. The remaining 2-hexenal rate was calculated using the following formula and evaluated according to the evaluation criteria below. Note that the "initial 2-hexenal content" in the formula is the value obtained in the <Measurement of Active Ingredient Loading Rate> described above. 2-Hexenal retention rate (%) = 2-Hexenal loading rate (%) after standing for 7 days in an environment of 50°C and 40% humidity / Initial 2-Hexenal loading rate (%) × 100

[0051] Evaluation Criteria a: The residual rate of 2-hexenal is 50% or more. b: The residual rate of 2-hexenal (%) is 5% or more but less than 50%. c: The residual rate of 2-hexenal (%) is less than 5%.

[0052] [Table 1]

[0053] When using the high-temperature resistance inducer in Example 7, which does not use a hydrophobic compound, the high-temperature water resistance evaluation results were poor. When using the high-temperature resistance inducer in Example 8, which does not use a porous material, the high-temperature performance evaluation results were poor. In contrast, when using high-temperature resistance inducers such as those described in Examples 1-6, which utilize porous materials and hydrophobic compounds, the evaluation results were favorable.

[0054] <High Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 1 (Rice)> 0.2g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was added to 4L of HB-101 potting soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. and mixed well. The mixture was then added to a 5L bucket. Water was added to the bucket so that the water level was more than 5cm above the surface of the mixture, and two rice seedlings were planted in this mixture to create Example 11 (April 27, 2024, experimental site: Tokyo). Meanwhile, for Control Example 11, only 4L of HB-101 potting soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. was added to another 5L bucket, and water was added to the bucket so that the water level was more than 5cm above the surface of the potting soil. Two rice seedlings were planted in this bucket as well. After that, both Example 11 and Control Example 11 were watered once a day, and from May 11, 800mL of Hyponex concentrate manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd., diluted with water to the specified concentration, was given once a week. The water level was maintained to be more than 5cm above the surface of the mixture or potting soil until July 30. Between May 11th and July 30th, a total of 0.03g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was added to the water in Example 11 in four separate additions. After that, the water was withheld for three days, and then water was added again, maintaining the water-filled state.

[0055] As of September 7th, the number of headings was counted, and Example 11 had 37 headings, while the control example 11 had 21. Despite the effects of high summer temperatures, Example 11, which was treated with the high-temperature tolerance inducer in Example 3, showed more than 70% more headings than the control example 11, which was not treated.

[0056] <High Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 2 (Paprika)> 15L of HB-101 potting soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. was added to a planter (650mm long x 225mm wide x 180mm high), one paprika seedling (variety: Taiyo no Paprika) was planted, and 0.004g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was sprinkled on top of the potting soil to create Example 12 (July 20, 2024, experimental site: Tokyo). Meanwhile, in another planter designated as Control Example 12, one seedling was planted in the same manner except that the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was sprinkled on top. After that, both Example 12 and Control Example 12 were watered once a day, and from August 3, 800mL of Hyponex concentrate manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd., diluted with water to the specified concentration, was given once a week. For Example 12, a total of 0.02g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was sprinkled on the soil in three separate applications between August 3 and September 7.

[0057] As of September 7th, the number of fruits was counted, and Example 12 had 17 fruits, while the control example 12 had 13. Example 12, which was treated with the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3, had about 30% more fruits than the control example 12, which was not treated. It was also observed that the leaves of Example 12 were less prone to wilting during high summer temperatures.

[0058] <High Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 3 (Cherry Tomatoes)> 0.8g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was added to 15L of Flora Co., Ltd.'s HB-101 potting soil and mixed well. The mixture was then added to a planter (650mm wide x 225mm long x 180mm high). One mini tomato seedling (variety: CF Choco Aiko) was then planted, and this was designated as Example 13 (May 3, 2024, experimental site: Tokyo). Meanwhile, 15L of Flora Co., Ltd.'s HB-101 potting soil was added to another planter, designated as Example 13, and one seedling was planted in the same manner. After that, both Example 13 and Control Example 13 were watered once a day, and from May 18, 800mL of Hyponex concentrate from Hyponex Co., Ltd., diluted with water to the specified concentration, was applied once a week. For Example 13, a total of 0.03g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was sprinkled on the soil in four separate applications between May 18 and July 21.

[0059] By July 21st, the number of fruits harvested was 65 for Example 13 and 48 for the control example 13. Example 13, which was treated with the heat tolerance inducer from Example 3, had about 30% more fruits than the untreated control example 13. In addition, Example 13 had a flowering period that was more than 20 days longer than the control example 13, and the plant was more than 5 cm larger.

[0060] <High Temperature Tolerance Evaluation 4 (Strawberry)> 15L of HB-101 potting soil manufactured by Flora Co., Ltd. was added to a planter (650mm wide x 225mm long x 180mm high). Two runner seedlings obtained from strawberry seedlings (variety: Akihime) from 2022 were planted in the soil, which was designated as Example 14 (October 21, 2023, experimental site: Tokyo). A black agricultural mulch sheet was placed on top of the potting soil. After that, the plants were watered once a day, and from November 4, 800mL of Hyponex concentrate manufactured by Hyponex Co., Ltd., diluted with water to the specified concentration, was applied once a week. Fruit was produced from February to March 2024, but since fruit production stopped, a total of 0.03g of the high-temperature tolerance inducer from Example 3 was sprinkled on the black agricultural mulch sheet in three separate applications between April 27, 2024 and July 13, 2024. Although no fruit was produced after May 2023, by applying the high-temperature tolerance inducer described in Example 3, 10 sweet fruits were produced between May 19, 2024 and July 13, 2024.

[0061] <Algal resistance evaluation> For each of the high-temperature tolerance inducers in Examples 3 and 7, 0.2g was added to 4L of Flora Co., Ltd.'s HB-101 potting soil and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then added to a 5L bucket. Water was added to the mixture, and two rice seedlings were planted. The bucket was then watered once a day, and the water level was maintained. On the 15th day, the bucket was observed to see if algae had grown. Furthermore, data for the case where the same growing medium was used but no high-temperature tolerance inducer was added is included as reference data. Evaluation Criteria X: No algae grew. Y: Algae grew

[0062] In Example 7, when a high-temperature tolerance inducer was used without a hydrophobic compound, the anti-algal performance evaluation result was Y compared to when no high-temperature tolerance inducer was added. In contrast, when using the high-temperature resistance inducer in Example 3, which utilizes a porous material and a hydrophobic compound, the anti-algal performance evaluation result was good (X). [Industrial applicability]

[0063] The high-temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention exhibits excellent sustained effectiveness even in environments with high temperatures and water. Therefore, by directly applying the high-temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention, or by excipienting it into any dosage form and placing it on the ground or water surface around plants with stomata, or by attaching it to plants or any support, it is possible to prevent a decline in plant quality and yield.

Claims

1. The product comprises a carrier on which the active ingredient 2-hexenal and at least one hydrophobic compound having a boiling point above 200°C, selected from the group consisting of solid paraffin and highly hydrogenated palm oil, are supported on silica gel. A plant heat tolerance inducer comprising the hydrophobic compound in an amount of 5 to 50% by mass relative to the total mass of the silica gel, A method for growing cherry tomatoes or bell peppers, including applying a treatment to the plants.

2. The growth method according to claim 1, wherein the solubility of the hydrophobic compound in water is less than 10 g / 100 mL.

3. The growth method according to claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the hydrophobic compound is 250 to 500°C.

4. The specific surface area of ​​the silica gel is 100 to 1,000 m². ２ A method for raising plants according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount is / g.

5. The growth method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the active ingredient is 0.1 to 10% by mass relative to the total mass of the silica gel.

6. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application is spraying onto the ground around the plant.

7. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application involves placing the high-temperature tolerance inducer in a container having an opening or a breathable packaging material, and then placing the container or packaging material on the ground around a plant having stomata.

8. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application involves placing the high-temperature tolerance inducer in a container having an opening or in a breathable packaging material and attaching it to a plant or support.

9. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application involves fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer to the surface of a sheet or tape and installing the sheet or tape on the ground around the plant.

10. The cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application involves fixing the high-temperature tolerance inducer to the surface of a sheet or tape and attaching the sheet or tape to a plant or support.

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