Stator assemblies, electric motors, and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides a stator assembly, an electric motor, and a vehicle, relating to the field of vehicle technology. The stator assembly includes a stator core and multiphase windings wound around the stator core, the stator core having a plurality of stator slots along its circumferential direction, each stator slot having M slot layers arranged radially along the stator core, each phase winding including N shunts connected in parallel, each shunt including a first coil segment and a second coil segment connected to each other, each first coil segment and second coil segment including Q wire windings and Q connection segments, the Q wire windings arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and two adjacent wire windings being connected by each connection segment such that the wire windings and connection segments form a plurality of variable pitch units within the corresponding slot layers, the slot layers corresponding to two adjacent wire windings being one of the same layer, adjacent layers or separated layers, the size of the winding ends of the stator core being reduced and soldering points being eliminated, resulting in a compact structure and size, balanced potential in each shunt, and no loop current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of vehicle technology, but are not limited thereto, and in particular, relate to a stator assembly, an electric motor, and a vehicle.

Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles have advantages over conventional gasoline vehicles in terms of power performance, intelligence, usage cost, etc. However, the popularization of electric vehicles is limited by the drawback of long charging time. In order to improve the cruising range of electric vehicles and to improve the power density of the electric vehicle drive system, the drive motor is generally a flat wire motor. The stator assembly of the flat wire motor includes a stator core and a polyphase winding. A plurality of stator slots are distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core, and each stator slot is provided with multiple layers of conductors constituting the polyphase winding.

[0003] The conductors have a plurality of lead ends with respect to the stator core, and the plurality of lead ends need to be soldered together.

[0004] However, the soldering process of the lead ends of the conductors is complicated, and the length of the lead ends of the conductors is long and the material loss is large, which affects the power generation efficiency of the motor.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a stator assembly, an electric motor, and a vehicle. The conductor winding on the stator core has a small size at the end, a compact winding structure, and high convenience in connecting the lead ends.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a stator assembly is provided for application to an electric motor, the stator assembly comprising a stator core and multiphase windings wound around the stator core, wherein the stator core is provided with a plurality of stator slots along its circumferential direction, and each of the stator slots has M layers of slots arranged along the radial direction of the stator core, where M is 4 or more and an even number. Each phase winding includes N parallel-connected shunts, and each shunt includes a first coil segment and a second coil segment connected to each other, wherein the wire of the first coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core in a first direction, and the wire of the second coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core in a second direction, where N is less than or equal to M, and the first direction is different from the second direction. The first coil segment and the second coil segment each include Q winding sections and Q connecting segments, the Q winding sections being arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and two adjacent winding sections being connected by each connecting segment such that the winding section and the connecting segment form a plurality of variable pitch units within the corresponding slot layer, where Q = M * P, where P is the number of pole pairs of the motor, and the slot layer corresponding to two adjacent winding sections is one of the same layer, adjacent layer, or alternate layer. The plurality of variable pitch units include one or more of short-pitch units, full-pitch units, and long-pitch units, wherein the span of the short-pitch units is smaller than the pole pitch of the electric motor, the span of the full-pitch units is equal to the pole pitch of the electric motor, and the span of the long-pitch units is larger than the pole pitch of the electric motor.

[0008] The stator assembly provided in the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects.

[0009] By using continuous windings wound around the stator slots of the stator core, specifically by utilizing the specific winding direction and number of turns along the outer circumference of the stator core for each of the interconnected first and second coil segments, the different types of variable winding pitches within the slot layers of the wire windings and connecting segments included in the first and second coil segments are controlled and modified, thereby forming a stator assembly including a specific winding configuration. This significantly reduces the length of the lead ends protruding from the ends of the stator core compared to the mainstream related technology of hairpin-shaped windings, improving the convenience of wire connection.

[0010] In one selectable implementation, the first coil segment and the second coil segment are connected via a connecting segment, and the winding direction of the connecting segment is the same as the first direction.

[0011] In one selectable implementation, the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

[0012] In one selectable implementation, the lead ends of the first coil segment and the lead ends of the second coil segment are located in the same slot layer.

[0013] In one selectable implementation, the lead ends of the first coil segment and the lead ends of the second coil segment are located in the innermost or outermost layer of the slot layer.

[0014] In one selectable implementation, the span of the short-section winding unit is y1 = τ-1 or τ-2, the span of the long-section winding unit is y1 = τ+1 or τ+2, and the span of the full-section winding unit is y1 = τ, where τ is the magnetic pole pitch of the electric motor.

[0015] In one selectable implementation, the number of stator slots is 54, the number of magnetic poles is 6, and the magnetic pole pitch is 9.

[0016] In one selectable implementation, the multiphase winding is three Aimaki The three-phase windings are wires, and the phase difference in spatial phase of the windings for every two phases is 120°. The method of connecting the conductors of the three-phase windings is either a star connection or a square connection.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides an electric motor including a stator assembly provided by a technical solution of any one of the first aspects, which is mounted internally.

[0018] A third aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, which includes a stator assembly provided by a technical solution of any one of the first aspects that is mounted inside the electric motor of the vehicle, or an electric motor provided by a second aspect that is connected to the vehicle's transmission system.

[0019] The beneficial effects provided in the second and third aspects of the present invention are essentially the same as those provided in the first aspect of the present invention, and therefore a detailed explanation is omitted here.

[0020] To more clearly illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the existing art, the drawings that may be used to describe embodiments or existing art will be briefly described below. However, the drawings in the following description represent only some embodiments of the present invention, and it will be apparent that those skilled in the art can obtain other accompanying drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0021] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stator assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the lead end structure of the stator assembly. [Figure 3] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the non-lead end structure of the stator assembly. [Figure 4] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator slots on the stator core. [Figure 5]It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first shunt of phase A among the polyphase windings in FIG. 1. [Figure 6] It is a developed view of a part of the winding of the first shunt of phase A in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] It is a cross-sectional view of three shunts of phase A among the polyphase windings in FIG. 1. [Figure 8] It is a developed view of a part of the winding of the three-phase winding among the polyphase windings in FIG. 1. [Figure 9] It is a schematic diagram of the phase belt distribution of the polyphase winding in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] It is a schematic diagram of the winding rule of the first shunt winding A1X1 of phase A in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] It is a schematic diagram of the winding rule of the second shunt winding A2X2 of phase A in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] It is a schematic diagram of the winding rule of the third shunt winding A3X3 of phase A in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] It is a schematic diagram of the star connection of the three-phase winding in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] It is a schematic diagram of the delta connection of the three-phase winding in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] It is a schematic diagram of the loop current simulation verification circuit structure in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] It is a result diagram of the currents of three shunts of phase A in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] It is a result diagram of the loop currents of three shunts of phase A in an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0022] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail in this specification. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0023] As described in the background technology, the stator assembly is a critical component of the electric motor, and in electric vehicles, the electric motor needs to meet the requirements of lightweight design, high power density, and high efficiency. Currently, flat wire motors are widely applied as the mainstream electric motor winding type, and flat wire electric motor Compared to round wire motors, this type of motor has a higher motor space factor, meaning that, given a constant size and number of stator slots, more copper wire can be packed into the stator slots, allowing for the passage of larger currents, generating a stronger magnetic field, and consequently improving power density.

[0024] In related technologies, the windings of flat wire motors are mainly hairpin-type windings, and the lead ends that protrude from the ends of the stator core after being connected to the stator core need to be soldered, resulting in the problem of long lead end sizes and large material loss at the ends. Through research, the inventors have found that the main cause of this problem is as follows: In related technologies, hairpin-shaped windings must be formed first and then inserted into the stator slots of the stator core, and each lead end of the winding must be connected to each other by soldering. However, in this method, the protrusion size of the lead ends that protrude from the ends of the stator core is long, specifically, each lead end is located at circumferential spacing on the stator core and / or located in different slot layers of the stator slots of the stator core, resulting in an unreasonable distribution layout of the leads at the lead end, which is disadvantageous to the subsequent soldering process.

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention provide a stator assembly in which, by continuous windings wound around the stator slots of the stator core, specifically, by utilizing a specific winding direction and number of turns along the outer circumference of the stator core for each of the interconnected first and second coil segments, different types of variable winding pitches within the slot layers of the wire windings and connecting segments included in the first and second coil segments, thereby forming a stator assembly including a specific winding configuration. This significantly reduces the length size of the lead ends protruding from the ends of the stator core compared to the mainstream related technology of hairpin-shaped windings, improving the convenience of wire connection.

[0026] Furthermore, the above-described winding method makes it possible for all windings within the same stator slot to belong to the same phase, thereby eliminating the need for insulating paper separating windings of different phases within the same stator slot. This improves the motor's space factor, which in turn improves its power density and reduces its insulation costs. Moreover, the above-described winding method makes it possible to create perfectly symmetrical magnetic circuits for each shunt within each phase winding, eliminating the loop current problem caused by asymmetrical structures, improving motor efficiency, and reducing motor temperature rise. Finally, by eliminating insulating paper within the same stator slot, the multi-phase winding insertion process is simplified, improving motor manufacturing efficiency and reducing its insulation costs.

[0027] Here, exemplary embodiments are described in detail, and examples of such embodiments are shown in the drawings. Where there are references to the drawings in the following description, unless otherwise specified, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application, which are detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. It is clear that the described embodiments represent only a portion of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments that a person skilled in the art could obtain without creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] First, we will interpret and explain the technical terms related to the electric motor according to the embodiment of this application.

[0030] Number of poles of an electric motor: This refers to the number of magnetic poles of an electric motor. Magnetic poles are divided into north poles and south poles, and generally, one north pole and one south pole are called one magnetic pole pair. In other words, the number of pole pairs (P) of an electric motor is 1.

[0031] Number of slots per phase per pole: The number of slots occupied by the winding of each phase at each magnetic pole is called the number of slots per phase per pole.

[0032] Number of phases in an electric motor: In the context of electric motor phases, the term "phase" generally refers to the number of phase wires (i.e., fire wires) used. For example, a three-phase motor uses three phase wires. Typically, the number of phases in an electric motor is defined by the number of lead wires on the stator side (excluding the neutral wire).

[0033] Motor phase band: Refers to the number of slots on the stator core that each winding of each phase occupies consecutively per pole.

[0034] Space factor: This refers to the ratio of the conductor cross-sectional area within the stator core slots to the effective area of ​​the slots.

[0035] Electric motor pole pitch: This refers to the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles along the surface of the stator core.

[0036] Span: Also known as pitch, in motor windings, it refers to the distance over which two effective sides of the same conductor straddle the surface of the armature, and is usually expressed in terms of the number of slots.

[0037] A full-winding winding refers to one where the pitch is equal to the magnetic pole pitch, a short-winding winding refers to one where the pitch is smaller than the magnetic pole pitch, and a long-winding winding refers to one where the pitch is larger than the magnetic pole pitch.

[0038] In the first embodiment, with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a stator assembly applicable to an electric motor, the stator assembly comprising a stator core 100 and a multiphase winding 200 wound around the stator core 100, the stator core 100 having a plurality of stator slots 110 along its circumferential direction, each stator slot 110 having M layers of slots arranged along the radial direction of the stator core 100, where M is 4 or more and is an even number. Each phase winding includes N parallel-connected shunts, and each shunt includes a first coil segment and a second coil segment connected to each other, the wire of the first coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core 100 along the first direction, and the wire of the second coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core 100 along the second direction, where the first and second directions are different, and where N is less than or equal to M. The first coil segment and the second coil segment each include Q winding sections 231 and Q connecting segments 232, the Q winding sections 231 arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 100, and two adjacent winding sections 231 are connected by each connecting segment 232 such that the winding section 231 and the connecting segment 232 form a plurality of variable pitch units within the corresponding slot layer, where Q = M / 2 * 2P = M * P, and P is the number of pole pairs of the motor. The slot layer corresponding to two adjacent winding sections 231 is one of the same layer, adjacent layer, or separated layer. For example, referring to Figures 10 to 12, the adjacent slot layer 111 may be layers a and b, and the separated slot layer 112 may be layers b and d, layers d and f, or any other two slot layers separated by one or more layers. The multiple variable pitch units include one or more of the short-pitch winding units 234, full-pitch winding units 233, and long-pitch winding units 235, wherein the span of the short-pitch winding unit 234 is smaller than the pole pitch of the motor, the span of the full-pitch winding unit 233 is equal to the pole pitch of the motor, and the span of the long-pitch winding unit 235 is larger than the pole pitch of the motor.

[0039] In this way, the continuous windings wound around the stator slots of the stator core, specifically, by utilizing the specific winding direction and number of turns along the outer circumference of the stator core for each of the interconnected first and second coil segments, the different types of variable winding pitches within the slot layers of the wire winding sections 231 and connecting segments 232 included in the first and second coil segments, are controlled and modified. This ultimately forms a stator assembly including a specific winding type, which, compared to the mainstream related technology of hairpin-shaped windings, reduces the size of the winding ends and eliminates the need to solder the non-lead ends 220, improving the convenience of subsequent lead wire connection.

[0040] Continuing to refer to Figure 4, the stator slot 110 may have six slot layers, and these six slot layers may be in the order of a, b, c, d, e, and f, along the direction from the bottom of the slot toward the slot opening. For example, the a-layer slot, i.e., the first slot layer, is located on the innermost side of the stator slot 110, and the f-layer slot, i.e., the sixth slot layer, is located on the outermost side of the stator slot 110. It can be understood that the a-layer slot may be on the outermost side of the stator slot 110, and the f-layer slot may be on the innermost side of the stator slot 110. The slot layers can be understood as spaces for wiring windings, provided sequentially in the slot depth direction of the same stator slot 110, and these spaces may be virtual spaces within the stator slot 110 to facilitate the description of the position of the windings in the slot depth direction of the stator slot 110 when wiring windings within the stator slot 110.

[0041] Note that the multiphase winding 200 is a winding with multiple phases, and the electrical phases of the multiple phase windings are different from each other. For example, the multiphase winding 200 may be a three-phase winding 240, and the three-phase winding 240 may have the same winding rule on the stator core 100 and a spatial phase difference of 120°, that is, the multiphase winding 200 may include three phase windings such as the A-phase winding 230, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding. The three-phase winding 240 may be star-connected or square-connected.

[0042] For example, the first direction may be clockwise when viewed from the lead end 210, and the second direction may be counterclockwise when viewed from the lead end 210. Please understand that the first and second directions may be interchanged.

[0043] In a possible embodiment, the first coil segment and the second coil segment are connected via a connecting segment, and the winding direction of the connecting segment is the same as the first direction. For example, referring to Figures 5, 6, and 10, the first direction is a counterclockwise direction along the circumferential direction of the stator core. 、A Phase 1 branch winding In A1X1, the first coil segment is wound with a slot layer wound three turns counterclockwise from the first stator slot of layer a, and then wound to 47f, i.e., the slot layer wound to the 47th stator slot of layer f. The connecting segment is the coil segment between 47f and 3f, and its winding direction is the same as the first direction, counterclockwise. This design makes it easier to shorten the length of the lead end 210 protruding along the stator slot of the second coil segment, and is advantageous for the same layer arrangement as the lead end 210 extending along the stator slot of the first coil segment, with one end on the stator core 100 facing the lead end 210 being the non-lead end 220.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, and referring to Figures 10, 11, and 12, the three-shunt wire winding layout connects a first coil segment wound three turns on the stator core along the first direction to a second coil segment wound three turns on the stator core in the opposite direction to the first direction. This provides a specific optimization effect on the conductor winding layout by winding the first and second coil segments of a single shunt on the stator core in opposite directions, thereby further helping to reduce the size of the lead end 210.

[0045] In more possible embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the lead ends 210 of the first coil segment and the lead ends 210 of the second coil segment are located in the same slot layer. Designing in this way significantly improves the convenience of subsequent connection processes, as multiple leads of the lead ends 210 arranged in the same layer are arranged in different layers. Furthermore, the lead ends 210 of multiple first coil segments and multiple second coil segments of the multiphase multicircuit are all located in the same slot layer and are arranged adjacently along the circumferential direction of the stator core, further improving the convenience of winding connections and reducing the size of the lead ends 210 of the multiphase winding 200.

[0046] Based on the above embodiment, if the lead ends 210 of the first coil segment and the lead ends 210 of the second coil segment are located in the innermost or outermost layer of the slot layer, as shown in Figures 4, 9 to 12, the lead ends 210 of the first coil segment and the lead ends 210 of the second coil segment are located in layer a or layer f, and both lead ends 210 are located in the innermost or outermost layer of the slot layer, it is possible to improve the connection operation between each lead compared to other layers, and also to have an advantage in terms of the stability of current transmission after the circuit is made conductive.

[0047] In some embodiments, the span of the short-pitch winding unit 234 is y1 = τ-1 or τ-2, and the span of the long-pitch winding unit 235 is y1 = τ+1 or τ+2, where τ is the pole pitch of the motor, for example, if the pole pitch τ is 9, referring to Figure 10, 12e→1e spans one long-pitch winding unit 235, which has τ+2=11, and referring to Figure 11, 10e→2e spans one short-pitch winding unit 234, which has τ-1=8. Thus, the variety of scales of the variable-pitch units further ensures minimization of the size of the lead ends 210 after the windings are wound on the stator core and simplification of the winding arrangement.

[0048] Furthermore, the first coil segment and the second coil segment are wound multiple times around the stator core 100, and the total number of turns of the first coil segment and the second coil segment must be adjusted according to the number of stator slots 110 and the magnetic pole pitch of the motor.

[0049] As one possible embodiment, referring to Figures 13 and 14, the multiphase winding 200 includes a three-phase winding 240, with a spatial phase difference of 120° between every two phases of the winding, and the conductor connection method of the three-phase winding 240 is either a star connection or a square connection to satisfy the different electrical characteristics, torque output, and efficiency requirements of the motor.

[0050] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below using as an example a multiphase winding 200 in which the number of phases m is 3, the number of poles 2P is 6, the number of slots Q in the stator slot 110 is 54, the number of slot layers M in each stator slot 110 is 6, the number of slots q per pole per phase is 3, the magnetic pole pitch τ is 9, and each phase winding includes 3 shunts.

[0051] First, the phase bands of the multiphase winding 200 are divided. A schematic diagram of the phase band division is shown in Figure 9.

[0052] Referring to Figures 12 to 16, the first wire winding section 231 of the first shunt A1X1 of phase A enters from slot layer a (i.e., 1a) of the first stator slot 110 corresponding to the first magnetic pole, and is gradually wound along the first direction on the circumference of the stator core 100 with a different span (the number of slots between two adjacent wire winding sections 231; for example, in the case of 28b → 37a, the span is 9, and it is a full wind τ), up to slot layer b of the 46th stator slot 110, then continues to be wound along the first direction for 2 turns to reach slot layer f of the corresponding 47th stator slot 110, then is wound up to 3f via a connecting segment in the same direction as the first coil segment, and then, according to the rule, is wound 3 turns in the reverse direction to reach 12a, and is drawn out from the corresponding stator slot 110. The specific wire winding method of the first shunt A1X1 is: Referring to Figure 10, 1a→10b→19a→28b→37a→46b→2b→11d→20c→29d→38c→47d→2d→11f→20e→29f→38e→47f→3f→48e→39f→30e→21f→12e→1e→46c→37d→28c→19d→10c→3c→48a→39b→30a→21b→12a→.

[0053] Furthermore, the first coil segment is The wires are in the following order: 1a→10b→19a→28b→37a→46b→2b→11d→20c→29d→38c→47d→2d→11f→20e→29f→38e→47f.

[0054] The second coil segment is, The wire material is 3f→48e→39f→30e→21f→12e→1e→46c→37d→28c→19d→10c→3c→48a→39b→30a→21b→12a.

[0055] The connecting segment is the wire between 47f and 3f, and the total number of turns for the first coil segment and the second coil segment is 3 each.

[0056] Referring to Figure 11, the wire winding method for the second shunt A2X2 is as follows: 2a→11b→20a→29b→38a→47b→3b→12d→21c→30d→39c→48d→3d→12f→21e→30f→39e→48f→1f→46e→37f→28e→19f→10e→2e→47c→38d→29c→20d→11c→1c→46a→37b→28a→19b→10a→, where the first coil segment is 2a→11b→20a→29b→38a→47b→3b→12d→21c→ The wire is 30d→39c→48d→3d→12f→21e→30f→39e→48f, the connecting segment is the wire between 48f→1f, the second coil segment is 1f→46e→37f→28e→19f→10e→2e→47c→38d→29c→20d→11c→1c→46a→37b→28a→19b→10a→, and the total number of turns for the first and second coil segments is 3 each.

[0057] Referring to Figure 12, the wire winding method for the third shunt A3X3 is as follows: 3a→12b→21a→30b→39a→48b→1b→10d→19c→28d→37c→46d→1d→10f→19e→28f→37e→46f→2f→47e→38f→29e→20f→11e→3e→48c→39d→30c→21d→12c→2c→47a→38b→29a→20b→11a→, and here the first coil segment is 3a→12b→21a→ The sequence is 30b→39a→48b→1b→10d→19c→28d→37c→46d→1d→10f→19e→28f→37e→46f, the connecting segment is the wire between 46f→2f, and the second coil segment is 2f→47e→38f→29e→20f→11e→3e→48c→39d→30c→21d→12c→2c→47a→38b→29a→20b→11a→.

[0058] Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the winding diagrams show the unfolded diagram of the A-phase winding 230 and the three-phase winding, respectively. The B-phase and C-phase windings have the same winding method as the A-phase winding 230, and have a spatial phase difference of 120°. Specifically, the B-phase is shifted parallel to the A-phase by q (i.e., 3) stator slots (110 units), and the C-phase is shifted parallel to the B-phase by q stator slots (110 units).

[0059] Referring to Figures 13 and 14, the A-phase winding 230, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding may be connected in a star configuration. The A-phase winding 230, the B-phase winding, and the C-phase winding may also be connected in a square configuration.

[0060] The wire winding method in the embodiment of the present invention not only significantly reduces the size of the lead end 210, but also allows each shunt to move between the phase bands and slot layer positions in which it is located. As a result, the potential balance of each shunt is maintained, there is no loop current between shunts, the efficiency of the motor is improved, and the temperature rise of the motor is reduced. Furthermore, since the conductors within the same stator slot 110 belong to the same phase, there is no need to provide insulating paper between the conductors, thereby improving the space factor, increasing the power density of the motor, and reducing the insulation cost of the motor.

[0061] Referring to the experiments and results related to the loop current simulation verification in Figures 15, 16, and 17, the experiment was performed using electromagnetic field and circuit coupling simulation with finite element software. Phase A was energized with 570 Arms (effective amperes), and the currents of the three shunts in phase A were as shown in Figure 16. The currents of the three shunts on the surface were basically symmetric, and the effective values ​​of the currents were 192.32 Arms, 192.54 Arms, and 193.12 Arms, respectively. In related technologies, the difference in the effective values ​​of the currents of wound single-phase shunts is large, i.e., the resulting loop current of the shunts While currents Ia12, Ia13, and Ia23 are large, the loop currents of the shunts measured in the embodiment of the present invention are as shown in Figure 17. The effective values ​​of the loop currents of the shunts are 1.00Arms, 1.40Arms, and 1.51Arms, respectively. The loop current is only 0.78% of the shunt current, and according to Ohm's law, the loss is proportional to the square of the current. Therefore, the intensity of the loop current of the shunts is negligible and can be ignored. It has been verified that the stator assembly provided in the embodiment of the present invention avoids the negative effects of loop currents by ensuring that each shunt is symmetrical and has the same potential.

[0062] The stator assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is electrically automatic car( Electric Vehicle (abbreviated as EV), pure electric automatic car( It can be applied to Pure Electric Vehicles (Battery Electric Vehicles, abbreviated as PEV / BEV), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Range Extender Vehicles (REEV), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV), and New Energy Vehicles.

[0063] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric motor including a stator assembly provided by any solution of the first aspect, wherein the protruding ends, i.e., lead ends, of the winding conductors of the stator assembly can be connected to the terminal box or control system of the electric motor for insertion of power and control signals, the connection method being either a plug connection or a screw connection, ensuring a reliable connection and ensuring the normal operation of the electric motor.

[0064] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a vehicle including a stator assembly provided by any solution of the first aspect or an electric motor provided by the second aspect, wherein the stator assembly is mounted within the electric motor, and the electric motor is connected to an internal transmission system of the vehicle to provide a stable driving force to the vehicle.

[0065] Therefore, the second and third embodiments also have the advantages of the stator assembly of any of the solutions in the first embodiment, and a detailed explanation thereof is omitted in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description. They do not necessarily indicate or imply that the shown devices or parts have a specific direction or are configured or operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting this invention.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” are used solely for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or the number of technical features being described. Thus, features limited by “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the descriptions of this application, “plural” means at least two, e.g., two, three, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited.

[0068] In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, terms such as "attachment," "connection," "bonding," and "fixing" should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a single unit; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium; or an internal communication between two parts or an interaction relationship between two parts. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention depending on the specific circumstances.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the statement that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is indirectly in contact with the second feature via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the statement that a first feature is "above," "upward," and "on the top surface" of a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or it may simply mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is greater than that of the second feature. The statement that a first feature is "below," "downward," and "on the bottom surface" of a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or it may simply mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0070] Each example or embodiment described herein is presented in a step-by-step manner, with each example focusing on its differences from other examples, and any identical or similar parts between examples should be cross-referenced.

[0071] The examples referred to herein by phrases such as “one example,” “example,” “exemplary example,” and “some examples” may include certain features, structures, or characteristics, but it should be noted that not all examples necessarily include such specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions do not necessarily refer to the same example. In addition, when describing a particular feature, structure, or characteristic in combination with an example, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to realize that feature, structure, or characteristic in combination with other examples that are explicitly or implicitly described.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating, and not limiting, the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions to some or all of the technical features, and that such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the relevant technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0073] By reading and understanding the drawings and detailed explanations, one can also understand other aspects.

[0074] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China National Patent Office on August 28, 2023, with application number 202311092467.9 and application title "Stator Assembly, Electric Motor and Vehicle," all of which are incorporated herein by reference. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0075] 100- Stator core, 110-stator slot, 111 - The adjacent slot layer, 112 - Slot layer, which is a separate layer 200-Multiphase winding, 210-Lead terminal, 220 - Non-lead terminal, 230-A phase winding, 231-Wire winding section, 232 - Connection segment, 233 - Full-length reel unit, 234-Short section winding unit, 235 - Long section winding unit, 240 - Three-phase winding.

Claims

1. A stator assembly, The device includes a stator core and a multiphase winding wound around the stator core, wherein the stator core has a plurality of stator slots along its circumferential direction, and each of the stator slots has an M-layer slot arrangement along the radial direction of the stator core, where M is 4 or more and an even number. Each phase winding includes N parallel-connected shunts, and each shunt includes a first coil segment and a second coil segment connected to each other, wherein the wire of the first coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core in a first direction, and the wire of the second coil segment is wound M / 2 turns around the stator core in a second direction, where N is less than or equal to M, and the first direction is different from the second direction. The first coil segment and the second coil segment each include Q winding sections and Q connecting segments, the Q winding sections being arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and two adjacent winding sections being connected by each connecting segment such that the winding section and the connecting segment form a plurality of variable pitch units within the corresponding slot layer, where Q = M * P, where P is the number of pole pairs of the motor, and the slot layer corresponding to two adjacent winding sections is one of the same layer, adjacent layer, or alternate layer. The plurality of variable pitch units include one or more of short-pitch units, full-pitch units, and long-pitch units, wherein the span of the short-pitch units is smaller than the pole pitch of the motor, the span of the full-pitch units is equal to the pole pitch of the motor, and the span of the long-pitch units is larger than the pole pitch of the motor. Stator assembly.

2. The first coil segment and the second coil segment are connected via a connecting segment, and the winding direction of the connecting segment is the same as the first direction. The stator assembly according to claim 1.

3. The first direction is opposite to the second direction. The stator assembly according to claim 1.

4. The lead ends of the first coil segment and the lead ends of the second coil segment are located in the same slot layer. The stator assembly according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The lead ends of the first coil segment and the lead ends of the second coil segment are located in the innermost or outermost layer within the slot layer. The stator assembly according to claim 4.

6. The span y1 of the short section winding unit is τ-1 or τ-2, the span y1 of the long section winding unit is τ+1 or τ+2, and the span y1 of the full section winding unit is τ, where τ is the magnetic pole pitch of the electric motor. The stator assembly according to claim 1.

7. The number of stator slots is 54, the number of magnetic poles is 6, and the magnetic pole pitch is 9. The stator assembly according to claim 1.

8. The aforementioned multiphase winding is a three-phase symmetrical winding, with a spatial phase difference of 120° between every two phases of the winding, and the conductor connection method for the three-phase winding is either a star connection or a square connection. The stator assembly according to claim 1.

9. An electric motor comprising a stator assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is mounted internally.

10. A vehicle comprising a stator assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is installed inside the electric motor of the vehicle, or an electric motor according to claim 9, which is connected to the transmission system of the vehicle.

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