Power grid tower footing region vegetation restoration method based on biological source humic acid and application of power grid tower footing region vegetation restoration method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power grid tower footing area vegetation restoration method based on biological source humic acid and application of the power grid tower footing area vegetation restoration method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration and soil treatment. The technology aims at solving the problems of soil erosion and loss caused by environmental disturbance conditions such as vegetation damage in power grid construction, and the technical scheme mainly comprises the steps of adopting a soil improvement technology based on HFA or combining the HFA with other bio-fertilizers for use, and configuring a formula for plants suitable for planting and a vegetation management strategy. The method mainly comprises the following steps: measuring various physical and chemical factors of a soil sample around a tower footing, comparing the physical and chemical factors with an average (normal) value of local soil, and formulating the HFA use amount and concentration according to the results; investigating site conditions such as local weather, terrain, soil properties and the like, native plants and suitable plants, and formulating a plant planting formula and a comprehensive vegetation management scheme capable of iteratively growing in different seasons. According to the method, the vegetation restoration speed and environmental protection are both considered, and vegetation restoration and ecological environment improvement can be rapidly achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and soil treatment, and in particular to a vegetation restoration method for a power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing frequency of power grid construction and maintenance, the degree of environmental disturbance surrounding the tower base areas is gradually increasing. Achieving rapid vegetation growth and ecological restoration in these areas within a short period of time has become a crucial component of environmental protection during power construction. Southern China has a humid and rainy climate. Vegetation damage during construction can lead to severe soil erosion and water loss from heavy rainfall. Therefore, soil and vegetation restoration in the tower base areas has significant environmental and social benefits for protecting the ecological environment and conserving water and soil resources.

[0003] Traditional vegetation restoration methods include engineering restoration, physical and chemical amendment restoration, phytoremediation technology, and bioremediation technology. While chemical amendment restoration can quickly improve soil structure, it may cause secondary pollution to the environment in the long run. While phytoremediation complies with the principles of ecological restoration, vegetation recovery is slow and unsuitable for scenarios requiring rapid restoration. While bioremediation technology is effective, it is expensive and difficult to use for large-scale soil and ecological restoration projects. In recent years, humic acid has been gradually applied to soil improvement and vegetation restoration due to its superior physical and chemical properties, especially its environmentally friendly properties.

[0004] This invention aims to provide a rapid vegetation restoration technology based on the application of HFA (biogenic humic acid), suitable for the unique environment of power grid tower bases. This technology is expanded upon to include a variety of restoration formulas and vegetation restoration solutions to enhance the effectiveness of HFA. This method addresses the challenge of balancing rapid vegetation restoration with environmental protection, providing a novel solution for vegetation restoration in power grid tower bases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a vegetation restoration method and application of the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid, which is reliable in implementation, flexible in application, environmentally friendly, and suitable for rapid vegetation restoration in the special environment of the power grid tower base area.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for vegetation restoration in a power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid, comprising:

[0008] S01. Obtain target feature information of the power grid tower base area to be replanted with vegetation, and then construct a vegetation planting plan based on the target feature information;

[0009] S02. Pre-treating the soil in the power grid tower base area to be replanted, and then applying a preset concentration of biogenic humic acid to improve the soil;

[0010] S03. According to the vegetation planting plan, implement vegetation planting and management strategies in the power grid tower base area to be restored with vegetation after soil improvement.

[0011] As a possible implementation method, further, in this solution S01, the target feature information includes: one or more of ground location information, climate information, soil information and vegetation damage degree information; the vegetation planting plan includes the selection of vegetation types, determination of planting density, arrangement of planting time and management of vegetation growth cycle.

[0012] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S01, the vegetation types include mainly herbs, grasses, and asteraceae plants, supplemented by shrubs;

[0013] Wherein, the shrub plants include one or more of Vitex truncatum, Amorpha fruticosa, Crotalaria chinensis, Lespedeza chinensis, Rhus chinensis, Echinops paniculata, Echinops quinata, and Magnolia multiflora;

[0014] The herbaceous plants include but are not limited to: one or more of dogwood, ryegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass, kudzu, broadleaf grass, paradise grass, Achnatherum splendens, dwarf Bermuda grass, Manila grass, imported bahia grass, alkali grass, alfalfa, Chinese zoysia grass, coreopsis, cosmos, bluegrass, and albizzia.

[0015] As an example, when formulating the vegetation planting plan, this scheme can formulate vegetation planting plans suitable for different areas based on the specific geographical location, climatic conditions, soil type and degree of vegetation damage of the power grid tower base area. The vegetation planting plan includes but is not limited to the selection of vegetation types, determination of planting density, arrangement of planting time and management of vegetation growth cycle.

[0016] Specifically, in this solution S01, suitable plant species and seeds may be selected based on the soil conditions and micro-topographic features of the power tower base area to be replanted, which may include:

[0017] (1) Preliminary environmental background survey: A comprehensive preliminary background survey of the rainfall and heat conditions, hydrological topography, and soil types of the area to be restored should be conducted, including investigation of micro-topographic features such as slope, drainage capacity, and potential erosion risks. Based on this detailed environmental information, a set of targeted plant configuration plans can be developed (as shown in Tables 1-4). By selecting plant species that can adapt to the local environment, grow rapidly, and have high ecological benefits, the success rate of regreening can be improved while promoting the long-term stability and sustainable development of the ecosystem.

[0018] Table 1 Soil types in the area to be repaired correspond to engineering references

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Table 2 Selection of plants corresponding to different terrain features

[0022]

[0023] Table 3 Soil properties corresponding to pH, plant selection and HFA application rate reference

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] Table 4 Core environmental information background check and plant selection and HFA application amount reference

[0027]

[0028] Note: In view of the "acidic, sticky and lean" characteristics of southern red soil, with pH adjustment and structure improvement as the core, the amount of HFA used is positively correlated with the degree of soil defects. The more serious the problems such as soil compaction and barrenness are, the higher the demand for HFA.

[0029] In addition to Table 4, you can also refer to the plant selection shown in Table 5

[0030] Table 5 Planting environment and plant selection

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] (2) Soil sample testing: Analyze soil pH, mechanical composition, fertility and other parameters in detail, and compare them with soil samples from ecologically sound areas surrounding the area to be restored. The resulting data differences can provide a reference for the application amount and concentration of HFA.

[0034] (3) Screening of seed plans: Based on the information obtained from the previous background survey, the vegetation to be used in the regreening area is screened. First, the native plants in the area are selected. Based on this, some salt-resistant, cold-resistant, and drought-resistant regreening plants are appropriately added without introducing alien species that harm the local ecological environment, and the seed ratio and amount per square meter of land are set.

[0035] As a better implementation option, preferably, in this solution S02, the soil in the grid tower base area to be vegetation restored is pretreated, including soil plowing, soil disinfection, soil pH adjustment and soil structure improvement, so as to create a soil environment suitable for vegetation growth.

[0036] In addition to the above, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, the pretreatment described in S02 of this solution also includes one of the following:

[0037] (1) By adding lime or gypsum as a mineral amendment to the soil;

[0038] (2) by applying organic fertilizers to the soil;

[0039] (3) Planting green manure crops on the soil;

[0040] (4) Constructing terraces or slope protection as soil conservation and improvement structures;

[0041] (5) Adding sand or clay to the soil;

[0042] (6) Construct soil drainage and irrigation systems in pre-set soil areas;

[0043] (7) Leaching and planting salt-tolerant plants to improve saline-alkali soil;

[0044] (8) Inoculate beneficial microorganisms into the soil.

[0045] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S02, the raw materials for preparing the bio-source humic acid include at least one or more of straw, bamboo chips, rice straw residue, bamboo chips, wine residue, and rice husk;

[0046] The application amount of the biogenic humic acid is 0.8-1.2 L per square meter of land, and the mass concentration is 100-200 g / L.

[0047] In this solution S02, biogenic humic acid HFA is used to improve the soil, which can enhance the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer: As a highly efficient and environmentally friendly soil conditioner, biogenic humic acid HFA plays an important role in soil remediation and ecological restoration.

[0048] Soil treated with HFA typically improves its structure, aggregation, porosity, and permeability, thereby increasing its ability to retain water and fertilizer, creating favorable conditions for the growth of regreening plants. HFA also provides plants with essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, promoting root development and enhancing plant resistance. Therefore, using HFA to improve soil not only enhances its physical properties but also provides the necessary nutrients for plant growth, laying a solid foundation for the successful implementation of ecological restoration and greening projects.

[0049] As an example, the mass concentration of the biogenic humic acid in the liquid state described in this scheme is 13.8 g / L (NY / T 1971-2010), the mass concentration of organic matter is 71.3 g / L (NY / T 1976-2010), the mass concentrations of total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P2O5), and total potassium (K2O) in the total nutrients are 10.2 g / L, 2.3 g / L, and 1.5 g / L, respectively, and the pH is 4.87 (NY / T1973-2021); its total arsenic (As), total mercury (Hg), total lead (Pb), total cadmium (Cd), and total chromium (Cr) are all less than 0.1 ml / kg (Determination of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, and nickel content in fertilizers NY / T 1978-2022), the mass fraction of chloride ion (Cl-) is 0.13% (Appendix B of GB / T15063-2020); the number of fecal coliform bacteria is less than 3 / g (GB / T 19524.1-2004), and no Ascaris eggs were detected (GB / T19524.2-2004).

[0050] In summary, the content of each component of HFA complies with the "Organic Fertilizer NY / T 525-2021". It is an environmentally friendly high-quality fertilizer with multiple functions such as improving soil, increasing soil fertility, and promoting root development. It can achieve rapid and efficient repair of the landform and ecological environment damaged by engineering operations in the power grid tower base area.

[0051] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S03, the management strategy includes irrigation management, pest and disease control, pruning and shaping, and growth monitoring of vegetation.

[0052] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, this solution also includes topdressing the soil, which includes:

[0053] Apply topdressing to the power grid tower base area by combining biofertilizer with a preset concentration of biosource humic acid to the vegetation planted in the power grid tower base area;

[0054] Wherein, the biological fertilizer is a microbial agent, an organic fertilizer or a high-molecular organic compound fertilizer.

[0055] This solution utilizes a mixture of biogenic humic acid (HFA) and fertilizers such as urea to provide the nutrients necessary for vegetation growth. When faced with extremely poor soil or deplorable ecological environments, it is crucial to adopt an innovative approach to promoting vegetation growth. This approach involves combining HFA with fertilizers such as urea to provide key nutrients necessary for vegetation growth. HFA is a natural high-molecular organic substance that improves soil structure, increases its water retention and fertility, and promotes the development of plant roots. Urea, as a highly efficient nitrogen fertilizer, provides plants with essential nitrogen, promoting their healthy growth. This mixed application not only improves soil fertility but also ensures that vegetation receives adequate nutrition in challenging ecological environments, thereby promoting its growth and recovery. This is of great significance for improving and enhancing the quality of poor soil and deplorable ecological environments.

[0056] In addition to the above, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, this solution also includes:

[0057] According to the topography of the power grid tower base area, soil and water conservation technologies are implemented, including but not limited to slope protection, drainage system construction, erosion control and soil erosion monitoring, to reduce soil and water loss, protect soil resources and maintain ecological balance.

[0058] This program promotes soil stabilization and moisture retention by incorporating macro- and micro-level soil and water conservation techniques, such as deep tillage, mulching, and terracing. This program synergistically promotes ecological restoration by integrating HFA with macro- and micro-level soil and water conservation techniques. It also incorporates comprehensive measures to achieve soil stabilization and moisture retention, thereby further improving the ecological environment. Specifically, deep tillage, a method of deep plowing that breaks up the plow base and increases soil porosity and permeability, is implemented to increase soil water retention and reduce runoff erosion. Mulching, covering the soil surface with organic materials such as straw and grass mats, reduces the direct impact of rainwater on the soil and reduces soil erosion. The decomposition of mulch also increases soil organic matter and improves soil structure. Terracing is also incorporated into our restoration program. By constructing terraces on sloping land, they effectively slow water flow and increase the contact time between soil and water, thereby improving water infiltration and retention and reducing soil erosion. The application of these comprehensive measures not only promotes soil stability, but also helps to retain water, providing good conditions for vegetation growth, and significantly improving and enhancing the entire ecological environment.

[0059] In addition, when implementing the vegetation management strategy, this plan can implement corresponding management strategies based on the vegetation planting plan. The management strategies include but are not limited to vegetation irrigation management, pest and disease control, pruning and shaping, and growth monitoring to ensure healthy growth and rapid coverage of vegetation.

[0060] Specifically, in Plan S03, the management strategy for planted vegetation is integrated vegetation management, which includes irrigation, weed control, and regular replanting to ensure healthy vegetation growth. After completing all necessary work, the next step is to conduct meticulous and comprehensive vegetation management in areas where green vegetation restoration is needed. This includes a series of key maintenance activities to ensure the healthy growth of newly planted plants. First, irrigation is crucial for ensuring plants receive adequate water. Regular and appropriate irrigation is crucial for plant survival, especially during droughts or in water-scarce areas. Second, weed control is also an essential component of vegetation management, as weeds compete with newly planted plants for nutrients and light, hindering their growth. Therefore, regular weed control is necessary to reduce the competitive pressure on vegetation. Furthermore, regular replanting is a crucial measure to maintain vegetation coverage and ecological stability. This is especially true after natural disasters or human damage, as timely replanting can quickly restore vegetation integrity. Through these integrated management measures, healthy vegetation growth can be ensured, ultimately achieving sustainable regional ecological development.

[0061] The soil improvement and vegetation management strategy for the tower base area in this plan can be divided into three stages:

[0062] The first stage is the HFA application stage, in which the HFA application concentration and dosage are set according to the soil nutrient conditions of the tower base area to be repaired and sprinkler irrigation is carried out;

[0063] The second stage is the regular watering and maintenance stage. During this stage, personnel are assigned to water and maintain the plants in the regreening area when necessary based on local precipitation and temperature changes.

[0064] The third stage is topdressing with HFA or other biofertilizers. This step is only implemented when the soil erosion in the regreening area is serious and the soil conditions are extremely poor, in order to meet the nutritional needs of plant growth.

[0065] Among them, under normal circumstances, the soil and vegetation management strategy for the power grid tower base area only needs to complete the first phase of work to meet the greening conditions.

[0066] For some special cases, such as dry climate, water shortage or insufficient fertility, the second and third stages should be applied in a timely manner.

[0067] Based on the above, this solution also proposes a vegetation restoration method applied to the construction of power grid tower bases, which includes the above-mentioned vegetation restoration method for the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid.

[0068] Existing ecological restoration methods typically use physical, chemical, or biological methods, but these methods suffer from numerous drawbacks, including slow processing, long cycles, high costs, and potential secondary environmental pollution. In light of this, the present invention utilizes HFA as the core material, combined with specific planting patterns and seed ratios, and soil improvement measures, to rapidly improve soil quality and promote plant growth, thereby achieving rapid greening of the tower base area.

[0069] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0070] (1) This plan can accelerate the greening of disturbed areas and greatly shorten the ecological recovery period;

[0071] (2) This solution significantly reduces the environmental pollution that may be generated during the restoration process by using environmentally friendly HFA;

[0072] (3) The vegetation restored by the scheme can provide good soil and water conservation effects, effectively reducing subsequent soil loss and erosion;

[0073] (4) This scheme is highly operational and widely applicable. The planting scheme and HFA concentration used can be flexibly adjusted according to the uneven micro-topography and diverse climatic conditions to adapt to the complex topography and climate change in the power grid tower base area.

[0074] (5) Except in extremely harsh environmental conditions, this method basically does not require further vegetation maintenance after applying HFA, which greatly reduces the cost of manpower and material resources.

[0075] Furthermore, through the successful implementation of multiple case studies, this solution has not only advanced the state of the art in ecological restoration, but also provided a new solution for environmental protection and restoration efforts in power grid construction and other related fields. Furthermore, it can promote technological advancement and scientific research in areas such as ecological protection, soil science, and plant ecology. Furthermore, this invention will generate positive social benefits in promoting the sustainable development of the power industry and enhancing public welfare. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a brief technical roadmap for the vegetation restoration method of the power tower base area based on biogenic humic acid in this scheme;

[0078] Figure 2 This is a display of the greening of the tower base of the 110kV transmission project of the third phase of the Fuqing Municipal Waste Incineration Power Plant in Example 1 of this solution, which shows the aerial photography of the project area, on-site cleaning and covering;

[0079] Figure 3 This is the tower foundation site diagram in Example 1 of this solution;

[0080] Figure 4 This is a near-ground photo of the tower foundation in Example 1 of this solution (about 11 days after construction);

[0081] Figure 5 The following are the close-up photos and aerial photos of the tower foundation in Example 1 of this solution (approximately 27 days after construction);

[0082] Figure 6 1 is a comparison diagram of the tower foundation before and after restoration in Example 1 of this solution (wherein the left diagram shows the initial situation);

[0083] Figure 7 This is a demonstration of the greening of the tower base of the Fuqing Tangtou 220 kV transmission line in Example 2 of this scheme, which shows an aerial view of the project area;

[0084] Figure 8 This is the Linzhong Shangjing No. 5 Tower (satellite Figure 6 (No.) Tower base site map;

[0085] Figure 9 This is a site diagram of the No. 5 tower base at Shangjing Chengtou in Example 2 of this solution;

[0086] Figure 10 This is a photo illustration of the project site arrangement of Example 2 of this solution;

[0087] Figure 11 This is a near-ground photo of the tower foundation site in Example 2 of this solution;

[0088] Figure 12 1 is a comparison diagram before and after the tower base restoration of Example 2 of this solution;

[0089] Figure 13 This is an aerial photo of the tarpaulin and green restoration of the area where the No. 37 tower base is located in Example 3 of this plan;

[0090] Figure 14 1. It is a comparison photo illustration of the tower base before and after restoration of Example 3 of this solution;

[0091] Figure 15It is the aerial photography, on-site preparation and covering of the project area in Example 3 of this scheme;

[0092] Figure 16 1 is a comparison of photos before and after the restoration of the tower foundation of Example 3 of this solution, which are taken on the 0th, 30th, 60th and 90th days after construction;

[0093] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the fence slope protection project of Example 4 of this solution;

[0094] Figure 18 This is a side view of the woven fence slope protection in Example 4 of this solution;

[0095] Figure 19 This is a side view of the drainage ditch in Example 4 of this scheme. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0096] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is particularly noted that the following examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to be exhaustive. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0097] Combine Figure 1 As shown, this scheme is a method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid, which includes:

[0098] S01. Obtain target feature information of the power grid tower base area to be replanted with vegetation, and then construct a vegetation planting plan based on the target feature information;

[0099] S02. Pre-treating the soil in the power grid tower base area to be replanted, and then applying a preset concentration of biogenic humic acid to improve the soil;

[0100] S03. According to the vegetation planting plan, implement vegetation planting and management strategies in the power grid tower base area to be restored with vegetation after soil improvement.

[0101] As a possible implementation method, further, in this solution S01, the target feature information includes: one or more of ground location information, climate information, soil information and vegetation damage degree information; the vegetation planting plan includes the selection of vegetation types, determination of planting density, arrangement of planting time and management of vegetation growth cycle.

[0102] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S01, the vegetation types include mainly herbs, grasses, and asteraceae plants, supplemented by shrubs;

[0103] Wherein, the shrub plants include one or more of Vitex truncatum, Amorpha fruticosa, Crotalaria chinensis, Lespedeza chinensis, Rhus chinensis, Echinops paniculata, Echinops quinata, and Magnolia multiflora;

[0104] The herbaceous plants include but are not limited to: one or more of dogwood, ryegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass, kudzu, broadleaf grass, paradise grass, Achnatherum splendens, dwarf Bermuda grass, Manila grass, imported bahia grass, alkali grass, alfalfa, Chinese zoysia grass, coreopsis, cosmos, bluegrass, and albizzia.

[0105] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this solution S02, the raw materials for preparing the bio-source humic acid include at least one or more of straw, bamboo chips, rice straw residue, bamboo chips, wine residue, and rice husk;

[0106] The application amount of the biogenic humic acid is 0.8-1.2 L per square meter of land, and the mass concentration is 100-200 g / L.

[0107] As an example, the mass concentration of the biogenic humic acid in the liquid state described in this scheme is 13.8 g / L (NY / T 1971-2010), the mass concentration of organic matter is 71.3 g / L (NY / T 1976-2010), the mass concentrations of total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P2O5), and total potassium (K2O) in the total nutrients are 10.2 g / L, 2.3 g / L, and 1.5 g / L, respectively, and the pH is 4.87 (NY / T1973-2021); its total arsenic (As), total mercury (Hg), total lead (Pb), total cadmium (Cd), and total chromium (Cr) are all less than 0.1 ml / kg (Determination of mercury, arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, and nickel content in fertilizers NY / T 1978-2022), the mass fraction of chloride ion (Cl-) is 0.13% (Appendix B of GB / T15063-2020); the number of fecal coliform bacteria is less than 3 / g (GB / T 19524.1-2004), and no Ascaris eggs were detected (GB / T19524.2-2004).

[0108] The present solution is further described below with reference to a number of specific examples.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] This example provides a rapid vegetation restoration method for the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid (HFA) for the No. 1 and No. 2 tower bases of the Fuqing Municipal Waste Incineration Power Plant Phase III 110kV transmission project. This method optimizes the use of various combinations of HFA and other biofertilizers, combines soil improvement technology with iterative greening plant planting technology, promotes rapid vegetation growth, and achieves the purpose of ecological restoration. The greening work of this line project is as follows:

[0111] (1) First, a vegetation planting plan was formulated, namely, an on-site investigation and analysis of the geographical location, climatic conditions, soil type, and degree of environmental disturbance of the No. 1 and No. 2 tower bases of the third phase 110kV transmission project of the Fuqing Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Power Plant was conducted: Fuqing City is located on the southeast coast of Fujian Province, on the southern wing of Fuzhou, and its southern region is close to the Tropic of Cancer. It has a subtropical marine climate, which is warm and humid, with no extreme heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. The annual average temperature is 21.1℃. The rainy and dry seasons are distinct. Precipitation is concentrated from March to September, with relatively abundant rainfall. October to February of the following year is the dry season. Tropical cyclones (typhoons) often affect the area from July to September. The winter is short and the summer is long, warm and humid throughout the year, with a frost-free period of 326 days. The average annual sunshine hours are 1700 to 1980 hours; the average annual precipitation is 900 to 2100 mm; the average annual temperature is 16 to 20℃, and the coldest months are January and February, with an average temperature of 6 to 10℃.

[0112] The surface of Tower 1's base area is heavily rubbled, leaving little exposed soil. This requires soil addition, as well as steep side slopes. The original rocky terrain at the base of the tower is exposed, making revegetation challenging. The soil at Tower 2's base is thinner, with the underlying layer being paved with gravel. The remaining soil is of average fertility, requiring subsequent removal of the gravel and covering with soil to reduce the difficulty of revegetation. Suitable plant seeds should be selected and mixed according to geographical, climatic, and soil conditions. Generally, herbaceous and shrubs with strong adaptability and rapid growth, such as ryegrass, tall fescue, imported bahia grass, alfalfa, and coreopsis, are selected. Considering local species diversity and ecological balance, an appropriate species composition and ratio should be designed. Specific improvement plans for the remediation area will be evaluated and selected based on soil samples collected near the remediation site, including pH, organic matter content, water retention, and mechanical composition. For the yellow-red soil at the power grid tower base area, appropriate slow-release compound fertilizers and mechanical improvement methods will be used to promote soil aeration and improve soil structure.

[0113] (2) Pre-treat the soil in the area where vegetation restoration is to be carried out. Mix HFA with water in a ratio of 1:5 and spray it evenly on the surface of the soil to be restored. Use about 1 liter of HFA solution per square meter to improve the soil in this way. HFA can effectively improve the soil's water retention capacity and the retention time of nutrients, thereby providing a good soil environment for vegetation growth.

[0114] (3) Plant selected herbs and shrubs with strong adaptability and fast growth characteristics (ryegrass, tall fescue, imported bahia grass, alfalfa, coreopsis, etc.) on the pretreated soil. Then implement appropriate vegetation management strategies, that is, regularly monitor the growth of plants on the 0th, 11th, and 27th days after planting, and determine whether replanting or topdressing is needed to ensure the healthy and sustainable growth of vegetation. Focus on areas with slow growth or poor growth, and ensure vegetation coverage by adjusting fertilizer and water management or increasing replanting.

[0115] (4) When topdressing is required, biofertilizers can be used, such as HFA mixed with chemical fertilizers such as urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, to provide the nutrient needs of vegetation. The fertilizer mixing ratio needs to be determined based on soil test results and plant growth requirements. This not only provides the primary and secondary nutrients required for plant growth, but also enhances soil microbial activity, promoting better vegetation growth.

[0116] (5) Applying macro- and micro-soil and water conservation technologies, through on-site surveys, the project requires greening mainly in the temporary area, the tower base platform, and the side slope (with a slope of approximately 45 degrees), with average slope stability. The existing surface of the tower base is very thin, with exposed stone surfaces on the side slope. Based on the on-site survey and actual project conditions, the pilot tower base mainly uses artificial parallel trench planting and greening technology, with a certain amount of soil import and eco-bags used in some areas.

[0117] After conducting field research on the topographical features, original vegetation, engineering-disturbed vegetation, and soil status of the tower base area, the inventors collected soil samples (including exogenous soil) at multiple locations in the tower base area, measured soil physical and chemical parameters, and calculated the regreening area using GIS. Based on the physical and chemical property results and the total regreening area, and taking into account key factors such as soil type, hydrothermal conditions, and fertility, the inventors utilized the remaining soil from the construction process and added HFA to improve the soil physical and chemical properties. In combination with the growth cycles of different types of plants and their respective positions in the ecological chain, the inventors implemented a composite configuration from the perspectives of vegetation community and species selection, and the combination and replacement of different plant diversity to achieve the effect of spontaneous replacement in the later stage, thus carrying out comprehensive ecological restoration of the tower base area. After determining the regreening plan, the construction team carried out construction work on the two towers. First, the slopes of the original tower base area were cleaned, mainly to clean up the loose layer and debris to make it smooth, and to break up the soil clods to make them uniform planting soil. Tools were used to organize the overall soil surface and add soil in a small area. After finishing, trenches are constructed according to the actual conditions of the construction area. Grass seeds and other materials are manually mixed according to the ratio, evenly sprinkled on the surface, and then HFA with adjusted concentration is sprayed to complete the relevant work of on-site vegetation restoration.

[0118] After the above steps of treatment and maintenance, the vegetation in the power tower base area can be quickly restored in a relatively short period of time, which not only improves the ecological function of the area, but also provides a good natural environment for local residents. Figures 2 to 6 The grass seed mix used in this project includes two parts of the following components: 20 parts of ryegrass, 20 parts of tall fescue, 20 parts of imported bahia grass, 7 parts of alfalfa, 7 parts of coreopsis, 6 parts of albizzia, and 20 parts of broadleaf grass.

[0119] Example 2

[0120] This embodiment targets the No. 5 and No. 6 tower bases of the Fuqing Tangtou 220kV transmission line, and uses a rapid vegetation restoration method based on biogenic humic acid (HFA) of the present invention to repair the ecological environment thereof, promote rapid vegetation growth, and achieve the purpose of ecological restoration.

[0121] (1) Formulation of vegetation planting plan: Fuqing is located near the Tropic of Cancer to the south and has a subtropical marine climate with a significant monsoon climate. It is warm and humid, with no extreme heat in summer and no extreme cold in winter. The annual average temperature is 19℃~25℃. The average temperature in the coldest month, January, is around 16℃, and the average temperature in the hottest month, July, is around 34℃. Fuqing has abundant precipitation, with an average annual precipitation of about 1770mm. It has distinct rainy and dry seasons. Rainfall is concentrated in March to September, with relatively abundant rainfall. October to February of the following year is the dry season, and typhoons often affect July to September. March to April is the spring rain season, with frequent spring cold weather. May to June is the plum rain season, with continuous rain and frequent thunderstorms. Heavy rain and rainstorms often occur during the peak of the plum rain season. July is controlled by the subtropical high pressure, with mainly sunny and hot weather and reduced precipitation, but it can also be affected by typhoons and produce rainstorms. In August and September, the influence of typhoons increases, and precipitation increases again. October-February of the following year is the dry season, is affected by cold air, is often accompanied by short-term precipitation, and overall rainfall is not much. Fuqing is located in the southeast of the Wuyishan uplift fold belt of the new Cathaysia tectonic system, connects with the Nanling latitudinal tectonic belt, is close to the mountain and the sea, and the terrain tilts from northwest to southeast, and the geological structure is very complex, and the landform is composed of land, peninsula and islands, mainly low mountains and hills, and there are many rocks, and the rainwater erosion of monsoon rain and typhoon rain aggravates soil erosion. The tower base in the present embodiment is located in Tangtou Village, Longshan Street, is affiliated to Fuqing City, Fujian Province, is located in the eastern part of Fuqing City, faces Duanchen in the east, and is adjacent to Xiangfeng Village and Beidian Village in the northwest and southwest.

[0122] On-site conditions at Tower Base No. 5 show that vegetation has begun to grow spontaneously, but the soil is thin and its fertility is initially judged to be fair. The soil is also mixed with gravel, which can be cleaned later to reduce the difficulty of reforestation. On-site conditions at Tower Base No. 6 show that the gravel is large and abundant, with relatively little exposed soil, requiring additional soil. The steep side slopes also make reforestation of the exposed sections of the high and low legs of the scaffolding difficult. The construction access road is heavily graveled, with soil retained at the bottom and native vegetation around it.

[0123] (2) Pre-treat the soil in the area to be replanted. Construct trenches based on the actual conditions of the construction area, mix HFA with water in a ratio of 1:5, and evenly spray it on the surface of the soil to be replanted. Use about 1 liter of HFA solution per square meter to improve the soil in this way.

[0124] (3) After manually mixing grass seeds and other materials according to the ratio, sprinkle them evenly on the soil surface, and then spray the prepared concentration of high-molecular organic matter.

[0125] (4) Implementation of vegetation management strategies: Regularly monitor the growth of plants on days 0, 11, and 27 after planting to determine whether replanting or topdressing is needed to ensure healthy and sustainable growth of vegetation. Focus on areas with slow or poor growth and ensure vegetation coverage by adjusting fertilizer and water management or increasing replanting.

[0126] (5) Application of macro- and micro-soil and water conservation technologies: After conducting field research on the topographical features of the tower base area, the original vegetation, the vegetation disturbed by the project, and the current status of the soil, the research team collected soil samples (including exogenous soil) at multiple locations in the tower base area, measured the soil physical and chemical properties, and calculated the greening area through GIS.

[0127] Based on the physical and chemical properties and the total regreening area, and taking into account key factors such as soil type, hydrothermal conditions, and fertility, the team utilized excess soil from the construction process and added high-molecular organic matter to improve the soil's physical and chemical properties. Taking into account the growth cycles of different plant types and their respective positions in the ecological chain, a comprehensive configuration was developed, focusing on the selection of vegetation communities and species, and the combination and rotation of different plant diversity to achieve the effect of spontaneous succession in the later stages, thus carrying out comprehensive ecological restoration of the tower base area. After finalizing the regreening plan, the construction team began construction on the two tower bases. First, the slopes of the original tower base area were cleaned, primarily removing loose layers and debris to smooth them. The soil clods were broken up to form a uniform planting soil. Mechanical tools were used to smooth the entire soil surface and add soil to small areas.

[0128] According to the actual survey, after the thatch was removed, the restoration of the two towers was basically completed. The greening project lasted about 28 days, and the vegetation coverage exceeded 90%, and the plant growth trend was good. For details, see Figures 7 to 12 The grass seed mix used in this project is as follows: 20 parts of ryegrass, 20 parts of tall fescue, 20 parts of imported bahia grass, 7 parts of alfalfa, 7 parts of coreopsis, 6 parts of albizzia, and 20 parts of broadleaf grass.

[0129] Example 3

[0130] This embodiment targets tower bases 37 and 42 of the 110 kV line project of the Huangshanzhaixi-Kuzhuxi T-connected Jinqiao substation in Anhui Province, and uses a rapid vegetation restoration method in the tower base area based on biogenic humic acid (HFA) of the present invention to restore the ecological environment, promote rapid vegetation growth, and achieve the purpose of ecological restoration.

[0131] (1) Formulation of vegetation planting plan: Huangshan, Anhui Province, is located in the southern part of Anhui Province, China, between 29°26' and 30°10' north latitude and 117°02' and 118°55' east longitude. It belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone. Huangshan has a mild and humid climate with distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature is around 15℃. The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is about 3℃, and the average temperature in July, the hottest month, is about 28℃. Huangshan has abundant rainfall, with an average annual rainfall of about 1700mm. The rainy season is mainly concentrated from May to August, of which June to July is the plum rain season, with continuous rain and frequent thunderstorms. September to October is autumn, and the rainfall gradually decreases, but it is still affected by typhoons. November to April of the following year is the dry season. Under the influence of cold air, it is often accompanied by short-term rainfall, and the overall rainfall is not much. Huangshan is located in the western part of the Jiangnan Uplift of the Neocatenosis tectonic system. Its geological structure is complex, and its landform is dominated by mountains, with numerous peaks and numerous rock formations. Huangshan's main peak, Lotus Peak, stands at 1,864 meters above sea level, making it one of the highest peaks in East China. The Huangshan region slopes from northwest to southeast, and its geological structure is highly complex. Its landforms are composed of mountains, hills, and basins, primarily granite. Monsoon and typhoon rains scour the land, exacerbating soil erosion. Huangshan, nestled between mountains and rivers, boasts a rugged terrain and a highly complex geological structure. Its landforms are composed of mountains, hills, and basins, primarily granite. Monsoon and typhoon rains scour the landforms, exacerbating soil erosion.

[0132] Judging from the on-site conditions, both the No. 37 and No. 42 tower bases of the project have the following conditions: the soil texture in the tower base area is mainly sandy or gravelly, with weak water and fertilizer retention capacity; the soil is relatively poor, with a low organic matter content and basically no vegetation cover. Suitable plant seeds should be selected and mixed planting should be carried out according to geographical and climatic conditions and soil conditions. Generally speaking, in the design of species configuration, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the local species diversity and ecosystem stability, and construct a multi-level and multifunctional plant community structure through scientific proportioning to maximize ecological benefits. This embodiment selects herbaceous and shrub species with strong stress resistance, fast growth and soil and water conservation functions, such as ryegrass, tall fescue, imported bahia grass, red fescue, marigold, etc.

[0133] (2) Application of macro- and micro-soil and water conservation technologies: In the process of formulating the soil improvement plan, it is necessary to systematically sample and analyze the soil in the area to be repaired, and measure key physical and chemical indicators, including soil pH, organic matter content, water holding capacity, and mechanical composition. Based on this, the current status of the soil is assessed and targeted repair strategies are determined. In this embodiment, based on the typical yellow-red soil characteristics of the power grid tower base area, HFA is used to spray the areas to be regreened at the two tower bases to optimize nutrient supply. At the same time, mechanical improvement measures (such as deep loosening and tillage) are combined to enhance soil aeration and structure, thereby creating good site conditions for plant growth.

[0134] (3) Implementation of vegetation management strategies: After the vegetation is planted, its growth status needs to be regularly monitored and growth indicators evaluated to determine the need for replanting or topdressing to ensure the health and sustainable growth of the vegetation. For areas with slow growth or poor performance, key management and protection measures will be implemented to ensure a steady increase in vegetation coverage through optimized water and fertilizer management or replanting measures.

[0135] According to the actual situation, after the thatch was removed, the restoration of the two towers was basically completed. The greening project lasted about 30 days, and the vegetation coverage exceeded 85%, and the plant growth trend was good. For details, see Figures 13 to 16 The grass seed mix used in this project is as follows: 27 parts of ryegrass, 7 parts of bermudagrass, 9 parts of white clover, 15 parts of bluegrass, 27 parts of tall fescue, 3 parts of red fescue, 3 parts of bahiagrass, and 9 parts of calendula.

[0136] Example 4

[0137] Combine Figures 17 to 19 As shown, this embodiment provides a soil and water conservation technology suitable for exposed slopes with loose topsoil and large slopes. This technology is a fence slope protection project, which includes a slope with plants ①, drainage ditch ②, fence structure ③, steel bars ④, non-woven fabric ⑤, non-woven fabric ⑥, and a main drainage ditch ⑦. Figure 16-18 , the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0138] (1) On the slope, a fence structure ③ with a height of 20 cm is set up every 70 cm. The structure is designed to intercept runoff sediment from the uphill slope.

[0139] (2) The fence structure ③ is composed of two layers of material, the outer layer is non-woven fabric ⑥, and the inner layer is fence structure ③. The outer layer of non-woven fabric ⑥ is penetrated by the steel bars ④ connected to the fence structure ③ and buried in the soil, so that the non-woven fabric ⑥ is stably wrapped around the outside of the fence structure ③. This structural design is intended to enhance the stability and durability of the fence structure ③ and further reduce soil erosion on the slope.

[0140] (3) The fence structure ③ is fixed to the slope surface by steel bars ④ to ensure its stability under various environmental conditions.

[0141] (4) A drainage ditch ② with a bottom width of 20 cm is set between the fence structure ③ and the slope ① planted with plants. A non-woven fabric ⑤ is set above the drainage ditch ②. One end of the non-woven fabric ⑤ is connected to the soil, and the other end is penetrated by the steel bar ④ connected to the fence structure ③ and buried in the soil. The function of the drainage ditch is to guide the intercepted runoff and discharge it into the downstream drainage ditch, while reducing soil and water loss on the slope.

[0142] (5) Finally, suitable plants are planted on the slope. These plants not only help beautify the environment, but also further enhance the stability of the slope and prevent soil erosion.

[0143] Through the above steps, the soil and water conservation technology of the present invention can effectively protect the slope from erosion, and at the same time achieve environmental beautification and ecological protection through the planting of plants.

[0144] Through the introduction of the above-mentioned multiple embodiments, it can be seen that the repair method of the present invention is flexible in application and highly adaptable. It can formulate appropriate repair plans based on the characteristics of different environments in the power grid tower base area to achieve efficient and convenient ecological restoration effects.

[0145] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid, characterized in that: It includes: S01. Obtain target feature information of the power grid tower base area to be replanted with vegetation, and then construct a vegetation planting plan based on the target feature information; S02. Pre-treating the soil in the power grid tower base area to be replanted, and then applying a preset concentration of biogenic humic acid to improve the soil; S03. According to the vegetation planting plan, implement vegetation planting and management strategies in the power grid tower base area to be restored with vegetation after soil improvement.

2. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S01, the target feature information includes: one or more of ground location information, climate information, soil information and vegetation damage degree information; the vegetation planting plan includes the selection of vegetation types, determination of planting density, arrangement of planting time and management of vegetation growth cycle.

3. The method for vegetation restoration in the power tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S01, the vegetation types include mainly herbs, grasses, and Asteraceae plants, supplemented by shrubs; Wherein, the shrub plants include one or more of Vitex truncatum, Amorpha fruticosa, Crotalaria chinensis, Lespedeza chinensis, Rhus chinensis, Echinops paniculata, Echinops quinata, and Magnolia multiflora; The herbaceous plants include but are not limited to: one or more of dogwood, ryegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass, kudzu, broadleaf grass, paradise grass, Achnatherum splendens, dwarf Bermuda grass, Manila grass, imported bahia grass, alkali grass, alfalfa, Chinese zoysia grass, coreopsis, cosmos, bluegrass, and albizzia.

4. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S02, the soil in the power grid tower base area to be restored with vegetation is pretreated, including soil tillage, soil disinfection, soil pH adjustment and soil structure improvement, in order to create a soil environment suitable for vegetation growth.

5. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preprocessing described in S02 further includes one of the following: (1) By adding lime or gypsum as a mineral amendment to the soil; (2) by applying organic fertilizers to the soil; (3) Planting green manure crops on the soil; (4) Constructing terraces or slope protection as soil conservation and improvement structures; (5) Adding sand or clay to the soil; (6) Construct soil drainage and irrigation systems in pre-set soil areas; (7) Leaching and planting salt-tolerant plants to improve saline-alkali soil; (8) Inoculate beneficial microorganisms into the soil.

6. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S02, the raw materials for preparing the biogenic humic acid include at least one of straw, bamboo chips, rice straw residue, bamboo chips, wine residue, and rice husks; The application amount of the biogenic humic acid is 0.8-1.2 L per square meter of land, and the mass concentration is 100-200 g / L.

7. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S03, the management strategy includes irrigation management, pest and disease control, pruning and shaping, and growth monitoring of vegetation.

8. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes: Apply topdressing to the power grid tower base area by combining biofertilizer with a preset concentration of biosource humic acid to the vegetation planted in the power grid tower base area; Wherein, the biological fertilizer is a microbial agent, an organic fertilizer or a high-molecular organic compound fertilizer.

9. The method for vegetation restoration in the power grid tower base area based on biogenic humic acid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes: According to the topography of the power grid tower base area, soil and water conservation technologies are implemented, including but not limited to slope protection, drainage system construction, erosion control and soil erosion monitoring, to reduce soil and water loss, protect soil resources and maintain ecological balance.

10. A vegetation restoration method applied to power grid tower foundation construction, characterized in that: The method comprises the biogenic humic acid-based vegetation restoration method for power grid tower base areas according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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