Electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method

Abstract

To provide an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method that can easily and accurately measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of a sample. [Solution] The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device of the present invention comprises: a sample placement section on which a plate-shaped sample that transmits electromagnetic waves is placed; a transmitting antenna that transmits electromagnetic waves toward the sample placed in the sample placement section; a first limiting mechanism that limits the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the transmitting antenna toward the sample; a receiving antenna that receives the electromagnetic waves that have passed through the sample; and an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the incident angle of electromagnetic waves toward the sample and / or the detection angle of electromagnetic waves from the sample by adjusting at least one of the following: the position of the receiving antenna with respect to the sample placement section, the rotational position of the sample placement section about a rotation axis along the incident surface of the sample, and the position of the transmitting antenna with respect to the sample placement section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving device and a measurement method.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, for communication of mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, mobile personal computers, etc., electromagnetic waves in a high-frequency range such as 1 GHz or more and 100 GHz or less are used. Since electromagnetic waves in such a high-frequency range have higher rectilinearity (directivity) compared to those in the low-frequency range, there is a risk that communication may not be performed well in an environment with many obstacles. Therefore, a high-frequency diffusion sheet for diffusing incident electromagnetic waves is used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] The high-frequency diffusion sheet described in Patent Document 1 has a large number of openings (slits) with a width smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves. When electromagnetic waves are reflected by the high-frequency diffusion sheet, they are diffracted by the openings so that the electromagnetic waves are diffused.

[0004] Such a high-frequency diffusion sheet is installed in a suitable environment according to its diffusion characteristics in a state where the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves (the diffusion range of electromagnetic waves, the intensity distribution of electromagnetic waves within the diffusion range, etc.) are grasped. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the diffusion characteristics after manufacturing the high-frequency diffusion sheet. As a method for measuring this diffusion characteristic, as shown in Patent Document 1, a method of installing a receiver for receiving electromagnetic waves and a high-frequency diffusion sheet at predetermined positions and irradiating the electromagnetic waves toward the high-frequency diffusion sheet can be mentioned. Thereby, it is possible to measure whether or not the electromagnetic waves are diffused to the position where the receiver is installed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] However, this method makes it difficult to easily and accurately determine the extent and intensity of electromagnetic wave diffusion. In other words, it is difficult to easily and accurately measure the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and a measurement method that can easily and accurately measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of a sample. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] These objectives are achieved by the present invention as described in (1) to (17) below. (1) A sample installation section on which a plate-shaped sample that reflects electromagnetic waves is installed, A first antenna having the function of transmitting electromagnetic waves toward the sample installed in the sample installation section, A first limiting mechanism for limiting the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna onto the sample, A second antenna having the function of receiving the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample, An electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device comprising an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the incident angle of the electromagnetic waves onto the sample and / or the detection angle of the electromagnetic waves from the sample by adjusting at least one of the following: the position of the first antenna with respect to the sample mounting section, the rotational position of the sample mounting section about the rotation axis along the incident surface of the sample, and the position of the second antenna with respect to the sample mounting section.

[0009] (2) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to (1) above, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a second antenna moving part that moves the second antenna along a circle centered on the rotation axis.

[0010] (3) The first antenna is an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device as described in (1) or (2) above, which is installed on the circle.

[0011] (4) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving apparatus according to any one of (1) to (3) above, further comprising a first fixing mechanism that switches between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample installation section and the second antenna are fixed and a released state in which the fixed state is released.

[0012] (5) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a rotating part that rotates the sample installed in the sample installation part around the rotation axis to adjust the incidence angle or detection angle of the electromagnetic wave.

[0013] (6) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a first antenna moving part that moves the first antenna along a circle centered on the rotation axis.

[0014] (7) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving apparatus according to (6) above, further comprising a second fixing mechanism for switching between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample installation section and the first antenna are fixed and a released state in which the fixed state is released.

[0015] (8) The first limiting mechanism is an electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (7) above, having a lens. (9) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device described in (8) above, wherein the lens is a convex lens.

[0016] (10) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the first limiting mechanism has a diaphragm with an opening through which the electromagnetic waves pass.

[0017] (11) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (10) above, wherein the first limiting mechanism comprises a lens and an aperture through which the electromagnetic waves emitted from the lens pass.

[0018] (12) An electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (11) above, wherein the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is 1 GHz or more and 100 GHz or less.

[0019] (13) The first antenna further has a function of receiving the electromagnetic wave, The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (12) above, wherein the second antenna further has a function of transmitting the electromagnetic wave.

[0020] (14) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to (13) above, comprising a switching unit that switches the transmission and reception functions of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0021] (15) The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to (14) above, further comprising a second limiting mechanism that limits the irradiation range of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the second antenna to the sample.

[0022] (16) A measuring method characterized by measuring the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic wave of the sample using the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to any one of (1) to (15) above.

[0023] (17) A first step of using the first antenna as a transmitting antenna and using the second antenna as a receiving antenna to measure the diffusion characteristics, A second step of using the first antenna as a receiving antenna and using the second antenna as a transmitting antenna to measure the diffusion characteristics, and the measuring method according to (16) above.

Effect of the Invention

[0024] According to the present invention, the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic wave of the sample can be measured easily and accurately.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a view of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from directly above, and (b) is a functional block diagram. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sample installed in the sample installation part shown in FIG. 1. [Figure 3]Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 2. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a side view showing the first antenna shown in Figure 1 and its surrounding surface. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a side view showing the second antenna shown in Figure 1 and its surrounding surface. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an enlarged side view of the rotating body shown in Figure 1. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows the measurement method of the present invention being performed using the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device shown in Figure 1, and is a view of the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device from vertically above. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a plan view of the sample installed in the sample installation section shown in Figure 1, and is intended to illustrate variations in the installation angle. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a plan view of the sample installed in the sample installation section shown in Figure 1, and is a diagram intended to explain variations in the installation angle. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a plan view of the sample installed in the sample installation section shown in Figure 1, and is intended to illustrate variations in the installation angle. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0026] The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on preferred embodiments shown in the attached drawings.

[0027] <First Embodiment> Figure 1 shows (a) a view of an electromagnetic wave transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention from vertically above, and (b) a functional block diagram. Figure 2 is a plan view of a sample installed in the sample installation section shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a side view showing the first antenna and its peripheral surface as shown in Figure 1. Figure 5 is a side view showing the second antenna and its peripheral surface as shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 is an enlarged side view of the rotating body shown in Figure 1. Figure 7 is a diagram showing the measurement method of the present invention being performed using the electromagnetic wave transceiver shown in Figure 1, and is a view of the electromagnetic wave transceiver from vertically above. Figures 8 to 10 are plan views of a sample installed in the sample installation section shown in Figure 1, and are diagrams for explaining variations in the installation angle.

[0028] The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method of the present invention will be described in detail below based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 shown in Figure 1(a) is used to perform the measurement method of the present invention and comprises a sample mounting section 2, a first antenna 3, a first limiting mechanism 4, a second antenna 5, a second limiting mechanism 6, and a support member 7. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 is used to measure the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves of a sample 100, that is, the extent to which electromagnetic waves are diffused after being reflected by the sample 100, and the intensity distribution of the diffusion.

[0030] The electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 is installed and used on a mounting surface 200 (see Figures 4 to 6) that is aligned horizontally. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and the mounting surface 200 may be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. Alternatively, for example, only the sample mounting section 2 and the rotating body 73, which will be described later, may be installed and used on the mounting surface 200 (in this case, for example, the upper surface of the vibration isolation table). This allows for easy and accurate movement of the transmitting antenna 3 and the receiving antenna 5.

[0031] The following describes the various parts of the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1, but before that, we will describe sample 100.

[0032] (Sample 100) Sample 100 is a plate-shaped object to be measured that reflects electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves are high-frequency, preferably between 1 GHz and 100 GHz.

[0033] The sample 100 shown in Figure 2 is composed of a high-frequency diffusion sheet with an overall plate-like shape. In this specification, "plate-like" includes not only rigid materials but also flexible sheets such as films.

[0034] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, sample 100 is used to diffuse electromagnetic waves in the high-frequency range and is composed of a laminate comprising an electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 having electromagnetic wave shielding properties, an electromagnetic wave reflecting layer 104 laminated on the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 and having electromagnetic wave reflecting properties, and a resin sheet 103 supporting the electromagnetic wave reflecting layer 104. The electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 is patterned in a plan view of sample 100 (laminated) and has openings 102 that penetrate in the thickness direction of the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101.

[0035] In sample 100, the electromagnetic wave reflective layer 104, the resin sheet 103, and the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 are stacked in this order from the bottom in Figure 3.

[0036] The electromagnetic wave reflective layer 104 has a layered shape with no openings or the like, and its entire region has the function of reflecting electromagnetic waves. As a result, in the arrangement shown in Figure 3, electromagnetic waves incident on the sample 100 from above can be effectively suppressed or prevented from passing through to the bottom of the sample 100, while being predominantly reflected to the top of the sample 100.

[0037] The electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 has openings 102 that penetrate in the thickness direction, and its overall shape is layered, laminated on the upper side of the resin sheet 103 in Figure 3. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 has electromagnetic wave shielding properties that suppress or shield electromagnetic wave transmission in areas where the openings 102 are not formed, and has the function of allowing electromagnetic wave transmission in areas where the openings 102 are formed.

[0038] The electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 is not particularly limited and may take any form, and may shield electromagnetic waves in areas where the opening 102 is not formed. For example, it may consist of a reflective layer that reflects electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 and an absorbing layer that absorbs electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101. Among these, the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 is preferably a reflective layer. This makes it possible to shield electromagnetic waves incident on the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 more effectively.

[0039] Furthermore, as described above, the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 may shield the incident electromagnetic waves by either reflecting or absorbing them.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3, the opening 102 is a through-hole that penetrates the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 in the thickness direction.

[0041] By providing such an opening 102, for example, in the arrangement shown in Figure 3, if electromagnetic waves (plane wave WA) in the high-frequency range (frequency: approximately 1 GHz to 100 GHz) are incident on the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 from above the sample 100, the electromagnetic waves will be reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflection layer 104 through this opening 102. Then, as these reflected electromagnetic waves pass through the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 upwards, they diffract at this opening 102 and diffuse upwards on the sample 100. Therefore, when receiving electromagnetic waves by communication equipment inside a building, if the sample 100 is attached to a wall or other part of the building that has a transmission area where electromagnetic wave transmission is permitted, such as a window, the electromagnetic waves will not collide with and be absorbed by the wall or other part, but will be diffused by the sample 100, thus providing another opportunity for the electromagnetic waves to pass through the transmission area. Furthermore, by attaching sample 100 to curtains or other surfaces inside a building, the sample 100 can diffuse electromagnetic waves over a wider area. As a result, communication equipment can receive high-frequency electromagnetic waves effectively over a wide area within the building.

[0042] The number of openings 102 in the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101 is not limited, but in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, they are arranged in 10 rows at equal intervals along the X direction (the short side of the openings 102).

[0043] Furthermore, the distance D between adjacent openings 102 in the X direction is the same. In this embodiment, each opening 102 is elongated, or rectangular, extending linearly along the Y direction (the longitudinal direction of the opening 102), and has the same length and width W.

[0044] By arranging and shaping each of the openings 102 in this manner, electromagnetic waves in the high-frequency range can be uniformly diffracted by each opening 102 in the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101.

[0045] The openings 102 are rectangular, or linear, in plan view, but are not limited to this, as long as the width W is set to be smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. Other shapes of the openings 102 include, for example, circular, S-shaped, U-shaped, semicircular, shapes with curved parts such as wavy, and shapes with corners such as V-shaped, X-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped, T-shaped, W-shaped, and U-shaped. Furthermore, when the shape of the opening 102 is circular in plan view, the diameter D of the circle corresponds to the width W when the shape of the opening 102 is rectangular. In addition, the shortest distance between adjacent circles is treated in the same way as the distance D between adjacent openings 102 in the X direction when the shape of the opening 102 is rectangular.

[0046] Furthermore, although this embodiment describes a case where the openings 102 have the same shape and are formed at equal intervals in the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101, it is not limited to this, and each opening 102 may have a different shape from the others, or may be randomly arranged in the electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101. Also, the openings 102 are not limited to cases where there are multiple electromagnetic wave shielding layers 101, but are sufficient if there is at least one electromagnetic wave shielding layer 101.

[0047] Although a configuration with an aperture 102 was described as an example of sample 100, other configurations are also acceptable as long as they reflect electromagnetic waves.

[0048] Such a sample 100 is placed in the sample placement section 2, and the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics are measured in that placement state.

[0049] (Sample placement section 2) As shown in Figures 1 and 6, the sample mounting section 2 is where a plate-shaped sample 100 that reflects electromagnetic waves is mounted. The sample mounting section 2 has the function of holding the sample 100 at a predetermined height distance from the mounting surface 200, and includes a vertically extending support column 21 and a fixing part 22 provided at the upper end of the support column 21.

[0050] The support column 21 is made up of a cylindrical member. The lower end of the support column 21 is fixed to the rotating body 73, which will be described later.

[0051] The support column 21 may, for example, have a double-cylinder structure. In this case, the length of the support column 21 may be adjustable by sliding the inner and outer cylinders. This allows the height of the sample 100 from the installation surface 200 to be adjusted.

[0052] The fixing part 22 has fixing means for fixing the sample 100. Examples of fixing means include claws that clamp the edges of the sample 100 from both sides, and configurations that fix the sample 100 by magnetic force, adhesive force, etc.

[0053] The fixing part 22 can rotate and fix the sample 100 within its own plane, for example, as shown in Figures 8 to 10. In this case, it is preferable that the center of rotation is at the same height from the mounting surface 200 as the center position of the transmitting antenna 3, which will be described later. However, these heights may be different.

[0054] Alternatively, the sample 100 may be fixed to a frame-shaped or plate-shaped member, and then the fixing part 22 may hold the frame-shaped or plate-shaped member.

[0055] (First antenna 3) The first antenna 3 has the function of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. The first antenna 3 has at least one antenna element, and the antenna element is arranged in a desired array. The first antenna 3 is connected to the network analyzer 8 (described later) via a cable. In the first state (described later), it transmits electromagnetic waves output from the network analyzer 8 toward the sample 100 installed in the sample installation unit 2. In the second state (described later), it receives electromagnetic waves. Information regarding the intensity of the received electromagnetic waves is output to the network analyzer 8 as an electrical signal.

[0056] The antenna element is preferably one with high directivity and radiation efficiency. A horn antenna is an example of such an antenna element. The antenna element may have a connector for connecting to a cable. Having a connector makes it easy to connect to the network analyzer 8.

[0057] The frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first antenna 3 is preferably between 1 GHz and 100 GHz, and more preferably between 2 GHz and 95 GHz. Since high frequencies within the above numerical range are widely used in communications for mobile phones, smartphones, tablets, mobile computers, etc., the effects of the present invention can be more broadly enjoyed by measuring the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves within the above numerical range.

[0058] Furthermore, it is preferable that the frequency of the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the second antenna 5, which will be described later, is the same as described above.

[0059] The first antenna 3 is supported by the first antenna support member 71 of the support member 7, which will be described later (see Figure 4), and in this embodiment, it is supported so that electromagnetic waves are incident on the sample 100 from the direction normal to the sample 100.

[0060] (Second antenna 5) The second antenna 5 has the function of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. The second antenna 5 has at least one antenna element, and the antenna element is arranged in a desired array. The second antenna 5 is connected to the network analyzer 8 (described later) via a cable. In the second state (described later), it transmits electromagnetic waves output from the network analyzer 8 toward the sample 100 installed in the sample installation unit 2, and in the first state (described later), it receives electromagnetic waves. Information regarding the intensity of the received electromagnetic waves is output to the network analyzer 8 as an electrical signal. Information regarding the intensity of the electromagnetic waves received by the second antenna 5 is output to the network analyzer 8 as an electrical signal.

[0061] The antenna element is preferably one with high directivity and radiation efficiency. A horn antenna is an example of such an antenna element. The antenna element may have a connector for connecting to a cable. Having a connector makes it easy to connect to the network analyzer 8.

[0062] The second antenna 5 is supported by the second antenna support member 72 of the support member 7, which will be described later (see Figure 5), and receives electromagnetic waves transmitted by the first antenna 3 and reflected by the sample 100.

[0063] (1st limited mechanism 4) As shown in Figure 4, the first limiting mechanism 4 has the function of limiting the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna 3 onto the sample 100. The first limiting mechanism 4 includes a lens 41, an aperture 42, and a position adjustment mechanism 43. By providing such a first limiting mechanism 4, it is possible to prevent the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna 3 from diffusing into the surroundings, and the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of the sample 100 can be measured more accurately.

[0064] As shown in Figure 1, the lens 41 is positioned between the first antenna 3 and the sample mounting section 2. The lens 41 is made of, for example, a dielectric lens, and in this embodiment, it is a convex lens. This allows for efficient conversion of electromagnetic waves (e.g., spherical waves) transmitted from the first antenna 3 into plane waves.

[0065] For example, the constituent material of the lens 41 can be a resin material with relatively low dielectric loss, such as high-density polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, or various ceramics.

[0066] The lens 41 may have a through hole 432 provided at its edge, as described later. This allows for position adjustment and easy replacement with convex lenses of different curvatures. This makes it possible to change the area of ​​electromagnetic wave irradiation on the sample 100. Convex lenses of different curvatures can be manufactured using machining, compression molding, injection molding, or a 3D printer. In particular, using a 3D printer allows for the inexpensive, rapid, and accurate production of lenses 41 with various conditions.

[0067] The aperture 42 is positioned between the lens 41 and the sample mounting section 2. The aperture 42 is composed of a ring-shaped member having an opening 421.

[0068] As described later, the aperture 42 may have through holes 433 provided on its edge. This allows for easy position adjustment and easy replacement with apertures of different diameters and shapes.

[0069] The constituent material of the aperture 42 is not particularly limited, but resin materials with excellent machinability such as phenolic resin, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, and polyoxymethylene can be used. The aperture 42 allows electromagnetic waves to pass through only the opening 421. This makes it possible to more effectively limit the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves onto the sample 100 in the first state described later. Furthermore, in the second state described later, it is possible to more effectively prevent the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 from being unintentionally diffused.

[0070] The aperture 42 may be positioned between the first antenna 3 and the lens 41. Furthermore, at least one of the lens 41 and the aperture 42 may be omitted.

[0071] As shown in Figure 4, the position adjustment mechanism 43 adjusts at least one (both in the illustrated configuration) of the distance between the first antenna 3 and the lens 41 and the distance between the lens 41 and the aperture 42.

[0072] The position adjustment mechanism 43 includes a plurality of slide bars 431 fixed to the first antenna 3, a through hole 432 provided on the edge of the lens 41, and a through hole 433 provided on the edge of the aperture 42. The slide bars 431 are inserted through the through holes 432 and 433, and the lens 41 and aperture 42 are configured to slide along the slide bars 431. This allows the separation distance between the first antenna 3 and the lens 41 and the separation distance between the lens 41 and the aperture 42 to be adjusted, enabling more accurate measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 under various conditions.

[0073] In the first limiting mechanism 4, either the lens 41 or the aperture 42 may be omitted, but it is preferable that the first limiting mechanism 4 has a lens. This prevents the electromagnetic waves from being unintentionally diffused before reaching the sample 100, and allows for more accurate measurement of the diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0074] Lens 41 is preferably a convex lens. This allows for efficient conversion of electromagnetic waves (e.g., spherical waves) transmitted from the first antenna 3 into plane waves.

[0075] Furthermore, the first limiting mechanism 4 preferably has an aperture 42 with an opening 421 through which electromagnetic waves pass. This makes it possible to more effectively limit the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves onto the sample 100.

[0076] Furthermore, the first limiting mechanism 4 preferably includes a lens 41 and an aperture 42 having an opening 421 through which electromagnetic waves emitted from the lens 41 pass. This allows the effects of both the lens 41 and the aperture 42 to be enjoyed. In other words, it is possible to more effectively limit the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves onto the sample 100 while preventing the electromagnetic waves from being unintentionally diffused before reaching the sample 100. In addition, these synergistic effects allow for more accurate measurement of the diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0077] (2nd limited mechanism 6) As shown in Figure 5, the second limiting mechanism 6 has the function of limiting the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 to the second antenna 5. The second limiting mechanism 6 includes a lens 61, an aperture 62, and a position adjustment mechanism 63. By providing such a second limiting mechanism 6, it is possible to more effectively prevent the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 from being unintentionally diffused in the first state described later, and to measure the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of the sample 100 more accurately. Furthermore, in the second state described later, it is possible to more effectively limit the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves transmitted from the second antenna 5 to the sample 100.

[0078] As shown in Figure 1, the lens 61 is positioned between the sample mounting section 2 and the second antenna 5. The lens 61 is made of, for example, a dielectric lens, and in this embodiment, it is a convex lens. This focuses the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100, allowing the second antenna 5 to efficiently receive the electromagnetic waves.

[0079] Lens 61 can be the same as lens 41 as described above. Lens 41 and lens 61 may be made of the same material or different material. Also, the planar dimensions of lenses 41 and lens 61 may be the same or different. Furthermore, the average thickness of lenses 41 and lens 61 may be the same or different.

[0080] The aperture 62 can be the same as the aperture 42 described above. The opening 621 of aperture 62 and the opening 421 of aperture 42 may be the same size or they may be different sizes.

[0081] The aperture 62 may be positioned between the second antenna 5 and the lens 61. Furthermore, at least one of the lens 61 and the aperture 62 may be omitted.

[0082] As shown in Figure 5, the position adjustment mechanism 63 adjusts at least one (both in the illustrated configuration) of the distance between the second antenna 5 and the lens 61 and the distance between the lens 61 and the aperture 62.

[0083] The position adjustment mechanism 63 includes a plurality of slide bars 631 fixed to the second antenna 5, a through hole 632 provided on the edge of the lens 61, and a through hole 633 provided on the edge of the aperture 62. The slide bars 631 are inserted through the through holes 632 and 633, and the lens 61 and aperture 62 are configured to slide along the slide bars 631. This allows the separation distance between the second antenna 5 and the lens 61 and the separation distance between the lens 61 and the aperture 62 to be adjusted, enabling more accurate measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 under various conditions.

[0084] Thus, it is preferable that the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 further includes a second limiting mechanism 6 that limits the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the second antenna 5 onto the sample 100. This makes it possible to more effectively prevent the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 from being unintentionally diffused, and to measure the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of the sample 100 more accurately.

[0085] In the second limiting mechanism 6, either the lens 61 or the aperture 62 may be omitted, but it is preferable that the second limiting mechanism 6 has the lens 61. This makes it possible to more effectively prevent electromagnetic waves from being unintentionally diffused before reaching the second antenna 5, and to measure the diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 more accurately.

[0086] Lens 61 is preferably a convex lens. This allows the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 to be focused, enabling the second antenna 5 to efficiently receive the electromagnetic waves.

[0087] Furthermore, the second limiting mechanism 6 preferably has an aperture 62 with an opening 621 through which electromagnetic waves pass. This allows for more effective limiting of the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves to the second antenna 5 in the first state, and more effective limiting of the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves to the sample 100 in the second state.

[0088] Furthermore, the second limiting mechanism 6 preferably includes a lens 61 and an aperture 62 with an aperture 621. This allows the effects of both the lens 61 and the aperture 62 to be enjoyed. In other words, it is possible to more effectively limit the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves to the second antenna 5 while preventing the electromagnetic waves from being unintentionally diffused before reaching the second antenna 5. In addition, these synergistic effects allow for more accurate measurement of the diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0089] (Support member 7) As shown in Figures 1, 4 to 6, the support member 7 includes a first antenna support member 71 that supports the first antenna 3, a second antenna support member 72 that supports the second antenna 5, and a rotating body 73.

[0090] The first antenna support member 71 includes a support column 711 and a connecting portion 712 that connects the support column 711 and the rotating body 73.

[0091] The support column 711 is composed of a long member extending in the vertical direction and holds the first antenna 3 at a predetermined height distance from the installation surface 200. The first antenna 3 is fixed to the upper end of the support column 711, and the lower end of the support column 711 is fixed to the left end of the connecting part 712 in Figure 4, that is, the left end of the sliding member 714 in Figure 4, which will be described later.

[0092] The support column 711 may also be fixed to a part of the slide member 714 other than the left end in Figure 4, for example, to the central part of the slide member 714.

[0093] Furthermore, the support column 711 may have, for example, a double-cylinder structure. In this case, the length of the support column 711 may be adjustable by sliding the inner and outer cylinders. This allows the height of the first antenna 3 from the mounting surface 200 to be adjusted.

[0094] The connecting portion 712 includes an elongated rail member 713 and an elongated slide member 714. The right end of the rail member 713 in Figure 6 is fixed to the rotating body 73. The slide member 714 is configured to slide relative to the rail member 713 in its longitudinal direction. This connecting portion 712 allows for adjustment of the distance between the first antenna 3 and the sample 100.

[0095] The second antenna support member 72 includes a support column 721 and a connecting portion 722 that connects the support column 721 and the rotating body 73.

[0096] The support column 721 is composed of a long member extending in the vertical direction and holds the second antenna 5 at a predetermined height distance from the installation surface 200. The second antenna 5 is fixed to the upper end of the support column 721, and the lower end of the support column 721 is fixed to the right end of the connecting part 722 in Figure 5, that is, to the right end of the sliding member 724 in Figure 5, which will be described later.

[0097] The support column 721 may, for example, have a double-cylinder structure. In this case, the length of the support column 721 may be adjustable by sliding the inner and outer cylinders. This allows the height of the second antenna 5 from the mounting surface 200 to be adjusted.

[0098] The connecting portion 722 includes a rail member 723 and a sliding member 724. The left end of the rail member 723 in Figure 6 is fixed to the rotating body 73. The sliding member 724 is configured to slide relative to the rail member 723 in its longitudinal direction. A support column 721 is fixed to the right end of the sliding member 724 in Figure 5. This connecting portion 722 allows for adjustment of the distance between the second antenna 5 and the sample 100.

[0099] The support column 721 may also be fixed to a part of the slide member 724 other than the right end in Figure 5, for example, to the central part of the slide member 724.

[0100] As shown in Figure 6, the rotating body 73 has a disc-shaped first member 731 and a second member 732, which are stacked vertically with their respective centers aligned. The first member 731 and the second member 732 are arranged in this order from the installation surface 200 side. The first member 731 and the second member 732 are connected by a shaft (not shown) so as to rotate relative to each other around the rotation axis J.

[0101] The rotation axis J coincides with the central axis of the support column 21 of the sample mounting section 2 and is positioned to pass through the sample 100 installed in the sample mounting section 2.

[0102] The right end of the rail member 723 of the connecting section 722 (as shown in Figure 6) is fixed to the first member 731, and the left end of the rail member 713 of the connecting section 712 (as shown in Figure 6) is fixed to the second member 732. The lower end of the support column 21 is also fixed to the shaft. This shaft, the first member 731, and the second member 732 can rotate independently of each other.

[0103] (Second antenna moving section 10A) When the first member 731 is rotated relative to the second member 732, the second antenna 5, which is fixed to the first member 731, rotates along a circle C centered on the rotation axis J relative to the sample mounting section 2, as shown in Figure 1. This allows the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2 to be adjusted, and the detection angle θB of the electromagnetic waves from the sample 100 to be adjusted. In other words, in the first state, in this embodiment, the rotating body 73 adjusts the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2 to adjust the detection angle θB of the electromagnetic waves from the sample 100, and in the second state, the rotating body 73 functions as an adjustment mechanism 1A that adjusts the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2 to adjust the incidence angle θA of the electromagnetic waves to the sample 100.

[0104] In this configuration, the rotating body 73 is a second antenna moving part 10A that moves the second antenna 5 along a circle C centered on the rotation axis J. In other words, the adjustment mechanism 1A can be said to have a second antenna moving part 10A.

[0105] Although the second antenna 5 is designed to rotate 360°, its actual range of motion is limited due to interference with the first antenna 3.

[0106] Thus, the adjustment mechanism 1A has a second antenna moving part 10A (rotating body 73) that moves the second antenna 5 along a circle C centered on the rotation axis J. This allows the second antenna 5 to be moved precisely along circle C, making it easier and more accurate to measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0107] The incident angle θA refers to the angle between the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the first antenna 3 (the line segment L' connecting the axis of rotation J as viewed from the vertical and the center S' of the first antenna 3) and the main surface (incident surface) of the sample 100 on the side of the first antenna 3. In the configuration shown in Figure 1, the incident angle θA is 90°.

[0108] Furthermore, the detection angle θB refers to the angle between the line segment L connecting the rotation axis J (viewed from the vertical) and the center S of the second antenna 5, and the main surface (emitting surface) of the sample 100 on the side of the second antenna 5. By adjusting the position (rotation position) of the second antenna 5 around the rotation axis J to change the detection angle θB, and measuring the intensity of electromagnetic waves at various detection angles θB, the diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 can be measured.

[0109] Having such an adjustment mechanism 1A allows the position of the second antenna 5 (rotational position around the rotation axis J) to be precisely moved and adjusted in an arc relative to the sample 100, enabling accurate measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 at various detection angles θB. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the presence of the first limiting mechanism 4 effectively limits the irradiation range of electromagnetic waves from the first antenna 3, preventing unintended electromagnetic wave diffusion. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics can be accurately measured without using large-scale equipment such as conventionally used anechoic chambers.

[0110] (1st fixing mechanism 20A) Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, the adjustment mechanism 1A further includes a first fixing mechanism 20A that switches between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample mounting section 2 and the second antenna 5 are fixed, and a released state in which the fixed state is released. The first fixing mechanism 20A consists of a screw hole 201 provided in the first member 731 and a screw 202 that is screwed into the screw hole 201. By tightening the screw 202 inserted into the screw hole 201, the tip of the screw 202 is pressed against the shaft of a rotating body 73 (not shown), preventing the rotation of the rotating body 73. This fixes the positions of the sample mounting section 2 and the second antenna 5, creating a fixed state.

[0111] On the other hand, by loosening the screw 202 inserted into the screw hole 201, the pressure on the tip of the screw 202 is released, and the fixed state is released. In this released state, the second antenna 5 can be moved as described above.

[0112] Thus, the adjustment mechanism 1A further includes a first fixing mechanism 20A that switches between a fixed state in which the position of the sample mounting section 2 and the second antenna 5 is fixed, and a released state in which the fixed state is released. This allows the second antenna 5 to be moved in the released state, and by fixing it after moving, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics can be measured stably. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 can be measured more accurately.

[0113] (First antenna moving section 10B) As shown in Figure 7, the adjustment mechanism 1A has a first antenna moving part 10B that moves the first antenna 3 along a circle C centered on the rotation axis J. The first antenna moving part 10B is composed of a rotating body 73. In this embodiment, the sample mounting part 2 is fixed to a shaft (not shown), and the first member 731 and the second member 732 shown in Figure 6 are each configured to be rotatable around the rotation axis J relative to the shaft.

[0114] When the second member 732 is rotated relative to the first member 731, the first antenna 3 rotates around the rotation axis J relative to the sample mounting section 2. This allows the position of the first antenna 3 relative to the sample mounting section 2 to be adjusted, and in the first state, the incidence angle θA of electromagnetic waves to the sample 100 can be adjusted. In the second state, the detection angle θB can be adjusted.

[0115] Although the first antenna 3 is mechanically configured to rotate 360°, its actual range of motion is limited due to interference with the second antenna 5.

[0116] Thus, in this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 1A has a first antenna moving part 10B that moves the first antenna 3 along a circle C centered on the rotation axis J. This allows the first antenna 3 to be moved precisely along the circle C, making it possible to measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 more easily, accurately, and in a wider variety of ways.

[0117] Furthermore, the first antenna 3 is positioned on circle C. This allows the first antenna 3 to move along circle C centered on the rotation axis J, and the distance between the first antenna 3 and the sample 100 can be kept constant at any position. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 can be accurately measured.

[0118] (Second fixing mechanism 20B) Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, the adjustment mechanism 1A further includes a second fixing mechanism 20B that switches between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample mounting section 2 and the first antenna 3 are fixed, and a released state in which the fixed state is released. The second fixing mechanism 20B consists of a screw hole 203 provided in the second member 732 and a screw 204 that is screwed into the screw hole 203. By tightening the screw 204 inserted into the screw hole 203, the tip of the screw 204 is pressed against the shaft of a rotating body 73 (not shown), preventing the rotation of the rotating body 73. This fixes the positions of the sample mounting section 2 and the first antenna 3, creating a fixed state.

[0119] On the other hand, by loosening the screw 204 inserted into the screw hole 203, the pressure on the tip of the screw 204 is released, and the fixed state is released. In this released state, the first antenna 3 can be moved as described above.

[0120] Thus, in this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 1A further includes a second fixing mechanism 20B that switches between a fixed state in which the position of the sample mounting section 2 and the first antenna 3 is fixed, and a released state in which the fixed state is released. This allows the first antenna 3 to be moved in the released state, and by fixing it after moving, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics can be measured stably. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 can be measured more accurately and in a wider variety of ways.

[0121] (Rotation of sample mounting section 2) Furthermore, as mentioned above, the sample mounting section 2 is fixed to a shaft (not shown), and the sample mounting section 2 can rotate independently of the first member 731 and the second member 732. That is, the adjustment mechanism 1A includes a rotating body 73 as a rotating part that rotates the sample 100 placed on the sample mounting section 2 around the rotation axis J to adjust the incidence angle θA or detection angle θB of the electromagnetic wave. This allows the incidence angle θA or detection angle θB to be adjusted, enabling more accurate and versatile measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0122] In particular, depending on the first or second state, the incident angle θA can be set to 90° by aligning the antenna that transmits electromagnetic waves (either the first antenna 3 or the second antenna 5) directly with the antenna that transmits the electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, by adjusting the incident angle θA, the diffusion characteristics in oblique incidence can be measured.

[0123] Thus, in this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 1A includes a rotating body 73 that rotates the sample 100 placed in the sample mounting section 2 around the rotation axis J to adjust the incident angle θA or detection angle θB of the electromagnetic wave. This allows the incident angle θA or detection angle θB to be adjusted, enabling more accurate and versatile measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0124] As described above, the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 includes a sample mounting section 2 on which a plate-shaped sample 100 that reflects electromagnetic waves is installed, a first antenna 3 that transmits electromagnetic waves toward the sample 100 installed in the sample mounting section 2, a first limiting mechanism that limits the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna 3 toward the sample 100, a second antenna 5 that receives the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100, and an adjustment mechanism 1A that adjusts the incident angle θA of the electromagnetic waves toward the sample 100 and / or the detection angle θB of the electromagnetic waves from the sample 100 by adjusting at least one of the following: the position of the first antenna 3 relative to the sample mounting section 2, the rotational position of the sample mounting section 2 around the rotation axis J along the incident plane of the sample 100, and the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2. This makes it possible to easily and accurately measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0125] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 1A was configured to adjust the position of the first antenna 3 relative to the sample mounting section 2, the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2, and the rotational position of the sample mounting section 2 around the rotation axis J along the incident surface of the sample 100. However, the effects of the present invention can be obtained by configuring the mechanism to adjust at least one of these.

[0126] Furthermore, the first antenna 3 has the function of receiving electromagnetic waves, and the second antenna 5 has the function of transmitting electromagnetic waves. As a result, as will be described later, the first antenna 3 can be used as a receiving antenna and the second antenna 5 can be used as a transmitting antenna. Therefore, the detection angle θB can be set over a wider range, and the incident angle θA can be set over a wider range. As a result, the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be measured over a wider range.

[0127] (Measurement method) Next, an example of a measurement method using the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 and the network analyzer 8 will be described. Note that instead of the network analyzer 8, a device combining a function generator, spectrum analyzer, power meter, etc., as appropriate may be used.

[0128] (Network Analyzer 8) As shown in Figures 1(b) and 7, the network analyzer 8 includes a generation unit 81 that generates electromagnetic waves, an output terminal 82 that outputs electromagnetic waves, an input terminal 83 into which electromagnetic waves are input, an analysis unit 84 that analyzes and generates diffusion characteristic data, and a switching unit 85. The network analyzer 8 may also have a display unit, a storage unit, an output unit that outputs analysis data to an external computer, etc., as needed. The network analyzer 8 may be a scalar network analyzer or a vector network analyzer.

[0129] The output terminal 82 is connected to the first antenna 3 via a cable. The input terminal 83 is connected to the second antenna 5 via a cable. Based on information such as the frequency and amplitude of the electromagnetic waves received by the second antenna 5, the analysis unit 84 analyzes and generates data on the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves.

[0130] The switching unit 85 has the function of switching the transmission and reception functions of the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 5. That is, the switching unit 85 switches between a first state in which the first antenna 3 transmits electromagnetic waves and the second antenna 5 acquires information on the received electromagnetic waves, and a second state in which the second antenna 5 transmits electromagnetic waves and the first antenna 3 acquires information on the received electromagnetic waves.

[0131] As described later, in the first state, the first antenna 3 is used as a transmitting antenna (output terminal 82 functions as an output terminal), and the second antenna 5 is used as a receiving antenna to measure the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of the sample 100 (input terminal 83 functions as an input terminal). In the second state, the first antenna 3 is used as a receiving antenna (output terminal 82 functions as an input terminal), and the second antenna 5 is used as a transmitting antenna (input terminal 83 functions as an output terminal) to measure the diffusion characteristics. As a result, as described later, the detection angle θB can be set over a wider range, and the incident angle θA can be set over a wider range. Therefore, the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be measured over a wider range.

[0132] The network analyzer 8 may also be considered a component of the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1.

[0133] Thus, the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 includes a switching unit 85 that switches the transmission and reception functions of the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 5. As a result, as will be described later, the detection angle θB can be set over a wider range, and the incident angle θA can be set over a wider range. Therefore, the diffusion characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be measured over a wider range.

[0134] Below, an example of a measurement method using the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 will be explained with reference to Figures 1 and 7.

[0135] (Step 1) First, prepare the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 shown in Figure 1, and place the sample 100 in the sample placement section 2. The first fixing mechanism 20A is set to a fixed state, and the incident angle θA is fixed at 90°. On the other hand, the second fixing mechanism 20B is released, and the position of the second antenna 5 is manipulated to set the detection angle θB to a desired angle.

[0136] Next, the network analyzer 8 is operated to enter the first state. The first state is a state in which the first antenna 3 can transmit electromagnetic waves and the second antenna 5 can acquire information about the received electromagnetic waves.

[0137] Then, electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the first antenna 3. The electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna 3 have their irradiation range limited by the first limiting mechanism 4 and are incident on the sample 100 in the sample placement section 2. A portion of the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 have their irradiation range limited by the second limiting mechanism 6 and are incident on the second antenna 5. The second antenna 5 then detects the intensity of the electromagnetic waves it has received.

[0138] In this state, the network analyzer 8 changes the position of the second antenna 5 as shown in Figure 1, and stores the position and intensity of electromagnetic waves received at each location. This allows the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of sample 100 to be measured. In particular, the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of sample 100 can be measured in the region below and to the right of sample 100 in Figure 1.

[0139] (Step 2) Next, the network analyzer 8 is operated to enter the second state. The second state is a state in which the second antenna 5 transmits electromagnetic waves and the first antenna 3 receives information about the electromagnetic waves. At this time, the sample mounting unit 2 is rotated so that it faces the second antenna 5 directly. In this state, the incident angle θA is 90°.

[0140] Then, electromagnetic waves are transmitted from the second antenna 5. The electromagnetic waves transmitted from the second antenna 5 have their irradiation range limited by the second limiting mechanism 6 and are incident on the sample 100 in the sample placement section 2. A portion of the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample 100 have their irradiation range limited by the first limiting mechanism 4 and are incident on the first antenna 3. The first antenna 3 then detects the intensity of the electromagnetic waves it has received.

[0141] In this state, as shown in Figure 7, the network analyzer 8 stores information on the position and intensity of electromagnetic waves received at each location while changing the position of the first antenna 3. The position of the receiving antenna 5 and the information on the electromagnetic wave intensity may be recorded on a separate storage medium such as a PC. Alternatively, an external control device such as a PC may be used to control the antenna position and the network analyzer 8. This allows for the measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of sample 100. In particular, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of sample 100 can be measured in the region below and to the left of sample 100 in Figure 7.

[0142] Furthermore, it is preferable that the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 further comprises a drive unit (e.g., a motor) that outputs a driving force to change at least one of the following: the position of the second antenna 5 relative to the sample mounting section 2, the rotational position of the sample mounting section 2 around the rotation axis J along the incident plane of the sample 100, and the position of the first antenna 3 relative to the sample mounting section 2; an input unit for the user to input information on measurement conditions (incident angle θA, detection angle θB); and a control unit that controls the operation of the drive unit based on the input information.

[0143] Furthermore, if the control unit controls the operation of the network analyzer 8, the above measurements can be performed automatically.

[0144] As described above, the electromagnetic wave transceiver 1 has an adjustment mechanism 1A that allows the position of the second antenna 5 (rotational position around the rotation axis J) to be precisely moved and adjusted in an arc shape relative to the sample 100, enabling accurate measurement of the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100 at various detection angles θB.

[0145] Thus, the measurement method of the present invention uses the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1 described above to measure the electromagnetic wave transmission and receiving characteristics of the sample 100, making it possible to easily and accurately measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of the sample 100.

[0146] Furthermore, the measurement method of the present invention comprises a first step of measuring the transmission and reception characteristics by using the first antenna 3 as a transmitting antenna and the second antenna 5 as a receiving antenna, and a second step of measuring the transmission and reception characteristics by using the first antenna 3 as a receiving antenna and the second antenna 5 as a transmitting antenna. This makes it possible to measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of sample 100 in the region below and to the right of sample 100 in Figure 1 in the first state, and to measure the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of sample 100 in the region below and to the left of sample 100 in Figure 7 in the second state. In other words, the detection angle θB can be set over a wider range by simply switching the transmission and reception functions of the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 5.

[0147] In particular, as mentioned above, the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 5 have limited practical ranges of motion due to mutual interference, but by switching the transmitting and receiving functions in this way, the ranges of motion of the transmitting and receiving antennas can be expanded. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave diffusion characteristics of sample 100 can be measured more easily, more accurately, and in a wider variety of ways.

[0148] Furthermore, by rotating the sample mounting section 2 in accordance with the switching of the transmission and reception functions of the first antenna 3 and the second antenna 5, the incident angle θA can be set over a wider range.

[0149] Although the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.

[0150] For example, in the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device and measurement method of the present invention, each part of the above embodiment may be replaced with any component having a similar function, or any component may be added to the above embodiment. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0151] 1. Electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device 1A adjustment mechanism 2. Sample placement section 3. First Antenna 4 1st Limited Mechanism 5. Second Antenna 6 Second limited mechanism 7. Support Member 8. Network Analyzer 10A Second Antenna Mobile Section 10B First Antenna Mobile Section 20A 1st fixing mechanism 20B Second fixing mechanism 21 Post 22 Fixed part 41 lenses 42 aperture 43 Position adjustment mechanism 61 lenses 62 aperture 63 Position adjustment mechanism 71 First antenna support member 72 Second antenna support member 73. Solids of revolution 81 Generation part 82 Output terminals 83 Input terminals 84 Analysis Department 85 Switching section 100 samples 101 Conductive resin plate 102 Opening 103 Resin sheet 104 Electromagnetic wave reflective layer 200 Installation surface 201 Screw holes 202 Screws 203 Screw holes 204 Screws 421 Aperture 431 Slide bar 432 Through hole 433 Through hole 621 Aperture 631 Slide bar 632 Through hole 633 Through hole 711 Post 712 Connection section 713 Rail component 714 Sliding member 721 Post 722 Connecting part 723 Rail component 724 Sliding member 731 First Member 732 Second Member A Adjustment mechanism C yen D Separation distance J rotation axis L-shaped line segment L' line segment S center S' center W width WA plane wave θA incident angle θB detection angle

Claims

1. A sample installation section where a plate-shaped sample that reflects electromagnetic waves is placed, A first antenna having the function of transmitting electromagnetic waves toward the sample installed in the sample installation section, A first limiting mechanism for limiting the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the first antenna onto the sample, A second antenna having the function of receiving the electromagnetic waves reflected by the sample, An electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device comprising an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the incident angle of the electromagnetic waves onto the sample and / or the detection angle of the electromagnetic waves from the sample by adjusting at least one of the following: the position of the first antenna with respect to the sample mounting section, the rotational position of the sample mounting section about the rotation axis along the incident surface of the sample, and the position of the second antenna with respect to the sample mounting section.

2. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a second antenna moving part that moves the second antenna along a circle centered on the rotation axis.

3. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 2, wherein the first antenna is installed on the circle.

4. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a first fixing mechanism that switches between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample installation section and the second antenna are fixed and a released state in which the fixed state is released.

5. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a rotating part that rotates the sample installed in the sample installation part around the rotation axis to adjust the incidence angle or detection angle of the electromagnetic wave.

6. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjustment mechanism has a first antenna moving part that moves the first antenna along a circle centered on the rotation axis.

7. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a second fixing mechanism for switching between a fixed state in which the positions of the sample installation section and the first antenna are fixed and a released state in which the fixed state is released.

8. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first limiting mechanism has a lens.

9. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 8, wherein the lens is a convex lens.

10. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first limiting mechanism has a diaphragm with an opening through which the electromagnetic waves pass.

11. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first limiting mechanism comprises a lens and an aperture having an opening through which the electromagnetic waves emitted from the lens pass.

12. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is 1 GHz or more and 100 GHz or less.

13. The first antenna further has the function of receiving the electromagnetic waves, The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second antenna further has the function of transmitting the electromagnetic waves.

14. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 13, further comprising a switching unit for switching the transmitting and receiving functions of the first antenna and the second antenna.

15. The electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device according to claim 14, further comprising a second limiting mechanism for limiting the irradiation range of the electromagnetic waves transmitted from the second antenna onto the sample.

16. A measurement method characterized by measuring the diffusion characteristics of the electromagnetic waves of the sample using the electromagnetic wave transmitting and receiving device described in claim 1 or 2.

17. The first step involves using the first antenna as a transmitting antenna and the second antenna as a receiving antenna to measure the spreading characteristics, The measurement method according to claim 16, further comprising a second step of measuring the spreading characteristics by using the first antenna as a receiving antenna and the second antenna as a transmitting antenna.

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