Delivery particle composition using plant-derived powder

Abstract

A group of core / shell delivery particles, wherein the shell is made of a polymer material which is at least partially a reaction product of an isocyanate monomer, oligomer, or plant-derived powder material that crosslinks a prepolymer. Related methods for the manufacture and use of such compositions are described.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to a group of core / shell delivery particles, the shell being manufactured from a plant-derived powder (flour) material characterized at least in part by the content of specific structural polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The core / shell delivery particle group of this disclosure can be further combined with auxiliary materials to form a slurry of delivery particles. This disclosure also relates to the relevant methods of manufacturing and using such compositions. [Background technology]

[0002] Various processes for encapsulation, specifically microencapsulation to form core / shell delivery particles, and exemplary methods and materials are described by Schwantes (US Patent No. 6,592,990), Nagai et al. (US Patent No. 4,708,924), Baker et al. (US Patent No. 4,166,152), Wojciak (US Patent No. 4,093,556), Matsukawa et al. (US Patent No. 3,965,033), Matsukawa (US Patent No. 3,660,304), Ozono (US Patent No. 4,588,639), Irgarashi et al. (US Patent No. 4,610,927), Brown et al. (US Patent No. 4,552,811), Scher (US Patent No. 4,285,720), Shioi et al. (US Patent No. 4,601,863), Kiritani et al. (US Patent No. 3,886,085), Jahns et al. (US Patent Nos. 5,596,051 and 5,292,835), Matson (US Patent No. 3,516,941), Chao (US Patent No. 6,375,872), Foris et al. (US Patent Nos. 4,001,140; 4,087,376; 4,089,802 and 4,100,103), Greene et al. (US Patent Nos. 2,800,458; 2,800,457 and 2,730,456), Clark This is described in (US Patent No. 6,531,156), Saeki et al. (US Patent Nos. 4,251,386 and 4,356,109), Hoshi et al. (US Patent No. 4,221,710), Hayford (US Patent No. 4,444,699), Hasler et al. (US Patent No. 5,105,823), Stevens (US Patent No. 4,197,346), Riecke (US Patent No. 4,622,267), Greiner et al. (US Patent No. 4,547,429), and Tice et al. (US Patent No. 5,407,609), among others, and is also taught by Herbig in the chapter titled "Microencapsulation" in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, V.16, pages 438-463.

[0003] Delivery particles, particularly core / shell delivery particles, are a convenient method for delivering beneficial agents and are useful for forming aqueous slurries or dry powder groups of delivery particles. They are useful in formulations for processing compositions, consumer products, and industrial products such as laundry, agriculture, cosmetics, and coating products. For environmental reasons, it may be desirable to use delivery particles with walls made from naturally derived, biodegradable materials.

[0004] Delivery particles with shells made at least partially from purified biomaterials are known. However, such particles may not exhibit the desired level of performance. Furthermore, many biomaterials may not be well-suited for encapsulation due to material variability, or may be expensive to obtain in large quantities, or may be difficult to handle due to other properties such as material variability, insufficient performance, or a tendency towards increased viscosity.

[0005] There is a need for improved compositions containing delivery particles made from plant-derived materials, and related methods. There is a need for delivery particles that are sustainable or biodegradable and have improved or equivalent properties compared to synthetically derived delivery particles, such as improved adhesion or reduced leakage. This invention teaches a method for effectively utilizing variable plant-derived materials in a commercially practical manner to obtain delivery particles having one or more of the above-mentioned desirable properties, such as reduced leakage, improved adhesion, or biodegradability.

[0006] For sustainability reasons, plant-derived materials are desirable in some respects. However, there are challenges such as the variability of plant-derived materials. Plant-derived materials are usually avoided due to the complexity resulting from material variability, and refined materials are preferred for simpler material designs. Therefore, it is remarkable that the present invention can achieve functional delivery particles from plant-derived materials in their natural forms, such as powder (flour). Plant-derived materials in their natural forms would be preferred if they could offer properties equivalent to or better than, or different from, those of refined materials. Isolates of plant-derived materials are often difficult to handle and dissolve. The present invention teaches a group of core-shell delivery particles based on plant-derived materials crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, which have reduced leakage, improved adhesion, or are biodegradable. [Overview of the Initiative]

[0007] This disclosure relates to compositions comprising plant-derived core / shell delivery particles, wherein the plant-derived material used to make the shell is characterized by specific protein content, structural polysaccharide content, and glycoprotein content. The present invention describes a group of delivery particles comprising a core and a shell surrounding the core, wherein the core contains a beneficial agent and the shell contains a polyurea derived from the reaction product of an isocyanate and a plant-derived powder.

[0008] For example, this disclosure relates to a group of delivery particles, each comprising a core and a shell surrounding the core, the core comprising a beneficial agent, and the shell comprising a polymer material which is a reaction product of a plant-derived material and a crosslinking agent. This specification is, The delivery particle includes a core and a shell surrounding the core. The core contains beneficial agents, The shell contains a polymer material which is a reaction product of isocyanate, plant-derived powder, and optionally 0-5% by weight of an emulsifier. Plant-derived powders are a) The protein content is at least 15% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 25%, and more preferably more than 40%. b) The structural polysaccharide content is at least 10% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 20%. c) The starch content is less than 50% by weight of the powder, preferably less than 25%, most preferably less than 10%, and d) Disclosed a group of delivery particles characterized by the inclusion of at least one glycoprotein in a portion of the protein.

[0009] The shell comprises an inner surface and an outer surface. The inner surface of the shell contains isocyanate, and the outer surface of the shell contains plant-derived powder. The plant-derived powder has amine moieties and / or hydroxyl moieties, which crosslink with the isocyanate on the inner surface to form the polymer material of the shell.

[0010] The plant-derived powder is characterized by containing at least 47% protein and at least 47% carbohydrates / starch / sugars, and is characterized by containing 5% or less by weight and at least 30% by weight of uronic acid. Furthermore, the plant-derived powder is characterized by being composed of structural carbohydrates including arabinogalactan polysaccharides containing arabinose and galactose units in a weight ratio of 1:0.3 to 1:3, and uronic acid polysaccharides containing less than 50% by weight, preferably less than 30% by weight of the plant-derived powder.

[0011] This disclosure also relates to methods for producing such compositions and to products produced by combining delivery particles with auxiliary materials or carriers.

[0012] By combining delivery particle groups with auxiliary or carrier materials, the present invention can also produce a variety of products. Such products can be selected from the group consisting of soaps, surface cleaners, laundry detergents or fabric softeners and other fabric care compositions, shampoos, fibers, paper towels, adhesives, wipes, diapers, feminine hygiene products, tissues, lotion applicators, pharmaceuticals, napkins, deodorants, heat sinks, foams, pillows, mattresses, bedding, cushions, cosmetics, medical devices, packaging, agricultural products, pest control products, cooling fluids, wall panels, and insulation materials. Other products resulting from combinations of auxiliary materials and microcapsules can also be produced. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0013] This disclosure relates to delivery particles having a shell manufactured at least partially from plant-derived materials. In particular, the delivery particles of this disclosure include a shell comprising a reaction product of an isocyanate and a plant-derived material, in particular plant-derived powder (flour). Importantly, the plant-derived material is characterized by the selection of specific proportions of proteins, structural polysaccharides, starches, and some of the proteins that make up glycoproteins. The aspects of the plant-derived polysaccharide are also characterized by a weight-average molecular weight within a specific range. The core-shell delivery particle group based on plant-derived materials crosslinked with the crosslinking agent according to the present invention has one or more advantages of improved particle size distribution, reduced leakage, improved adhesion, or biodegradability.

[0014] While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is considered advantageous to carefully select the molecular weight of the constituent components and plant-derived powders. For example, selecting plant-derived materials with molecular weights above a certain threshold may surprisingly result in delivery particles that perform better at specific touchpoints compared to delivery particles made from plant-derived materials of different compositions or lower molecular weights. Furthermore, selecting plant-derived materials characterized by relatively high molecular weights may present processing challenges, particularly in aqueous environments, as such plant-derived materials tend to increase viscosity. This relatively high viscosity may affect the good fluidity of such solutions and / or inhibit the formation of proper particle walls.

[0015] The plant-derived, delivery particle compositions and related methods of this disclosure are described in more detail below.

[0016] As used herein, the articles “a” and “an” as used in claims shall mean one or more of the claims or descriptions. As used herein, the terms “including” and “containing” are intended to be non-limiting. The compositions of the Disclosure may include, be essentially, or consist of the components of the Disclosure.

[0017] As used herein, “flour” refers to the milled or ground grain or starchy portion of a plant. Flour can include milled or ground grains, roots, beans, nuts, and seeds of plants. Examples of flour include milled or ground soybeans, wheat, rye, corn, barley, rice, sorghum, peas, lentils, chickpeas, and the like. Often, these plant materials, such as soybeans, are defatted, dehulled, milled, or otherwise ground to form a powdered material. Certain plant-derived flours are compositionally suitable for the formation of the delivery particles of the present invention in terms of protein content, structural polysaccharide content, starch content, and glycoprotein content. Soybean, pea, lentil, and chickpea flours have been found to be suitable plant-derived flours that can meet the criteria for protein content, structural polysaccharide content, starch content, and glycoprotein content. Other plant-derived powders may also be useful if selected in accordance with the present invention to meet the necessary compositional criteria for protein content, structural polysaccharide content, starch content, and glycoprotein content as described herein.

[0018] In this specification, the term “substantially free” may be used. This means that the indicated material is not, at a minimum, intentionally added to the composition and does not form part of it, or, preferably, is not present in an analytically detectable level. This means that the composition includes compositions in which the indicated material is present only as an impurity in one of the other materials that are intentionally included. If the indicated material is present, it is present in an amount of less than 1%, less than 0.1%, less than 0.01%, or 0% of the weight of the composition.

[0019] In this specification, “Consumer Products” means baby care, beauty care, fabric & home care, family care, feminine care, and / or healthcare products or devices intended to be used or consumed in the form in which they are sold, and not intended for subsequent commercial manufacture or modification. Such products include diapers, bibs, and wiping fibers; products and / or methods relating to the treatment of human hair, such as bleaching, coloring, dyeing, conditioning, shampooing, and styling; skincare, including the use of topical products for consumer use, such as body odor preventers and antiperspirants, personal cleansers, creams, and lotions; shaving products; products and / or methods relating to the treatment of fibers, hard surfaces and other surfaces in the area of ​​fabric and home care; air care, car care, dishwashing, and fabric conditioning. Products and / or methods relating to toilet paper, cosmetic paper, paper handkerchiefs, and / or paper towels, including softeners; laundry detergents, laundry and rinsing additives and / or care products; hard surface cleaning and / or treatments; and other cleaning products for consumers or facilities; products and / or methods relating to toilet paper, cosmetic paper, paper handkerchiefs, and / or paper towels; tampons, feminine hygiene products, adult incontinence products; toothpaste, toothpaste gel, rinsing solutions, denture adhesives, teeth whitening products and other oral care products; over-the-counter medications such as cough suppressants and cold medicines; pest control products; and water purifiers. Consumer products are manufactured by combining the delivery particle groups taught herein with one or more auxiliary materials.

[0020] As used herein, the term "fabric care composition" includes compositions and formulations designed to treat fabrics. Such compositions include laundry detergents and soaps, fabric softening compositions, fabric strengthening compositions, fabric freshening compositions, pre-wash rinses, pre-wash treatments, laundry additives, spray products, dry cleaning agents or compositions, post-rinse laundry additives, cleaning additives, post-rinse fabric treatments, ironing aids, unit-dose formulations, delayed delivery formulations, detergents incorporated in porous substrates or non-woven sheets, and other suitable forms that may be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the teachings herein, but are not limited thereto. Such compositions may be used as pre-wash treatments, post-wash treatments, or added during the rinse or wash cycle of a laundry operation. Fabric care compositions are made by combining one or more of the delivery particle populations taught herein with one or more auxiliary materials.

[0021] As used herein, the terms "delivery particle", "particle", "core-shell delivery particle", "encapsulate", "microcapsule", "core-shell microcapsule", and "capsule" are used interchangeably unless otherwise specified. As used herein, these terms generally refer to core / shell delivery particles.

[0022] For ease of reference herein and in the claims, the term "monomer" or "monomers" as used herein with respect to the material forming the wall polymer of a delivery particle is to be understood as monomers, but also includes oligomers and / or prepolymers formed from specific monomers.

[0023] As used herein, the term "water-soluble material" means a material having a solubility of at least 0.5 wt% in water at 60 °C.

[0024] As used herein, the term "oil-soluble" means a material having a solubility of at least 0.1 wt% in the core of interest at 50 °C.

[0025] As used herein, the term "oil-dispersible" means a material that can be dispersed in a target core at 50°C at a rate of at least 0.1% by weight without visible aggregates.

[0026] To clarify, when referring to structural polysaccharides, it should be understood that these refer to the major polysaccharides found in plants that play a structural role. Structural polysaccharides include cellulose, hemicellulose, xylan, mannan, glucomannan, galactan, arabinogalactan, pectin substances, galactan, arabinan, and galacturonan.

[0027] Storage polysaccharides include i) low molecular weight sugars, both monosaccharides and disaccharides, ii) oligosaccharides, and iii) polysaccharides such as starch. Starch is a combination of amylose and amylopectin. Storage polysaccharides are considered unstructured polysaccharides. Polysaccharides can include homopolysaccharides and heteropolysaccharides. Homopolysaccharides consist of a single monosaccharide repeating in the chain, while heteropolysaccharides consist of two or more monosaccharides. Unbranched polysaccharides contain alpha-1,4 links. Branched polysaccharides can branch between sugar residues via alpha-1,4 or alpha-1,6 glycosidic links. Storage polysaccharides include starch, inulin, and pectin.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all amounts of components or compositions refer to the active portion of that component or composition, excluding impurities that may be present in commercially available sources, such as residual solvents or by-products.

[0029] All temperatures in this specification are in degrees Celsius (°C) unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, all measurements in this specification are taken at 20°C and atmospheric pressure.

[0030] In all embodiments of this disclosure, all percentages are by the total weight of the composition unless otherwise specified. All ratios are by weight unless otherwise specified.

[0031] It should be understood that all maximum numerical limits shown throughout this specification include all lower numerical limits, as if such lower numerical limits were explicitly written herein. All minimum numerical limits shown throughout this specification include all higher numerical limits, as if such higher numerical limits were explicitly written herein. All numerical ranges shown throughout this specification include all narrower numerical ranges contained within such wider numerical ranges, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all explicitly written herein.

[0032] Beneficial drug delivery particles This disclosure relates to beneficial agent delivery particles. The beneficial agent delivery particles can be used as is, as a liquid slurry, as dry particles, in combination with an auxiliary agent, as aggregates, as spray-dried particles, or in combination with additional auxiliary materials.

[0033] This specification discloses a novel class of delivery particles. Each delivery particle comprises a core and a shell surrounding the core, the core comprising a beneficial agent, and the shell comprising a polymer material which is a reaction product of a plant-derived material, i.e., a powder, preferably a milled powder, and a crosslinking agent. The plant-derived material is characterized by having a protein content of at least 15% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 25%, more preferably more than 40%, a structural polysaccharide content of at least 10% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 20%, a starch content of less than 50% by weight of the powder, preferably less than 25%, most preferably less than 10%, and a portion of the protein comprising at least one glycoprotein.

[0034] The structural polysaccharides in plant-derived powders are characterized by having a weight-average molecular weight greater than 1,000 kilodaltons (kDa), preferably about 5,000 kDa to about 35,000 kDa.

[0035] The plant-derived powder is characterized by having a nitrogen content of approximately 2.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 10% by weight, or 8.4 to 8.8% by weight, preferably about 8.6% by weight.

[0036] This invention describes a group of delivery particles. The delivery particle includes a core and a shell surrounding the core. The core contains beneficial agents, The shell comprises a polymer material which is a reaction product of isocyanate, plant-derived powder, and optionally 0-5% by weight of an emulsifier, preferably 0% of an emulsifier. Plant-derived powders are a) The protein content is at least 15% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 25%, and more preferably more than 40%. b) The structural polysaccharide content is at least 10% by weight of the powder, preferably at least 20% or more than 20%. c) The starch content is less than 50% by weight of the powder, preferably less than 25%, most preferably less than 10%, and d) The protein is characterized by comprising at least one glycoprotein.

[0037] Glycoproteins are a subclass of proteins having a carbohydrate group attached to a polypeptide chain, and for the purposes of this specification, include glycopeptides. More specifically, glycoproteins are proteins containing glycans attached to amino acid side chains. Glycans are oligosaccharide chains that can be attached to either lipids (glycolipids) or amino acids (which form glycoproteins). Oligosaccharide chains are usually covalently attached to amino acid side chains through glycosylation (N, O, P, C, or S type, depending on the atom to which the sugar is attached). Other processes of attachment include glycation, in which glycolipids are attached to the C-terminus of a polypeptide, or glycation, in which sugars are attached to proteins or lipids in the absence of enzyme-mediated reactions.

[0038] For example, N-glycosylated sugars are bonded to nitrogen, typically in the amide side chain.

[0039] Aqueous extracts of powders typically separate proteins and starches, thereby removing or reducing glycoproteins from powders such as soybeans and wheat. The glycoprotein fraction may also contain pentosan, ferulic acid, and additional substances. While glycoproteins are beneficial components for certain properties of powders, they are usually absent or substantially undetectable in the purified protein and starch fractions (less than 0.0001% by weight of the powder). Core-shell delivery particles based on the use of such plant-derived materials in combination with isocyanates exhibit improved encapsulation efficiency, reduced leakage, improved adhesion, and / or biodegradability.

[0040] In contrast to milled grains, refined proteins and sugars derived from powders often lose their water-soluble glycoprotein content. The absence of glycoproteins in refined sugars and proteins surprisingly results in different encapsulation properties of powder-based encapsulants compared to reconstituted sugar and protein combinations. Natural powders are unique in that they contain glycoproteins and glycoprotein combinations that are not present in reconstituted proteins and refined starch or sugar recombinations.

[0041] The powder of the present invention contains glycoproteins. The glycoprotein fraction constitutes less than 5% by weight, or less than 1% by weight, or less than 0.5% by weight, or less than 0.1% by weight of the powder.

[0042] The diverse functional groups present in proteins include amines, amides, thiols, alcohols, and carboxylic acids, presenting numerous potential reaction sites with isocyanates. Isocyanates can react with water to form amines, with polyols and hydroxyl groups to form urethanes, with amines to form ureas, and with carboxylic acids to form amides. In the encapsulated products of the present invention, the isocyanate-based shell of the core-shell microcapsule is further reacted with a powder that acts as a crosslinking agent. The powder consists of a) protein in an amount of at least 15% by weight, preferably more than 25%, more preferably more than 40% of the powder; b) structural polysaccharides in an amount of at least 10% by weight, preferably more than 20% of the powder; c) starch in an amount of less than 50% by weight, preferably less than 25%, most preferably less than 10% of the powder; and d) at least one glycoprotein contained in part of the protein.

[0043] The carbohydrates in glycoproteins are oligosaccharide chains (glycans) covalently bonded to the peptide side chains of the protein. Due to the -OH group of the sugar, glycoproteins are more hydrophilic than simple proteins. Glycoproteins have a higher affinity for water than ordinary proteins.

[0044] The carbohydrates in glycoproteins typically include one or more monosaccharides such as glucose, galactose, mannose, and xylose, as well as amino sugars (sugars with an amino group, such as N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine) and acidic sugars (sugars with a carboxyl group, such as sialic acid or N-acetylneuraminic acid).

[0045] The purification of powders by common fractionation into proteins and starches results in the removal or reduction of glycoproteins to undetectable levels (less than 0.0001% by weight).

[0046] Water-soluble glycoproteins typically include low molecular weight glycoproteins containing galactose and mannose. High molecular weight glycoprotein fractions may typically include galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, and rhamnose.

[0047] In powders useful for shell formation, glycoproteins are present in an amount of 0.001% by weight or more, or 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.01% to 5% by weight, or more preferably 0.01% to 3% by weight.

[0048] In some embodiments, the plant-derived powder is characterized by at least one, preferably at least three, more preferably all four of the following: a protein content of at least 15% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 25%, more preferably more than 40%; a structural polysaccharide content of at least 10% by weight of the powder, preferably more than 20%; a starch content of less than 50% by weight of the powder, preferably less than 25%, most preferably less than 10%; and a portion of the protein comprises at least one glycoprotein. In some embodiments, the plant-derived material may be selected from milled vegetable powder, unrefined vegetable powder, soybean powder, defatted soybean meal, hulled soybean meal, broad bean powder, chickpea powder, yellow pea powder, and lentil powder.

[0049] In some embodiments, the core-shell encapsulated materials according to the present invention have beneficial agents at a free core level close to 1%, such as in the encapsulation of fragrance cores. Several embodiments have release profiles useful for a variety of applications. For agricultural applications, it is useful to adjust the release profile, ranging from less than 50% release after 15 minutes of extraction in water or a matrix solution or carrier material to 100% release after 180 minutes of extraction in water or a matrix solution or carrier material. For fragrance applications, a release profile showing low free oil is often desired.

[0050] Isocyanates are crosslinking agents that react with plant-derived powders. The plant-derived powder is preferably a natural powder, but in additional embodiments it may be a treated plant-derived powder, anionically modified plant-derived powder, cationically modified plant-derived powder, or a mixture thereof.

[0051] The shell of the core-shell encapsulated material is a reaction product of an isocyanate and a plant-derived powder. The term "isocyanate" should be understood, for the purposes of this specification, to include its monomers, oligomers, and prepolymers. As used herein, the term "isocyanate" is interchangeable with the terms "polyisocyanate" or "poly-isocyanate" and refers to such material having two or more isocyanate groups, i.e., -N=C=O. Monoisocyanates may be used in combination with the isocyanates required herein, but the isocyanates required herein have at least two isocyanate groups. As described herein, the isocyanate components include di- and / or poly-isocyanates. Preferably, isocyanates useful herein are selected from the group consisting of polyisocyanurates of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adducts of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adducts of xylylene diisocyanate, methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, and combinations thereof. This list is illustrative and not intended to limit.

[0052] The crosslinking agent that reacts with isocyanate is a plant-derived material, i.e., a powder, preferably soybean powder.

[0053] In the delivery particle group, the shell is a reaction product, and the weight ratio of plant-derived powder to isocyanate for crosslinking the isocyanate in the reaction (and reaction product) is approximately 1:10 to approximately 1:0.1.

[0054] The beneficial agent is preferably a fragrance material or an agricultural active ingredient.

[0055] The core of the core / shell delivery particle group may further contain a distribution modifier, which is optionally present in the core in an amount of about 5% to about 55%, preferably about 10% to about 50%, more preferably about 25% to about 50%, of the weight of the core. Preferably, the distribution modifier is selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, modified vegetable oils, mono, di, and triesters of C4-C24 fatty acids, isopropyl myristate, dodecanophenone, lauryl laurate, methyl behenate, methyl laurate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, and mixtures thereof, more preferably isopropyl myristate.

[0056] The delivery particles are characterized by having a volume-weighted (or volume-based) median diameter of approximately 1 to approximately 100 microns, approximately 1 to approximately 50 microns, or preferably approximately 1 to approximately 25 microns, or approximately 1 to approximately 10 microns, approximately 15 to approximately 50 microns, approximately 20 to approximately 40 microns, or approximately 2 to approximately 35 microns, or approximately 10 to approximately 30 microns.

[0057] The delivery particles are A step of forming an aqueous phase by dissolving or dispersing plant-derived powder in an aqueous solution, A step of forming an oil phase, which includes dissolving at least one beneficial agent and at least one polyisocyanate together with an additive oil and optionally together with a partitioning agent, A step of mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase in an excess aqueous phase under high shear stirring to form an emulsion, thereby dispersing droplets of beneficial agents and optional additive oils in the aqueous phase, and adjusting the pH of the emulsion to a range of 6 to 12 or pH 7 to pH 10 as desired. The product is obtained from a process comprising curing the emulsion by heating it to at least 40°C for a sufficient time to form a shell at the interface between the droplets and the aqueous phase, where the shell comprises a reaction product of a plant-derived powder and a polyisocyanate, and the shell surrounds a core containing droplets of an oil phase and a beneficial agent. The oil phase comprises a beneficial agent, or a beneficial agent dissolved in oil. It should be understood that in certain applications, the beneficial agent itself may be an oil, such as an oily fragrance, and thus may constitute the oil phase. Optionally, the beneficial agent may be dissolved or dispersed in oil, and the core may contain a beneficial agent dissolved in oil.

[0058] Embodiments of the delivery particle group according to the present invention have a shell that decomposes by at least 30% in 30 days, or at least 30% in 60 days, or at least 60% in 60 days, when tested according to the test method OECD 301B.

[0059] Additional components and / or features of the composition are described in more detail below.

[0060] Delivery particle group The compositions of this disclosure comprise a group of delivery particles. Each delivery particle comprises a core and a shell surrounding the core. The core may comprise beneficial agents and optionally a distribution modifier. The core may be liquid or solid at room temperature, preferably liquid.

[0061] The compositions of this disclosure may contain delivery particles in an amount of about 0.05% to about 20%, or about 0.05% to about 10%, or about 0.1% to about 5%, or about 0.2% to about 2% by weight of the composition. The compositions of this disclosure contain a sufficient amount of delivery particles to provide the composition with encapsulated beneficial agents, preferably fragrance raw materials, in an amount of about 0.05% to about 10%, or about 0.1% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of the composition. The remainder of the composition may be a water carrier, as in the case of an aqueous slurry, or a binder material, as in the case of agglomerated spray-dried products, or one or more auxiliary materials, as more fully described herein. In some embodiments, the group of delivery particles may optionally be dry delivery particles that do not require auxiliary materials. When the amount or weight percentage of delivery particles is considered herein, it means the total of the wall material and the core material.

[0062] The delivery particle groups according to this disclosure may be characterized by a volume-weighted median diameter of about 1 to about 100 microns, preferably about 10 to about 100 microns, preferably about 15 to about 50 microns, more preferably about 20 to about 40 microns, and even more preferably about 25 to about 35 microns. For certain compositions, it may be preferable that the delivery particle groups be characterized by a volume-weighted median diameter of about 1 to about 50 microns, preferably about 5 to about 20 microns, and more preferably about 10 to about 15 microns. Different particle sizes can be obtained by controlling the droplet size during emulsification.

[0063] The delivery particles are characterized by a core-to-shell ratio of up to 99:1 or 99.5:0.5 by weight. The shell may be present in an amount of about 1% to about 25%, preferably about 1% to about 20%, preferably about 1% to about 15%, more preferably about 5% to about 15%, even more preferably about 10% to about 15%, and even more preferably about 10% to about 12% of the weight of the delivery particles. The shell may be present in an amount of at least 1%, preferably at least 3%, and more preferably at least 5% of the weight of the delivery particles. The shell may be present in an amount of up to about 25%, preferably up to about 15%, and more preferably up to about 12% of the weight of the delivery particles.

[0064] The delivery particles may be cationic by nature, preferably cationic at pH 4.5. The delivery particles are characterized by a zeta potential of at least 15 millivolts (mV) at pH 4.5. The delivery particles can be manufactured to have a zeta potential of at least 15 millivolts (mV) at pH 4.5, or at least 40 mV at pH 4.5, or at least 60 mV at pH 4.5. Polyurea capsules prepared from plant-derived materials typically exhibit a positive zeta potential. Such capsules have improved adhesion efficiency to fabrics. At higher pH levels, the particles may be made nonionic or anionic.

[0065] The delivery particles of this disclosure include a shell surrounding a core. (As used herein, unless otherwise specified, “shell” and “wall” are used interchangeably with respect to the delivery particles.) The shell comprises a polymer material, which is a reaction product of a plant-derived powder and a crosslinking agent.

[0066] As described above, plant-derived powders are preferably characterized by a specific weight-average molecular weight. While we do not wish to be bound by theory, it is believed that carefully selecting the molecular weight of the plant-derived powder used to form the shell of the delivery particles will result in better-performing particles and / or easier processing.

[0067] Plant-derived powders can be characterized by a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 100 kDa to approximately 600 kDa. Preferably, plant-derived powders are characterized by a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of approximately 100 kDa to approximately 500 kDa, preferably approximately 100 kDa to approximately 400 kDa, more preferably approximately 100 kDa to approximately 300 kDa, and even more preferably approximately 100 kDa to approximately 200 kDa. The molecular weight of plant-derived powders can be measured using gel permeation chromatography with light scattering detection techniques, as described in S. Podzimek., "The use of GPC coupled with a multiangle laser light scattering photometer for the characterization of polymers. On the determination of molecular weight, size, and branching." J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 1994 54, 91-103.

[0068] The plant-derived powder may include anionically modified plant-derived powder, cationically modified plant-derived powder, or a combination thereof. Anionically and / or cationically modifying the plant-derived powder can alter the shell properties of the delivery particles, for example by changing the surface charge and / or zeta potential, which can affect the particle adhesion efficiency and / or formulation compatibility.

[0069] As described above, the shell is a polymer material which is a reaction product of plant-derived powder and a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking agent preferably contains polyisocyanate. Therefore, the shell of the delivery particles contains a polyurea resin, and the polyurea resin contains a reaction product of polyisocyanate and plant-derived powder.

[0070] The shell of a core-shell encapsulated material is a reaction product of an isocyanate. For the purposes of this specification, isocyanates are understood as di- or poly-isocyanates and are intended to encompass their monomers, oligomers, and prepolymers. The term “isocyanate” is used interchangeably with the terms “polyisocyanate” and / or “poly-isocyanate” and refers to such materials having two or more isocyanate groups, i.e., -N=C=O, and is commonly called a polyisocyanate. An isocyanate having two isocyanate groups is called a di-isocyanate, and an isocyanate having more than two isocyanate groups is called a poly-isocyanate, respectively. The isocyanate components useful in this disclosure are understood to include isocyanate monomers, isocyanate oligomers, isocyanate prepolymers, or dimers or trimers of aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates. Generally, such isocyanates are di and / or poly-isocyanates. While monoisocyanates can be used in combination, isocyanates that are polyisocyanates having two or more isocyanate groups are required. Polyisocyanates useful in this disclosure include isocyanate monomers, oligomers or prepolymers, or dimers or trimers thereof, having at least two isocyanate groups. Preferred crosslinking is achievable with polyisocyanates having at least three functional groups.

[0071] Aromatic polyisocyanates may be preferred, but aliphatic polyisocyanates and blends thereof may also be useful. Aliphatic polyisocyanates are understood as polyisocyanates that do not contain aromatic moieties. The isocyanates used herein may include mixtures of aromatic and aliphatic polyisocyanates.

[0072] The crosslinking agent can be selected from the group consisting of polyisocyanurate of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of xylylene diisocyanate, methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylenediisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, 2,2'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, 2,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylenediisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-diisocyanatobenzene, and combinations thereof.

[0073] The particle shell may also be reinforced with additional cocrosslinking agents such as polyfunctional amines and / or polyamines, such as diethylenetriamine (DETA), polyethyleneimine, polyvinylamine, or mixtures thereof.

[0074] Polymer materials may be formed in a reaction in which the weight ratio of plant-derived powder to isocyanate present during the reaction is approximately 1:10 to approximately 1:0.1. Selecting a desirable ratio of biopolymer to isocyanate is thought to provide desired benefits, such as improved biodegradability. It may be preferable that at least 21% by weight of the shell consists of a portion derived from plant-derived powder. The percentage of plant-derived powder by weight of the shell may be approximately 21% to a maximum of approximately 95% of the shell. The ratio of plant-derived powder in the aqueous phase to isocyanate in the oil phase may be 21:79 to 90:10, or 1:2 to 8:1, or 1:1 to 7:1, on a weight basis. The polymer material may be formed in a reaction in which the weight ratio of plant-derived powder or its derivatives present in the reaction (for example, including acid-treated plant-derived powder) to the crosslinking agent present in the reaction is about 1:10 to about 10:1, preferably about 1:5 to about 5:1, preferably about 1:4 to about 5:1, more preferably about 1:1 to about 5:1, and more preferably about 3:1 to about 5:1. The shell may contain plant-derived powder at a level of 21% by weight or more of the total plant-derived shell, preferably about 21% to about 90% by weight, or 21% to 85% by weight, or 21% to 75% by weight, or 21% to 55% by weight.

[0075] The delivery particle group of this disclosure may be prepared according to a process comprising the following steps: (a) forming an aqueous phase comprising a plant-derived powder as described herein, preferably having a pH of 6.5 or less, more preferably a pH of 3 to 6, and at a temperature of at least 25°C; (b) forming an oil phase comprising at least one beneficial agent, preferably a fragrance material, and at least a crosslinking agent, preferably one polyisocyanate, and optionally a partitioning agent; (c) forming an emulsion, preferably an oil-in-water emulsion, by mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase under high shear stirring and optionally adjusting the pH of the emulsion to a range of pH 2 to pH 6; and (d) curing the emulsion by heating for a time sufficient to form a shell at the interface between the droplet and the aqueous phase, preferably at at least 40°C, where the shell comprises a polymer material which is a reaction product of the plant-derived powder and the crosslinking agent, and the shell surrounds a core containing the beneficial agent.

[0076] In some embodiments, the delivery particle group may be prepared according to a process comprising the following steps: (a) forming an aqueous phase by dissolving or dispersing a plant-derived powder in water at a temperature of at least 25°C; (b) forming an oil phase comprising dissolving at least one beneficial agent and at least one polyisocyanate together with an optional additive oil (e.g., a partitioning modifier) ​​and / or solvent; (c) mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase in an excess aqueous phase under high shear stirring to form an emulsion, thereby dispersing droplets of the beneficial agent and optional additive oil in the aqueous phase; and (d) curing the emulsion by heating to at least 40°C for a time sufficient to form a shell at the interface between the droplets and the aqueous phase, wherein the shell comprises the reaction product of the polyisocyanate and the plant-derived powder, and the shell surrounds a core containing droplets of the beneficial agent and optional additive oil.

[0077] The shell may decompose by at least 50% after 20 days (or less) when tested according to test method OECD 301B. The shell may decompose by at least 60% of its mass after 60 days (or less) when tested according to test method OECD 301B. The shell may preferably decompose by at least 60% of its mass after 60 days (or less) when tested according to test method OECD 301B. The shell may decompose by 30-100%, preferably 40-100%, 50-100%, 60-100%, or 60-95% after 60 days, preferably 50 days, more preferably 40 days, more preferably 28 days, and more preferably 14 days.

[0078] The delivery particles of this disclosure include a core. The core includes a beneficial agent. The core optionally includes a distribution modifier.

[0079] The particle's core is surrounded by a shell. When the shell ruptures, the beneficial agent within the core is released. Additionally or alternatively, the beneficial agent within the core may diffuse out of the particle and / or be squeezed out. Suitable beneficial agents located within the core may include those that provide a beneficial effect to surfaces such as fabrics or hair, or other surfaces or targets.

[0080] The core may contain beneficial agents in amounts of about 5% to about 100% of the core's weight, which preferably include fragrances. The core may also contain beneficial agents in amounts of about 45% to about 95%, preferably about 50% to about 80%, more preferably about 50% to about 70%, of the core's weight, which preferably include fragrances.

[0081] The beneficial agent may be a hydrophobic beneficial agent. Such a beneficial agent is compatible with the oil phase commonly used in preparing the delivery particles of this disclosure.

[0082] Beneficial agents are selected to produce beneficial effects under the preferred use of the composition. Beneficial agents for core-shell microcapsules may be selected from fragrances, chromophores, agricultural active substances, phase change materials, and other active substances described herein. More specifically, for illustrative purposes rather than limitation, beneficial agents in the core include fragrance materials, chromophores and dyes, flavorings, perfumes, sweeteners, oils, fats, pigments, cleaning oils, pharmaceuticals, medicinal oils, essential oils, antifungal agents, antimicrobial agents, adhesives, phase change materials, fragrances, fertilizers, nutrients, and herbicides, silicone oils, waxes, hydrocarbons, higher fatty acids, essential oils, lubricants, lipids, skin coolants, vitamins, sunscreens, antioxidants, glycerin, catalysts, bleaching particles, silicon dioxide particles, odor reducers, odor control materials, chelating agents, antistatic agents, softeners, insect repellents, colorants, fillers, drape and shape control agents, smoothers, wrinkle control agents, sanitizing agents, and disinfectants. The following can be selected from agents, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antifungal agents, antiviral agents, desiccants, antifouling agents, stain-removing agents, fabric refreshers and freshness extenders, chlorine bleach odor control agents, dye fixatives, dye migration inhibitors, color maintainers, fluorescent whitening agents, color repair / restoration agents, fade inhibitors, whiteness enhancers, abrasion resistant agents, abrasion-resistant agents, fabric integrity agents, abrasion inhibitors, anti-pilling agents, defoaming agents, anti-foaming agents, UV protectants, sun-fading inhibitors, anti-allergic agents, enzymes, waterproofing agents, fabric comfort agents, shrinkage resistant agents, stretch resistant agents, stretch restorers, skin care agents, synthetic or natural active substances, antimicrobial active substances, antiperspirant active substances, cationic polymers, dyes, and mixtures thereof.

[0083] The core may be liquid or solid. In the case of a core that is solid at ambient temperature, the wall material may be useful to enclose less than the entire core, for example, for specific applications where the availability of an aggregated core is desired at the time of application. Such uses include fragrance release, cleaning compositions, emollients, cosmetic delivery, agricultural delivery, etc. If the microcapsule core is a phase change material, such encapsulated materials are used in mattresses, pillows, bedding, textiles, sporting goods, medical devices, building products, construction products, HVAC, renewable energy, clothing, athletic surfaces, electronics, automobiles, aviation, footwear, beauty care, laundry, and solar energy.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the beneficial agent within the core comprises a fragrance material (or simply "fragrance"), which may comprise one or more fragrance ingredients. The fragrance is particularly suitable for encapsulation in the delivery particles described herein because the fragrance-containing particles can provide a sense of freshness across multiple touchpoints.

[0085] As used herein, the term “Fragrance Raw Materials” (or “PRM”) refers to compounds having a molecular weight of at least about 100 g / mol and useful, alone or in combination with other fragrance raw materials, for imparting odors, fragrances, essences, or scents. Typical PRMs include, among others, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers, nitriles, and alkenes such as terpenes. Lists of common PRMs can be found in various reference sources, such as “Perfume and Flavor Chemicals”, Vols. I and II; Steffen Arctander Allured Pub. Co. (1994) and “Perfumes: Art, Science and Technology”, Miller, PM and Lamparsky, D., Blackie Academic and Professional (1994).

[0086] PRM may be characterized by its boiling point (BP) measured at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) and its octanol / water partition coefficient (P), which is described as logP, determined according to the following test method. Based on these characteristics, PRM may be classified as a Quadrant I, Quadrant II, Quadrant III, or Quadrant IV fragrance, as described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 6,869,923. Suitable Quadrant I, II, III, and IV fragrance ingredients are disclosed in that patent.

[0087] Fragrance raw materials having a boiling point BP of less than approximately 250°C and a logP of less than approximately 3 are known as quadrant I fragrance raw materials. Quadrant I fragrance raw materials are preferably limited to less than 30% of the fragrance material.

[0088] Fragrances may contain fragrance ingredients with a logP of approximately 2.5 to 4. Naturally, other fragrance ingredients may also be present in the fragrance.

[0089] The core of the delivery particles of this disclosure may contain a distribution modifier, which may facilitate the formation of a more robust shell. The distribution modifier may be mixed with the core's oil material before the incorporation of the wall-forming monomers. The distribution modifier may be present in the core at a level of 0% to 95%, preferably about 5% to about 55%, preferably about 10% to about 50%, more preferably about 20% to about 50%, and even more preferably about 25% to about 50% of the core's weight.

[0090] The distribution regulator may include materials selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, modified vegetable oils, mono, di, and triesters of C4-C24 fatty acids, isopropyl myristate, dodecanophenone, lauryl laurate, methyl behenate, methyl laurate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, and mixtures thereof. The distribution regulator preferably includes or consists of isopropyl myristate. The modified vegetable oil may be esterified and / or brominated. The modified vegetable oil preferably includes castor oil and / or soybean oil. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20110268802, incorporated herein by reference, describes other distribution regulators that may be useful in the delivery particles described herein.

[0091] If the beneficial agent itself is not sufficient to function as an oil phase or solvent, particularly in the process of forming the shell of delivery particles for wall-forming materials, the oil phase may contain a suitable carrier and / or solvent. In this sense, the oil is optional, as the beneficial agent itself may sometimes be an oil. These carriers or solvents are generally oils, preferably having a boiling point above about 80°C and low volatility, and being non-flammable. They preferably contain one or more esters, preferably having a chain length of up to 18 carbon atoms or even up to 42 carbon atoms, and / or triglycerides such as esters of C6-C12 fatty acids and glycerol.

[0092] The aqueous phase may optionally contain an emulsifier. Non-limiting examples of emulsifiers include anionic surfactants (such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, and / or alkylbenzene sulfons), nonionic surfactants (such as alkoxylated alcohols, preferably containing an ethoxy group), polyvinyl alcohol, and / or polyvinylpyrrolidone. Solubilized plant-derived powders may provide beneficial emulsifying effects in this application. When used, the emulsifier is typically present in about 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.2 to about 15% by weight, and more typically 0.5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the aqueous phase.

[0093] The delivery particles may be provided as a slurry, preferably an aqueous slurry. The slurry may contain one or more processing aids, which may include water, flocculation inhibitors such as divalent salts, or particle suspension polymers such as xanthan gum, guar gum, cellulose (preferably microfibrillated cellulose) and / or carboxymethylcellulose. If the delivery particles are characterized by cationic properties (for example, if the shell is at least partially derived from plant-based powder), non-anionic structuring agents, preferably nonionic structuring agents, may be preferred to avoid harmful charge interactions that could lead to undesirable flocculation, for example.

[0094] The slurry may contain one or more carriers selected from the group consisting of, non-limitedly, water, polar solvents such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and glycerin, non-polar solvents such as mineral oil, fragrance raw materials, silicone oil, hydrocarbon paraffin oil, and mixtures thereof. An aqueous slurry may be preferred. The slurry may also contain unencapsulated ("free") fragrance raw materials that are identical and / or in quantity to those encapsulated in the core of the delivery particles.

[0095] The slurry may contain an adhesion aid, which may be a polysaccharide such as a plant-derived cation-modified starch and / or cation-modified guar gum, polysiloxane, polydiallyldimethylammonium halide, a copolymer of polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride and polyvinylpyrrolidone, a composition containing polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, acrylamide, imidazole, imidazolinium halide, polyvinylamine, a copolymer of polyvinylamine and N-vinylformamide, polyvinylformamide, polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyglycerol ether silicone crosslinked polymer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, a copolymer of polyvinylamine and polyvinyl alcohol, an oligomer of an amine, or in one embodiment, diethylenetri The polymers include amines, ethylenediamines, bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazines, N,N-bis-(3-aminopropyl)methylamines, tris(2-aminoethyl)amines and mixtures thereof, polyethyleneimines, derivatized polyethyleneimines, in one embodiment ethoxylated polyethyleneimines, polymer compounds comprising at least two parts selected from parts consisting of carboxylic acid parts, amine parts, hydroxyl parts, and nitrile parts on a polybutadiene skeleton, a polyisoprene skeleton, a polybutadiene / styrene skeleton, a polybutadiene / acrylonitrile skeleton, a carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene / acrylonitrile skeleton, or a combination thereof, polymers selected from the group consisting of preformed coacervates of anionic surfactants combined with cationic polymers, polyamines and mixtures thereof.

[0096] At least one group of delivery particles may be included in the aggregate and subsequently combined with a separate group of delivery particles and at least one auxiliary material. The aggregate may contain materials selected from the group consisting of silica, citric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, and sodium silicate, binders such as modified cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, and zeolite, and mixtures thereof.

[0097] Suitable equipment for use in the processes disclosed herein includes continuous agitated tank reactors, homogenizers, turbine agitators, circulation pumps, paddle mixers, plow shear mixers, ribbon blenders, vertical shaft granulators, and drum mixers, as well as spray dryers and extruders in both batch and, where available, continuous process configurations. Such equipment can be obtained from Lodige GmbH (Paderborn, Germany), Littleford Day, Inc. (Florence, Ky., USA), Forberg AS (Larvik, Norway), Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH (Weimar, Germany), Niro (Soeborg, Denmark), Hosokawa Bepex Corp. (Minneapolis, Minn., USA), and Arde Barinco (New Jersey, USA).

[0098] auxiliary ingredients The compositions of this disclosure may include one or more auxiliary materials in addition to the delivery particles. The auxiliary materials may provide beneficial effects in the intended end use of the composition, or they may act as processing and / or stabilization aids.

[0099] Suitable auxiliary materials include surfactants, conditioning activators, adhesion aids, rheology modifiers or structuring agents, bleaching systems, stabilizers, builders, chelating agents, dye migration inhibitors, dispersants, enzymes and enzyme stabilizers, catalytic metal complexes, polymer dispersants, clay and stain removers / anti-redeposition agents, fluorescent whitening agents, anti-foaming agents, silicones, colorants, aesthetic dyes, additional fragrances and fragrance delivery systems, structural elastochemicals, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, anti-aggregating agents, coatings, formaldehyde scavengers, and / or pigments. Preferably, auxiliary materials include additional fabric conditioning agents, dyes, pH control agents, solvents, rheology modifiers, structuring agents, cationic polymers, surfactants, fragrances, additional fragrance delivery systems, chelating agents, antioxidants, preservatives, or mixtures thereof.

[0100] The exact properties of these additional components and their proportions depend on the physical form of the composition and the nature of the operation in which it is used. However, if one or more auxiliary agents are present, such one or more auxiliary agents may be present as detailed below. A non-limiting list of suitable additional auxiliary agents is then provided.

[0101] A. Surfactants The compositions of this disclosure may include surfactants. Surfactants are useful, for example, to provide a beneficial cleaning effect. The compositions of this disclosure may include a surfactant system comprising one or more surfactants.

[0102] The compositions of this disclosure may contain a surfactant system of about 0.1% to about 70%, or about 2% to about 60%, or about 5% to about 50% by weight of the composition. Liquid compositions may contain a surfactant system of about 5% to about 40% by weight of the composition. Compact formulations, including compact liquids, gels, and / or compositions suitable for unit dosage forms (unit dose forms), may contain a surfactant system of about 25% to about 70%, or about 30% to about 50% by weight of the composition.

[0103] Examples of surfactants include anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, or combinations thereof. Examples of surfactants include nonionic surfactants such as linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl ethoxylated sulfates, alkyl sulfates, and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, or mixtures thereof. Surfactants may be derived at least in part from natural sources such as natural raw material alcohols.

[0104] Suitable anionic surfactants include any conventional anionic surfactant. Conventional anionic surfactants include sulfate detergents, e.g., alkoxylated and / or non-alkoxylated alkyl sulfate materials, and / or sulfonic acid detergents, e.g., alkylbenzene sulfonates. Anionic surfactants may be linear, branched, or a combination thereof. Preferred surfactants include linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkyl ethoxylated sulfates (AES), alkyl sulfates (AS), or mixtures thereof. Other suitable anionic surfactants include branched modified alkylbenzene sulfonates (MLAS), methyl ester sulfonates (MES), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES), and / or alkyl ethoxylated carboxylates (AEC). Anionic surfactants may exist in acid form, salt form, or mixtures thereof. Anionic surfactants may be partially or completely neutralized, for example, by alkali metals (e.g., sodium) or amines (e.g., monoethanolamine). Because cationic ester quat (quaternary ammonium) materials are present, it may be desirable to limit the amount of anionic surfactant to avoid undesirable interactions between the materials. For example, the composition may contain less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, more preferably less than 1%, and even more preferably less than 0.1% of the composition's weight of the anionic surfactant.

[0105] The surfactant system may include nonionic surfactants. Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated fatty alcohols such as ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Other suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated alkylphenols, alkylphenol condensates, medium-chain branched alcohols, medium-chain branched alkyl alkoxylates, alkyl polysaccharides (e.g., alkyl polyglycosides), polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, ether-capped poly(oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The alkoxylate units may be ethylene oxy units, propylene oxy units, or mixtures thereof. The nonionic surfactants may be linear, branched (e.g., medium-chain branched), or combinations thereof. Specific nonionic surfactants include alcohols having an average of about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms and an average of about 3 to about 9 ethoxy groups, such as C12-C14EO7 nonionic surfactants.

[0106] Suitable zwitterionic surfactants include betaines containing alkyldimethyl betaine and cocodimethylamidopropyl betaine, C8-C 18 (For example C 12 ~C 18 ) Amine oxide (for example, C 12-14 Dimethylamine oxide), and / or sulfo and hydroxybetaine, e.g., N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylamino-1-propanesulfonate (where alkyl is C8-C8). 18 or C 10 ~C 14 Examples of conventional zwitterionic surfactants include (which may also be used). Examples of zwitterionic surfactants include amine oxides.

[0107] Depending on the formulation and / or intended end use, the compositions of this disclosure may be substantially free of certain surfactants. For example, liquid fabric strengthening compositions such as fabric softeners may be substantially free of anionic surfactants because such surfactants may interact undesirably with cationic components.

[0108] B. Conditioning Activators The compositions of this disclosure may contain conditioning surfactants. Compositions containing conditioning surfactants may provide beneficial effects such as softness, wrinkle resistance, antistatic properties, conditioning, stretch resistance, coloring, and / or aesthetic appeal.

[0109] The conditioning activator may be present at a level of about 1% to about 99% of the weight of the composition. The compositions of this disclosure may contain a conditioning activator in amounts ranging from about 1%, or about 2%, or about 3%, to about 99%, or about 75%, or about 50%, or about 40%, or about 35%, or about 30%, or about 25%, or about 20%, or about 15%, or about 10% of the weight of the composition. The compositions of this disclosure may contain a conditioning activator in amounts of about 5% to about 30% of the weight of the composition.

[0110] Suitable conditioning activators for the compositions of the present disclosure include quaternary ammonium ester compounds, silicones, non-esterified quaternary ammonium compounds, amines, fatty acid esters, sucrose esters, silicones, dispersible polyolefins, polysaccharides, fatty acids, softening or conditioning oils, polymer latexes, or combinations thereof. Preferably, the compositions of the present disclosure are fabric care compositions comprising one or more auxiliary components of quaternary ammonium ester materials, such materials being particularly useful in fabric strengthening / conditioning / softening compositions.

[0111] The compositions of the present disclosure may contain quaternary ammonium ester compounds, silicones, or combinations thereof, preferably combinations thereof. The total amount of quaternary ammonium ester compounds and silicones may be about 5% to about 70%, or about 6% to about 50%, or about 7% to about 40%, or about 10% to about 30%, or about 15% to about 25% by weight of the composition. The compositions of the present disclosure may contain quaternary ammonium ester compounds and silicones in a weight ratio of about 1:10 to about 10:1%, or about 1:5 to about 5:1%, or about 1:3 to about 3:1%, or about 1:2 to about 2:1%, or about 1:1.5 to about 1.5:1%, or about 1:1.

[0112] The compositions of this disclosure may comprise mixtures of different types of conditioning activators. The compositions of this disclosure may comprise certain conditioning activators but may substantially omit others. For example, the compositions of this disclosure may not comprise quaternary ammonium ester compounds, silicones, or both. The compositions of this disclosure may comprise quaternary ammonium ester compounds but may substantially omit silicones. The compositions of this disclosure may comprise silicones but may substantially omit quaternary ammonium ester compounds.

[0113] C. Adhesion aids The compositions of the present disclosure may include adhesion aids. As described above, due to the synergistic advantages arising from the ester quat material and the delivery particles of the present disclosure, relatively little (or no) adhesion aids may be required to provide equivalent or improved performance, and separately, adhesion aids may be used in the compositions of the present disclosure to further enhance performance.

[0114] Adhesion aids facilitate the adhesion of delivery particles, conditioning activators, fragrances, or combinations thereof, improving the performance advantages of the compositions of the Disclosure and / or enabling more efficient formulation of such beneficial agents. The compositions of the Disclosure may contain an adhesion aid in an amount of 0.0001% to 3%, preferably 0.0005% to 2%, more preferably 0.001% to 1%, or about 0.01% to about 0.5%, or about 0.05% to about 0.3%, of the weight of the composition. The adhesion aid may be a cationic or amphoteric polymer, preferably a cationic polymer.

[0115] Common cationic polymers and their manufacturing methods are known from the literature. Suitable cationic polymers include quaternary ammonium polymers known as "polyquaternium" polymers, as specified by the International Cosmetic Nomenclature, such as polyquaternium-6 (poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)), polyquaternium-7 (a copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride), polyquaternium-10 (quaternary hydroxyethylcellulose), and polyquaternium-22 (a copolymer of acrylic acid and diallyldimethylammonium chloride).

[0116] The adhesion aid may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylformamide, partially hydroxylated polyvinylformamide, polyvinylamine, polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylate, and combinations thereof. The cationic polymer may include cationic acrylate.

[0117] Adhesion aids can be added to the delivery particles (e.g., simultaneously with encapsulated beneficial agents) or directly / independently to the consumer product composition. The weight-average molecular weight of polymers, as determined by size exclusion chromatography against a polyethylene oxide standard using refractive index (RI) detection, may be 500 to 5,000,000, or 1,000 to 2,000,000, or 2,500 to 1,500,000 daltons. The weight-average molecular weight of cationic polymers may be 5,000 to 37,500 daltons.

[0118] D. Rheology modifier / structuring agent The compositions of this disclosure may include rheological modifiers and / or structuring agents. Rheological modifiers may be used to “thicken” or “dilute (decrease)” the liquid composition to a desired viscosity. Structuring agents may be used to promote phase stability and / or to stop (suspend) or prevent aggregation of particles in the liquid composition, such as delivery particles as described herein.

[0119] Suitable rheological modifiers and / or structuring agents include nonpolymeric crystalline hydroxyl-functional structuring agents (including those based on hydrogenated castor oil), polymeric structuring agents, cellulose fibers (e.g., microfibrillated cellulose that may be derived from bacteria, fungi, or plants (including wood),), diamide gelling agents, or combinations thereof.

[0120] Polymer structuring agents may be of natural or synthetic origin. Natural polymer structuring agents may include hydroxyethylcellulose, hydrophobic modified hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polysaccharide derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Polysaccharide derivatives may include pectin, alginates, arabinogalactan (gum arabic), carrageenan, gellan gum, xanthan gum, guar gum, and mixtures thereof. Synthetic polymer structuring agents may include polycarboxylates, polyacrylates, hydrophobic modified ethoxylated urethanes, hydrophobic modified nonionic polyols, and mixtures thereof. Polycarboxylate polymers may include polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, or mixtures thereof. Polyacrylates are composed of unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acids and (meth)acrylic acid C1-C 30 Alkyl ester copolymers may be included. Such copolymers are available from Noveon Inc. under the trade name Carbopol Aqua 30. Crosslinked polymers, such as crosslinked polyacrylates and / or polymers and / or copolymers, further comprising nonionic monomers such as acrylamide or methacrylamide monomers, may also be useful as structuring agents. Another suitable structuring agent is available from BASF under the trade name "Rheovis CDE".

[0121] E. Other auxiliary agents The compositions of the present disclosure may include other auxiliaries suitable for inclusion in a product and / or end use. For example, the compositions of the present disclosure may include neat (pure) fragrances, fragrance delivery technologies (such as propaufumes and / or encapsulated products having a wall material of non-polyisocyanate / plant-derived powders), cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, solvents, antifoaming agents, or combinations thereof.

[0122] Method for manufacturing the composition This disclosure further relates to methods for producing compositions comprising delivery particles, which include forming various compositions such as consumer product compositions, industrial compositions, coating compositions, and agricultural compositions in combination with such delivery particles. These will be described further herein.

[0123] This method may include the step of combining delivery particle groups to form various formulations and other compositions. The delivery particle groups may preferably be provided as aqueous slurries. The formed compositions may be in the form of liquid compositions, powders, or dry coatings.

[0124] The delivery particles may be combined with one or more auxiliary components when the delivery particles are in one or more forms, including slurry form, neat particle form, and / or spray-dried particle form, preferably slurry form. The delivery particles may be combined with such auxiliary components by methods including mixing and / or spraying.

[0125] The compositions of this disclosure can be formulated in any suitable form and prepared in any manner chosen by the formulater. One or more auxiliary components and delivery particles may be combined by batch processes, circulating loop processes, and / or in-line mixing processes. Suitable equipment for use in the processes disclosed herein includes continuous agitated tank reactors, homogenizers, turbine agitators, circulating pumps, paddle mixers, high-shear mixers, static mixers, plow shear mixers, ribbon blenders, vertical shaft granulators, and drum mixers, and in both batch and, where available, continuous process configurations, spray dryers and extruders.

[0126] Test method It is understood that the test methods disclosed in the section on test methods of this application should be used to measure the respective values ​​of the parameters of the subject matter of the invention described herein and claimed.

[0127] Viscosity The viscosity of the liquid final product is measured using an AR 550 rheometer / viscometer manufactured by TA instruments (New Castle, DE, USA) with a parallel steel plate of 40 mm diameter and a gap size of 500 μm. The high shear viscosity at 20 s -1 and the low shear viscosity at 0.05 s -1 are obtained from a logarithmic shear rate sweep from 0.01 s -1 to 25 s -1 at 21 °C for 3 minutes.

[0128] Volume weighted particle size and particle size distribution The volume weighted particle size distribution is measured by single particle optical sensing (SPOS), also known as optical particle counting (OPC), using an AccuSizer 780 AD device and the attached software CW788 version 1.82 (Particle Sizing Systems, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.), or equivalent. The device is configured with the following conditions and selections: flow rate = 1 ml / second, lower size threshold = 0.50 μm, detector model number = LE400 - 05 or equivalent, automatic dilution = on, collection time = 60 seconds, number of channels = 512, container liquid volume = 50 ml, maximum simultaneous measurements = 9200. Run water until the background count value is less than 100, and bring the sensor to a cold (stable) state to start the measurement. Introduce a capsule sample of the suspension, automatically dilute with deionized water as needed for the density of the capsule, and adjust so that there are at least 9,200 capsules per 1 ml. Analyze the suspension for 60 seconds. Plot and record the obtained volume weighted PSD data and determine the desired volume weighted particle size values (e.g., median / 50 percentile, 5 percentile, and / or 90 percentile).

[0129] Measurement procedure for % decomposition rate To measure the percentage of decomposition, the procedure described in the "OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals" 301B CO2Evolution (Modified Sturm Test), adopted on July 17, 1992, is used. For ease of reference, this test method is referred to herein as Test Method OECD 301B.

[0130] Examples The embodiments provided below are intended to be illustrative and not limiting.

[0131] In the following examples, the abbreviations correspond to the materials listed in Table 1. [Table 1]

[0132] Example 1 (Soybean Powder) The aqueous phase is prepared by dispersing 40.80 g of soybean flour in 243.66 g of water in a stainless steel reactor at a temperature of 19°C, while mixing with a four-blade milling blade at a speed of 1100 rpm. This is mixed until the soybean flour is completely dissolved in the water (a mixing time of at least 5 minutes). The pH of the aqueous phase is then adjusted to pH 9 using sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). 3.21 g of Desmodur N 3200 A and 2.36 g of Mondur MR light isocyanates are mixed with the core material in a glass beaker on a stirrer plate for at least 5 minutes. The core material is then added to the aqueous phase in the jacketed reactor by pouring slowly (over a time span of 60-90 seconds). Once the oil phase is added, the speed of the four-blade milling blade is increased to 5000 rpm for milling. Milling is carried out over a period of 45 minutes, with the size measured every 15 minutes using an Accusizer. After 45 minutes of milling, the four-blade milling blades are replaced with 3-inch propeller blades for mixing at a speed of 300 rpm. The final pH of the slurry is measured and adjusted to 8.24 with sodium hydroxide. The slurry is then heated from 19°C to 80°C over 60 minutes, held at 80°C for 480 minutes (8 hours), and then cooled back down to 25°C over 60 minutes.

[0133] Example 2 (chickpea powder, lentil powder, yellow pea powder) Prepare the aqueous phase by dispersing 40.80 g of either chickpea flour, lentil flour, or yellow pea flour in 243.66 g of water in a stainless steel reactor at a temperature of 19°C, while mixing with a four-blade milling blade at a speed of 1100 rpm. This is mixed until the dispersed powder is completely dissolved in the water (a mixing time of at least 5 minutes). Then, adjust the pH of the aqueous phase to pH 9 using sodium hydroxide. Mix 3.21 g of Desmodur N 3200 A and 2.36 g of Mondur MR light isocyanates with the core material in a glass beaker on a stirrer plate for at least 5 minutes. Then, add the core material to the aqueous phase in the jacketed reactor by pouring slowly (over a time span of 60-90 seconds). Once the oil phase has been added, increase the speed of the four-blade milling blade to 5000 rpm for milling. Milling is performed over a period of 45 minutes, with the size measured every 15 minutes using an Accusizer. After 45 minutes of milling, the four-blade milling blades are replaced with 3-inch propeller blades that mix at a speed of 300 rpm. The final pH of the slurry is measured and adjusted to 8.24 with sodium hydroxide. The slurry is then heated from 19°C to 80°C over 60 minutes, held at 80°C for 480 minutes (8 hours), and then cooled back down to 25°C over 60 minutes.

[0134] Example 3 (Sorghum powder, rice powder) Prepare the aqueous phase by dispersing 40.80 g of either sorghum powder or rice powder in 243.66 g of water while mixing with a four-blade milling blade at a speed of 1100 rpm in a stainless steel reactor at a temperature of 19°C. This is mixed until the dispersed powder is completely dissolved in the water (a mixing time of at least 5 minutes). Then, adjust the pH of the aqueous phase to pH 9 using sodium hydroxide. Mix 3.21 g of Desmodur N 3200 A and 2.36 g of Mondur MR light isocyanates with the core material in a glass beaker on a stirrer plate for at least 5 minutes. Then, add the core material to the aqueous phase in the jacketed reactor by pouring slowly (over a time span of 60-90 seconds). Once the oil phase has been added, increase the speed of the four-blade milling blade to 5000 rpm for milling. Milling is carried out over a period of 45 minutes, and the size is measured every 15 minutes using an Accusizer. After 45 minutes of milling, the four-blade milling blades are replaced with 3-inch propeller blades for mixing at a speed of 300 rpm. The final pH of the slurry is measured and adjusted to 8.24 with sodium hydroxide. The slurry is then heated from 19°C to 80°C over 60 minutes, held at 80°C for 480 minutes (8 hours), and then cooled back down to 25°C over 60 minutes.

[0135] To compare the performance of the delivery particles made from the plant-derived powder of the present invention with purified protein materials from different sources or with different molecular weights, comparative samples are prepared using different delivery particles.

[0136] Comparative Example 4 (Soy Protein): Table 2 shows a typical formulation according to the present invention. [Table 2]

[0137] The aqueous phase was prepared by dispersing 28.34 g of soy protein hydrolysate in 293.66 g of water in a stainless steel reactor at a temperature of 20°C, while mixing with a four-blade milling blade at a speed of 1000 rpm. This was mixed until the dispersed protein was completely dissolved in the water (a mixing time of at least 5 minutes). The pH of the aqueous phase was not adjusted. 1.33 g of Desmodur N 3200 A and 0.65 g of Mondur MR light isocyanate were mixed with the core material in a glass beaker on a stirrer plate for at least 5 minutes. The core material was then added to the aqueous phase in the jacketed reactor by pouring slowly (over a time span of 60-90 seconds). Once the oil phase was added, the speed of the four-blade milling blade was increased to 4000 rpm for milling. Milling was carried out over a period of 45 minutes, with the size measured every 15 minutes using an Accusizer. After 45 minutes of milling, the four-blade milling blades are replaced with 3-inch propeller blades that mix at a speed of 300 rpm. The slurry is then heated from 20°C to 65°C over 60 minutes, held at 65°C for 480 minutes (8 hours), and then cooled back down to 25°C over 60 minutes.

[0138] Example 5 [Table 3] Table 3 shows that soybean flour has preferred D50 and D90 values. N content refers to the nitrogen content of plant-derived flours. The Glycoprotein column indicates the presence or absence of glycoproteins. As Table 3 shows, soybeans have low D50 and D90 values. Chickpeas, lentils, and yellow peas also have low D50 values, but their D90 values ​​are elevated, suggesting lower emulsion stability and greater droplet coalescence. Sorghum flour and rice flour have high D50 (at least twice that of soybeans) and elevated D90 values. D50 and D90 are statistical parameters relating to the cumulative particle size distribution. The values ​​shown reflect the size at which 50% or 90% of all particles are found to be below that size.

[0139] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​stated. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the stated value and the functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "approximately 40 mm."

[0140] All documents referenced herein, including any cross-references or related patents or applications, and any patent applications or patents, to which this application claims priority or benefit, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. No reference to any document constitutes prior art to the invention disclosed or claimed herein, or that it teaches, suggests or discloses such invention, either alone or in any combination of other references. Furthermore, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in any document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall prevail.

[0141] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the invention be covered in the appended claims.

Claims

1. It comprises a core and a shell surrounding the core, The aforementioned core contains a beneficial agent, The aforementioned shell comprises a polymer material which is a reaction product of isocyanate, plant-derived powder, and optionally 0 to 5% by weight of an emulsifier. The aforementioned plant-derived powder a) The protein content of the powder is at least 15% by weight. b) The structural polysaccharide content of the powder is at least 10% by weight. c) The starch content of the powder is less than 50% by weight, and d) A group of delivery particles characterized by the fact that a portion of the protein contains at least one glycoprotein.

2. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived powder contains 2.5 to 10% by weight of nitrogen.

3. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the shell comprises an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface of the shell comprises the isocyanate, the outer surface of the shell comprises the plant-derived powder, the plant-derived powder has an amine portion and / or a hydroxyl portion, these of which crosslink with the isocyanate on the inner surface to form the polymer material of the shell.

4. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived powder is characterized by a structural carbohydrate molecular weight of approximately 5,000 kDa to approximately 35,000 kDa.

5. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant-derived powder is composed of a structural carbohydrate comprising an arabinogalactan polysaccharide consisting of arabinose units and galactose units in a weight ratio of 1:0.3 to 1:3, and a uronic acid polysaccharide containing uronic acid in an amount of less than 50% by weight, preferably less than 30% by weight, of the plant-derived powder.

6. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived powder is characterized by containing at least 47% protein and at least 47% carbohydrates / starch / sugars, and the plant-derived powder is characterized by containing 5% by weight or less of uronic acid.

7. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate comprises monomers, oligomers, prepolymers, or polymers selected from the group consisting of polyisocyanurate of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of toluene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of xylylene diisocyanate, methylenediphenyl isocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, and combinations thereof.

8. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the reaction product is formed in a reaction in which the weight ratio of soybean powder present in the reaction to isocyanate present in the reaction is about 1:10 to about 1:0.

1.

9. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the beneficial agent is a fragrance material.

10. The core further comprises a distribution modifier, the distribution modifier optionally present in the core in an amount of about 5% to about 55%, preferably about 10% to about 50%, more preferably about 25% to about 50% of the weight of the core. The distribution regulator is preferably selected from the group consisting of vegetable oil, modified vegetable oil, mono, di, and triesters of C4-C24 fatty acids, isopropyl myristate, dodecanophenone, lauryl laurate, methyl behenate, methyl laurate, methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, and mixtures thereof. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, more preferably isopropyl myristate.

11. The aforementioned delivery particles are approximately 1 to approximately 100 microns in size. Preferably about 1 to about 50 microns, or preferably about 1 to about 25 microns. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, more preferably characterized by a volume-weighted median diameter of about 1 to about 10 microns.

12. The delivery particles are A step of forming an aqueous phase by dissolving or dispersing soybean powder in water, A step of forming an oil phase, which includes optionally dissolving at least one beneficial agent and at least one isocyanate together with an additive oil and a partitioning agent, A step of mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase in an excess of the aqueous phase under high shear stirring to form an emulsion, thereby dispersing droplets of the beneficial agent and optional additive oil in the aqueous phase, and optionally adjusting the pH of the emulsion to be in the range of pH 5 to 12. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, which can be obtained from a process comprising: curing the emulsion by heating it to at least 40°C for a time sufficient to form a shell at the interface between the droplet and the aqueous phase, wherein the shell comprises a reaction product of the plant-derived powder and the isocyanate, and the shell surrounds a core containing droplets of the beneficial agent and an optional oil.

13. The delivery particle group according to claim 1, wherein the shell of the delivery particle decomposes by at least 60% in 28 days when tested according to the OECD 301B test method.

14. The delivery particle group according to claim 12, wherein the delivery particle group is provided as an aqueous slurry.

15. A product incorporating the delivery particle group described in claim 1.

16. The product according to claim 15, wherein the product is selected from the group consisting of soap, surface cleaning agents, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, shampoos, textile products, paper towels, adhesives, wipes, diapers, feminine hygiene products, tissue paper, pharmaceuticals, napkins, deodorants, heat sinks, foams, pillows, mattresses, bedding, cushions, cosmetics, medical devices, packaging, agricultural products, cooling fluids, wall panels, and thermal insulation materials.

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