Windshield

Abstract

To provide a windshield that can prevent a decrease in antenna gain in a windshield where both the antenna and the feed line are positioned above the upper busbar. [Solution] The present invention relates to a windshield comprising glass, a heating element disposed on the glass, a lower busbar disposed below the heating element, an upper busbar disposed above the heating element, an antenna disposed in a strip-shaped gap between the upper busbar and the upper end of the glass, and a feed line extending from the upper busbar through the gap to the upper end of the glass, wherein the wavelength used by the antenna is λ [mm], the end of the antenna and the feed line are separated in the gap, and the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a windshield.

Background Art

[0002] Regarding the air conditioning operation in winter in a vehicle, when using heating in an engine vehicle, the exhaust heat of the engine is used. Since the windshield is likely to become cloudy when the vehicle interior warms up, anti-fogging may be used in combination. At this time, "dehumidifying heating" that uses a cooler is used for anti-fogging of the windshield.

[0003] On the other hand, in an electric vehicle (BEV), a heat pump is used for heating. Since it is difficult to use the cooler during heat pump operation, it is common to use outside air for anti-fogging. In an example of the air conditioning system of a BEV, the ratio of the outside air introduction amount to the inside air circulation amount of the air conditioner is set to 50:50, resulting in poor heating efficiency.

[0004] From the above background, it has been considered to prevent clouding of the windshield by mounting wire anti-fogging and improve the heating efficiency of the air conditioner.

[0005] As wire anti-fogging mounted on the windshield, a configuration is known in which heating wires are arranged on the glass, an upper bus bar is provided above the heating wires, and a lower bus bar is provided below the heating wires. The heating wires and the bus bars are provided on the surface on the intermediate layer side of the windshield, which is a laminated glass.

[0006] In addition, an antenna (for example, an antenna for terrestrial digital broadcasting) is provided on the windshield. The antenna is printed on the surface on the interior side of the windshield.

[0007] In a windshield equipped with both wire anti-fogging and an antenna, if the positions of the heating wire and busbars overlap with the antenna in the thickness direction, the antenna gain decreases. Therefore, the positions of the heating wire and busbars and the antenna are adjusted so that they do not overlap when the windshield is viewed from the front. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-161975 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle glass equipped with a busbar for preventing fogging of the glass plate and a heating area, and on which an antenna for receiving terrestrial digital broadcasting signals is positioned.

[0010] In the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the antenna is positioned above the upper busbar, and the feed line that supplies power to the busbar is positioned below the lower busbar, so the antenna and the feed line are separated.

[0011] Depending on the wiring design in the windshield, there is a desire to position the power supply wires that provide power to the busbars above the upper busbars. When the antenna and feed line are positioned in this way, they may be close together. This can lead to a problem where the antenna gain decreases.

[0012] This disclosure aims to provide a windshield that can prevent a decrease in antenna gain in a windshield where both the antenna and the feed line are arranged above the upper busbar. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] This disclosure is as follows:

[0014] The windshield of this disclosure (1) is made of glass and The electric heating element arranged in the glass, A lower busbar is positioned below the heating element, An upper busbar positioned above the aforementioned heating element and An antenna is positioned in the strip-shaped gap between the upper busbar and the upper end of the glass, The system includes a power supply line extending from the upper busbar through the gap to the upper end of the glass, The present invention relates to a windshield in which the wavelength of the antenna used is λ [mm], the end of the antenna and the feed line are separated in the gap, and the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more.

[0015] The windshield of Disclosure (2) relates to the windshield of Disclosure (1), wherein the antenna is an antenna for terrestrial digital broadcasting.

[0016] The windshield of Disclosure (3) relates to the windshield of Disclosure (1) or (2), wherein the power supply line is located near the left or right edge of the glass and overlaps with the pillar cover.

[0017] The windshield of the present disclosure (4) relates to the windshield of the present disclosure (1) or (2), wherein the power supply line is located near the center of the glass in the left-right direction.

[0018] The windshield of the present disclosure (5) relates to the windshield of any of the present disclosures (1) to (4), wherein the antenna is a 1 / 4λ antenna and the current maximum portion is the terminal portion of the antenna.

[0019] The windshield of the present disclosure (6) relates to the windshield according to any one of the present disclosures (1) to (4), where the antenna is a 1 / 2λ antenna and the large current portion is located at a point 1 / 4λ away from the terminal of the antenna.

[0020] The windshield of the present disclosure (7) is a laminated glass in which the glass is laminated with an indoor-side glass, an intermediate layer, and an outdoor-side glass. The upper bus bar and the power supply line are provided on the surface of the indoor-side glass on the side of the intermediate layer. The antenna is provided on the indoor-side surface of the indoor-side glass, and relates to the windshield according to any one of the present disclosures (1) to (6).

[0021] The windshield of the present disclosure (8) relates to the windshield according to any one of the present disclosures (1) to (7), where the upper bus bar and the power supply line are both copper plates, and the power supply line is connected to an in-vehicle harness.

[0022] The windshield of the present disclosure (9) relates to the windshield according to any one of the present disclosures (1) to (8), where the power supply line is a wiring provided on a flexible printed circuit board, a part of the power supply line faces a part of a metal plate through an insulating layer of the flexible printed circuit board, and the metal plate and the insulating layer are fixed by a screw inserted into a grounding screw hole penetrating the metal plate and the insulating layer.

Advantages of the Invention

[0023] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a windshield capable of preventing a decrease in antenna gain in a windshield in which an antenna and a power supply line are both arranged above an upper bus bar.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing an example of the windshield of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the distance between the current maximum point of the antenna and the feed line. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows the simulation results of the relationship between the distance from the feed line to the current maximum point of the antenna and the average gain. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic front view showing another example of the windshield of this disclosure. [Figure 5] Figure 5 schematically shows the positional relationship between the power supply line and antenna and other components of the vehicle body. [Figure 6] Figure 6 schematically shows the positional relationship between the power supply line and antenna and other components of the vehicle body. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the location of the current maximum in a 1 / 4λ antenna. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the location of the current maximum in a 1 / 2λ antenna. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the cross-sectional structure of a windshield. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is a schematic front view showing modified examples of windshields with different power supply line configurations. [Figure 11A] Figure 11A is a schematic front view showing modified examples of windshields with different power supply line configurations. [Figure 11B] Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view along line BB in Figure 11A. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0025] A windshield according to an embodiment of this disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The windshield of this disclosure is made of glass and The electric heating element arranged in the glass, A lower busbar is positioned below the heating element, An upper busbar positioned above the aforementioned heating element and An antenna is positioned in the strip-shaped gap between the upper busbar and the upper end of the glass, The system includes a power supply line extending from the upper busbar through the gap to the upper end of the glass, The windshield has an operating wavelength of λ [mm] for the antenna, and in the gap, the end of the antenna and the feed line are separated, and the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of the windshield of this disclosure. Figure 1 shows a view of the windshield 1 from the inside. The glass 10 that makes up the windshield 1 is roughly rectangular in shape, with an upper edge 11, a lower edge 12, a left edge 13, and a right edge 14. The direction in which the upper edge 11 and lower edge 12 of the glass 10 face each other is defined as the vertical direction of the glass, and the direction in which the left edge 13 and right edge 14 face each other is defined as the horizontal direction of the glass. Figure 1 and each drawing include double-headed arrows indicating the up-and-down direction and double-headed arrows indicating the left-and-right direction as appropriate.

[0027] The windshield (front glass) is located in front of the driver's seat and separates the interior from the exterior of the vehicle. The glass that makes up the windshield may be single-pane glass or laminated glass, but laminated glass is preferred.

[0028] As for the glass, in addition to soda-lime silicate glass as specified in ISO 16293-1, glass with known compositions such as aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, and alkali-free glass can be used. In the case of laminated glass, it is preferable that the glass consists of an interior glass pane, an intermediate layer, and an exterior glass pane, all laminated together. Polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), acrylic resin (PMMA), urethane resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cycloolefin polymer (COP), etc., can be used as the resin interlayer constituting the intermediate layer.

[0029] A heating element 20 is placed on the glass 10. A lower busbar 30 is positioned below the heating element 20, and an upper busbar 40 is positioned above the heating element 20.

[0030] The heating element 20, the lower busbar 30, and the upper busbar 40 constitute the wire anti-fogging unit 50. The heating element 20 consists of numerous corrugated heating elements formed between the lower busbar 30 and the upper busbar 40, and is made of silver print or the like. When a voltage is applied between the lower busbar 30 and the upper busbar 40, current flows through the heating element 20, generating heat that heats the glass 10, thereby preventing fogging of the glass 10.

[0031] The material of the heating element 20 is not particularly limited, and silver, aluminum, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, palladium, indium, tungsten, gold, platinum, copper, or alloys thereof can be used. For the heating elements, a system with a 1.5mm to 5mm pitch (1.5mm to 5mm spacing between adjacent heating elements) can be used, with a total of 200 to 800 heating elements in the entire windshield.

[0032] The material of the lower busbar 30 and the upper busbar 40 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a metal plate, and preferably a copper plate.

[0033] The wire anti-fog unit 50, which consists of a heating element 20, a lower busbar 30, and an upper busbar 40, is divided and installed on the left and right sides of the windshield. Figure 1 shows wire anti-fog unit 50L on the left and wire anti-fog unit 50R on the right. Although Figure 1 shows an example where the wire anti-fog unit is divided and installed, the wire anti-fog unit may also be installed as a single unit on the windshield without being divided.

[0034] The antenna 70 is positioned in the strip-shaped gap 60 between the upper busbar and the upper edge of the glass (upper edge 11 of the glass). The antenna may be a 1 / 4λ antenna or a 1 / 2λ antenna.

[0035] A power supply line 80 is positioned to extend from the upper busbar 40, traversing the gap 60 vertically to the upper edge of the glass (upper edge 11 of the glass). In the configuration shown in Figure 1, a power supply line 80L is provided near the left edge 13 of the glass 10 for the left wire anti-fog unit 50L, and a power supply line 80R is provided near the right edge 14 of the glass 10 for the right wire anti-fog unit 50R. It is preferable that the power supply lines be provided in symmetrical positions in the left-right direction of the windshield. From this viewpoint, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the power supply lines are provided near the left edge and near the right edge of the glass. In this specification, the vicinity of the left edge and the vicinity of the right edge of the glass refer to the area within 200 mm of the left edge (left side) or the right edge (right side) of the glass.

[0036] The material of the power supply line 80 is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a metal plate, and preferably a copper plate. It may also be integrated with the upper busbar to form a T-shaped metal plate overall.

[0037] Antenna 70 is located near the feed line 80L provided on the left-side wire anti-fogging unit 50L. The end of antenna 70 and the feed line 80L are separated. In Figure 1, the distance between the current maximum point of antenna 70 and the feed line 80L in the left-right direction of the glass is indicated by double arrows d.

[0038] In the windshield of this disclosure, the wavelength used by the antenna is λ [mm], and the distance d between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more. This technical matter is explained below. In this specification, when a fraction and λ are displayed adjacent to each other, such as 3 / 8λ, λ is a multiplier applied to the numerator, meaning (3 × λ) / 8. λ is not a multiplier applied to the denominator.

[0039] Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the distance between the current maximum point of the antenna and the feed line. Figure 2 is also an enlarged view of the gap 60 between the upper busbar and the upper edge of the glass, including the feed line 80L and antenna 70 shown in Figure 1.

[0040] The current maximum of antenna 70 is the part of the antenna where current is concentrated, and is determined by the shape of the antenna. A person skilled in the art can understand which part it is by looking at the shape of the antenna. Figure 2 shows the location of the current maximum of antenna 71, and the distance between the current maximum of antenna 71 and the feed line 80 is indicated by the double arrow d. If the current maximum of antenna 71 and the feed line 80 have width in the left-right direction, the distance between the current maximum of antenna 71 and the feed line 80 is determined starting from the center of the width in the left-right direction.

[0041] In this specification, the wavelength λ [mm] used for the antenna is a value that takes into account the wavelength shortening factor relative to the wavelength λ0 in a vacuum. For example, if the antenna frequency is 500 MHz and the wavelength shortening factor is 0.66 (66%), then λ = (speed of light / frequency) × wavelength shortening factor, so λ = 600 [mm] × 0.66 = 400 mm. Note that λ0 = 600 mm when the antenna frequency is 500 MHz. The wavelength shortening factor varies depending on the medium, but in this specification, 0.66 is used.

[0042] In the windshield of this disclosure, the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is set to 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more. This range can be rewritten as "the range excluding 1 / 2λ ± 1 / 8λ". In other words, the antenna's position is determined such that the point of maximum current in the antenna does not fall within a range of 1 / 8λ to the left or right of the point where the distance between the antenna's current maximum and the feed line is 1 / 2λ. The reason for determining the antenna's position in this way will be explained below.

[0043] Figure 3 shows the simulation results of the relationship between the distance from the feed line to the current maximum point of the antenna and the average gain. Due to the antenna's shape, the feed line and antenna come into contact in the region less than 100mm away. Therefore, the relationship is shown only in the region greater than 100mm away, excluding the region less than 100mm. Figure 3 shows the simulation results at an antenna frequency of 500 MHz. In this case, 1 / 2λ = 200 [mm]. In Figure 3, the dotted curve for the "with feed line" shows the lowest gain at a distance of 200 mm. To prevent the antenna from being positioned near the point where the gain is lowest (the distance being 1 / 2λ), the antenna's position should be determined so that the antenna's current maximum does not occur within a range of 1 / 8λ in the left-right direction. Specifically, since 3 / 8λ = 150 mm and 5 / 8λ = 250 mm, the antenna's position should be determined so that the antenna's current maximum does not occur within a range of 150 to 250 mm from the feed line.

[0044] Figure 3 shows the simulation results for the "no power supply line" scenario, with the solid line representing the combined results. In the absence of a power supply line, the horizontal axis reference is the distance from the center of the vehicle body to the point of maximum current on the antenna. Even without a power supply line, the gain changes depending on the antenna's position, which is thought to be due to the influence of its position relative to the conductive vehicle body (vehicle pillars).

[0045] In the case of "no feed line," the gain is about 1-2 dB higher than in the case of "with feed line." Since the gain is sufficiently high when there is no feed line, there is little need to consider the decrease in gain when determining the antenna position.

[0046] In other words, the problem of gain decreasing depending on the antenna's position is a problem that specifically arises when both the feed line that supplies power to the busbar and the antenna are located above the upper busbar (the case where a feed line is present). In the windshield of this disclosure, by determining the position of the antenna in consideration of its relationship with the feed line, it is possible to prevent a decrease in antenna gain in a windshield where both the antenna and the feed line are located above the upper busbar.

[0047] An example of an antenna is a terrestrial digital broadcasting antenna, with an applicable frequency range of 470-710MHz. A typical frequency for a terrestrial digital broadcasting antenna can be set to 590 MHz. For example, if the antenna frequency is 590MHz (λ0 = 508mm) and the wavelength shortening factor is 0.66 (66%), then λ = 508 [mm] × 0.66 = 335mm. Since 3 / 8λ = 126 mm and 5 / 8λ = 209 mm, the antenna's position should be determined so that the current maximum of the antenna does not fall within the range of 126 to 209 mm from the feed line.

[0048] If the antenna is for a purpose other than terrestrial digital broadcasting and has a wide range of applicable frequencies, λ0 [mm] can be determined by defining a representative value for antennas of that purpose, and λ [mm] can be determined by considering the wavelength shortening factor. The position of the antenna can then be determined so that the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more. Examples of typical application frequencies for antennas in other applications include 860MHz for mobile phones in Japan and 5888MHz for V2X in the United States.

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic front view showing another example of the windshield of this disclosure. In the windshield 2 shown in Figure 4, the positions of the feed line and the antenna are different from those of windshield 1 shown in Figure 1. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, a power supply line 80L is provided near the center of the glass 10 for the left wire anti-fog unit 50L, and a power supply line 80R is provided near the center of the glass 10 for the right wire anti-fog unit 50R. It is preferable that the power supply lines be provided in symmetrical positions in the left-right direction of the windshield. From this viewpoint, in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, all power supply lines are provided near the center of the glass in the left-right direction. In this specification, the area near the center of the glass in the left-right direction is defined as a region with a total width of 200 mm, consisting of 100 mm to the left and 100 mm to the right of the vehicle's left-right centerline.

[0050] An antenna 70 is provided near the feed line 80R located on the right-side wire anti-fogging unit 50R. The end of the antenna 70 and the feed line 80R are separated. In Figure 4, the distance between the current maximum point of the antenna 70 and the feed line 80R in the left-right direction of the glass is indicated by double arrows d. The distance between the current maximum point of antenna 70 and the feed line 80R in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more.

[0051] Furthermore, if there are multiple feed lines in the gap above the upper busbar, the distance between the antenna's current maximum point and the feed line is determined in relation to the feed line that is closest to the antenna in the left-right direction. There is no need to consider the relative position of other power lines. In other words, in Figure 1, the distance between the current maximum point of the antenna and the feed line can be determined solely by the positional relationship between the antenna 70 and the feed line 80L provided on the left wire anti-fogging unit 50L, and there is no need to consider the positional relationship between the feed line 80R provided on the right wire anti-fogging unit 50R and the antenna 70. In Figure 4, the distance between the antenna's current maximum point and the feed line can be determined solely by the positional relationship between the antenna 70 and the feed line 80R provided on the right-side wire anti-fogging unit 50R; there is no need to consider the positional relationship between the feed line 80L provided on the left-side wire anti-fogging unit 50L and the antenna 70.

[0052] Next, we will explain an example of the positional relationship with other components of the vehicle body. Figures 5 and 6 schematically show the positional relationship between the power supply line and antenna and other components of the vehicle body. Figure 5 shows hatching indicating the position of the pillar cover 91 that covers the left edge 13 of the glass 10, and hatching indicating the position of the roof interior 92 that covers the top edge 11 of the glass 10. In the configuration shown in Figure 5, a power supply line 80L is provided near the left edge 13 of the glass 10 for the left wire anti-fog unit 50L, and the power supply line 80L is covered by the pillar cover 91 and the interior lining 92 of the roof. Therefore, the power supply line 80L cannot be seen by the occupants from the inside. On the other hand, the antenna 70 is not covered by the pillar cover 91 and the interior lining 92 of the roof.

[0053] Figure 6 shows hatching indicating the position of the camera cover 93 that covers the vicinity of the center of the glass 10. In the configuration shown in Figure 6, a power supply line 80L is provided near the center of the glass 10 relative to the left wire anti-fog unit 50L, and the power supply line 80L is covered by the camera cover 93. Therefore, the power supply line 80L cannot be seen by the occupants from the inside. On the other hand, the antenna 70 is not covered by the camera cover 93. Furthermore, Figures 5 and 6 show line C, which indicates the center position of the vehicle in the left-right direction.

[0054] In Figures 5 and 6, the distance between the current maximum of the antenna 70 and the feed line 80L in the left-right direction of the glass is indicated by the double arrow d. The distance between the current maximum point of antenna 70 and the feed line 80L in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more.

[0055] Next, with reference to Figures 7 and 8, examples of the locations of current maximums in a 1 / 4λ antenna and a 1 / 2λ antenna will be described. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the location of the current maximum in a 1 / 4λ antenna. Figure 7 shows an example of the shape of a 1 / 4λ antenna 74. Figure 7 shows the outer conductor terminal 75a and the inner conductor terminal 75b of the coaxial cable. In the 1 / 4λ antenna 74 shown in Figure 7, the portion between terminals 75a and 75b becomes the current maximum 71. The distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line is determined as the distance between the current maximum 71 near terminal 75a, which is close to the feed line, and the feed line 80 (double arrow d).

[0056] Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the location of the current maximum in a 1 / 2λ antenna. Figure 8 shows an example of the shape of a 1 / 2λ antenna 72. Figure 8 shows the outer conductor terminal 75a and the inner conductor terminal 75b of the coaxial cable. In the 1 / 2λ antenna 72 shown in Figure 8, the current maximum 71 is located 1 / 4λ away from the outer conductor terminal 75a. In the 1 / 2λ antenna 72 shown in Figure 8, the current maximum 71 is located at the position closest to the feed line 80, and the distance between this current maximum 71 and the feed line 80 (double arrow d) is determined.

[0057] Next, we will describe an example of the configuration of the windshield in the thickness direction of this disclosure. In the windshield of this disclosure, the glass is laminated glass comprising an interior glass pane, an intermediate layer, and an exterior glass pane, the upper busbar and power supply lines are provided on the intermediate layer side of the interior glass pane, and the antenna may be provided on the interior side of the interior glass pane.

[0058] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the cross-sectional structure of a windshield. Figure 9 shows laminated glass 100 as the glass. The laminated glass 100 has a structure in which an indoor glass 110, an intermediate layer 130, and an outdoor glass 120 are laminated together, with the indoor side of the indoor glass 110 being the fourth surface 114, the intermediate layer side being the third surface 113, the outdoor side of the outdoor glass 120 being the first surface 121, and the intermediate layer side being the second surface 122.

[0059] In this specification, when a component is said to be "provided on the surface on the intermediate layer side," this includes both cases where the component is directly provided on the glass surface, i.e., where the component is directly provided on the third or second surface, and cases where the component is provided within the intermediate layer, away from the glass surface. In other words, it means that the surface on which the component is provided is not the fourth surface, which is the interior side of the glass, or the first surface, which is the exterior side.

[0060] In the example shown in Figure 9, the upper busbar 40 and the power supply line 80 are provided on the intermediate layer side of the interior glass 110. Specifically, the upper busbar 40 and the power supply line 80 are directly provided on the third surface 113 of the interior glass 110. In the example shown in Figure 9, the heating element 20 is provided on the intermediate layer side of the indoor glass 110. Specifically, the heating element 20 is provided within the intermediate layer 130, away from the third surface 113 of the indoor glass 110 and the second surface 122 of the outdoor glass 120. On the other hand, the antenna 70 is directly mounted on the fourth surface 114 of the interior glass 110.

[0061] In this specification, the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is defined, but they may be located at different positions in the thickness direction. The relative positions of the antenna and the feed line are defined as the relative positions of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction in a plan view of the glass, as shown in Figure 1, etc. Furthermore, the antenna and the feed line may be located on the same layer.

[0062] Furthermore, the busbars, power lines, and heating elements may be located on the third surface of the interior glass or within the intermediate layer. If the busbar and power lines are integrated into a single component, then the busbar and power lines will be located on the same layer.

[0063] Next, we will describe some variations of the power supply lines and their surrounding configurations provided in the windshield of this disclosure. In the windshield of this disclosure, both the upper busbar and the power supply line are made of copper plate, and the power supply line may be connected to an on-board harness.

[0064] Figure 10 is a schematic front view showing modified examples of windshields with different power supply line configurations. In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the power supply line 80 is connected to the vehicle harness 180. Although not explicitly shown in Figure 10, as in the configuration shown in Figure 5, the power supply lines and vehicle harnesses may be covered by the pillar cover and roof trim so that the power supply lines and vehicle harnesses are not visible to the occupants from the inside of the vehicle.

[0065] In the windshield of this disclosure, the power supply line is a wire provided on a flexible wiring board, a portion of the power supply line faces a portion of the metal plate via the insulating layer of the flexible wiring board, and the metal plate and the insulating layer may be fixed by screws inserted into grounding screw holes that penetrate the metal plate and the insulating layer.

[0066] Figure 11A is a schematic front view showing a modified windshield with a different configuration of power supply lines. Figure 11B is a cross-sectional view of Figure 11A along line BB. In the embodiment shown in Figure 11A, the power supply line 80 is a wiring provided on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). A polyimide layer can be used as the insulating layer 190 of the flexible printed circuit board. In the front view of Figure 11A, the power supply line 80 is located on the back side of the insulating layer 190 and is therefore hidden from view by the insulating layer 190. However, Figure 11A shows the position of the power supply line 80 by allowing light to pass through the insulating layer 190. The power supply line 80 can be connected to the positive terminal. A portion of the power supply line 80 faces a portion of the metal plate 191 via an insulating layer 190. Furthermore, a screw hole 192 for grounding is provided, which penetrates the metal plate 191 and the insulating layer 190. A screw is inserted into the grounding screw hole 192 (not shown in the diagram) and connected to the vehicle body to provide a body ground.

[0067] Although noise can be transmitted to the power supply line 80 connected to the positive terminal, capacitive coupling can be created by overlapping the metal plates 191 via the insulating layer 190, thereby reducing the noise.

[0068] The insulating layer 190 is not particularly limited, but a polyimide layer can be used. The metal plate 191 is not particularly limited, but a copper plate can be used. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0069] 1, 2 Windshields 10 Glass 11 Top 12 Bottom edge 13 Left side 14 Right side 20 heating wire 30 Lower busbar 40 Upper busbar 50 Wire Anti-Fog Units 50L Left-side wire anti-fog unit 50R Right side wire anti-fog unit 60. Gap between the upper busbar and the top edge of the glass. 70 Antenna 71 Current maximum part 72 1 / 2λ antenna 74 1 / 4λ antenna 75a Coaxial cable outer conductor side terminal 75b Coaxial cable internal conductor side terminal 80 Power line Power supply line located in the 80L left-side wire anti-fog unit. 80R Right-side wire anti-fog unit power supply line 91 Pillar Cover 92 Roof Interior 93 Camera Cover 100 Laminated glass 110 Interior glass 113 3rd page 114 Page 4 120 Exterior glass 121 Page 1 122 2nd page 130 Middle Class 180 Vehicle-mounted harness 190 Insulating layer 191 Metal plate 192 Screw holes for grounding

Claims

1. Glass and, The electric heating element arranged in the glass, A lower busbar is positioned below the heating element, An upper busbar positioned above the aforementioned heating element and An antenna is positioned in the strip-shaped gap between the upper busbar and the upper end of the glass, The system includes a power supply line extending from the upper busbar through the gap to the upper end of the glass, The wavelength used by the antenna is λ [mm], and in the gap, the end of the antenna and the feed line are separated, and the distance between the current maximum of the antenna and the feed line in the left-right direction of the glass is 3 / 8λ or less, or 5 / 8λ or more. Windshield.

2. The windshield according to claim 1, wherein the antenna is an antenna for terrestrial digital broadcasting.

3. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power supply line is located near the left or right edge of the glass and overlaps with the pillar cover.

4. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power supply line is located near the center of the glass in the left-right direction.

5. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna is a 1 / 4λ antenna and the current maximum portion is the terminal portion of the antenna.

6. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna is a 1 / 2λ antenna, and the current maximum is located at a distance of 1 / 4λ from the terminal of the antenna.

7. The aforementioned glass is laminated glass in which an interior glass layer, an intermediate layer, and an exterior glass layer are laminated together. The upper busbar and the power supply line are provided on the intermediate layer side surface of the interior glass. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna is provided on the interior surface of the interior glass.

8. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both the upper busbar and the power supply line are made of copper plates, and the power supply line is connected to an on-board harness.

9. The windshield according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power supply line is a wiring provided on a flexible wiring board, a portion of the power supply line faces a portion of a metal plate via an insulating layer of the flexible wiring board, and the metal plate and the insulating layer are fixed by screws inserted into grounding screw holes that penetrate the metal plate and the insulating layer.

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