Base structure for greening using highly fixed moss plants, mat for greening using highly fixed moss plants, greening body using highly fixed moss plants, and greening method using highly fixed moss plants

Abstract

To provide a greening mechanism using a moss plant, capable of making the most of advantages of greening using a moss plant in greening of various places, such as a roof, a slope surface, and a medial strip of a road, reducing plant death after fixation of the plant, and reducing cost and maintenance labor and time.SOLUTION: There is provided a base structure 10 for greening using a moss plant, which is a base structure for greening for forming a greening state by fixation of dispersed bodies of moss plants which are naturally dispersed, and the base structure for greening using a moss plant comprises: an artificial turf part 2 for receiving fixation of the dispersed bodies; and a base part 3 provided below the artificial turf part 2, where planting of the moss plants is not required. The base part 3 has a water holding layer 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention High fixing type Base structure for greening using moss plants, High fixing type Moss plant greening mat, High fixing type Bryophyte-based greenery, and High fixing type The present invention relates to a greening method using moss plants, and in particular to a greening technique that can reduce the withering of established plants and reduce costs and maintenance labor when greening rooftops, slopes, median strips of roads, etc. [Background technology]

[0002] This paper describes the current status of greening on rooftops and in road medians. First, the promotion of rooftop greenery is positioned as one of the measures in the Global Warming Countermeasures Plan (approved by the Cabinet on May 13, 2016), which aims to "reduce carbon in cities by improving the thermal environment through heat island countermeasures." (Reference: https: / / www.mlit.go.jp / toshi / park / toshi_parkgreen_tk_000065.html)

[0003] In addition, for greening the median strip, shrubs are planted for the purpose of creating a good road scenery, but for management purposes, pruning of trees and cutting of weeds are required. For greening slopes, there are concerns that the spraying of invasive species may have a negative impact on native plants and may reduce the quality of the ecosystem. For this reason, methods that use construction waste soil and topsoil and methods that encourage natural invasion are being implemented. (Reference: https: / / www.pwrc.or.jp / thesis_shouroku / thesis_pdf / 1010-P010-013_kubo.pdf)

[0004] In addition, when using mosses in horticulture or planting them in gardens, moss grown in a lawn-like form in fields is sometimes used.

[0005] Patent applications have been filed for greening technologies for rooftops of buildings and other areas. For example, Patent Document 1, listed below, discloses a structure for a greening bryophyte support in which a bryophyte is sandwiched between two fiber assemblies, the fibers are entangled by a mechanical entanglement means to form an integrated laminate, and artificial turf fronds are planted on the laminate to form a laminate with good appearance and strong bond. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2004-344062 A: "Bryophyte support for greening and method for manufacturing moss plant support for greening" Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] Now, in the case of rooftop greening mentioned above, if the plants used for greening are grass or trees, soil is required, which places a burden on the building due to their weight, and there are problems with capital investment for irrigation systems. In addition, in the case of median strip greening, both the topsoil use method and the natural invasion promotion method require spraying of soil, and as mentioned above, there are concerns that spraying of invasive species may have a negative impact on native plants and reduce the quality of the ecosystem. Furthermore, when shrubs are planted, pruning and weeding work is required to prevent poor visibility due to tree growth and weed growth. Indispensable, During work, measures such as closing one lane will be necessary.

[0008] There are also several problems with greening using mosses. First, depending on the environment of the planting location, mosses may not be able to take root and may die. Another issue is the cost involved during the growing period, as well as the need for maintenance after transplanting. On the other hand, mosses have the advantage that once they have taken root, they have a high chance of growing permanently. If it were possible to resolve these issues while still taking advantage of the benefits of greening using mosses, it would be possible to green a variety of locations effectively and efficiently. Can be promoted It is thought that.

[0009] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a greening technology that utilizes mosses, which can be used in greening a variety of locations, such as rooftops, slopes, and median strips of roads, while taking advantage of the advantages of using mosses for greening, and which can reduce the withering and death of plants after they have taken root, and which can also reduce costs and maintenance labor. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] Once moss has taken root, it is highly likely that it can continue to grow for a considerable period of time. There have been observations of colonies that have taken root through natural dispersals such as spores and moss fragments and have continued to grow for as long as 13 years. For example, artificial turf is often laid in median strips, and moss has naturally taken root on top of it. In such cases, since the moss is taking root in a natural state, only the types of moss that have adapted to the various environments of the installation site (slope, rooftop, median strip, etc.) take root. Of course, from the perspective of those who use conventional construction methods such as artificial turf installers, this is unintended moss establishment and is not desirable. It is a phenomenon that we want to eliminate and prevent.

[0011] However, by leaving it to its natural state, only the type of moss that is adapted to the environment of the installation site can take root, which means that the costs and labor required for growth and maintenance can be eliminated, or at least reduced, and it is also possible to reduce the death of the moss after it has taken root. The inventors came up with this idea and completed the present invention based on it. That is, the invention claimed in this application, or at least the invention disclosed therein, as a means for solving the above problems is as follows.

[0012] [1] Depending on the installation location Naturally dispersed R A greening base structure for forming a greening state by the establishment of a moss plant scatter, comprising an artificial turf section for receiving the scatter and a base section provided under the artificial turf section; The base is provided with a water-retaining layer, and the water-retaining layer is <r> At least one of the above-listed materials is used as a base material, to which at least one of a thickener or a gelling agent is added,< / r> Planting moss , soil for growth, and watering after establishment. No need to This allows the establishment of species of moss that are adapted to the environment of the installation site. Characterized in that High fixing typeFoundation structure for greening using moss plants. <r> Sponge, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, sand, wood chips, cedar and cypress bark, perlite, zeolite, clay, charcoal, polyacrylates and other superabsorbent resins< / r>

[0013] [ 2 The thickening or gelling agent is <s>The present invention is characterized in that the composition is at least one of the following: 1 ] High fixing type Foundation structure for greening using moss plants. <s>Cellulose ether, carrageenan, alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, ammonium alginate [ 3 The base is provided with an adhesive layer and is provided on a concrete surface. 〔1〕、〔2〕 Any of the following: High fixing type Foundation structure for greening using moss plants. [ 4 The base portion is provided with a weed-control sheet layer and is provided on the soil surface. 〔1〕、〔2〕 Any of the following: High fixing type Foundation structure for greening using moss plants. [ 5 The artificial turf portion is characterized in that its material contains a plant-derived resin. 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕、〔4〕 Any of the following: High fixing type Foundation structure for greening using moss plants.

[0014] [ 6 〕 Depending on the installation location Naturally dispersed R A greening mat for forming a green state by fixing a moss plant scatter, comprising an artificial turf section for receiving the scatter and a base section provided on the bottom surface of the artificial turf section; The base is provided with a water-retaining layer, and the water-retaining layer is <r> At least one of the above-listed materials is used as a base material, to which at least one of a thickener or a gelling agent is added,< / r> Planting moss , soil for growth, and watering after establishment. No need to This allows the establishment of species of moss that are adapted to the environment of the installation site. Characterized in that High fixing type A mat for greening using moss plants. <r> Sponge, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, sand, wood chips, cedar and cypress bark, perlite, zeolite, clay, charcoal, polyacrylates and other superabsorbent resins< / r> [ 7 The base is provided with an adhesive layer and is intended for installation on a concrete surface. 〔6〕 Described in High fixing type A mat for greening using moss plants. [ 8 The base is provided with a weed-control sheet layer and is intended for installation on the soil surface. 〔6〕 Described in High fixing type A mat for greening using moss plants.

[0015] [ 9 The artificial turf portion is characterized in that its material contains a plant-derived resin. 〔6〕、〔7〕、〔8〕 Any of the following: High fixing type A mat for greening using moss plants. [ 10 〕 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕、〔4〕、〔5〕 moss is fixed on the base structure for greening using moss plants according to any one of the above. High fixing type A green space using moss plants. [ 11 ] The present invention is characterized in that it does not require soil for establishment and maintenance, water supply, weeding, or maintenance. 10 ] High fixing type A green space using moss plants. [ 12 On the surface you want to green 〔1〕、〔2〕、〔3〕、〔4〕、〔5〕 The method comprises a base structure forming process of providing a base structure for greening using moss plants according to any one of the above, and then a leaving process for allowing naturally scattered moss plants to settle, and is characterized in that a moss plant cultivation process is not required. High fixing type A method of greening using moss plants. Effect of the Invention

[0016] The present invention High fixing type Base structure for greening using moss plants, High fixing type Moss plant greening mat, High fixing type Bryophyte-based greenery, and High fixing type Since the moss-utilizing greening method is configured as described above, by utilizing the natural establishment of moss in response to each environment in greening various locations such as rooftops, slopes, and median strips of roads, it is possible to reduce the withering and death of moss after establishment and further eliminate or reduce the costs and maintenance required for growth and maintenance.

[0017] Conventional moss mats for greening purposes are made by cultivating moss in a field and then cutting it into lawn-like pieces for sale, which requires time, money, and the selection of a suitable cultivation location and moss species. High fixing type With greening infrastructure structures, moss that fall and settle on the installation site are used as is, so moss suited to the environment of the installation site will naturally settle, and there is no need for subsequent maintenance such as watering. There is no need for the soil required for conventional rooftop greening, median strip greening, and slope greening, which prevents the growth of weeds, and there is no need to cultivate or plant moss, and because rainwater is sufficient for the moisture needed for growth, there is no need for a watering system. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram conceptually showing the basic configuration of the highly-fixed moss plant-utilizing greening base structure of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram conceptually showing the basic configuration of the highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening base structure of the present invention, which is equipped with a water-retaining layer. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating conceptually the basic structure of the highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening base structure of the present invention, which is equipped with an adhesive layer. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram conceptually showing the basic configuration of the highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening base structure of the present invention, which is equipped with a weed-control sheet layer. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram conceptually showing the basic structure of a highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening mat of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram conceptually showing the basic structure of the highly-fixed moss plant-utilizing greening body of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the configuration of a highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the present invention High fixing type FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a basic structure of a moss plant-utilizing greening base structure according to the present invention, which is provided with a water-retaining layer. High fixing type FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a moss plant-based greening base structure. High fixing type The moss-based greening base structure 10 is a greening base structure that creates a greening state by fixing naturally scattered moss bodies, and is mainly composed of an artificial turf section 2 for receiving the scattered bodies and a base section 3 provided under the artificial turf section 2, and does not require planting moss plants. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 10 may be configured so that the base 3 is provided with a water retaining layer 4 .

[0020] A book with this structure High fixing type The base structure 10 for greening using moss plants has an artificial turf section 2 for receiving the scattered body and a base 3 for the main body. High fixing type The moss-utilizing greening base structure 10 is installed on the installation surface, and the artificial turf section 2 installed on the base 3 receives the naturally scattered moss that settles naturally in the installation environment, forming a greening state with the naturally scattered moss. Therefore, there is no need to plant moss as in the past.

[0021] In addition, in a configuration in which the base 3 is provided with the water retention layer 4 as shown in Figure 2, the naturally distributed moss plants that have taken root in the artificial turf section 2 can utilize the water stored in the water retention layer 4, thereby maintaining their growth, reducing withering and death, and maintaining a stable green state. In addition, there is no need for watering using an irrigation system, etc., or even if there is, the amount of watering required is reduced.

[0022] That is, the present invention High fixing type The moss-utilizing greening base structure 10 uses artificial turf to grow and establish moss plants. By installing or constructing it on target surfaces such as building rooftops or median strips, naturally occurring moss plant propagules (spores, asexual buds, gametophyte fragments, etc.) fall and encourage their establishment, creating a green environment.

[0023] Conventional moss mats for rooftop greening are made by cultivating moss in a field and then cutting it into commercial lawn-like pieces for sale, which takes time and money, and requires securing a cultivation site and selecting the appropriate moss species. However, this invention uses moss that falls and settles on the site where it is installed or constructed, so the moss suitable for the site settles naturally, and there is no need for subsequent maintenance such as watering. In other words, while conventionally moss was grown and then used for greening, this invention uses a method in which only the medium for moss settlement is prepared and it is waited for it to grow naturally.

[0024] The depth and material of the artificial turf used in the artificial turf section 2 can be designed and selected as appropriate, but materials made from plant-derived resins such as biopolystyrene are preferred, and environmentally friendly artificial turf products made from such materials can be suitably used.

[0025] The water-retaining layer 4 shown in Fig. 2 may be made of one or more suitable materials selected from sponge, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, sand, wood chips, cedar / cypress bark, perlite, zeolite, clay, charcoal, polyacrylate, and other highly water-absorbent resins, but is not limited thereto. In short, any material that has a water-retaining function may be used. Furthermore, the use of biodegradable materials is more preferable.

[0026] The present invention High fixing type The water-retaining layer 4 of the moss-utilizing greening base structure 10 may also be configured to use any of the above-mentioned materials as a base material to which at least one of a thickener or gelling agent is added. The addition of a thickener or gelling agent effectively bonds the base materials together, thereby improving the water-retaining capacity and more stably maintaining the good growth of the moss that falls and settles on the artificial turf section 2.

[0027] As the thickener, for example, cellulose ether, carrageenan, alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, ammonium alginate, etc. can be suitably used. Although the water-retaining layer 4 is not shown in each of the drawings used in the following description of the invention, any of the inventions may have a configuration including a water-retaining layer.

[0028] FIG. 3 shows the present invention having an adhesive layer. High fixing type FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic structure of a moss plant-based greening base structure. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 310 can be configured such that the base 33 is provided with an adhesive layer 35 and is provided on the surface of the concrete C.

[0029] As a result, when the concrete C surface such as the median strip of a road, the rooftop of a building, or a slope is the target for installation and construction, the adhesive layer 35 adheres and fixes the concrete C surface, and the greening state due to the establishment and growth of moss plants can be maintained. Note that the specifications of the adhesive are not limited, and any suitable adhesive may be used.

[0030] FIG. 4 shows the present invention having a weed-control sheet layer. High fixing type FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic structure of a moss plant-based greening base structure. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 410 can be configured such that the base 43 is provided with a weed-control sheet layer 46 and is provided on the surface of the soil G.

[0031] As a result, when the surface of the soil G is the target of installation and construction, the growth and growth of weeds and the like from the surface of the soil G can be suppressed, and the base 43 can be prevented from being lifted up by the growing weeds and the like. In addition, the soil G surface is prevented from drying out, providing a moisture retention effect, and stabilizing the growth of the moss plants that take root. The specifications of the weed-control sheet to be used are not limited, and any appropriate one may be used.

[0032] FIG. 5 shows the present invention High fixing type FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic structure of a mat for greening using moss plants. High fixing type The greening mat 50 using moss plants creates a green state by allowing naturally scattered moss plants to settle, and is mainly composed of an artificial turf section 42 for receiving the scattered moss and a base section 43 provided on the bottom surface of the artificial turf section 42.

[0033] Books High fixing type The effects of the moss plant-utilizing greening mat 50 are as described above with reference to FIG. High fixing type The effects are basically the same as those of the base structure 10 for greening using moss plants, etc. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 10, etc., is an invention including the form in which it is installed and constructed on the installation and construction target surface. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening mat 50 is an invention that is intended to be manufactured and distributed as a mat product.

[0034] Books High fixing type The moss plant greening mat 50 has already been mentioned. High fixing type As with the moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 10, the base 43 may be provided with a water-retaining layer of an appropriate structure, an adhesive layer for installation on a concrete surface, or a weed-control sheet layer for installation on a soil surface. Similarly, the artificial turf portion 42 may be made of a material containing a plant-derived resin.

[0035] FIG. 6 shows the present invention High fixing type FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the basic structure of a greening body using moss plants. High fixing type On top of the moss plant-utilizing greening base structure 610, or High fixing type 68 mosses have taken root and formed on the moss plant greening mat. High fixing type The moss plant-based greenery 70 is also within the scope of the present invention. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greenery 70 can be provided as something that does not require soil for the establishment and retention of the moss plants 68, does not require watering, does not require weeding, and does not require maintenance.

[0036] FIG. 7 shows the present invention High fixing type FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the configuration of a moss plant-utilizing greening method. High fixing type The moss plant-utilizing greening method is a method of providing a surface to be greened with any one of the above-mentioned configurations. High fixing type It is composed of a base structure formation process P1, which forms a base structure for greening using moss plants, and a leaving process P2, which allows the naturally scattered moss plants to settle. High fixing type Although an example using a moss plant-utilizing greening mat 50 is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, the foundation structure may be formed by construction without using such a mat.

[0037] A book with this structure High fixing type According to the moss plant greening method, in the base structure formation process P1, High fixing type A base structure for greening using moss plants is formed, and then in the leaving process P2, naturally scattered moss plants suitable for the environment are allowed to settle, High fixing type A green body 70 using moss plant is obtained. This method can provide the various advantageous effects described above, including the elimination of the need for a moss plant cultivation process. [Industrial Applicability]

[0038] The present invention High fixing type Base structure for greening using moss plants, High fixing type Moss plant greening mat, High fixing type Bryophyte-based greenery, and High fixing type According to the moss-utilizing greening method, by utilizing the natural establishment of moss in response to each environment in greening various places such as rooftops, slopes, and median strips of roads, it is possible to reduce the withering and death of moss after establishment, and further to eliminate or reduce the costs and maintenance required for growth and maintenance. Therefore, this is an invention with high industrial applicability in the field of greening technology and all related fields. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 2, 32, 42, 52, 62…Artificial grass section 3, 33, 43, 53, 63...Base 4…Water retention layer 10, 310, 410, 610… High fixing type Base structure for greening using moss plants 35...Adhesive layer 46…Weed-proof sheet layer 50… High fixing type Moss plant greening mat 68…Moss 70… High fixing type Moss-based greenery C…Concrete G…soil P1: Basement structure formation process P2…Leaving process< / s> < / s>

Claims

1. A greening base structure that forms a greening state by the establishment of moss plants that are naturally dispersed in accordance with an installation location, An artificial turf section for receiving the scattering body; and a base portion provided under the artificial turf portion, The base includes a water-retaining layer; The water-retaining layer is made of at least one of the materials listed in the <R> below as a base material, to which at least one of a thickener or a gelling agent is added, There is no need to plant moss, provide soil for growth, or water after establishment. Moss species that are adapted to the environment of the installation site can take root. A base structure for greening using highly fixed moss plants, characterized in that <R> Sponge, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, sand, wood chips, cedar and cypress bark, perlite, zeolite, clay, charcoal, highly water-absorbent resins such as polyacrylates

2. The base structure for greening using highly fixed moss plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickener or gelling agent is at least one of the following listed agents <S>. <S> Cellulose ether, carrageenan, alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, ammonium alginate

3. 3. The highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening base structure according to claim 1, wherein the base is provided with an adhesive layer and is provided on a concrete surface.

4. 3. A foundation structure for greening using highly-fixed moss plants according to claim 1, wherein the base comprises a weed-control sheet layer and is provided on the soil surface.

5. 5. The highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening base structure according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the artificial turf portion contains a plant-derived resin as its material.

6. A greening mat that forms a greening state by the establishment of a scattering body of a moss plant that is naturally scattered in accordance with an installation location, An artificial turf section for receiving the scattering body; A base is provided on the bottom surface of the artificial turf section, The base includes a water-retaining layer; The water-retaining layer is made of at least one of the materials listed in the <R> below as a base material, to which at least one of a thickener or a gelling agent is added, There is no need to plant moss, provide soil for growth, or water after establishment. Moss species that are adapted to the environment of the installation site can take root. A greening mat using highly fixed moss plants, characterized in that <R> Sponge, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, sand, wood chips, cedar and cypress bark, perlite, zeolite, clay, charcoal, highly water-absorbent resins such as polyacrylates

7. 7. A highly anchoring moss plant greening mat as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the base is provided with an adhesive layer and is intended for installation on a concrete surface.

8. 7. A highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening mat as described in claim 6, characterized in that the base is provided with a weed-control sheet layer and is intended for installation on the soil surface.

9. 9. A highly-fixing moss-utilizing greening mat according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the material of the artificial turf portion contains a plant-derived resin.

10. 6. A highly-fixed greening structure using moss plants, comprising a base structure for greening using moss plants according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, on which moss plants are fixed.

11. The highly-fixed moss-utilizing greening structure according to claim 10, which does not require soil for fixation and maintenance, watering, weeding, or maintenance.

12. A method for greening using highly fixed moss plants, which comprises a base structure formation process in which a base structure for greening using moss plants as described in any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 is provided on the surface to be greened, and then a process of leaving the moss plants to allow the naturally scattered moss plants to settle, and which is characterized by not requiring a process of cultivating the moss plants.

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