Solar cell modules and power generation systems

Abstract

The present invention provides a solar cell module comprising a plurality of cells, an electrode ribbon connecting the plurality of cells, a seal unit enclosing the plurality of cells, a frame disposed on one side of the seal unit, and a back sheet supporting the other side of the seal unit, wherein the electrode ribbon has a first indicator whose color changes in response to a change in the temperature of the plurality of cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a power generation system.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, solar cells, which have attracted attention as alternative energy sources, are a type of optoelectronic device that converts sunlight into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. While electricity is produced by solar cells, they are manufactured in the form of modules in order to maintain their use and long-term durability / reliability.

[0003] Solar cell modules may fail to produce electricity normally due to defects occurring during the manufacturing of cells or modules, or faults or defects occurring in the power conversion system after installation, thus reducing the power generation efficiency. On the other hand, when output imbalance occurs due to local shading of the solar cell module or partial deterioration or disconnection, a hotspot phenomenon may occur where the temperature of the module overheats. The hotspot phenomenon may damage the glass or backsheet of the module and reduce the power generation efficiency.

[0004] Thus, detecting modules that do not operate normally in solar power generation is a very important issue. However, in an MLPE (Module Level Power Electronics) system that controls power conversion on a module-by-module basis, there is a drawback in that it is difficult to detect a solar module that does not operate normally.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a solar cell module and a power generation system that visually displays the temperature of each solar cell module in order to check the amount of power generated or the operating status of the solar cell module in a power generation system equipped with an MLPE device. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a solar cell module comprising a plurality of cells, an electrode ribbon connecting the plurality of cells, a seal unit enclosing the plurality of cells, a frame disposed on one side of the seal unit, and a back sheet supporting the other side of the seal unit, wherein the electrode ribbon has a first indicator whose color changes in response to a change in the temperature of the plurality of cells. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] In the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of power generated or the operating status of the module can be easily visually confirmed using an indicator that changes color in response to changes in the module's temperature.

[0008] The solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention can quickly determine the presence or absence of faults or defects without the need for separate diagnostic or communication devices, thereby improving productivity and efficiency and enabling the continuous operation of the power generation system. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0009] [Figure 1] This is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a solar cell module according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This figure shows a cross-section of the cell and electrode ribbon in Figure 1, cut along the line II-II'. [Figure 3a] This figure shows a cell and electrode ribbon according to one embodiment. [Figure 3b] This figure shows a cell and electrode ribbon according to one embodiment. [Figure 4a] This figure shows a cell and electrode ribbon according to another embodiment. [Figure 4b] This figure shows a cell and electrode ribbon according to another embodiment. [Figure 4c] This figure shows a cell and electrode ribbon according to another embodiment. [Figure 5] This figure shows a solar cell array in which multiple solar cell modules are arranged together. [Figure 6] This figure shows a cross-section of a solar cell module according to another embodiment, cut in the same manner as along the line VI-VI' in Figure 1. [Figure 7] This figure shows a solar cell array in which multiple solar cell modules are arranged. [Figure 8] This figure shows a solar power generation system including the solar cell module shown in Figure 1. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] One aspect of the present invention provides a solar cell module comprising a plurality of cells, an electrode ribbon connecting the plurality of cells, a seal unit enclosing the plurality of cells, a frame disposed on one side of the seal unit, and a back sheet supporting the other side of the seal unit, wherein the electrode ribbon has a first indicator whose color changes in response to a change in the temperature of the plurality of cells.

[0011] Furthermore, the first indicator may display a first color in a first temperature range and a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

[0012] Furthermore, the first indicator may be coated on the surface of the electrode ribbon.

[0013] Furthermore, when the cell operates normally, the first indicator may display a first color; when the cell does not operate, the first indicator may display a second color; and when the cell operates abnormally, the first indicator may display a third color.

[0014] Furthermore, in one area of the electrode ribbon, the first indicator may change from the first color to the second color, and in another area of the electrode ribbon, the first indicator may change from the first color to the third color.

[0015] Furthermore, an MLPE device connected to the cell may be further included.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a solar cell module including a plurality of cells, an electrode ribbon connecting the plurality of cells, a seal unit encapsulating the plurality of cells, a frame disposed on one surface of the seal unit, and a backsheet supporting the other surface of the seal unit, wherein the frame has a second indicator whose color changes according to a change in temperature of the plurality of cells.

[0017] Also, the second indicator may display a first color in a first temperature range and display a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

[0018] Furthermore, the second indicator may be coated on the surface of the frame.

[0019] Furthermore, when the cell operates normally, the second indicator may display a first color; when the cell does not operate, the second indicator may display a second color; and when the cell operates abnormally, the second indicator may display a third color.

[0020] Furthermore, in one area of the frame, the second indicator may change from the first color to the second color, and in another area of the frame, the second indicator may change from the first color to the third color.

[0021] Furthermore, an MLPE device connected to the cell may be further included.

[0022] The present invention can be modified in various ways and has many embodiments; therefore, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. The effects and features of the present invention, as well as methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring in detail to the embodiments described below in conjunction with the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below and can be realized in a variety of forms.

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. In the description with reference to the drawings, the same or corresponding components will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations relating to them will be omitted.

[0024] In the following embodiments, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are not intended to be restrictive, but are used to distinguish one component from another.

[0025] In the following embodiments, a singular expression shall include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0026] In the following embodiments, terms such as "includes" and "has" mean that the features or components described in the specification are present, and do not preclude the possibility of the addition of one or more other features or components.

[0027] In the following embodiments, the statement that a region, component, or other part is above or above another part includes not only cases where it is directly above another part, but also cases where another region, component, or other part is interposed between them.

[0028] In the drawings, the size of components may be exaggerated or reduced for the sake of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrary for the sake of explanation, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those shown.

[0029] In the following embodiments, the term "connected regions, components, etc." includes not only cases where regions and components are directly connected, but also cases where they are indirectly connected through the interposition of other regions and components.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a solar cell module 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1, the solar cell module 10 may include a plurality of cells 100, electrode ribbons 200, sealing units 300, protective members 400, backsheets 500, frames 600, and junction boxes 700.

[0032] The solar cell module 10 may be manufactured by arranging and aligning a plurality of cells 100 in a predetermined pattern. The plurality of cells 100 may be electrically connected by an electrode ribbon 200.

[0033] According to one embodiment, cell 100 may be a silicon-based solar cell. A silicon-based solar cell is the most widely used type of solar cell, and refers to a semiconductor element composed of a pn junction, having a structure in which two types of semiconductors with different electrical properties (P-type and N-type) are stacked inside. The type and structure of cell 100 are not limited, and it can be applied to other embodiments in which the internal structure and materials are modified.

[0034] The electrode ribbon 200 contains a conductive material and can connect multiple cells 100 in series. The electrode ribbon 200 can output the power generated by the cells 100 to the outside. The electrode ribbon 200 may be joined to the cells 100 and electrically connected to each other.

[0035] Generally, when multiple cells 100 are connected in series, a tabbing operation is performed to connect the front bus electrode of one cell 100 to the rear bus electrode of an adjacent cell 100 using an electrode ribbon 200. In this tabbing operation, high heat is applied to the outer sheath of the electrode ribbon 200 to melt it, forming an alloy with the bus electrode and joining them. For example, the electrode ribbon 200 may be made of copper wire coated with solder (SnPb) or lead-free solder (SnAgCu). The bus electrode may be made mainly of a conductive adhesive or a similar conductive material. However, it is not limited to these, and various known structures can be applied to the connection structure between the cell 100 and the electrode ribbon 200.

[0036] The seal unit 300 can enclose multiple cells 100 and electrode ribbons 200. The seal unit 300 may comprise a first seal material 310 and a second seal material 320. The seal unit 300 may be formed by lamination, with the first seal material 310 and the second seal material 320 positioned above and below the cell 100, respectively. The seal unit 300 can seal the cell 100 and electrode ribbons 200, preventing corrosion due to moisture penetration. The seal unit 300 may also be a filler material to protect the cell 100 from external impacts. For example, the seal unit 300 may contain a substance such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

[0037] The protective member 400 is positioned on the upper surface of the seal unit 300 and can protect the front surface of the cell 100. The protective member 400 may be made of a material having sufficient strength to protect the cell 100 from external impacts. The protective member 400 may be made of a material having high light transmittance. For example, the protective member 400 may be made of glass. The glass may be tempered glass with high transmittance and excellent break-resistant properties.

[0038] The backsheet 500 is positioned on the bottom surface of the seal unit 300 and can protect the rear surface of the cell 100. The backsheet 500 can protect the cell 100 from the influence of the external environment. The backsheet 500 can block moisture from penetrating from the rear surface of the cell 100. In the drawings, an embodiment is shown in which the backsheet 500 is formed as a single layer, but it is not limited thereto and may have a multilayer structure as needed.

[0039] In the following, for the sake of explanation, the sealing unit 300 that encloses the multiple cells 100 and electrode ribbons 200, along with the protective members 400 and backsheet 500 positioned on its front and back surfaces respectively, will be collectively referred to as a solar cell panel.

[0040] The frame 600 may be provided so as to surround the outer edge of the solar cell panel. The frame 600 can cap the periphery of the sides of the solar cell panel. The frame 600 may be provided in a shape that covers the edges of the solar cell panel. In this way, the frame 600 can fix the multilayer structure of the solar cell panel and prevent the solar cell panel from twisting or separating in the vertical or horizontal direction.

[0041] The junction box 700 is connected to the cell 100 via wiring and can receive charge from the cell 100. The junction box 700 may be installed after the cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200 have been sealed by the seal unit 300. The junction box 700 may include wiring for outputting the generated power to the outside. For example, one side of the junction box 700 may be connected to the cell 100 and the other side may be connected to an inverter or the like.

[0042] Figure 2 shows a cross-section of cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200 from Figure 1, cut along the line II-II'.

[0043] Referring to Figure 2, an electrode ribbon 200 is placed on the surface of cell 100, and the electrode ribbon 200 may include a first indicator 210 whose color changes in response to temperature changes.

[0044] The first indicator 210 may be placed on the surface of the electrode ribbon 200. For example, the first indicator 210 may be formed by coating the surface of the electrode ribbon 200. As another example, the first indicator 210 may be provided as a thin film and bonded to the surface of the electrode ribbon 200.

[0045] When multiple cells 100 produce electricity, current flows through the solar cell module 10, causing the cells 100 to spontaneously generate heat. When heat is generated in the cells 100, it is conducted to the electrode ribbon 200 in contact with the cells 100. When the temperature of the electrode ribbon 200 rises, the first indicator 210 may be configured to detect the temperature change and change color. In other words, the first indicator 210 can detect the change in temperature of the solar cell module 10 due to the heat generated by the cells 100.

[0046] The first indicator 210 may be made of a material that changes color depending on the temperature. The first indicator 210 may contain a substance that changes color at a temperature higher than a preset reference temperature. Specifically, the first indicator 210 may contain a thermochromic pigment.

[0047] Thermochromic pigments are a general term for pigments whose color changes with temperature. They primarily appear as a specific color below a reference temperature, but become transparent as the temperature rises. Thermochromic pigments are broadly divided into reversible and irreversible types. Reversible thermochromic pigments return to their original color when the temperature drops after the color change, while irreversible thermochromic pigments do not revert to their original color once they have changed. Another type of thermochromic pigment is the reverse-reversible thermochromic dye, which, unlike ordinary thermochromic dyes, is transparent below a reference temperature and reveals a different color as the temperature rises. Furthermore, thermochromic pigments can be used in conjunction with general pigments that form a background color, allowing the background color to be exposed in the temperature range where the thermochromic pigment becomes transparent, thus clearly displaying the thermal color change.

[0048] Therefore, the first indicator 210 may be configured to detect various temperature change intervals by including at least one thermochromic pigment, or by including a thermochromic pigment and a general pigment.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the structure of the first indicator 210 may be provided as a single layer. The first indicator 210 may be manufactured such that a plurality of material substances are mixed and randomly dispersed inside the single layer. Specifically, the first indicator 210 may include a first pigment and a second pigment of different types, and the first pigment and the second pigment may be randomly dispersed inside the first indicator 210. At least one of the first pigment and the second pigment may be a thermochromic pigment, and the other may be a different type of thermochromic pigment or a general pigment.

[0050] In other embodiments, the structure of the first indicator 210 may be comprised of multiple layers. The first indicator 210 may be manufactured such that multiple material substances form each layer. Specifically, the first indicator 210 may comprise a first pigment and a second pigment of different types, comprising a first layer containing the first pigment and a second layer containing the second pigment. At least one of the first pigment and the second pigment may be a thermochromic pigment, and the other may be a different type of thermochromic pigment or a general pigment.

[0051] However, the structure of the first indicator 210 is not limited to these, and any structure that can incorporate multiple pigment components internally and display a different color when one of the thermochromic pigment components changes color is applicable.

[0052] Figures 3a and 3b show the cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200 from Figure 1. Specifically, Figure 3a shows the cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200 at room temperature, and Figure 3b shows the electrode ribbon 200 after it has changed color in response to a change in temperature.

[0053] Referring to Figures 2, 3a, and 3b, the cell 100 changes temperature during normal operation and power generation, which can cause the first indicator 210, located outside the electrode ribbon 200, to change color. The change in color of the first indicator 210 allows the user to visually confirm the change in color of the electrode ribbon 200.

[0054] The first indicator 210 displays a color change in response to temperature changes over multiple temperature intervals, allowing the user to check the operating status of the solar cell module 10 by utilizing the color change of the electrode ribbon 200.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the first indicator 210 may display a first color in a first temperature range and a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

[0056] For example, the first indicator 210 may include a thermochromic pigment. The thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a second color at a temperature higher than a preset reference temperature. The reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature at which the cell 100 operates normally and generates electricity.

[0057] At room temperature, within a first temperature range below the reference temperature, the thermochromic pigment does not change color and therefore displays the first color. That is, the first indicator 210 may display the first color when the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power.

[0058] In a second temperature range exceeding the aforementioned reference temperature, the thermochromic pigment changes to a second color. That is, the first indicator 210 may display in the second color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0059] In another embodiment, the first indicator 210 may display a first color when cell 100 is operating normally, a second color when cell 100 is not operating, and a third color when cell 100 is operating abnormally.

[0060] For example, the first indicator 210 may include a first thermochromic pigment and a second thermochromic pigment. The first thermochromic pigment may change color at a temperature above a first reference temperature. The second thermochromic pigment may change color at a temperature above a second reference temperature. The second reference temperature may be set higher than the first reference temperature. The first reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature when the cell 100 is operating normally and generating power. The second reference temperature may be set to the hot spot generation temperature at which it is determined that the cell 100 is operating abnormally and overheating.

[0061] Since the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment do not change color in a first temperature range below the first reference temperature at room temperature, the first indicator 210 may be displayed in a second color which is a mixture of the inherent colors of the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment. That is, the first indicator 210 may be displayed in the second color when the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power.

[0062] In the second temperature range, which is above the first reference temperature and below the second reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment changes color, while the second thermochromic pigment does not. Therefore, the first indicator 210 can be displayed in a first color different from the second color. That is, the first indicator 210 can be displayed in the first color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0063] In a third temperature range exceeding the second reference temperature, both the first and second thermochromic pigments change color, so the first indicator 210 may be displayed in a third color different from the first and second colors. That is, the first indicator 210 may be displayed in a third color if the cell 100 operates abnormally and a hot spot phenomenon occurs.

[0064] Figures 4a to 4c show cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200-1 according to other embodiments.

[0065] Referring to Figures 4a to 4c, the electrode ribbon 200-1 may be divided into a first region 201 and a second region 202. The first indicator 210-1 may be provided to change to different colors in the first region 201 and the second region 202, respectively.

[0066] The first indicator 210-1 may change from the first color to the second color in one region of the electrode ribbon 200-1, and from the first color to the third color in other regions of the electrode ribbon 200-1.

[0067] For example, the first indicator 210-1 may be divided into a first region 201 and a second region 202. The first region 201 may contain a first thermochromic pigment, and the second region 202 may contain a second thermochromic pigment.

[0068] The first thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a second color at a temperature above a first reference temperature. The second thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a third color at a temperature above a second reference temperature.

[0069] Here, the second reference temperature may be set higher than the first reference temperature. The first reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature when the cell 100 is operating normally and generating power. The second reference temperature may be set to the hot spot generation temperature at which it is determined that the cell 100 is operating abnormally and overheating.

[0070] At room temperature, in a first temperature range below the first reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment do not change color. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4a, the first indicator 210-1 can display both the first region 201 and the second region 202 in the first color. That is, if the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power, the first indicator 210-1 can display the first color across its entire area.

[0071] In the second temperature range from the first reference temperature to below the second reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment changes to the second color, while the second thermochromic pigment does not change color. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4b, the first indicator 210-1 may display the first region 201 in the second color and the second region 202 in the first color. In other words, the first indicator 210-1 may partially change color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0072] In the third temperature range exceeding the second reference temperature, both the first and second thermochromic pigments change color. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4c, the first indicator 210-1 may display the first region 201 in the second color and the second region 202 in the third color. In other words, if cell 100 malfunctions and a hot spot phenomenon occurs, the color of the first indicator 210-1 may change across its entire area.

[0073] Figure 5 shows a solar cell array in which multiple solar cell modules 10, as shown in Figure 1, are arranged in a row.

[0074] Referring to Figures 2 and 5, multiple solar cell modules 10 can be connected and arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions to form a solar cell array, thereby constructing a single solar power generation facility.

[0075] Each solar cell module 10 may be connected to an MLPE (Module Level Power Electronics) device. For example, a solar cell module 10 may be connected to a microinverter, a DC optimizer, or other power conversion device. A one-to-one connection between the solar cell modules 10 and an MLPE device is established, and the power produced by one solar cell module 10 can be individually controlled by the MLPE device connected to that module. Figure 5 shows one embodiment in which a solar cell module 10 is connected to an inverter INV.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the solar cell module 10 may include an electrode ribbon 200 having a first indicator 210 that changes color depending on the temperature.

[0077] In Figure 5, section A shows cell 100A and electrode ribbon 200A of a normally functioning module, and section B shows cell 100B and electrode ribbon 200B of a malfunctioning module.

[0078] When the solar cell module 10 is generating electricity normally, spontaneous heat is generated in the cell 100A due to the production of electricity. As a result, the temperature of the solar cell module 10 may change due to the effects of sunlight and ambient temperature, as well as the heat generated by the cell 100A and other components during power generation.

[0079] In contrast, as shown in section B of Figure 5, if the solar cell module 10 does not generate power properly, no heat is generated in the cell 100B and other components due to power generation. As a result, the temperature of the solar cell module 10 can change solely due to the influence of sunlight and ambient temperature.

[0080] Therefore, if a failure occurs in any of the multiple solar cell modules 10 included in the solar cell array, a temperature difference may occur between the normally functioning modules and the faulty modules. The first indicator 210A (or not shown) of a normally functioning module and the first indicator 210B (or not shown) of a non-functioning module may be displayed in different colors. Users can easily visually identify the faulty module in the solar cell array.

[0081] Figure 6 shows a cross-section of a solar cell module 10-1 according to another embodiment, cut in the same manner as along the line VI-VI' in Figure 1.

[0082] Referring to Figure 6, the solar cell module 10-1 may include multiple cells 100, electrode ribbons 200, sealing units 300, protective members 400, backsheets 500, and a frame 600. The frame 600 may include a second indicator 610 whose color changes in response to temperature changes. Since the other components of the solar cell module 10-1 are the same as those described in Figure 1 above, the following description will focus on the frame 600 and the second indicator 610.

[0083] The frame 600 may be provided to facilitate or protect the installation of the solar cell module 10. Generally, the solar cell module 10 is exposed to outdoor environments where sunlight is directly incident for extended periods, and the frame 600, in particular, is located at the outermost edge of the module structure and may be exposed to high temperatures and humidity due to weather phenomena, as well as other external forces. For this reason, the frame 600 may be formed from a material with excellent durability and is commonly provided from a metallic material. For example, the frame 600 may include an aluminum alloy. If the frame 600 is provided from a metallic material, it has excellent heat resistance, so it will not be thermally damaged even when exposed to high temperatures, and it has excellent thermal conductivity, so heat is easily transferred from other adjacent components.

[0084] As shown in Figure 6, the frame 600 is in contact with the outer edge of the seal unit 300 which encloses the cell 100 and electrode ribbon 200, and may be equipped on one side with a second indicator 610 that changes color in response to temperature changes.

[0085] The second indicator 610 may be positioned on the surface of the frame 600. For example, the second indicator 610 may be formed by coating the surface of the frame 600. As another example, the second indicator 610 may be provided as a thin film and bonded to the surface of the frame 600.

[0086] When multiple cells 100 produce electricity, current flows through the solar cell module 10, causing the cells 100 to spontaneously generate heat. When heat is generated in the cells 100, it is conducted to the seal unit 300 surrounding the cells 100. When the temperature of the seal unit 300 rises, the second indicator 610 may be configured to detect the temperature change and change color. In other words, the second indicator 610 can detect the change in temperature of the solar cell module 10 due to the heat generated by the cells 100.

[0087] The second indicator 610 may be manufactured from a material that changes color in response to temperature. The second indicator 610 may contain a substance that changes color at a temperature higher than a preset reference temperature. Specifically, the second indicator 610 may contain a thermochromic pigment. The second indicator 610 may contain at least one thermochromic pigment, or a thermochromic pigment and a general pigment, to be configured to detect various temperature change intervals.

[0088] According to one embodiment, the structure of the second indicator 610 may be provided as a single layer. The second indicator 610 may be manufactured such that a plurality of material substances are mixed and randomly dispersed inside the single layer. Specifically, the second indicator 610 may include a first pigment and a second pigment of different types, and the first pigment and the second pigment may be randomly dispersed inside the second indicator 610. At least one of the first pigment and the second pigment may be a thermochromic pigment, and the other may be a different type of thermochromic pigment or a general pigment.

[0089] In other embodiments, the structure of the second indicator 610 may be comprised of multiple layers. The second indicator 610 may be manufactured such that multiple material substances form each layer. Specifically, the second indicator 610 may comprise a first pigment and a second pigment of different types, comprising a first layer containing the first pigment and a second layer containing the second pigment. At least one of the first pigment and the second pigment may be a thermochromic pigment, and the other may be a different type of thermochromic pigment or a general pigment.

[0090] However, the second indicator 610 is not limited to these, and any structure that can incorporate multiple pigment components internally and display a different color when a thermochromic pigment among the pigment components changes color is applicable.

[0091] Referring again to Figures 1 and 6, the temperature of cell 100 changes during normal operation and power generation, which can cause the second indicator 610 located on the outside of frame 600 to change color. The change in color of the second indicator 610 allows the user to visually confirm the change in color of frame 600.

[0092] The second indicator 610 displays a color change corresponding to temperature changes in multiple temperature intervals, allowing the user to check the operating status of the solar cell module 10-1 by utilizing the color change of the frame 600.

[0093] According to one embodiment, the second indicator 610 may display a first color in a first temperature range and a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

[0094] For example, the second indicator 610 may include a thermochromic pigment. The thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a second color at a temperature higher than a preset reference temperature. The reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature at which the cell 100 operates normally and generates electricity.

[0095] At room temperature, within a first temperature range below the reference temperature, the thermochromic pigment does not change color and therefore displays the first color. That is, the second indicator 610 may display the first color when the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power.

[0096] In a second temperature range exceeding the aforementioned reference temperature, the thermochromic pigment changes to a second color. That is, the second indicator 610 may display in the second color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0097] In another embodiment, the second indicator 610 may display a first color when cell 100 is operating normally, a second color when cell 100 is not operating, and a third color when cell 100 is operating abnormally.

[0098] For example, the second indicator 610 may include a first thermochromic pigment and a second thermochromic pigment. The first thermochromic pigment may change color at a temperature above a first reference temperature. The second thermochromic pigment may change color at a temperature above a second reference temperature. The second reference temperature may be set higher than the first reference temperature. The first reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature at which the cell 100 operates normally and generates electricity. The second reference temperature may be set to the hot spot generation temperature at which the cell 100 is determined to be operating abnormally and overheating.

[0099] Since the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment do not change color in a first temperature range below the first reference temperature at room temperature, the second indicator 610 may be displayed in a second color which is a mixture of the inherent colors of the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment. That is, the second indicator 610 may be displayed in the second color when the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power.

[0100] In the second temperature range from the first reference temperature to below the second reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment changes color, while the second thermochromic pigment does not. Therefore, the second indicator 610 may be displayed in a first color different from the second color. That is, the second indicator 610 may be displayed in the first color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0101] In a third temperature range exceeding the second reference temperature, both the first and second thermochromic pigments change color, so the second indicator 610 may be displayed in a third color different from the first and second colors. That is, the second indicator 610 may be displayed in a third color if cell 100 operates abnormally and a hot spot phenomenon occurs.

[0102] In another embodiment, the second indicator 610 may change from a first color to a second color in one region of the frame 600, and from a first color to a third color in other regions of the frame 600.

[0103] For example, the second indicator 610 may be divided into a first region and a second region. The first region may contain a first thermochromic pigment, and the second region may contain a second thermochromic pigment.

[0104] The first thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a second color at a temperature above a first reference temperature. The second thermochromic pigment may exhibit a first color at room temperature and change to a third color at a temperature above a second reference temperature.

[0105] Here, the second reference temperature may be set higher than the first reference temperature. The first reference temperature may be set to the heat generation temperature when the cell 100 is operating normally and generating power. The second reference temperature may be set to the hot spot generation temperature at which it is determined that the cell 100 is operating abnormally and overheating.

[0106] At room temperature, in a first temperature range below the first reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment and the second thermochromic pigment do not change color, so the second indicator 610 can display both the first and second regions in the first color. That is, the second indicator 610 can display the first color across its entire area when the cell 100 is not operating and not generating power.

[0107] In the second temperature range from the first reference temperature to below the second reference temperature, the first thermochromic pigment changes to the second color, and the second thermochromic pigment does not change color. Therefore, the second indicator 610 may display the first region in the second color and the second region in the first color. In other words, the second indicator 610 may partially change color when the cell 100 is operating normally.

[0108] In a third temperature range exceeding the second reference temperature, both the first and second thermochromic pigments change color, so the second indicator 610 may display the first region in the second color and the second region in the third color. In other words, if cell 100 malfunctions and a hot spot phenomenon occurs, the color of the second indicator 610 may change across its entire area.

[0109] Figure 7 shows a solar cell array in which multiple solar cell modules 10-1 from Figure 6 are arranged in a row.

[0110] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, multiple solar cell modules 10-1 can be connected and arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions to form a solar cell array, thereby constructing a single solar power generation facility.

[0111] Each solar cell module 10-1 may be connected to an MLPE device. For example, each solar cell module 10-1 may be connected to a microinverter, a DC optimizer, or other power conversion device.

[0112] A solar cell module 10-1 is connected to an MLPE device on a one-to-one basis, and the power produced by one solar cell module 10-1 can be individually controlled by the MLPE device connected to that module. Figure 7 shows one embodiment in which the solar cell module 10-1 is connected to an inverter INV.

[0113] According to one embodiment, the solar cell module 10-1 may include a frame 600 having a second indicator 610 that changes color in response to temperature.

[0114] In Figure 7, section C represents a module that is malfunctioning, while all other sections represent modules that are functioning normally.

[0115] When the solar cell module 10-1 generates electricity normally, the cells 100 produce electricity, which generates spontaneous heat. As a result, the temperature of the solar cell module 10-1 may change due to the effects of sunlight and ambient temperature, as well as the heat generated by the cells 100 and other components during power generation.

[0116] In contrast, as shown in section C of Figure 7, if the solar cell module 10-1 does not generate power properly, no heat is generated, and the temperature of the solar cell module 10-1 can change solely due to the influence of sunlight and ambient temperature.

[0117] Therefore, if a failure occurs in any of the multiple solar cell modules 10-1 included in the solar cell array, a temperature difference may occur between the normally functioning module and the faulty module. The second indicator 610 of a normally functioning module and the second indicator 610C (or not shown) of a non-functioning module may be displayed in different colors. The user can easily visually identify the faulty module in the solar cell array.

[0118] Figure 8 shows a solar power generation system 1 including the solar cell module 10 shown in Figure 1.

[0119] Referring to Figures 1, 5, 7, and 8, the solar cell power generation system 1 may include a plurality of solar cell modules 10, an imaging device 20, a controller 30, and an input display device 40.

[0120] In the solar cell power generation system 1, a plurality of solar cell modules 10 are provided as a solar cell array arranged at predetermined intervals, and solar power generation can be performed in the solar cell array.

[0121] In the aforementioned solar cell array, if a faulty or defective module occurs, the color of the first indicator 210 and the second indicator 610 of the faulty module may be displayed differently from the surrounding normally functioning modules, as shown in the embodiment in Figure 5 or Figure 7.

[0122] The imaging device 20 can image the solar cell array and generate an image. The imaging device 20 can image the entire area or a portion of the solar cell array and generate an image. The image generated by the imaging device 20 can be transmitted to the controller 30.

[0123] The controller 30 analyzes the image received from the imaging device 20, and if the color value of the portion of the image corresponding to the first indicator 210 or the second indicator 610 deviates from the range of pre-entered conformity criteria, it can generate a notification signal to the abnormal module.

[0124] The controller 60 may include a data storage unit 31, an arithmetic unit 32, and a notification signal generation unit 33.

[0125] The data storage unit 31 can store information regarding the color value range of the conformance criteria input from the input display device 40, and the range to be analyzed in the image. The data storage unit 31 can also store images received from the imaging device 20.

[0126] The calculation unit 32 can calculate the color value for each pixel from the image. The calculation unit 32 can separately extract only the color values ​​of the range to be analyzed from the image. The calculation unit 32 can compare the extracted color values ​​with a range of pre-set conformance criteria. As a result, the calculation unit 32 can calculate the position information in the image for pixels that have non-conforming color values.

[0127] The notification signal generation unit 33 can indicate the abnormal area in the image based on the position information calculated by the calculation unit 32, thereby generating a notification signal for the occurrence of an abnormal module. The notification signal generation unit 33 can transmit the generated notification signal to the input display device 40.

[0128] The input display device 40 can display notification signals transmitted from the notification signal generation unit 33 on its screen. The user can use the notification signals to determine the location of a faulty or defective module 10 in the solar cell array and quickly replace or repair it.

[0129] Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, this is merely illustrative, and a person with ordinary skill in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible thereon. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be defined solely by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Multiple cells, An electrode ribbon connecting the aforementioned multiple cells, A sealing unit for enclosing the aforementioned plurality of cells, A frame positioned on one side of the seal unit, The seal unit includes a back sheet that supports the other side of the seal unit, The electrode ribbon is A solar cell module having a first indicator whose color changes in response to temperature changes of the plurality of cells.

2. The first indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 1, which displays a first color in a first temperature range and a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

3. The first indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the electrode ribbon is coated on the surface of the electrode ribbon.

4. The first indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the cell displays a first color when it is operating normally, a second color when it is not operating, and a third color when it is operating abnormally.

5. The first indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein one region of the electrode ribbon changes from a first color to a second color, and another region of the electrode ribbon changes from a first color to a third color.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 1, further comprising an MLPE device connected to the aforementioned cell.

7. Multiple cells, An electrode ribbon connecting the aforementioned multiple cells, A sealing unit for enclosing the aforementioned plurality of cells, A frame positioned on one side of the seal unit, The seal unit includes a back sheet that supports the other side of the seal unit, The aforementioned frame is A solar cell module having a second indicator whose color changes in response to temperature changes of the plurality of cells.

8. The second indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 7, which displays a first color in a first temperature range and a second color different from the first color in a second temperature range different from the first temperature range.

9. The second indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 7, which is coated on the surface of the frame.

10. The second indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the first color is displayed when the cell is operating normally, the second color is displayed when the cell is not operating, and the third color is displayed when the cell is operating abnormally.

11. The second indicator is, The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein one region of the frame changes from a first color to a second color, and another region of the frame changes from a first color to a third color.

12. The solar cell module according to claim 7, further comprising an MLPE device connected to the aforementioned cell.

Images