Lubricant composition

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising a (per)fluoropolyether polymer as base oil, a salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer as conductive additive, and at least one thickener.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-reference to related patent applications This application claims priority from European Patent Application No. 23151394.6, filed January 12, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

[0002] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising a (per)fluoropolyether polymer as base oil, a salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer as conductive additive, and at least one thickener. [Background technology]

[0003] Certain hydrogen-based lubricants, particularly certain lubricating oils, of natural or synthetic origin are known to have excellent lubricating properties and are commercially available at reasonable prices. Examples of hydrogen-based lubricating oils include hydrocarbon-type mineral oils, animal and vegetable hydrogenated oils, synthetic hydrogenated oils such as polyalphaolefins (PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, phosphate esters, polyesters, alkylated naphthalenes, polyphenyl ethers, polybutenes, multiply alkylated cyclopentanes, silane hydrocarbons, siloxanes, and polyalkylene glycols.

[0004] Thickening additives must have excellent thermal and chemical stability to function at high temperatures. In addition, fluorinated oils and greases undergo decomposition processes at high temperatures in the presence of metals and in an oxidizing environment, resulting in backbone destruction and the generation of volatile products. This leads to a decrease in the lubricating performance of both the oil and the grease.

[0005] To overcome this drawback, it is known from the prior art to use additives that stabilize oils and greases at high temperatures in an oxidizing environment and in the presence of metals, thereby ensuring stability during use.

[0006] Liquid stabilizing additives have been disclosed in the prior art. However, applications requiring continuous use at high temperatures above 200°C require increasing the amount of additive, typically to more than about 5% by weight based on the total weight of the oil or grease. The drawback of using large amounts of liquid stabilizing additives in grease preparations is that the ratio between the liquid components of the grease (oil + additives) and the solid components of the grease (thickener) changes. Higher amounts of liquid increase the separation of the liquid from the solid as the temperature increases, thereby changing the initial grease consistency. At temperatures above 200°C, oil separation becomes significant. Furthermore, liquid additives tend to evaporate more readily as the use temperature increases.

[0007] For example, WO 2007 / 082829 (Solvay Solexis SpA) discloses the use of a polymer that is solid at room temperature and has a melting point higher than 150°C. This patent application discloses the use of a polymer containing at least one aromatic ring in the main chain as an additive for stabilizing perfluoropolyether oil. The composition disclosed in this patent application preferably contains an aromatic polymer powder having an average size of 0.1 μm to 1,000 μm. A preferred embodiment contains PTFE powder in addition to the aromatic polymer powder.

[0008] Potential alternatives to hydrogen-based lubricants include (per)fluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricants, i.e., lubricants containing perfluorooxyalkylene chains, i.e., chains containing repeating units with at least one ether linkage and at least one fluorocarbon moiety. PFPE lubricants offer high thermal and chemical resistance, making them useful in applications characterized by harsh conditions (such as very high temperatures, the presence of oxygen, aggressive chemicals, and radiation). However, PFPE oils are more expensive than hydrogenated oils and are therefore only used when high performance is required.

[0009] (Per)fluoropolyether polymers (PFPEs) are a family of fluorinated synthetic fluids that have been known for a long time and are used to formulate lubricants that perform for long periods in very harsh environments.

[0010] However, one problem with PFPE-based lubricants is that they are highly dielectric and have poor electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the low polarity of fluorinated PFPE lubricants results in poor solubility and / or compatibility with most additives. Therefore, adjusting the conductivity of PFPE lubricants has proven problematic because conductive additives are typically polar species and are not miscible with PFPE lubricants.

[0011] Therefore, several methods have been attempted in the art to adjust the conductivity of PFPE lubricants, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008 / 0144219 (in the name of HGST Netherlands BV).

[0012] Furthermore, N Suhaila A Japar et al. (International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7, 3.26, 2018, 23.29) summarized findings regarding the use of grease containing PFPE as a base oil and solid particles (fumed silica or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) as a thickener in their article "Grease and its Application on Electrical Equipment: A Review." Summary of the Invention

[0013] Applicant recognizes that the presence of electrical components continues to grow in many different industries and for a variety of applications. However, exposing such electrical components to harsh environments, including, but not limited to, extreme temperatures, moisture, and corrosion, can prematurely cause failure of such electrical components. Such components can also be subject to electrical arc discharge combustion, which can cause the components to burn and therefore shorten their useful life.

[0014] Further to the above, the applicant has noted that the performance of aromatic polymer powders in the art is no longer adequate to meet the ever increasing demands of specialized industry.

[0015] The Applicant therefore faced the problem of providing a composition suitable for lubricating electrical components suitable for use in different applications and industries, such as in particular the electrical, electronic and automotive industries. Indeed, the Applicant has recognized that today, galvanic corrosion in rolling bearings is a challenge for e-mobility for many reasons, among them that inverter control systems can result in complex shaft voltages; EDM bearing currents occur when the bearing voltage exceeds the threshold voltage of the insulating lubricating film; the energy of capacitors is released by destructive currents and arc discharges; and that discharge currents can damage the bearing surface and degrade the lubricating grease (radical formation, overheating).

[0016] Such compositions should exhibit good electrical conductivity and therefore reduced volume resistivity (also referred to as "electrical resistivity" or "electrical resistance"), good viscosity and a high viscosity index (measured according to ASTM D227), and excellent compatibility between the base oil and the additives.

[0017] The applicant has surprisingly found compositions which meet the above-mentioned requirements and which can thereby be used as lubricants for electrical and electronic components, including electrical connectors, switchgear and circuit breakers, as well as lubricants for mechanical parts, which are particularly suitable for use in the automotive industry to lubricate parts used in electric vehicles, such as ball bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] In this application: - the use of parentheses around symbols or numbers identifying a formula, such as in expressions like "polymer (P)", has the sole purpose of better distinguishing the symbols or numbers from the rest of the text, and therefore said parentheses may be omitted; - the acronym "PFPE" stands for "(per)fluoropolyether" and, when used as a noun, is intended to mean either the singular or the plural, depending on the context; - The prefix "(per)" in the term "(per)fluoropolyether" means that the polyether may be fully or partially fluorinated.

[0019] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a medicament for the treatment of a pulmonary arthritis, comprising: (A) (Per)fluoropolyether polymer-based base oil [PFPE base oil]; (B) up to 20.0 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP), of at least one salt of (per)fluoropolyether [PFPE additive], comprising a (per)fluoropolyether polymer backbone and having two chains attached to opposite sides of said backbone, wherein at least one chain end is (i) an acid group selected from: -COO - ; [ka] wherein each is salified with at least one inorganic metal salt or organic group selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts; (ii) an ammonium group and at least one inorganic or organic counterion; at least one salt of a (per)fluoropolyether [PFPE additive] containing at least one group selected from (C) 0.1% to 35.0% by weight, preferably 1.0% to 32.0% by weight, of at least one thickener selected from fluorinated polymers and / or aromatic polymers, based on 100% by weight of the composition. The present invention relates to a composition [composition (COMP)] comprising:

[0020] Surprisingly, applicants have discovered that the PFPE additive dissipates static charge while the composition (COMP) has excellent thermal and thermo-oxidative stability.

[0021] Preferably, the PFPE base oil is (AI) a (per)fluoropolyether polymer [PFPE polymer] comprising a linear or branched (per)fluoropolyether chain [PFPE chain] and having two chain ends attached to opposite positions of said chain, wherein both chain ends comprise a linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, said polymer having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 100,000, preferably 2,000 to 50,000, as measured by NMR; or (A-II) At least one block copolymer [PFPE copolymer] comprising first and second (per)fluoropolyether chains [PFPE chains] each having two chain ends, wherein the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise a perfluorinated alkyl group, and the second chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise a perfluorinated alkyl group. - at least one first block [block (1)] satisfying formula (I): [ka] [In the formula, n is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3; R1 to R4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a group of formula (II): (II) -(R 10 ) t [C(R 11 )(R 12 )-C(R 13 )(R 14 )(R 15 )] z and is selected from the group comprising, preferably consisting of: During the ceremony, R 10 is an oxygen atom or a divalent / trivalent / tetravalent perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by and / or containing at least one oxygen atom; t is 0 or 1, z is an integer from 1 to 3, R 11 ~R 15 are each independently a fluorine atom, a perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a group of formula (III): -[(A^) a^ -(B^) v^ -(E^) L^ ] u^ -(C^)-T (III) and is selected from the group comprising, preferably consisting of: During the ceremony, a^ is 0 or 1, v^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 3, L^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, u^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; A^ is a PFPE chain; B^ is the formula: -[C(R 1^ )(R 2^ )-C(R 3^ )(R 4^ )]- Based on (In the formula, R 1^ ~R 4^each independently has the meaning defined above for each of R1 to R4), E^ is the formula -(CR 100^ R 101^ CR 102^ R 103^ )- Based on (In the formula, R 100^ and R 101^ are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; R 102^ and R 103^ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR 200 are independently selected from R 200 is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or has the formula -CFOR 201 is a group of the formula R 201 is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; or R 100^ and R 101^ One of the two and R 102^ and R 103^ is a fluorine atom, and R 100^ and R 101^ The other and R 102^ and R 103^ and the other of (which together form a perhalogenated ring having 4 to 6 members, optionally containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom); C^ is a PFPE chain; T is a perfluorinated alkyl group]; - at least one second block [block (2)] satisfying formula (IV): - [(CR 1* R 2* CR 3* R 4* ) n* -(E) L]- (IV) (In the formula, n * is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, L is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, n * and L is 0 or 1 to 250; R 1* and R 2* are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; R 3* and R 4* is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR 200 are independently selected from R 200 is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or has the formula -CFOR 201 is a group of the formula R 201 is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; or R 1* and R 2* One of the two and R 3* and R 4* is a fluorine atom, and R 1* and R 2* The other and R 3* and R 4* together form a perhalogenated ring having 4 to 6 members, optionally containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom; E has the same meaning as given above for E^); - optionally at least a third block comprising a PFPE chain [block (3)] at least one block copolymer [PFPE copolymer] bonded to each other via selected from the group comprising: however, In the PFPE copolymer, -- n, n * and at least one of L is different from 0; -- said block (1), said block (2), and, if present, said block (3), are statistically distributed; In the formula (I), -- at least one of R1 to R4 is a group of formula (II), -- R 11 or R 12 One of the two and R 13 ~R 15 one of which is a group of formula (III); In the formula (III) and the formula (IV), -- The repeating units are statistically distributed, In the formula (III), -- If a^ is 1, then at least one of v^ and L^ is different from 0. This is subject to the condition that:

[0022] Preferably, each of the aforementioned PFPE chains in both the PFPE polymer and the PFPE copolymer is a partially or fully fluorinated chain [chain (R f )], and the repeating unit is (i) -CFXO- (wherein X is F or CF); (ii) -CFXCFXO- (wherein X, at each occurrence, is equal or different, is F or CF3, provided that at least one of X is -F); (iii) -CFCFCWO- (wherein each W is equal to or different from one another and is F, Cl, or H); (iv) -CF2CF2CF2CF2O-; (v)-(CF2) w -CFZ-O- (wherein w is an integer of 0 to 3, and Z is a group represented by the general formula -OR (f-a) -Y group, and R (f-a)is a fluoropolyoxyalkene chain containing 0 to 10 repeating units, said repeating units being selected from the following: -CFXO-, -CF2CFXO-, -CF2CF2CF2O-, -CF2CF2CF2CF2O-, each occurrence of X is independently F or CF3, and Y is a C1 to C3 perfluoroalkyl group. are independently selected from the group consisting of:

[0023] Preferably, the chain (R f ) is expressed by the following formula (R f -I) and (R f -II): (R f -I) -[(CFX 1 O) g1 (CFX 2 CFX 3 O) g2 (CF2CF2CF2O) g3 (CF2CF2CF2CF2O) g4 ]- (In the formula, - X 1 is independently selected from -F and -CF3; - X 2 , X 3 are equal to or different from each other at each occurrence and are independently -F, -CF3, provided that at least one of X is -F; - g1, g2, g3 and g4 are equal to or different from one another and independently ≧0 such that g1+g2+g3+g4 is in the range of 2 to 300, preferably 10 to 250, even more preferably 15 to 200; if at least two of g1, g2, g3 and g4 are different from 0, the different repeat units are generally statistically distributed along the chain; (R f -II) -[(CFX 1 O) g1 (CFX 2 CFX 3 O) g2 (CF2CF2CF2O) g3 (CF2CF2CF2CF2O) g4-(CF(CF3)O) g5 (CF2CF(CF3)O) g6 ]- (In the formula, - X 1 , X 2 , X 3 is as defined above; g1, g2, g3, g4, g5, and g6 are equal to or different from one another and are independently ≧0 such that g1+g2+g3+g4+g5+g6 ranges from 2 to 300, preferably 10 to 250, with the proviso that at least one of g5 and g6 is different from 0. Meet the following.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the chain (R f ) is calculated using the above formula (R f -I) is satisfied.

[0025] Preferably, the PFPE copolymer (A-II) used in the composition (COMP) of the present invention is as described herein below.

[0026] Preferably, the PFPE copolymer has a viscosity of at least 1,000 mm as measured according to standard methods, such as ASTM D445, at 20° C., or by an Anton Paar MCR502 rheometer, a dynamic mechanical spectrometer equipped with 25 mm parallel plates at 0.1 rad / s and 25° C. 2 / s viscosity.

[0027] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains correspond to two chain ends of a PFPE copolymer.

[0028] Preferably, the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise a perfluorinated straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0029] Preferably, the perfluorinated alkyl groups are identical to each other.

[0030] Preferably, the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains and T in formula (III) are the same or different and are perfluorinated alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

[0031] For example, T and T' are equal to or different from each other and are a fluorine atom or a group selected from -CF3, -CF2CF3, -CF2CF2CF3, -CF(CF3)2. Other halogenated groups may also be present, such as, for example, -CF2Cl and -CF2CF2Cl.

[0032] Preferably, in the first and second PFPE chains, A' and C' are equal to or different from each other.

[0033] Preferably, in the PFPE copolymer, the first PFPE chain is linked to the block (1) via a sigma bond or a group -(C)- selected from -CF2-, -CF2CF2- or -O-.

[0034] Preferably, in the PFPE copolymer, the block (2) is linked to the second PFPE chain via a sigma bond or a group -(C)- selected from -CF2-, -CF2CF2- or -O-.

[0035] Preferably, when both the block (1) and the block (2) are present, they are linked via a sigma bond.

[0036] Preferably, in the PFPE copolymer, the sum of (n+n*+v^) is 1-15, preferably 1-11, more preferably 1-9.

[0037] Preferably, in the PFPE copolymer, the sum of (L+L^) is 1-500, preferably 2-500, more preferably 2-300.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the PFPE copolymer comprises first and second PFPE chains each having two chain ends, the first chain ends of said first and second PFPE chains comprising a perfluorinated alkyl group and the second chain ends of said first and second PFPE chains comprising - at least one block (2) satisfying formula (IV): -[(CR 1* R 2* CR 3* R 4* ) n* -(E) L ]- (IV) [In the formula, n* is an integer from 1 to 250, L is an integer from 1 to 250, The sum of n* and L is 1 to 250; R 1* and R 2* is a fluorine atom, R 3* and R 4* is a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR 200 are independently selected from R 200 is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or has the formula -CFOR 201 is a group of the formula R 201 is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; E is a compound of the formula -(CR 100^ R 101^ CR 102^ R 103^ )- group (In the formula, R 100^ and R 101^ are independently selected from halogen atoms, preferably fluorine or chlorine atoms; R 102^ and R 103^ is a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; —OR 200are independently selected from R 200 is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or has the formula -CFOR 201 is a group of the formula R 201 is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms. is]; and, - optionally at least one block (3) comprising a PFPE chain; are connected to each other via

[0039] The viscosity of the PFPE copolymer can be measured using different methods depending on the viscosity of the PFPE copolymer itself.

[0040] Preferably, the PFPE copolymer has a viscosity of 1,000 mm at 20° C. 2 / s, more preferably 2,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s, and even more preferably 3,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s.

[0041] Preferably, the PFPE copolymer has a viscosity of 5,000,000 mm at 20°C. 2 / s, more preferably less than 2,500,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s, and even more preferably less than 2,000,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s.

[0042] Preferably, the PFPE copolymer has a viscosity of 3,000 to 1,500,000 mm at 20°C. 2 / s, more preferably 3,500 to 1,000,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s, and even more preferably 4,000 to 950,000 mm at 20°C 2 / s viscosity.

[0043] The viscosity of the above PFPE copolymers according to the present invention has been measured at 25°C according to standard methods, such as ASTM D445, or by an Anton Paar MCR502 rheometer, a dynamic mechanical spectrometer equipped with 25 mm parallel plates at 1 rad / s and 25°C.

[0044] The PFPE copolymers can be prepared by known processes, for example as disclosed in WO 2008 / 065163 (SOLVAY SOLEXIS SPA), or by supercritical fluid fractionation.

[0045] More preferably, the PFPE copolymer is (a) - at least one (per)fluoropolyether polymer containing peroxide groups [PFPE peroxy]; of, at least one perfluorinated compound of formula (Xp): [ka] (In the formula, R 21 ~R 23 and R 31 ~R 33 each independently represents a fluorine atom, a perfluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 10 is an oxygen atom or a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally and preferably interrupted by and / or including at least one oxygen atom, t is 0 or 1, preferably 1; each of z* and z** is independently 1 or 2; and / or at least one compound [compound (O)], (i) hydrogenated or (per)halogenated olefins containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably ethylene (E), propylene (PP), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), and 1,1-difluoroethylene (VDF); (ii) CF2 = CFOR f (In the formula, R f is a C1-C6 (per)fluoroalkyl group, preferably -CF3, -C2F5, -C3F7 (hereinafter also referred to as "PAVE"); a group containing a catenary oxygen atom C1-C 12 [(per)fluoro]-oxyalkyl, preferably a perfluoro-2-propoxypropyl group (hereinafter also referred to as "perfluoro-oxy-alkyl-vinyl ether"); a group -CF2OR f2 (hereinafter also referred to as "perfluoro-methoxy-vinyl ether" or "MOVE"), and R f2 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 perfluoro-alkyl containing at least one catenary oxygen atom; C5-C6 cyclic perfluoro-alkyl, and C2-C6 perfluoro-oxy-alkyl, preferably R f2 is -CF2CF3(MOVE1), -CF2CF2OCF3(MOVE2), or -CF3(MOVE3); (iii) a perfluorodioxole having the formula: [ka] (In the formula, R f3 , R f4 , R f5 , R f6 are equal to or different from one another and are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl groups containing a fluorine atom and optionally one or more oxygen atoms, in particular -CF3, -C2F5, -C3F7, -OCF3, -OCF2CF2OCF3, etc. at least one compound [compound (O)] selected from the group comprising, and preferably consisting of: Contacting in the presence of UV radiation or under heat and (P) can be prepared by a process comprising the steps of: provided that the amount of the compound of formula (Xp) is less than 5% by weight of the amount of PFPE peroxy.

[0046] Optionally, a fluorination step may be carried out.

[0047] Preferably, the PFPE additive is a salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer comprising a (per)fluoropolyether chain [PFPE chain] and having two chain ends attached to opposite sides of the PFPE chain, at least one chain end being (i) an acid group selected from: -COO - ; [ka] (each salified with at least one inorganic metal salt or at least one organic group selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts); (ii) an ammonium group and at least one inorganic or organic counterion; and wherein the aryl group is a aryl group, and the aryl group is a aryl group.

[0048] Preferably, the PFPE additive is in an amount of at least 0.1 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP).

[0049] More preferably, the PFPE additive is in an amount of 0.1 to 20.0 wt. %, even more preferably 0.5 to 15 wt. %, and even more preferably 1.0 to 12 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP).

[0050] Preferably, in the PFPE additive (i), the acid group is a carboxylic acid group.

[0051] Such carboxylic acid groups may be salified with at least one inorganic metal salt or organic salt selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts.

[0052] Preferably, in the PFPE additive (i), the at least one inorganic metal salt is selected from alkali metals, more preferably, the alkali metals are selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, cesium, lithium, magnesium, and calcium.

[0053] Preferably, in the PFPE additive (i), the organic ammonium salt is represented by the formula: N + H(R 21 )(R 22 )(R 23 ) (In the formula, R 21 , R 22 , R 23 each of which is a straight or branched C1-C optionally containing at least one heteroatom, preferably —O— 20 aliphatic chains; or R 21 , R 22 , R 23 two of which together form a 5- or 6-membered aliphatic or aromatic ring, which optionally contains at least one heteroatom and / or is optionally substituted with at least one linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom preferably selected from -O- and -N-; R 21 , R 22 , R 23 (These three are as defined above) The following are selected from:

[0054] More preferably, the organic ammonium salt is selected from triethanolammonium, triethylammonium, pyridinium, trimethylammonium, tributylammonium, 1-methylimidazolium, di(ethyl)cyclohexyl-ammonium, benz-imidazolium, 1-benzylimidazolium.

[0055] Preferably, in the PFPE additive (ii), the ammonium group has the formula: §-N + (R 31 )(R 32 )(R 33 ) (In the formula, § indicates a bond to the (per)fluoropolyether backbone, R 31 , R 32 , R 33 each of which is a straight or branched C1-C optionally containing at least one heteroatom, preferably —O— 20 aliphatic chains; or R 31 , R 32 , R 33 two of which together form a 5- or 6-membered aliphatic or aromatic ring, which optionally contains at least one heteroatom and / or is optionally substituted with at least one linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and optionally containing at least one heteroatom preferably selected from -O- and -N-; R 31 , R 32 , R 33 (These three are as defined above) The following are selected from:

[0056] More preferably, the ammonium group is selected from di(methyl)benzyl-ammonium, di(methyl)octyl-ammonium, tri(methyl)ammonium, tri(butyl)ammonium, tri(tert-butyl)ammonium, di(cyclohexane)methylammonium, tri(pentyl)ammonium, di(ethyl)cyclohexylammonium, di-(butyl)methylammonium, di(ethyl)butyl-ammonium, 1-butyl-imidazolium, 1-methylimidazolium, 1-benzyl-imidazolium, benzimidazolium, pyridinium, pyridazinium, pyrimidinium, pyrazinium, 1,2,4-triazolium.

[0057] Preferably, in the PFPE additive (ii), the at least one inorganic or organic counterion is Br - , I - , Cl - , BF4 - , NO3 - , O.H. - , [(CF3SO2)2N] - , sulfonates and sulfates.

[0058] The sulfonates are preferably selected from the group comprising triflates, nonaflates, mesylates and tosylates.

[0059] Preferably, the PFPE chain of the PFPE additive (i) or (ii) is a partially or fully fluorinated chain [chain (R f )], and the repeating unit is (i) -CFXO- (wherein X is F or CF); (ii) -CFXCFXO- (wherein X, at each occurrence, is equal or different and is F or CF3, provided that at least one of X is -F); (iii) -CFCFCWO- (wherein each W is equal to or different from one another and is F, Cl, or H); (iv) -CF2CF2CF2CF2O-; (v) -(CF2) w -CFZ-O- (wherein w is an integer of 0 to 3, and Z is a group represented by the general formula -OR (f-a) -Y group, and R (f-a) is a fluoropolyoxyalkene chain containing 0 to 10 repeating units, said repeating units being selected from the following: -CFXO-, -CF2CFXO-, -CF2CF2CF2O-, -CF2CF2CF2CF2O-, each occurrence of X is independently F or CF3, and Y is a C1 to C3 perfluoroalkyl group. are independently selected from the group consisting of:

[0060] Preferably, the chain (R f ) is a function of the formula (R f -I) and (R f -II).

[0061] According to one embodiment, the PFPE additive (i) comprises a carboxyl group at one or both chain ends salified with at least one inorganic metal salt, wherein the at least one inorganic metal salt is as defined above.

[0062] Preferably, the PFPE additive comprises a carboxyl group at one or both chain ends salified with at least one organic ammonium salt, the at least one organic ammonium salt being as defined above.

[0063] More preferably, the PFPE additive comprises a chloride carboxyl group, as defined herein above, at one chain end and a neutral group at the other chain end.

[0064] Such a neutral group is preferably a fluorine atom or a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0065] According to this embodiment, the chain end containing an acidic group is connected to a group of formula (R f ) is preferably bonded to a (per)fluoropolyether skeleton satisfying the above condition.

[0066] The PFPE additive (i) can be prepared according to methods known in the art, for example according to the procedure disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,000,864 (in the name of Ausimont SpA).

[0067] According to another embodiment, the PFPE additive (ii) comprises an ammonium group and at least one inorganic or organic counterion at one or both chain ends.

[0068] Preferably, said ammonium group is as defined above.

[0069] Preferably, said at least one inorganic or organic counterion is as defined above.

[0070] According to this second embodiment, the chain end containing an ammonium group is connected to a group of formula (R f ) is preferably bonded to a (per)fluoropolyether skeleton satisfying the above condition.

[0071] Also, according to the second embodiment, the chain end containing the ammonium group is an alkoxylated chain [chain (R a ) is preferably bonded to the sigma bond or group (B1).

[0072] Preferably, the chain (R a ) is expressed by the following formula (R a-I )~(R a-III ): (R a-I ) -(OCH2CH2) j1 -H (R a-II ) -[OCH(CH3)CH2]j2-H (R a-III ) -[(OCH2CH2) j3 -(OCH(CH3)CH2) j4 ] j(x) -H (In the formula, j1 and j2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 10, more preferably an integer of 1 to 5; j3, j4, and j(x) are integers from 1 to 25, and the sum of j3 and j4 is from 2 to 50. Satisfy one of the following.

[0073] The PFPE additive (ii) can be prepared by methods known in the art, for example according to the method disclosed in WO 2022 / 078766 (Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA).

[0074] Preferably, the thickener has an average particle size (d ) of more than 1 μm, more preferably more than 2 μm, and even more preferably more than 3 μm, as measured as a volumetric particle size distribution by laser diffraction particle size analysis. 50 ) in the form of a powder.

[0075] Preferably, the thickener has a d of less than 15 μm, more preferably less than 12 μm, and even more preferably less than 10 μm, as measured by laser diffraction particle size analysis as a volume particle size distribution. 50 It is in the form of a powder having the formula:

[0076] Preferably, the thickener is a fluorinated polymer.

[0077] According to this embodiment, the fluorinated polymer is poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE).

[0078] Preferably, the thickening agent is an aromatic polymer.

[0079] According to this embodiment, said aromatic polymer has a melting point of at least 150°C.

[0080] Preferably, the aromatic polymer has a d in the range of more than 1 μm up to 15 μm as measured by laser diffraction particle size analysis as a volume particle size distribution. 50 , and 0.5 to 5 m 2 The powder is in the form of a powder with a surface area of ​​less than 1 / g (determined by gas adsorption using the BET method according to ISO 9277).

[0081] The at least one aromatic polymer is advantageously (a) Poly(arylene sulfide) (PAS) polymer; (b) poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) polymer; (c) poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) polymer; and (d) Poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) polymer and preferably selected from the group comprising:

[0082] Preferably, the (a) poly(arylene sulfide) (PAS) is a polymer comprising -(Ar-S)- repeating units, where Ar is an arylene group, also referred to herein as repeating units (RPA).

[0083] The arylene group of the PAS can be substituted or unsubstituted.

[0084] Additionally, the PAS can include any isomeric relationship of the sulfide linkages in the polymer; for example, when the arylene group is a phenylene group, the sulfide linkages can be ortho, meta, para, or combinations thereof.

[0085] Preferably, the PAS polymer comprises at least 5, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, at least 80, at least 90, at least 95, or at least 98 mole percent of repeating units (RPAs), based on the total number of moles in the PAS. According to one embodiment, the PAS consists essentially of repeating units (RPAs).

[0086] Preferably, the PAS polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(2,4-toluene sulfide), poly(4,4'-biphenylene sulfide), poly(para-phenylene sulfide) (PPS), poly(ortho-phenylene sulfide), poly(meta-phenylene sulfide), poly(xylene sulfide), poly(ethyl isopropyl phenylene sulfide), poly(tetramethylphenylene sulfide), poly(butylcyclohexylphenylene sulfide), poly(hexyldodecylphenylene sulfide), poly(octadecylphenylene sulfide), poly(phenylphenylene sulfide), poly-(tolylphenylene sulfide), poly(benzylphenylene sulfide), and poly[octyl-4-(3-methylcyclopentyl)phenylene sulfide].

[0087] More preferably, the PAS has formula I: [ka] It is a PPS containing a repeating unit represented by the formula:

[0088] Even more preferably, the PPS comprises at least 50 mole percent of repeat units of Formula I, based on the total number of moles in the PPS polymer, for example, at least about 60 mole percent, at least about 70 mole percent, at least about 80 mole percent, at least about 90 mole percent, at least about 95 mole percent, or at least about 99 mole percent of the repeat units in the PPS are repeat units of Formula I.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the PPS polymer is such that about 100 mole % of the repeat units are repeat units of Formula I. According to this embodiment, the PPS polymer consists essentially of repeat units of Formula I (RPP).

[0090] The PAS polymers of the present invention can be obtained by processes known in the art, see in particular WO 2015 / 095362 (Chevron Philips), WO 2015 / 177857 (Solvay) and WO 2016 / 079243 (Solvay).

[0091] Preferably, the (b) poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) polymer has the following formula (II): [ka] (In the formula, R and R' are equal to or different from each other and are H, -CH3, or -C6H5; n is an integer at least equal to 1) The repeating unit satisfies the following formula:

[0092] Preferably, the (c) poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) polymer is a polymer containing more than 50 mol % of repeating units (R-PAEK), and the repeating units (R-PAEK) are Ar-C(O)-Ar′ groups. wherein Ar and Ar' are equal to or different from each other and are aromatic groups.

[0093] In some embodiments, the poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) comprises at least 60 mol%, at least 70 mol%, at least 80 mol%, at least 90 mol%, at least 95 mol%, or at least 99 mol%, at least 99.5 mol%, or at least 99.9 mol% repeat units (R-PAEK). As used herein, mole % is relative to the total number of moles of repeat units in the poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK).

[0094] In some embodiments, the repeating unit (R-PAEK) has the following formulae (JA) to (JO) herein: [ka] [ka] [ka] [ka] (In the formula, each R' is equal to or different from one another and is selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, ether, thioether, carboxylic acid, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine, and quaternary ammonium; j' is an integer from 0 to 4. is selected from the group consisting of:

[0095] In the repeat unit (R-PAEK), each phenylene moiety may independently have a 1,2-, 1,4-, or 1,3-bond to other moieties in the repeat unit that are different from R'. Preferably, the phenylene moieties have a 1,3- or 1,4-bond, more preferably a 1,4-bond.

[0096] In some embodiments, j' in the repeat unit (R-PAEK) is 0 for each occurrence, i.e., there are no other substituents on the phenylene moiety other than the substituent that allows for attachment to the main chain of the polymer.

[0097] Therefore, preferred repeating units (R-PAEK) are represented by the following formulae (J'-A) to (J'-O) of the present specification: [ka] [ka] [ka] The following are selected from:

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) is polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

[0099] In this embodiment, the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has a repeating unit (R-PEEK) represented by either formula (JA) or (J'-A), and preferably, the repeating unit (R-PEEK) is represented by formula (J'-A).

[0100] According to one embodiment, composition (C) comprises a plurality of distinct poly(aryl ether ketone) polymers, each poly(aryl ether ketone) polymer having a distinct repeat unit (R-PAEK).

[0101] Preferably, in the (d) poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) polymer, at least 50 mol % of the repeating units are represented by formula (IV): [ka] (In the formula, (i) each R is equal to or different from one another and is selected from halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, ether, thioether, carboxylic acid, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine, and quaternary ammonium; (ii) each h is equal to or different from one another and is an integer ranging from 0 to 4; (iii) T is a bond or a sulfone group [—S(═O)—], and the group —C(Rj)(Rk)—, wherein Rj and Rk are equal to or different from each other and are selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, ether, thioether, carboxylic acid, ester, amide, imide, alkali or alkaline earth metal sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphonate, alkyl phosphonate, amine, and quaternary ammonium. is a repeating unit.

[0102] Preferably, Rj and Rk are each a methyl group.

[0103] Preferably, at least 60 mol%, 70 mol%, 80 mol%, 90 mol%, 95 mol%, 99 mol%, and most preferably all, of the repeat units in the poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) are repeat units of formula (IV). As used herein, mole % is based on the total number of moles of repeat units in the poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES).

[0104] In one embodiment, the poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) is poly(biphenyl ether sulfone). Poly(biphenyl ether sulfone) polymers are poly(aryl ether sulfones) containing biphenyl moieties. Poly(biphenyl ether sulfone), also known as polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), is obtained, for example, from the condensation of 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl (biphenol) with 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone.

[0105] As used herein, "poly(biphenyl ether sulfone) (PPSU)" refers to a polymer in which more than 50 mole percent of the repeating units are of formula (IV-A): [ka] The repeating unit (Rppsu) of the formula (Rppsu) is any polymer.

[0106] Preferably, at least 60 mol%, 70 mol%, 80 mol%, 90 mol%, 95 mol%, 99 mol%, and most preferably all, of the repeat units in the poly(biphenyl ether sulfone) (PPSU) are repeat units of formula (IV-A).

[0107] In one embodiment, the poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) is a polyether sulfone (PES).

[0108] As used herein, a "poly(ether sulfone) (PES)" refers to a polymer in which at least 50 mole percent of the repeating units are of formula (IV-B): [ka] The repeating unit of the polymer is any polymer having the repeating unit of the formula:

[0109] Preferably, at least 60 mol%, 70 mol%, 80 mol%, 90 mol%, 95 mol%, 99 mol%, and most preferably all, of the repeat units in the poly(ether sulfone) (PES) are repeat units of formula (IV-B).

[0110] In one embodiment, the poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) is a polysulfone (PSU). As used herein, "polysulfone (PSU)" refers to a poly(aryl ether sulfone) in which at least 50 mol % of the repeating units are of the formula (IV-C): [ka] The repeating unit of the polymer is any polymer having the repeating unit of the formula:

[0111] Preferably, at least 60 mol%, 70 mol%, 80 mol%, 90 mol%, 95 mol%, 99 mol%, and most preferably all, of the repeat units in the PSU are repeat units of formula (IV-C).

[0112] If required by the end use, the composition according to the invention (COMP) may contain at least one additional component, such as is commonly used in lubricant compositions.

[0113] Non-limiting examples of suitable additives include: rust inhibitors, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, pour point depressants, antiwear agents (including high pressure antiwear agents), tracers, rheology modifiers, corrosion inhibitors, pigments, dyes, and fillers.

[0114] Each of such at least one additional component may be present in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP).

[0115] It is preferred to produce a composition (COMP) containing PTFE as a filler, preferably in an amount of 5 to 45 wt.%, more preferably 10 to 40 wt.%, and even more preferably 20 to 30 wt.%, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP).

[0116] In a further object, the present invention relates to the use of said composition (COMP) as a lubricant for electrical components suitable for use in different applications and industries, in particular the automotive and electronics industries, including but not limited to electrical and electronic components such as electrical connectors, switchgear and circuit breakers.

[0117] In other words, the present invention relates to a method for lubricating at least one electrical or electronic component, preferably selected from electrical connectors, switchgears and circuit breakers, said method comprising applying to at least a part of such component a composition (COMP) as defined above.

[0118] In a still further object, the present invention relates to the use of said composition (COMP) as a lubricant for mechanical parts suitable for use in the automotive industry, particularly electric vehicles (EVs), including but not limited to ball bearings.

[0119] In other words, the present invention relates to a method for lubricating at least one mechanical part, preferably selected from ball bearings, said method comprising applying to at least a part of such part a composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

[0120] In a still further object, the present invention relates to the use of a composition according to the invention (COMP) for producing a grease.

[0121] In another object, the present invention relates to a grease comprising a composition according to the invention (COMP) and at least one other ingredient.

[0122] Such greases may be advantageously used as lubricants for electrical, electronic or mechanical components, examples of which are set out above and include, but are not limited to, electrical connectors, switchgear and circuit breakers, and ball bearings.

[0123] To the extent that the disclosure of any patents, patent applications, and publications incorporated herein by reference conflicts with the statements of this application to the extent that a term may be unclear, the statements of this application shall control.

[0124] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, the purpose of which is merely for illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. [Example]

[0125] material A base grease containing (amounts based on total weight of base grease): 70% by weight of Fomblin® PFPE M07 [neutral PFPE] (commercially available from Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA) with Mn=5400 as determined by NMR 30% by weight of Algoflon® L 203R PTFE with a particle size of 5 μm (commercially available from Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA) as a thickener

[0126] Base grease 2 containing the following (amounts based on total weight of base grease): 70% by weight of Fomblin® PFPE M30 as described above 30% by weight of PPS M1100 UFP (commercially available from Solvay Specialty Polymers USA, LLC.)

[0127] Rust prevention: Fomblin® DA306 (PFPE Y amide), available from Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA

[0128] Heat stabilizer: Fomblin® DA410 (difunctional linear PFPE), available from Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA

[0129] Graphite: TIMREX KS 6 GRAPHITE-1001 was obtained from Imerys.

[0130] Additives: ADD1:Formula-(CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) n - the triflate salt of a 1-butylimidazolium monofunctional PFPE having a backbone of - and having Mn=2520 g / mol as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. ADD2:Formula-(CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) n - the triflate salt of a 1-butylimidazolium monofunctional PFPE having a backbone of - and having Mn=4760 g / mol as determined by NMR. ADD3: A branched PFPE (functionality <0.5) containing carboxylate end groups salified with triethanolamine and having an Mn of approximately 5,000 as determined by NMR.

[0131] Comparative compositions and compositions according to the invention were prepared by mixing Base Oil 1 described above with the following components in the amounts detailed in Table 1:

[0132] [Table 1]

[0133] The compositions were evaluated in the tests reported in Table 2.

[0134] Comparative composition 3C(*) was not tested further because the presence of graphite particles caused phase separation under the harsh test conditions.

[0135] [Table 2]

[0136] Comparative compositions and compositions according to the invention were prepared by mixing Base Oil 2 described above with the following components in the amounts detailed in Table 3:

[0137] [Table 3]

[0138] The compositions were evaluated in the tests reported in Table 4.

[0139] [Table 4]

Claims

1. A composition [composition (COMP)] comprising: (A) (per)fluoropolyether polymer-based base oil [PFPE base oil]; (B) up to 20.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the composition (COMP) of at least one salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer [PFPE additive], comprising a (per)fluoropolyether polymer backbone and having two chain ends attached to opposite sides of said backbone, wherein at least one chain end is (i) an acid group selected from: -COO － ; 【Chemistry 1】 wherein each is salified with at least one inorganic metal salt or organic group selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts; (ii) an ammonium group and at least one inorganic or organic counterion; at least one salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer [PFPE additive] containing at least one group selected from (C) 0.1% to 35.0% by weight, preferably 1.0% to 32.0% by weight, of at least one thickener selected from fluorinated polymers and / or aromatic polymers, based on 100% by weight of the composition. A composition [composition (COMP)] comprising:

2. The PFPE base oil (A-I) A (per)fluoropolyether polymer [PFPE polymer] comprising a linear or branched (per)fluoropolyether chain [PFPE chain] and having two chain ends attached to opposite sites of said chain, wherein both chain ends comprise a linear or branched perfluorinated alkyl chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, said polymer having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 100,000, preferably 2,000 to 50,000, as measured by NMR; or (A-II) At least one block copolymer [PFPE copolymer] comprising first and second (per)fluoropolyether chains [PFPE chains] each having two chain ends, wherein the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise a perfluorinated alkyl group, and the second chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise a perfluorinated alkyl group. at least one first block [block (1)] satisfying formula (I): 【Chemistry 2】 [In the formula, n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 3; R １ ~R ４ are each independently a fluorine atom, a perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a group of formula (II): (().) .(() １０ ) ｔ [() １１ () １２ )?|() １３ () １４ () １５ ) ｚ and is selected from the group comprising, preferably consisting of: During the ceremony, R １０ is an oxygen atom or a divalent / trivalent / tetravalent perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by and / or including at least one oxygen atom; t is 0 or 1; z is an integer from 1 to 3; R １１ ~R １５ are each independently a fluorine atom, a perfluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a group of formula (III): -[(A^) ａ＾ -(B^) ｖ＾ -(E^) Ｌ＾ ] ｕ＾ -(C^)-T (III) and is selected from the group comprising, preferably consisting of: During the ceremony, a^ is 0 or 1, v^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 3, L^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, u^ is 0 or an integer from 1 to 50; A^ is a PFPE chain; B^ has the formula: -[C(R １＾ )(R ２＾ )-C(R ３＾ )(R ４＾ )]- Based on (In the formula, R １＾ ~R ４＾ are each independently R １ ~R ４ each of which has the meaning defined above; E^ is the formula -(CR １００＾ R １０１＾ CR １０２＾ R １０３＾ )- Based on (In the formula, R １００＾ and R １０１＾ are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; R １０２＾ and R １０３＾ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR ２００ and R ２００ is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or is of the formula -CF ２ OR ２０１ is a group of the formula R ２０１ is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; or R １００＾ and R １０１＾ One of the two and R １０２＾ and R １０３＾ is a fluorine atom, and R １００＾ and R １０１＾ The other and R １０２＾ and R １０３＾ and the other of (a) and (b) together form a perhalogenated ring having 4 to 6 members, optionally containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom; C^ is a PFPE chain; T is a perfluorinated alkyl group; at least one second block [block (2)] satisfying formula (IV): -[(CR １＊ R ２＊ CR ３＊ R ４＊ ) ｎ＊ -(E) Ｌ ]- (IV) (In the formula, n* is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, L is 0 or an integer from 1 to 250, the sum of n* and L is 0 or 1 to 250; R １＊ and R ２＊ are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; R ３＊ and R ４＊ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR ２００ and R ２００ is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or is of the formula -CF ２ OR ２０１ is a group of the formula R ２０１ is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; or R １＊ and R ２＊ One of the two and R ３＊ and R ４＊ is a fluorine atom, and R １＊ and R ２＊ The other and R ３＊ and R ４＊ together form a perhalogenated ring having 4 to 6 members, optionally containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom; E has the same meaning as given above for E^); - optionally at least a third block comprising a PFPE chain [block (3)] At least one block copolymer [PFPE copolymer] bonded to each other via selected from the group comprising: however, In the PFPE copolymer, -- at least one of n, n* and L is different from 0; -- said block (1), said block (2), and, if present, said block (3), are statistically distributed; In the formula (I), --R １ ~R ４ at least one of which is a group of formula (II) --R １１ or R １２ One of the two and R １３ ~R １５ one of which is a group of formula (III); In the formula (III) and the formula (IV), -- the repeat units are statistically distributed, In the formula (III), --provided that if a^ is 1, then at least one of v^ and L^ is different from 0; The composition (COMP) according to claim 1.

3. Each of said PFPE chains is a partially or fully fluorinated chain [chain (R ｆ ) ], and the repeating unit is (i) -CFXO- (wherein X is F or CF ３ ); (ii) -CFXCFXO-, where X is equal or different at each occurrence and is F or CF ３ with the proviso that at least one of X is -F; (iii)-CF ２ CF ２ CW ２ O- (wherein each W is equal to or different from one another and is F, Cl, H); (iv)-CF ２ CF ２ CF ２ CF ２ O-; (v)-(CF ２ ) ｗ -CFZ-O- (wherein w is an integer from 0 to 3, and Z is a group of the general formula -O-R （ｆ－ａ） -Y group, and R （ｆ－ａ） is a fluoropolyoxyalkene chain containing 0 to 10 repeating units, the repeating units being as follows: -CFXO-, -CF ２ CFXO-, -CF ２ CF ２ CF ２ O-, -CF ２ CF ２ CF ２ CF ２ O—, and each X is independently selected from F or CF ３ and Y is C １ ~C ３ perfluoroalkyl group) 3. The composition (COMP) of claim 2, independently selected from the group consisting of:

4. The PFPE copolymer has a viscosity of at least 1,000 mm as measured according to standard methods, such as ASTM D445 at 20°C, or by an Anton Paar MCR502 rheometer, a dynamic mechanical spectrometer equipped with 25 mm parallel plates at 0.1 rad / s and 25°C. ２ The composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having a viscosity of 1 / s.

5. In the PFPE copolymer, - the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprise perfluorinated linear alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and / or - the first PFPE chain is a sigma bond or -CF ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ - or -O-, and / or -(C)-, which is bonded to said block (1); and / or the second block (2) is a sigma bond or -CF ２ -, -CF ２ CF ２ - or -O-, and / or -(C)-, which is attached to the second PFPE chain; and / or - when both block (1) and block (2) are present, they are linked via a sigma bond; and / or the sum of (n+n*+v^) is from 1 to 15, preferably from 1 to 11, more preferably from 1 to 9; and / or A composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sum of (L+L^) is from 1 to 500, preferably from 2 to 500, more preferably from 2 to 300.

6. the PFPE copolymer comprises first and second PFPE chains each having two chain ends, the first chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprising a perfluorinated alkyl group, and the second chain ends of the first and second PFPE chains comprising at least one block (2) satisfying formula (IV): -[(CR １＊ R ２＊ CR ３＊ R ４＊ ) ｎ＊ -(E) Ｌ ]- (IV) [In the formula, n* is an integer from 1 to 250, L is an integer from 1 to 250, the sum of n* and L is 1 to 250; R １＊ and R ２＊ is a fluorine atom, R ３＊ and R ４＊ is a halogen atom, more preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; a linear or branched alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, and S; -OR ２００ and R ２００ is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or is of the formula -CF ２ OR ２０１ is a group of the formula R ２０１ is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms; E is a group represented by the formula -(CR １００＾ R １０１＾ CR １０２＾ R １０３＾ )- Based on (In the formula, R １００＾ and R １０１＾ are independently selected from halogen atoms, preferably fluorine or chlorine atoms; R １０２＾ and R １０３＾ is a halogen atom, preferably a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom; —OR ２００ and R ２００ is a linear or branched perfluorinated chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms or is of the formula -CF ２ OR ２０１ is a group of the formula R ２０１ is a perfluorinated alkyl chain containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen ether atoms. is]; and, - optionally at least one block (3) comprising a PFPE chain The composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hydroxyl groups are bonded to each other via

7. The PFPE additive is a salt of a (per)fluoropolyether polymer comprising a (per)fluoropolyether chain [PFPE chain] and having two chain ends attached to opposite sides of the PFPE chain, at least one chain end being (i) an acid group selected from: -COO － ; 【Transformation 3】 each salified with at least one inorganic metal salt or at least one organic group selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts; (ii) an ammonium group and at least one inorganic or organic counterion; The composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising at least one group selected from:

8. 8. Composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the PFPE additive is in an amount of at least 0.1 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP), and / or in an amount of 0.1 to 20.0 wt. %, even more preferably 0.5 to 15 wt. %, still more preferably 1.0 to 12 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition (COMP).

9. In the PFPE additive (i), the acid group is preferably - inorganic metal salts or - organic salts selected from ammonium salts and phosphonium salts The composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the carboxylic acid groups is salified.

10. In the PFPE additive (ii), the at least one inorganic or organic counterion is Br － , I － , Cl － , B.F. ４ － , NO ３ － , O.H. － , [(CF ３ SO ２ ) ２ N] － 10. A composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hydroxybenzoates are selected from the group comprising hydroxybenzoates, sulfonates and sulfates.

11. The thickener is - greater than 1 μm, as measured by laser diffraction particle size analysis as volume particle size distribution; and / or - Less than 15 μm as measured by laser diffraction particle size analysis as a volume particle size distribution The average particle size (d ５０ 11. The composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, in the form of a powder having a

12. Composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein said thickener is a fluorinated polymer, preferably poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE).

13. The thickener is an aromatic polymer, preferably (a) poly(arylene sulfide) (PAS) polymer; (b) poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) polymer; (c) poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) polymer; and (d) poly(aryl ether sulfone) (PAES) polymer; A composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, selected in the group comprising, preferably consisting of:

14. 14. A method for lubricating at least one electrical or electronic component, preferably selected from electrical connectors, switchgear and circuit breakers, comprising applying to at least a part of such component a composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A method for lubricating at least one mechanical part, preferably selected from ball bearings, comprising applying to at least a part of such part a composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. A grease comprising a composition (COMP) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and at least one other ingredient.

Images