Power headroom reporting for multiple universal subscriber identification modules

Abstract

A method is presented, implemented by a radio device configured to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN, comprising at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two Uplink Transmitters (UL Tx). The method comprises transmitting first data to the first PLMN using the first USIMs and at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a first Power Headroom Report (PHR) to the first PLMN, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power configured for the uplink transmission of the radio device. The method further comprises transmitting second data to the second PLMN using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN, wherein the second PHR includes a second maximum output power configured for the uplink transmission of the radio device. A second maximum output power set for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission. The method implemented by the network node, the network node, and the UE are also provided.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to power headroom reporting for multi-universal subscriber identification modules (multi-USIMs). [Background technology]

[0002] A Multi-Universal Subscriber Identification Module (Multi-USIM) wireless communication device can be a device that holds two SIM cards, meaning that the device can handle two different network services. Multi-USIM functionality has been commercially available for over a decade. Multi-USIM is widely adopted by major handset manufacturers worldwide, and local market adaptations may be made. For example, the Apple iPhone 12 supports Multi-USIM with two physical SIM cards in China, but in all other regions, the Apple iPhone 12 supports one physical SIM card and one eSIM.

[0003] Furthermore, each UE has a single overall maximum power output, which is reported as one of the UE's capabilities. Therefore, it can be difficult for base stations to schedule data transmissions appropriately, particularly with regard to power management. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0004] Some embodiments advantageously provide methods, systems, and apparatus for PHR with respect to MUSIM. In one embodiment, a network node is provided. A network node configurable to operate in a first public land mobile network (PLMN) including a wireless device, wherein the wireless device includes at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) and is configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN. The network node includes a wireless interface 82 and a processing circuit 84, the wireless interface 82 and the processing circuit 84 being configured to receive first data from the wireless device, wherein the first data is transmitted from the wireless device using the first USIM and at least two UL Tx, and to receive a first power headroom report (PHR) from the wireless device, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. Furthermore, the wireless interface 82 and the processing circuit 84 are configured to receive a second PHR from the wireless device, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device. The set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0005] In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method is implemented in a network node operating in a first public mobile network (PLMN) including a wireless device, the wireless device including at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) and configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN. The method includes receiving first data from the wireless device, wherein the first data is transmitted from the wireless device using the first USIMs and at least two UL Tx; and receiving a first power headroom report (PHR) from the wireless device, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. Furthermore, the method includes receiving a second PHR from the wireless device, wherein the second PHR includes a second maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. The second maximum output power set for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0006] In a further embodiment, a first PHR report is based on the transmission of a first data, and a second PHR is based on the transmission of a second data, the second data being transmitted from the wireless device to a second PLMN using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx.

[0007] In one embodiment, a wireless device is provided. The wireless device is configured to include at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two Uplink Transmitters (UL Tx), and is configurable to communicate with a first Public Mobile Network (PLMN) and a second PLMN. The wireless device includes a wireless interface and processing circuitry, the wireless interface and processing circuitry being configured to transmit first data to the first PLMN using the first USIMs and at least two UL Tx, and to transmit a first Power Headroom Report (PHR) to the first PLMN, wherein the first PHR transmits a first Power Headroom Report (PHR) including a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. The configured radio interface and processing circuit are further configured to transmit second data to a second PLMN using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx, and to transmit a second PHR to a first PLMN, wherein the second PHR transmits a second PHR including a configured second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the radio device. The configured second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to a first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0008] In one embodiment, another method is provided. A method implemented by a radio device comprising at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), configured to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN. The method includes transmitting first data to the first PLMN using the first USIMs and at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN (S142), wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device (S142). The method further includes transmitting second data to the second PLMN using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN, wherein the second PHR includes a second maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device. The second maximum output power set for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0009] In further embodiments, the first PHR report is based on the transmission of the first data, and the second PHR is based on the transmission of the second data.

[0010] In other embodiments, the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR.

[0011] In further embodiments, the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR being PCMAX_C_00.

[0012] In one embodiment, a network node is provided. A network node configurable to operate in a first public land mobile network (PLMN) including a radio device, wherein the radio device includes at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) and is configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN. The network node includes a radio interface 82 and a processing circuit 84, the radio interface 82 and the processing circuit 84 being configured to receive first data from the radio device, wherein the first data is transmitted from the radio device using a first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx, and to receive a first power headroom report (PHR) from the radio device, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device. Furthermore, the wireless interface 82 and the processing circuit 84 are configured to receive a second PHR from the wireless device, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device. The set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0013] In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method is implemented in a network node operating in a first public mobile network (PLMN) including a radio device, the radio device including at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) and configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN. The method includes receiving first data from the radio device, wherein the first data is transmitted from the radio device using the first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx; and receiving a first power headroom report (PHR) from the radio device, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device. Furthermore, the method includes receiving a second PHR from the radio device, wherein the second PHR includes a second maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device. The second maximum output power set for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0014] In a further embodiment, a first PHR report is based on the transmission of a first data, and a second PHR is based on the transmission of a second data, the second data being transmitted from the wireless device to a second PLMN using a second USIM and at least two UL Tx.

[0015] In one embodiment, a wireless device is provided. The wireless device is configured to include at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two Uplink Transmitters (UL Tx), and is configurable to communicate with a first Public Mobile Network (PLMN) and a second PLMN. The wireless device includes a wireless interface and processing circuitry, which is configured to transmit first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx, and to transmit a first Power Headroom Report (PHR) to the first PLMN, wherein the first PHR transmits a first Power Headroom Report (PHR) including a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. The configured radio interface and processing circuit are further configured to transmit second data to a second PLMN using a second USIM and at least two UL Tx, and to transmit a second PHR to a first PLMN, wherein the second PHR transmits a second PHR including a configured second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the radio device. The configured second maximum output power for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0016] In one embodiment, another method is provided. A method implemented by a radio device comprising at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), configured to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN. The method includes transmitting first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN (S142), wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device (S142). The method further includes transmitting second data to the second PLMN using a second USIM and at least two UL Tx, and transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN, wherein the second PHR includes a second maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the radio device. The second maximum output power set for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0017] Current solutions lack coordination in UE output transmit power for communicating with the first and second PLMNs. For example, a UE may not have enough power to send HARQ-ACK / NACK (Hybrid Auto Retransmission Request - Acknowledgment / Negationalization) feedback to one of those PLMNs. The base station may interpret this as the UE momentarily powering down. Embodiments disclosed herein provide a UE implementation that improves power headroom reporting when MUSIM is used by a UE with multiple Tx. For example, a base station may avoid many of the intermittent transmit (DTX) detections and retransmissions during dual SIM dual active (DSDA). Uplink scheduling can switch rapidly between single and multi-carrier configurations, eliminating the need for RRC reconfiguration.

[0018] When considered in conjunction with the attached drawings, a more complete understanding of these embodiments, as well as their associated advantages and features, will be more readily apparent by referring to the following detailed description. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0019] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary network architecture illustrating a communication system connected to a host computer via an intermediate network, based on the principles described herein. [Figure 2] This is a block diagram of a host computer communicating with a wireless device via a network node, at least partially over a wireless connection, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This flowchart illustrates an exemplary method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a network node, and a wireless device for running a client application on a wireless device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] This flowchart illustrates an exemplary method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a network node, and a wireless device for receiving user data in a wireless device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] This flowchart illustrates an exemplary method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a network node, and a wireless device for receiving user data from a wireless device on a host computer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] This flowchart illustrates an exemplary method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a network node, and a wireless device for receiving user data on a host computer, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] This is a flowchart of an exemplary process in a network node according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8]This is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process in a wireless device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] This figure shows a single-carrier operation for a first PLMN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] This figure shows a CA / DC with multiple carrier operation for a first PLMN according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figures 11a-11b] This figure shows a multi-entry PHR MAC CE where the highest ServCellIndex of a serving cell with configured uplinks is less than 8 (a), and equal to or greater than 8 (b). [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0020] In MUSIM, power headroom reporting (PHR) is not coordinated by the UE for each USIM. Therefore, one or more embodiments described herein improve the PHR for a UE having at least two transceivers (dual Rx / dual Tx) and a MUSIM, and communicating with a first public land mobile network (PLMN). When the UE is using one of the Tx for another PLMN, the maximum power available for transmission to the first PLMN is reduced, and therefore the PHR transmitted to the first PLMN is reduced. Thus, the UE informs the base station of the reduced power transmission available for the UE. The base station can therefore schedule UE transmissions according to the available power, avoiding transmission interruptions such as intermittent transmission (DTX) and reducing the need for retransmission.

[0021] The embodiments disclosed herein apply to PLMNs. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments are also applicable to other types of networks, such as non-public networks (NPNs).

[0022] Some embodiments disclosed herein apply to UEs having two transceivers (dual Rx / dual Tx). However, the embodiments are also applicable to UEs having three or more transceivers. Similarly, some embodiments disclosed herein apply to UEs using or configured for CA. However, the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to CA and are also applicable to UEs using or configured for Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0023] In some embodiments, sending to or receiving from a PLMN includes sending to or receiving from a network node that operates the PLMN. This may include sending or receiving data and / or PHRs.

[0024] Before describing exemplary embodiments in detail, it should be noted that embodiments primarily exist as combinations of apparatus components and processing steps relating to PHR reporting. Accordingly, where appropriate, components are represented in the drawings by conventional symbols, and only their specific details relevant to understanding the embodiments are shown, so as not to obscure this disclosure with details that would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art who are interested in the description herein. Similar numbers refer to similar elements throughout the description.

[0025] As used herein, relational terms such as “first” and “second,” “upper” and “lower” may be used simply to distinguish one entity or element from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any physical or logical relationship or order between such entities or elements. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and does not limit the concepts described herein. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” also include the plural form unless the context otherwise explicitly indicates. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and / or “including” specify the presence of the described feature, complete, step, action, element, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, complete, step, action, element, component, and / or groups thereof.

[0026] In the embodiments described herein, joining terms such as “in communication with” may be used to indicate electrical or data communication, which can be achieved, for example, by physical contact, induction, electromagnetic radiation, radio signaling, infrared signaling, or optical signaling. Those skilled in the art will understand that multiple components can interact with each other, and that modifications and variations are possible for achieving electrical and data communication.

[0027] In some embodiments described herein, terms such as “coupled” and “connected” may be used herein to indicate a connection, though not necessarily directly, and may include wired and / or wireless connections.

[0028] As used herein, the term “network node” can refer to any type of network node present in a radio network, which may further comprise any of the following: base stations (BS), radio base stations, base transceiver stations (BTS), base station controllers (BSC), radio network controllers (RNC), g-node B (gNB), evolved node B (eNB or e-node B), node B, MSR radio nodes such as multi-standard radio (MSR) BS, multi-cell / multicast coordinating entities (MCE), radio access backhaul integrated transmission (IAB) nodes, relay nodes, donor node control relays, radio access points (AP), transmit points, transmit nodes, remote radio units (RRU), remote radio heads (RRH), core network nodes (e.g., mobile management entities (MME), self-organizing network (SON) nodes, coordinating nodes, positioning nodes, MDT nodes, etc.), external nodes (e.g., third-party nodes, nodes outside the current network), nodes in distributed antenna systems (DAS), spectrum access system (SAS) nodes, element management systems (EMS), etc. Network nodes may also include test equipment. The term “wireless node” as used herein may also be used to refer to wireless devices (WDs) or wireless network nodes, etc.

[0029] In some embodiments, the non-limiting terms "wireless device (WD)" and "user equipment (UE)" are used interchangeably. A WD as used herein can be any type of wireless device capable of communicating with a network node or another WD via wireless signals, such as a wireless device (WD). A WD can also be a wireless communication device, a target device, a D2D (device to device) WD, a machine-type WD or a WD capable of machine-to-machine communication (M2M), a low-cost and / or low-complexity WD, a sensor equipped with a WD, a tablet, a mobile terminal, a smartphone, a laptop embedded equipment (LEE), a laptop mounted equipment (LME), a USB dongle, customer premises equipment (CPE), an Internet of Things (IoT) device, or a narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) device.

[0030] In some embodiments, the general term “wireless network node” is used. A wireless network node can be any type of wireless network node, which may comprise any of the following: base stations, wireless base stations, base station transceiver stations, base station controllers, network controllers, RNCs, evolved node B (eNB), node B, gNB, multicell / multicast cooperative entity (MCE), IAB node, relay node, access point, wireless access point, remote radio unit (RRU), or remote radio head (RRH).

[0031] This disclosure may use terminology from a specific radio system, such as 3GPP LTE and / or New Radio (NR), but it should be noted that this should not be considered to limit the scope of this disclosure to the aforementioned systems only. However, other radio systems, including Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Global Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), may also benefit from leveraging the ideas covered within this disclosure.

[0032] It should be further noted that the functions described herein as being performed by wireless devices or network nodes may be distributed across multiple wireless devices and / or network nodes. In other words, the functions of network nodes and wireless devices described herein are not limited to being performed by a single physical device, but can actually be distributed across several physical devices.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as they would ordinarily be understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Terms used herein should be interpreted as having the meanings of those terms in the context of this specification and the related art, and not in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly specified herein.

[0034] The embodiment provides power headroom reporting for a UE configured to communicate with a first PLMN and a second PLMN using MUSIM. Referring now to the drawings, similar elements are referenced by similar reference numbers, and Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system 10, including a 3GPP type cellular network capable of supporting standards such as LTE and / or NR (5G), comprising an access network 12, such as a radio access network, and a core network 14, according to one embodiment. The access network 12 comprises several network nodes 16a, 16b, 16c (collectively referred to as network nodes 16), including NBs, eNBs, gNBs, or other types of radio access points, each defining a corresponding coverage area 18a, 18b, 18c (collectively referred to as coverage area 18). Each network node 16a, 16b, 16c is connectable to the core network 14 over a wired or wireless connection 20. A first wireless device (WD) 22a located in coverage area 18a is configured to wirelessly connect to a corresponding network node 16a or to be paged by the corresponding network node 16a. A second WD 22b in coverage area 18b is wirelessly connectable to a corresponding network node 16b. Although multiple WDs 22a, 22b (collectively referred to as wireless device 22) are shown in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to situations where only one WD is in a coverage area or where only one WD is connected to a corresponding network node 16. For convenience, only two WDs 22 and three network nodes 16 are shown, but it should be noted that the communication system may include more WDs 22 and network nodes 16.

[0035] Furthermore, it is conceivable that WD22 may be configured to communicate simultaneously with two or more network nodes 16 and two or more types of network nodes 16, as well as / or separately with them. For example, WD22 may have dual connectivity with a network node 16 that supports LTE and the same or different network nodes 16 that support NR. As an example, WD22 may communicate with an eNB for LTE / E-UTRAN and a gNB for NR / NG-RAN.

[0036] The communication system 10 may itself be connected to a host computer 24, which may be embodied in the hardware and / or software of a standalone server, a cloud implementation server, a distributed server, or as a processing resource in a server farm. The host computer 24 may be owned or controlled by a service provider, or may be operated by or on behalf of a service provider. Connections 26, 28 between the communication system 10 and the host computer 24 may extend directly from the core network 14 to the host computer 24, or may extend via an optional intermediate network 30. The intermediate network 30 may be one of a public network, a private network, or a hosted network, or a combination of two or more of these. The intermediate network 30 may be a backbone network or the internet, if any. In some embodiments, the intermediate network 30 may comprise two or more subnets (not shown).

[0037] The communication system in Figure 1, as a whole, enables connectivity between one of the connected WD22a, 22b and the host computer 24. The connectivity can be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection. The host computer 24 and the connected WD22a, 22b are configured to communicate data and / or signaling over the OTT connection, using the access network 12, the core network 14, an optional intermediate network 30 and possible further infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries. The OTT connection can be transparent in the sense that at least some of the participating communication devices through which the OTT connection passes are unaware of the routing of uplink and downlink communications. For example, network node 16 may not be aware of, or does not need to be aware of, the past routing of incoming downlink communications with data originating from the host computer 24 that should be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to the connected WD22a. Similarly, network node 16 does not need to be aware of the future routing of outgoing uplink communications originating from WD22a and destined for host computer 24.

[0038] Network node 16 is configured to include an expansion unit 32 configured to perform one or more network node 16 functions as described herein, such as with regard to PHR reporting for MUSIM. Radio device 22 is configured to include an operation unit 34 configured to perform one or more radio device 22 functions as described herein, such as with regard to PHR reporting for MUSIM.

[0039] Next, an exemplary implementation of the WD22, network node 16, and host computer 24 described in the previous paragraph, according to one embodiment, will be described with reference to Figure 2. In the communication system 10, the host computer 24 includes hardware (HW) 38, including a communication interface 40 configured to set up and maintain wired or wireless connections to the interfaces of different communication devices of the communication system 10. The host computer 24 further includes a processing circuit 42 which may have storage and / or processing capabilities. The processing circuit 42 may include a processor 44 and memory 46. In particular, in addition to or instead of a processor and memory such as a central processing unit, the processing circuit 42 may include integrated circuits for processing and / or control, such as one or more processors and / or processor cores and / or FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) and / or ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) adapted to execute instructions. The processor 44 may be configured to access memory 46 (for example, to write to memory 46 and / or read from memory 46), and memory 46 may include any kind of volatile and / or non-volatile memory, such as cache and / or buffer memory and / or RAM (random access memory) and / or ROM (read-only memory) and / or optical memory and / or EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory).

[0040] The processing circuit 42 may be configured to control any of the methods and / or processes described herein, and / or to cause such methods and / or processes to be carried out, for example, by the host computer 24. The processor 44 corresponds to one or more processors 44 for carrying out the host computer 24 functions described herein. The host computer 24 includes memory 46 configured to store data, programmatic software code, and / or other information described herein. In some embodiments, the software 48 and / or host application 50 may include instructions that, when executed by the processor 44 and / or processing circuit 42, cause the processor 44 and / or processing circuit 42 to carry out the processes described herein with respect to the host computer 24. The instructions may be software related to the host computer 24.

[0041] Software 48 may be executable by processing circuit 42. Software 48 includes a host application 50. The host application 50 may be able to operate to provide services to remote users, such as a WD22 connected via an OTT connection 52 that terminates at the host computer 24. When providing services to remote users, the host application 50 may provide user data transmitted using the OTT connection 52. "User data" may be data and information as described herein as implementing the functions described. In one embodiment, the host computer 24 may be configured to provide control and functionality to a service provider and may be operated by or on behalf of the service provider. The processing circuit 42 of the host computer 24 may enable the host computer 24 to observe, monitor, and control the network node 16 and / or wireless device 22, transmit to the network node 16 and / or wireless device 22, and / or receive from the network node 16 and / or wireless device 22. The processing circuit 42 of the host computer 24 may include an information unit 54 configured to enable the service provider to process, store, transmit, receive, forward, relay, determine, set, and reset information relating to PHR reporting for MUSIM as described herein.

[0042] The communication system 10 further includes a network node 16 provided within the communication system 10, the network node 16 including hardware 58 that enables the network node 16 to communicate with the host computer 24 and WD22. The hardware 58 may include a communication interface 60 for setting up and maintaining wired or wireless connections with the interfaces of different communication devices of the communication system 10, and a wireless interface 62 for setting up and maintaining at least a wireless connection 64 with WD22 located in the coverage area 18 served by the network node 16. The wireless interface 62 may be formed as, for example, one or more RF transmitters, one or more RF receivers, and / or one or more RF transceivers, or may include them. The communication interface 60 may be configured to facilitate a connection 66 to the host computer 24. The connection 66 may be direct, or the connection 66 may pass through the core network 14 of the communication system 10 and / or one or more intermediate networks 30 outside the communication system 10.

[0043] In the embodiments shown, the hardware 58 of the network node 16 further includes a processing circuit 68. The processing circuit 68 may include a processor 70 and a memory 72. More specifically, in addition to, or instead of, a processor and memory such as a central processing unit, the processing circuit 68 may include an integrated circuit for processing and / or control, for example, one or more processors and / or processor cores and / or FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) and / or ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) adapted to execute instructions. The processor 70 may be configured to access the memory 72 (e.g., write to and / or read from the memory 72), and the memory 72 may include any kind of volatile and / or non-volatile memory, for example, cache and / or buffer memory and / or RAM (random access memory) and / or ROM (read-only memory) and / or optical memory and / or EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory).

[0044] Therefore, the network node 16 further has software 74 stored either internally in memory 72 or in external memory (e.g., a database, storage array, network storage device, etc.) accessible by the network node 16 via an external connection. The software 74 may be executable by processing circuit 68. Processing circuit 68 may be configured to control any of the methods and / or processes described herein, and / or to cause such methods and / or processes to be carried out by the network node 16, for example. Processor 70 corresponds to one or more processors 70 for carrying out the network node 16 functions described herein. Memory 72 is configured to store data, programmatic software code, and / or other information described herein. In some embodiments, the software 74 may include instructions that, when executed by the processor 70 and / or processing circuit 68, cause the processor 70 and / or processing circuit 68 to carry out the processes described herein with respect to the network node 16. For example, the processing circuit 68 of the network node 16 may include an expansion unit 32 configured to perform one or more network node 16 functions as described herein, such as with respect to PHR reporting for MUSIM.

[0045] The communication system 10 further includes the WD22 already mentioned. The WD22 may have hardware 80 which may include a radio interface 82 configured to set up and maintain a radio connection 64 with a network node 16 serving the coverage area 18 in which the WD22 is currently located. The radio interface 82 may be formed as, for example, one or more RF transmitters, one or more RF receivers, and / or one or more RF transceivers, or may include them.

[0046] The WD22 hardware 80 further includes a processing circuit 84. The processing circuit 84 may include a processor 86 and memory 88. More specifically, in addition to, or instead of, a processor and memory such as a central processing unit, the processing circuit 84 may include an integrated circuit for processing and / or control, such as one or more processors and / or processor cores and / or FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) and / or ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits) adapted to execute instructions. The processor 86 may be configured to access memory 88 (e.g., write to memory 88 and / or read from memory 88), and memory 88 may include any kind of volatile and / or non-volatile memory, such as cache and / or buffer memory and / or RAM (random access memory) and / or ROM (read-only memory) and / or optical memory and / or EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory).

[0047] Therefore, the WD22 may further include software 90, which may be stored, for example, in memory 88 in the WD22 or in external memory accessible by the WD22 (e.g., a database, storage array, network storage device, etc.). The software 90 may be executable by processing circuit 84. The software 90 may include a client application 92. The client application 92 may operate to provide services to human or non-human users via the WD22, with the support of a host computer 24. On the host computer 24, a running host application 50 may communicate with a running client application 92 via an OTT connection 52 that terminates in the WD22 and the host computer 24. When providing services to a user, the client application 92 may receive request data from the host application 50 and provide user data in response to the request data. The OTT connection 52 may transfer both the request data and the user data. The client application 92 may interact with the user to generate the user data that the client application 92 provides.

[0048] The processing circuit 84 may be configured to control any of the methods and / or processes described herein, and / or to have such methods and / or processes performed, for example, by the WD22. The processor 86 corresponds to one or more processors 86 for performing the WD22 functions described herein. The WD22 includes a memory 88 configured to store data, programmatic software code, and / or other information described herein. In some embodiments, the software 90 and / or client application 92 may include instructions that, when executed by the processor 86 and / or the processing circuit 84, cause the processor 86 and / or the processing circuit 84 to perform the processes described herein with respect to the WD22. For example, the processing circuit 84 of the wireless device 22 may include an operation unit 34 configured to perform one or more wireless device 22 functions as described herein, such as with respect to PHR reporting for MUSIM.

[0049] Carrier aggregation

[0050] Carrier aggregation (CA) is generally used in 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) New Radio (NR, also known as 5G) and Long Term Evolution (LTE, also known as 4G) systems to improve wireless device transmit / receive data rates compared to systems that do not use CA. In CA, wireless devices typically initially operate on a single serving cell called a primary cell (Pcell). The Pcell operates on component carriers in a frequency band. The wireless device is then configured with one or more secondary serving cells ((one or more) SCells) by the network / network node. Each SCell can correspond to a component carrier (CC) in the same frequency band (in-band CA) or to a CC in a different frequency band than the CC corresponding to the Pcell (cross-band CA). For a wireless device to transmit / receive data on (one or more) SCells (for example, by receiving Downlink (DL) Shared Channel (SCH) information on a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) or by transmitting Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) information / data on a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), (one or more) SCells may need to be activated by a network / network node. (One or more) SCells may also be deactivated and later reactivated as needed via activation / deactivation signaling.

[0051] Dual connectivity

[0052] Dual connectivity (DC) is generally used in NR (5G) and LTE systems to help improve the transmit and receive data rates of radio devices. In DC, radio devices typically operate with a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). Each cell group can have one or more serving cells. An MCG cell operating on the primary frequency, where the radio device either performs the initial connection establishment procedure or initiates the connection re-establishment procedure, is called a primary cell or PCell. An SCG cell where the radio device performs random access when performing a reconfiguration in a synchronous procedure is called a primary SCG cell or PSCell.

[0053] In some cases, the terms “primary cell” or “primary serving cell” can refer to a PCell in the case of a wireless device where no DC is configured, and / or to a PCell in an MCG or a PSCell in an SCG in the case of a wireless device where a DC is configured.

[0054] Power Headroom Report

[0055] Power headroom indicates how much transmit power is available for the UE in addition to the power currently being used by the transmit. Power headroom can be defined by the following formula: Power headroom = UE maximum output transmit power - PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS power

[0056] A positive power headroom value indicates that the UE still has transmit power to send data. A negative power headroom value indicates that the UE is already transmitting at or above its maximum output power and has no output power left to send data. The PHR is transmitted as a MAC CE (MAC Control Element) reporting the headroom between the current UE Tx power (estimated power) and the nominal power. The base station uses this reported value to estimate how much uplink bandwidth the UE can use for a particular subframe. The more resource blocks (RBs) the UE is using, the higher the UE Tx power, but the UE Tx power should not exceed the maximum output power. There are two triggers for a PHR (Power Headroom Report): firstly, a path loss change greater than a certain threshold, allowing the UE to calculate the path loss based on the reference signal (RS) power advertised by the network and the measured RS power at the UE antenna port. If this value changes beyond a certain threshold, the UE transmits a PHR. Secondly, it is triggered by a period timer. These triggers are specified in RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages.

[0057] Multi-USIM

[0058] In wireless communication systems, without support from the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications, support for multi-USIM-based operation in UEs is handled in implementation-specific ways, resulting in various implementations and UE behaviors. In multi-USIM devices, USIMs generally share common radio and baseband components. Therefore, multi-USIM devices can register in different networks, however, using a single radio front-end (RF) and baseband. Legacy multi-SIM supports Dual SIM Dual Standby (DSDS) type operation. In DSDS, only one of the USIMs is actively connected to the PLMN in RRC_Connected mode to receive data, while the other USIM is in RRC_Idle / RRC_inactive mode. This is based on legacy UE architectures that use single Rx or dual Rx with single Tx, which are supported up to 3GPP Rel-17. In a UE that supports only a single Tx, multi-SIM operation is limited, with the first USIM in active connection mode (transmitting and / or receiving data) with respect to the first USIM, while the second USIM is in idle mode. Since the single Tx is occupied by the UL transmission of the first USIM, there is no possibility of UL feedback from the UE to the network side regarding the second USIM.

[0059] Rel-18 WI for MUSIM

[0060] In 3GPP Standard Release 18, work on MUSIM was initiated for the following justifiable reasons: ==========================================================================

[0061] The hardware capabilities of a MUSIM UE are shared by the SIMs, and in order to use the hardware efficiently and economically, the capabilities involved need to be dynamically divided between the two SIMs. This can lead to temporary hardware contention for the UE, which may require the UE to release some resources (e.g., SCell / SCG) from one of the SIMs. For example, if UE's SIM A is in an RRC connected state on NW A, but UE's SIM B is RRC idle or RRC inactive on NW B, the two RF chains will be occupied by SIM A for communication on NW A. When UE's SIM B enters an RRC connected state, one of the RF chains needs to be switched to SIM B. In this example, if NW A is unaware of the UE's reduced capability change in the RF chain, there may be demodulation failures and data loss due to wasted radio resources on NW A. To avoid this, assistance from the UE to network A regarding these temporary UE (capacity) limitations may be beneficial. ==================================================================================.

[0062] Work Items (WI) in Release 18 were based on a new UE architecture, Dual Rx / Dual Tx UE. Dual Tx, a required architecture for supporting dual connectivity, can also benefit from multi-SIM capabilities, as both USIMs can be in active mode with respect to two UL chains to support the UL feedback loop.

[0063] The goal of this WI was to designate a temporary UE capability that would allow for the release of UE capability from one USIM to both USIMs, and the re-enablement of UE capability from both USIMs to one USIM. ===================================================================== An extension to the MUSIM procedure for simultaneous operation in the RRC_CONNECTED state on NW A and NW B. [RAN2, RAN3, RAN4]. Specify a mechanism for instructing preferences regarding temporary UE capacity limitations and the removal of limitations on NW A (e.g., capacity updates, cell release, activation (deactivation) of configured resources) when a UE needs to send or receive for MUSIM purposes (e.g., to start / stop connecting to NW B). • RAT Parallelism: Network A is NR SA or NR DC (with CA). Network B can be either LTE or NR. • Applicable UE architecture: Dual RX / Dual TX UE This work item identifies whether this WI will have a RAN3 or RAN4 influence due to RAN#99 [RAN2]. =====================================================================

[0064] UL Power Control Procedures and PHR

[0065] Power control and power capacity

[0066] Power capacity determines the maximum UE uplink power per cell or for carrier aggregation (CA). The remaining uplink power, assuming transmit allocation by the base station, is reported to the base station through power headroom reporting.

[0067] The UE output power for uplink transmission UEs to BS is controlled separately for each cell c and carrier frequency f. Power control for uplink transmission in transmission opportunity i generally involves both open-loop and closed-loop control. P f,c (i) = min[P CMAX,f,c (i), P0 + α f,c PL f,c + 10 log M f,c (i) + Δ f,c (i) + δ f,c (i)] Here, P0 is the target reception power at the receiver (gNB in the case of NR), and PL f,c is the path loss estimate with the weighting factor α c,f (P0 + α f,c PL f,c total, the required output power of the transmission resource for each resource for open-loop control), M f,c is the allocated resource bandwidth, Δ f,c includes factors such as the uplink modulation format, and δ f,c is the relative power change in the case of closed-loop control. The output power determined by the open-loop power and the closed-loop power is limited by the maximum output power P CMAX,f,c (i) set (calculated) by the UE for the cell c and the carrier frequency f. The set P CMAX,f,c (i) is applied for all types of transmissions (PUCCH, PUSCH, and SRS) and is capped by the power capability P power class . In NR, in the frequency range FR1 below 7 GHz where the output power can be measured at the antenna connector, the set P CMAX,f,c (i) is essentially represented by the following, TIFF2026516668000002.tif7170 Thus, it can be limited by the following. · The power capability P of the UE indicated to the network by UE capability signaling power class · A function f(P power class , MPR) of the power capability and the maximum power reduction (MPR) allowed, for example, for compliance with unwanted emission requirements, such that f(P power class • Cell-specific or UE-specific limits P instructed to the UE by the network in system information broadcast within the cell or by dedicated signaling to the UE. Max (absolute). The UE is given a power backoff up to MPR(dB), but does not necessarily use the full allowable value. Therefore, P CMAX,f,c (i) is specified in FR1 for a single serving cell within the range from [1]. Set maximum output power P CMAX,f,c It will be set within the following limits. P CMAX_L,f,c ≤P CMAX,f,c ≤P CMAX_H,f,c ,Also, P CMAX_L,f,c =MIN{P EMAX,c -ΔT C,c ,(P PowerClass -ΔP PowerClass )-MAX(MAX(MPR c +ΔMPR c A-MPR c )+ΔT IB,c +ΔT C,c +ΔT RxSRS P-MPR c )} P CMAX_H,f,c =MIN{P EMAX,c ,P PowerClass -ΔP PowerClass} Here, the lower limit is determined by the maximum allowable backoff MPR, and both the upper and lower limits are determined by the power class (power capacity) P power class and Cell-specific limited class P Max (P EMAX、c ) is limited by and. Also, for example, filter attenuation (ΔT C Other permissible power reductions corresponding to ) reduce the lower limit at the carrier edge, but without loss of generality, for the sake of notational simplicity, are not included in what is described below. The upper limit corresponds to the case where the UE does not apply power backoff and is limited only by the power class and power limit. The power class is ΔP if the maximum power capacity must be reduced, for example, for exposure compliance (SAR). powerclass It can be modified by [this method].

[0068] Carrier aggregation and power capacity

[0069] In carrier aggregation (CA), the UE determines the maximum total power P for all aggregated serving cells in the CA combination. CMAX Set it. For FR1, P CMAX This includes the power backoff specified in the antenna connector and applied on the serving cell portion of the CA setting, and in the case of interband UL CA, it is essentially the sum of the set power per cell and the ΔP of the CA band combination. power class,CA The upper limit is determined by [the relevant factor].

[0070] Set total maximum output power P CMAX It shall be set within the following limits. P CMAX_L ≤P CMAX ≤P CMAX_H For uplink interband carrier aggregation with one serving cell c per operating bandwidth, when the same slot symbol pattern is used in all aggregated serving cells, P CMAX_L =MIN{10log 10 ΣMIN[p EMAX,c / ( Δt C,c ),p PowerClass.c / (MAX(mpr c ·Δmpr c a-mpr c )·Δt C,c ·Δt IB,c ·Δt RxSRS,c ),p PowerClass,c / pmpr c ],P EMAX,CA ,P PowerClass,CA -ΔP PowerClass,CA} P CMAX_H =MIN{10log 10 Σp EMAX,c ,P EMAX,CA ,P PowerClass,CA -ΔP PowerClass,CA Set total power P for all aggregated serving cells in the CA combination CMAX This is used for prioritizing transmit power when the UE has power limits.

[0071] Prioritization for reducing transmission power

[0072] For single-cell operation with two uplink carriers, or operation with carrier aggregation, the total UE transmit power for PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, or SRS transmissions on the serving cell within the frequency range in each transmit opportunity i is: TIFF2026516668000003.tif6170, and for FR1, as specified in TS38.101-1 8-1 and for FR2, as specified in TS38.101-2 8-2, P in transmission opportunity i CMAX (i) The linear value is, If the TIFF2026516668000004.tif6170 is exceeded, the UE will allocate power to the PUSCH / PUCCH / PRACH / SRS transmits in the following order of priority (descending), and therefore the total UE transmit power for transmits on serving cells within that frequency range will be for all symbols of transmit opportunity i within that frequency range. It will be less than or equal to TIFF2026516668000005.tif6170. When determining the total transmit power for serving cells within the frequency range in the symbol of transmit opportunity i, the UE does not include power for transmits that start after the symbol of transmit opportunity i. The total UE transmit power in the slot symbol is defined as the sum of the linear values ​​of the UE transmit power for PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, and SRS in the slot symbol. - Sending PRACH on Pcell - PUCCH or PUSCH transmission with a higher priority index according to Section 9. - For PUCCH or PUSCH transmissions with the same priority index - PUCCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information and / or SR and / or LRR, or PUSCH transmission with HARQ-ACK information - PUCCH transmission with CSI or PUSCH transmission with CSI - PUSCH transmissions without HARQ-ACK information or CSI, and PUSCH transmissions on PCell for Type 2 random access procedures. - SRS transmission using aperiodic SRS with a higher priority than semi-persistent and / or periodic SRS, or PRACH transmission on serving cells other than PCell.

[0073] Given the same priority order and in operations involving carrier aggregation, the UE prioritizes power allocations for transmissions on primary cells of the MCG or SCG over transmissions on secondary cells. Given the same priority order and in operations involving two UL carriers, the UE prioritizes power allocations for transmissions on carriers on which the UE is configured to transmit a PUCCH. If a PUCCH is not configured on either of the two UL carriers, the UE prioritizes power allocations for transmissions on unaccompanied UL carriers.

[0074] Total Power P CMAX Based on this premise, the UE allocates power to transmit types in order of preference when power limits are in place. This means, for example, that a primary cell (PCell) is preferred for a given transmit, such as simultaneous push transmits on multiple serving cells.

[0075] The power class of the CA setting also allows for ΔP for concurrent uplink transmission on more uplink serving cells. power class,CA This can be modified by a to take MPE requirements into account. This is because UE is ΔP power class,CAThis means starting to prioritize the uplink power at a lower output power (dB scale). The conditions under which this is allowed are specified for the selected case and may depend on the uplink duty cycle on the serving cell. The power class for a band combination (CA or dual connectivity) may be different from the power class for the constituent bands. For a band combination, the P power class,CA modified by ΔP power class,CA will, if lower than the P power class for the constituent bands, result in the transmission power for the latter being prioritized (reduced).

[0076] Power headroom report The power capability is the power headroom (PH) reported during the power headroom report (PH) PH = P CMAX,f,c (i) - [P0 + α f,c PL f,c + 10 log M f,c (i) + Δ f,c (i) + δ f,c (i)], (the maximum output power set (depending on the power class)) Determine the ratio / difference (linear / dB) between TIFF2026516668000006.tif7170 and the estimated output power required for the uplink transmission scheduled by the BS. A positive value (in dB units) means there is available remaining power, while a negative PH means that the uplink power is capped by the maximum power and there is a power shortage for the uplink allocation. The maximum output power is also reported in the PHR. If the maximum power is modified by ΔP power class or P - MPR (or any other power back - off included in P CMAX,f,c ), the PH is changed for a given scheduled uplink transmission. The PH is for the scheduled uplink resources (M in the above expression f,c(i)) may be based on the assumption that there is an actual transmission or a reference format without scheduled resources, and that all power backoffs (including P-MPR) are set to 0. The UE determines the PHR as follows [2]: that the PH value for the serving cell to be activated is based on an actual transmission or a reference format by considering the (one or more) set grant or periodic / semi-periodic SRS transmission and the received downlink control information from when the PHR was triggered until the PDCCH occasion in which a first UL grant for a new transmission is received (including that PDCCH occasion), or, if the PHR MAC CE is reported on a set grant, until the first uplink symbol of the PUSCH transmission-PUSCH ready time, as specified in subclosed TS38.214. ΔP powerclass This affects the PHR for both the actual transmission and reference formats for both PUSCH and SRS. Temporal ΔP powerclass The applicability of this depends on the UE implementation. PHRs are reported for PUSCH (Type 1) and SRS (Type 3). A PH can be either a single entry (for a given serving cell) or a multi-entry system including serving cells in an MR-DC or UL CA bandwidth combination. The latter is set for the bandwidth combination, and otherwise it is a single entry. The PHR may be periodic (generally 20-50 ms) or triggered by an event in the phr-PeriodicTimer, such as a change in DL path loss that affects the required UL power, or a change in P-MPR when this exceeds a configurable threshold. [3] According to [3], the PHR is to be triggered when any of the following events occur: - phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired, and path loss occurs when any MAC entity has a UL resource for a new transmission, for at least one RS used as a path loss reference for one activated serving cell of a MAC entity where the active DL BWP is not a dormant BWP, phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB[configurable threshold] has changed since the last transmission of the PHR in that MAC entity, Regarding SAR and MPE compliance, PHR is also triggered when the UE has UL resources for a new transmission, and the P-MPR changes beyond a configurable threshold for phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange for more than a few tenths of a millisecond (SAR, long-term average). - There is an UL resource allocated for transmission, or there is a PUCCH transmission on this cell, and the required power backoff by power management for this cell (as permitted by P-MPRc as specified in TS38.101-1, TS38.101-2, and TS38.101-3) has changed by more than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB since the last PHR transmission when the MAC entity has an UL resource allocated for transmission or a PUCCH transmission on this cell. According to 3GPP TS38.213, PHR is defined as follows: - 5.4.6 Power Headroom Report The power headroom reporting procedure is used to provide the following information to the serving gNB. - Type 1 power headroom: The difference between the nominal UE maximum transmit power and the estimated power for UL-SCH transmit per activated serving cell. - Type 2 Power Headroom: The difference between the nominal UE maximum transmit power and the estimated power for UL-SCH and PUCCH transmits on the SpCell of other MAC entities (i.e., E-UTRA MAC entities in the case of EN-DC, NE-DC, and NGEN-DC). - Type 3 Power Headroom: The difference between the nominal UE maximum transmit power and the estimated power for SRS transmit per activated serving cell. - Power backoff to meet MPE FR2 requirements for serving cells operating on MPE P-MPR:FR2. RRC controls power headroom reporting by setting the following parameters: - phr-PeriodicTimer, - phr-ProhibitTimer, - phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange, - phr-Type2OtherCell, - phr-ModeOtherCG, - seaPHR, - mpe-Reporting-FR2, - mpe-ProhibitTimer, - mpe-Threshold, - numberOfN, - mpe-ResourcePool, - twoPHRMode. The Power Headroom Report (PHR) shall be triggered if any of the following events occur: - When phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired, and path loss occurs, for any MAC entity, since the last transmission of PHR in this MAC entity, for at least one RS used as a path loss reference, the phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB has changed more than 0.00 dB for one activated serving cell of a MAC entity where the active DL BWP is not a dormant BWP. Note 1: The path loss variation for one cell evaluated above is the difference between the path loss measured at the current time with respect to the current path loss reference and the path loss measured at the transmission time of the last transmission of the PHR with respect to the path loss reference in use at that time, regardless of whether the path loss reference has changed in between. The current path loss reference for this purpose does not include the path loss reference set using pathlossReferenceRS-Pos in TS38.331 [5]. - when the phr-PeriodicTimer expires, - when the upper layer sets or resets the power headroom reporting function and does not use it to disable the function, - when activating an SCell of any MAC entity with a configured uplink where firstActiveDownlinkBWP-Id is not set to the dormant BWP, - when activating the SCG, - adding a PSCell (i.e., a new PSCell is added or changed), except when the SCG is deactivated, - for any serving cell of any MAC entity that has UL resources for a new transmission and is activated with a configured uplink, the phr-ProhibitTimer expires or has expired when any of the following is true: - there is UL resource allocated for transmission or there is PUCCH transmission on this cell, and the power back-off required by power management (as allowed by P-MPR specified in TS38.101-1

[14] , TS38.101-2

[15] , and TS38.101-3

[16] ) for this cell changes by more than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB since the last transmission of the PHR when the MAC entity has the UL resource allocated for transmission or the PUCCH transmission on this cell. c ​- When switching the activated BWP from a dormant BWP to a non-dormant DL BWP for any MAC entity's SCell with configured uplinks, - If mpe-Reporting-FR2 is configured and mpe-ProhibitTimer is not running, - From the last transmission of PHR in this MAC entity, for at least one activated FR2 serving cell, the measured P-MPR applied to satisfy the FR2 MPE requirements specified in TS38.101-2

[15] is equal to or greater than the mpe-Threshold, - The measured P-MPR applied to satisfy the MPE requirement is equal to or greater than the mpe-Threshold in this MAC entity, and since the last transmission of the PHR, the measured P-MPR applied to satisfy the FR2 MPE requirement specified in TS38.101-2

[15] has changed by more than phr-Tx-PowerFactorChange dB for at least one activated FR2 serving cell. In that case, the PHR will be referred to as the "MPE P-MPR report" below. Note 2: MAC entities should avoid triggering PHR when the required power backoff due to power management is reduced only temporarily (e.g., for a maximum of tens of milliseconds), and MAC entities should avoid triggering PHR when PHR is triggered by other triggering conditions. CMAX,f,c It is best to avoid reflecting such a temporary decrease in the / PH value. Note 3: If a cg-RetransmissionTimer is configured in the HARQ process, and the PHR is already included in the MAC PDU for transmission on the grant configured by this HARQ process but has not yet been transmitted by the lower layer, how the PHR content should be handled depends on the UE implementation.

[0077]

[0078] In some embodiments, the internal workings of the network node 16, WD22, and host computer 24 may be as shown in Figure 2, and separately, the surrounding network topology may be as shown in Figure 1.

[0079] In Figure 2, the OTT connection 52 is depicted abstractly to illustrate communication between the host computer 24 and the wireless device 22 via the network node 16, without explicit reference to the intermediary devices and the precise routing of messages through these devices. The network infrastructure may determine the routing, and the network infrastructure may be configured to hide the routing from WD22, the service provider operating the host computer 24, or both. While the OTT connection 52 is active, the network infrastructure may also make decisions to dynamically change the routing (for example, based on network load balancing considerations or reconfiguration).

[0080] The wireless connection 64 between WD22 and network node 16 follows the teachings of embodiments described throughout this disclosure. One or more of the various embodiments improve the performance of OTT services provided to WD22 using an OTT connection 52 in which the wireless connection 64 may form the final segment. More precisely, some teachings of these embodiments may improve data rate, latency, and / or power consumption, thereby providing benefits such as reduced user latency, relaxed file size limits, better responsiveness, and extended battery life.

[0081] In some embodiments, a measurement procedure may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rate, latency, and other factors, which are improved in one or more embodiments. Further optional network functions may be provided for reconfiguring the OTT connection 52 between the host computer 24 and the WD22 in response to variations in the measurement results. The measurement procedure and / or network function for reconfiguring the OTT connection 52 may be implemented in the software 48 of the host computer 24, or in the software 90 of the WD22, or both. In embodiments, a sensor (not shown) may be deployed in or in relation to a communication device through which the OTT connection 52 passes, and the sensor may participate in the measurement procedure by supplying values ​​of the monitored quantities exemplified above, or values ​​of other physical quantities through which the software 48, 90 can calculate or estimate the monitored quantities. Reconfiguring the OTT connection 52 may include message formatting, retransmission settings, preferred routing, etc., and the reconfiguration may not need to affect the network node 16, and may be unknown to or imperceptible to the network node 16. Several such procedures and functions are known and practiced in the art. In some embodiments, the measurement may involve proprietary WD signaling that facilitates the measurement of the host computer 24, such as throughput, propagation time, and latency. In some embodiments, the measurement may be implemented such that software 48, 90 monitors propagation time, errors, etc., and software 48, 90 uses an OTT connection 52 to send messages, in particular empty or "dummy" messages.

[0082] Accordingly, in some embodiments, the host computer 24 includes a processing circuit 42 configured to provide user data and a communication interface 40 configured to forward the user data to the cellular network for transmission to the WD22. In some embodiments, the cellular network also includes a network node 16 having a radio interface 62. In some embodiments, the network node 16 is configured to perform the functions and / or methods described herein for preparing / starting / maintaining / supporting / terminating transmissions to the WD22 and / or preparing / terminating / maintaining / supporting / terminating transmissions from the WD22, and / or the processing circuit 68 of the network node 16 is configured to perform them.

[0083] In some embodiments, the host computer 24 includes a processing circuit 42 and a communication interface 40, the communication interface 40 being configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from the WD 22 to the network node 16. In some embodiments, the WD 22 includes a radio interface 82 and / or processing circuit 84 configured to perform and / or perform the functions and / or methods described herein for preparing / starting / maintaining / supporting / terminating transmissions to the network node 16 and / or preparing / terminating / maintaining / supporting / terminating transmissions from the network node 16.

[0084] Figures 1 and 2 show various "units," such as the expansion unit 32 and the operation unit 34, which are located within each processor. These units can be implemented such that a portion of the unit is stored in the corresponding memory within the processing circuit. In other words, the units can be implemented in hardware or as a combination of hardware and software within the processing circuit.

[0085] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method implemented in a communication system, such as the communication system in Figures 1 and 2, according to one embodiment. The communication system may include a host computer 24, a network node 16, and a WD22, which may be described with reference to Figure 2. In a first step of the method, the host computer 24 provides user data (block S100). In an optional substep of the first step, the host computer 24 provides user data by running a host application, such as host application 50 (block S102). In a second step, the host computer 24 initiates a transmission to carry the user data to the WD22 (block S104). In an optional third step, the network node 16 transmits the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the host computer 24 to the WD22, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure (block S106). In an optional fourth step, WD22 executes a client application, such as a client application 92, which is related to the host application 50 executed by the host computer 24 (block S108).

[0086] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method implemented in a communication system, such as the communication system of Figure 1, according to one embodiment. The communication system may include a host computer 24, a network node 16, and a WD22, which may be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. In a first step of the method, the host computer 24 provides user data (block S110). In an optional substep (not shown), the host computer 24 provides user data by running a host application, such as host application 50. In a second step, the host computer 24 initiates a transmission to carry the user data to the WD22 (block S112). The transmission may proceed via the network node 16, as taught in the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. In an optional third step, the WD22 receives the user data carried in the transmission (block S114).

[0087] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method implemented in a communication system, such as the communication system of Figure 1, according to one embodiment. The communication system may include a host computer 24, a network node 16, and a WD 22, which may be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. In an optional first step of the method, the WD 22 receives input data provided by the host computer 24 (block S116). In an optional substep of the first step, the WD 22 runs a client application 92 that provides user data in response to the received input data provided by the host computer 24 (block S118). In an optional second step, either additionally or alternatively, the WD 22 provides user data (block S120). In an optional substep of the second step, the WD provides user data by running a client application, such as the client application 92 (block S122). When providing user data, the executed client application 92 may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific format in which the user data is provided, WD22 may initiate transmission of the user data to the host computer 24 in an optional third substep (block S124). In a fourth step of the method, the host computer 24 receives the user data transmitted from WD22 in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure (block S126).

[0088] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method implemented in a communication system, such as the communication system of Figure 1, according to one embodiment. The communication system may include a host computer 24, a network node 16, and a WD22, which may be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2. In an optional first step of the method, the network node 16 receives user data from the WD22 (block S128), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. In an optional second step, the network node 16 initiates a transmission of the received user data to the host computer 24 (block S130). In a third step, the host computer 24 receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the network node 16 (block S132).

[0089] Figure 7 is a flowchart of an exemplary process in a network node 16 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. One or more blocks and / or functions performed by the network node 16 may be performed by one or more elements of the network node 16, such as by an expansion unit 32 in the processing circuit 68, a processor 70, a radio interface 62, etc. In one or more embodiments, the network node 16 may, as described herein, receive first data from a radio device 22 (block S134), the first data being transmitted from the radio device using a first USIM and at least two UL Tx, and is configured to receive first data (block S134). In one or more embodiments, the network node 16, as described herein, receives a first PHR from a wireless device (block S136), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, and is configured to receive a first PHR (block S136), wherein the first PHR includes a set first maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device. In one or more embodiments, the network node 16, as described herein, receives a second PHR from a wireless device (block S138), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, and is configured to receive a second PHR (block S138), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, and is configured to receive a second PHR (block S138), such as the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, wherein the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0090] According to one or more embodiments, a first PHR report is based on the transmission of a first data, and a second PHR is based on the transmission of a second data, the second data being transmitted from the wireless device to a second PLMN using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx. According to one or more embodiments, the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR. According to one or more embodiments, the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR being PCMAX_C_00.

[0091] In one or more alternative embodiments, the network node 16, as described herein, receives first data from the wireless device 22 (block S134), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, and is configured to receive first data (block S134), wherein the first data is transmitted from the wireless device using a first USIM and one of at least two UL Tx. In one or more embodiments, the network node 16, as described herein, receives first PHR (block S136), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, and is configured to receive first PHR (block S136), such as the first PHR includes a set first maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device. In one or more embodiments, the network node 16, via one or more of the processing circuit 68, processor 70, expansion unit 32, communication interface 60, and wireless interface 62, is configured to receive a second PHR from a wireless device (block S138), as described herein, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is increased compared to a first maximum output power for uplink transmission.

[0092] According to one or more embodiments, a first PHR report is based on the transmission of a first data, and a second PHR is based on the transmission of a second data, the second data being transmitted from the wireless device to a second PLMN using a second USIM and at least two UL Tx.

[0093] Figure 8 is a flowchart of an exemplary process in a wireless device 22 according to several embodiments of the present disclosure. One or more blocks and / or functions performed by the wireless device 22 may be performed by one or more elements of the wireless device 22, such as by the operating unit 34 in the processing circuit 84, the processor 86, the wireless interface 82, etc. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device is configured to perform transmitting first data to a first PLMN using a first USIM and at least two UL Tx (S140), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, the processor 86, the operating unit 34, and the wireless interface 82, as described herein. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device, such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34, and wireless interface 82, is configured to transmit a first power headroom report (PHR) to a first PLMN (S142), as described herein, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device, such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34, and wireless interface 82, is configured to transmit a second data to a second PLMN (S144) using a second USIM and one of at least two UL Tx. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device, such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34, and wireless interface 82, is configured to transmit a second PHR to a first PLMN (S146), the second PHR including a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, wherein the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to a first maximum output power for uplink transmission (S146).

[0094] According to one or more embodiments, a first PHR report is based on a first data transmission, and a second PHR is based on a second data transmission. According to one or more embodiments, the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR. According to one or more embodiments, the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR being PCMAX_C_00.

[0095] In alternative embodiments, the wireless device, such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34, and wireless interface 82, is configured to transmit first data to a first PLMN using a first USIM and one of at least two UL Tx (S140), as described herein. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device, such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34, and wireless interface 82, is configured to transmit a first power headroom report (PHR) to a first PLMN (S142), as described herein, wherein the first PHR includes a first set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device is configured to transmit second data to a second PLMN using a second USIM and at least two UL Tx, as described herein (S144), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34 and wireless interface 82. In one or more embodiments, the wireless device is configured to transmit a second PHR to a first PLMN (S146), such as via one or more of the processing circuit 84, processor 86, operating unit 34 and wireless interface 82, as described herein, such as transmitting a second PHR to a first PLMN (S146), the second PHR including a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission being increased compared to a first maximum output power for uplink transmission (S146).

[0096]

[0097] A general overview of the configuration for PHR regarding MUSIM has been provided, but further details on these configurations, functions, and processes are provided below, which may be implemented by the network node 16, the wireless device 22, and / or the host computer 24.

[0098] An embodiment for providing a PHR for MUSIM.

[0099] Scenario for single-carrier operation on PLMN 1

[0100] Figure 9 shows single-carrier operation for the first PLMN. In Figure 9, the first PLMN uses single-carrier operation to communicate with the UE, and the UE architecture uses dual Rx / dual Tx. If two Tx antenna ports support two Tx transceivers, uplink transmission can apply UL-MIMO or UL Tx diversity by antenna switching scheme. Other UE architectures using two or more Tx chains / Tx transceivers are also within the scope of this embodiment, where two or more Tx antenna ports are used to transmit uplink signals / data to the gNB. Generally, when a PHR is triggered under the conditions specified in 3GPP TS38.321, there is at least one of the parameters reported for the first PLMN, e.g., PC_Max, according to Table 6.1.3.8-1-3. When both of the two UL Tx are used by the first PLMN, PC_Max is reported as first PC_max. When one of the Tx is used by the second PLMN, PC_Max is reported as the second PC_max, and the second PC_max indicates a power reduction compared to the first PC_max. Furthermore, in this embodiment, when two UL Tx are used by both the first and second PLMNs, PC_Max is reported as the first PC_max. When both of the two UL Tx are again used by the first PLMN, PC_Max is reported as the second PC_max, and the second PC_max indicates a power increase compared to the first PC_max.

[0101] Table 6.1.3.8-1: Power headroom levels for PHRs TIFF2026516668000007.tif53170 Table 6.1.3.8-2: Nominal UE Transmit Power Levels for PHR TIFF2026516668000008.tif42170 Table 6.1.3.8-3: Effective power reduction for MPE P-MPR In one embodiment, the power reduction is with respect to a second PC_max. The second PC_max is reported, for example, as a higher value PCMAX_C. When a higher PCMax_C is received in the PHR for a particular carrier, the gNB schedules the data assuming that less power is available. Table 1. Reported PC_MAX values TIFF2026516668000010.tif43170

[0102] Scenario for CA or DC operation on the first PLMN

[0103] Figure 10 shows CA / DC with multiple carrier operation for the first PLMN. When the first PLMN uses CA / DC operation to communicate with a UE having a UE architecture that includes two or more Tx chains / Tx transceivers, such as dual Rx / dual Tx, two or more Tx antenna ports may be used to transmit uplink signals / data to the gNB. For example, in an uplink transmit using two Tx antenna ports supporting two Tx transceivers, the uplink transmit may be applied over multiple UL carriers. When a PHR is triggered under the conditions specified in 3GPP TS38.321, there is at least one of the parameters reported in the following table, which has multiple entries, e.g., PC_Max. When both of the two UL Tx are used by the first PLMN with multiple UL carriers, PC_Max is reported as the first PC_max. When one of the Tx is used by the second PLMN, PC_Max is reported as the second PC_max, and the second PC_max indicates a power reduction compared to the first PC_max. Furthermore, when two UL Tx are used by both the first and second PLMNs, PC_Max is reported as the first PC_max. When both of the two UL Tx are again used by the first PLMN for multiple UL carriers, PC_Max will be reported as the second PC_max, and the second PC_max will indicate a power increase compared to the first PC_max. Figure 11 shows a multi-entry PHR MAC CE(a) where the highest ServCellIndex of the serving cell with configured uplinks is less than 8, and a multi-entry PHR MAC CE(b) where the highest ServCellIndex of the serving cell with configured uplinks is equal to or higher than 8.

[0104] In one embodiment, the aim is to apply a power reduction to one of the entries (carriers), or to set its PH to a minimum value. For example, Pcmax, c) not included for virtual transmit V="1". In this case, the UE includes V=1 for the serving cell and sets its PH to POWER_HEADROOM_0 (PH<-32dB), or any instruction with PH<0, which also indicates that the UE power is not sufficient to schedule a UL grant.

[0105] In one embodiment, the power reduction is for a second PC_max, which is reported as PCMAX_C_00. When a received PC_MAX_C_00 is received in the PHR for a particular carrier, the gNB assumes that there is not enough power available and stops scheduling data on that carrier. Table 2. Reported PC_MAX values TIFF2026516668000011.tif43170

[0106]

[0107] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the concepts described herein may be embodied as methods, data processing systems, computer program products, and / or computer storage media for storing executable computer programs. Accordingly, the concepts described herein may take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware embodiments, all of which may be generally referred to herein as “circuits” or “modules.” Any process, step, action, and / or function described herein may be carried out by and / or associated with a corresponding module, which may be implemented in software and / or firmware and / or hardware. Furthermore, this disclosure may take the form of a computer program product on a tangible computer-readable storage medium having computer program code embodied in a medium that can be executed by a computer. Any suitable tangible computer-readable medium may be used, including hard disks, CD-ROMs, electronic storage devices, optical storage devices, or magnetic storage devices.

[0108] Several embodiments have been described herein with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams illustrating methods, systems, and computer program products. It will be understood that each block in a flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as combinations of blocks in a flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, or other programmable data processing device for creating a machine (thereby creating a dedicated computer), and so those instructions executed via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device create means for implementing a function / action specified in one or more blocks of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0109] These computer program instructions may also be stored in computer-readable memory or storage medium that can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, and so the instructions stored in computer-readable memory may produce a product that includes instruction means for implementing a function / action specified in one or more blocks of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0110] Computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device in order to create a computer implementation process; therefore, instructions executed on a computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing a function / action specified in one or more blocks of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0111] It should be understood that the functions / actions mentioned within a block may occur in a different order than those shown in the illustrative diagram of the operation. For example, depending on the functions / actions involved, two blocks shown consecutively may, in effect, be executed substantially concurrently, or blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order. Some of the diagrams include arrows on the communication path to indicate the primary direction of communication, but it should be understood that communication may occur in the opposite direction to the illustrated arrows.

[0112] Computer program code for performing the operations of the concepts described herein may be written in an object-oriented programming language such as Java® or C++. However, computer program code for performing the operations of the disclosure may also be written in a conventional procedural programming language such as the C programming language. The program code may run entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0113] Many different embodiments have been disclosed herein in relation to the above description and drawings. It will be understood that a literal description and illustration of every combination and partial combination of these embodiments would be excessively repetitive and obscure. Therefore, all embodiments may be combined in some way and / or in combination, and this specification, including the drawings, should be construed as constituting a complete written description of all combinations and partial combinations of the embodiments described herein, and all combinations and partial combinations of the modes and processes of making and using them, and shall support any claims for any such combination or partial combination.

[0114] The abbreviations that may be used in the above explanation include the following: Abbreviations and Explanations USIM (Universal Subscriber Identification Module), physical SIM card, or eSIM PHR Power Headroom Report PLMN Public Land Mobile Network BWP bandwidth portion DSDA Dual SIM Dual Active DSDS Dual SIM Dual Standby CA Career Aggregation DC Dual Connectivity CBG Code Block Group CCE control channel element DAI Downlink Allocation Indicator DCI Downlink Control Information HARQ Hybrid Automated Resend Request MIMO Multi-Input Multi-Output NACK Negative Response PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Data Channel SRS Sounding Reference Signal PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel TB transport block UCI Uplink Control Information

[0115] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein are not limited to those specifically shown and described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that not all of the accompanying drawings are to a single scale unless otherwise stated above. Various modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings.

Claims

1. A method implemented by a wireless device 22 comprising at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), configured to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN, wherein the method is Transmitting the first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and the at least two UL Tx (S140), Transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN (S142), wherein the first PHR transmits a first power headroom report (PHR) including a set first maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device (S142), and Transmitting the second data to the second PLMN using the second USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx (S144), Transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN (S146), wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission (S146). Methods that include...

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first PHR report is based on the transmission of the first data, and the second PHR is based on the transmission of the second data.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the PHR is defined as the difference between the set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device and the estimated output power required for the uplink transmission scheduled by the network node.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) use UL-MIMO or Tx diversity.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the wireless device is configured for dual connectivity when communicating with the first public mobile network (PLMN) and / or the second PLMN.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the wireless device is configured for carrier aggregation when communicating with the first public mobile network (PLMN) and / or the second PLMN.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the wireless device communicates with the first PLMN using a first UL Tx on a first UL carrier and a second UL Tx on a second UL carrier, and the wireless device communicates with the second PLMN using at least one of the two UL Tx on the first UL carrier.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR is PCMAX_C_00.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the wireless device comprises multiple USIMs (MUSIMs).

11. A wireless device 22 is configured to include at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), and is configurable to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN, wherein the wireless device includes a wireless interface 62 and a processing circuit 68, and the wireless interface 62 and the processing circuit 68 are Transmitting the first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and the at least two UL Tx, Transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN, wherein the first PHR includes a first set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and Transmitting the second data to the second PLMN using the second USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx, Transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum power for uplink transmission. A wireless device 22 is configured to perform the following actions.

12. The wireless device according to claim 11, wherein a first PHR report is transmitted based on the transmission of the first data, and a second PHR is transmitted based on the transmission of the second data.

13. The wireless device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the PHR is defined as the difference between the set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device and the estimated output power required for the uplink transmission scheduled by the network node.

14. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR.

15. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx) use UL-MIMO or Tx diversity.

16. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the wireless device is configured for dual connectivity when communicating with the first public mobile network (PLMN) and / or the second PLMN.

17. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the wireless device is configured for carrier aggregation when communicating with the first public mobile network (PLMN) and / or the second PLMN.

18. The wireless device according to claim 17, wherein the wireless device communicates with the first PLMN using a first UL Tx on a first UL carrier and a second UL Tx on a second UL carrier, and the wireless device communicates with the second PLMN using at least one of the two UL Tx on the first UL carrier.

19. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR being PCMAX_C_00.

20. The wireless device according to any one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the wireless device comprises a plurality of USIMs (MUSIMs).

21. A method to be implemented in a network node 16 operating in a first public mobile network (PLMN) equipped with a wireless device, wherein the wireless device comprises at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), and is configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN, and the method is Receiving first data from the wireless device (S134), wherein the first data is transmitted from the wireless device using the first USIM and the at least two UL Tx (S134), Receiving a first power headroom report (PHR) from the wireless device (S136), wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device (S136). Receiving a second PHR from the wireless device (S138), wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission (S138). Methods that include...

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the first PHR report is transmitted based on the transmission of the first data, the second PHR is transmitted based on the transmission of the second data, and the second data is transmitted from the wireless device to the second PLMN using the second USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein PHR is defined as the difference between the set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device and the estimated output power required for the uplink transmission scheduled by the network node.

24. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR is PCMAX_C_00.

26. A network node 16 configured to operate in a first public land mobile network (PLMN) comprising a wireless device, wherein the wireless device comprises at least two universal subscriber identification modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), and is configured to communicate with the first PLMN and a second PLMN, and the network node comprises a wireless interface 82 and a processing circuit 84, wherein the wireless interface 82 and the processing circuit 84 are Receiving first data from the wireless device, wherein the first data is transmitted from the wireless device using the first USIM and the at least two UL Tx. Receiving a first power headroom report (PHR) from the wireless device, wherein the first PHR includes a first maximum output power set for uplink transmission for the wireless device. Receiving a second PHR from the wireless device, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is reduced compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission. Network node 16, configured to perform the following.

27. The network node according to claim 26, wherein the first PHR report is transmitted based on the transmission of the first data, the second PHR is transmitted based on the transmission of the second data, and the second data is transmitted from the wireless device to the second PLMN using the second USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx.

28. The network node according to claim 26 or 27, wherein PHR is defined as the difference between the set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device and the estimated output power required for the uplink transmission scheduled by the network node.

29. The network node according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the second PHR is reduced compared to the first PHR.

30. The network node according to any one of claims 26 to 29, wherein the first PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, and the second PHR includes at least one PCMAX value, the PCMAX value included in the second PHR being PCMAX_C_00.

31. A method implemented by a wireless device 22 comprising at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), configured to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN, wherein the method is Transmitting the first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx (S140), Transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN (S142), wherein the first PHR transmits a first power headroom report (PHR) including a set first maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device (S142), and Transmitting the second data to the second PLMN using the second USIM and the at least two UL Tx (S144), Transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN (S146), wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum output power for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum output power for uplink transmission (S146). Methods that include...

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the first PHR report is based on the transmission of the first data, and the second PHR is based on the transmission of the second data.

33. A wireless device 22 is configured to include at least two Universal Subscriber Identification Modules (USIMs) and at least two uplink transmitters (UL Tx), and is configurable to communicate with a first public mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN, wherein the wireless device includes a wireless interface 62 and a processing circuit 68, and the wireless interface 62 and the processing circuit 68 are Transmitting the first data to the first PLMN using the first USIM and one of the at least two UL Tx, Transmitting a first power headroom report (PHR) to the first PLMN, wherein the first PHR includes a first set maximum output power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and Transmitting the second data to the second PLMN using the second USIM and the at least two UL Tx, Transmitting a second PHR to the first PLMN, wherein the second PHR includes a set second maximum power for uplink transmission for the wireless device, and the set second maximum power for uplink transmission is increased compared to the first maximum power for uplink transmission. A wireless device 22 is configured to perform the following actions.

34. The wireless device according to claim 33, wherein a first PHR report is transmitted based on the transmission of the first data, and a second PHR is transmitted based on the transmission of the second data.

Images