Movable mechanisms for external visibility elements, especially for vehicles.

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a movable mechanism (1) for an external visibility element, particularly for a vehicle. The present disclosure relates to a movable mechanism (1) comprising a hinge structure (3) having a first member (5) and a second member (6) connected by a hinge with at least one rotational degree of freedom, and a housing shell (4) at least partially surrounding the hinge structure (3), wherein the housing shell (3) is connected to the second member (6) of the hinge structure (3) via a mating coupling component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention particularly relates to a moving mechanism for adjusting the orientation of visual elements such as external rearview mirrors, displays, or cameras of a vehicle.

Background Art

[0002] Moving mechanisms are well-known. They have many applications, including adjusting the orientation of external visual elements such as external rearview mirrors, displays, or cameras of a vehicle. Other applications include, for example, camera mounts or display mounts, and adjustable supports. The moving mechanism may include a hinge structure having a first member and a second member connected by a hinge with at least one degree of rotational freedom, and a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge structure. The first member may typically be embodied as a stationary base portion and connected to the body of the vehicle, for example, a vehicle door bracket. Then, the second member may typically be embodied as a movable output side portion. The housing shell may typically be connected to the second member by screws. The housing shell may carry or include an external visual element, for example, an external side view mirror that forms a part of the outside of the housing shell, and thus is adjustable relative to the base together with the housing. The housing shell may typically function to surround electronic devices used to perform functions of the hinge structure and components of the external visual element, such as electric operation, electrochromic dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signals, blind spot detection, etc. Such enclosure may function to protect the hinge structure and components from external influences, protect road users from direct impact with the hinge structure, improve aerodynamics, and / or provide an aesthetically excellent shape to the external visual element.

[0003] The hinge structure of the mobility mechanism may typically be configured to adjust the orientation of the viewing elements relative to the vehicle with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes, so that the vehicle driver can fine-tune the rearward view. The mobility mechanism may further be configured so that the housing shell adjusts the external viewing unit between a folded or parked position, which extends substantially parallel to the vehicle, and an extended position, which extends substantially outward from the vehicle.

[0004] An example of such a moving mechanism is described in EP3218226, in which the adjustment of the viewing element is driven by two separate electric motors to operate the two rotational degrees of freedom of a hinge structure in superposition: a first rotational degree of freedom for adjustment around the vertical axis and a second rotational degree of freedom for adjustment around the horizontal axis. To allow housings of various shapes and designs of shell shapes to be attached to the moving mechanism, a second member is embodied as a box-shaped bracket, and the housing shell is typically attached to the component using screws.

[0005] The drawbacks of known moving mechanisms are that the connection to the housing shell is relatively complex and occupies a relatively large amount of space, resulting in a relatively large housing shell with a large aerodynamic cross-section, and limiting the design freedom and range of angular adjustment of the housing shell. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] The objective is to provide an adjustment device that improves one or more of the above-mentioned drawbacks. In particular, the present invention aims to simplify the connection of the second element to the housing shell, reduce the space occupied by the connection, enable a reduction in volume and aerodynamic cross-section, and increase the design degree of freedom and / or the range of angle adjustment of the housing shell. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a moving mechanism comprising a hinge structure having a first member and a second member connected by a hinge with at least one rotational degree of freedom, and a housing shell at least partially surrounding the hinge structure, wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge structure via a mating coupling component. By providing the mating coupling component, the use of auxiliary coupling elements such as screws is not required. This not only simplifies the execution of the connection to the housing shell but also reduces the amount of space occupied, thereby allowing the housing shell to be relatively small in volume and aerodynamic cross-section, increasing the degree of design freedom and the range of angle adjustment of the housing shell. The coupling component may be engaged in toolless operation, i.e., engagement of the coupling component may be performed by the movement of the coupling members relative to each other, e.g., manual movement. The mating coupling component may be arranged as a releasable coupling, e.g., a screw coupling. This allows the housing shell to be relatively easily removed from the hinge structure, facilitating repair or replacement. Alternatively, the coupling component may be arranged as a one-way coupling, e.g., a click coupling. In the context of this patent application, the expression that the housing shell may partially enclose during use is understood to mean that the housing shell extends circumferentially around the hinge structure. The housing shell may completely enclose the hinge structure, or it may completely enclose the hinge structure, but may also be left partially open. The housing shell may carry or include an external viewing element, such as an external side-view mirror that forms part of the outside of the housing shell, and is therefore adjustable with the base together with the housing. The housing shell may enclose the hinge structure and components of the external viewing element, such as electronic equipment used to perform functions of the external viewing element, such as motorized operation, electrochromic dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signaling, blind spot detection, etc. The housing shell may include viewing elements, such as mirror glass, displays, and / or cameras.The housing shell can typically function to enclose the components of the hinge structure and external visibility elements, such as electronics used to perform the functions of the external visibility elements, including motorized operation, electrochromic dimming, heating, ultrasonic cleaning, signaling, and blind spot detection.

[0008] Further characteristics A compact structure can be achieved relatively easily when the second member supports the first coupling component of the mating component, and when the housing supports the second coupling component of the mating component. This is especially true when the housing shell is directly connected to the second member.

[0009] When coupling components form insertive couplings, rotary couplings, or insertive-rotary couplings, the compactness and ease of coupling can be enhanced. Coupling components can be engaged by inserting each other, for example, along the main axis of a moving mechanism and / or by rotation around the main axis shaft of a moving mechanism.

[0010] The compactness and ease of connection of the joint can be further enhanced when at least one of the connecting components of the joint is substantially ring-shaped. The ring-shaped connecting component may, for example, surround the central shaft of a moving mechanism. The ring-shaped connecting component and / or its mating connecting component may be provided with deformable centering ribs to facilitate centering during axial insertion and to reduce radial play. The mating connecting component may also be arranged to fit together in a seal manner, for example, to provide a barrier against the ingress of dust or moisture into the area enclosed by the housing shell.

[0011] When moving mechanisms and coupling components form a bayonet connection, particularly stable connections can be easily achieved. Alternatively, coupling components may form, for example, screw-in, push-pull, or snap-on connections.

[0012] When coupling components are spring-loaded in a coupled state, play and slack can be offset. This facilitates the use of coupling components that include plastic material components. The spring load can be applied, for example, by a metal spring.

[0013] Clearly defined and stable adjustments can be obtained when the hinge structure is arranged to provide two superimposed rotational degrees of freedom, each around a single axis of rotation. The hinge structure can then be arranged to pivot (e.g., around an upright axis) and tilt (e.g., across an upright axis). For example, in the case of an adjustment device for an external rearview device for an automobile, where the first element of the door is attached to the door near the A-pillar, such pivoting or movement can be used for angular displacement in the folding operation between a folded or parked position and an unfolded or drive position. Pivoting movement can be used alternatively or additionally for fine-tuning of the field of view around an upright axis. Tilting movement can be used for fine-tuning of the field of view around a transverse axis.

[0014] When the first member includes a central shaft of the moving mechanism, the principal axis of the central shaft may form a hinge axis of a hinge structure. The second member and the housing shell may then be hinged together around the central shaft having a first degree of rotational freedom, particularly an upright axis. The central shaft may include a stationary base flange connected to the body of the vehicle, or it may be connectable to a stationary base, for example, a mounting bracket provided to the body of the vehicle.

[0015] When the first component includes a base portion, it can be relatively easily attached to an object, such as the body of a vehicle.

[0016] When the hinge structure includes at least one actuator to provide at least one operating degree of freedom, the moving mechanism may be used for power adjustment. Such actuators may include electric motors with a reduction gear, for example, low-voltage (e.g., 12, 24, or 48V) DC motors. One such actuator or motor may be provided for each operating degree of freedom.

[0017] When a hinge structure includes an intermediate carrier rotatably disposed around a central shaft of the hinge structure, compact mounting of auxiliary components can be facilitated. Such an intermediate carrier may be fixedly held on the central shaft, for example, preferably via a clutch mechanism, such as an axially movable clutch or friction clutch.

[0018] The intermediate carrier can be a motor carrier supporting the actuator's motor. A compact powered moving mechanism can be obtained if the intermediate carrier is a motor carrier supporting first and second motors, each functioning to operate a rotational degree of freedom. Such a motor carrier may conveniently be rotatable around a central shaft with a first rotational degree of freedom.

[0019] The compactness of the structure can be further enhanced when the second component forms a housing carrier. Such a housing carrier can be interposed between the motor carrier and the base of the moving mechanism.

[0020] When a metal wire structure is provided as a bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier, and / or between the motor carrier and the base of the moving mechanism, a suitable bearing having a constant relative friction during use may be provided, and the housing carrier, motor carrier, and / or base may be provided as, for example, plastic components. The wire structure may be formed by, for example, steel spring wire. The hinge surface between the motor carrier and the housing carrier may be, for example, substantially cylindrical, and the bearing may be provided as, for example, a wire hoop, a wire segment, or a combination of a wire hoop and a wire segment to connect a set of wire hoops. The hinge surface between the base and the housing carrier may be substantially spherical, and the bearing may be provided as a wire ring. The hinge surfaces of the housing carrier and the motor carrier, and / or the motor carrier and the base of the moving mechanism, also advantageously cooperate in a sealing manner to provide a barrier against the ingress of moisture or dust into the area enclosed by the housing shell. The bearing structure may provide good effective sealing between the cooperating surfaces.

[0021] A highly stable structure can be achieved when the motor carrier is placed under a spring load to press the housing carrier onto the base. The spring load can be provided, for example, by a spring around a central shaft that presses the motor carrier onto the housing carrier and the housing carrier onto a support. Such a spring can also be used to load a clutch mechanism, which can be used to uncouple the motor and reduction gear of the motor carrier from a central gear supported on the central shaft to drive pivot movement when an external force is applied.

[0022] When a housing carrier is rotatably connected to a motor carrier, a compact structure with two superimposed rotational degrees of freedom can be obtained with a relatively simple structure. The housing carrier may be rotatable relative to the motor carrier via a tilting axis that provides a second rotational degree of freedom. The tilting axis may extend substantially transversely with respect to the main axis. The tilting axis may be a virtual axis, for example, if the cooperating hinge surface between the motor carrier and the housing carrier is substantially cylindrical. The tilting axis may coincide with a tilting shaft, for example, a tilting shaft that preferably extends transversely with respect to the central shaft. The tilting shaft may conveniently provide a hinge on only one side of the central shaft. A clutch mechanism may be used to uncouple the motor and reduction mechanism of the motor carrier from the drive gear provided on the housing carrier to drive the tilting movement when an external force is applied. In such a case, the housing carrier may be connected to the motor carrier via a clutch, for example, a spring-loaded breakable clutch movable in the direction of the tilting axis, or a friction clutch.

[0023] A compact and stable coupling mechanism can be achieved if the bayonet coupling between the housing carrier and the housing shell comprises a stub portion and a set of bayonet tabs on the housing carrier, and a socket ring for receiving the stub portion, wherein the socket ring has a bayonet catch flange extending radially inward. The bayonet tabs may extend radially outward from the stub portion, for example. The set of bayonet tabs may include, for example, two, three, or four bayonet tabs. In the case of two or four bayonet tabs, the bayonet tabs may face each other radially, for example. Alternatively, the bayonet tabs may be provided on the socket ring, and a catch flange or groove may be provided on the stub portion.

[0024] When the bayonet connection includes a bayonet tab formed from a metal wire, the connection can be implemented very compactly, but may have a spring load to compensate for play and slack. The metal wire can be, for example, a steel spring wire. The bayonet tab can be efficiently integrally formed with at least one metal wire structure provided as a bearing between a housing carrier and a motor carrier.

[0025] According to another aspect, a hinge structure for a movement mechanism as discussed above is provided, comprising a first member and a second member hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, the second member carrying a first coupling part, and the first coupling part in use cooperating with a second coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, the second coupling part being carried on a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge structure in use. Such a hinge structure can be provided by one party, and the housing shell can be provided by another party. One of these parties, or yet another party, can assemble the hinge structure and the housing shell into the movement mechanism, in particular by coupling the housing shell to the hinge structure.

[0026] According to yet another aspect, a method of coupling a housing shell to a hinge structure of a movement mechanism is provided, the hinge structure having a first member and a second member hingedly connected with at least one degree of rotational freedom, the second member carrying a first coupling part of a set of mating coupling parts, the housing shell carrying a second coupling part of the set of mating coupling parts, and the housing shell being connected to the second member of the hinge structure by engaging with the mating coupling part such that the housing shell at least partially surrounds the hinge structure.

[0027] In the first step of engagement, the coupling components can be axially inserted into each other along the main axis from a first axial position where the coupling components are free to a second axial position where the coupling components axially overlap, and movement relative to each other in the radial direction with respect to the main axis can be prevented. In the second step of engagement, the coupling components can be rotated about the main axis at the second axial position from a first angular position where the coupling components are axially movable relative to each other with respect to the main axis to a second angular position where axial movement of the coupling components relative to each other with respect to the main axis is prevented.

[0028] In the third step of engagement, the coupling components can be prevented from rotating about the main axis relative to each other at both the second axial position and the second angular position.

[0029] The coupling components can be inserted into each other axially along the principal axis between a first axial position in which the coupling components are free and a second axial position in which the coupling components overlap axially, thereby preventing radial movement relative to each other with respect to the principal axis. In particular, in the case of bayonet connections, a set of stub portions on a housing carrier and bayonet tabs that are radially opposed and extend radially outward can be inserted axially into a socket ring for receiving the stub portions on the housing shell, so that the bayonet tabs can pass through the circumferential spacing between bayonet catch flanges that extend radially inward of the socket ring. The stub portions can be inserted, for example, until their support ridges abut against the support surfaces of the socket ring. The socket ring or stub portions may have deformable ribs extending radially inward or outward, respectively, which can axially center the stub within the socket ring and engage and hold it without radial play. Subsequently, the coupling components may be in a second axial position in which they are rotatable about the spindle between a first angular position in which the coupling components are movable axially relative to each other with respect to the spindle, and a second angular position in which axial movement of the coupling components relative to the spindle is prevented. In particular, the stub portion having bayonet tabs may be rotated about its spindle by an angle of, for example, 30 to 50 degrees, particularly about 40 degrees. In the second angular position, the bayonet tabs may then be hooked behind the catch flanges, so that the hinge structure and housing shell are fixed axially to each other. In the case of spring wire tabs, the tabs may deform to prevent axial play, and the bayonet connection is spring-loaded.

[0030] A helical spring around the central shaft can press the motor carrier onto the housing carrier, firmly engaging the housing carrier with the support. The coupling can be prevented from rotating relative to each other around the main shaft in both a second axial position and a second angular position. In particular, the stub portion can be rotatably secured to the socket ring using a radial locking pin. A tilting shaft extending transversely to the central shaft of the moving mechanism to which the housing carrier is rotatably connected to the motor carrier may also serve as the radial locking pin. After the coupling has been brought to the second angular position, the tilting shaft can be pressed radially along its axis toward the main shaft of the central shaft, for example, from a first position that frees the coupling and allows it to rotate relative to each other, through aligned holes in the coupling, to a second position that prevents the coupling from rotating relative to each other around the main shaft. To facilitate pressing, the tilting shaft may have a radially enlarged head portion. Therefore, the tilting shaft may be movable from a first position that allows the coupling components to rotate freely relative to each other to a second position that prevents the coupling components from rotating relative to each other. The tilting shaft may be not only pressed but also screwed in, bonded, or click-fitted into its second locking position. Locking the coupling components in a fitted position, in particular locking the bayonet connection in a second axial and second angular position, may serve to prevent theft of the moving mechanism, especially when the housing shell encloses the hinge mechanism. The hinge structure may be inserted into the housing shell, for example, via an aperture opened for the panel of the housing shell, such as a mirror element, and then set in place by fitting the coupling components. After the coupling components are locked in a fitted position, the panel mirror can be snap-fitted into place in the aperture to close the housing shell. Then, special tools may be required, for example, to remove the panel, before it becomes possible to remove it without damaging the moving mechanism.

[0031] Since the position of the tilting shaft is independent of the tilting angle of the housing shell relative to the motor carrier, it can be conveniently used to reliably define the angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base. Therefore, the tilting shaft can be positioned to be used as a stopper for defining the angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base. In particular, it can be used as one of a set of stoppers to define, for example, a park position or a folded position. Then, a portion of the tilting shaft forms a first cooperative stopper of a set of two cooperative stoppers, and a second cooperative stopper is provided, for example, on the base or on the vehicle, particularly on the central shaft and / or base portion. Such a portion may be, for example, a portion of the tilting shaft extending radially inward into an opening of a ring-shaped coupling. Tilting shafts, particularly such sections, can also be conveniently used to help define the electrically driven pivot from the park position to the drive position, based on stored parameter values ​​of time or energy associated with the electrical adjustment, particularly from park to drive, where the angle of the memory-based electrical adjustment is calibrated.

[0032] It will be understood that any combination of the embodiments, features, and options described herein may be used. It will be particularly understood that any embodiment, feature, and option described in consideration of the adjustment device is equally applicable to the external visibility unit, and vice versa. It will also be understood that any embodiment, feature, and option described in consideration of the adjustment device is equally applicable to the vehicle. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail herewith reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] [Figure 1] A bottom perspective view of the moving mechanism is shown. [Figure 2] Figure 1 shows a side perspective view of the hinge structure of the moving mechanism. [Figure 3]Figure 2 shows a side view of the hinge structure. [Figure 4] Figure 2 shows a front view of the hinge structure. [Figure 5] Figure 2 shows a rear view of the hinge structure. [Figure 6] Figure 2 shows a bottom view of the hinge structure. [Figure 7] Figure 2 shows a perspective side view of the hinge structure that is to be installed inside the socket ring. [Figure 8] Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the hinge structure shown in Figure 2, installed inside the socket ring. [Figure 9] Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of the hinge structure shown in Figure 2, installed inside the socket ring. [Figure 10] Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional side view of the hinge structure shown in Figure 2, which is fixed within the socket ring shown in Figure 7 by a tilting shaft of the hinge structure. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0035] Figures 1 to 10 show an example of a movable mechanism 1 for adjusting the orientation of an external rearview mirror of a vehicle. In this example, the movable mechanism 1 comprises a hinge structure 3 that forms a side mirror unit 2 and a housing shell 4 that at least partially surrounds the hinge structure 3. The hinge structure 3 has a first member 5 and a second member 6 that are connected by a hinge with at least one degree of rotational freedom. The first member 5 is embodied as a stationary base portion that is connected to the door bracket of the vehicle. The second member 6 is embodied as a movable output component. In particular, the first member 5 includes a central shaft 7 of the movable mechanism 1, and the principal axis 8 of the central shaft 7 forms the hinge axis of the hinge structure 3 (see, for example, Figures 6, 9, and 10). Thus, the second member 6 and the housing shell 4 are hinged together with respect to the central shaft 7 with a first degree of rotational freedom. The central shaft 7 includes a stationary base flange 9 connected to the mounting plate 9' of the vehicle's door bracket (see, for example, Figures 7 and 8). As will be further discussed below, the second member 6 may comprise, for example, an intermediate carrier 24, which is embodied as several components, such as a motor carrier, a housing carrier, and a cover.

[0036] The housing shell 4 is relatively compact and includes an upper section 10 and a lower section 11. The upper section 10 and the lower section 11 of the housing shell 4 may be snap-fitted or glued together. The housing shell 4 further includes an external side-view mirror element, in particular a mirror glass 12, which forms the outer side of the housing shell 4 and is therefore adjustable with respect to the base 5 together with the housing shell 4. The mirror element may also be another type of reflective element other than glass, for example, a plastic element with a reflective coating. The housing shell 4 encloses the hinge structure 3 and the components of the side mirror unit 2. In an alternative embodiment, the upper section 10 and the lower section 11 of the housing shell 4 may be formed from a single member.

[0037] The hinge structure 3 of the example movement mechanism 1 is arranged to provide two superimposed rotational degrees of freedom, each around a single axis of rotation, and is configured to adjust the orientation of the rearview mirror relative to the vehicle around both a vertical principal axis 8 and a horizontal tilt axis 13, so that the driver of the vehicle can fine-tune the rear view. The hinge structure 3 is further configured to adjust the external rearview mirror around the vertical principal axis 8 between a folded park position in which the housing shell 4 extends substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and an extended position in which the housing shell 4 extends substantially transversely outward from the vehicle. The minimum angular range required for fine-tuning may typically be, for example, -12.5° to +12.5° around the vertical axis starting at 0° in the drive position of the mirror glass, and -12.5° to +12.5° around the horizontal axis starting at 0° in the vertical position of the mirror glass. The pivot angle range between the park position and the drive position can be, for example, approximately 60–90°, and especially approximately 70–80°.

[0038] The housing shell 4 is connected to the second member 6 of the hinge structure 3 via a mating coupling component 14 (see, for example, Figures 1, 7, and 8). As will be considered in detail, the bottom of the housing shell 4 includes a socket ring 15 with a bayonet catch 16 to which the stub portion 17 of the hinge structure 3, with a bayonet tab 18, can be coupled. The hinge structure 3 can be inserted into the housing shell 4, for example, through an aperture left open for the mirror glass 12, and then bayoneted into place on the socket ring 15. After coupling, the mirror glass 12 can be snapped into place in the aperture to close the housing shell 4. The base flange 9 of the moving mechanism 1 can then be screwed into, for example, a mounting plate 9' of a vehicle door bracket.

[0039] By providing the mating coupling component 14, there is no need to use auxiliary coupling elements such as screws to connect the housing shell 4 to the hinge structure 3. The coupling component 14 can be engaged in toolless operation; that is, engagement of the coupling component 14 can be performed by moving the coupling components relative to each other, for example, by manual or robotic assembly motion.

[0040] The second member 6 supports the first coupling part 19 of the mating coupling part 14, and the housing shell 4 supports the second coupling part 20 of the mating coupling part 14. In this example, the housing shell 4 is directly connected to the second member 6. Alternatively, an intermediate structure may be provided.

[0041] The coupling component 14 forms an insert-rotation coupling. The coupling components 14 can be engaged by manually inserting them into each other along the main shaft 8 of the moving mechanism 1, and by rotating them relative to each other about the central shaft 7 of the moving mechanism 1. In this example, the second coupling component 20 is substantially ring-shaped and is embodied as a socket ring 15. When coupled, it surrounds the central shaft 7 of the moving mechanism 1. As will be considered in more detail, the coupling component 14 forms a bayonet coupling. The coupling component 14 is spring-loaded when coupled, so that play and slack can be compensated for.

[0042] The hinge structure 3 includes two actuators 21, each for operating a degree of freedom. Therefore, the movement mechanism 1 can be used for electric adjustment. Each actuator 21 includes a 12V DC electric motor 22 with a reduction mechanism that includes a worm gear 23 as an output element.

[0043] The hinge structure 3 includes an intermediate carrier 24 rotatably disposed about a central shaft 7 of the hinge structure 3. The intermediate carrier 24 is axially restrained on the central shaft 7 and is breakable via a clutch mechanism 30. The intermediate carrier 24 is embodied as a motor carrier and supports the first and second motors 22 of two actuators 21, respectively. The intermediate carrier 24 may consist of a single member, but as can be seen in Figures 9 and 10, the intermediate carrier may be assembled from two parts. In this example, the intermediate carrier includes a cover 41.

[0044] The second component 6 is embodied as a housing carrier and is interposed between the motor carrier 24 and the base portion 5 of the moving mechanism 1.

[0045] A metal wire structure is provided as a bearing 25 between the cooperative hinge surfaces. In this example, the metal wire bearing structure 25 is provided between the cooperative surface of the housing carrier 6 and the motor carrier 24, and between the cooperative surface of the motor carrier 24 and the base portion 5 of the moving mechanism 1. The housing carrier 6 and the motor carrier 24 are provided as plastic components in this example. The wire bearing structure is formed here from a steel spring wire. The cooperative hinge surface between the motor carrier 24 and the housing carrier 6 is substantially cylindrical, i.e., forms part of a cylindrical mantle surface, where the bearing 25 is embodied as a wire structure including two wire hoops 26. Here, the wire structure is provided in two halves. Each half of the wire bearing structure includes two quadrant hoops. Each quadrant hoop is held in a groove in the mantle surface of the housing carrier. The quadrant hoops are connected at one end to the other via wire segments. As will be further discussed below, in this example the connecting wire segments form a bayonet tab. At the free end of each hoop, radially extending anchor pins are formed, and half of the bearing structure is fixed to the bore of the housing carrier. The hinge surface between the base portion 5 and the housing carrier 6 is substantially spherical, i.e., forms part of a spherical surface, where the bearing 25 is embodied as a wiring ring 27. The wiring ring 27 comprises two radially outward extending anchor pins, which are held in ring-shaped grooves within the substantially spherical concave surface of the housing carrier, and the rings are fixed to a further bore of the housing carrier.

[0046] The motor carrier 24 is positioned under a spring load to press it onto the base portion 5. The spring load is provided by a helical spring 28 that is held around the central shaft 7 and presses onto the motor carrier 24 via a pivot drive gear 29. The spring 28 is also used to load a clutch mechanism 30. The clutch mechanism 30 may be used to discouple a first worm 23, driven by the reduction gear of the first motor 22 and motor carrier 24, from the pivot drive gear 29 supported on the central shaft 7, in order to allow relative movement when an external force is applied.

[0047] The housing carrier 6 is rotatably connected to the motor carrier 24 via a tilting shaft 31 that extends along the tilting axis 13 and provides a second degree of rotational freedom. The tilting shaft 31 preferably extends transversely with respect to the central shaft 7. In this example, the tilting shaft 31 provides a tilting hinge 32 for the housing shell 4 on only one side of the central shaft 7. In other embodiments, the tilting shaft 31 may be installed on both sides or may extend to provide symmetrical hinge action. A further spring-loaded breakable clutch mechanism 33 is used to decouple the second worm 23 of the second motor 22 and the reduction mechanism of the motor carrier 24 from the tilting drive gear 34 provided on the housing carrier 6, in order to allow relative movement when an external force is applied.

[0048] The bayonet coupling 14 comprises a stub portion 17, a set of bayonet tabs 18 extending radially outward on the housing carrier 6, and a socket ring 15 having an aperture 35 for receiving the stub portion 17. The socket ring 15 includes a bayonet catch flange 16 extending radially inward. The bayonet tabs 18 are diametrically opposed and extend radially outward. In this embodiment, the bayonet tabs 18 are formed from a steel spring wire to provide a spring load to compensate for play and slack. The bayonet tabs 18 are formed integrally with the wire structure. In particular, each bayonet tab is formed in this example by a connecting portion between two quadrant hoops 26 of a bearing half, which are provided as a bearing 25 between the housing carrier 6 and the motor carrier. The bayonet coupling 14 enables an easy connection, compact, reliable, and stable coupling. The compactness, particularly the relatively small dimensions of the first and second coupling components 19, 20 in both the axial and radial directions of the central shaft 7, and their integration in the peripheral portions of the housing shell 4 and housing carrier 6, increases design freedom and allows for a relatively large angular range for tilting movement, e.g., ±20°, 25°, or 30°. As shown, the first coupling component 19 can be incorporated within the wall of the housing shell, thereby saving space. The second coupling component can be a separate part as shown, but alternatively, it can be formed integrally with the housing shell, for example, or inserted and molded internally as a coupling ring. The second coupling component can be provided, for example, below the base level of the stationary component, at the peripheral edge of the lower portion of the housing carrier.

[0049] During use, the housing shell 4 is connected to the second member 6 of the hinge structure 3 by manually engaging with the mating coupling component 14 such that the housing shell 4 surrounds the hinge structure 3 at least partially.

[0050] In the first step, the coupling components 14 can be inserted axially into each other along the spindle 8 between a first axial position I in which the coupling components 14 are free (see Figure 7) and a second axial position II in which the coupling components 14 overlap axially, and radial movement relative to each other with respect to the spindle 8 can be prevented. In particular, the stub portion 17 of a bayonet connection having a set of bayonet tabs 18 that are diametrically opposed on the housing carrier 6 and extend radially outward can be inserted axially into the socket ring 15 to receive the stub portion 17 on the housing shell 4, so that the bayonet tabs 18 can pass through the circumferential gap 36 between bayonet catch flanges 16 that extend radially inward on the socket ring 15. The stub portion 17 is provided with deformable radially outward extending ribs 37 to center the stub in the socket ring 15 and hold them engaged without radial play. The stub portion 17 can be inserted, for example, in a second axial position II until its support protrusion contacts the support surface of the socket ring 15. In the second step, the coupling component 14 is then in a second axial position II, rotating about the spindle 8 from a first angular position α1 in which the coupling component 14 can move axially relative to each other with respect to the spindle 8, to a second angular position α2 in which the coupling component 14 is prevented from moving axially relative to the spindle 8 (see Figure 8). In particular, the stub portion 17 having the bayonet tab 18 can rotate about the spindle 8 by an angle of, for example, 30 to 50 degrees, especially about 40 degrees. In the second angular position α2, the bayonet tab 18 can then be hooked behind the catch flange 16, so that the hinge structure 3 and the housing shell 4 are fixed to each other axially. In the case of the spring wire tab 18, the tab 18 can deform to compensate for axial play, and the bayonet connection is then spring-loaded. The helical spring 28 around the central shaft 7 presses the motor carrier onto the housing carrier 6, firmly engaging the housing carrier 6 with the support. In the third step, the coupling components 14 can be prevented from rotating relative to each other about the principal shaft 8 in both the second axial position II and the second angular position α2.In particular, the stub portion 17 can be rotatably secured to the socket ring 15 using a radial locking pin. In this example, the tilting shaft 31, which extends transversely to the central shaft 7 of the moving mechanism 1, to which the housing carrier 6 is rotatably connected to the motor carrier, also serves as the radial locking pin. After the coupling component 14 is brought to a second angular position α2, the tilting shaft 31 can be pressed radially along the tilting axis 13 toward the main shaft 8 of the central shaft 7, from a radially inward position i (see Figure 9) that frees the coupling component 14 and allows it to rotate relative to itself, through aligned holes in the coupling component 14, to a radially outward position ii (see Figure 10) that prevents rotation relative to itself about the main shaft 8. In this way, the coupling component can be locked in a mated state, which can help prevent theft of the moving mechanism as described above. To facilitate pressing, the tilting shaft 31 is provided with a radially enlarged head portion 38.

[0051] In this embodiment, the tilting shaft 31 is also used to reliably define the angular pivot position of the housing shell 4 relative to the base 5, particularly the park position. A portion of the tilting shaft 31 extending radially inward into the opening of the ring-shaped coupling forms the first stop 39 of a set of two cooperative stoppers, and the second stop 40 in this example is provided on the base mounting plate 9' of the door bracket. The radially inward-extending portion of the tilting shaft 31 is also used in this embodiment to define the position where the angle of the memory-based electrical adjustment is calibrated. The electric drive pivot from the park position to the drive position is performed based on the retrieval of stored parameter values ​​of time or energy related to the electrical adjustment from the electric pivot, from the last used drive position to the park position, or vice versa, for example, temperature, and compensating for the typical time or energy difference between folding and unfolding.

[0052] In this specification, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and changes can be made within the present invention without departing from the essence of the invention. For example, the connecting portion of the wire structure forming the bayonet tab is formed as a triangle with sides of unequal length in the exemplary embodiment, but it may be formed as a triangle with sides of equal length, for example, so that the tab is formed with a vertex in the center, or it may be formed as a rectangle, for example, so that the tab is formed to have a treadle-like peripheral shape.

[0053] When a hinge structure is arranged to provide two superimposed rotational degrees of freedom, each centered on a single axis of rotation, these axes may extend, for example, at an angle to each other, for example, transversely or perpendicularly to each other.

[0054] The second connecting component may be, for example, a component separated from the housing shell, or it may be an integrated component of the housing shell. Such an integrated component may be formed as a single member, for example, integrally with the housing shell, or as a separate member manufactured to form a single component, for example, a connecting ring, which is fixed, bonded, or insert-molded internally.

[0055] For the purpose of clarity and concise explanation, features are described herein as part of the same or distinct embodiments; however, alternative embodiments having all or some combinations of the features described in these distinct embodiments are also conceivable.

[0056] However, other modifications, variations, and substitutions are also possible. Therefore, the specifications, drawings, and examples should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0057] For the purpose of clarity and concise explanation, features are described herein as part of the same or distinct embodiments, but it will be understood that the scope of the invention may include embodiments having all or some combinations of the described features.

[0058] In the claims, any reference numerals enclosed in parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word “equipped with” does not preclude the existence of other features or processes other than those listed in the claims. Furthermore, the words “a” and “an” are used to mean “at least one,” not “only one,” and do not preclude plural. The mere fact that certain measures are listed in different claims does not imply that combinations of these measures cannot be used advantageously. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0059] 1.Movement mechanism 2. Side mirror unit 3. Hinge structure 4. Housing shell 5. First component / stationary base section 6. Second component / movable output component / housing carrier 7. Central shaft 8. Main shaft / pivot shaft 9. Base flange 9'. Mounting plate 10. Upper section 11. Lower section 12. Mirror glass / side 13.Tilt axis 14. Mating connectors / bayonet connectors 15. Socket ring 16. Bayonet Catch 17. Stub section 18. Bayonet tab 19. First connecting part 20. Second connecting part 21. Actuator 22. Motor 23. Warm 24. Intermediate Carrier / Motor Carrier 25. Bearings 26. Wire hoop 27. Wiring 28. Spiral spring 29. Pivot drive gear 30. Clutch mechanism 31. Tilting shaft / radial locking pin 32. Tilting Hinge 33. Further clutch mechanisms 34. Tilting drive gear 35. Aperture 36. Circumferential spacing 37. Ribs 38. Head section 39. First stop 40. Second stop 41. Cover I. First axial position II. Second axial position α1. First angular position α2. Second angular position i. Radial outward position ii. Radially inward position

Claims

1. A moving mechanism comprising: a hinge structure having a first member and a second member connected by a hinge with at least one rotational degree of freedom; and a housing shell at least partially surrounding the hinge structure, wherein the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge structure via a fitting coupling component.

2. The moving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the second member supports the first coupling part of the fitting coupling part, and the housing shell supports the second coupling part of the fitting coupling part.

3. The moving mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the coupling components is a substantially ring-shaped coupling component, preferably a substantially ring-shaped coupling component surrounding the central shaft of the moving mechanism.

4. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coupling component forms a bayonet coupling.

5. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the connecting component is subjected to a spring load in the connected state.

6. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hinge structure is arranged to provide two superimposed degrees of rotational freedom, each centered on a single axis of rotation.

7. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first member includes the central shaft of the moving mechanism.

8. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first member comprises a base portion.

9. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the hinge structure includes at least one actuator for providing at least one degree of freedom of movement.

10. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the hinge structure includes an intermediate carrier rotatably disposed about a central shaft of the hinge structure.

11. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the intermediate carrier is a motor carrier that supports the motor of an actuator in order to activate rotational degrees of freedom, preferably a motor carrier that supports a first motor and a second motor, each of which functions to activate rotational degrees of freedom.

12. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the second member forms a housing carrier.

13. The moving mechanism according to claim 12, wherein the housing carrier is interposed between the motor carrier and the base of the moving mechanism.

14. The moving mechanism according to claim 11 or 12, wherein a metal wire structure is provided as a bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier and / or between the motor carrier and the base of the moving mechanism.

15. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the motor carrier is positioned under a spring load to press the housing carrier onto the base.

16. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the housing carrier is preferably rotatably connected to the motor carrier via a tilting shaft.

17. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the housing carrier is connected to the motor carrier via a clutch.

18. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein the bayonet coupling comprises a set of a stub portion and a bayonet tab on the housing carrier and a socket ring for receiving the stub portion, the socket ring comprising a bayonet catch flange extending radially inward.

19. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 4 to 18, wherein the bayonet coupling includes a bayonet tab formed from a metal wire.

20. The moving mechanism according to claim 19, wherein the bayonet tab is integrally formed with at least one metal wire structure provided as a bearing between the housing carrier and the motor carrier.

21. The moving mechanism according to any one of the prior claims, wherein the coupling component is locked in a fitted state.

22. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 12 to 21, wherein the housing carrier is rotatable with respect to the motor carrier via a tilting shaft, preferably via a tilting shaft extending transversely with respect to the central shaft of the hinge structure.

23. The moving mechanism according to claim 22, wherein the tilting shaft is movable from a first position that allows the coupling components to rotate freely relative to each other to a second position that prevents the coupling components from rotating relative to each other.

24. The moving mechanism according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the tilting shaft is arranged to be used as a stopper for defining the angular pivot position of the housing shell relative to the base.

25. The moving mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the housing shell includes a viewing element, in particular an external viewing element such as an external rearview mirror, display, or camera for a vehicle.

26. A hinge structure for a moving mechanism according to any one of the prior claims, comprising a first member and a second member connected by a hinge with at least one rotational degree of freedom, wherein the second member carries a first coupling component, the first coupling component cooperates with a second coupling component of a set of mating coupling components during use, and the second coupling component is carried on a housing shell that at least partially surrounds the hinge structure during use.

27. A method for connecting a housing shell to a hinge structure of a moving mechanism, wherein the hinge structure has a first member and a second member connected by a hinge with at least one rotational degree of freedom, the second member carrying a first coupling component of a set of mating components, the housing shell carrying a second coupling component of the set of mating components, and the housing shell is connected to the second member of the hinge structure by engaging with the mating components such that the housing shell encloses the hinge structure at least partially.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein in the first step of engagement, the coupling components are inserted into each other axially along the main shaft from a first axial position in which the coupling components are free to a second axial position in which the coupling components overlap axially, and radial movement relative to the main shaft is prevented from being made toward each other, and in the second step of engagement, the coupling components are rotated around the main shaft from a first angular position in which the coupling components are movable relative to the main shaft axially to a second angular position in which axial movement relative to the main shaft is prevented from being made toward each other, while the coupling components are in the second axial position.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein in the third engagement step, the coupling components are prevented from rotating relative to each other about the principal axis while in both the second axial position and the second angular position, and are locked in a fitted state.

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