Compositions for skin health

Abstract

This invention relates to a composition for improving skin health and / or appearance. The composition comprises digestible keratin, collagen, and kiwi fruit substances and can be formulated for oral ingestion or topical application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for improving skin health and / or appearance. The composition contains digestible keratin, collagen, and kiwifruit substances and can be formulated for oral ingestion or topical application.

Background Art

[0002] In modern society, appearance is highly regarded, and many people want to show a relatively young face. Unfortunately, people are increasingly exposed to stress, including work stress, environmental stress caused by ultraviolet rays and air pollution, and dietary stress caused by processed foods. These stresses have harmful effects on the skin and can sometimes cause a reduction in the young face, called "premature aging." Therefore, it is socially highly necessary to reverse the effects of the above stresses on the skin appearance.

[0003] To challenge and reverse these effects, a wide range of nutritional supplements and topical formulations have been used, but skin health and the deterioration of skin cells remain unsolved problems. The object of the present invention is to provide a composition that helps to reduce or reverse the effects of these stresses, thereby at least partially solving this problem, and / or at least providing useful options for the public.

[0004] Where patent specifications, other external documents, or other information sources are referred to herein, this is usually for the purpose of providing the context for explaining the features of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, such references to external documents are not to be construed as admitting that such documents or such information sources are prior art or form part of the common general knowledge in that art in any jurisdiction.

Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention (a) Collagen, (b) Digestive keratin, and (c) relating to compositions containing kiwifruit substances.

[0006] In one embodiment, collagen includes hydrolyzed collagen. In one embodiment, hydrolyzed collagen is sheep collagen. In one embodiment, collagen is at least about 80%, 85%, or 90% by weight protein, preferably at least about 85% by weight protein. In one embodiment, digestible keratin is at least about 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 95% digestible. In one embodiment, digestible keratin contains at least about 65%, 70%, or 75% by weight protein, preferably at least about 70% protein. In one embodiment, digestible keratin is sheep keratin.

[0007] In one embodiment, the kiwifruit substance is the skin of Actinidia deliciosa or Actinidia chinensis, preferably Actinidia deliciosa. In one embodiment, the kiwifruit substance contains at least about 20 mg of phenolic resin per gram of kiwifruit substance, preferably at least about 25 mg of phenolic resin per gram of kiwifruit substance. In one embodiment, the kiwifruit substance contains at least about 200 mg of soluble fiber per gram of kiwifruit substance, preferably at least about 250 mg of soluble fiber per gram of kiwifruit substance.

[0008] In one embodiment, the composition is (a) Sheep collagen, (b) Digestive sheep keratin, and (c) The skin of the kiwi fruit, It contains in a dry weight ratio of 6.25:1:1.25, or is essentially derived from these.

[0009] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a nutritional supplement comprising the composition of the present invention and one or more nutritionally permissible excipients, carriers, and / or diluents. In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is in the form of a soluble powder, a concentrated liquid formulation, a liquid beverage, a supplement bar, a nutritional supplement capsule, or a gummy sweetener.

[0010] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a topical formulation comprising the composition of the present invention and one or more cosmetically acceptable excipients, carriers, and / or diluents.

[0011] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for increasing keratinocyte viability in a subject, comprising administering a composition, supplement, or formulation of the present invention to the subject. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] 4.1 Definitions and Abbreviations As used herein, the term “contains” means “contains at least partially.” When interpreting each statement herein that contains the term “contains,” other features, or features that begin with that term, may also exist. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprises” are interpreted in the same way.

[0013] As used herein, the term "about" means a reasonable amount of bias in the term that has been modified so as not to significantly alter the final result. For example, when applied to a value, the term should be interpreted as including a deviation of + / - 5% from that value.

[0014] The references to numerical ranges disclosed herein (e.g., 1 to 10) also include all rational numbers within that range (e.g., 1, 1.1, 2, 3, 3.9, 4, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9, and 10) and any range of rational numbers within that range (e.g., 2 to 8, 1.5 to 5.5, and 3.1 to 4.7). Therefore, all subranges of all ranges expressly disclosed herein are expressly disclosed herein. These are merely examples of a particular intent, and all possible combinations of numerical values ​​between the listed minimum and maximum values ​​should be considered expressly described herein in a similar manner.

[0015] Whenever a range, such as a temperature range, time range, or component range, is given herein, all intermediate and partial ranges, as well as all single values ​​contained within the given range, are intended to be included in this disclosure. In this disclosure and the claims, “and / or” indicates an additional or alternative. The use of a term in the singular also includes its plural form. 4.1 Composition of the present invention

[0016] Keratinocytes originate in the outermost layer of the skin. Consequently, increased keratinocyte viability is directly linked to improved skin health by strengthening the skin's barrier function, namely the dermal-epidermal junctions associated with wrinkle formation, and by increasing skin firmness through collagen synthesis.

[0017] The composition of the present invention contains three essential components: collagen, digestible keratin, and kiwi fruit substances. This composition produces a remarkable stimulating effect on skin cells, specifically improving the viability of human keratinocytes. The stimulating effect on the skin is greater than that observed with the components alone or with any other combination, indicating the presence of a synergistic mechanism (see Example 1).

[0018] Based on the results presented herein, the inventors reasonably anticipate that oral ingestion or topical application of the compositions of the present invention will yield relevant benefits in skin health and cosmetic appearance.

[0019] Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals and is typically found in connective tissue, including cartilage, bone, tendons, ligaments, and skin. Collagen from mammalian or marine sources, such as the skin of cattle, sheep, deer, goats, or fish, is a protein frequently used in nutritional supplements and functional foods. Such supplements and / or foods are commonly consumed for cosmetic enhancement or to provide benefits associated with joint health and mobility. Many different types of collagen are known, each characterized by a variety of three-dimensional structures.

[0020] Collagen I, II, or III are typically most abundant in the skin and are responsible for the volume and structure of the skin and other soft tissues. Collagen IV is a junction protein known to function in the basement membrane, for example, where the dermis and epidermis join. Collagen IV is rarely found in dietary supplements, but it is a very important protein for tissue health.

[0021] While type I and type III collagen are preferred, all types of collagen are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention.

[0022] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises bovine, sheep, deer, fish, goat, or horse collagen, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the collagen is sheep collagen. Collagen can be extracted from its biosource by a variety of methods, including those described in NZ 536193, which is incorporated herein by reference in whole.

[0023] The collagen contained in the composition of the present invention can be in any form, including intact or hydrolyzed collagen. Intact collagen is a complex protein containing three amino acid chains. Collagen is not soluble but is easily digestible. Hydrolyzed collagen contains a group of low molecular weight peptides. Hydrolyzed collagen is obtained by enzymatic action and is often produced by the enzymatic degradation of agricultural food waste such as bone, tendon, and skin.

[0024] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises hydrolyzed or intact collagen, preferably hydrolyzed collagen.

[0025] The purity of collagen can vary as indicated by its protein content. Collagen for use in the composition of the present invention needs to have a high protein content. In one embodiment, the collagen is at least about 80, 85, or 90% by weight protein. Preferably, the collagen is at least about 85% by weight protein.

[0026] In one embodiment, the collagen is hydrolyzed type I and / or hydrolyzed type II sheep collagen with at least 85% by weight protein.

[0027] Keratin is a hard protein found in animal wool, hair, horns, hooves, feathers, and the outer layer of the skin. Keratin is known to be indigestible, a hard and insoluble protein, due to its high ratio of the amino acid cystine compared to other proteins. Multiple cystine residues form cross-links that confer keratin enzyme resistance, resulting in a protein generally of low nutritional value.

[0028] Keratin can be extracted from keratin sources using various techniques including chemical (such as oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and bisulfite decomposition), enzymatic / microbiological, dissolution in ionic liquids, microwave irradiation, steam explosion, and thermal hydrolysis.

[0029] Chemical extraction processes generally disrupt disulfide crosslinks within and between keratin proteins, thereby increasing both solubility and digestibility. For example, US 7,148,327, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, describes such a process.

[0030] This digestible form of keratin is used in dietary supplements to impart benefits associated with beauty and joint health. The digestible keratin contained in the composition of the present invention is keratin that has been modified to be digestible. As used herein, the term “digestible keratin” means keratin that has at least 70% in vitro digestibility using a standard pepsin digestibility assay according to the procedures of the Official Methods of Analysis (13th Rev.ed), Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC (1980).

[0031] The digestibility of keratin can be modified using any method known in the art. In addition to chemical processes that break cystine crosslinks, protein hydrolysis can also be used to increase digestibility. Modification of digestibility usually occurs as part of the keratin isolation process.

[0032] The term "digestible keratin" includes keratin derivatives such as S-sulfonated keratin, oxidized keratin, and keratin peptides, all of which can be produced during the digestive process.

[0033] In one embodiment, the digestible keratin is at least about 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, or 95% digestible.

[0034] The digestibility of keratin can be increased by converting most of the present cystine into the amino acid cysteic acid, such as by the method disclosed in US Application 13 / 381,766 (published as US 2012 / 0219667), which is incorporated herein by reference in whole. This method includes heating a keratin source in an oxidizing solution at an acidic pH to oxidize the cystine component to cysteic acid, further heating at a neutral pH, removing residual oxidizing agents and salts, and then drying and milling the digestible keratin powder. The keratin abundant in cysteic acid is thought to have increased nutritional value.

[0035] In one embodiment, digestible keratin is isolated from sheep's wool. In one embodiment, keratin is isolated from sheep's wool using the method outlined in US 2012 / 0219667. In one embodiment, keratin is, (a) Add an insoluble keratin source to an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent at 90°C and maintain the mixture at 90°C for 90 minutes. (b) After cooling the mixture to 60°C, increase the pH, but while maintaining the pH at 7.5, add enough base to produce the protein salt, (c) The keratin was extracted from the keratin source by heating it back up to a maximum of 90°C and maintaining the pH below 6.1 for approximately 40 minutes.

[0036] In one embodiment, the digestible keratin contains at least about 65, 70, or 75% by weight of protein, preferably at least about 70% protein.

[0037] Kiwifruit is an edible berry belonging to several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. The most common kiwifruit variety (Actinidia deliciosa “Haywood”) is oval-shaped, about 5-8 cm long, with thin, blurred, light brown skin. This fruit is pale green or golden, with a soft texture and a sweet flavor. Another popular variety is Actinidia chinensis “Gold”, which has yellow flesh. As used herein, the term “kiwifruit substance” means the flesh, skin, and / or seeds of any kiwifruit (Actinidia) species berry, or extracts thereof.

[0038] In one embodiment, the kiwifruit substance is derived from Actinidia deliciosa or Actinidia chinensis, preferably Actinidia deliciosa.

[0039] In one embodiment, the composition of the present invention comprises an extract of kiwi fruit peel. The extract of kiwi fruit peel can be obtained by water-extracting rehydrated kiwi fruit peel and then freeze-drying it.

[0040] In one embodiment, the kiwi fruit peel extract contains at least about 20 mg of phenolic resin per gram of extract, preferably at least about 25 mg of phenolic resin per gram of extract.

[0041] In one embodiment, the kiwi fruit peel extract contains at least about 200 mg of soluble fiber per gram of extract, preferably at least about 250 mg of soluble fiber per gram of extract.

[0042] In one embodiment, the present invention is (a) Collagen, (b) Digestive keratin, and (c) relating to compositions containing or essentially derived from kiwifruit substances.

[0043] To our surprise, the inventors discovered that a composition of the present invention containing three components in a specific weight ratio range is most effective in increasing the viability of human keratinocytes.

[0044] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is approximately 4-8:0.5-2:0.5-2.

[0045] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is approximately 4-8:1:0.5-2.

[0046] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is approximately 6.25:0.5 to 2:0.5 to 2.

[0047] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is approximately 4-8:0.5-2:1.25.

[0048] In one aspect, the present invention is (a) Sheep collagen, (b) Digestive sheep keratin, and (c) The skin of the kiwi fruit, A composition containing 6.25:1:1.25 in a dry weight ratio is provided. 4.2 Formulations of the Composition of the Present Invention

[0049] The compositions of the present invention can be directly added to foods or beverages, including milk (dairy products or plant-based), hot beverages, cookies, and other baked goods and water. Alternatively, the compositions of the present invention can be incorporated into dietary supplements or topical formulations.

[0050] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a nutritional supplement comprising the composition of the present invention and one or more nutritionally acceptable excipients, carriers, and / or diluents. Nutritionally acceptable excipients, carriers, and diluents include, but are not limited to, vitamins such as vitamin C, fillers such as maltodextrin and microcrystalline cellulose, flavorings, preservatives, and sweeteners (natural and artificial).

[0051] In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is a soluble powder. In one embodiment, the soluble powder contains 3.4 g of the composition of the present invention, as well as 100 mg of vitamin C and 1 g of maltodextrin.

[0052] In another embodiment, the nutritional supplement is a concentrated liquid formulation. The concentrated liquid formulation can be added to another beverage as a "shot". In one embodiment, the concentrated liquid formulation contains 3.4 g of the composition of the present invention and 0.25 g of sodium benzoate preservative, suspended in 25 ml of water.

[0053] In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is a liquid beverage. In one embodiment, the liquid beverage contains 3.4 g of the composition of the present invention, 10 g of sucrose, 1 g of vitamin C, and small amounts of coloring and flavoring agents in 250 ml of water or carbonated water.

[0054] In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is a supplement bar. In one embodiment, the supplement bar contains 3.4 g of the composition of the present invention, which is a combination of glucose, milk chocolate, soy lecithin, glycerin, maltodextrin, pineapple juice concentrate, honey, salt, and a coloring agent. · Mass 60g • Energy: 915 kJ • 20g of protein • Total fat 3g It has the property of containing 27.3g of total carbohydrates.

[0055] In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is formulated as a nutritional supplement. In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is provided as a pill or in a capsule. In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement contains 850 mg of the composition of the present invention, in combination with 150 mg of microcrystalline cellulose, in a 00-size capsule for daily administration of four capsules per day.

[0056] In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement is a gummy candy. The gummy candy is a gelatin-based chewable sweetener. In one embodiment, the gummy candy is mixed with 40 g of water and molded to produce 1.13 g of gummy candy, intended to be taken three times a day, and contains 12.5 g of the composition of the present invention and 3 g of mixed berry flavoring, added to 35 g of powdered gelatin.

[0057] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a topical formulation comprising the composition of the present invention and one or more cosmetically acceptable excipients, carriers, and / or diluents. Examples of cosmetically acceptable excipients, carriers, and diluents include, but are not limited to, oils and fats, humectants, emollients, surfactants, organic and inorganic pigments, organic powders, UV absorbers, preservatives, disinfectants, antioxidants, plant extracts, pH adjusters, alcohols, pigments, fragrances, blood circulation promoters, refrigerants, antiperspirants, and purified water.

[0058] The cosmetic formulations of the present invention can be formulated as solutions, emulsions, pastes, creams, gels, and the like. 4.3 Properties of the composition of the present invention

[0059] The effect of the composition of the present invention on in vitro cell cultures of primary human keratinocytes was investigated using the MTT cell proliferation assay described in Example 1. In this assay, the amount of formazan (which is directly proportional to the number of viable cells) is measured by reading the change in absorbance at 570 nm using a plate-reading optical analyzer.

[0060] The composition of the present invention (Sample 3), containing the same amount and ratio of keratin and collagen, showed a 17.2% increase in cell viability compared to the control sample 5.

[0061] Cell viability is a powerful indicator of tissue viability, and by more accurately establishing improved tissue viability in primary human keratinocyte cells, we can model potential outcomes for whole skin better than with immortalized fibroblasts, which are typically used in cell culture.

[0062] Improved skin cell viability is directly related to the properties of key skin structures, including water content, barrier function, hardness, elasticity, wrinkle structure, depth, and volume.

[0063] Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for increasing keratinocyte viability in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a composition, supplement, or formulation of the present invention. In one embodiment, the method comprises oral administration of a nutritional supplement of the present invention. In another embodiment, the method comprises topical administration of a cosmetic formulation of the present invention. [Examples]

[0064] Example 1: Effect of the composition of the present invention on the viability of primary human keratinocyte cells Keratinocytes are one of the main types of cells found in the skin. They are the most prominent cell type in the epidermal layer. Keratinocytes provide a barrier against various risks, including microorganisms, radiation, and heat. When the skin is exposed to these potential risk factors, keratinocytes produce numerous pro-inflammatory compounds. Keratinocytes also produce numerous structural components of the skin, such as keratin and filaggrin.

[0065] Primary human keratinocytes (HEKa ATCC No.PCS-200-011) were cultured according to the supplier's recommendations.

[0066] The collagen used was hydrolyzed type I and type III sheep collagen. The keratin used in this study was isolated from sheep wool using the method outlined in US 2012 / 0219667. The kiwi fruit substance is an aqueous extract of kiwi fruit peel. [Table 1]

[0067] N / A means not applicable or unavailable.

[0068] The amino acid profile of keratin is shown in Table 2. [Table 2]

[0069] Collagen, keratin, and kiwi fruit powder components were combined by dry mixing. Various combinations of collagen, keratin, and kiwi fruit were added to the culture medium, as detailed in Table 3.

[0070] Cells were cultured at 37°C in 95% air / 5% CO2 for a total of 24 hours. After the culture medium was aspirated from the plate, the supernatant was transferred to a 96-well plate. After removing the supernatant, 180 μL of fresh medium was added to each well. 20 μL of MTT working solution (5 mg / ml) was added to each well of the plate and incubated for a further 4 hours at 37°C. 100 μL of MTT lysis buffer was then added to each of these wells, and the plate was incubated at 37°C for 1 hour. The absorbance of each well was read at 570 nm using a VersaMax microplate reader. [Table 3]

[0071] Protein expression and tissue viability were investigated at various collagen and keratin concentrations. Relative collagen:keratin ratios of 1:1, 3:1, and 6.25:1 were also investigated. No statistically significant differences were observed for any of the collagen and keratin combinations tested, either individually or in combination. However, a substantial improvement in cell viability was measured upon the addition of kiwi fruit extract. A 17.2% increase in cell viability was observed when sample 3 was compared to sample 5. The protein concentrations in each sample were the same (a total of 50 μg / ml combined with a collagen:keratin ratio of 6.25:1), the only difference being the addition of a low concentration of kiwi fruit extract. The relative concentrations of collagen:keratin:kiwi fruit in the composition were 6.25:1:1.25.

[0072] Sample 2: Cosmetic formulations Wrinkle-preventing ingredients A wrinkle-preventing cosmetic formulation containing the composition of the present invention was prepared by combining the ingredients listed in Table 4 below. The ingredients are named according to the rules of the International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI). [Table 4] Moisturizing cream

[0073] A moisturizing cream containing the composition of the present invention was prepared by combining the ingredients listed in Table 5 below. [Table 5] Intensive Serum

[0074] An intensive serum containing the composition of the present invention was prepared by combining the components listed in Table 6 below. [Table 6] Prediction example:

[0075] The efficacy of the collagen, keratin, and kiwifruit composition of the present invention at a daily dose of 3.4 g can be measured in a randomized, controlled clinical study involving 35 volunteers in two groups. Such a study would involve daily administration of the composition for 60 days, along with daily administration of a placebo control made of microcrystalline cellulose. Key skin properties can be measured at cyclical time points in the study, including days 0, 30, and 60. Skin water content is measured using a corneometer, skin barrier function is measured by transepidermal water loss using a TEWA meter, skin stiffness and elasticity are measured using a cutometer, and wrinkle properties are measured using high-resolution 3D scanning or silicon imprinting technology. Oral administration of the composition of the present invention is expected to result in improvements in each of these properties.

Claims

1. (a) Collagen, (b) Digestive keratin, and (c) A composition containing kiwifruit substance.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the collagen comprises hydrolyzed collagen.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collagen is sheep collagen.

4. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the collagen is at least about 80, 85, or 90% by weight of protein, preferably at least about 85% by weight of protein.

5. The digestible keratin mentioned above is (a) Add an insoluble keratin source to an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent at 90°C, and maintain the mixture at 90°C for 90 minutes. (b) After cooling the mixture to 60°C, the pH is raised, but while maintaining the pH at 7.5, a sufficient amount of base is added to produce a protein salt. (c) Heating back to a maximum of 90°C and maintaining the pH below 6.1 for about 40 minutes, and the composition according to any one of the prior claims, extracted from a keratin source using

6. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the digestible keratin is at least about 70, 85, 80, 85, 90, or 95% digestible.

7. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the digestible keratin comprises at least about 65, 70, or 75% by weight of protein, preferably at least about 70% of protein.

8. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the digestible keratin is sheep keratin.

9. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the kiwi fruit substance is Actinidia deliciosa or Actinidia chinensis, preferably an extract of the peel of Actinidia deliciosa.

10. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the kiwi fruit substance comprises at least about 20 mg of phenol resin per gram of kiwi fruit substance, preferably at least about 25 mg of phenol resin per gram of kiwi fruit substance.

11. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the kiwi fruit substance comprises at least about 200 mg of soluble fiber per gram of kiwi fruit substance, preferably at least about 250 mg of soluble fiber per gram of kiwi fruit substance.

12. The composition according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the dry weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is about 4-8:0.5-2:0.5-2 or about 4-8:1:0.5-2 or about 6.25:0.5-2:0.5-2 or about 4-8:0.5-2:1.

25.

13. The composition according to claim 12, wherein the dry weight ratio of components (a):(b):(c) is about 6.25:1:1.

25.

14. A nutritional supplement comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and one or more nutritionally permissible excipients, carriers, and / or diluents.

15. The nutritional supplement according to claim 14, which is a soluble powder, a concentrated liquid formulation, a liquid beverage, a supplement bar, a nutritional supplement capsule, or a gummy sweetener.

16. The nutritional supplement according to claim 15, which is a soluble powder containing 3.4 g of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, 100 mg of vitamin C, and 1 g of maltodextrin.

17. The nutritional supplement according to claim 15, comprising 3.4 g of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 and 0.25 g of sodium benzoate preservative suspended in 25 ml of water.

18. The nutritional supplement according to claim 15, which is a liquid beverage comprising 3.4 g of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, 10 g of sucrose, 1 g of vitamin C, and a small amount of coloring and flavoring agents in 250 ml of water or carbonated water.

19. A dietary supplement according to claim 15, comprising a supplement bar containing 3.4 g of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, combined with glucose, milk chocolate, soy lecithin, glycerin, maltodextrin, pineapple juice concentrate, honey, salt, and coloring agents.

20. A nutritional supplement according to claim 19, having the properties of a mass of 60 g, energy of 915 kJ, protein of 20 g, total fat of 3 g, and total carbohydrates of 27.3 g.

21. The nutritional supplement according to claim 15, comprising 850 mg of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in a 00-size capsule, in combination with 150 mg of microcrystalline cellulose, for daily administration of four capsules per day.

22. A nutritional supplement according to claim 15, comprising 12.5 g of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, added to 35 g of powdered gelatin, and 3 g of a mixed berry flavoring agent, which is mixed with 40 g of water and molded to produce 1.13 g of gummy, intended for consumption three times a day.

23. A topical formulation comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and one or more cosmetically acceptable excipients, carriers, and / or diluents.

24. A method for increasing the viability of keratinocytes in a subject, A method comprising administering to the subject a nutritional supplement according to any one of claims 14 to 22, or a topical formulation according to claim 23.

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