Thermal integration system and method for gas capture systems

Abstract

This invention relates to a system and method for improving the efficiency of industrial plants having combustion systems and gas treatment systems. [Solution] One or more heat exchangers 121 are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, steam turbine system 64, or a combination thereof. One or more heat exchangers 121 are also configured to receive air 96. One or more heat exchangers 121 are also configured to put the steam 116 into a heat exchange relationship with the air 96 in order to produce heated air 118 and cooled steam 119. One or more heat exchangers 121 are also configured to send the cooled steam 119 to the carbon capture system 100. One or more heat exchangers 121 are also configured to send the heated air 118 to one or more injection positions of the gas turbine system 12.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to systems and methods for improving the efficiency of industrial plants having combustion systems and gas treatment systems. More specifically, the inventions claimed herein relate to the subject matter recited in the claims.

Background Art

[0002] Various undesirable gases pollute the atmosphere. For example, undesirable gases include carbon oxides (CO X ), such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO X ), such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and / or sulfur oxides (SO X ), such as sulfur dioxide (SO2). Due to various regulations and environmental concerns regarding global warming, it is desirable to reduce undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) in the atmosphere. Industrial plants may include a combined cycle system having a gas turbine system that generates exhaust gas from the combustion of fuel, a heat recovery steam generator configured to generate steam from the heat of the exhaust gas, and a steam turbine system driven by the steam. The combined cycle system may include a gas treatment system for reducing undesirable gases, however, the gas treatment system can be costly and may reduce the efficiency of the plant. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of the gas treatment system used in the combined cycle system and remove undesirable gases from the exhaust gas discharged from and / or into the atmosphere while maintaining the efficiency of the remaining subsystems used in the combined cycle system.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] The inventions claimed herein relate to the subject matter recited in the claims. Specific embodiments commensurate with the overall disclosure of this application are summarized below, whether or not they are currently claimed.

[0004] In certain embodiments, the system includes an intake heating system having one or more heat exchangers. One or more heat exchangers are fluidly coupled to a steam turbine system, a gas turbine system, a carbon capture system, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). One or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to receive air. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to put steam in a heat exchange relationship with air to produce heated air and cooled steam. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the cooled steam to the carbon capture system. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the heated air to one or more injection positions in the gas turbine system.

[0005] In certain embodiments, the system includes a gas turbine system, a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a steam turbine system, a carbon capture system, and an intake heating system having one or more heat exchangers. One or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to receive air. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to put steam in a heat exchange relationship with air to produce heated air and cooled steam. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the cooled steam to the carbon capture system. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the heated air to one or more injection positions in the gas turbine system.

[0006] In certain embodiments, the method includes receiving steam from a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a steam turbine system, or a combination thereof in at least one heat exchanger of an intake heating system. The method also includes receiving air into at least one heat exchanger. The method also includes transferring heat from the steam to the air in at least one heat exchanger to produce heated air and cooled steam. The method also includes sending the cooled steam to a carbon capture system. The method also includes sending the heated air to one or more injection positions of a gas turbine system.

[0007] These and other features, aspects and advantages of the techniques disclosed herein will be well understood by reading the following descriptions of embodiments for carrying out the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference numerals throughout the drawings represent the same parts. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a combined cycle system having an intake heating system according to the embodiments described herein. [Figure 2] This is a block diagram of one embodiment of a steam turbine having multiple tap-off positions for transferring steam to an intake heating system, according to embodiments described herein. [Figure 3] This is a diagram of one embodiment of the process for operating an intake heating system according to the embodiments described herein. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] Specific embodiments of one or more of the systems and methods disclosed herein are described below. Not all features of actual implementations are described herein in order to provide a concise description of these embodiments. In developing such actual implementations, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with system-related and business-related constraints, which may differ from one implementation to another. Furthermore, while such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, they are still considered routine design, fabrication, and manufacturing work for those skilled in the art who are interested in this disclosure.

[0010] When describing elements of various embodiments of the embodiments disclosed herein, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” indicate that one or more elements exist. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are comprehensive and indicate that further elements other than those listed may exist.

[0011] This disclosure generally relates to intake heating systems (e.g., intake air heating systems) for industrial plants having a combined cycle system. The intake heating system receives steam from a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. The intake heating system also receives air (e.g., ambient air) from the ambient environment and / or an air source. The intake heating system puts the steam into a heat exchange relationship with the air, transferring heat from the steam to the air, thereby producing heated air and cooled steam. The intake heating system sends the heated air to an intake system which is fluidly coupled to the compressor of the gas turbine system of the combined cycle system. The intake heating system sends the cooled steam to a carbon capture system of the combined cycle system. As disclosed herein, the intake heating system may include one or more heat exchangers. Intake heating systems can eliminate the need for superheat reducers, which are typically used to superheat and reduce steam for use in carbon capture systems. Thus, intake heating systems serve a dual purpose: heating air for gas turbine systems and superheating and reducing steam for carbon capture systems.

[0012] With the above in mind, Figure 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of an industrial plant 10 having a gas turbine system 12, an energy recovery system 14, an intake air heating system 16, a gas treatment system 18 having one or more gas capture systems 20, and a controller 22 coupled to each of systems 12, 14, 16, and 18. As described below, one or more gas capture systems 20 of the gas treatment system 18 are configured to capture undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from exhaust gas and / or air (e.g., direct air capture). The gas capture system 20 of the industrial plant 10 includes a carbon capture system 100 for use in capturing undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from exhaust gas of a combustion system, air from the atmosphere, or a combination thereof. Note that the gas capture system 20 (e.g., the carbon capture system 100) does not necessarily have to be coupled to the gas treatment system 18. In certain embodiments, the carbon capture system 100 may be independent of or separate from the industrial plant 10, such as a standalone carbon capture system 100 used directly for air capture. Furthermore, the carbon capture system 100 also includes a heat source and a cooling source. Before describing the gas treatment system 18 in detail, various embodiments of the industrial plant 10 will be described in more detail. For the purpose of directions in the drawings, an axial direction or axis 40, a radial direction or axis 42 extending radially away from the axial direction or axis 40, and a circumferential direction or axis 44 extending circumferentially around the axial direction or axis 40 may be referenced, for example, to the rotation axis 36 of the gas turbine system 12.

[0013] The gas turbine system 12 includes an intake port 50, a compressor 52 having one or more compressor stages, one or more combustors 54, a turbine 56 having one or more turbine stages, and a load 58 (e.g., a generator) driven by the turbine 56. In certain embodiments, the gas turbine system 12 further includes an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system 60 configured to recirculate exhaust gas 62 to the intake port 50. The recirculated exhaust gas 62 contains certain emissions associated with combustion in the combustors 54 (e.g., nitrogen oxides (NOx)). XThis helps reduce the temperature and formation of the )). During operation, the compressor 52 receives air (and exhaust gas 62 if the EGR system 60 is operating) from the intake port 50 and compresses the air and / or exhaust gas 62 in one or more compressor stages (e.g., stages of rotary compressor blades). The combustor 54 then burns fuel from the fuel supply system with the compressed air and / or exhaust gas to produce hot combustion gas. The hot combustion gas expands to drive one or more turbine stages (e.g., stages of rotary turbine blades) in the turbine 56, thereby driving the rotation of the compressor 52 and load 58 via the shaft. The turbine 56 then outputs the hot combustion gas as exhaust gas 62. The gas turbine system 12 may include various piping to support the flow of intake, compressed air (e.g., extraction), one or more fuels (e.g., liquid fuel, gaseous fuel, etc.), combustion additives, exhaust gas (e.g., exhaust gas recirculation), or other fluids.

[0014] The energy recovery system 14 includes a steam turbine system 64 and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 66. The HRSG 66 recovers waste heat from exhaust gas 62 to generate steam for driving the steam turbine system 64. The HRSG 66 includes an HP steam section 70, an IP steam section 72, and an LP steam section 74, configured to generate high-pressure (HP) steam 76, medium-pressure (IP) steam 78, and low-pressure (LP) steam 80. As shown in the figure, the HP steam section 70 includes an HP drum 71 and an HP economizer 73, the IP steam section 72 includes an IP drum 75 and an IP economizer 77, and the LP steam section 74 includes an LP drum 79 and an LP economizer 81. As shown in the figure, the HRSG 66 includes a duct burner 83 configured to heat the exhaust gas 62 entering the HRSG 66. The duct burner 83 burns fuel with an oxidizer (e.g., oxygen, air, etc.) in the exhaust gas 62, thereby heating the exhaust gas 62 prior to heat recovery from the exhaust gas 62 in the HRSG 66.

[0015] As shown in the figure, the steam turbine system 64 may include an HP steam turbine 82 driven by HP steam 76, an IP steam turbine 84 driven by IP steam 78, and an LP steam turbine 86 driven by LP steam 80. In a particular embodiment, the HP steam turbine 82 receives HP steam 76 from an HP economizer 73, the IP steam turbine 84 receives IP steam 78 from an IP economizer 77, and the LP steam turbine 86 receives LP steam 80 from an LP economizer 81. In addition to the steam provided by the HRSG 66, the HP steam turbine 82 supplies IP steam to the IP steam turbine 84, and the IP steam turbine 84 supplies LP steam to the LP steam turbine 86. During operation, the steam turbine system 64 drives a load 94 (e.g., a generator) via a shaft. In certain embodiments, the steam turbine system 64 and / or HRSG 66 may provide heated water and / or steam (e.g., HP steam 76, IP steam 78 and / or LP steam 80) to the gas processing system 18 to support the attachment and detachment modes of one or more gas capture systems 20. For example, the gas capture system 20 may receive heated water and / or steam in a temperature range of 100-150 degrees Celsius, 110-150 degrees Celsius, 120-150 degrees Celsius, or 130-150 degrees Celsius. The steam turbine system 64 and HRSG 66 may include various piping to support the flow of exhaust gas, steam, water, or other fluids, thereby facilitating waste heat recovery, steam generation, and steam power.

[0016] After HRSG66, the exhaust gas 62 may flow to the EGR system 60 and / or the gas treatment system 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust gas 62 flows through one or more gas capture systems 20 configured to capture undesirable gases. In some embodiments, the gas capture systems 20 may receive air 96 from an additional source (e.g., environment, fan, etc.). For example, when the gas capture system 20 is configured as a direct air capture (DAC) system, the air 96 may be atmospheric air. Undesirable gases from the exhaust gas 62 and / or air 96 include carbon oxides (CO2). X(For example, carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO) X (For example, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur oxides (SO2)) X This may include (for example, sulfur dioxide (SO2)), or any combination thereof. In the following description, CO2 may be used as an example of an undesirable gas, but the gas capture system 20 may be designed to capture any of the aforementioned undesirable gases. For example, the gas capture system 20 includes one or more carbon capture systems 100 (for example, CO2 capture systems).

[0017] In some embodiments, the gas capture system 20 (e.g., the carbon capture system 100) may include an adsorbent-based gas capture system, a solvent-based gas capture system, a cryogenic gas capture system, or any combination thereof, configured to remove and capture undesirable gases. The carbon capture system 100 may include components 102, 104, 106, and 108 configured to enable gas capture of undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the exhaust gas 62, thereby outputting the treated gas 110 and the captured gas 112 (e.g., CO2).

[0018] In certain embodiments, the carbon capture system 100 is an adsorbent-based carbon capture system, and components 102, 104, 106, and / or 108 include a plurality of adsorbent-based carbon capture units (e.g., adsorbents). For example, the adsorbent-based carbon capture units may include temperature swing adsorption (TSA) units or adsorbents that operate sequentially in adsorption, desorption, and cooling modes at various temperatures using temperature swings or temperature changes. In the adsorption mode, the adsorbent is configured to adsorb an undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) onto an adsorbent material at a first temperature. In the desorption mode, the adsorbent is configured to desorb the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the adsorbent material by heating the adsorbent material from a first temperature to a higher second temperature, for example, using a heat source. The heat source may include a heated gas and / or a heated fluid such as a cooled vapor (e.g., cooled steam 119). In the cooling mode, the adsorbent is cooled in preparation for the next adsorption mode.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the carbon capture system 100 is a solvent-based carbon capture system, and components 102, 104, 106, and / or 108 include one or more absorbers, strippers, and associated equipment. For example, an absorber is configured to absorb an undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) into the solvent during an absorption mode (e.g., an absorption stage), thereby passing the treated gas 110 through an exhaust stack and outputting the CO2-rich solvent to a stripper. A stripper is configured to heat the CO2-rich solvent during a desorption mode (e.g., a stripping stage), thereby stripping the undesirable gas (e.g., CO2) from the solvent to produce a captured gas 112 and a CO2-dilute solvent. The stripper may receive heat via a heat source such as a heated gas and / or liquid (e.g., cooled vapor 119). The stripper returns the CO2-dilute solvent to the absorber to repeat the cycle.

[0020] In the illustrated embodiment, the intake heating system 16 receives air 96 (e.g., from the atmosphere, from an air source, etc.). The air 96 may include the atmosphere, compressed air, treated air, or a combination thereof. The intake heating system 16 also receives steam 116 from the energy recovery system 14. The steam 116 may be received from the steam turbine system 64 and / or HRSG 66 (e.g., extracted, withdrawn, or removed). As will be described in more detail herein, the intake heating system 16 puts the air 96 into a heat exchange relationship with the steam 116 to produce heated air 118 and cooled steam 119. The heat exchange relationship may include one or more heat exchangers 121 (e.g., indirect heat exchangers, shell-and-tube heat exchangers, printed circuit heat exchangers, etc.) for indirect heat transfer between the air 96 and the steam 116. In certain embodiments, the heat exchanger 121 may include two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or more heat exchangers arranged in series and / or parallel. For example, each heat exchanger 121 may include an air passage and a steam passage, and the air passage and steam passage are separated from each other (e.g., separated by walls such as tubes or enclosures) while allowing heat transfer. Thus, the heat exchanger 121 indirectly transfers heat from the steam passage to the air passage, thereby heating the air 96 along the air passage to produce heated air 118 and cooling the steam 116 along the steam passage to produce cooled steam 119. In certain embodiments, the heat exchange relationship (e.g., heat exchanger 121) may eliminate a superheat reducer used to cool the steam 116 for use in a gas capture system 20 (e.g., a carbon capture system 100), which removes heat from the steam 116 but does not use that heat for other purposes (e.g., waste heat). As shown in the figure, the intake heating system 16 delivers heated air 118 to the gas turbine system 12 (for example, through the intake port 50) to help, for example, suppress ice formation, control the temperature of the intake air compressed by the compressor 52, and / or control the efficiency of the gas turbine system 12.The intake heating system 16 also sends cooled steam 119 to the carbon capture system 100 to help capture undesirable gases (e.g., CO2). Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the heat exchange relationship (e.g., heat exchanger 121) advantageously brings about thermal integration (e.g., heat transfer) between the intake heating system 16, the energy recovery system 14, and the gas capture system 20 (e.g., the carbon capture system 100), thereby utilizing the heat that would normally be wasted by integrating systems 16, 14, and 20.

[0021] In the illustrated embodiment, the controller 22 is configured to control all aspects of the industrial plant 10. The controller 22 includes one or more processors 120, a memory 122, instructions 124 stored in the memory 122 and executable by the processors 120, and a communication circuit 126 configured to communicate with sensors and various devices of the industrial plant 10. For example, the controller 22 receives sensor feedback from one or more sensors 128 coupled to the gas turbine system 12, the steam turbine system 64, the HRSG 66, and the gas processing system 18 (e.g., the gas capture system 20), and / or additional components of the industrial plant 10, and is configured to control the same devices based on the sensor feedback, operating mode, user input, computer model, or any combination thereof. The sensors 128 may include temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, gas composition sensors, or any combination thereof.

[0022] In the illustrated embodiment, the gas capture system 20 may include one or more sensors 130 communicatively coupled to the controller 22. The one or more sensors 130 may be configured to measure one or more parameters associated with the cooled vapor 119 entering the gas treatment system 18 (e.g., the carbon capture system 100) from the intake heating system 16. In certain embodiments, the one or more sensors 130 may measure the pressure, temperature, flow rate, vapor saturation, or a combination thereof associated with the cooled vapor 119. In certain embodiments, the controller 22 may control parameters associated with the air 96 and / or the vapor 116 sent to the intake heating system 16 in response to changes in one or more estimated parameters of the cooled vapor 119 based on signals received by the controller 22 from the one or more sensors 130.

[0023] Additionally or alternatively, the steam turbine system 64 may include one or more sensors 132 communicatively coupled to the controller 22. The one or more sensors 132 may be configured to measure one or more parameters of the vapor 116 sent to the intake heating system 16. For example, the one or more sensors 132 may measure the pressure, temperature, flow rate, vapor saturation, or any combination thereof of the vapor 116. Additionally or alternatively, the HRSG 66 may include one or more sensors 134 communicatively coupled to the controller 22. The one or more sensors 134 may be configured to measure one or more parameters of the vapor 116 sent to the intake heating system 16. For example, the one or more sensors 134 may measure the pressure, temperature, flow rate, vapor saturation, or any combination thereof of the vapor 116.

[0024] In certain embodiments, the controller 22 may control the heat exchange within the intake air heating system 16, such as by controlling the sensed parameters of the steam 116 supplied to the intake air heating system 16 for heat transfer with the air 96 supplied to the intake air heating system 16, so as to control the temperature of the heated air 118 within a temperature threshold (e.g., upper and lower temperature thresholds) and control the temperature of the cooled steam 119 within a temperature threshold (e.g., upper and lower temperature thresholds). As described above, the upper and lower temperature thresholds of the cooled steam 119 may be 100°C to 150°C, 110°C to 150°C, 120°C to 150°C, or 130°C to 150°C. For example, the controller 22 may selectively control one or more valves of the steam extraction conduit to control the steam extraction position from the steam turbine system 64 and / or the HRSG 66, thereby selectively controlling the characteristics (e.g., temperature, pressure, flow rate, steam saturation, etc.) of the steam 116 supplied to the intake air heating system 16. For example, when low-level heating of the air 96 is required, the controller 22 may selectively open a valve to allow the flow of LP steam from the steam turbine system 64 and / or the HRSG 66, and when medium-level heating of the air 96 is required, the controller 22 may selectively open a valve to allow the flow of IP steam from the steam turbine system 64 and / or the HRSG 66, and / or when high-level heating of the air 96 is required, the controller 22 may selectively open a valve to allow the flow of HP steam from the steam turbine system 64 and / or the HRSG 66.

[0025] Figure 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a steam turbine system 64 having a plurality of tap-off valves 220 (e.g., tap-off valves 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, and 231) to transmit steam 116 to an intake heating system 16. In certain embodiments, the tap-off valves 220 may be actuated via actuators 221 (e.g., actuators 223, 225, 227, 229, 233, and 235) which are communicatively coupled to a controller. In the illustrated embodiment, the steam turbine system 64 includes an HP steam turbine 82, an IP steam turbine 84, and an LP steam turbine 86. As shown, the steam turbine system 64 includes a cross line 154 which is fluid-coupled to the LP steam turbine 86 and the IP steam turbine 84. In the illustrated embodiment, IP steam 78 flows from the IP steam turbine 84 to the LP steam turbine 86 through the cross line 154. As shown in the figure, the crossing line 154 includes a flow line 232 (e.g., a fluid conduit) having a butterfly valve 234, and a bypass line 236 (e.g., a fluid conduit) parallel to the flow line 232.

[0026] In the illustrated embodiment, the steam turbine system 64 also includes lines 237 (e.g., fluid conduits) for transporting steam 116 to and / or from the steam turbine system 64. Lines 237 include an HP inlet line 238 fluid-coupled to the HP inlet portion 240 of the HP steam turbine 82, and an HP outlet line 242 fluid-coupled to the HP outlet portion 244 of the HP steam turbine 82. As shown, lines 237 also include an IP inlet line 246 fluid-coupled to the IP inlet portion 248 of the IP steam turbine 84, and an IP outlet line 250 fluid-coupled to the IP outlet portion 252 of the IP steam turbine 84. The IP inlet line 246 includes a reheater 254, and the IP outlet line 250 includes a first flow control valve 256 and a second flow control valve 258. In certain embodiments, the HP outlet line 242 may be fluid-coupled to the reheater 254 located in the IP inlet line 246.

[0027] As shown in the figure, tap-off valve 220 is located on line 237. Tap-off valve 222 is located upstream of the first flow control valve 256 and the second flow control valve 258 (e.g., steam 116 flowing into the IP steam turbine 84). Tap-off valve 224 is located downstream of the first flow control valve 256 and the second flow control valve 258 (e.g., steam 116 flowing into the IP steam turbine 84). Tap-off valve 226 is located downstream of the reheater 254 (e.g., steam 116 flowing into the IP steam turbine 84). Tap-off valve 228 is located on the HP inlet line 238, and tap-off valve 230 is located on the HP outlet line 242. Tap-off valve 231 is located on the cross line 154.

[0028] In certain embodiments, the controller 22 may selectively control the tap-off valves 220 based on the operating conditions of the operating parameters of the gas turbine system 12. For example, in response to the gas turbine system 12 operating at full load, the controller 22 may extract steam 116 from the cross line 154 via tap-off valve 231 and / or from the IP outlet line 250 via tap-off valves 222, 224. Additionally or alternatively, in response to the gas turbine system 12 operating at partial load, the controller 22 may extract steam 116 from any combination of tap-off valves 220. For example, at partial load, the controller 22 may extract steam 116 from tap-off valves 228 and / or 230. In certain embodiments, when operating under various load conditions, the controller 22 may extract steam 116 from the tap-off valves 220 generally at high-pressure positions during partial load and generally at low-pressure positions during full load, partly due to changes such as waste heat recovery and steam generation. In certain embodiments, the controller 22 may control the butterfly valve 234 and / or tap-off valve 220 to control the pressure of the steam 116. It will be understood that any combination of the tap-off valve 220 can be used to transfer the steam 116 to the intake heating system 16. Furthermore, it will be recognized that the tap-off valve 220 described herein can be used in combination with the intake heating system 16 configuration shown in Figure 1. In certain embodiments, the controller 22 may be configured to control one or more valves to extract steam from any of the steam sections 70, 72, and 74 of the HRSG 66 and any of the steam turbines 82, 84, and 86 of the steam turbine system 64 at an appropriate steam pressure (e.g., IP, LP, and / or HP steam) depending on the operating conditions of the gas turbine system 12 (e.g., starting, full load, partial load, stop, etc.), the temperature threshold of the air temperature, the temperature threshold of the steam supplied to the carbon capture system 100, or any combination thereof, and deliver it to the intake heating system 16.

[0029] Figure 3 is a flowchart of one embodiment of the process 260 for operating the intake heating system 16. Process 260 may be carried out by a computing device or controller (e.g., controller 22) disclosed above with reference to Figures 1 and 2, or any other suitable computing device or controller. Furthermore, the blocks of process 260 may be carried out in the order disclosed herein or in any other suitable order. For example, certain blocks of process 260 may be carried out simultaneously. In addition, in certain embodiments, at least one block of process 260 may be omitted.

[0030] In block 262 of process 260, the intake heating system 16 may receive steam 116 from the HRSG 66, the steam turbine system 64, or a combination thereof in at least one heat exchanger 121 of the intake heating system 16. As described herein, the steam may also be received from the cross line 154 between the LP steam turbine 86 and the IP steam turbine 84, from one or more locations of one or more tap-off valves 220, and / or from the HRSG 66.

[0031] In block 264 of process 260, the intake heating system 16 may receive air 96 in at least one heat exchanger 121. In certain embodiments, the air 96 may be received from an air source (e.g., an air tank, air piping, etc.). As described herein, the air 96 may include ambient (e.g., atmospheric) air, compressed air, filtered air, or a combination thereof.

[0032] In block 266 of process 260, the intake heating system 16 may transfer heat from steam 116 to air 96 to produce heated air 118 and cooled steam 119. In certain embodiments, the intake heating system 16 may use one or more heat exchangers 121 to transfer heat from steam 116 to air 96. In certain embodiments, two or more heat exchangers 121 may be arranged in series with respect to the direction of steam 116 flow. Additionally or alternatively, two or more heat exchangers 121 may be arranged in parallel with respect to the direction of air 96 and steam 116 flow.

[0033] In block 268 of process 260, the intake heating system 16 may also supply cooled steam 119 to the carbon capture system 100. In certain embodiments, cooled steam 119 may be used to sweep one or more containers containing adsorbent material of the carbon capture system 100 (e.g., an adsorbent-based carbon capture system) during the desorption stage, thereby removing undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the adsorbent material. In certain embodiments, cooled steam 119 may be used in a stripper and / or reboiler of the carbon capture system 100 (e.g., a solvent-based carbon capture system), thereby helping to remove undesirable gases (e.g., CO2) from the solvent circulating between the stripper and the absorber of the solvent-based carbon capture system. In certain embodiments, one or more sensors 132 and / or one or more sensors 134 may monitor the pressure, temperature, and / or flow rate of the cooled steam 119 entering the carbon capture system 100 and transmit signals to the controller 22 indicating the monitored pressure, temperature, and / or flow rate of the cooled steam 119.

[0034] In block 270 of process 260, the intake heating system 16 may also send heated air 118 to the intake port 50 of the gas turbine system 12. In certain embodiments, the heated air 118 is sent directly to the gas turbine system 12. In certain embodiments, the intake heating system 16 may heat the air 96 until the temperature of the heated air 118 exceeds a threshold temperature and / or falls within upper and lower temperature thresholds.

[0035] The technical effect of the disclosed embodiment involves using steam from a steam turbine system, HRSG, or a combination thereof to heat air used in a gas turbine system and simultaneously cool steam for use in a carbon capture system. Thus, the disclosed embodiment brings about thermal integration (e.g., heat transfer) between the intake heating system and the carbon capture system via steam, and the intake heating system removes heat from the steam for both heating the air and further cooling the steam to suit the carbon capture system. In this way, the intake heating system (e.g., via one or more heat exchangers) can eliminate steam superheat reducers that would normally be used to reduce the superheating of steam prior to the carbon capture system, such as by releasing heat into the environment (e.g., waste heat). Instead, the intake heating system uses the heat that would normally be wasted to heat the air for the gas turbine system while cooling the steam for the carbon capture system (e.g., a gas treatment system). In this way, the disclosed embodiment eliminates components and costs (e.g., steam superheat reducers) and increases the efficiency of the industrial plant. Additionally or alternatively, partial load performance (e.g., heat consumption) may be improved, and the amount of emissions released into the environment may be reduced. Furthermore, the disclosed embodiments may be implemented in new combined cycle power plants and / or retrofitted to existing combined cycle power plants.

[0036] The subject matter described in detail above may be defined by one or more of the following clauses.

[0037] According to a first embodiment, the system includes an intake heating system having one or more heat exchangers. One or more heat exchangers are fluidly coupled to a steam turbine system, a gas turbine system, a carbon capture system, and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). One or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to receive air. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to put steam in a heat exchange relationship with air to produce heated air and cooled steam. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the cooled steam to the carbon capture system. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the heated air to one or more injection positions in the gas turbine system.

[0038] The system described in the preceding section, wherein one or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the intersection line between the intermediate-pressure steam turbine of the steam turbine system and the low-pressure steam turbine of the steam turbine system.

[0039] The system described in any of the preceding sections, comprising one or more sensors configured to monitor one or more parameters of cooled steam sent to a carbon capture system.

[0040] The system described in any of the preceding sections, wherein the HRSG includes a low-pressure economizer, and the steam turbine system is configured to receive steam from the low-pressure economizer.

[0041] A system according to any of the preceding sections, comprising a controller having memory and a processor, wherein the controller is configured to control one or more actuators to direct steam from a cross line to one or more heat exchangers in response to the gas turbine operating at full load, and to control one or more actuators, or a combination thereof, to direct steam from one or more lines coupled to a high-pressure steam turbine, an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, or a combination thereof in a steam turbine system in response to the gas turbine operating at partial load.

[0042] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein one or more lines include a first inlet line connected to the inlet portion of a high-pressure steam turbine, a first outlet line connected to the outlet portion of a high-pressure steam turbine, a second inlet line connected to the inlet portion of an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, a second outlet line connected to the outlet portion of an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, or a combination thereof.

[0043] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein a first outlet line is configured to transfer steam from a high-pressure steam turbine to a reheater, and a second inlet line is configured to transfer steam from the reheater to a medium-pressure steam turbine.

[0044] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein a first inlet line, a first outlet line, a second inlet line, a second outlet line, or a combination thereof includes one or more valves configured to regulate the flow of steam to one or more heat exchangers, and a controller is configured to selectively actuate one or more of the valves.

[0045] The system as described in any of the preceding sections, wherein one or more heat exchangers are configured to selectively receive steam from a plurality of extraction positions via a plurality of valves controlled by a controller, and the plurality of extraction positions include at least three of the following: the low-pressure section of an HRSG, the intermediate-pressure section of an HRSG, the high-pressure section of an HRSG, a low-pressure steam turbine, an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, a high-pressure steam turbine, an intersection line between steam turbines in a steam turbine system, or any combination thereof.

[0046] According to a second embodiment, the system includes a gas turbine system, a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a steam turbine system, a carbon capture system, and an intake heating system having one or more heat exchangers. One or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the HRSG, the steam turbine system, or a combination thereof. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to receive air. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to put steam in a heat exchange relationship with air to produce heated air and cooled steam. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the cooled steam to the carbon capture system. One or more heat exchangers are also configured to send the heated air to one or more injection positions of the gas turbine system.

[0047] The system described in the preceding section, wherein one or more heat exchangers are configured to receive steam from the intersection line between the intermediate-pressure steam turbine of the steam turbine system and the low-pressure steam turbine of the steam turbine system.

[0048] The system described in any of the preceding sections, comprising one or more sensors configured to monitor one or more parameters of cooled steam sent to a carbon capture system.

[0049] The system described in any of the preceding sections, wherein the steam turbine system includes a low-pressure economizer, and the steam turbine system is configured to receive steam from the low-pressure economizer.

[0050] A system according to any of the preceding sections, comprising a controller having memory and a processor, wherein the controller is configured to control one or more actuators to direct steam from a cross line to one or more heat exchangers in response to the gas turbine being operated at full load, and to control one or more actuators, or a combination of such controls, to direct steam from one or more lines coupled to a high-pressure steam turbine, a medium-pressure steam turbine, or a combination thereof of the steam turbine in response to the gas turbine being operated at partial load.

[0051] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein one or more lines include a first inlet line connected to the inlet portion of a high-pressure steam turbine, a first outlet line connected to the outlet portion of a high-pressure steam turbine, a second inlet line connected to the inlet portion of an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, a second outlet line connected to the outlet portion of an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, or a combination thereof.

[0052] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein a first outlet line is configured to transfer steam from a high-pressure steam turbine to a reheater, and a second inlet line is configured to transfer steam from the reheater to a medium-pressure steam turbine.

[0053] The system according to any of the preceding sections, wherein a first inlet line, a first outlet line, a second inlet line, a second outlet line, or a combination thereof includes one or more valves configured to regulate the flow of steam to one or more heat exchangers, and a controller is configured to selectively actuate one or more of the valves.

[0054] The system as described in any of the preceding sections, wherein one or more heat exchangers are configured to selectively receive steam from a plurality of extraction positions via a plurality of valves controlled by a controller, and the plurality of extraction positions include at least three of the following: the low-pressure section of an HRSG, the intermediate-pressure section of an HRSG, the high-pressure section of an HRSG, a low-pressure steam turbine, an intermediate-pressure steam turbine, a high-pressure steam turbine, an intersection line between steam turbines in a steam turbine system, or any combination thereof.

[0055] According to a third aspect, the method includes receiving steam from a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), a steam turbine system, or a combination thereof in at least one heat exchanger of an intake heating system. The method also includes receiving air into at least one heat exchanger. The method also includes transferring heat from the steam to the air in at least one heat exchanger to produce heated air and cooled steam. The method also includes sending the cooled steam to a carbon capture system. The method also includes sending the heated air to one or more injection positions of a gas turbine system.

[0056] The method according to the preceding section, comprising capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from air and / or exhaust gases from a gas turbine system, wherein the capture is performed using cooled steam during the desorption mode of the carbon capture system.

[0057] This specification uses examples to disclose the invention in its best mode and to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including the fabrication and use of any device or system and the implementation of any method incorporating it. The scope of the invention claimed herein is defined by the appended claims and may include other embodiments not shown herein. [Explanation of symbols]

[0058] 10 Industrial Plants 12 Gas Turbine Systems 14 Energy Recovery Systems 16. Intake Heating System 18 Gas Processing System 20 Gas Capture Systems 22 controllers 36 Rotation axis 40 axes 42 axes 44 axes 50 Intake port 52 Compressor 54 Combustor 56 Turbine 58 load 60 Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System 62 Exhaust gas 64 Steam Turbine System 66. Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) 70 High-Pressure (HP) Steam Section 71 HP Drum 72. Medium-Pressure (IP) Steam Section 73 HP Economizer 74 Low-Pressure (LP) Steam Section 75 IP Drum 76 HP steam 77 IP Economizer 78 IP Steam 79 LP Drums 80 LP gas 81 LP Economizer 82 HP steam turbine 83 Duct Burner 84 IP Steam Turbine 86 LP Steam Turbine 94 load 96 Air 100 Carbon Capture Systems 102 Components 104 Components 106 Components 108 components 110 Processed gas 112 Captured gas 114 Compression System 116 Steam 118 Heated air 119 Cooled steam 120 processors 121 Heat exchanger 122 memory 124 Command 126 Communication Circuit 128 sensors 130 sensors 132 sensors 134 sensors 154 Intersecting Lines 220 Tap-off valve 221 Actuator 222 Tap-off valve 223 Actuator 224 Tap-off valve 225 Actuator 226 Tap-off valve 227 Actuator 228 Tap-off valve 229 Actuator 230 Tap-off valve 231 Tap-off valve 232 Flowline 233 Actuator 234 Butterfly Valve 235 Actuator Route 236 Bypass Line Line 237 238 HP Entrance Line 240 HP entrance part 242 HP Exit Line 244 HP exit part 246 IP Inlet Line 248 IP entrance part 250 IP exit line 252 IP exit part 254 Reheater 256 First flow control valve 258 Second flow control valve

Claims

1. An intake air heating system (16) comprising one or more heat exchangers (121), wherein the one or more heat exchangers (121) The system receives a flow of steam (116) from a heat recovery steam generator (66), a steam turbine system (64), or a combination of the heat recovery steam generator (66) and the steam turbine system (64), Receiving the airflow (96), In order to generate a heated airflow (118) and a cooled steamflow (119), the steamflow (116) is made to exchange heat with the airflow (96), The cooled steam flow (119) is sent to the carbon capture system (100). An intake heating system (16) is configured to deliver the heated airflow (118) to one or more injection positions of the gas turbine system (12).

2. The intake heating system (16) according to claim 1, wherein one or more heat exchangers (121) are configured to receive the flow of steam (116) from the intersection line (154) between the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84) and the low-pressure steam turbine (86) of the steam turbine system (64).

3. An intake air heating system (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising one or more sensors (132) configured to monitor one or more parameters of the cooled vapor flow (119) sent to the carbon capture system (100).

4. A combined cycle system, Gas turbine system (12) and A heat recovery steam generator (66), Steam turbine system (64) and Carbon capture system (100), An intake air heating system (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one or more heat exchangers (121) The flow of steam (116) from the heat recovery steam generator (66) of the combined cycle system, the steam turbine system (64) of the combined cycle system, or a combination of the heat recovery steam generator (66) and the steam turbine system (64) is received. In order to generate a heated airflow (118) and a cooled steamflow (119), the steamflow (116) is placed in a heat exchange relationship with the airflow (96) received by the one or more heat exchangers (121), The cooled vapor flow (119) is sent to the carbon capture system (100) of the combined cycle system. The heated airflow (118) is sent to one or more injection positions of the gas turbine system (12) of the combined cycle system. The intake heating system (16) is further configured as follows: A combined cycle system equipped with these features.

5. The combined cycle system according to claim 4, wherein one or more heat exchangers (121) are fluidly coupled to the gas turbine system (12) of the combined cycle system, the carbon capture system (100) of the combined cycle system, and at least one of the steam turbine system (64) and the heat recovery steam generator (66) of the combined cycle system.

6. The combined cycle system according to any one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the heat recovery steam generator (66) of the combined cycle system comprises a low-pressure economizer (81), and the steam turbine system (64) of the combined cycle system is configured to receive steam from the low-pressure economizer.

7. A composite cycle system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, comprising an intake heating system (16) according to claim 2, wherein a controller (22) having a memory (122) and a processor (120), the controller (22) In response to the gas turbine system (12) operating at full load, one or more actuators (221, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 231) are controlled to direct the flow of steam (116) from the cross line (154) to the one or more heat exchangers (121). In response to the gas turbine (12) operating at partial load, the system controls one or more actuators (221, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 231) to direct the steam (116) flow from one or more lines coupled to the high-pressure steam turbine (82), the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84), or a combination of the high-pressure steam turbine (82) and the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84) of the steam turbine system (64). Alternatively, control is performed using a combination of the above control methods. A composite cycle system comprising a controller (22) configured as follows.

8. One or more of the aforementioned lines are connected to a first inlet line (238) at the inlet portion of the high-pressure steam turbine (82). A first outlet line (242) is connected to the outlet portion of the high-pressure steam turbine (82). A second inlet line (246) is connected to the inlet portion of the aforementioned intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84). A second outlet line (250) is connected to the outlet portion of the aforementioned intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84). Alternatively, a combination of the first inlet line (238), the first outlet line (242), the second inlet line (246), and the second outlet line (250), The composite cycle system according to claim 7, comprising:

9. The combined cycle system according to claim 8, wherein the first outlet line (242) is configured to transfer the flow of steam (116) from the high-pressure steam turbine (82) to the reheater (254), and the second inlet line (246) is configured to transfer the flow of steam (116) from the reheater (254) to the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84).

10. The combined cycle system according to claim 9, wherein the first inlet line (238), the first outlet line (242), the second inlet line (246), the second outlet line (250), or a combination of the first inlet line (238), the first outlet line (242), the second inlet line (246), and the second outlet line (250) comprises one or more valves (256, 258) configured to regulate the flow of steam (116) to one or more heat exchangers (121), and the controller (22) is configured to selectively actuate the one or more valves (256, 258).

11. The one or more heat exchangers (121) are configured to selectively receive the flow of steam (116) from a plurality of extraction positions via a plurality of valves (222, 224, 226, 228, 230) controlled by a controller (22), wherein the plurality of extraction positions are the low-pressure section (74) of the HRSG (66), the intermediate-pressure section (72) of the HRSG (66), the high-pressure section (70) of the HRSG (66), the low-pressure steam turbine (86), and the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (8 4) A combined cycle system according to any one of claims 4 to 10, comprising at least three of the following: a high-pressure steam turbine (82), a crossing line (154) between the steam turbines (82, 84, 86) of the steam turbine system (64), or a combination of the low-pressure section (74), the intermediate-pressure section (72), the high-pressure section (70), the low-pressure steam turbine (86), the intermediate-pressure steam turbine (84), the high-pressure steam turbine (82), and the crossing line (154).

12. Step (262) of receiving the flow of steam (116) from a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) (66), a steam turbine system (64), or a combination of the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) (66) and the steam turbine system (64) in at least one heat exchanger (121) of the intake heating system (16), The steps include receiving the flow of air (96) to at least one heat exchanger (121) (264), Step (266) of transferring heat from the steam (116) flow to the air (96) flow in the at least one heat exchanger (121) in order to generate a heated airflow (118) and a cooled steam flow (119), The steps include sending the cooled vapor flow (119) to the carbon capture system (100) (268), A method (260) comprising the step (270) of sending the heated airflow (118) to one or more injection positions of a gas turbine system (12).

13. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air (96) flow and / or the exhaust gas (62) flow from the gas turbine system (12) ２ The method according to claim 12, comprising the step of capturing, wherein capturing includes using the cooled vapor stream (119) during the desorption mode of the carbon capture system (100).

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