Device for delivering liquid formulations to plant substrates - Patent Application 20070122997

Abstract

1. A device and method for operating the device, wherein the device is in the form of a tube having a lumen and first and second ends for delivering a liquid formulation to a plant substrate, the tube including a flow control element within the lumen that, upon contact with the liquid formulation, absorbs the liquid and expands to reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation from a portion of the lumen to the first end, and a closure at the first end, and wherein the device, when actuated by mechanically deforming the flow control element and inserting the first end of the tube into the plant substrate, allows the liquid formulation to flow from the portion of the lumen to the plant substrate.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a device in the form of a tube for delivering liquid formulations to a plant substrate, the flow rate of the liquid formulation being regulated. More specifically, the present invention can be used to deliver fertilizers or pesticides to potted plants. [Background technology]

[0002] Many owners of pot plants struggle to provide the care and attention that their potted plants require, which can result in poor plant health, such as wilting, browning, or even death.

[0003] It is known to provide plant feeders in the form of tubular devices filled with liquid means for plant nutrition / protection, the tubular arrangement being closed on both sides by membranes, with a reservoir formed by the tube and the membrane being filled with the liquid means for plant nutrition / protection (see for example WO 2012 / 091595 A2). Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Consumer demand remains high for plant feeding devices that provide the correct amount of water, nutrients and plant protection products to potted plants. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention provides a device in the form of a tube having a lumen and first and second ends for delivering a liquid formulation to a plant substrate, the tube including a flow control element within the lumen that, upon contact with the liquid formulation, absorbs the liquid and expands to reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation from a portion of the lumen to the first end, and a closure at the first end, and the device, when actuated by mechanically deforming the flow control element and inserting the first end of the tube into the plant substrate, allows the liquid formulation to flow from the portion of the lumen to the plant substrate.

[0006] In one embodiment, the tube includes a mixing element for mixing the liquid formulation within the tube if settling occurs upon standing.

[0007] In one embodiment, the tube includes an obstruction on the interior surface of the tube that protrudes into the lumen and reduces the flow rate of the liquid formulation.

[0008] In one embodiment, the tube includes an extendable portion having accordion ribs, and the flow control element is positioned in the extendable portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, the tube includes score lines between the first end and / or second end and the flow control element that structurally weaken the tube and allow the tube to be broken.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device includes a piercing element for actuating the device.

[0011] In one embodiment, the perforating element further conducts the liquid formulation to the plant substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the device includes a modification element on the exterior surface of the tube.

[0013] In one embodiment, the closure and / or flow control element is in the form of a cartridge that is inserted into the lumen of the tube at the first or second end.

[0014] In one embodiment, the flow control element is a hydrogel and / or an organic absorbent.

[0015] Preferably, the hydrogel is sodium polyacrylate and / or potassium polyacrylate.

[0016] In one embodiment, the liquid formulation, the flow control element and / or the modifying element are impregnated or coated with a fragrance or combination of fragrances.

[0017] In one embodiment, the tubes, flow control elements and / or perforating elements are prebiotics and / or the tubes are impregnated or coated with prebiotics.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method of operating a device according to the present invention, the method comprising mechanically deforming a portion of the closure and a portion of the flow control element to allow the liquid formulation to flow from a portion of the lumen to a plant substrate.

[0019] The invention also provides a computer program comprising computer executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to control an additive manufacturing apparatus to manufacture a device according to the invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] The tube of the device is shown. [Figure 2] 1 shows a flow control element of the device that expands to partially or completely fill the cross section of the lumen of the vessel. [Figure 3] 1 shows a flow control element of the device or a mixing element of the device that can move within the lumen of the vessel. [Figure 4] The flow control element of the device is shown in different configurations. [Figure 5] Indicates whether the tube of the device is single-walled, double-walled, or multi-walled. [Figure 6] 1 shows the device closure as a foil in different forms and the device closure as a membrane. [Figure 7] The closure of the device is shown to be a different form of plug that is inserted into the lumen of the tube. [Figure 8] It shows that the closure of the device is a different form of plug that is drawn around the tube at the end. [Figure 9] 1 shows a tube of the device, the walls of which are attached or welded to form a closure, the tube further including score lines. [Figure 10] 10 illustrates a method of operating the device using a piercing element. [Figure 11] It shows how a piercing element can be used to actuate the device by piercing the closure and flow control element. [Figure 12] 1 shows how the device can be actuated by applying pressure to the exterior surface of the tube. [Figure 13] 1 shows how the device is activated by breaking the tube at the score line. [Figure 14] 1 shows one end of the tube of the device, including the score lines. [Figure 15] 1 shows a perforating element capable of conducting a liquid formulation to a plant substrate. [Figure 16] 1 shows a modular assembly of a device using a connector. [Figure 17] 1 shows a device including modifying elements of different shapes and functions. [Figure 18] 1 shows a tube of the device containing a distortion or obstruction on the interior surface of the tube. [Figure 19] 1 shows a device made from a combination of opaque and transparent materials. [Figure 20] 1 shows different shapes of the device tube. [Figure 21] 1 shows a portion of the tube of the device that is extendable or twisted or includes decoration. [Figure 22] 10 illustrates a method of actuating a device that includes an extendable tube section by extending the extendable section. [Figure 23] 1 shows the cartridge of the device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] The device in the form of a tube 1 according to the present invention has a lumen 2 and first and second ends for delivering a liquid formulation 5 to a plant substrate, the tube 1 including a flow control element 6 within the lumen 2 that, upon contact with the liquid formulation 5, absorbs the liquid and expands to reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 to the first end, and a closure 3 at the first end, and the device, when actuated by mechanically deforming the flow control element 6 and inserting the first end of the tube 1 into the plant substrate, allows the liquid formulation 5 to flow from a portion of the lumen 2 to the plant substrate.

[0022] If it is necessary to deliver the liquid formulation 5 to multiple plants in a plant substrate simultaneously, the device should be positioned so that the liquid formulation 5 contacts the roots of each of the multiple plants in the plant substrate. Preferably, the plants are potted plants.

[0023] tube 1-3, a tube 1 according to the present invention has a lumen 2 and first and second ends, and includes a flow control element 6 and a closure 3 at the first end. The closure 3 is attached to the first end of the tube 1 by pressure using a device 4, and the materials are tightly bonded. The flow control element 6 is inserted into the tube 1 before the tube 1 is filled with a liquid formulation 5. The lumen 2 of the tube 1 is then filled with the liquid formulation 5, and the closure 3 is then attached to the second end of the tube 1 in the same procedure to form the device. Alternatively, the flow control element 6 can be inserted into the tube 1 at the same time that the lumen 2 of the tube 1 is filled with the liquid formulation 5, and the closure 3 is then attached to the second end of the tube 1 in the same procedure to form the device.

[0024] The tube 1 of the present invention can be of any size or shape that ensures the tube 1 is strong enough to safely handle the device, eliminates the possibility of clogging of the opening when placed in the substrate, and provides the required amount of liquid formulation 5 to one, two, or multiple plants in the plant substrate.

[0025] Preferably, the diameter of the tube 1 is less than 4 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 6 mm, less than 7 mm, less than 8 mm, less than 9 mm, less than 10 mm, less than 11 mm, less than 12 mm, less than 13 mm, less than 14 mm, less than 15 mm, less than 16 mm, less than 17 mm, less than 18 mm, less than 19 mm, less than 20 mm, less than 21 mm, less than 22 mm, less than 23 mm, less than 24 mm, less than 25 mm, less than 26 mm, less than 27 mm, less than 28 mm, less than 29 mm, less than 30 mm, less than 31 mm or less than 32 mm. Most preferably, the diameter of the tube 1 is less than 10 mm or less than 20 mm.

[0026] Preferably, the wall thickness of the tube 1 is less than 100 μm, less than 150 μm, less than 200 μm, less than 250 μm, less than 300 μm, less than 350 μm, less than 400 μm, less than 450 μm, less than 500 μm, less than 600 μm, less than 700 μm, less than 800 μm, less than 900 μm, less than 1 mm, less than 1.5 mm, less than 2 mm, less than 2.5 mm, less than 3 mm, less than 3.5 mm, less than 4 mm, less than 4.5 mm, less than 5 mm. Most preferably, the wall thickness of the tube 1 is less than 250 μm or less than 500 μm.

[0027] Preferably, the length of the tube 1 is less than 10cm, less than 20cm, less than 30cm, less than 40cm, less than 50cm, less than 60cm, less than 70cm, less than 80cm, less than 90cm, less than 100cm.

[0028] 5, the tube 1 can be single layer 1-1, double layer 1-2 or multi-layer 1-3. The tube 1 can include multiple layers of material, or the inner surface of the tube 1 can be treated with an impermeable layer or lined with an impermeable film or foil.

[0029] Tube 1 can be made from any natural or artificial material, such as wax, hollow tree stems, glass, grains, plastics, metals, paper polymers and biopolymers, plastics, polyolefins (including polyethylene and polypropylene), polystyrene, polyesters (including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified, polybutylene terephthalate, and polylactic acid), coex, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyacrylamide, fluoropolymers (including polytetrafluoroethylene), polyamides (including aramid fiber and nylon), polyoxymethylene, acrylic, carbon, coconut, pulp, seaweed, bamboo, cellulose, and / or other inorganic or organic, rapidly or slowly degradable materials. Because organic materials require greater strength, the wall thickness of tube 1 may need to be thicker than synthetic materials, but other parameters are the same. In another embodiment, the inner surface of the tube 1 that comes into contact with the liquid formulation 5 can be treated by coating, impregnating, or dipping a material with an impermeable layer, or the inner surface of the tube 1 that comes into contact with the liquid formulation 5 can be lined with an impermeable film or foil. As an example, when using a cardboard or wooden tube, the inner surface of the tube 1 that comes into contact with the liquid formulation 5 can be treated with an impermeable layer or lined with an impermeable film or foil to ensure its impermeability. In another embodiment, the outer surface of the tube 1 can be treated by coating, impregnating, or dipping a material with an impermeable layer, or the outer surface of the tube can be lined with an impermeable film or foil. In another embodiment, a tube made of an impermeable material can be inserted into another tube made of any material to form multi-layer tubes 1-3.

[0030] The choice of material for the tube 1 and / or coating may depend on the conditions required for storage of the liquid formulation 5 .

[0031] The material of the tube 1 and / or the coating on the inner surface of the tube 1 may also reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from part of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate.

[0032] The outer surface of the tube 1 can be adapted to suit the needs of press, marketing, design, functionality, plant protection, ecology, safety, user and legal requirements.

[0033] 18, 20, 21, and 22, the shape of tube 1 can vary depending on the desired flow rate of liquid formulation 5. Tube 1, or a portion of tube 1, can be bent, stretchable, twisted with accordion ribs, or straight, longer or shorter, wider or narrower, and the cross-sectional shape can have any shape, such as circular, oval, triangular, polygonal, or star-shaped. Tube 1, or a portion of tube 1, can have distortions in the shape of tubes 1-4 to facilitate positioning of flow control element 6. Preferably, the cross-section of tube 1 is circular.

[0034] 19, the tube 1 can have a variety of colors or color combinations and a variety of transparencies. This variety gives the device a wide range of possibilities regarding product storage, safety, efficiency, application, durability, and marketing.

[0035] Tube 1 may be made from transparent 1-7, translucent 1-7, and / or opaque 1-6 materials. In one embodiment, tube 1 may be made from a transparent or translucent material 1-7, or a portion of tube 1 may be made from a transparent or translucent material 1-7, thereby allowing a user to view the level of liquid formulation 5 within lumen 2 of tube 1. In another embodiment, tube 1 may be made from an opaque material 1-6, thereby preventing sunlight or other light sources from entering lumen 2 of tube 1, thereby protecting liquid formulation 5 if it is photolabile.

[0036] For liquid formulations 5 that are light-sensitive and / or heat-stable formulations, it is preferred to use darker shades of black, grey, brown, blue, purple or red, whereas for liquid formulations 5 that are light-stable and / or heat-labile, lighter shades or more reflective colors are preferred.

[0037] The color of the device can also act as an insect attractant and / or repellent. For example, yellow and orange are most attractive to a variety of insects that are harmful to plants but repel flies, while blue attracts flies and repels mosquitoes. Other colors, such as blue, red, green, white, etc., can be applied to the exterior of the device depending on the target insect.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, tube 1 further comprises a mixing element 7 for mixing the liquid formulation 5 in tube 1 if settling occurs upon standing. Mixing element 7 is preferably an inert material.

[0039] The inert material may be made from any inert material, such as sand, bentonite, glass, kaolin, clay, talc, other natural materials and / or plastics and other polymers with similar properties.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tube 1 further comprises a porous material 9 .

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tube 1 is a prebiotic for microorganisms or the tube 1 is impregnated or coated with a prebiotic, which allows microorganisms to utilize this type of tube 1 as a nutrient source, thereby extending the usefulness and / or shelf life of the device. When the liquid formulation 5 flows through a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube into the plant substrate, the prebiotic provides nutrients to the microflora present in the plant substrate, thereby influencing the regeneration and durability of the substrate.

[0042] 18 , in one embodiment of the present invention, tube 1 may include obstructions 1-5 on the inner surface of tube 1 that protrude into lumen 2 and reduce the flow rate of liquid formulation 5. The ends of tube 1 may be sealed with closures 3, which may form channels around obstructions 1-5 and reduce the flow rate of liquid formulation 5.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 22, in one embodiment of the present invention, the tube 1 may further include an extendable section 1-8 having accordion ribs, and the flow control element 6 is positioned within the extendable section 1-8.

[0044] Referring to Figure 9, in one embodiment of the present invention, the tube 1 further includes a score line 8 or multiple score lines 8 between the first end and / or second end and the flow control element 6 that structurally weakens the tube 1 and enables the tube 1 to be broken.

[0045] 23 , in one embodiment of the invention, the closure 3 and / or flow control element 6 are contained within a cartridge 18 that is inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 at the first and / or second end. In embodiments in which the cartridge 18 does not include the closure 3 and includes only the flow control element 6, insertion of the cartridge 18 actuates the device by breaking the closure 3 at the end of the tube 1, thereby allowing the liquid formulation 5 to flow from a portion of the lumen 2 through the cartridge 18 and into the plant substrate. When the cartridge 10 includes the closure 3 and the flow control element, the cartridge 18 may function as a fastener for the first and / or second end of the tube 1.

[0046] The cartridge 18 may further include a porous material 9 so that the porous material 9 does not shrink when inserted into the tube 1.

[0047] The cartridge 18 may aid in modular assembly of the tube 1 .

[0048] An advantage of the cartridge 18 is that it can be prepared so that it can be pushed deep through the tube 1 with minimal pressure. The cartridge 18 provides strength to the device and supports its continuity.

[0049] Referring to Figure 16, in a further embodiment of the present invention, the device comprises a modular assembly of tubes 1 using connectors 11. The tubes 1 can be assembled together using single-legged or multi-legged connectors 11. The connectors 11 can include perforating elements 10 on one or both sides to conduct the liquid formulation 5 from the upper tube 1 to the lower tube 1. The connectors 11 can not only facilitate the installation of the device, but can also serve to support plant growth. The connectors 11 can also be used for decorative effects.

[0050] Flow Control Elements 2-4, the tube 1 of the present invention includes a flow control element 6 within the lumen 2, which, upon contact with the liquid formulation 5, absorbs the liquid and expands to reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 to the first end. Preferably, when the tube 1 is filled with the liquid formulation 5, the flow control element 6 begins to expand upon contact with the liquid formulation 5. In one embodiment, the flow control element 6 expands to partially fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1. In another embodiment, the flow control element 6 expands to completely fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1.

[0051] Preferably, the flow control element 6 is positioned within the lumen 2 adjacent the first and / or second ends of the tube 1 .

[0052] Preferably, the flow control element 6 retains the liquid formulation 5 but does not filter the active ingredient of the liquid formulation 5 to an extent that significantly reduces its concentration or diminishes its effect.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 3 , in embodiments of the present invention where the flow control element 6 has a low expansion capacity and expands to partially fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1, the flow control element 6 may move within the lumen 2 of the tube 1, reducing the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from part of the lumen 2 to the first end and / or allowing the liquid formulation 5 to mix within the tube 1 if settling occurs upon standing.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 2, in embodiments of the present invention in which the flow control element 6 expands to completely fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1, the flow control element 6 may further prevent uncontrolled leakage of liquid from the device when the device is activated.

[0055] In one embodiment, the device of the present invention comprises two or more flow control elements 6, three or more flow control elements 6, four or more flow control elements 6, five or more flow control elements 6, or six or more flow control elements 6.

[0056] The one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, or five or more flow control elements 6 may have the same or different characteristics and sizes.

[0057] The flow control element 6 can be made from any hydrophilic and hydrophobic material, such as natural and / or synthetic polymers, sodium and potassium polyacrylate, gelatin, agar, starch, cellulose, nanomaterials, wax sand, various mineral sands, bentonite, kaolin, clay, talc, plastics, sponges, fibers, and / or organic components of plant or animal origin. The flow control element 6 can also include other materials with low expansion and powdered or inert materials.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow control element 6 is a hydrogel and / or an organic absorbent.

[0059] Hydrogels may be made from one or more natural polymers, synthetic monomers and / or synthetic polymers.

[0060] Hydrogels can be made from natural polymers such as sodium alginate, cellulose, bacterial nanocellulose, gelatin (type A and type B) and other proteins, starch, chitin, chitosan, D-glucose, glucomannan, galactomannan, agar hyaluronic acid, heparin, fibrin, pectin, natural gums, gum arabic, β-glucan or others or their derivatives.

[0061] The hydrogel may be made from synthetic polymers such as acrylic polymers, vinyl polymers, poly(ethylene glycol), polyhydroxyalkanoates, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyurethane, poly(propylene glycol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, acrylate polymers or others or copolymers thereof. Most preferably, the hydrogel is sodium polyacrylate and / or potassium polyacrylate.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow control elements 6 are microbial prebiotics, which may extend the usefulness and / or shelf life of the device by allowing the microorganisms to utilize this type of flow control element 6 as a nutrient source. As the liquid formulation 5 flows from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate, the prebiotics provide nutrients to the microflora present in the plant substrate, thereby affecting the regeneration and durability of the substrate.

[0063] The organic absorber may be made from any material such as gelatin, agar, starch, cellulose, nanomaterials, wax sand, various mineral sands, bentonite, kaolin, clay, talc and others, plastic particles, sponge and / or fibers.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 4 , the flow control element 6 can be provided in a variety of forms or shapes. Preferably, the flow control element 6 is provided as a pre-formed shape, such as a sphere, cube, cylinder, ellipsoid, triangle, square, cone, and the like, as well as a star shape. Most preferably, the flow control element 6 is spherical. In another embodiment, the flow control element 6 is provided as an undefined shape. In another embodiment, the flow control element 6 is provided in a gel-like form. The flow control element 6 in its gel-like form can then be injected into the lumen 2 of the tube 1. The flow control element 6 can then be inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 near or adjacent to the first end of the tube 1. After insertion, the flow control element 6 can remain attached to the inner surface of the tube 1 and, upon contact with the liquid formulation 5, absorb the liquid and expand to partially or completely fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1.

[0065] The advantage of employing an expanding flow control element 6, compared to elements such as filters and similar porous materials having defined dimensions, is that upon contact with the liquid formulation 5, the flow control element 6 absorbs the liquid and expands to partially or completely fill the lumen 2 of the tube 1. Thus, flow control elements 6 of various forms or shapes can be used, including tubes 1 with any cross-section, such as circular, oval, triangular, polygonal, or star-shaped.

[0066] The dimensions of the flow control element 6 depend on the characteristics of the liquid formulation 5 to be filled into the device and the amount of liquid that the flow control element 6 can absorb. The diameter of the flow control element 6 before expansion is preferably less than 0.5 mm, less than 1 mm, less than 1.5 mm, less than 2 mm, less than 2.5 mm, less than 3 mm, less than 3.5 mm, less than 4 mm, less than 4.5 mm, less than 5 mm, less than 10 mm, less than 15 mm, less than 20 mm, less than 25 mm, or less than 30 mm. For example, if the diameter of the tube 1 is 10 mm or less, the diameter of the flow control element 6 is less than 3.5 mm. Preferably, the diameter of the flow control element 6 is between 1 mm and 3 mm, particularly between 1 mm and 2.5 mm. For another example, if the diameter of the tube 1 of the present invention is greater than 10 mm, the diameter of the flow control element 6 is greater than 2.5 mm. After expansion, the dimensions of the flow control element 6 increase, so that the flow control element 6 partially or completely fills the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1. In embodiments in which the flow control element 6 expands to completely fill the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1, the diameter of the expanded flow control element 6 is the same as the diameter of the cross-section of the lumen 2 of the tube 1. The flow control element 6 may then expand further, increasing in size along the length of the lumen 2 of the tube 1.

[0067] The flow control element 6 can have any color.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 17 , in another embodiment, the flow control element 6 can be impregnated or coated with a fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16. The fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16 can function as an attractant, a repellent, and / or a room deodorizer. The fragrance 16 can be artificial and / or natural. For example, the fragrance 16 can refresh a space through evaporation from a plant substrate. As another example, the fragrance 16 can be an essential oil, which, depending on the type, can stimulate the immune system or eliminate pathogens and pests, but does not necessarily have a stimulating effect. Various volatile compounds derived from microorganisms and botanical turpentine have a significant effect on plants or organisms that can affect them. As another example, the fragrance 16 can function as a repellent for pets, such as dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, or other animals. Placing multiple devices around a home can keep pets away from plants, furniture, etc., preventing them from defecating on or damaging them. Fragrances 16 are optionally incorporated into the flow control element 6 during manufacture.

[0069] closure 6-9, the tube 1 of the present invention includes a closure 3 at a first end. The tube 1 may further include a closure 3 at a second end.

[0070] The closure 3 at the first or second end can be a foil 3-1, a membrane 3-2, a cap, a plug 3-3 inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1, and / or a plug 3-4 drawn around the tube 1 at the end. Alternatively, the walls of the first or second end of the tube 1 can be connected by applying external pressure to the walls of the tube 1, or can be joined by ultrasound, heat, and / or adhesives, or welded to form a closure 3-5. Alternatively, the end of the tube 1 can be sealed 3-6. The closure 3 must ensure a hermetic seal at the end of the tube 1. The closure 3 must withstand pressure due to mechanical pressure on the device and pressure buildup within the tube 1 resulting from the contents of the tube 1. Pressure buildup on the closure 3 results from mechanical pressure on the tube 1, biological, chemical, and biochemical effects due to reaction processes between the contents and elements within the tube 1, as well as temperature effects and the amount of air within the tube 1. Therefore, the materials of the closure 3 and the tube 1 must be compatible with each other to prevent leakage due to pressure buildup. The material of the tube 1 needs to be compatible with the closure 3 to ensure a reliable seal. Therefore, the type of closure 3 may also depend on the intended material of the tube 1. Preferably, the type of closure 3 is one that represents the solution that the user can most easily apply.

[0071] The closure 3 can be single layer, double layer or multi-layer.

[0072] The closure 3 may be coated with a waterproof protective layer.

[0073] The closure 3 can be impermeable, permeable, or vapor-permeable. An impermeable closure 3 does not allow liquid or air to pass through. A permeable closure 3 includes a material with holes of a diameter that allows liquid and air to pass through. A vapor-permeable closure 3 includes a material with holes that do not allow liquid to pass through but allow air to pass through. A permeable or vapor-permeable closure 3 can include an impermeable outer layer that can be removed to activate the device and allow air and / or liquid to pass into or out of a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1. The function of the permeable or vapor-permeable closure 3 can depend on the number and size of the holes. A permeable closure 3 at the first end can reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1 to the plant substrate. A vapor-permeable and permeable closure 3 at the second end can reduce the rate of air entering the lumen 2 at the second end of the tube 1, thereby reducing the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 to the plant substrate.

[0074] A permeable or vapor-permeable closure 3 has the advantage that if the liquid formulation 5 of fertilizers and pesticides may build up pressure, this pressure can be released through holes in the closure 3 .

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the closure 3 is a vapor-permeable or permeable film 3-1, membrane 3-2, plug 3-3 inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 or a plug 3-4 drawn around the tube 1 at its end. The vapor-permeable or permeable membrane 3-2 can be attached to the tube 1 by adhesive, by welding, i.e., by joining and fusing the two materials, and by fitting a removable cover with the membrane 3-2 built in.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 6, a closure 3 in the form of a foil 3-1 can be attached to the first or second end of a tube 1 by pressing the foil 3-1 against the opening of the tube 1 and adhering it to the device. Alternatively, the closure 3 in the form of a foil 3-1 can be attached to the first or second end of a tube 1 by heating the foil 3-1 with a heater, ultrasound, adhesive, or other methods. Both methods result in adhesion or melting of adjacent materials, i.e., adhesion when surfaces are joined. In some embodiments, the closure 3 is made of the same material as the tube 1. In some embodiments, the closure 3 is multi-layered and made of a material compatible with the material of the tube 1. Preferably, the foil 3-1 is made of aluminum, aluminum-polyethylene, or polypropylene. By way of example, if the tube 1 is made of plastic, the closure 3 is preferably an impermeable, compatible, bi- or multi-layer foil 3-1.2 that is tightly bonded to the device when melted. Alternatively, the closure 3 can be an impermeable, single-layer foil 3-1.1. To activate the device, the closure 3 can be pierced using the piercing element 10. Alternatively, the foil can be a vapor-permeable foil 3-1.3 with holes of a diameter that allow only air to pass through. The vapor-permeable foil 3-1.3 can include a conformable adhesive layer and / or an impermeable outer layer that can be removed to activate the device and allow the passage of air into a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1. Alternatively, the foil can be a permeable foil 3-1.4 with holes of a diameter that allows the passage of liquid and air. The permeable foil 3-1.4 can include a conformable adhesive layer and / or an impermeable outer layer that can be removed to activate the device and allow the passage of air and / or liquid into or out of a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1.

[0077] 6, the closure 3 may be in the form of a membrane 3-2. Preferably, the closure 3 may be a vapor-permeable membrane 3-2 used for controlled air leakage into a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1, and includes an outer layer that can be removed to activate the device.

[0078] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, a closure 3 in the form of a plug 3-3 can be inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 at the first or second end, or a plug 3-4 can be drawn around the tube 1 at the first or second end. The plug 3-3 or plug 3-4 can additionally use a coating that can ensure or assist in the airtight closure 3 due to its shape, which is particularly important for packaging tubes 1 whose manufacturing does not require precision machining. Preferably, the plug 3-3 or plug 3-4 is conical. The plug 3-3 can be a solid cross-section or a hollow structure that is inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 at the first or second end. The plug 3-3 can be impermeable 3-3.1, vapor-permeable 3-3.2, or vapor-permeable 3-3.3. Alternatively, the plug 3-4 may be a cone-shaped hollow plug whose walls taper toward the top to fit into the tube 1, and which is drawn around the tube 1 at the first or second end. The plug 3-4 may be impermeable 3-4.1, vapor-permeable 3-4.2, or permeable 3-4.3. The hollow plug 3-3 or plug 3-4 has the advantage that it can be compressed during insertion without bursting the tube 1, such as a thin-walled plastic tube. The vapor-permeable or permeable plug 3-3 or plug 3-4 may further include an impermeable outer layer that can be removed to activate the device and allow the passage of air or liquid into a portion of the lumen 2 of the tube 1.

[0079] 9 , closures 3-5 at the ends of tube 1 may be formed when the walls of tube 1 are connected by applying external pressure to the walls of tube 1, or are attached by ultrasound, heat, and / or adhesives, or are welded. In this embodiment, tube 1 may include scorelines 8 and / or porous material 9 between the first end and flow control element 6 to structurally weaken tube 1 and allow it to be broken. Additionally or alternatively, tube 1 may include scorelines 8 between the second end and flow control element 6 to structurally weaken tube 1 and allow it to be broken. Tube 1 may include two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, six or more, seven or more, eight or more, nine or more, ten or more, or eleven or more scorelines 8.

[0080] Depending on the selection of the closure 3 and / or the method of actuation, when the device is actuated, the remaining portion of the closure 3 may reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 to the first end.

[0081] Perforation elements Referring to Figure 10, in one embodiment of the present invention, the device includes a piercing element 10, and the device is operated by using the piercing element 10 to pierce the closure 3 and flow control element 6 at a first end of the tube 1, inserting the first end of the tube 1 into a plant substrate, and then using the piercing element 10 to pierce the closure 3 and / or the flow control element 6 at a second end of the tube 1 to allow the liquid formulation 5 to flow in a controlled manner from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate.

[0082] 11, piercing element 10 is used to pierce flow control element 6-1, disrupting its polymeric structure and fragmenting flow control element 6-2, thereby forming cracks in flow control element 6-2 and allowing liquid formulation 5 to flow through.

[0083] The piercing element 10 may be inserted into the end of the device during actuation or may be pre-installed in the device.

[0084] The perforating element 10 can have any shape. Preferably, the perforating element 10 has a pointed shape, but can be adapted for multiple applications. Most preferably, the perforating element 10 is in the form of a toothpick. The length of the perforating element 10 is preferably set so that the expanded closure 3 and the flow control element 6 are simultaneously perforated. The diameter of the perforating element 10 can be adapted depending on the type of closure 3 and the diameter of the tube 1. Preferably, the perforating element 10 is used in an embodiment in which the closure is made of foil 3-1. As shown in FIG. 11 , when the perforating element 10 is used to perforate the foil closure 3-1, the diameter of the perforating element 10 can be set so as not to remove the foil 3-1 from the entire diameter of the end of the tube 1. Instead, when the perforating element 10 is used to perforate the foil closure 3-1, an annular portion of the foil 3-1 of the closure 3 remains at the end of the tube 1. The remaining portion of the closure 3 can prevent a cracked flow control element 6-2 from falling out of the tube 1. The remaining portion of the closure 3 may also reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 from a portion of the lumen 2 to the first end.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the piercing element 10 may be part of a case, preferably in the form of a cap, with the piercing element 10 housed within the cap, which may limit potential contact between the user and the liquid formulation 5 when the piercing element 10 is used to actuate the device.

[0086] Referring to Figure 15, the perforating element 10 may have the ability to direct the liquid formulation 5 into the plant substrate by capillary action or other means when the end of the tube 1 in which the perforating element 10 is positioned is inserted into the plant substrate.

[0087] The perforating element 10 can strengthen the device, making it easier for the user to insert the end of the tube 1 on which the perforating element 10 is positioned into the plant substrate, and making it easier for the user to position the device at a desired angle.

[0088] The perforating element 10 can be made from any material. Preferably, the perforating element 10 is made from starch, grain, pasta, spaghetti, bamboo, seaweed, coconut, other organic components, wood, metal, plastic, natural or artificial polymers, and / or compressed fibers such as those used in felt-tip pens. When using these materials, the perforating element 10 can be left in the plant substrate to act as an organic fertilizer, repellent, and / or food for any microorganisms present.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present invention, the perforating elements 10 are microbial prebiotics. These prebiotics may extend the shelf life of the device by allowing microorganisms to consume this type of perforating element 10 as a nutrient source. The prebiotics may also extend the usable life of the device after it has been emptied. When the liquid formulation 5 flows from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate, the prebiotics provide a nutrient source for the microflora present in the plant substrate, thereby influencing the regeneration and durability of the substrate.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, the perforating element 10 may function as a repellent to soil pests.

[0091] Modification elements 17 and 21, in one embodiment of the present invention, the device includes a modifying element on the outer surface of the tube 1.

[0092] The modification elements can be adhesive 12, stickers 12, paper 12, foil 12, flags 13, light sources 14, sound sources 15, power sources and / or decorations 17. The modification elements can be used alone or can be combined to achieve a more desirable effect.

[0093] The adhesive 12 may serve to passivate insects that are harmful to plants or humans upon contact. Such insects are typically peat and other flies, wasps, moths, fleas, mosquitoes, gnats, etc. The adhesive 12 may be applied directly to the outer surface of the pipe 1 or to a sticker 12 that is placed on the outer surface of the pipe 1.

[0094] Light source 14 may be disposed on the exterior of tube 1 to act as an attractant and / or repellent for insects and / or pets and other animals. Light source 14 may come in a variety of forms or characteristics, such as size, shape, color, and intensity, and may be a constant or flashing light, which may be varied depending on the desired outcome. Light source 14 may be solar-powered and / or include a constant, rechargeable current source, which may increase the effectiveness of the device, especially at night, while minimizing illumination of the space. Light source 14 may further incorporate a sensor that detects and activates the movement of such insects, pets or other animals, and / or people.

[0095] A sound source 15 may be disposed on the exterior of the tube 1 to act as an attractant and / or repellent to insects and / or pets or other animals. The sound source 15 may be a flashing and / or continuous sound at low, high or ultrasonic frequencies and may incorporate a sensor that is activated by the movement of such insects and / or pets or other animals. Preferably, the sound source 15 is ultrasonic.

[0096] A power source may be placed on the exterior of the tube 1 to act as an attractant and / or repellent to insects and / or pets or other animals and / or to kill insects. The power source is designed to either emit a spark to kill insects or to stimulate pets if they come into contact with the device.

[0097] The modification element may be immersed or impregnated with a fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16. The fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16 may function as an attractant and / or repellent for insects and / or as a room deodorizer. The fragrance 16 may be artificial and / or natural. For example, the fragrance 16 may refresh a space through evaporation from a plant substrate. As another example, the fragrance 16 may be an essential oil, which, depending on the type, may stimulate the immune system or eliminate pathogens and pests, but does not necessarily have a stimulating effect. As another example, the fragrance 16 may function as a repellent for pets such as dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, or other animals. Placing multiple devices in a home may prevent pets from approaching, defecating on, or damaging plants or furniture. The fragrance 16 is compounded into the modification element as needed during manufacturing.

[0098] In another embodiment, the modification element may be soaked or impregnated with a nutrient substance or combination of nutrient substances that may act as an attractant and / or repellent for insects or support the survival of insect pathogens. The nutrient substance may be an artificial and / or natural substance, such as alcohol, yeast, fruit scent, sugar water, honey, nectar, pheromones, or other substances.

[0099] The use of a combination of modifying elements on the exterior of the tube 1, such as modifying elements impregnated with aromatic or nutrient substances 16 and appropriately colored light sources 14 or sound sources 15, contributes to the efficient operation of the device and to protecting the plants within the plant substrate from harmful insects. The same principle can also be applied to mosquitoes, which often hide in flowers. The device of the present invention does not need to nourish the flowers and can be used solely for plant protection purposes.

[0100] The modification elements can be a variety of colors or combinations of colors. The colors can act as attractants and / or repellents to insects. For example, yellow and orange may be most attractive to a variety of insects that are harmful to plants but repel flies, while blue attracts flies and repels mosquitoes. Other colors such as blue, red, green, white, etc. can be applied to the outside of the device depending on the insects being targeted.

[0101] A modification element attached to the outer surface of tube 1 by pressure or heat can affect the shape and deformation of the inner wall surface of tube 1. This can result in a change in the diameter of tube 1, which can increase or decrease the flow rate of liquid formulation 5 from a portion of lumen 2 into the plant substrate. Depending on the material from which the device is made, the modification element can be attached to the outer surface of tube 1 by pressure, with or without heat, or ultrasonically attached while being molded and / or bonded with high friction. The modification element can be attached anywhere on the device; if attached to the first or second end of tube 1, the narrowing of the diameter of tube 1 should be limited to prevent easy clogging when the device is inserted into the plant substrate. The deformation of tube 1 during attachment of the modification element can serve to hold flow control element 6 in a specific position within lumen 2 of tube 1.

[0102] Liquid formulations The liquid formulation 5 of the present invention is a fertilizer, pesticide and / or fragrance 16 .

[0103] The fertilizer may be any suitable material, such as an organic fertilizer, an inorganic fertilizer, an organic-inorganic fertilizer, a plant strengthener, a plant stimulant, a plant hormone, a microbial fertilizer, a microbial metabolite, a biofertilizer, an enzyme, a soil conditioner and / or an essential oil.

[0104] The pesticide can be any suitable material, such as a biological pesticide, a microbial pesticide, a synthetic pesticide, an organic pesticide, an adjuvant, a disinfectant, hydrogen peroxide and / or liquid ozone, etc. For example, the pesticide can be an arthropod, an insect and / or a nematode.

[0105] The fragrance 16 can be any substance such as an essential oil, a pheromone, a microbial volatile organic compound (MVOC), a volatile organic compound (VOC), and / or a synthetic fragrance.

[0106] The concentration of fertilizer will depend on the application, but preferably the concentration of fertilizer used in the device is such that its direct application does not cause wilting of the plants to which it is applied.

[0107] Preferably, the liquid formulation 5 is in a ready-to-use concentration.

[0108] Preferably, the concentration of liquid formulation 5 is less than 100 ml per liter, less than 90 ml per liter, less than 80 ml per liter, less than 70 ml per liter, less than 60 ml per liter, less than 50 ml per liter, less than 40 ml per liter, less than 30 ml per liter, less than 20 ml per liter, less than 10 ml per liter, less than 9 ml per liter, less than 8 ml per liter, less than 7 ml per liter, less than 6 ml per liter, less than 5 ml per liter, less than 4 ml per liter, less than 3 ml per liter, less than 2 ml per liter, less than 1 ml per liter, less than 0.9 ml per liter, less than 0.8 ml per liter, less than 0.7 ml per liter, less than 0.6 ml per liter, less than 0.5 ml per liter, less than 0.4 ml per liter, less than 0.3 ml per liter, less than 0.2 ml per liter or less than 0.1 ml per liter. Preferably, the fertilizer concentration is between 0.5 ml per liter and 10 ml per liter. Higher dilutions can be used for plant hormones, some vitamins, and other highly reactive metabolites and products.

[0109] Preferably, the concentration of active ingredient in the liquid formulation 5 is less than 100g per liter, less than 90g per liter, less than 80g per liter, less than 70g per liter, less than 60g per liter, less than 50g per liter, less than 40g per liter, less than 30g per liter, less than 20g per liter, less than 10g per liter, less than 9g per liter, less than 8g per liter, less than 7g per liter, less than 6g per liter, less than 5g per liter, less than 4g per liter, less than 3g per liter, less than 2g per liter, less than 1g per liter, less than 0.9g per liter, less than 0.8g per liter, less than 0.7g per liter, less than 0.6g per liter, less than 0.5g per liter, less than 0.4g per liter, less than 0.3g per liter, less than 0.2g per liter, less than 0.1g per liter. Preferably, the fertilizer concentration is between 0.5 grams per liter and 10 grams per liter. Higher concentrations can be used for plant hormones, some vitamins, and other highly reactive metabolites and products.

[0110] Preferably, the concentration of liquid formulation 5 in the device is such that its direct application does not cause wilting of the plants to which it is applied. Depending on the concentration of liquid formulation 5 and the need for formulation of different plants, the release rate of the device can be adjusted, thereby avoiding possible damage to the plants.

[0111] Referring to FIG. 17 , in one embodiment, the liquid formulation 5 may be a fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16. In another embodiment, the liquid formulation 5 in the form of a fertilizer or insecticide may be impregnated with the fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16. The fragrance 16 or a combination of fragrances 16 may function as an attractant, a repellent, and / or a room deodorizer. The fragrance 16 may be artificial and / or natural. For example, the fragrance 16 may refresh a space through the evaporation process from a plant substrate. As another example, the fragrance 16 may be an essential oil, which, depending on the type, may stimulate the immune system or eliminate pathogens and pests, but does not necessarily have a stimulating effect. As another example, the fragrance 16 may function as a repellent for pets such as dogs, cats, rats, rabbits, or other animals. Placing multiple devices in a home may prevent pets from accessing plants, furniture, etc., and preventing them from defecating on or damaging them. Fragrant substances 16 are optionally incorporated into the liquid formulation 5 during manufacture.

[0112] Device operation and application The present invention also provides a method of operating the device of the present invention, the method comprising mechanically deforming a portion of the closure 3 and a portion of the flow control element 6 to allow the liquid formulation 5 to flow from a portion of the lumen 2 to the plant substrate.

[0113] The specific method of operation of the device is described below.

[0114] In one embodiment of the present invention, the device is actuated by removing the closure 3 or by removing a portion of the closure 3. If the closure 3 is a multi-layer closure 3, the device may be actuated by removing one or more layers of the closure 3. By way of example, in an embodiment in which the flow control element 6-1 is damaged by pressure from the wall of the tube 1, the device may be actuated by removing the closure 3 or a portion of the closure 3 without the need to further deform the flow control element 6-2.

[0115] 10 and 11 , in one embodiment of the present invention, the device is activated by piercing the closure 3 and / or the flow control element 6 using a piercing element 10. FIG. 10 a illustrates a method of activating the device by using a piercing element 10 to pierce the closure 3 and flow control element 6 at a first end of the tube 1, inserting the first end of the tube 1 into a plant substrate, and then using a piercing element 10 to pierce the closure 3 and / or the flow control element 6 at a second end of the tube 1, causing the liquid formulation 5 to flow in a controlled manner from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate. FIG. 10 b illustrates a device that does not include a flow control element 6 at the first end of the tube 1, such that after using a piercing element 10 to pierce the closure 3 at the first end of the tube 1 and inserting the first end of the tube 1 into the plant substrate, but without piercing the closure 3 at the second end, the liquid formulation 5 flows by capillary forces from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate. Figure 10c shows a device that does not include a flow control element 6 at the first end of the tube 1, such that after using a perforation element 10 to perforate the closure 3 at the first end of the tube 1, inserting the first end of the tube 1 into a plant substrate, and then perforating the closure 3 and / or the flow control element 6 at the second end of the tube 1, the liquid formulation 5 flows from a portion of the lumen 2 into the plant substrate and irrigates the plant roots. The operating principles of the devices shown in Figures 10a, 10b and 10c apply to devices of the present invention regardless of the form and method of operation of the closure 3.

[0116] Puncturing flow control element 6-1 disrupts its polymer structure and fragments flow control element 6-2, forming cracks in flow control element 6-2 and allowing the flow of liquid formulation 5. The cracked flow control element 6-2 is free to move within lumen 2 of tube 1, thereby preventing the first end of tube 1 from clogging and blocking the flow of liquid formulation 5 when the first end of tube 1 is inserted into the plant substrate.

[0117] Referring to Figure 15, the perforating element 10 is capable of directing the liquid formulation 5 into the plant substrate when the end of the tube 1 in which the perforating element 10 is located is inserted into the plant substrate.

[0118] 12, in one embodiment of the present invention, the device is actuated by applying pressure to the exterior surface of the tube 1 at the first end and near where the flow control element 6-1 is positioned to break the closure 3 and deform the flow control element 6-2. Preferably, the tube 1 is made from plastic or other recyclable or organic material with similar properties and has a wall thickness sufficient to allow the tube 1 to be flexible.

[0119] 13 and 14, in embodiments of the invention that include closures 3-5 formed by adhering or welding the walls of tube 1, the device is actuated by cutting tube 1 between an end and flow control element 6 or by breaking tube 1 at score line 8. The device is actuated at a first end and inserted into the plant substrate, and tube 1 is broken at score line 8 at a second end, allowing liquid formulation 5 to flow from a portion of lumen 2 into the plant substrate.

[0120] Referring to Figure 22, in one embodiment of the present invention, a device including an extendable section 1-8.1 and a flow control element 6-1 is actuated by extending the extendable section 1-8.2 of the tube 1 to deform the flow control element 6-2.

[0121] Applying the device includes activating the first end of tube 1 using any one of the activation methods described above and inserting the first end of tube 1 into the plant substrate device, where the plant is preferably a potted plant. In embodiments further including a closure 3 at the second end of tube 1, the closure 3 at the second end of tube 1 is activated using any one of the activation methods described above to release the vacuum that exists between the closure 3 at the second end of tube 1 and the liquid formulation 5 in lumen 2. Air flows into lumen 2 of tube 1 through the second end of tube 1, allowing liquid formulation 5 to flow from a portion of lumen 2 through the first end of tube 1 and into the plant substrate.

[0122] When only the first end is actuated, the liquid formulation 5 flows from the lumen 2 of the tube 1 into the plant substrate substantially due to gravity-assisted capillary force. In this case, the vacuum that exists between the closure 3 at the second end of the tube 1 and the liquid formulation 5 in the lumen 2 does not cause the device to suddenly begin emptying. As the liquid formulation 5 comes into contact with the plant substrate, the capillary force gradually overcomes the vacuum. The diameter and length of the tube 1 of the device and the properties of the liquid formulation 5 have the greatest influence on the strength of the vacuum that forms between the closure 3 at the second end of the tube 1 and the liquid formulation 5 in the lumen 2. For the device to begin emptying in this embodiment, the liquid formulation 5 in the lumen 2 of the tube 1 must come into direct contact with the plant substrate, drawing in the liquid formulation 5 via capillary action. Therefore, when the first end of the tube 1 is inserted into the plant substrate, the liquid must be close to or adjacent to the first end of the tube 1 so that the liquid formulation 5 comes into contact with the plant substrate.

[0123] When both the first and second ends are actuated, the liquid formulation 5 flows due to passive forces such as gravity, supported by capillary forces in the matrix, regardless of the structural solution and the formulation applied.

[0124] In one embodiment, the liquid formulation 5 is mixed by shaking the device. This mixing can also be applied to ensure that the liquid formulation 5 is present at the first end of the tube 1 before inserting the device into the plant substrate. In another embodiment, as described above, the perforating element 10 has the ability to direct the liquid formulation 5 into the plant substrate by capillary action or otherwise.

[0125] The flow control element 6 inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1 described above also influences the flow rate of the liquid formulation 5 into the plant substrate due to gravity and capillary forces, and elements with specific properties can be provided depending on the specific needs of the device.

[0126] Device fabrication The device of the present invention can be manufactured by any applicable method, for example the tube 1 can be made by extruding or moulding a suitable plastic material.

[0127] The order of forming the device can vary depending on the needs of the device's design, the liquid formulation 5, and the design of the processing machine. For example, a closure 3 can be attached to a first end of a tube 1, the tube 1 filled with the liquid formulation 5, a flow control element 6 inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1, and a closure 3 attached to a second end of the tube 1. Alternatively, a closure 3 can be attached to a first end of the tube 1, a flow control element 6 inserted into the lumen 2 of the tube 1, the tube 1 filled with the liquid formulation 5, and then a closure 3 attached to the second end of the tube 1. If desired, one or more other elements, such as a mixing element 7, can be inserted during the process before the device is completely closed.

[0128] During the manufacturing process, the device can be positioned vertically until the flow control element 6 absorbs a sufficient amount of liquid formulation 5 and expands to no longer move freely within the tank, allowing the device to form and function properly. To eliminate the waiting time for the flow control element 6 to grow, it can be pre-immersed in liquid to expand, then compressed and inserted into the tube 1. Compression is required for insertion of the expanded flow control element 6 because it may exceed the diameter of the tank. In this case, it is preferable to insert the flow control element 6 before adding the liquid to the tube 1.

[0129] Examples according to the present disclosure may be formed using an additive manufacturing process. A common example of additive manufacturing is 3D printing, although other additive manufacturing methods are available. Rapid prototyping or rapid manufacturing are also terms used to describe additive manufacturing processes.

[0130] As used herein, "additive manufacturing" generally refers to a manufacturing process in which successive layers of material are laid on top of each other to "build up" or "additively produce" a three-dimensional part. This is in contrast to some subtractive manufacturing methods (e.g., cutting or drilling), in which material is sequentially removed to produce a part. These successive layers typically fuse together to form a monolithic part that may have multiple integral subparts. In particular, this manufacturing process allows examples of the present disclosure to be integrally formed and include multiple functions not possible with conventional manufacturing methods.

[0131] Additive manufacturing processes typically produce components based on three-dimensional (3D) information of the component, such as a 3D computer model (or design file).

[0132] Thus, the examples described herein include not only the products or components described herein, but also methods of manufacturing such products or components by additive manufacturing and computer software, firmware, or hardware for controlling the manufacturing of such products by additive manufacturing.

[0133] The structure of one or more parts of a product may be digitally represented in the form of a design file. A design file or computer-aided design (CAD) file is a configuration file that encodes one or more of the surface or volumetric configurations of the product's shape. That is, the design file represents the geometry or shape of the product.

[0134] The design file can employ any file format now known or later developed, for example, the design file can be in the "Standard Tessellation Language" (.stl) format created for stereolithography or 3D Systems' stereolithography CAD program, or the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard "Additive Manufacturing File (.amf)" format, which is an extensible markup language (XML)-based format designed to allow any CAD software to describe the shape and configuration of any three-dimensional object for production by any additive manufacturing printer.

[0135] Further examples of design file formats include AutoCAD (.dwg) files, Blender (.blend) files, Parasolid (.x_t) files, 3D Manufacturing Format (.3mf) files, Autodesk (3ds) files, Collada (.dae) files, and Wavefront (.obj) files, although many other file formats exist.

[0136] The design file may be created using modeling (eg, CAD modeling) software and / or may be created by scanning the surface of the product to measure the surface geometry of the product.

[0137] Once obtained, the design file may be converted into a set of computer-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to control an additive manufacturing device to manufacture a product according to the geometry specified in the design file. The conversion may convert the design file into slices or layers that are sequentially formed on the additive manufacturing device. These instructions (also known as geometric code or "G-code") may be calibrated to the particular additive manufacturing device and specify the exact location and amount of material to be formed at each stage of the manufacturing process. As mentioned above, formation may occur via deposition, sintering, or any other additive manufacturing method.

[0138] The code or instructions may be translated between different formats, converted into a set of data signals and transmitted, received as a set of data signals and converted into code, stored, etc. The instructions may be input to the additive manufacturing system and may be provided by a part designer, an intellectual property (IP) provider, a design firm, an operator or owner of the additive manufacturing system, or other source. The additive manufacturing system may execute the instructions to manufacture a product using any of the techniques or methods disclosed herein.

[0139] The design file or computer-executable instructions may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory, storage system, etc.) (either temporary or non-transitory) that stores code or computer-readable instructions that represent a product to be manufactured. As mentioned above, the code or instructions, when executed by an additive manufacturing system, are code or computer-readable instructions that define a product that can be used to physically generate an object.

[0140] Thus, by controlling an additive manufacturing device according to computer-executable instructions, the additive manufacturing device can be instructed to print one or more parts of a product. These parts can be printed in assembled or pre-assembled form. For example, different sections of a product can be printed separately (as a kit of pre-assembled parts) and then assembled. Alternatively, different parts can be printed in pre-assembled form.

[0141] In light of the above, embodiments include methods of additive manufacturing, including obtaining a design file representing a product and instructing an additive manufacturing device to manufacture the product in assembled or pre-assembled form according to the design file. The additive manufacturing device may include a processor configured to automatically convert the design file into computer-executable instructions for controlling the manufacture of the product. In these embodiments, the design file itself, when input to the additive manufacturing device, may automatically cause the manufacture of the product. Thus, in this embodiment, the design file itself may be considered computer-executable instructions that instruct the additive manufacturing device to manufacture the product. Alternatively, the design file may be converted into instructions by an external computing system, and the resulting computer-executable instructions are provided to the additive manufacturing device.

[0142] Additive manufacturing techniques are described herein as techniques that enable the production of complex objects by building the object point by point, layer by layer, typically in a vertical direction, although other manufacturing methods are possible and are within the scope of the present subject matter. For example, while the discussion herein refers to adding material to form successive layers, one skilled in the art will understand that the methods and structures disclosed herein can be practiced in combination with any additive manufacturing or other manufacturing techniques.

[0143] Industrial Applicability and Alternative Uses The device according to the present invention is useful for delivering fertilizer or pesticide to potted plants so that the fertilizer or pesticide is delivered to the plant substrate in a controlled manner at a consistent concentration, thereby properly distributing the fertilizer or pesticide throughout the plant substrate and preventing damage and / or wilting of the plant or rapid overgrowth of the plant.

[0144] Devices according to the present invention are also useful for delivering fragrances to potted plants, acting as attractants and / or repellents to insects and / or pets, and / or acting as room deodorizers.

[0145] The device therefore provides the user with a simple solution without the need to acquire knowledge on how to use the device, how to handle fertilizers and pesticides and how to grow indoor flowers, which is extremely important for the protection of the user and the environment, but also for achieving the desired effect on the plants.

[0146] Although the present invention is described as being primarily useful for plant nutrition, the device may also be used more generally in the home as an air freshener, or may be useful as an attractant and / or repellent for insects, other pests, or pets to plants or other household furnishings.

Claims

1. 1. A device in the form of a tube having a lumen and first and second ends for delivering a liquid formulation to a plant substrate, said tube comprising: a flow control element within the lumen, the flow control element absorbing liquid and expanding upon contact with the liquid formulation to reduce the flow rate of the liquid formulation from a portion of the lumen to the first end; a closure at the first end; and and wherein the device, when actuated by mechanically deforming the flow control element and inserting the first end of the tube into a plant substrate, allows the liquid formulation to flow from the portion of the lumen into the plant substrate.

2. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the tube includes a mixing element for mixing the liquid formulation within the tube if settling occurs upon standing.

3. 3. The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the tube includes an obstruction on the inner surface of the tube that protrudes into the lumen and reduces the flow rate of the liquid formulation.

4. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tube includes an extendable section having accordion ribs, and the flow control element is positioned in the extendable section.

5. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the tube includes score lines between the first end and / or the second end and the flow control element that structurally weaken the tube and allow the tube to be broken.

6. 6. The device of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a piercing element for actuating the device.

7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the perforating element further conducts the liquid formulation to the plant substrate.

8. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a modifying element on the outer surface of the tube.

9. A device according to any preceding claim, wherein the closure and / or the flow control element is in the form of a cartridge that is inserted into the lumen of the tube at the first or second end.

10. The device of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the flow control element is a hydrogel and / or an organic absorbent.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein the hydrogel is sodium polyacrylate and / or potassium polyacrylate.

12. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid formulation, the flow control element and / or the quality modifying element are impregnated with a fragrance or a combination of fragrances.

13. 13. The device of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the tube, the flow control element and / or the perforating element are prebiotics and / or the tube is impregnated or coated with a prebiotic.

14. 14. A method of operating the device of any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising mechanically deforming a portion of the closure and a portion of the flow control element to allow the liquid formulation to flow from the portion of the lumen to the plant substrate.

15. 14. A computer program comprising computer-executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to control an additive manufacturing apparatus to manufacture a device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

Images