Battery module, battery pack, and automobile including the battery pack

Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a battery module including: a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells stacked and arranged in one direction; a module case configured to house the cell stack; vent holes formed in the module case, the vent holes configured to discharge gas generated in the battery cells to the outside of the module case; and a cartridge, at least a portion of which is coupled to the module case, configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge toward the vent hole.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle including the battery pack, and more specifically to a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle including the battery module that can recognize gas generated in a battery cell and suppress the occurrence of a flame.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0074501, filed on June 9, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety in the specification and drawings thereof. [Background technology]

[0003] Secondary batteries, which have high applicability to each product group and electrical properties such as high energy density, are commonly used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), etc. These secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for improving energy efficiency, not only because they have the primary advantage of dramatically reducing the use of fossil fuels, but also because they are environmentally friendly as they do not produce any by-products from energy use.

[0004] Currently, secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries are widely used. When a high output voltage is required, a battery module or a battery pack is formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series. To increase the charge / discharge capacity, a battery module or a battery pack may also be formed by connecting multiple battery cells in parallel. Therefore, the number of battery cells included in a battery module or a battery pack can be variously set according to the required output voltage or charge / discharge capacity.

[0005] Meanwhile, when a battery pack is constructed by connecting a plurality of battery modules in series or in parallel, a battery module including at least one battery cell is generally constructed first, and other components are then added to the at least one battery module to construct a battery pack or battery rack. Alternatively, a battery pack may be constructed by connecting a plurality of battery cells in series or in parallel.

[0006] In conventional battery packs, abnormalities or misuse of battery cells can cause internal temperatures to rise, which can lead to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery cells. This internal pressure causes the battery cells to vent, releasing high-temperature gas. If heat continues to accumulate inside the battery module or battery pack due to the released high-temperature gas, rapid thermal propagation can occur between battery cells.

[0007] This can cause multiple battery cells to ignite simultaneously, making it difficult to contain the thermal event, which could ultimately lead to the battery module or battery pack exploding and causing significant damage.

[0008] In addition, when gas is emitted from a battery cell, particles of electrode plates or active materials in the battery cell may be released to the outside in a heated state, and these high-temperature particles may appear in the form of sparks. If the sparks react with oxygen during the process of being released, they may ignite the oxygen, causing a flame or spreading to a fire.

[0009] Meanwhile, such conventional battery modules or battery packs have multiple vent holes on one side of the module case or pack case to prevent internal heat buildup. For example, high-temperature gas emitted from a trigger battery cell when an event occurs is discharged in a specific direction through a specific vent hole at a position corresponding to the trigger battery cell among the multiple vent holes, thereby preventing internal heat buildup in the battery module or battery pack.

[0010] Furthermore, when a thermal event occurs in a particular battery cell, the battery module or battery pack must remove at least one of the elements that can cause a flame—fuel, oxygen, and heat—to prevent hot gases or sparks from reacting with oxygen to cause a flame. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery module that can ensure safety and reliability by suppressing the occurrence of a flame inside the module case when an abnormality occurs in a battery cell.

[0012] Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery pack that can ensure safety and reliability by suppressing the occurrence of a flame inside the pack case when an abnormality occurs in a battery cell.

[0013] Still another problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle having improved safety by including the above-mentioned battery module or battery pack.

[0014] However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following explanation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, one aspect of the present invention provides a battery module including: a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells stacked and arranged in one direction; a module case configured to house the cell stack; vent holes formed in the module case, the vent holes configured to discharge gas generated in the battery cells to the outside of the module case; and a cartridge, at least a portion of which is coupled to the module case, configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge toward the vent hole.

[0016] The vent hole may be provided on one side of the module case, and the cartridge may be provided on the other side of the module case to face the vent hole.

[0017] The module case may include a module bottom plate that supports the plurality of battery cells at a lower portion of the cell stack and has the vent holes formed therein, and a module top plate that is coupled to the module bottom plate and to which at least a portion of the cartridge is coupled.

[0018] The vent hole and the cartridge may be aligned vertically.

[0019] The cell stack may include a plurality of blocking members arranged in one direction between at least one of the battery cells, and the vent holes may be provided between adjacent blocking members among the plurality of blocking members.

[0020] A plurality of the cartridges may be provided so as to face the plurality of vent holes, respectively.

[0021] A plurality of the vent holes and cartridges may be provided on at least one side of the cell stack.

[0022] The battery module may further include a bus bar frame assembly disposed inside the module case and covering at least one side of the cell stack, and the plurality of vent holes and cartridge may be disposed inside the bus bar frame assembly.

[0023] The battery module may further include a gas recognition sensor provided inside the module case and configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell, and when the gas recognition sensor recognizes the generation of gas, carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge may be configured to be discharged toward the vent hole.

[0024] The cartridge may include a cylinder portion including a storage portion having a space therein for storing carbon dioxide, and a discharge portion extending from the storage portion and discharging the carbon dioxide.

[0025] The diameter of the outlet may be smaller than the diameter of the reservoir.

[0026] The cartridge may further include an actuator coupled to the cylinder portion and configured to discharge carbon dioxide from the cylinder portion when the gas recognition sensor recognizes generation of gas.

[0027] The actuation portion may be configured to be electrically connected to the gas recognition sensor.

[0028] Another aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack including a battery module according to an aspect of the present invention.

[0029] Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle including a battery pack according to an aspect of the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, in order to solve the other problems described above, one aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack including: a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells stacked and arranged in one direction; a pack case configured to house the cell stack; a vent device provided in the pack case, the vent device configured to discharge gas generated in the battery cells to the outside of the pack case; and a cartridge, at least a portion of which is coupled to the pack case, configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge toward the vent device.

[0031] The pack case may include a pack bottom frame configured to support the lower part of the cell stack and in which the vent device is provided, and a pack top frame coupled to the pack bottom frame and to which at least a portion of the cartridge is coupled.

[0032] The vent device and the cartridge may be arranged to face each other along a vertical direction.

[0033] The cell stack may include a plurality of blocking members arranged in one direction between at least one of the battery cells, and the vent device may be provided in plurality between adjacent blocking members among the plurality of blocking members.

[0034] A plurality of the cartridges may be provided so as to face the plurality of vent devices, respectively.

[0035] A plurality of the vent devices and cartridges may be provided on at least one side of the cell stack.

[0036] The battery pack may further include a gas recognition sensor provided inside the pack case and configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell, and when the gas recognition sensor recognizes generation of gas, carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge may be configured to be discharged toward the vent device.

[0037] A plurality of the cell stacks may be provided, and the pack case may further include a partition wall provided inside the pack bottom frame to separate the plurality of cell stacks.

[0038] Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle including a battery pack according to an aspect of the present invention. [Effects of the Invention]

[0039] According to one aspect of the present invention, the safety and reliability of the battery module or battery pack can be ensured by eliminating factors that could cause a flame to occur in the event of an abnormal condition in the battery cell and suppressing the occurrence of a flame inside the module case or pack case.

[0040] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, when an abnormality occurs in the battery cell, sparks emitted from the battery cell can be prevented from igniting oxygen, thereby suppressing the occurrence of a flame.

[0041] Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, when an abnormality occurs in a battery cell, vent gas is quickly discharged to the outside of the module case or pack case to suppress the occurrence of a flame, and other battery cells are prevented from being thermally damaged to the greatest extent possible, thereby effectively ensuring the ability to prevent heat propagation within the module or pack.

[0042] The present invention can also provide various other effects, which will be described in the respective embodiments, but the description of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.

[0043] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention, are intended to facilitate a further understanding of the technical concept of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be analyzed limitedly by the matters described in the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0044] [Figure 1] 1 is an assembled perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the XZ plane of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 10A and 10B are views illustrating a direction in which a cartridge operates in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the XY plane of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 is an exploded perspective view of a cell stack and a bus bar frame assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 8] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the YZ plane of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 3 is a diagram illustrating a gas recognition sensor included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 10] 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating a detailed structure of a cartridge included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 10A and 10B are views illustrating the position of an operating part of a cartridge included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12]1 is a perspective view of a battery pack including a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an assembled perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a bottom view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a direction in which a cartridge operates in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0045] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms and words used in the specification and claims are not interpreted as being limited to their general or dictionary meanings, but are interpreted as having meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical ideas of the present invention, in accordance with the principle that the inventors themselves can appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe the invention.

[0046] Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification and the illustrated configurations are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical idea of ​​the present invention, and that there may be various equivalents and modifications that can replace them at the time of this application.

[0047] In the drawings, the size of each component or specific parts constituting the component may be exaggerated, omitted, or schematically illustrated for convenience and clarity of explanation. Therefore, the size of each component does not solely reflect the actual size. Furthermore, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known functions or configurations may obscure the gist of the present invention, such description will be omitted. Furthermore, in this specification, terms indicating directions are terms based on the components shown in the drawings and are relative terms that may change depending on the actual posture or position of the components.

[0048] Meanwhile, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back in this specification are used merely for the convenience of explanation, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that they may change depending on the position of the object in question or the position of the observer, etc.

[0049] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the illustrated X-axis direction may refer to the left-right direction, the Y-axis direction may refer to the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction on a horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction may refer to the up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0050] FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] 1 to 3, a battery module 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a cell stack 100, a module case 200, a vent hole H, and a cartridge 300.

[0052] The cell stack 100 may include a battery cell 110. A plurality of the battery cells 110 may be provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of battery cells 110 may be arranged side by side in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) while standing in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). In this case, the sealing portion of each battery cell 110 may face the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) and the up-down direction (Z-axis direction), and the storage portion may face the left-right direction (X-axis direction).

[0053] The present invention is not limited by the specific type or shape of the battery cell 110, and various battery cells 110 known at the time of filing of the present invention may be used to configure the cell stack 100 of the present invention. In this embodiment, as shown in the drawing, a pouch-type secondary battery that has high energy density and is easy to stack is targeted, but it goes without saying that a cylindrical secondary battery or a prismatic secondary battery may also be used as the battery cell 110.

[0054] The cell stack 100 may further include a blocking member 120. The blocking member 120 may be provided between the battery cells 110. In particular, a plurality of blocking members 120 may be included in one cell stack 100. The blocking member 120 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 6.

[0055] The battery module 10 of the present invention may further include a bus bar frame assembly 500. The bus bar frame assembly 500 may be installed inside the module case 200 and configured to cover at least one side of the cell stack 100. The bus bar frame assembly 500 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

[0056] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the module case 200 may be configured to form an internal space and accommodate the cell stack 100 in the internal space.

[0057] The module case 200 may be configured so that the cell stack 100 can be inserted into it in one direction. For example, the cell stack 100 can be inserted into it along the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the module case 200. That is, the module case 200 may be configured so that the cell stack 100 can be inserted into it by sliding or interference fit. Due to the interference fit connection, there may be almost no gap between the top and bottom surfaces of the module case 200 and the top and bottom ends of the cell stack 100, and there may also be almost no gap between both side surfaces of the module case 200 and both sides of the cell stack 100.

[0058] Such a module case 200 may be made of a metal material that is rigid and heat-resistant in order to physically and chemically protect the housed battery cells 110 .

[0059] Meanwhile, the battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include vent holes H. The vent holes H may be configured to exhaust gas generated in the battery cells 110 to the outside of the module case 200. The vent holes H are formed in the module case 200 to enable directional venting in one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of vent holes H are formed in the lower surface of the module case 200, and directional ventilation of the battery module 10 downward is enabled through the vent holes H.

[0060] 3, the vent holes H may be provided at regular intervals along the left-right direction (X-axis direction) at positions near both ends in the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the lower surface of the module case 200. According to this embodiment, in a situation where any one of the plurality of battery cells 110 experiences thermal runaway and generates gas, etc., the gas can be quickly vented downward from both sides of the module case 200 in a directional manner.

[0061] The battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a cartridge 300. The cartridge 300 may be configured to store carbon dioxide therein. The carbon dioxide may be stored in a liquid state under high pressure inside the cartridge 300. For example, the cartridge 300 may be a commercially available cartridge used to inflate tires of bicycles or the like with carbon dioxide. The cartridge 300 may be used together with an inflator or an adapter.

[0062] At least a portion of the cartridge 300 may be coupled to the module case 200. The position of the cartridge 300 will be described in detail below. The cartridge 300 may be configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored therein toward a vent hole H. That is, the cartridge 300 may be configured to purge the gas by carbon dioxide stored therein and discharge it through the vent hole H.

[0063] According to this embodiment, when a thermal event occurs in a specific battery cell 110, the carbon dioxide discharged from the cartridge 300 allows high-temperature gases to be discharged more quickly through the vent hole H. This reduces the internal pressure of the battery module 10, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0064] Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, high-temperature gas, which is one of the factors that can cause a fire, is removed, thereby suppressing the occurrence of a fire inside the module case 200 and ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery module 10. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, other battery cells 110 are prevented from being thermally damaged to the greatest extent possible, and the performance of preventing heat propagation within the battery module 10 as a whole can be effectively ensured.

[0065] Meanwhile, when gas is emitted from the battery cell 110, particles of the electrode plate and active material within the battery cell 110 may be heated to a high temperature and discharged to the outside, and these high-temperature particles appear in the form of sparks. In this case, if the sparks ignite oxygen in the process of being discharged to the outside of the battery module 10, a flame may occur or the fire may spread. However, the battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the cartridge 300, which can prevent ignition.

[0066] Specifically, the carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300 is heavier than oxygen, and when released onto a combustible material, it forms a non-combustible layer on the surface of the combustible material. Therefore, when carbon dioxide is discharged from the cartridge 300, it is possible to cut off the supply of oxygen, which is one of the elements that cause a flame to form.

[0067] According to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide discharged from the cartridge 300 can purge the oxygen inside the module case 200. This removes oxygen, which is one of the elements that can cause a flame, and can prevent a spark from reacting with oxygen inside the module case 200 to cause a flame.

[0068] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the XZ plane of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a view illustrating the direction in which a cartridge operates in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] The vent hole H of the battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided on one side of the module case 200, and the cartridge 300 may be provided on the other side of the module case 200 to face the vent hole H. Here, the other side of the module case 200 may be located facing the one side of the module case 200. For example, the vent hole H and the cartridge 300 may be provided on the top and bottom surfaces or both sides of the module case 200, respectively.

[0070] 2 and 4, the module case 200 may include a module bottom plate 210 and a module top plate 220. The module bottom plate 210 may be configured to support a plurality of battery cells 110 at a lower portion of the cell stack 100. A vent hole H may be formed in the module bottom plate 210. In addition, the module top plate 220 may be coupled to the module bottom plate 210. At least a portion of the cartridge 300 may be coupled to the module top plate 220.

[0071] Specifically, referring primarily to FIG. 2, the module case 200 of the battery module 10 according to this embodiment may be configured such that a module bottom plate 210 and a module top plate 220 cover the upper, lower, and both sides of a space formed inside the module case 200.

[0072] The module case 200 may also include a pair of end plates 230 covering the front and rear of the space, respectively. This allows the module case 200 to have a substantially hexahedral shape. Although not shown for convenience, the end plates 230 may include, for example, an insulating material on the inside and a metal material on the outside. The end plates 230 may also include holes or slits in some parts to expose components exposed to the outside, such as the positive and negative terminals or connectors of the battery module 10.

[0073] Alternatively, the modular case 200 may be configured in various other forms. For example, the modular case 200 may be configured with a left side panel, a right side panel, and a bottom panel integrated into one unit. In this case, the integrated case may also be called a U-frame. The U-frame may be tubular with a top plate welded to its upper surface. Alternatively, the modular case 200 may include a box-shaped lower case with a left side panel, a right side panel, a front panel, and a rear panel integrated into one unit, and an upper cover that closes the upper open end of the lower case.

[0074] In the case of such a U-frame-shaped module case 200, the cell stack 100 and the bus bar frame assembly 500 are assembled and placed inside the U-frame, and then the module top plate 220 is coupled to the upper end of the U-frame, and then the end plate 230 is coupled thereto, thereby assembling the battery module 10.

[0075] Unlike the present embodiment, the module case 200 may be formed as a monoframe. Although not shown, the monoframe may be a substantially rectangular tubular shape. In the case of such a monoframe-shaped module case 200, the cell stack 100 and the bus bar frame assembly 500 are assembled and then inserted into the monoframe in a sliding manner, and the battery module 10 can be assembled by coupling end plates 230 to both open ends of the monoframe.

[0076] 2, adhesive thermal resin 400 may be further included between the module top plate 220 and the cell stack 100, and between the module bottom plate 210 and the cell stack 100. By applying the thermal resin 400, the fixation of the plurality of battery cells 110 can be strengthened. In addition, the heat transfer rate between the plurality of battery cells 110 and the module case 200 is increased, so that heat from the battery cells 110 can be more efficiently dissipated to the outside during charging and discharging. In particular, by applying the thermal resin 400 so that no empty space (air layer) is formed between the module bottom plate 210 and the battery cells 110, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cells 110 can be maximized.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vent hole H and the cartridge 300 may be aligned in a vertical direction. For example, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the cartridge 300 and the vent hole H may be aligned in a Z-axis direction.

[0078] According to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300 is discharged directly toward the vent hole H (see the thick black arrow in FIG. 5), and high-temperature gases and oxygen discharged into the vent hole H can be purged (see the dotted gray arrow in FIG. 5). This eliminates factors that could cause a flame when an abnormality occurs in the battery cell 110, and suppresses the occurrence of a flame inside the module case 200, thereby ensuring safety and reliability.

[0079] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view along the XY plane of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Meanwhile, as described above, the plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked and arranged in one direction in the cell stack 100. For example, referring mainly to Fig. 2, the plurality of battery cells 110 of the present embodiment may be stacked in a form in which they are arranged in a horizontal direction, for example, a left-right direction (X-axis direction), with each battery cell standing in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

[0081] In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 6 , the cell stack 100 may further include a blocking member 120. The blocking member 120 may be provided between the battery cells 110. In particular, a plurality of blocking members 120 may be included in one cell stack 100. In this case, the plurality of blocking members 120 may be arranged at predetermined distances along one direction, i.e., the stacking direction (X-axis direction) of the battery cells 110. The plurality of blocking members 120 may also be provided at regular intervals between at least one battery cell 110 (e.g., for every one or more battery cells 110). For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , if the battery cells 110 are pouch-type battery cells, the blocking member 120 may face and contact both surfaces of at least some of the pouch-type battery cells 110. In this embodiment, a plurality of blocking members 120 may be provided, each disposed between at least two battery cells 110.

[0082] The blocking member 120 may be in the form of a compressible pad and may be made of a material having excellent heat resistance and / or fire resistance, such as silicone, aerogel, mica, etc. Since the blocking member 120 is a compressible pad, it may contribute to the structural rigidity of the battery cell 110 by compressing the battery cell 110 when the battery cell 110 swells.

[0083] In addition, when an internal fire occurs in the battery module 10, the heat-resistant and / or fire-resistant blocking member 120 can function as a thermal barrier that blocks hot air, such as a flame generated in the ignited battery cell 110, from progressing in the stacking direction of the battery cells 110. This can minimize heat transfer to adjacent battery cells 110. The blocking member 120 can block not only heat but also high-temperature gas, flame, and discharge generated in the battery cell 110. As a result, the blocking member 120 can partition or separate the multiple battery cells 110, preventing the spread of fire between the battery cells 110.

[0084] Meanwhile, in such an embodiment, a plurality of the vent holes H may be provided. In particular, the vent holes H may be provided between adjacent blocking members 120 among the plurality of blocking members 120.

[0085] According to this configuration, gas and the like emitted from the battery cells 110 housed between adjacent blocking members 120 is discharged to the outside of the module case 200 only through the vent hole H located between the adjacent blocking members 120. That is, since the entire outer periphery of the vent hole H is blocked, downward directional venting of the gas can be more effectively guided. In addition, according to this embodiment, gas and the like can be prevented from moving and diffusing from the blocking member 120 to another blocking member 120 adjacent to the blocking member 120.

[0086] Furthermore, a plurality of cartridges 300 may be provided. The cartridges 300 may be provided so as to face the plurality of vent holes H, respectively. That is, as described above, the vent holes H and the cartridges 300 may be arranged on a straight line along the vertical direction between adjacent blocking members 120 among the plurality of blocking members 120.

[0087] According to this embodiment, carbon dioxide discharged from a cartridge 300 housed between adjacent blocking members 120 can be discharged only toward the vent hole H located between the adjacent blocking members 120. In other words, since the entire outer periphery of the vent hole H is blocked, carbon dioxide is discharged only to the vent hole H facing the specific cartridge 300, which can more effectively induce purging of oxygen, gas, etc. between the adjacent blocking members 120.

[0088] FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a cell stack and a bus bar frame assembly of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along the YZ plane of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Meanwhile, the plurality of vent holes H and cartridges 300 may be provided on at least one side of the cell stack 100. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, the vent holes H and cartridges 300 may be provided on both sides of the cell stack 100 in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction).

[0090] The battery module 10 of the present invention may further include a bus bar frame assembly 500. The bus bar frame assembly 500 may be provided inside the module case 200 and configured to cover at least one side of the cell stack 100. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 , the bus bar frame assembly 500 may be coupled to the front and rear of the cell stack 100.

[0091] Meanwhile, the plurality of battery cells 110 may each be provided with an electrode lead 112. Specifically, the plurality of battery cells 110 may include an electrode assembly, a cell case 111 that houses the electrode assembly, and an electrode lead 112 that is connected to the electrode assembly and drawn out to the outside of the cell case 111 to function as an electrode terminal.

[0092] The electrode leads 112 are provided in pairs, and the pair of electrode leads 112 may be drawn out from both ends of the battery cell 110, i.e., in the longitudinal direction (±Y direction). In this case, the pair of electrode leads 112 may be a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead. If necessary, the battery cell 110 may have two electrode leads 112 located only at one end in the Y-axis direction, for example, at the end in the +Y-axis direction.

[0093] The bus bar frame assembly 500 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 7. The bus bar frame assembly 500 may include a bus bar frame 510 and a plurality of bus bars 520. The bus bar frame 510 may be coupled to a front open end and a rear open end of the cell stack 100. The bus bar frame 510 may have slits that allow the electrode leads 112 of the battery cells 110 to extend in the +Y-axis direction or the −Y-axis direction. The bus bar frame 510 may be formed of an electrically insulating material, such as a plastic material, and may be configured to allow the bus bars 520 to be attached to its outer surface.

[0094] In addition, the bus bar frame 510 may be connected to the front or rear of the cell stack 100 so as to be able to be connected by a tight fit. For example, the bus bar frame 510 may have a connection groove 511 on an inner surface facing the cell stack 100.

[0095] 6 and 7, the coupling groove 511 may be formed so that the end portion of the blocking member 120 is fitted to a predetermined depth. In this case, the coupling groove 511 may be configured so that the end portion of the blocking member 120 is tightly fitted into the coupling groove 511.

[0096] A plurality of such coupling grooves 511 may be provided along the stacking direction of the blocking members 120. The number of the coupling grooves 511 may be as many as necessary depending on the number of stacked blocking members 120. Therefore, in the battery module 10 according to the present embodiment, the bus bar frames 510 having such coupling grooves 511 are coupled to the front and rear of the cell stack 100, so that the stacked blocking members 120 can be stably housed in the module case 200 without using a separate binding member.

[0097] Meanwhile, the plurality of bus bars 520 are means for connecting the plurality of battery cells 110 in series and / or parallel, and may be made of a metal material such as copper, aluminum, or nickel, and may be rod-shaped. The electrode leads 112 of the battery cells 110 may pass through slits in the bus bar frame 510 and be drawn out to the outside of the bus bar frame 510, and the drawn-out portions may be attached to the surfaces of the bus bars 520 by welding or the like. The plurality of battery cells 110 may be connected in series and / or parallel by welding the electrode leads 112 of the battery cells 110 to the bus bars 520 from the front and rear of the cell stack 100 according to a predetermined pattern.

[0098] Two of the bus bars 520 to which the electrode leads 112 of the plurality of battery cells 110 are attached are used as electrode terminals of the battery module 10. Here, the bus bars 520 used as electrode terminals of the battery module 10 are particularly referred to as terminal bus bars 521, and the terminal bus bars 521 include a positive terminal bus bar and a negative terminal bus bar. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the terminal bus bar 521 may be provided in a form that extends longer than the other bus bars 520, and one end thereof may be exposed to the outside of the module case 200 as shown in FIG. 1.

[0099] 8, the module case 200 has an internal space for housing the cell stack 100 and the bus bar frame assembly 500 and protecting the cell stack 100 from the outside. The module case 200 is preferably made of a metal material with high mechanical rigidity. However, the module case 200 does not necessarily have to be made of a metal material.

[0100] 8 , the plurality of vent holes H and cartridge 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided inside the bus bar frame assembly 500. According to this embodiment, when an abnormal situation occurs in the battery cell 110, the cartridge 300 is activated to discharge carbon dioxide before high-temperature gas passes through the slits of the bus bar frame 510, thereby guiding the high-temperature gas to be quickly discharged through the vent hole H.

[0101] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a gas recognition sensor included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] Meanwhile, the battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a gas recognition sensor 600. The gas recognition sensor 600 may be configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell 110. The gas recognition sensor 600 may be provided inside the module case 200.

[0103] If high-temperature vent gas is continuously discharged from the battery cell 110, there is a risk that adjacent battery cells 110 may ignite one after another, or that thermal runaway may occur inside the module case 200, leading to the spread of an explosion or other serious problems. Therefore, the battery module 10 of the present invention may be configured such that, if the gas recognition sensor 600 recognizes the generation of gas, the carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300 is discharged toward the vent hole H. That is, whether the cartridge 300 is operated or not may be determined depending on whether the gas recognition sensor 600 recognizes the gas.

[0104] According to this embodiment, the cartridge 300 is selectively operated only when there is a serious risk of explosion or the like depending on whether the gas recognition sensor 600 detects gas inside the module case 200, and the vent gas can be effectively discharged through the vent hole H. As a result, according to this embodiment, the vent gas, which is one of the factors that cause a flame, can be discharged and removed to the outside of the module case 200, thereby suppressing the occurrence of a flame.

[0105] 9, the gas recognition sensor 600 may be installed in the vent hole H. The gas recognition sensor 600, the cartridge 300, and the vent hole H may be arranged side by side in one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the gas recognition sensor 600, the cartridge 300, and the vent hole H may be arranged side by side in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). According to this embodiment, the gas recognition sensor 600 is installed inside the vent hole H, which is a passage through which the vent gas is discharged, and can detect the vent gas discharged from the vent hole H.

[0106] A plurality of the gas recognition sensors 600 may be provided, and the plurality of gas recognition sensors 600 may be provided at the plurality of vent holes H, respectively. According to the present embodiment, when vent gas is generated in a specific battery cell 110, the gas recognition sensor 600 provided at the vent hole H facing the specific battery cell 110 can individually recognize the vent gas. As a result, no matter which battery cell 110 generates vent gas, the vent gas can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the module case 200 and removed.

[0107] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a detailed structure of a cartridge included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] The cartridge 300 may include a cylinder part 310. The cylinder part 310 may include a storage part 311 having a space therein for storing carbon dioxide, and an exhaust part 312 extending from the storage part 311 to exhaust the carbon dioxide. As shown in Figures 4 and 8, the storage part 311 may be coupled to the module top plate 220. In this case, the exhaust part 312 may protrude from the storage part 311 toward the inside of the module case 200, i.e., toward the vent hole H.

[0109] The diameter d of the discharge portion 312 may be smaller than the diameter D of the storage portion 311. The discharge portion 312 may be made of a material having a lower melting point than the storage portion 311. The discharge portion 312 may be configured to have a melting point similar to the temperature of a flame, so that it melts when a flame occurs and discharges carbon dioxide.

[0110] According to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide that is quickly discharged through the discharge portion 312 of the cartridge 300 instantly purges and removes vent gas and oxygen, which are elements that generate a flame, thereby suppressing the generation of a flame.

[0111] FIG. 11 is a view for explaining the position of an operating part of a cartridge included in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0112] Meanwhile, the cartridge 300 may further include an actuator 320. The actuator 320 may be configured to be connected to the cylinder part 310. The actuator 320 may have any configuration that allows carbon dioxide to be discharged from the cylinder part 310.

[0113] In addition, the operating unit 320 may be configured to be electrically connected to the gas recognition sensor 600. Thus, even if the operating unit 320 and the gas recognition sensor 600 are not directly connected physically, the operating unit 320 may be configured to discharge carbon dioxide from the cylinder unit 310 when the gas recognition sensor 600 recognizes the generation of gas.

[0114] For example, a battery pack (reference numeral 1 in FIG. 12 , described below) including a plurality of battery modules 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a BMS (Battery Management System) or BMU (Battery Management Unit) and be capable of processing various information. The BMS or BMU may transmit and receive information to and from various control devices via a communication bus such as a Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or a Controller Area Network (CAN) interface. The BMS or BMU may also transmit and receive information to and from each battery module 10 or a cell supervision circuit (CSC) of each battery module 10.

[0115] Information recognized by the gas recognition sensor 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention may constitute sensing data of the CSC. In this embodiment, the information recognized by the gas recognition sensor 600 may be transmitted to the BMS or BMU. The BMS or BMU may be connected to the actuator 320 through a communication bus such as an SPI or CAN interface. The information recognized by the gas recognition sensor 600 is transmitted to the BMS or BMU, and the BMS and BMU may send a drive signal for the actuator 320 to the actuator 320. The actuator 320, which has received the drive signal, may be configured to discharge carbon dioxide from the cylinder portion 310.

[0116] 11, the actuator 320 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided in the space between the module top plate 220 and the cell stack 100. The actuator 320 may be attached to the lower surface of the module top plate 220. For example, a plurality of actuators 320 may be provided so as to be individually connected to a plurality of cylinder portions 310.

[0117] According to this embodiment, since the plurality of operating parts 320 are individually connected to the plurality of cylinder parts 310, carbon dioxide can be discharged from a specific cylinder part 310 according to the position of a specific battery cell 110 where vent gas or the like is generated, thereby efficiently suppressing the occurrence of a flame.

[0118] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a battery pack including a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0119] 12, a battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery modules 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention described above. A plurality of battery modules 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided in the battery pack 1. For example, the plurality of battery modules 10 may be arranged side by side in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) as shown in FIG.

[0120] The battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a pack case 20 for accommodating the above-mentioned components together with a BMS current sensor, fuses, etc. for integrally controlling the charging and discharging of one or more battery modules 10. The pack case 20 may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules 10.

[0121] Furthermore, the battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a vent device V. The vent device V may be provided in the pack case 20. The vent device V may be configured to discharge gas generated in the battery module 10 to the outside of the pack case 20 when an abnormal condition occurs in the battery module 10. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 , a plurality of vent devices V may be formed on the bottom surface of the pack case 20, and the vent devices V may be connected to vent holes H of the battery module 10. According to this embodiment, vent gas discharged through the vent holes H is discharged downward through the vent device V, enabling directional venting.

[0122] FIG. 13 is an assembled perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 15 is a bottom view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] A battery pack 1' according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 13 to 15. The same reference numerals as in the above-described embodiment indicate the same components, and redundant descriptions of the same components will be omitted, with differences from the above-described embodiment being mainly described.

[0124] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack 1' according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a cell stack 100', a pack case 20', a vent device V', and a cartridge 300'.

[0125] The cell stack 100' according to another embodiment of the present invention may be housed in a pack case 20'. In other words, the pack case 20' according to another embodiment of the present invention may be configured to house the cell stack 100'. Although the drawings show an example in which the cell stack 100' is housed in a module case without a module top plate 220 as shown in FIG. 2, the cell stack 100' may be housed directly in the pack case 20' without a separate module case, thereby implementing a so-called cell-to-pack structure.

[0126] The battery pack 1′ may further include a vent device V′. The vent device V′ may be provided in the pack case 20′. The vent device V′ may be configured to exhaust gas generated in the battery cell 110′ to the outside of the pack case 20′ when an abnormality occurs in the battery cell 110′. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of vent devices V′ may be formed on the bottom surface of the pack case 20′, allowing downward directional ventilation through the vent devices V′.

[0127] A battery pack 1' according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a cartridge 300'. The cartridge 300' may be configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored therein toward a vent device V'. The cartridge 300' is disposed in a position parallel to and facing the vent device V', so that when a thermal event occurs in a specific battery cell 110', high-temperature gases and the like are discharged more quickly through the vent device V'. This reduces the internal pressure of the pack case 20', thereby reducing the risk of explosion and the like.

[0128] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, by removing high-temperature gas, which is one of the factors that cause flames, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of flames inside the pack case 20', thereby ensuring safety and reliability.

[0129] Meanwhile, when gas is emitted from the battery cell 110′, particles of the electrode plate and active material within the battery cell 110′ may be heated to a high temperature and discharged to the outside, and these high-temperature particles may appear in the form of sparks. In this case, if the sparks ignite oxygen during the discharge of the sparks to the outside of the battery cell 110′, a flame may occur or the fire may spread.

[0130] The carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300' is heavier than oxygen, and when released onto a combustible material, it forms a non-combustible layer on the surface of the combustible material. Therefore, when the carbon dioxide is discharged from the cartridge 300', it can block the supply of oxygen, which is one of the elements that cause a flame. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide discharged from the cartridge 300' can purge the oxygen inside the pack case 20'. This removes oxygen, which is one of the elements that cause a flame, and prevents a spark from reacting with oxygen inside the pack case 20' to cause a flame.

[0131] Meanwhile, the pack case 20' may include a pack bottom frame 21' and a pack top frame 22'. The pack bottom frame 21' may be configured to support a lower portion of the cell stack 100'. A vent device V' may be provided on the pack bottom frame 21'.

[0132] The pack top frame 22' may be coupled to the pack bottom frame 21'. At least a portion of a cartridge 300' may be coupled to the pack top frame 22'. In this case, the vent device V' and the cartridge 300' may be arranged to face each other in the vertical direction.

[0133] In addition, the pack case 20' may include a pair of side frames 23' that respectively cover the front and rear of the cell stack 100', thereby forming the pack case 20' in a substantially hexahedral shape.

[0134] FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the direction in which the cartridge operates in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] In a battery pack 1' according to another embodiment of the present invention, the cell stack 100' may include a plurality of blocking members 120' arranged in one direction between at least one battery cell 110'. The plurality of blocking members 120' may be provided inside a pack case 20'. A plurality of the vent devices V' may be provided. In particular, the vent device V' may be provided between adjacent blocking members of the plurality of blocking members 120'.

[0136] Specifically, referring further to Figure 15, the vent devices V' can be installed at positions near both ends of the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the pack bottom frame 21', spaced apart at regular intervals along the left-right direction (X-axis direction).

[0137] Furthermore, a plurality of cartridges 300' according to the present invention may be provided. Referring to Fig. 16, the cartridges 300' may be provided so as to face the plurality of vent devices V', respectively. That is, the vent devices V' and the cartridges 300' may be arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction between adjacent blocking members 120' among the plurality of blocking members 120'.

[0138] According to this embodiment, the carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300′ is discharged directly toward the vent device V′, and high-temperature gases and oxygen discharged through the vent device V′ can be purged. This eliminates factors that may cause a flame when an abnormality occurs in the battery cell 110, and suppresses the occurrence of a flame inside the pack case 20′, thereby ensuring safety and reliability.

[0139] Also, with this configuration, gases and the like emitted from the battery cells 110' housed between adjacent blocking members 120' are discharged downward through only the vent device V' located between the specific adjacent blocking members 120'. That is, since the entire outer periphery of the vent device V' is sealed, carbon dioxide is discharged only from the vent device V' facing the specific cartridge 300', which more effectively induces purging of oxygen, gases, and the like between the adjacent blocking members 120'. Also, according to this embodiment, gases and the like can be prevented from moving and diffusing from the blocking member 120' to other adjacent blocking members 120'.

[0140] Meanwhile, the plurality of vent devices V' and cartridges 300' may be provided on at least one side of the cell stack 100'. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 14, the vent devices V' and cartridges 300' may be provided on both sides of the cell stack 100' in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction).

[0141] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 14, a plurality of the cell stacks 100' may be provided. The pack case 20' may further include a partition wall 24'. The partition wall 24' may be provided on a pack bottom frame 21'. The partition wall 24' may be provided to separate the plurality of cell stacks 100' inside the pack bottom frame 21'. A plurality of the partition walls 24' may be provided, spaced apart by a predetermined interval. For example, the partition wall 24' may include a plurality of walls extending in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction.

[0142] According to this embodiment, the partition wall 24' separates the multiple cell stacks 100', thereby preventing heat from propagating to other cell stacks 100' even if an abnormal condition occurs in one cell stack 100'.

[0143] 16, a battery pack 1' according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a gas recognition sensor 600'. The gas recognition sensor 600' may be configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell 110'. The gas recognition sensor 600' may be provided inside the pack case 20'.

[0144] If high-temperature vent gas is continuously discharged from the battery cell 110', there is a risk that adjacent battery cells 110' will not ignite one after another, but that thermal runaway will occur inside the pack case 20', leading to the spread of an explosion or other serious problems. Therefore, the battery pack 1' of the present invention may be configured so that, if the gas recognition sensor 600' recognizes the generation of gas, carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge 300' is discharged toward the vent device V'. In other words, whether the cartridge 300' is activated may be determined depending on whether the gas recognition sensor 600' recognizes the gas.

[0145] According to this embodiment, the cartridge 300' is selectively activated only when there is a serious risk of explosion or the like depending on whether the gas recognition sensor 600' detects gas inside the pack case 20', and the vent gas can be effectively discharged through the vent device V'. As a result, according to this embodiment, the vent gas, which is one of the factors that cause a flame, can be discharged and removed to the outside of the pack case 20', thereby suppressing the occurrence of a flame.

[0146] Referring to FIG. 16, the gas recognition sensor 600' may be provided in a vent device V'. The gas recognition sensor 600', the cartridge 300', and the vent device V' may be arranged side by side in one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the gas recognition sensor 600', the cartridge 300', and the vent device V' may be arranged side by side in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). According to this embodiment, the gas recognition sensor 600' is provided inside the vent device V', which is a passage through which vent gas is discharged, and can recognize the vent gas discharged from the vent device V'.

[0147] A plurality of the gas recognition sensors 600' may be provided, and the plurality of gas recognition sensors 600' may be provided in a plurality of vent devices V', respectively. According to the present embodiment, when vent gas is generated in a specific battery cell 110', the gas recognition sensor 600' provided in the vent device V' facing the specific battery cell 110' can individually recognize the vent gas. As a result, no matter which battery cell 110' generates vent gas, the vent gas can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the pack case 20' and removed.

[0148] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0149] 17, an automobile 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs 1, 1' according to an embodiment of the present invention. The automobile 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The automobile 3 includes four-wheeled vehicles and two-wheeled vehicles. The automobile 3 operates by receiving power from the battery packs 1, 1' according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0150] Because the battery packs 1, 1' have the various effects described above, the automobile 3 including the battery packs also has the same effects. Specifically, the battery packs 1, 1' can suppress the occurrence of a flame inside the module case 200 or the pack case 20 by eliminating factors that could cause a flame when an abnormality occurs in the battery cells 110. Furthermore, when an abnormality occurs in the battery cells 110, vent gas is quickly discharged to the outside of the module case 200 or the pack case 20 to suppress the occurrence of a flame, and the other battery cells 110 are prevented from being thermally damaged as much as possible, thereby effectively ensuring the ability to prevent heat propagation between modules or packs. Therefore, the automobile 3 including such battery packs 1, 1' also has advantages in terms of safety and reliability.

[0151] As described above, the present invention has been described using limited embodiments and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that various changes and modifications can be made by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains within the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0152] 1,1' battery pack 3. Automobiles 10 Battery Module 20, 20' pack case 21' Pack Bottom Frame 22' Pack Top Frame 23' Side Frame 24' Bulkhead 100, 100' cell stack 110, 110' battery cell 111 Cell Case 112 Electrode Lead 120, 120' blocking member 200 Module Case 210 Module Bottom Plate 220 Module Top Plate 230 End Plate 300, 300' cartridge 310 Cylinder section 311 Storage Department 312 Discharge section 320 Operating unit 400 Thermal Resin 500 Busbar frame assembly 510 Busbar Frame 511 Connection groove 520 Busbar 521 Terminal Busbar 600, 600' Gas Recognition Sensor H vent hole V, V' vent device

Claims

1. a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells stacked and arranged along one direction; a module case provided to house the cell stack; a vent hole formed in the module case, the vent hole configured to exhaust gas generated in the battery cell to the outside of the module case; a cartridge at least a portion of which is coupled to the module case, the cartridge being configured so that carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge is discharged toward the vent hole.

2. The vent hole is provided on one side of the module case, The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein the cartridge is provided on the other side of the module case so as to face the vent hole.

3. The module case includes: a module bottom plate that supports the plurality of battery cells at a lower portion of the cell stack and has the vent hole formed therein; The battery module according to claim 2 , further comprising: a module top plate coupled to the module bottom plate and to which at least a portion of the cartridge is coupled.

4. The battery module according to claim 3 , wherein the vent hole and the cartridge are aligned in a vertical direction.

5. The cell stack is a plurality of blocking members arranged in one direction between the battery cells; The battery module according to claim 2 , wherein a plurality of the vent holes are provided between adjacent ones of the plurality of blocking members.

6. The battery module according to claim 5 , wherein a plurality of the cartridges are provided so as to face the plurality of vent holes, respectively.

7. The battery module according to claim 6 , wherein the plurality of vent holes and the plurality of cartridges are provided on at least one side of the cell stack.

8. a bus bar frame assembly disposed inside the module case and covering at least one side of the cell stack; The battery module according to claim 7 , wherein the plurality of vent holes and the plurality of cartridges are provided inside the bus bar frame assembly.

9. The battery cell further includes a gas recognition sensor provided inside the module case and configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell; The battery module according to claim 1 , wherein when the gas recognition sensor recognizes generation of gas, carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge is discharged toward the vent hole.

10. The cartridge comprises: The battery module according to claim 9 , comprising a cylinder portion including a storage portion having a space therein for storing carbon dioxide, and a discharge portion extending from the storage portion and for discharging the carbon dioxide.

11. The battery module according to claim 10 , wherein the diameter of the discharge portion is smaller than the diameter of the storage portion.

12. The cartridge comprises: The battery module of claim 10 , further comprising an actuator coupled to the cylinder portion and configured to discharge carbon dioxide from the cylinder portion when the gas recognition sensor recognizes generation of gas.

13. The battery module according to claim 12 , wherein the actuator is configured to be electrically connected to the gas recognition sensor.

14. A battery pack comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. a cell stack including a plurality of battery cells stacked and arranged along one direction; a pack case provided to house the cell stack; a vent device provided in the pack case, the vent device being configured to exhaust gas generated in the battery cell to the outside of the pack case; a cartridge at least a portion of which is coupled to the pack case, the cartridge being configured to allow carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge to be discharged toward the vent device.

16. The pack case is a pack bottom frame configured to support a lower portion of the cell stack and in which the vent device is provided; 16. The battery pack of claim 15, further comprising: a pack top frame coupled to the pack bottom frame and to which at least a portion of the cartridge is coupled.

17. The battery pack according to claim 16, wherein the vent device and the cartridge are arranged to face each other along a vertical direction.

18. The cell stack is a plurality of blocking members arranged in one direction between the battery cells; The battery pack according to claim 15 , wherein a plurality of the vent devices are provided between adjacent ones of the plurality of blocking members.

19. The battery pack according to claim 18 , wherein a plurality of the cartridges are provided so as to face a plurality of the vent devices, respectively.

20. 20. The battery pack of claim 19, wherein a plurality of the vent devices and a plurality of the cartridges are provided on at least one side of the cell stack.

21. a gas recognition sensor provided inside the pack case and configured to recognize gas generated in the battery cell; 16. The battery pack of claim 15, wherein the gas recognition sensor is configured to discharge carbon dioxide stored inside the cartridge toward the vent device when the gas recognition sensor recognizes the generation of gas.

22. A plurality of the cell stacks are provided, The pack case is The battery pack according to claim 16 , further comprising a partition wall provided inside the pack bottom frame to separate the plurality of cell stacks.

23. A motor vehicle comprising the battery pack of claim 14.

24. 23. A motor vehicle comprising a battery pack according to any one of claims 15 to 22.

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