Wireless communication method and device

Abstract

In an embodiment of the present application, a wireless communication method and a device are provided that can realize paging for an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device. The wireless communication method includes: a first communication device receiving a paging message. Optionally, the first communication device is an ambient IoT device or a zero-power device.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more particularly to wireless communication methods and devices. [Background technology]

[0002] The Internet of Things (IoT) (e.g., cellular passive IoT or wireless local area networks (WLAN) passive IoT) can support ambient IoT devices, thereby meeting the corresponding IoT communication needs in different application scenarios. Considering the service characteristics, capacity limitations, and operating power consumption limitations of ambient IoT devices, traditional paging methods cannot meet the paging needs of ambient IoT devices. How to realize paging for ambient IoT devices is a challenge that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In the embodiments of the present application, a wireless communication method and device are provided that can realize paging for ambient IoT devices.

[0004] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, the method including a first communication device receiving a paging message.

[0005] Optionally, the first communication device is an ambient IoT device or a zero-power device.

[0006] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, the method including a second communication device transmitting a paging message to a first communication device.

[0007] Optionally, the first communication device is an ambient IoT device or a zero-power device, and / or the second communication device is a network device, an access point (AP), a terminal device, or a relay device.

[0008] In a third aspect, there is provided a communications device, the communications device being a first communications device and configured to perform the method of the first aspect, specifically comprising functional modules configured to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication device, the communication device being a second communication device and configured to perform the method of the second aspect, specifically comprising a functional module configured to perform the method of the second aspect.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a communications device, the communications device being a first communications device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory configured to store a computer program, the processor configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communications device to perform the method of the first aspect.

[0011] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a communications device, the communications device being a second communications device, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory configured to store a computer program, the processor configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communications device to perform the method of the second aspect.

[0012] In a seventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus configured to implement the method of the first or second aspect. Specifically, the apparatus includes a processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory, thereby causing a device equipped with the apparatus to execute the method of the first or second aspect.

[0013] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium configured to store a computer program, the computer program being configured to cause a computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect.

[0014] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program instructions configured to cause a computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect.

[0015] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program which, when executed on a computer, is configured to cause the computer to carry out the method of the first or second aspect.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, paging for the first communication device (ambient IoT device or zero-power device) can be realized. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication system architecture applied to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating zero-power communication according to the present application. [Figure 3]FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating back-scattering communication according to the present application. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating energy collection according to the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating resistive load modulation according to the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating non-return-to-zero (NRZ) coding according to the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating Manchester encoding according to the present application. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating unipolar return-to-zero (RZ) coding according to the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating differential biphase (DBP) encoding according to the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating Miller coding according to the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a synchronization signal, a control channel, and a paging channel according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a targeted paging occasion according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a target paging window according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating a paging occasion according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing Scheme 1, Scheme 2 and Scheme 3 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 17]FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating information fields in a device ID according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating another communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a block diagram illustrating a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various types of communication systems. For example, global system for mobile communication (GSM) systems, code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) systems, general packet radio service (GPRS), long term evolution (LTE) systems, advanced long term evolution (LTE-A) systems, new radio (NR) systems, evolved new radio systems, LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) systems, NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum (NR-U) systems, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) systems, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), wireless local area networks (WLAN), internet of things (IoT), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity (WiFi), a fifth generation (5G) communication system, a sixth generation (6G) communication system, or other communication systems.

[0020] Generally speaking, the connections supported by conventional communication systems are easy to implement but limited in number. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems not only support conventional communication, but also support device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, sidelink (SL) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, etc. Embodiments of the present application can be applied to these communication systems.

[0021] In some embodiments, the communication system in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, may be applied to a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, and may also be applied to a standalone (SA) networking scenario or a non-standalone (NSA) networking scenario.

[0022] In some embodiments, the communication system in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, which may be considered to be a shared spectrum, or the communication system in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a licensed spectrum, which may be considered to be a non-shared spectrum.

[0023] In some embodiments, the communication system in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to FR1 (Frequency Range 1) (corresponding frequency band is 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), or FR2 (Frequency Range 2) (corresponding frequency band is 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz), or may be applied to a new frequency band, for example, a frequency band from 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz, or a higher frequency band corresponding to a frequency band from 71 GHz to 114.25 GHz.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, a network device and a terminal device are combined to describe each embodiment. The terminal device may also be called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user equipment.

[0025] The terminal device may be a station (ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next generation communication system, for example, an NR network, or a terminal device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) network.

[0026] In embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may be deployed on land (e.g., handheld, wearable, vehicle-mounted, etc.), including indoors and outdoors, on water (e.g., ships, etc.), or in the air (e.g., airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.).

[0027] In embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transmission and reception capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in telemedicine, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, an in-vehicle communication device, a wireless communication chip / application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) / system-on-chip (SOC), etc.

[0028] For example and not limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may be a wearable device. A wearable device, also known as a wearable smart device, is a collective term for wearable devices developed by applying wearable technology to intelligently design everyday clothing such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that can be worn directly on a user's body or integrated into a user's clothing or accessories. A wearable device is not only a hardware device, but can also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. In a broad sense, a wearable smart device includes devices with full functionality and large size that can achieve all or part of their functions without relying on a smartphone (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses, etc.), as well as devices that focus only on specific application functions and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones (e.g., any smart bracelet for vital sign monitoring, smart jewelry, etc.).

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device may be used to communicate with a mobile device, and may be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, a base transceiver station (BTS) in a GSM or CDMA, a Node B (NB) in a WCDMA, an evolutionary Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE, a relay station, an access point, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a network device or a generation Node B (gNB) in an NR network, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP), a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or a network device in an NTN network, etc.

[0030] By way of example and not limitation, in embodiments of the present application, a network device may have mobile characteristics, e.g., a network device may be a mobile device. In some embodiments, a network device may be a satellite or balloon station. For example, a satellite may be a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite, a Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite, a Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite, a Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. In some embodiments, a network device may be a base station located at a location such as on land or water.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, a network device provides a service to a cell, and a terminal device communicates with the network device via a transmission resource (e.g., a frequency domain resource or a spectrum resource) used by the cell. The cell may be a cell corresponding to a network device (e.g., a base station), and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. Small cells may include metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage area and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0032] Illustratively, a communication system 100 applied to an embodiment of the present application is as shown in Fig. 1. The communication system 100 may include a network device 110, which may be a device that communicates with terminal devices 120 (or communication terminals, also referred to as terminals). The network device 110 provides communication coverage to a specific geographic area and can communicate with terminal devices within the coverage area.

[0033] 1 exemplarily illustrates one network device and two terminal devices. In some embodiments, communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and other numbers of terminal devices within the coverage area of ​​each network device. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0034] In some embodiments, the communication system 100 may further include other network entities, such as a network controller, a mobile management entity, etc., although embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0035] Note that a device having a communication function in a network / system according to an embodiment of the present application may be referred to as a communication system. The communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described as an example. The communication device may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 having a communication function. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 may be the specific devices described above, and will not be repeated here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system 100, such as other network entities, such as a network controller and a mobile management entity. The embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are always used interchangeably herein. In this specification, the term "and / or" simply describes the relationship between related objects and indicates the existence of three types of relationships. For example, A and / or B indicates three situations: the presence of only A, the simultaneous presence of A and B, and the presence of only B. Also, in this specification, the symbol " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0037] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are used only to describe specific embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Terms such as "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" in the specification, claims, and drawings of the present application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific sequence. Furthermore, terms such as "include," "comprise," and any other variants are intended to cover, without excluding, the inclusion of other components.

[0038] It should be understood that the "indicate" referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication that there is an associative relationship. For example, when A indicates B, it may mean that A directly indicates B (e.g., B can be obtained by A), or that A indirectly indicates B (e.g., A indicates C, and B can be obtained by C), or that there is an associative relationship between A and B.

[0039] In describing the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may mean that there is a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, or that there is an association relationship between the two, or that there is a relationship such as a directing and a directed, or a setting and a set.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, "predefined" or "preset" may be realized by pre-storing a corresponding code or a corresponding table in a device (including, for example, a terminal device and a network device), or by other methods that can be used to indicate related information, and the present application does not limit the specific realization method. For example, "predefined" may mean being defined in a protocol.

[0041] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field. For example, the protocol may be an evolution of a conventional LTE protocol, an NR protocol, a Wi-Fi protocol, or a protocol related to other related communication systems. The present application is not limited to the type of protocol.

[0042] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, the zero-power communication technology according to the present application will be described.

[0043] Zero-power communication employs energy (or power) collection and backscatter communication technologies. A zero-power communication network consists of a network device and a zero-power device. As shown in FIG. 2, the network device is used to transmit wireless power supply signals and downlink communication signals to the zero-power device and receive backscatter signals from the zero-power device. A basic zero-power device includes an energy collection module, a backscatter communication module, and a low-power computing module. The zero-power device may also include a memory for storing some basic information (such as item identification information) or a sensor for acquiring sensing data such as environmental temperature and environmental humidity.

[0044] The key technologies for zero-power communication include Radio Frequency (RF) Power Harvesting and backscattering communication.

[0045] Specifically, radio frequency energy harvesting may be as shown in Figure 3. The radio frequency energy harvesting module harvests energy from electromagnetic waves in space based on the principle of electromagnetic induction to obtain the energy required to operate the zero power device, such as the low power demodulation and modulation module, sensors, and memory access. Therefore, the zero power device does not require a conventional battery.

[0046] Specifically, backscatter communication may be as shown in Figure 4. A zero-power communication terminal receives a wireless signal transmitted from a network, modulates the wireless signal, loads the information to be transmitted, and then radiates the modulated signal from an antenna. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication. Backscattering is closely related to load modulation. In load modulation, the circuit parameters of the zero-power device's oscillator circuit are adjusted and controlled according to the tempo of the data stream, thereby changing parameters such as the impedance of the RFID tag accordingly to complete the modulation process. Load modulation techniques mainly include resistive load modulation and capacitive load modulation. As shown in Figure 5, in resistive load modulation, a load is connected in parallel with a resistor, which is turned on or off according to the control of a binary data stream. Turning the resistor on or off changes the voltage in the circuit, thereby realizing amplitude shift keying (ASK). That is, signal modulation and transmission are achieved by adjusting the amplitude of the backscatter signal from the zero-power device. Similarly, in capacitive load modulation, the resonant frequency of the circuit can be changed by switching a capacitor on and off, achieving Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation, i.e., signal modulation and transmission can be achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of a zero-power device.

[0047] In this way, the zero-power device modulates the incoming wave signal by load modulation to realize the backscattering communication process, so the zero-power device has the following significant advantages: (1) Zero-power devices do not transmit signals spontaneously, so they do not require complex radio frequency links such as power amplifiers (PAs) and radio frequency filters. (2) Zero-power devices do not need to generate high-frequency signals spontaneously, so they do not require high-frequency crystal oscillators. (3) Backscatter communication allows zero-power devices to transmit signals without consuming their own energy.

[0048] Zero-power communication has significant advantages such as ultra-low cost, zero power consumption, and small size, and can be widely applied to various industries, such as vertical industry logistics, smart warehousing, intelligent agriculture, energy and electricity, industrial Internet, etc., and can also be applied to personal applications such as smart wearables and smart homes.

[0049] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, the coding scheme for zero-power communication according to the present application will be described.

[0050] The data transmitted by electronic tags can represent binary 1s and 0s using different forms of code. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems typically use one of several encoding methods, including Non-Return to Zero Inversion (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar return-to-zero (RZ) encoding, Differential Biphase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding, and Differential Encoding. Generally speaking, 0s and 1s are represented by different pulse signals.

[0051] (1) Non-return to zero (NRZ) coding: As shown in Figure 6, in non-return to zero coding, a high level represents a binary "1" and a low level represents a binary "0."

[0052] (2) Manchester Coding. Manchester coding is also known as Split-Phase Coding. In Manchester coding, the value of each bit is represented by a level change (up / down) in the middle of the bit period for that bit. As shown in Figure 7, a negative transition in the middle of a bit period represents a binary "1," and a positive transition in the middle of a bit period represents a binary "0." When using carrier-based load modulation or backscatter modulation, Manchester coding is typically used for data transmission from an electronic tag to a reader / writer to facilitate error detection in data transmission. This is because no "unchanged" state is allowed within a bit period. If data bits transmitted simultaneously by multiple electronic tags have different values, the received rising and falling boundaries will cancel each other out, resulting in a continuous carrier signal throughout the entire bit period. Because this state is not allowed, the reader / writer can use this error to determine the specific location of a collision.

[0053] (3) Single-stream RZ coding. In single-stream RZ coding, as shown in Figure 8, a high level in the first half of a bit period represents a binary "1", and a low level signal throughout the entire bit period represents a binary "0". Single-stream RZ coding can be used to extract a bit synchronization signal.

[0054] (4) Differential Bi-Phase (DBP) Coding. In DBP coding, as shown in Figure 9, any boundary in the middle of a bit period represents a binary "0," and no boundary represents a binary "1." The level also reverses at the start of each bit period. This makes it easy for the receiver to reconstruct the bit timing.

[0055] (5) Miller coding. In Miller coding, an arbitrary boundary in the middle of a bit period represents a binary "1", and a level that remains unchanged over the next bit period represents a binary "0". As shown in Figure 10, a level change occurs at the start of a bit period. Therefore, it is easy for the receiver to reconstruct the bit timing.

[0056] (6) Differential Encoding. In differential encoding, every binary "1" being transmitted results in a change in signal level. For every binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.

[0057] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, the classification of zero-power devices according to the present application will be explained.

[0058] Optionally, according to the energy source and usage manner of the zero-power device, the zero-power device can be classified into a passive zero-power device, a semi-passive zero-power device, and an active zero-power device.

[0059] 1) Passive zero-power devices

[0060] A zero-power device does not require a built-in battery. When a zero-power device approaches a network device (e.g., a reader / writer in an RFID system), it is within the near field formed by radiation from the antenna of the network device. Therefore, the antenna of the zero-power device generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, which drives the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. This enables operations such as demodulation of the forward link (downlink, the link from the network device to the zero-power device) signal and modulation of the reverse link (uplink, the link from the zero-power device to the network device) signal. For the backscattering link, the zero-power device transmits signals using a backscattering method.

[0061] As can be seen from the above, a passive zero-power device does not require an internal battery to operate, either on the forward link or the reverse link. A passive zero-power device is a truly zero-power device.

[0062] Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and both the RF circuitry and baseband circuitry are extremely simple, eliminating the need for components such as a low-noise amplifier (LNA), power amplifier (PA), crystal oscillator, or analog-to-digital converter (ADC). As a result, they have many advantages, including small size, light weight, low cost, and long life.

[0063] 2) Semi-passive zero-power devices

[0064] Although the semi-passive zero-power device does not have a conventional battery, it can collect radio wave energy using a radio frequency (RF) energy collection module or solar energy, light energy, thermal energy, or kinetic energy collection module, and store the collected energy in an energy storage unit (e.g., a capacitor). After obtaining the energy, the energy storage unit can power the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device, thereby achieving operations such as demodulating the forward link signal and modulating the reverse link signal. For the backscattering link, the zero-power device transmits signals using a backscattering method.

[0065] As can be seen from the above, a semi-passive zero-power device does not require a built-in battery to operate in either the forward link or the reverse link. During operation, the energy stored in the capacitor is used, and the energy comes from the radio wave energy harvested by the energy harvesting module. Therefore, a semi-passive zero-power device is also a zero-power device in the true sense.

[0066] Semi-passive zero-power devices inherit many of the advantages of passive zero-power devices, and therefore have many advantages such as small size, light weight, low cost, and long life.

[0067] 3) Active Zero Power Device

[0068] The zero-power device used in some scenarios may be an active zero-power device. This type of terminal can be equipped with a built-in battery (such as a dry cell battery or a rechargeable lithium battery). The battery is used to power the zero-power device's low-power chip circuit, which performs operations such as demodulating the forward link signal and modulating the reverse link signal. However, for the backscattered link, the zero-power device uses a backscattering method for signal transmission. Therefore, the zero-power nature of this type of terminal is mainly reflected in the fact that the transmission of the reverse link signal does not require the terminal's own power, but is achieved using the backscattering method. Although a battery is used in the active zero-power device, the ultra-low power communication technology is adopted, resulting in extremely low power consumption, which significantly improves the battery's operating life compared to conventional technologies.

[0069] The built-in battery of an active zero power device supplies power to the RFID chip, increasing the tag's read / write distance and improving communication reliability. Therefore, active zero power devices are suitable for scenarios with relatively high requirements in terms of communication distance, read latency, etc.

[0070] As is well known, the zero-power IoT service type and other IoT service types mainly focus on uplink services. Therefore, according to the transmitter type, the zero-power device can be divided into a backscatter-based zero-power device, an active transmitter-based zero-power device, and a zero-power device with both backscatter and active transmitter.

[0071] 1) Zero-power devices based on backscattering

[0072] This type of zero-power device transmits uplink data using the backscattering method described above. This type of device does not have an active transmitter capable of spontaneous transmission, but only a transmitter capable of backscattering. Therefore, when this type of terminal transmits data, it requires a network device to provide a carrier wave. This type of terminal device transmits data by backscattering based on the carrier wave.

[0073] 2) Zero-power devices based on active transmitters

[0074] This type of zero-power device transmits uplink data using an active transmitter capable of autonomously transmitting. Therefore, this type of zero-power device can transmit data using its own active transmitter and does not require a network device to provide a carrier wave. The active transmitter applied to the zero-power device may be, for example, an ultra-low power ASK or ultra-low power FSK transmitter. Based on current implementation, this type of transmitter can reduce its overall power consumption to 400 μW to 600 μW when transmitting a 100 μW signal.

[0075] 3) Zero-power devices with both backscatter and active transmitters

[0076] This type of terminal can support both backscatter and active transmitter, and can determine which type of transmission method of uplink signals to use, i.e., whether to use backscatter or to transmit autonomously using active transmitter, according to different conditions (power situation, available environmental energy) or based on scheduling of network devices.

[0077] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, a cellular passive IoT according to the present application will be described.

[0078] Cellular IoT is developing rapidly, and for example, 3GPP has standardized IoT technologies such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), machine type communication (MTC), and Reduced Capability (RedCap). However, there are still many scenarios where IoT communication needs cannot be met with conventional technologies.

[0079] For example, there are harsh communication environments. Some IoT scenarios may be exposed to extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation, or high-speed movement. Examples include ultra-high voltage substations, monitoring of high-speed train tracks, environmental monitoring in extremely cold regions, and industrial production lines. In these scenarios, existing IoT devices are limited by the operating environment limitations of normal power sources and cannot operate. Extreme operating environments also make IoT maintenance, such as battery replacement, difficult.

[0080] For example, there is a need for extremely small terminal configurations. In some IoT communication scenarios, such as food traceability, product distribution, and smart wearables, terminals are required to be extremely small so that they can be easily used in these scenarios. For example, IoT terminals for product management in distribution are usually in the form of electronic tags and are incorporated into product packaging in very small sizes. For example, compact wearable devices can meet user needs and improve the user experience.

[0081] Another example is the need for extremely low-cost IoT communications. In many IoT communication scenarios, the cost of IoT devices must be sufficiently low to be competitive with other alternative technologies. For example, in logistics or warehousing scenarios, to facilitate the management of large quantities of distributed goods, IoT devices can be attached to each item, and communication between the devices and the logistics network can enable precise management of the entire logistics process and cycle. In these scenarios, the price of IoT devices must be sufficiently competitive.

[0082] Therefore, to cover these unmet IoT communication needs, ultra-low cost, ultra-small size, battery-free / maintenance-free IoT needs to be developed even in cellular networks, and zero-power IoT can just meet that need.

[0083] Zero-power IoT may also be called ambient power enabled IoT, or abbreviated as ambient IoT. Specifically, an ambient IoT device refers to an IoT device that uses various types of environmental energy, such as radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. An ambient IoT device may have no energy storage capability or may have very limited energy storage capability (for example, a capacitor with a capacity of several tens of microfarads (μF) is used).

[0084] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT Device can be used in at least four types of scenes: Object recognition for logistics, product management on production lines, supply chain management, etc. Environmental monitoring, such as monitoring temperature, humidity, and harmful gases in the operating and natural environments. Positioning such as indoor positioning, smart object finding, and object positioning on production lines. Smart control of various electrical appliances in smart houses (turning air conditioners on and off, adjusting the temperature), smart control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic watering, fertilization), etc.

[0085] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, paging according to the present application will be described.

[0086] In conventional communication systems, for example, LTE and NR, the paging process plays an important role. In at least the following cases, a network device needs to initiate paging to a terminal device to establish a communication link with the terminal: 1. When the network device recognizes that the terminal device needs to transmit a service. 2. When the system message is updated. 3. When messages such as earthquake, tsunami, business warnings, etc. need to be transmitted.

[0087] In LTE, to receive a paging message, an LTE UE attempts to receive the paging message in a specific subframe (called a paging occasion (PO)) in a specific frame (called a paging frame (PF)) within the paging cycle. A PO is a subframe in which a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) scrambled with a paging radio network temporary identity (P-RNTI) and indicating a paging message may exist. When discontinuous reception (DRX) is used, the UE only needs to detect one PO per DRX cycle. That is, for each UE, only one subframe within each paging cycle can be used to transmit a paging message. A DRX cycle is the same concept as a paging cycle.

[0088] A PF is a radio frame that may contain one or more POs.

[0089] The PF is a system frame that satisfies the following equation 1.

number

[0090] SFN stands for System Frame Number. T=min(T c ,T UE ) T c represents the cell-specific default DRX cycle. Tc is configured via the information element (IE) PCCH-Config -> defaultPagingCycle in System Information Block 2 (SIB2). TUE represents a specific DRX period of the UE. UE is set by the Mobility Management Entity (MME) via the Paging DRX IE. N=min(T,nB), where nB represents the number of POs included in each DRX cycle, and the values ​​of nB are 4T, 2T, T, T / 2, T / 4, T / 8, T / 16, and T / 32. UE_ID represents the UE identifier. UE_ID=IMSI mod 1024, where IMSI is the International Mobile Subscriber Identification Number. mod represents the modulo operation.

[0091] The PO can be obtained by looking up the following Table 1 (Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)) and Table 2 (Time Division Duplex (TDD)) using the index i_s. i_s is obtained by the following Equation 2.

number

[0092] UE_ID represents the identifier of the UE. UE_ID = IMSI mod 1024. N = min(T, nB). nB represents the number of POs included in each DRX cycle, and the values ​​of nB are 4T, 2T, T, T / 2, T / 4, T / 8, T / 16, and T / 32. T = min(T c ,T UE ) T c represents the cell specific default DRX cycle. Tc is configured via the IE PCCH-Config -> defaultPagingCycle in SIB2. T UE represents a specific DRX period of the UE. UE is set by the MME via the IE Paging DRX. Ns represents the number of POs contained in each PF, and Ns = max(1, nB / T). Floor() represents rounding down.

[0093] [Table 1]

[0094] [Table 2]

[0095] In the above equations 1 and 2, T is the system frame unit, and T c is the system frame unit, and T UE is in units of system frames.

[0096] For a UE, the PF is a system frame for transmitting paging, and the PO is a subframe for transmitting paging within the PF.

[0097] As can be seen from the above equation (1), T div N corresponds to the number of system frames included in each of the N equal divisions after dividing the DRX cycle into N equal divisions. UE_ID mod N corresponds to the "UE_ID mod N" (value range: 0 to N-1)-th division of the N equal divisions. PF is the first system frame of the N equal divisions.

[0098] As can be further seen from Equations 1 and 2 above, paging frames (PF) and paging occasions (PO) in LTE are determined based on parameters such as the DRX cycle, nB, N, Ns, and UE_ID.

[0099] In an LTE system, paging messages are carried by a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) scheduled by the PDCCH. One PDSCH channel can carry paging messages for up to 16 UEs. Paging messages for multiple UEs constitute one pagingRecordList. The UE reads each PagingRecord in the pagingRecordList. The PagingRecord contains the identifier (ue-Identity) of the UE to be paged. If the UE finds that its UE identifier matches a certain ue-Identity, it determines that it is being paged by the network. Because paging messages for multiple UEs are transmitted within one PDSCH and the network does not know the channel quality of idle UEs, the network typically uses a conservative modulation and coding scheme (MCS), a low coding rate, or a large scheduling bandwidth when sending paging messages to UEs to ensure that UEs at the cell edge can receive the paging messages.

[0100] To better understand the embodiments of the present application, the problem that the present application aims to solve will be explained.

[0101] As mentioned above, in the future Cellular Passive IoT or WLAN Passive IoT or Ambient IoT, new ambient IoT devices can be supported in cellular networks, thereby meeting the corresponding types of IoT communication needs in different application scenarios.

[0102] As mentioned above, conventional paging generally adopts the DRX method. A UE acquires its own PO location within a paging cycle based on its UE_ID, paging DRX cycle, and PO-related parameters. A paging message carries the UE ID of the UE to be paged. When a UE detects its own identity (ID) from the received paging message, it indicates that the UE is being paged by the network.

[0103] Considering the service characteristics of ambient IoT devices, the capacity limitations of ambient IoT devices, and the limitations of operating power consumption of ambient IoT devices, traditional paging methods cannot meet the needs of ambient IoT devices.

[0104] In view of the above problems, this application proposes a paging scheme for ambient IoT devices, including a paging channel structure, a PO design, a paging message design, and a paging process for paging ambient IoT devices. According to the technical solution of this application, when a service arrives, paging can be initiated for the ambient IoT device to trigger the service transmission process.

[0105] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. Hereinafter, the related arts can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as alternatives, and all of them fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application include at least part of the following contents:

[0106] 11 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the wireless communication method 200 may include at least part of the following contents:

[0107] S210: The second communication device sends a paging message to the first communication device.

[0108] S220: The first communication device receives the paging message.

[0109] In an embodiment of the present application, the second communication device needs to send a paging message to the first communication device to establish a communication link with the first communication device in at least the following cases: 1. The second communication device recognizes that the first communication device needs to transmit a service. 2. When the system message of the first communication device is updated. 3. When messages such as earthquake, tsunami, business warnings, etc. need to be transmitted.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first communications device is an ambient IoT device or a zero power device.

[0111] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the concepts of ambient IoT devices and zero power devices are interchangeable.

[0112] In some embodiments, the second communication device is a network device (e.g., a base station), an access point (AP), a terminal device, a station (STA), or a relay device. Of course, the second communication device may be other devices. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0113] For example, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a base station paging an ambient IoT device (corresponding to a scene in which a base station provides service to an ambient IoT device).

[0114] Also, for example, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to an AP paging an ambient IoT device (corresponding to a scene in which an AP provides service to an ambient IoT device).

[0115] Also, for example, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a terminal device (UE) paging an ambient IoT device (corresponding to a scenario in which the UE provides service to the ambient IoT device). Optionally, the PO resource used by the UE to page the ambient IoT device may be configured by a network device and may be different from the PO resource used by a base station to page the ambient IoT device.

[0116] Also, for example, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a STA paging an ambient IoT device (corresponding to a scenario in which the STA provides service to the ambient IoT device). Optionally, the PO resource used by the STA to page the ambient IoT device may be configured by the AP and may be different from the PO resource used by the AP to page the ambient IoT device.

[0117] Furthermore, for example, the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a relay device paging an ambient IoT device (corresponding to a scene in which the relay device provides a service to the ambient IoT device).

[0118] It should be noted that ambient IoT devices have extremely low complexity (smaller or much smaller than conventional cellular IoT terminals such as NB-IoT and MTC terminals) and extremely low power consumption (several microwatts (μW) to several milliwatts (mW)). Therefore, the design of paging in the embodiments of the present application needs to take into account the needs and characteristics of the extremely low complexity and extremely low power consumption of ambient IoT devices.

[0119] It should be noted that for ambient IoT devices, whether they are powered by RF or other environmental energy sources (such as light or heat), the energy they can provide is very limited (considering the size of the ambient IoT device). Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, it is necessary to support a simple paging process to save the power consumption of the ambient IoT device.

[0120] It should be noted that ambient IoT devices have poor ability to maintain clock synchronization, so the embodiments of the present application need to consider how the ambient IoT devices can correctly receive paging messages.

[0121] It should be noted that for some services, such as logistics, production line monitoring (devices moving on the production line), and warehouse inventory, the entire communication process of the service needs to be completed within a short time (e.g., several seconds). In the entire process, the ambient IoT device may need to perform energy collection (when the network first provides energy when the service is started), cell search, synchronization, paging, connection establishment, and data transmission. Therefore, the paging process also needs to be completed within an extremely short time. Therefore, the paging design in the embodiments of the present application needs to take into account the strict time requirements of this type of device.

[0122] In some embodiments, the modulated waveform of the paging message is an Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) waveform, or an On-Off Keying (OOK) waveform, or a Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) waveform, or a Phase Shift Keying (PSK) waveform.

[0123] Specifically, for example, considering the low complexity and low power consumption needs of ambient IoT devices, it is preferable to use an OOK waveform for paging messages of ambient IoT devices, i.e., to realize modulation of paging messages by amplitude modulation. Based on the OOK waveform, coding methods such as NRZ coding and Mantescue coding can be used. In some embodiments, ASK waveform, FSK waveform, or PSK waveform can be used for paging of ambient IoT devices.

[0124] In some embodiments, to receive the paging message, the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) can use a very low power consumption receiver. For example, in OOK modulation, the first communication device can receive the paging message using an envelope detection receiver. Also, for example, the first communication device can receive the paging message using a wake-up receiver for receiving wake-up signals in a cellular network. Also, for example, the first communication device can receive the paging message using a receiver for receiving wake-up radio (WUR) signals in a WLAN.

[0125] Specifically, for example, a receiver for receiving a WUR signal in a WLAN can detect an OOK waveform, and can achieve a receiving power consumption of less than 1 mW and a receiving sensitivity of up to -82 dB.

[0126] In some embodiments, the modulated waveform of the paging message is an ASK waveform, or the paging message is received using envelope detection.

[0127] In some embodiments, the paging message is carried by a paging channel whose transmission parameters are promised by a protocol, set by a control channel associated with the paging channel, or set by a broadcast message.

[0128] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of the paging channel include, but are not limited to, at least one of: a coding scheme of the paging channel, a transmission time length of the paging channel, and a coding rate of the paging channel.

[0129] Optionally, the coding scheme of the paging channel may be one of non-return-to-zero (NRZ) coding, Manchester coding, single-stream RZ coding, differential bi-phase (DBP) coding, Miller coding, and differential coding. Of course, the coding scheme of the paging channel may be other coding schemes. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0130] Optionally, the transmission time length of the paging channel may include, for example, at least one of the number of OOK symbols, the absolute time length, and the number of bits after encoding.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first communication device receives a control channel and / or a synchronization signal, the control channel being used to set transmission parameters of a paging channel carrying the paging message, and the synchronization signal being used by the first communication device to perform clock synchronization.

[0132] Specifically, the control channel and / or synchronization signal may be received by the first communication device before receiving the paging message. The corresponding channel structure may be as shown in FIG.

[0133] Specifically, the synchronization signal may consist of a specific sequence, such as the sequence 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, or other sequences, such as 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1. The first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) uses the level changes of the sequence to obtain the symbol length of the encoded bits in the sequence and trains its device clock based on the length.

[0134] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the control channel is an ASK waveform, or the control channel is received using envelope detection.

[0135] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the control channel is an ASK waveform, an OOK waveform, an FSK waveform, or a PSK waveform.

[0136] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform, or the synchronization signal is received using envelope detection.

[0137] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform, or an OOK waveform, or an FSK waveform, or a PSK waveform.

[0138] In some embodiments, the coding scheme of the control channel is mandated by a protocol and / or the sequence of the synchronization signal is mandated by a protocol.

[0139] Optionally, the coding scheme of the control channel may be one of non-return-to-zero (NRZ) coding, Manchester coding, single-stream RZ coding, differential bi-phase (DBP) coding, Miller coding, and differential coding. Of course, the coding scheme of the control channel may be other coding schemes. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0140] In some embodiments, the paging occasion at which the first communication device receives a paging message is a target paging occasion within each paging cycle. That is, for a first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device), a paging occasion (PO) is a predefined paging monitoring position in one or more slots or radio frames. The first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) may use periodic POs. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, the paging occasion at which the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) receives a paging message is a target paging occasion within each paging cycle.

[0141] In some embodiments, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle. Specifically, the target paging window can include multiple paging occasions. For each PO within the target paging window, the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) needs to monitor the paging message until it receives the paging message. That is, in this embodiment, a target paging window is introduced for the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) to acquire the paging message, so that the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) can receive the paging message at any PO within the target paging window. This improves the flexibility of the second communication device in using paging resources. The second communication device can page the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) multiple times within each paging cycle. This improves the accuracy rate at which the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) receives the paging message and shortens the paging delay. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, the paging occasions at which the first communication device (e.g., the ambient IoT device) receives paging messages are all paging occasions within a target paging window in each paging cycle.

[0142] In some embodiments, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all of the preset paging occasions. That is, in this embodiment, the range of POs at which the first communication device (e.g., ambient IoT device) receives a paging message is not limited, and the first communication device (e.g., ambient IoT device) can receive a paging message at all POs. Because the first communication device (e.g., ambient IoT device) can receive a paging message at any PO, when the first communication device (e.g., ambient IoT device) needs to be paged, the second communication device can immediately start paging at the next available PO, thereby maximizing the paging delay. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, the paging occasions at which the first communication device (e.g., ambient IoT device) receives a paging message are all of the preset paging occasions.

[0143] In some embodiments, the above step S220 may specifically include the following: The first communication device receives the paging message in a targeted manner. The targeted manner is one of a plurality of manners, including but not limited to at least two of Scheme 1, Scheme 2, and Scheme 3. In Scheme 1, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are targeted paging occasions within each paging cycle. In Scheme 2, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions within a targeted paging window within each paging cycle. In Scheme 3, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions among preset paging occasions.

[0144] Specifically, Method 1, Method 2, and Method 3 can be as shown in FIG.

[0145] In some embodiments, the targeting scheme is pre-configured by the network device or pre-configured by the second communication device.

[0146] In some embodiments, the target paging occasion is determined based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device. Specifically, for example, for a method of determining a target paging occasion based on identification information of the first communication device, reference may be made to Equation 1 and Equation 2 above. Further description is omitted here. The method of determining a target paging occasion based on type information of the first communication device or type information of a service performed by the first communication device is similar to the method of determining a target paging occasion based on identification information of the first communication device. The UE_ID in Equation 1 and Equation 2 above may be replaced with type information (e.g., an identifier or index) of the first communication device or type information (e.g., an identifier or index) of the service performed by the first communication device. Further description is omitted here.

[0147] In some embodiments, the target paging window is identified based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device.

[0148] Specifically, the method of identifying the target paging window based on the identification information of the first communication device can be referred to in Equations 1 and 2 above. The description will be omitted here. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 14 or 16, the start position of the target paging window can be identified based on the identification information of the first communication device (e.g., see Equations 1 and 2 above), and the target paging window can be finally identified based on the identified start position of the target paging window and the length of the target paging window. Optionally, the length of the target paging window can be agreed upon by a protocol or set by a network.

[0149] Specifically, the method of determining the target paging window based on the type information of the first communication device or the type information of the service performed by the first communication device is similar to the method of determining the target paging window based on the identification information of the first communication device, for which the reader may refer to the related description, and further description will be omitted here.

[0150] In some embodiments, paging occasions within the same paging cycle are contiguous in the time domain or non-contiguous in the time domain.

[0151] In some embodiments, the start of the paging cycle is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, e.g., a time distribution of paging occasions according to a system-defined time (e.g., SFN), and the paging cycle is a multiple of the system radio frame.

[0152] In some embodiments, the start position of the paging cycle is determined based on the time domain position of a first target signal. Optionally, the first target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal. Specifically, for example, the period distribution of paging occasions is associated with a specific signal (e.g., a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, or a broadcast signal). That is, the start position of the paging occasion cycle is a position having a specific time interval with respect to a specific signal. Alternatively, the start position of the paging occasion cycle is immediately set by the beacon signal, the synchronization signal, or the broadcast signal. This method is suitable for unexpected service scenarios such as logistics inventory. Because the inventory process may be relatively short, it is appropriate for the network device to immediately and flexibly set the PO resource configuration in this case.

[0153] In some embodiments, the starting position of the pre-defined paging occasion is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number.

[0154] In some embodiments, the starting location of the predetermined paging occasion is determined based on a time domain location of a second target signal, optionally one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, or a broadcast signal.

[0155] In some embodiments, the payload of the paging message includes at least one of identification information used to indicate a target of paging by the paging message and access resource configuration information used to indicate resource configuration information for network access after receiving the paging message.

[0156] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of the first communication device or a part of the identifier of the first communication device. Specifically, a paging message sent by a second communication device to a first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) may include a device identifier (device ID) of the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) to be paged, thereby indicating the target of the paging. The device ID may be a complete Ambient IoT device ID, a part of the Ambient IoT device ID, or a simplified device ID (to reduce the total number of bits of the ID) corresponding to the Ambient IoT device ID.

[0157] In some embodiments, when the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of multiple communication devices, including the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device). That is, in this embodiment, the paging message can simultaneously page multiple communication devices. Optionally, all of the multiple communication devices are ambient IoT devices, or at least some of the multiple communication devices are ambient IoT devices.

[0158] In some embodiments, when the identification information is identifiers of multiple communication devices, the identifiers of the multiple communication devices are carried in a first information field of the paging message according to a first order. Optionally, the first order is agreed upon by a protocol or set by a network device. Optionally, the first information field is a device ID field. Of course, the first information field may be another information field. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0159] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is a group identifier, and the first communications device belongs to a group identified by the group identifier.

[0160] Specifically, Ambient IoT can be applied to various application scenarios, such as logistics, warehousing, energy, environmental monitoring, industrial automation, positioning, and smart homes. As expected, the number of Ambient IoT devices will become enormous, far exceeding the number of current terminal devices. Therefore, the length of the Ambient IoT device ID will be relatively long, for example, 128 bits (longer than the 64-bit length of the IMSI in 5G NR). Therefore, directly carrying the ID in a paging message may result in significant resource overhead. In this embodiment, the device IDs of Ambient IoT devices are divided into groups, and the Ambient IoT devices in each group are represented by a group ID. Paging is performed by carrying the group ID in a paging message.

[0161] In some embodiments, if the identification information is a group identifier, the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, or is determined based on a type of service performed by the first communication device, or is a group identifier pre-configured for the first communication device, or is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device.

[0162] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, the group identifier is determined based on the following equation (3) or (4):

number

number

[0163] In some embodiments, M is the number of paging occasions in each paging cycle.

[0164] Specifically, for example, a group ID is obtained by processing the device ID of the ambient IoT device. For example, as in Equation 3 above, a modulo operation is performed on the device ID (device ID mod N, where N may be the number of groups, and N may be preset or set by the network), and the resulting remainder is used as the group ID. Alternatively, as in Equation 4 above, a modulo operation is performed again on the result obtained by performing a modulo operation on the device ID of the ambient IoT device, and the resulting remainder is used as the group ID.

[0165] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on the type of service performed by the first communication device, different service types correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between service types and group identifiers is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0166] Specifically, for example, grouping is performed based on the numbers of different service types. For example, an inventory type corresponds to an inventory type paging group ID. A positioning type corresponds to a positioning type paging group ID. A sensing type corresponds to a sensing type paging group ID. Each type paging group ID may correspond to a number or a bit in a bitmap (assuming there are four types of paging group IDs in total, a bitmap with a length of four can be used). An ambient IoT device with each type of function can identify whether the type to which it belongs is being paged by indicating the group to which it belongs.

[0167] Specifically, paging is further performed based on, for example, a read operation (e.g., reading the memory of the ambient IoT device to obtain information such as ID information, production date, etc.) and a write operation (e.g., writing information such as ID information, production date, etc. to the memory of the ambient IoT device).

[0168] In some embodiments, if the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured in the first communication device, the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured when the first communication device is shipped from the factory or that is configured by the network when the first communication device accesses the network.

[0169] Specifically, for example, a group ID may be pre-configured for an ambient IoT device (pre-configured in the device at the time of factory shipment or assigned by the network when accessing the network), and may be pre-configured according to the service type, etc. For ambient IoT devices with the same service type, multiple subtypes may be pre-configured, so that ambient IoT devices with the same service type correspond to different group IDs.

[0170] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device, different information fields in the identifier of the first communication device correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the information fields of the first communication device and the group identifier is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0171] Specifically, for example, the device ID of a first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) is as shown in FIG. 17. The country code represents a number assigned to different countries around the world. The province / city code represents a number assigned to administrative districts at the province / city level. The district / county code represents a number assigned to administrative districts at the district or county level. The broad industry classification code represents a broad classification of the industry to which the ambient IoT device is applied, such as transportation, energy, logistics, and environmental monitoring. The industry sub-classification code represents a more specific industry in the energy field, such as coal mining, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric power generation, and wind power generation. The company code represents a codeword assigned to the applicable company, such as the business operator number or logistics manufacturer number. The identification code represents a different number for the device after all of the above assignments have been applied.

[0172] Therefore, according to different needs, different fields (bit fields) in the device ID can be used for paging in the paging message. For example, when a network device in a logistics station uses a specific prefecture code to page, all ambient IoT devices of logistics products corresponding to the specific prefecture code will be paged. Furthermore, when a network device in a warehouse of an e-commerce store uses a company code (e.g., a certain brand of refrigerator) to page, all refrigerators of that brand in the warehouse will be paged.

[0173] Therefore, in this embodiment, different ambient IoT devices can be flexibly paged and communicated with on demand (based on type, such as geographic area, industry, manufacturer or brand) according to different needs.

[0174] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message does not include the identification information, or if the identification information included in the payload of the paging message is a target value, all communication devices that receive the paging message are paged.

[0175] Specifically, for example, in some cases, the second communication device does not know the device ID information of the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) (e.g., when an initial inventory is being taken of a package that has just arrived in a warehouse). In this case, an identification (ID)-less paging scheme (i.e., no identification information is included in the payload of the paging message) may be used. In this case, the device ID information is not carried in the paging message. Alternatively, the ID-less paging scheme (using a specific value of a specific bit field in the paging message) is indicated. For the ID-less paging scheme, all ambient IoT devices that receive the paging message are paged.

[0176] In some embodiments, the group identifier may be transmitted over a control channel, as shown in Figure 12. Specifically, the device ID of the first communication device (e.g., an ambient IoT device) is carried in the paging message. In this case, the first communication device receives a subsequent paging message only if it detects the group identifier corresponding to the first communication device on the control channel.

[0177] In some embodiments, when the paging message includes the access resource configuration, the resource configuration information includes at least one of frequency domain information of the access resource, time domain information of the access resource, periodicity information of the access resource, and access control information.

[0178] Specifically, the paging message may carry resource configuration information for the ambient IoT device to access after receiving the paging message, such as frequency domain resources (channel number, bandwidth size, number of channels, frequency domain resource size, etc.) of the access resource (for each cycle), time domain resource allocation (start position of the time domain resource (e.g., time distance from the paging message), time length of the time domain resource (for each cycle), number of slots, number of symbols in each slot, and other necessary parameters), access resource cycle (if the access resource spans multiple cycles), and access control information (e.g., control based on access level, control based on device capability).

[0179] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, paging for the ambient IoT device can be realized. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the paging channel, PO, paging message, and paging process of the ambient IoT device are designed. According to the technical solution of the present application, when a service arrives, paging can be initiated for the ambient IoT device to trigger the service transmission process.

[0180] The method embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 11 to 17. Hereinafter, the device embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to Figures 18 to 22. Note that the device embodiments correspond to the method embodiments, and for similar descriptions, reference can be made to the method embodiments.

[0181] 18 is a block diagram illustrating a communication device 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 300 is a first communication device. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication device 300 includes a communication unit 310. The communication unit 310 is configured to receive a paging message.

[0182] In some embodiments, the paging message is carried by a paging channel whose transmission parameters are promised by a protocol, set by a control channel associated with the paging channel, or set by a broadcast message.

[0183] In some embodiments, the communication unit 310 is further configured to receive a control channel and / or a synchronization signal, the control channel being used to set transmission parameters of a paging channel carrying the paging message, and the synchronization signal being used by the first communication device for clock synchronization.

[0184] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the control channel is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform or the control channel is received using envelope detection, and / or the modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform or the synchronization signal is received using envelope detection.

[0185] In some embodiments, the coding scheme of the control channel is mandated by a protocol and / or the sequence of the synchronization signal is mandated by a protocol.

[0186] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of the paging channel include at least one of: a coding scheme for the paging channel, a transmission time length for the paging channel, and a coding rate for the paging channel.

[0187] In some embodiments, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives paging messages are target paging occasions within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions among pre-set paging occasions.

[0188] In some embodiments, the communication unit 310 is specifically configured to receive the paging message in a targeted manner. The targeted manner is one of a plurality of manners, and the plurality of manners includes at least two of Scheme 1, Scheme 2, and Scheme 3. In Scheme 1, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are targeted paging occasions within each paging cycle. In Scheme 2, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions within a targeted paging window within each paging cycle. In Scheme 3, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions among preset paging occasions.

[0189] In some embodiments, the targeting scheme is pre-configured by the network device.

[0190] In some embodiments, the target paging occasion is determined based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device, and / or the target paging window is determined based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device.

[0191] In some embodiments, paging occasions within the same paging cycle are contiguous in the time domain or non-contiguous in the time domain.

[0192] In some embodiments, the start of the paging cycle is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the start of the paging cycle is determined based on a time domain position of the first target signal.

[0193] In some embodiments, the first target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal.

[0194] In some embodiments, the starting position of the preset paging occasion is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the starting position of the preset paging occasion is determined based on a time domain position of a second target signal.

[0195] In some embodiments, the second target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal.

[0196] In some embodiments, the payload of the paging message includes at least one of identification information used to indicate a target of the paging message and access resource configuration information used to indicate resource configuration information for network access after receiving the paging message.

[0197] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of the first communication device, or is part of an identifier of the first communication device, or is an identifier of a plurality of communication devices, including the first communication device, that belongs to a group identified by the group identifier.

[0198] In some embodiments, when the identifying information is identifiers of multiple communication devices, the identifiers of the multiple communication devices are carried in a first information field of the paging message according to a first order.

[0199] In some embodiments, the first order is promised by a protocol or set by a network device.

[0200] In some embodiments, if the identification information is a group identifier, the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, or is determined based on a type of service performed by the first communication device, or is a group identifier pre-configured for the first communication device, or is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device.

[0201] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, the group identifier is: Group ID = device ID mod N, or Group ID=(device ID mod M)mod N It is identified based on: Group ID represents the group identifier, device ID represents the identifier of the first communication device, N represents the number of groups, M and N are both positive integers, and mod represents a modulo operation.

[0202] In some embodiments, M is the number of paging occasions in each paging cycle.

[0203] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on the type of service performed by the first communication device, different service types correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between service types and group identifiers is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0204] In some embodiments, if the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured in the first communication device, the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured when the first communication device is shipped from the factory or that is configured by the network when the first communication device accesses the network.

[0205] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device, different information fields in the identifier of the first communication device correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the information fields of the first communication device and the group identifier is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0206] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message does not include the identification information, or if the identification information included in the payload of the paging message is a target value, all communication devices that receive the paging message are paged.

[0207] In some embodiments, if the paging message includes the access resource configuration, the resource configuration information includes at least one of frequency domain information of the access resource, time domain information of the access resource, periodicity information of the access resource, and access control information.

[0208] In some embodiments, the modulated waveform of the paging message is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or an on-off keying (OOK) waveform, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) waveform, or a phase shift keying (PSK) waveform.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first communications device is an ambient IoT device or a zero power device.

[0210] In some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system-on-chip.The processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0211] It should be noted that the communication device 300 according to the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the first communication device in the method embodiment of the present application, and the above and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the communication device 300 are for implementing the corresponding process of the first communication device in the method 200 shown in Fig. 11. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0212] 19 is a block diagram illustrating a communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 400 is a second communication device. As shown in FIG. 19, the communication device 400 includes a communication unit 410. The communication unit 410 is configured to send a paging message to the first communication device.

[0213] In some embodiments, the paging message is carried by a paging channel whose transmission parameters are promised by a protocol, set by a control channel associated with the paging channel, or set by a broadcast message.

[0214] In some embodiments, the communication unit 410 is further configured to transmit a control channel and / or a synchronization signal, the control channel being used to set transmission parameters of a paging channel carrying the paging message, and the synchronization signal being used by the first communication device for clock synchronization.

[0215] In some embodiments, the modulation waveform of the control channel is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform or the control channel is received using envelope detection, and / or the modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform or the synchronization signal is received using envelope detection.

[0216] In some embodiments, the coding scheme of the control channel is mandated by a protocol and / or the sequence of the synchronization signal is mandated by a protocol.

[0217] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of the paging channel include at least one of: a coding scheme for the paging channel, a transmission time length for the paging channel, and a coding rate for the paging channel.

[0218] In some embodiments, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives paging messages are target paging occasions within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions among pre-set paging occasions.

[0219] In some embodiments, the paging message is received by the first communication device in a targeted manner. The targeted manner is one of a plurality of manners, and the plurality of manners includes at least two of Scheme 1, Scheme 2, and Scheme 3. In Scheme 1, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are targeted paging occasions within each paging cycle. In Scheme 2, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions within a targeted paging window within each paging cycle. In Scheme 3, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are all paging occasions among preset paging occasions.

[0220] In some embodiments, the targeting scheme is pre-configured by the network device or pre-configured by the second communications device.

[0221] In some embodiments, the target paging occasion is determined based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device, and / or the target paging window is determined based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device.

[0222] In some embodiments, paging occasions within the same paging cycle are contiguous in the time domain or non-contiguous in the time domain.

[0223] In some embodiments, the start of the paging cycle is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the start of the paging cycle is determined based on a time domain position of the first target signal.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal.

[0225] In some embodiments, the starting position of the preset paging occasion is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the starting position of the preset paging occasion is determined based on a time domain position of a second target signal.

[0226] In some embodiments, the second target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal.

[0227] In some embodiments, the payload of the paging message includes at least one of identification information used to indicate a target of the paging message and access resource configuration information used to indicate resource configuration information for network access after receiving the paging message.

[0228] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of the first communication device, or is part of an identifier of the first communication device, or is an identifier of a plurality of communication devices, including the first communication device, that belongs to a group identified by the group identifier.

[0229] In some embodiments, when the identifying information is identifiers of multiple communication devices, the identifiers of the multiple communication devices are carried in a first information field of the paging message according to a first order.

[0230] In some embodiments, the first order is promised by a protocol or set by a network device.

[0231] In some embodiments, if the identification information is a group identifier, the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, or is determined based on a type of service performed by the first communication device, or is a group identifier pre-configured for the first communication device, or is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device.

[0232] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, the group identifier is: Group ID = device ID mod N, or Group ID=(device ID mod M)mod N It is identified based on: Group ID represents the group identifier, device ID represents the identifier of the first communication device, N represents the number of groups, M and N are both positive integers, and mod represents a modulo operation.

[0233] In some embodiments, M is the number of paging occasions in each paging cycle.

[0234] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on the type of service performed by the first communication device, different service types correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between service types and group identifiers is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0235] In some embodiments, if the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured in the first communication device, the group identifier is a group identifier that is pre-configured when the first communication device is shipped from the factory or that is configured by the network when the first communication device accesses the network.

[0236] In some embodiments, when the group identifier is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device, different information fields in the identifier of the first communication device correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the information fields of the first communication device and the group identifier is pre-configured by the network device or promised by a protocol.

[0237] In some embodiments, if the payload of the paging message does not include the identification information, or if the identification information included in the payload of the paging message is a target value, all communication devices that receive the paging message are paged.

[0238] In some embodiments, if the paging message includes the access resource configuration, the resource configuration information includes at least one of frequency domain information of the access resource, time domain information of the access resource, periodicity information of the access resource, and access control information.

[0239] In some embodiments, the modulated waveform of the paging message is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or an on-off keying (OOK) waveform, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) waveform, or a phase shift keying (PSK) waveform.

[0240] In some embodiments, the first communication device is an ambient IoT device or a zero-power device, and / or the second communication device is a network device, an access point (AP), a station (STA), a terminal device, or a relay device.

[0241] In some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system-on-chip.The processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0242] It should be noted that the communication device 400 according to the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the second communication device in the method embodiment of the present application, and the above and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the communication device 400 are for implementing the corresponding process of the second communication device in the method 200 shown in Fig. 11. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0243] Fig. 20 is a block diagram showing a communication device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 500 shown in Fig. 20 includes a processor 510. The processor 510 can implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application by calling and executing a computer program stored in a memory.

[0244] 20, the communication device 500 further includes a memory 520. The processor 510 can call and execute a computer program stored in the memory 520 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0245] The memory 520 may be separate and distinct from the processor 510 or may be integrated into the processor 510 .

[0246] 20, the communication device 500 may further include a transceiver 530. The processor 510 may control the transceiver 530 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 530 may transmit information or data to other devices or receive information or data transmitted by other devices.

[0247] The transceiver 530 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 530 may further include an antenna. The number of antennas may be one or more.

[0248] In some embodiments, the processor 510 may implement the functionality of a processing unit in the communications device 300. Alternatively, the processor 510 may implement the functionality of a processing unit in the communications device 400, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0249] In some embodiments, the transceiver 530 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 300, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0250] In some embodiments, the transceiver 530 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 400, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0251] In some embodiments, the communication device 500 may specifically be the first communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0252] In some embodiments, the communication device 500 may specifically be the second communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0253] Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 600 shown in Fig. 21 includes a processor 610. The processor 610 can implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application by calling and executing a computer program stored in a memory.

[0254] 21, the device 600 may further include a memory 620. The processor 610 may call and execute a computer program stored in the memory 620 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0255] The memory 620 may be separate and distinct from the processor 610 or may be integrated into the processor 610 .

[0256] In some embodiments, the processor 610 may implement the functionality of a processing unit in the communications device 300. Alternatively, the processor 610 may implement the functionality of a processing unit in the communications device 400, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0257] In some embodiments, the device 600 may further include an input interface 630. The processor 610 may control the input interface 630 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, the input interface 630 may receive information or data transmitted by other devices or chips. Optionally, the processor 610 may be located inside or outside the chip.

[0258] In some embodiments, the input interface 630 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 300. Alternatively, the input interface 630 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 400.

[0259] In some embodiments, the device 600 further includes an output interface 640. The processor 610 can control the output interface 640 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, the output interface 640 can output information or data to other devices or chips. Optionally, the processor 610 can be located inside or outside the chip.

[0260] In some embodiments, the output interface 640 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 300. Alternatively, the output interface 640 may implement the functionality of a communication unit in the communication device 400.

[0261] In some embodiments, the device can be applied to the first communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0262] In some embodiments, the device can be applied to the second communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0263] In some embodiments, an apparatus according to embodiments of the present application may be a chip, such as a system level chip, a system chip, a chip system, or a system-on-chip (SOC).

[0264] 22 is a block diagram showing a communication system 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 22, the communication system 700 includes a first communication device 710 and a second communication device 720.

[0265] The first communication device 710 may be configured to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first communication device in the above method, and the second communication device 720 may be configured to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second communication device in the above method, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0266] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit in the form of hardware of the processor or instructions in the form of software. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The processor may implement or execute various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be performed and completed directly by a hardware decoding processor, or may be performed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be stored in a storage medium well known in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is stored in the memory. The processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in cooperation with the processor hardware.

[0267] As can be appreciated, the memory of the embodiments of the present application can be volatile or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM) that functions as an external high-speed cache. By way of illustrative, but non-limiting example, various RAMs are available, including static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM). It should be noted that the memory in the systems and methods described herein may include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0268] It should be understood that the above memories are exemplary and not limiting. For example, the memories of the embodiments of the present application may be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous-link dynamic random access memory (synch-link DRAM, SLDRAM), direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM), etc. That is, the memories of the embodiments of the present application may include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0269] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium used to store a computer program.

[0270] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0271] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the second communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0272] Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including computer program instructions.

[0273] In some embodiments, the computer program product can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0274] In some embodiments, the computer program product can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause a computer to perform corresponding processes implemented by the second communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0275] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program.

[0276] In some embodiments, the computer program can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes corresponding processes implemented by the first communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0277] In some embodiments, the computer program can be applied to the communication device of the embodiments of the present application, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes corresponding processes implemented by the second communication device in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0278] It is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware in conjunction with each exemplary unit and algorithm operation described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the design constraints. Those skilled in the art can realize the described functions using different methods for each specific application, but these realizations should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0279] Those skilled in the art can understand that for ease and conciseness of description, the specific operation procedures of the above systems, devices and units can be referred to the corresponding processes of the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0280] It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be realized in other forms. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units represents merely a division of logical functions, and actual implementations may have other division forms. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not implemented. Furthermore, the couplings, direct couplings, and communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through several interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0281] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. Components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the technical solution of this embodiment.

[0282] Furthermore, each functional unit according to each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0283] The functions may be implemented as software functional units and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. In this understanding, an essential part of the technical solution of the present application, a part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution may be expressed as a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The storage medium includes various types of media capable of storing program code, such as a universal serial bus (USB) flash disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0284] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or replacements that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving a paging message by the first communication device; A wireless communication method comprising:

2. the paging message is carried by a paging channel; The transmission parameters of the paging channel are agreed upon by a protocol, or are set by a control channel associated with the paging channel, or are set by a broadcast message.

2. The method of claim 1 .

3. The method further comprises: the first communication device receiving a control channel and / or a synchronization signal; the control channel is used to set transmission parameters of a paging channel that carries the paging message, and the synchronization signal is used by the first communication device to perform clock synchronization; 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The modulation waveform of the control channel is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or the control channel is received using envelope detection; and / or The modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform, or the synchronization signal is received by envelope detection.

4. The method of claim 3.

5. the coding scheme of the control channel is specified by a protocol, and / or the sequence of the synchronization signal is specified by a protocol; 5. The method according to claim 3 or 4.

6. the transmission parameters of the paging channel include at least one of a coding scheme of the paging channel, a transmission time length of the paging channel, and a coding rate of the paging channel; 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5.

7. The paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are target paging occasions within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions among preset paging occasions; 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Receiving a paging message by the first communication device comprises: receiving the paging message by the first communication device in a targeted manner; the target method is one of a plurality of methods, the plurality of methods including at least two of Method 1, Method 2, and Method 3; In method 1, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are target paging occasions within each paging cycle; in method 2, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle; and in method 3, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all paging occasions among preset paging occasions.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. The target method is preset by the network device; 9. The method of claim 8.

10. The target paging occasion is determined based on at least one of an identification of the first communication device, a type of the first communication device, and a type of service performed by the first communication device; and / or The target paging window is identified based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

11. Paging occasions within the same paging cycle may be consecutive in time domain or non-consecutive in time domain; The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

12. the start position of the paging cycle is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the start position of the paging cycle is determined based on a time domain position of a first target signal.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11.

13. the first target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal; 13. The method of claim 12.

14. a start position of the predetermined paging occasion is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or a start position of the predetermined paging occasion is determined based on a time domain position of a second target signal; 10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

15. the second target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal; 15. The method of claim 14.

16. a payload of the paging message including at least one of identification information and access resource configuration; the identification information is used to indicate a target of paging by the paging message, and the access resource configuration is used to indicate resource configuration information for network access after receiving the paging message; 16. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. If the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of the first communication device, or a part of an identifier of the first communication device, or an identifier of a plurality of communication devices, or a group identifier; the plurality of communication devices includes the first communication device, and the first communication device belongs to a group identified by the group identifier; 17. The method of claim 16.

18. If the identification information is identifiers of multiple communication devices, the identifiers of the multiple communication devices are carried in a first information field of the paging message according to a first order.

18. The method of claim 17.

19. the first order is agreed upon by a protocol or set by a network device; 20. The method of claim 18.

20. If the identification information is a group identifier, the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, or is determined based on a type of service performed by the first communication device, or is a group identifier preset in the first communication device, or is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device.

18. The method of claim 17.

21. If the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, the group identifier may be: Group ID = device ID mod N, or Group ID=(device ID mod M) mod N are identified based on Group ID represents the group identifier, device ID represents the identifier of the first communication device, N represents the number of groups, M and N are both positive integers, and mod represents modulo operation.

21. The method of claim 20.

22. M is the number of paging occasions in each paging cycle.

22. The method of claim 21 .

23. When the group identifier is determined based on the type of service performed by the first communication device, different service types correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the service type and the group identifier is preset by the network device or agreed upon by a protocol.

21. The method of claim 20.

24. When the group identifier is a group identifier preset in the first communication device, the group identifier is a group identifier that is preset when the first communication device is shipped from a factory or that is set by a network when the first communication device accesses the network.

21. The method of claim 20.

25. When the group identifier is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device, different information fields in the identifier of the first communication device correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the information field of the first communication device and the group identifier is preset by a network device or agreed upon by a protocol.

21. The method of claim 20.

26. If the payload of the paging message does not include the identification information, or if the identification information included in the payload of the paging message is a target value, all communication devices that received the paging message are paged.

17. The method of claim 16.

27. When the paging message includes the access resource configuration, the resource configuration information includes at least one of frequency domain information of an access resource, time domain information of an access resource, periodicity information of an access resource, and access control information.

17. The method of claim 16.

28. The modulated waveform of the paging message is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or an on-off keying (OOK) waveform, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) waveform, or a phase shift keying (PSK) waveform; 28. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27.

29. the first communication device is an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device or a zero-power device; 29. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 28.

30. 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: transmitting a paging message from the second communication device to the first communication device; A wireless communication method comprising:

31. the paging message is carried by a paging channel; The transmission parameters of the paging channel are agreed upon by a protocol, or are set by a control channel associated with the paging channel, or are set by a broadcast message.

31. The method of claim 30.

32. The method further comprises: the second communication device transmitting a control channel and / or a synchronization signal; the control channel is used to set transmission parameters of a paging channel that carries the paging message, and the synchronization signal is used by the first communication device to perform clock synchronization; 32. The method of claim 30 or 31.

33. The modulation waveform of the control channel is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or the control channel is received using envelope detection; and / or The modulation waveform of the synchronization signal is an ASK waveform, or the synchronization signal is received by envelope detection.

33. The method of claim 32.

34. the coding scheme of the control channel is specified by a protocol, and / or the sequence of the synchronization signal is specified by a protocol; 34. The method of claim 32 or 33.

35. the transmission parameters of the paging channel include at least one of a coding scheme of the paging channel, a transmission time length of the paging channel, and a coding rate of the paging channel; 35. The method according to any one of claims 31 to 34.

36. The paging occasions at which the first communication device receives the paging message are target paging occasions within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle, or all paging occasions among preset paging occasions; 36. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 35.

37. the paging message is received in a targeted manner by the first communication device; the target method is one of a plurality of methods, the plurality of methods including at least two of Method 1, Method 2, and Method 3; In method 1, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are target paging occasions within each paging cycle; in method 2, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all paging occasions within a target paging window within each paging cycle; and in method 3, the paging occasions at which the first communication device receives a paging message are all paging occasions among preset paging occasions.

36. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 35.

38. The target method is preset by the network device or preset by the second communication device; 38. The method of claim 37.

39. The target paging occasion is determined based on at least one of an identification of the first communication device, a type of the first communication device, and a type of service performed by the first communication device; and / or The target paging window is identified based on at least one of identification information of the first communication device, type information of the first communication device, and type information of a service performed by the first communication device.

39. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 38.

40. Paging occasions within the same paging cycle may be consecutive in time domain or non-consecutive in time domain; 40. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 39.

41. the start position of the paging cycle is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or the start position of the paging cycle is determined based on a time domain position of a first target signal.

41. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 40.

42. the first target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal; 42. The method of claim 41 .

43. a start position of the predetermined paging occasion is determined based on a radio frame number and / or a slot number, or a start position of the predetermined paging occasion is determined based on a time domain position of a second target signal; 39. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 38.

44. the second target signal is one of a beacon signal, a synchronization signal, and a broadcast signal; 44. The method of claim 43.

45. a payload of the paging message including at least one of identification information and access resource configuration; the identification information is used to indicate a target of paging by the paging message, and the access resource configuration is used to indicate resource configuration information for network access after receiving the paging message; 45. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 44.

46. If the payload of the paging message includes the identification information, the identification information is an identifier of the first communication device, or a part of an identifier of the first communication device, or an identifier of a plurality of communication devices, or a group identifier; the plurality of communication devices includes the first communication device, and the first communication device belongs to a group identified by the group identifier; 46. ​​The method of claim 45.

47. If the identification information is identifiers of multiple communication devices, the identifiers of the multiple communication devices are carried in a first information field of the paging message according to a first order.

47. The method of claim 46.

48. the first order is agreed upon by a protocol or set by a network device; 48. The method of claim 47.

49. If the identification information is a group identifier, the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, or is determined based on a type of service performed by the first communication device, or is a group identifier preset in the first communication device, or is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device.

47. The method of claim 46.

50. If the group identifier is determined based on an identifier of the first communication device, the group identifier may be: Group ID = device ID mod N, or Group ID=(device ID mod M) mod N are identified based on Group ID represents the group identifier, device ID represents the identifier of the first communication device, N represents the number of groups, M and N are both positive integers, and mod represents modulo operation.

50. The method of claim 49.

51. M is the number of paging occasions in each paging cycle.

51. The method of claim 50.

52. When the group identifier is determined based on the type of service performed by the first communication device, different service types correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the service type and the group identifier is preset by the network device or agreed upon by a protocol.

50. The method of claim 49.

53. When the group identifier is a group identifier preset in the first communication device, the group identifier is a group identifier that is preset when the first communication device is shipped from a factory or that is set by a network when the first communication device accesses the network.

50. The method of claim 49.

54. When the group identifier is determined based on a target information field in the identifier of the first communication device, different information fields in the identifier of the first communication device correspond to different groups, and the correspondence between the information field of the first communication device and the group identifier is preset by a network device or agreed upon by a protocol.

50. The method of claim 49.

55. If the payload of the paging message does not include the identification information, or if the identification information included in the payload of the paging message is a target value, all communication devices that received the paging message are paged.

46. ​​The method of claim 45.

56. When the paging message includes the access resource configuration, the resource configuration information includes at least one of frequency domain information of an access resource, time domain information of an access resource, periodicity information of an access resource, and access control information.

46. ​​The method of claim 45.

57. The modulated waveform of the paging message is an amplitude shift keying (ASK) waveform, or an on-off keying (OOK) waveform, or a frequency shift keying (FSK) waveform, or a phase shift keying (PSK) waveform; 57. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 56.

58. the first communication device is an ambient Internet of Things (IoT) device or a zero-power device; and / or The second communication device is a network device, an access point (AP), a station (STA), a terminal device, or a relay device; 58. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 57.

59. 1. A communication device, comprising: the communication device is a first communication device and comprises a communication unit configured to receive a paging message; A communication device characterized by:

60. 1. A communication device, comprising: the communication device is a second communication device and comprises a communication unit configured to transmit a paging message to the first communication device; A communication device characterized by:

61. 1. A communication device, comprising: the communication device is a first communication device and includes a processor and a memory; The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 29. A communication device characterized by:

62. 1. A communication device, comprising: the communication device is a second communication device and comprises a processor and a memory; The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communications device to perform the method of any one of claims 30 to 58. A communication device characterized by:

63. A chip comprising a processor, The processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory to cause the device equipped with the chip to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 29. A chip characterized by:

64. A chip comprising a processor, The processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory to cause the device equipped with the chip to perform the method according to any one of claims 30 to 58. A chip characterized by:

65. 1. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, which, when executed, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 29. A computer-readable storage medium comprising:

66. 1. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, which, when executed, implements the method of any one of claims 30 to 58. A computer-readable storage medium comprising:

67. 1. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, When the computer program instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1 to 29 is realized.

1. A computer program product comprising:

68. 1. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, When the computer program instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 30 to 58 is realized.

1. A computer program product comprising:

69. A computer program comprising: When the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 29 is realized. A computer program characterized by:

70. A computer program comprising: When the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 30 to 58 is realized. A computer program characterized by:

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