Porous moisture-sensitive member, humidity sensor, and breath detection system

Abstract

The present invention makes it possible to provide a novel porous moisture-sensitive member for use in a humidity sensor, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member contains a resin base material and an inorganic filler, the porous moisture-sensitive member includes surface holes and interior holes, the average pore size of the surface holes is 0.1 μm or more, and the porous moisture-sensitive member for use in a humidity sensor can be used to obtain a humidity sensor exhibiting suitable sensitivity and responsiveness. The present invention also makes it possible to provide a humidity sensor and a breathing detection system in which the porous moisture-sensitive member is used.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a porous moisture-sensitive member and a humidity sensor and a breath detection system including the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Humidity sensors are used in a wide range of applications, including printers, air conditioners, air purifiers, microwave ovens, automotive applications, etc. In recent years, with the evolution of IoT technology, there is a growing need to monitor not only physical information such as position and speed, but also chemical information such as temperature, humidity, and gas.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses that a humidity sensor having a moisture-sensitive part made of potassium fluoride on the surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene porous body has the advantages of excellent heat resistance, resistance to dirt, easy maintenance, and low electrical resistance.

[0004] Patent Document 2 describes an example of respiration detection using a millimeter wave sensor, and discloses that respiration can be detected by analyzing the vibration components caused by breathing when millimeter waves are applied to a person's abdomen from a sensing unit attached to a washbasin.

[0005] Patent document 3 describes a method for detecting sleep apnea syndrome using a humidity sensor, and discloses that by placing a humidity sensor near the subject's oral cavity (e.g., around the mouth, between the mouth and nose) and measuring humidity changes due to breathing, it is possible to detect the breathing condition during sleep. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1-129151 [Patent Document 2] JP 2005-270570 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2005-270570 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The humidity sensor in Patent Document 1 uses porous polytetrafluoroethylene with a specific surface treated with potassium fluoride, but no consideration has been given to its internal structure or porosity. In recent years, with the evolution of IoT technology, the applications of humidity sensors have expanded, and there is a demand for further improvement in the performance of humidity sensors, particularly in terms of sensitivity, responsiveness, and other performance. Conventionally, polymer materials have generally been used as the moisture-sensing member in humidity sensors, and the effects of adding inorganic fillers to the moisture-sensing member on sensor characteristics and the effects of the porosity of the moisture-sensing member have not been fully considered.

[0008] The respiration detection using a millimeter wave sensor in Patent Document 2 uses minute vibration components of the abdomen caused by breathing, so if the subject moves or vibrates for some reason, these vibrations become noise components and respiration cannot be measured accurately. Furthermore, even if Patent Document 2 can measure the respiration rate, it is difficult to measure the shape of the respiration.

[0009] In the method of detecting breathing by placing a humidity sensor near the oral cavity of a subject (for example, around the mouth or between the mouth and nose) in Patent Document 3, the sensor needs to be placed near the oral cavity, and there is a problem that a member is required to fix the sensor near the oral cavity in order to detect breathing. In addition, it is troublesome to place the sensor and the member for fixing it near the oral cavity. In addition, with conventional humidity sensors, it is difficult to measure the respiratory rate because the response speed of the sensor is slow.

[0010] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a novel moisture-sensitive member for use in a humidity sensor exhibiting good sensitivity and responsiveness, and a humidity sensor and a respiration detection system using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] One aspect of the present disclosure is as follows. (1) A porous moisture-sensitive member for a humidity sensor, comprising: the porous moisture-sensitive member includes a resin matrix and an inorganic filler; The porous moisture-sensitive member includes surface pores and internal pores, and the average pore size of the surface pores is 0.1 μm or more; Porous moisture material. (2) A humidity sensor, A first electrode; A second electrode; the porous moisture-sensitive member of (1) provided between the first electrode and the second electrode; A humidity sensor comprising: (3) A breath detection system for detecting breathing of a subject; The humidity sensor (2) above is placed within the spherical region; A breath detection system, wherein the sphere has a center at the source of the subject's breath and a radius of 100 cm or less. Effect of the Invention

[0012] The humidity sensor comprising the porous moisture-sensitive member of the present disclosure exhibits good sensitivity and responsiveness.

[0013] The humidity sensor of the present disclosure exhibits good sensitivity and responsiveness and can be suitably used for respiration detection. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] 1 shows the correlation between the amount of Ni filler contained in a moisture-sensitive film (porous moisture-sensitive member) and the sensitivity (upper graph) or responsiveness (lower graph) of a humidity sensor in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] 1 shows a surface SEM image of a moisture-sensitive film in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] 1 shows the correlation between the amount of tetraglyme used in the humidity sensitive film and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 shows a correlation between the amount of surfactant used in forming a humidity-sensitive film and the sensitivity of a humidity sensor in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 1 shows a cross-sectional SEM image of a moisture sensitive film in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 shows a correlation between the average pore size of the surface pores of the moisture-sensitive film and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 shows a correlation between the amount of CCTO filler contained in the moisture-sensitive film and the dielectric constant of the porous moisture-sensitive member in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 shows a correlation between the amount of CCTO filler contained in a moisture-sensitive film and the sensitivity of a humidity sensor in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9A] 1 shows measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9B] 1 shows a Fourier transform result of measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 shows a schematic diagram of the area (cone A area) where a humidity sensor is placed in a breath detection system in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] 1 shows a schematic diagram of the area (cone B area) where a humidity sensor is placed in a breath detection system in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] 1 shows a schematic diagram of the area (cone C area) where a humidity sensor is placed in a breath detection system in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] 1 shows measurement data and Fourier transform results in a respiratory detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21A] 1 shows measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21B] 1 shows measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21C] 1 shows measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22] 1 shows the correlation between temperature and humidity and time when the air conditioner is blowing directly and when the air conditioner is not blowing directly in one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 23] 1 shows measurement data in a respiratory detection system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0015] Hereinafter, a porous moisture-sensitive member, a humidity sensor, and the like according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings as necessary. However, more detailed explanation than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed explanation of already well-known matters or duplicate explanation of substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessary redundancy in the explanation and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0016] The applicant provides the accompanying drawings and the following description to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure, and does not intend to limit the subject matter described in the claims. Note that various elements in the drawings are merely shown as schematic and illustrative elements for the understanding of the present disclosure, and the appearance, dimensional ratio, etc. may differ from the actual objects.

[0017] In this specification, the porous moisture-sensitive member may be abbreviated simply as the moisture-sensitive member, and the humidity sensor may be abbreviated simply as the humidity sensor.

[0018] <Porous moisture material> The porous moisture-sensing member of the present disclosure is suitable for use in a humidity sensor. In this specification, the term "member" refers to an object that constitutes a humidity sensor, and can be rephrased as "material," "part," "portion," "component," etc.

[0019] The porous moisture-sensitive member in the present disclosure includes a resin matrix and an inorganic filler. The porous moisture-sensitive member is a so-called composite material, and has a composite porous structure in which inorganic filler is dispersed in a porous resin matrix network. By using the porous moisture-sensitive member in the present disclosure as the moisture-sensitive member of a humidity sensor, water molecules can easily enter and leave the moisture-sensitive member, thereby realizing high-speed response (high-speed response and / or high-speed recovery). In addition, it is believed that the use of the porous moisture-sensitive member in the present disclosure increases the amount of adsorbed water molecules and improves the sensor sensitivity.

[0020] [Shape of porous moisture-sensitive material, etc.] The shape of the porous moisture-sensing member depends on the structure of the humidity sensor used, but is usually in the form of a film or sheet. The thickness of the porous moisture-sensing member may be 0.5 μm or more, 1 μm or more, 2.5 μm or more, 5 μm or more, or 10 μm or more, and is preferably 1 μm or more. The thickness of the porous moisture-sensing member may be 1000 μm or less, 500 μm or less, 100 μm or less, 50 μm or less, 10 μm or less, or 5 μm or less, and is preferably 50 μm or less. The above range is suitable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor.

[0021] [porosity] The porous moisture-sensitive member in the present disclosure contains a large number of holes (voids). It is preferable that the holes are distributed throughout the porous moisture-sensitive member, and the porous moisture-sensitive member preferably contains not only surface holes but also internal holes. The "surface holes" refer to holes that are open to the outside of the porous moisture-sensitive member on the surface of the porous moisture-sensitive member. The "internal holes" refer to holes that exist inside the porous moisture-sensitive member and do not open to the outside of the porous moisture-sensitive member. The internal holes may be flat in the horizontal direction. In addition, the internal holes may be connected to adjacent holes (note that even if a hole directly or indirectly communicates with a surface hole, it is an internal hole as long as it does not open directly to the outside of the porous moisture-sensitive member). By being porous, many water molecules are easily adsorbed to the moisture-sensitive member, and the change in the physical properties of the moisture-sensitive member due to a change in humidity becomes large, and the sensitivity can be improved. By including surface holes and internal holes, the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor can be improved.

[0022] (average diameter of surface pores) The average pore size of the surface pores may be 0.1 μm or more, 0.5 μm or more, 1 μm or more, 3 μm or more, or 5 μm or more, and is preferably 1 μm or more. The average pore size of the surface pores may be 50 μm or less, 25 μm or less, 10 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 2.5 μm or less, 1.2 μm or less, 0.6 μm or less, or 0.2 μm or less. The average pore size of the surface pores may be 1 / 2 or less, 1 / 3 or less, 1 / 4 or less, or 1 / 5 or less of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensitive member from the viewpoint of adhesion to the substrate. The above range is preferable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. The large pore size makes it easier for water molecules to enter and exit, improving the responsiveness, and the water molecules can be adsorbed in multiple layers on the pore surface, improving the sensitivity. The average pore size of the surface pores can be determined by observation with a microscope. The surface of the porous moisture-sensitive member is observed with a microscope, and the longest diameter of each surface pore observed can be regarded as the pore size of each surface pore. The pore diameters of all surface pores present within the field of view are measured, and then the field of view is moved and the pore diameters are measured again. This process is repeated, and the average value for 100 or more pores is taken as the average surface pore diameter.

[0023] (Surface pore density) The density of surface pores having a pore size of 0.1 μm or more (the pore size may be 1 / 2 or less, 1 / 3 or less, 1 / 4 or less, or 1 / 5 or less of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensing member, or 10 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 2.5 μm or less, or 1 μm or less, and particularly 10 μm or less or 5 μm or less) is 1 pore / 100 μm 2 More than 5 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 10 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 50 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 100 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 250 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 500 pieces / 100μm 2 or more, or 750 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 50 pieces / 100 μm is preferable. 2 More than 250 pieces / 100μm is more preferable. 2 The density of surface pores having a pore size of 0.1 μm or more (the pore size may be 1 / 2 or less, 1 / 3 or less, 1 / 4 or less, or 1 / 5 or less of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensing member, or 10 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 2.5 μm or less, or 1 μm or less, and is particularly 10 μm or less or 5 μm or less) is 2500 pores / 100 μm. 2 Below, 1000 pieces / 100μm 2 Below, 500 pieces / 100μm 2 Below, 250 pieces / 100μm 2 or less than 100 pieces / 100μm 2 The above range is preferable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. The larger pore size allows water molecules to easily enter and exit, improving the responsiveness, and the water molecules can be adsorbed in multiple layers on the pore surface, improving the sensitivity. The density of the surface pores is at least 100 μm in a visual field. 2 It can be determined by measuring the density of surface pores from a microscopic image of the surface of the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0024] (hole cross section) It is preferable that a cross section of a hole exists in any cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member. The cross section may be a cross section in the thickness direction (vertical cross section). The cross-sectional diameter of the cross section of the hole that exists may be 0.1 μm or more, 0.5 μm or more, 1 μm or more, 2 μm or more, 3 μm or more, 4 μm or more, or 5 μm or more, and is preferably 1 μm or more. The cross-sectional diameter of the cross section of the hole that exists may be 2 / 3 or less, 1 / 2 or less, or 50 μm or less, 25 μm or less, 10 μm or less, 7.5 μm or less, or 5 μm or less, and is preferably 10 μm or less, of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensitive member. The above range is preferable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. The large pore diameter makes it easier for water molecules to enter and exit, improving the responsiveness, and the water molecules can be adsorbed in multiple layers on the pore surface, improving the sensitivity. The cross-sectional diameter of the cross section of the hole in the cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member can be determined by microscope observation. The cross-section of the hole is observed under a microscope, and the longest diameter of each observed cross-section of the hole can be regarded as the cross-sectional diameter of each hole. Methods for cross-section observation include embedding the porous moisture-sensitive material vertically in epoxy resin, mechanically polishing the embedded surface, and then observing it with a SEM (scanning electron microscope), or using a FIB (focused ion beam) device to cut out a sample for observation so that the cross-section of the porous moisture-sensitive material can be seen, and observing the cross-section with a SEM (scanning electron microscope).

[0025] (Density of hole cross section) In any cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member, the density of cross sections of holes having a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more (the cross-sectional diameter may be 2 / 3 or less, 1 / 2 or less, 10 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 2.5 μm or less, or 1 μm or less of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensitive member, and is particularly 10 μm or less) is 10 / 100 μm. 2 More than 20 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 30 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 40 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 50 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 60 pieces / 100μm 2 or more than 70 pieces / 100μm 2 More than 50 pieces / 100μm 2In the cross section of the porous moisture-sensing member, the density of the cross sections of holes having a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more (the cross-sectional diameter may be 2 / 3 or less, 1 / 2 or less, 10 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 2.5 μm or less, or 1 μm or less of the thickness of the porous moisture-sensing member, and is particularly 10 μm or less) is 100 holes / 100 μm. 2 Below, 90 pieces / 100μm 2 Below, 80 pieces / 100μm 2 Less than or equal to 70 pieces / 100μm 2 or less. The cross section may be a cross section in the thickness direction (vertical cross section). The above range is preferable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. A large pore size allows water molecules to easily enter and exit, improving responsiveness, and water molecules can be adsorbed in multiple layers on the pore surface, improving sensitivity. The density of the pore cross section should be at least 100 μm in a visual field. 2 It can be determined by measuring the density of the cross section of the pores in the cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0026] (specific surface area) The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive material is 0.1 m 2 / g or more, 0.5m 2 / g or more, 1m 2 / g or more, 2m 2 / g or more, 3m 2 / g or more, 5m 2 / g or more, or 7.5m 2 The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member may be 50 m 2 / g or less, 20m 2 / g or less, 10m 2 / g or less, 5m 2 / g or less, 2m 2 / g or less, or 1.5m 2 / g or less, preferably 2m 2 / g or less. The above range is suitable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. The specific surface area can be determined by the BET method.

[0027] (Porosity) The porosity of the porous moisture-sensitive member may be 5% by volume or more, 10% by volume or more, 20% by volume or more, 30% by volume or more, 40% by volume or more, or 50% by volume or more, 60% by volume or more, 70% by volume or more, 80% by volume or more, or 90% by volume or more, preferably 10% by volume or more or 30% by volume or more, more preferably 60% by volume or more. The porosity of the porous moisture-sensitive member may be 99% by volume or less, 90% by volume or less, 80% by volume or less, 70% by volume or less, 60% by volume or less, 50% by volume or less, 40% by volume or less, or 30% by volume or less, preferably 90% by volume or less. The above range is suitable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. The large porosity makes it easier for water molecules to enter and exit, improving the responsiveness of the humidity sensor, and the sensitivity can be improved because water molecules can be multilayer adsorbed on the pore surface. The porosity is defined as the ratio of the volume of pores to the total volume of the porous moisture-sensitive member, and can be determined by optical methods, water evaporation methods, SEM image observation, Archimedes' method, and the like.

[0028] [Dielectric constant] The dielectric constant of the porous moisture-sensitive member may be 1.2 or more, 1.4 or more, 1.6 or more, 1.8 or more, 2.0 or more, 2.2 or more, 2.4 or more, 2.7 or more, 3.0 or more, or 3.3 or more, and the higher the dielectric constant, the better. The dielectric constant of the porous moisture-sensitive member may be 100 or less, 80 or less, 60 or less, 40 or less, 20 or less, 10 or less, 7.5 or less, or 5.0 or less. The above range is preferable from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor. It is considered that the higher the dielectric constant of the porous moisture-sensitive member, the more water molecules can be adsorbed, and the greater the change in the physical properties of the moisture-sensitive member due to the change in humidity, which can improve the sensitivity.

[0029] [Resin base material] The resin matrix may be a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or a combination thereof. The resin matrix may be a homopolymer, a copolymer such as a star block copolymer, a graft copolymer, an alternating block copolymer, a random copolymer, an ionomer, a dendrimer, or the like. Examples of the resin matrix include polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyurethane, polyether, polyetherimide, polyetherketone, polycarbonate, polyester, polyacrylic, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl halide, polysiloxane, modified cellulose, or the like, and specific examples include aromatic polyimide, aromatic polyamideimide, aromatic polyamide, aromatic polyether, polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), vinyl crotonate, or the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0030] The resin base material may be highly hygroscopic from the viewpoint of enhancing the interaction with water molecules of the porous moisture-sensing member and improving the sensitivity and responsiveness of the humidity sensor, and may be, for example, a resin that contains highly polar groups such as amide groups, imide groups, amino groups, carboxy groups, hydroxy groups, phosphate groups, sulfonic acid groups, nitrile groups, etc. in the repeating units, particularly groups that can form hydrogen bonds, and may be a resin that particularly contains amide groups or imide groups.

[0031] (Amount of resin base material) The amount of the resin matrix may be 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, or 70% by weight or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member. The amount of the resin matrix may be 99% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, or 30% by weight or less, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0032] The amount of the resin matrix may be 5% by volume or more, 10% by volume or more, 15% by volume or more, 20% by volume or more, 25% by volume or more, 30% by volume or more, or 50% by volume or more, preferably 20% by volume or more, relative to the porous moisture-sensitive member. The amount of the resin matrix may be 75% by volume or less, 60% by volume or less, 50% by volume or less, 40% by volume or less, 30% by volume or less, 20% by volume or less, or 10% by volume or less, relative to the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0033] [Inorganic filler] The inorganic filler may be particulate (spherical, flake-like, plate-like, etc.). The average particle size of the inorganic filler may be 50 nm or more, 100 nm or more, 300 nm or more, 500 nm or more, or 1000 nm or more. The average particle size of the inorganic filler may be 10,000 nm or less, 5,000 nm or less, 3,000 nm or less, 1000 nm or less, or 500 nm or less. The average particle size of the inorganic filler can be determined by observation with a microscope. The inorganic filler is observed with a microscope, and the longest diameter of the inorganic filler observed can be regarded as the particle size of each inorganic filler. The particle sizes of all inorganic fillers present within the field of view are measured, and the field of view is moved to measure the particle size again, and the average value is taken as the average particle size of the inorganic filler particles.

[0034] Examples of inorganic fillers include ceramic fillers and metal fillers. Examples of ceramic fillers include oxide fillers such as silica, alumina, mica, talc, titania, titanates (potassium titanate, barium titanate, bismuth titanate, magnesium titanate, etc.), zirconia, zirconates, zinc oxide, iron oxide, and ferrite; hydroxide fillers such as aluminum hydroxide and hydroxyapatite; carbide fillers such as silicon carbide, aluminum carbide, and calcium carbide; nitride fillers such as silicon nitride and aluminum nitride; carbonate fillers such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate; sulfate fillers such as barium sulfate and aluminum sulfate; phosphate fillers such as calcium phosphate and aluminum phosphate; halide fillers such as aluminum fluoride, carbon fluoride, and fluorite; carbon fillers such as carbon black, graphite, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. Examples of metal fillers include aluminum, silver, copper, iron, nickel, zinc, stainless steel, brass, and alloys containing these. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0035] The inorganic filler may be a material having a dipole moment such as a ferroelectric or a material having oxygen vacancies. The inorganic filler may include a high dielectric material. The dielectric constant of the high dielectric material at 25° C. and 1 kHz may be 5 or more, 10 or more, 100 or more, 500 or more, or 1000 or more. Such inorganic fillers include barium titanate (BaTiO3), strontium titanate (SrTiO3), barium strontium titanate, lanthanum doped manganate, lanthanum aluminum oxide (LaAlO3), lanthanum strontium copper oxide (LSCO), barium yttrium copper oxide (YBa2Cu3O7), lead zirconium titanate, lanthanum modified lead zirconium titanate, lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate, calcium copper titanium oxide (CCTO), and the like. The inorganic filler may include a material having a perovskite structure. The perovskite structure is an ABO3 type crystal structure that ideally has a cubic unit cell and is composed of metal A located at each vertex of the cubic crystal, metal B located at the body center, and oxygen O located at each face center of the cubic crystal. The perovskite structure also includes tetragonal crystals, orthorhombic crystals, rhombohedral crystals, etc., which are distorted cubic crystals. The inorganic filler may be surface-modified with a surface treatment agent (e.g., a silane coupling agent). The inorganic filler may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0036] (Amount of inorganic filler) The amount of the inorganic filler may be 1% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more, and from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor, it is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more, and particularly 70% by weight or more. The amount of the inorganic filler may be 99% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, or 30% by weight or less, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0037] The amount of the inorganic filler may be 1% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 40% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 70% by weight or more, 80% by weight or more, or 90% by weight or more, and from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor, it is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 50% by weight or more, and particularly 70% by weight or more. The amount of the inorganic filler may be 99% by weight or less, 90% by weight or less, 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, or 30% by weight or less, based on the resin matrix.

[0038] The amount of the inorganic filler may be 1 volume % or more, 10 volume % or more, 20 volume % or more, 30 volume % or more, 40 volume % or more, or 50 volume % or more relative to the resin matrix, and from the viewpoint of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the humidity sensor, it is preferably 10 volume % or more, 30 volume % or more, or 50 volume % or more. The amount of the inorganic filler may be 99 volume % or less, 90 volume % or less, 80 volume % or less, 70 volume % or less, 60 volume % or less, 50 volume % or less, 40 volume % or less, or 30 volume % or less relative to the resin matrix.

[0039] [Surfactants] The porous moisture-sensitive member may contain a surfactant. By containing a surfactant, the pore size and pore density can be adjusted. Examples of the surfactant include anionic, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants. The surfactant may contain a fluorosurfactant. By containing a fluorosurfactant, water repellency, oil repellency, antifouling properties, etc. can be imparted, and good sensitivity and responsiveness of the humidity sensor can be obtained. In addition, by using a hydrophobic ionic surfactant, pores of a larger size can be formed. The surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0040] (amount of surfactant) The amount of the surfactant may be 0.1% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 2% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 4% by weight or more, or 5% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member. The amount of the surfactant may be 25% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 7.5% by weight or less, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0041] The amount of the surfactant may be 0.1% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 2% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 4% by weight or more, or 5% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, based on the inorganic filler. The amount of the surfactant may be 25% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 7.5% by weight or less, based on the inorganic filler.

[0042] [Silane coupling agents] The porous moisture-sensitive member in the present disclosure may contain a silane coupling agent or be treated with a silane coupling agent. By containing a silane coupling agent or treating the porous moisture-sensitive member with a silane coupling agent, the adhesion between the resin matrix and the inorganic filler is improved, which can result in good sensitivity and responsiveness of the humidity sensor.

[0043] The type of silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include vinyl-based silane coupling agents such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxy)silane, allyltrichlorosilane, allyltrimethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane, diethoxymethylvinylsilane, trichlorovinylsilane, and triethoxyvinylsilane; 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane; Epoxy-based silane coupling agents such as methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyltriethoxysilane, methacryloxymethylmethyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyldimethylmethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyldimethylmethoxysilane, and other methacryl-based silane coupling agents; coupling agents; acrylic silane coupling agents such as acryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, acryloxymethyltriethoxysilane, acryloxymethylmethyldimethoxysilane, acryloxymethyldimethylmethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-acryloxypropyldimethylmethoxysilane; 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethylmethoxy ... amino-based silane coupling agents such as N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and 3-(N-phenyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane; mercapto-based silane coupling agents such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane; haloalkyl-based silane coupling agents such as 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane;Examples of the sulfide-based silane coupling agents include bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide (abbreviated as TESPD) and bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide.

[0044] (Amount of silane coupling agent) The amount of the silane coupling agent may be 0.1% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 2% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 4% by weight or more, or 5% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member. The amount of the silane coupling agent may be 25% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 7.5% by weight or less, based on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0045] The amount of the silane coupling agent may be 0.1% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 2% by weight or more, 3% by weight or more, 4% by weight or more, or 5% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, based on the inorganic filler. The amount of the silane coupling agent may be 25% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, 15% by weight or less, 10% by weight or less, or 7.5% by weight or less, based on the inorganic filler.

[0046] [Other ingredients] The porous moisture-sensitive member may contain other components. Examples of the other components include plasticizers, lubricants, colorants (pigments, dyes, etc.), UV absorbers, antioxidants, antiaging agents, foaming agents, defoamers, reinforcing agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents, surfactants, surface treatment agents, water repellents, oil repellents, and stain resistant agents. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0047] (Amount of other ingredients) The amount of the other components can be appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the effects of the present disclosure. The amount of each other component may be 0.1% by weight or more, 0.3% by weight or more, 0.5% by weight or more, 0.7% by weight or more, or 1% by weight or more relative to the porous moisture-sensitive member. The amount of the other components may be 10% by weight or less, 7.5% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, 3% by weight or less, 2% by weight or less, or 1% by weight or less relative to the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0048] [Method of manufacturing porous moisture-sensitive member] The method for producing a porous moisture-sensitive member may include a dispersion preparation step and a coating and drying step. In the dispersion preparation step, a resin base material, an inorganic filler, and other components as necessary are dispersed in a solvent to obtain a dispersion. In the coating and drying step, the obtained dispersion is applied to a base material (e.g., a substrate, an electrode) and further dried to obtain a porous moisture-sensitive member. When more active foaming is desired, a foaming agent may be used as a component of the dispersion.

[0049] The solvent of the dispersion liquid may be any solvent capable of dissolving the resin, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a porous moisture-sensitive member with a good pore density, it is preferable that the dispersion liquid contains an ether-based solvent, particularly a glycol ether-based solvent. The amount of the ether-based solvent may be 10% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, 50% by weight or more, or 60% by weight or more of the solvent, and is preferably 30% by weight or more. The amount of the ether-based solvent may be 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, 50% by weight or less, 40% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, or 20% by weight or less of the solvent.

[0050] <Humidity sensor> The present disclosure further provides a humidity sensor, the humidity sensor comprising: A first electrode; A second electrode; The sensor may further comprise a porous moisture-sensitive member disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0051] The humidity sensor functions based on the principle that the physical properties of the porous moisture-sensitive member change as a result of adsorbing moisture, and the electrical properties between the first electrode and the second electrode change depending on the amount of moisture (i.e., humidity) contained in the air of the surrounding environment. In particular, the porous moisture-sensitive member of the present disclosure has excellent water adsorption and desorption properties, and therefore the humidity sensor of the present disclosure has excellent sensitivity and responsiveness.

[0052] The humidity sensor in the present disclosure may be a resistance change type or a capacitance change type. The resistance change type humidity sensor measures the resistance change of the moisture-sensitive member due to the humidity change, and the capacitance change type humidity sensor measures the capacitance change of the moisture-sensitive member due to the humidity change. The humidity sensor in the present disclosure is particularly suitable as a capacitance change type humidity sensor from the viewpoint of performance such as sensitivity and responsiveness.

[0053] The humidity sensor may include a substrate, and a first electrode may be formed on the substrate, so that the first electrode is in contact with the porous moisture-sensitive member. In this case, the porous moisture-sensitive member may include a substrate, a first electrode formed on the substrate, a porous moisture-sensitive member formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode formed on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0054] In another embodiment, the humidity sensor may have a substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the substrate, and a porous moisture-sensitive member provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. In yet another embodiment, the humidity sensor may have a substrate, a porous moisture-sensitive member formed on the substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the porous moisture-sensitive member.

[0055] One or both of the first electrode and the second electrode may be comb electrodes. The first electrode and the second electrode may be arranged as comb electrodes so as to face each other and interdigitate with each other. For example, when comb electrodes are used, the humidity sensor may have a substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the substrate, and a porous member provided between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0056] The first electrode may be formed by a deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a screen printing method, etc. The porous moisture-sensitive member may be formed by coating, a screen printing method, etc. The second electrode may be formed by a deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a screen printing method, etc.

[0057] Although the embodiments have been described above, it will be understood that various changes in form and details are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims.

[0058] <Respiration detection system> The present disclosure further provides a breath detection system. The breath detection system is a system that detects the breath of a subject using a sensor, and the breath detection system in the present disclosure uses a humidity sensor. As the humidity sensor, it is preferable to use the humidity sensor in the present disclosure described above.

[0059] The breath detection system of the present disclosure uses a humidity sensor, and is therefore less susceptible to vibration, and is therefore more advantageous than sensors that are susceptible to vibration, such as millimeter wave sensors and sensors that include cameras. Furthermore, since the humidity sensor including the porous moisture-sensitive member of the present disclosure exhibits good sensitivity and response speed, the breath detection system using the humidity sensor including the porous moisture-sensitive member of the present disclosure is less susceptible to wind and can be used well in spaces with air conditioning equipment.

[0060] The direct measurement data obtained from the breath detection result of the breath detection system of the present disclosure is a function of a time variable, but by using Fourier transform, it can be converted into a function of a frequency variable, and the breath rate can be identified from the peak frequency. The Fourier transform method is well known to those skilled in the art, and the conditions can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art. For example, the sampling interval is 50 ms and the number of samples is 1024.

[0061] In this disclosure, the source of exhaled air is the subject's mouth or nostrils.

[0062] In the present disclosure, the terms "front direction," "back direction," "left and right direction," "up and down direction," and the like, which are used directly or indirectly, are directions based on the subject. Thus, the front direction is usually the direction of travel or line of sight for the subject. In some embodiments, the vertically upward direction may correspond to the "upward direction," and the opposite direction may correspond to the "downward direction."

[0063] [Humidity sensor] The breath detection system of the present disclosure preferably uses a humidity sensor that uses the porous moisture sensitive member described above.

[0064] The sum of the response time and recovery time of the humidity sensor used in the breath detection system of the present disclosure may be 0 seconds or more, 0.1 seconds or more, 0.5 seconds or more, or 1 second or more. The sum of the response time and recovery time of the humidity sensor used in the breath detection system of the present disclosure may be 25 seconds or less, 20 seconds or less, 15 seconds or less, 10 seconds or less, 8 seconds or less, 5 seconds or less, 3 seconds or less, or 2 seconds or less, preferably 10 seconds or less, more preferably 5 seconds or less. Therefore, the shorter the sum of the response time and recovery time (the higher the responsiveness), the more accurately the breath can be measured. The method of measuring the response time and recovery time is as described in the Examples.

[0065] The sensitivity of the humidity sensor used in the breath detection system of the present disclosure may be 10 or more, 20 or more, 30 or more, 50 or more, 100 or more, 200 or more, 300 or more, or 500 or more, and is preferably 30 or more. The sensitivity of the humidity sensor used in the breath detection system of the present disclosure may be 3000 or less, 2000 or less, 1000 or less, 500 or less, or 250 or less. The method for measuring the sensitivity is as described in the Examples.

[0066] [Humidity sensor installation area] In the breath detection system of the present disclosure, the humidity sensors are arranged in specific areas in order to suitably detect breath. Note that the area in which the humidity sensors are arranged may refer to an area in which some or all of the humidity sensors are arranged, and may refer to an area in which the center of gravity of the humidity sensors is arranged, for example.

[0067] Examples of locations where the sensor is installed include a car steering wheel, a seat belt, a necklace, a pet's collar or harness, a personal computer, a keyboard, a mouse, a television, a game controller, a wristwatch, a smart watch, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a chest, an arm, a neck, an abdomen, a waist, a bed, a pillow, etc. A location where the sensor is installed may be selected such as a wristwatch, whose position relative to the subject is not necessarily fixed. The subject may actively blow into the humidity sensor to measure respiration.

[0068] (spherical area) The area in which the humidity sensor is located may be within a spherical area, where the sphere is centered on the source of the subject's exhaled breath.

[0069] The radius of the sphere may be 0 cm or more, 3 cm or more, 5 cm or more, 10 cm or more, 15 cm or more, 20 cm or more, 25 cm or more, or 25 m or more. The radius of the sphere may be 150 cm or less, 140 cm or less, 120 cm or less, 100 cm or less, 80 cm or less, 70 cm or less, 60 cm or less, 40 cm or less, or 20 cm or less, preferably 100 cm or less, particularly 70 cm or less. By selecting a radius within the above range, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0070] The region where the humidity sensor is placed may be a region excluding the upper 1 / 4 spherical region on the back side of the sphere. That is, the region where the humidity sensor is placed may be the upper front side, the lower front side, or the lower back side of the sphere. By selecting the above as the region where the humidity sensor is placed, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0071] The straight-line distance between the humidity sensor installed within the spherical area and the exhaled breath source may be 0 cm or more, 3 cm or more, 5 cm or more, 7 cm or more, 10 cm or more, 15 cm or more, or 20 cm or more, and from the viewpoint of selectively detecting a specific exhaled breath source, it is preferably 5 cm or more or 10 cm or more.

[0072] (Cone A area) The area where the humidity sensor is placed may be the cone A area. The cone A has an apex as the subject's breath source and a rotation axis as a straight line extending from the breath source to the front of the subject. FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the cone A area in the breath detection system. The area within the cone 6 area in FIG. 11, preferably within the colored truncated cone area, may be the area where the humidity sensor is placed. Here, the height of the uncolored cone located at the apex of the cone 6 may be the minimum linear distance between the humidity sensor and the breath source.

[0073] The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone A is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 0° or more, 3° or more, 5° or more, 8° or more, or 10° or more. The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone A is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 90° or less, 60° or less, 40° or less, 35° or less, 30° or less, 25° or less, 20° or less, or 15° or less, and is preferably 40° or less. By selecting the above range as the cone angle, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0074] In the cone A, the cone height defined by the linear length from the center of the base to the apex may be 150 cm or less, 120 cm or less, 100 cm or less, 90 cm or less, 70 cm or less, 50 cm or less, 30 cm or less, or 20 cm or less, preferably 100 cm or less, particularly 70 cm or less. By selecting the above range for the cone height, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0075] The linear distance between the humidity sensor arranged in the cone A region and the exhaled breath source may be 0 cm or more, 3 cm or more, 5 cm or more, 7 cm or more, or 10 cm or more, and is preferably 5 cm or more. By selecting the linear distance within the above range, good measurement results are likely to be obtained. When the humidity sensor is arranged in the cone A region, the mouth breathing component can be detected more selectively by providing a certain distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source.

[0076] When the region where the humidity sensor is placed is the cone A, it may be the mouth or nostrils of the subject, preferably the mouth of the subject. When the region where the humidity sensor is placed is the cone A, the breath detection system is suitable for detecting the mouth breathing component. When the region where the humidity sensor is placed is the cone A region, examples of suitable locations for placing the humidity sensor include a steering wheel, a personal computer, a television, etc.

[0077] (Cone B area) The area where the humidity sensor is placed may be the cone B area. Cone B has an apex at the exhaled breath source and a rotation axis as a straight line extending from the exhaled breath source in a direction 30° downward and 30° to the right or left with respect to the back direction. FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the cone B area of ​​the humidity sensor in the breath detection system. The area of ​​cone 14 or 14' in FIG. 15, preferably the colored truncated cone area, may be the area where the humidity sensor is placed. Here, the height of the uncolored cone located at the top of cone 14 or 14' may be the minimum linear distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source.

[0078] The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when cone B is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 0° or more, 3° or more, 5° or more, 8° or more, or 10° or more. The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when cone B is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 90° or less, 80° or less, 60° or less, 40° or less, 35° or less, 30° or less, 25° or less, 20° or less, or 15° or less, and is preferably 60° or less. By selecting the above range as the cone angle, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0079] In the cone B, the cone height defined by the linear length from the center of the base to the apex may be 150 cm or less, 120 cm or less, 100 cm or less, 90 cm or less, 70 cm or less, 50 cm or less, 30 cm or less, 20 cm or less, or 10 cm or less, and is preferably 30 cm or less. By selecting the above range for the cone height, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0080] The linear distance between the humidity sensor arranged in the cone B region and the exhaled breath source may be 0 cm or more, 3 cm or more, 5 cm or more, 7 cm or more, or 10 cm or more, and is preferably 5 cm or more. By selecting the linear distance in the above range, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0081] When the humidity sensor is located in the cone B region, the source of the exhaled breath may be the subject's mouth and / or nostrils. When the humidity sensor is located in the cone B region, the breath detection system is suitable for detecting mouth breathing components and / or nasal breathing components. When the humidity sensor is located in the cone B region, suitable locations include a necklace, a pet's collar or harness, the neck, etc.

[0082] (Conical C area) The area where the humidity sensor is placed may be a cone C area. Cone C has an apex at the exhaled breath source and a rotation axis as a straight line extending from the exhaled breath source downwardly to the subject. FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of the cone C area of ​​the humidity sensor in the breath detection system. The area where the humidity sensor is placed may be within the cone 20 area in FIG. 17, preferably within the colored truncated cone area. Here, the height of the uncolored cone located at the apex of cone 20 may be the minimum linear distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source.

[0083] The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone C is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 0° or more, 3° or more, 5° or more, 8° or more, or 10° or more. The cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone C is cut by a plane passing through the rotation axis may be 90° or less, 80° or less, 60° or less, 40° or less, 35° or less, 30° or less, 25° or less, 20° or less, or 15° or less, and is preferably 60° or less. By selecting the above range as the cone angle, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0084] In the cone C, the cone height defined by the linear length from the center of the base to the apex may be 150 cm or less, 120 cm or less, 100 cm or less, 90 cm or less, 70 cm or less, 50 cm or less, 30 cm or less, or 20 cm or less, and is preferably 70 cm or less. By selecting the above range for the cone height, good measurement results are likely to be obtained.

[0085] The linear distance between the humidity sensor arranged in the cone C region and the exhaled breath source may be 0 cm or more, 3 cm or more, 5 cm or more, 7 cm or more, 10 cm or more, 15 cm or more, or 20 cm or more, preferably 5 cm or more, and more preferably 10 cm or more. By selecting the linear distance within the above range, good measurement results are likely to be obtained. When the humidity sensor is arranged in the cone C region, a certain distance is provided between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source, so that the nasal breathing component can be detected more selectively.

[0086] When the humidity sensor is located in the cone C region, the source of the exhaled breath may be the subject's mouth or nostrils, and is preferably the subject's nostrils. When the humidity sensor is located in the cone C region, the breath detection system is suitable for detecting nasal breath components. When the humidity sensor is located in the cone C region, examples of suitable locations include a seat belt, neck, abdomen, waist, etc.

[0087] (Combination of multiple areas) In the above, the sphere region, the cone A region, the cone B region, and the cone C region are shown as examples of the locations where the humidity sensor is installed, but the locations are not limited to the above. It is also possible to install one or more sensors in one or more of the sphere region, the cone A region, the cone B region, and the cone C region. For example, combinations include a combination of the cone A region and the cone B region, a combination of the cone A region and the cone C region, a combination of the cone B region and the cone C region, and a combination of the cone A region, the cone B region, and the cone C region. For example, since the cone A region is suitable for detecting mouth breathing and the cone C region is suitable for detecting nose breathing, the mouth breathing component and the nose breathing component may be measured separately by combining the cone A region and the cone C region. In this way, by measuring the mouth breathing component and the nose breathing component separately, it is possible to separate them, and it is possible to know whether each person mainly breathes through the mouth or the nose. The nose acts as a filter to remove bacteria and viruses from the air, and the air that passes through the nose is humidified and warmed, so it is generally said that breathing through the nose is better. Therefore, by knowing whether you are breathing through your mouth or nose, you can correct your breathing to be better.

[0088] [Control Unit] The breath detection system of the present disclosure may include a controller responsive to the breath detection result.

[0089] The control unit can control an appliance, which is directly or indirectly connected to the humidity sensor. Examples of the appliance include, but are not limited to, automobiles, air conditioners, medical appliances, other industrial appliances, home appliances, etc.

[0090] Control of equipment includes pausing and resuming equipment functions, changing equipment functions, changing the intensity of equipment functions, controlling equipment power ON / OFF, and generating warning signals (displaying a warning, generating a warning sound, generating a vibrating alarm). For example, if the equipment is an automobile, examples of equipment control include generating a warning sound, braking, slowing down, changing direction, and executing automatic driving. For example, if the equipment is an air conditioning equipment, examples of equipment control include adjusting the environmental temperature, environmental humidity, air volume, and air direction to adjust comfort (automatic adjustment).

[0091] The respiration detection system of the present disclosure can be used to adjust the subject's surrounding environment (temperature, humidity, etc.). The control unit can control the subject's surrounding environment using air conditioning equipment based on the respiration detection result and, if necessary, the subject's surrounding environment information, thereby improving the comfort of the subject. For example, by installing a humidity sensor on the seat belt of each seat, the temperature and humidity around each seat can be constantly measured, and in combination with HVAC, the air conditioner can be controlled when an uncomfortable state occurs, thereby improving the comfort inside the vehicle.

[0092] By using the breath detection system of the present disclosure, the condition of the passenger or driver can be detected using information on the breath detected inside the vehicle (for example, the steering wheel or seat belt). In recent years, accidents caused by the deterioration of the health of passengers or drivers, such as the driver's physical condition deteriorating or sudden death while driving, or children being left behind, have become a problem. As the respiratory condition changes when the health condition deteriorates, the respiratory condition can be known by constantly monitoring the breath using the breath detection system of the present disclosure, and it becomes possible to control the passenger or driver's condition, such as issuing an alarm as necessary or parking the vehicle safely on the side of the road.

[0093] [Second vital sign detected] The respiration detection system of the present disclosure may further comprise a sensor for measuring second vibration data comprising a second vital sign other than respiration.

[0094] Examples of the sensor that measures the second vibration data including the second vital sign other than respiration include an optical sensor (visible light sensor, infrared sensor, etc.), a sound sensor, an electrical conductivity sensor, an electric potential sensor, a pressure sensor, a heat sensor, etc. The sensor that measures the second vibration data including the second vital sign other than respiration may be a sensor that is influenced by vibrations that affect respiration, for example, an optical sensor.

[0095] Examples of secondary vital signs other than respiration include pulse, heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, and the like.

[0096] The second vital sign can be detected by subtracting the first vibration data based on the respiration detection result from the second vibration data. As an example, a millimeter wave sensor will be described as an example of a sensor that measures the second vibration data including the second vital sign. The concept is similar for other sensors. It is known that a millimeter wave sensor can measure heart rate in addition to respiration. The respiration component includes not only the fundamental wave, which is the actual respiration rate, but also harmonic components. Since the heart rate is generally faster than the respiration rate, the harmonic components of respiration also become a noise source when trying to accurately measure the heart rate (see formula 1 below). On the other hand, respiration detection using a humidity sensor cannot measure vital signs other than respiration, so the response of the humidity sensor includes the fundamental wave and harmonic components of respiration. By utilizing such differences between sensors, the heart rate measured by the millimeter wave sensor can be measured more accurately. In other words, by using a humidity sensor, frequency components derived from the fundamental wave and harmonics of respiration can be identified. Since the millimeter wave sensor also contains components derived from respiration at the same frequency, by removing these, the components derived from respiration can be completely eliminated, and the only remaining component is the heart rate component. [Formula 1] TIFF0007626249000001.tif72166

[0097] In recent years, driver condition detection has been attracting attention, and vital sign detection using cameras and millimeter wave sensors has been attracting attention. However, these measurement methods detect body displacement due to breathing and heart rate, so there is a problem that they are affected by vibration, making it difficult to measure accurately. On the other hand, humidity sensors are not affected by vibration, so they can measure breathing accurately. Therefore, even when there is vibration, it is possible to measure vital signs accurately by subtracting the breathing component obtained by the humidity sensor from the measurement component of the vital sign sensor as described above. EXAMPLES

[0098] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to these examples.

[0099] <Evaluation method> The fabricated humidity sensor was evaluated as follows. Using the circuit of FDC2214EVM (manufactured by Texas Instruments), the capacitance change of the humidity sensor when the humidity was changed was measured. Moist air made with a bubbler was passed through the humidity sensor stabilized in a humidity atmosphere of 50% RH at a flow rate of 1 SLM using a pipe with an inner diameter of 4 mm. The distance between the humidity sensor and the pipe was set to 10 mm. An existing humidity sensor, SHT31 (manufactured by Sensirion), was also measured at the same time, and the ratio (fF / %RH) of the change in the humidity display value of this sensor to the change in the capacitance display value of the FDC2214EVM circuit was defined as the sensitivity of the humidity sensor. The value used was the value at the time when the humidity change caused the greatest change. The responsiveness of the sensor is evaluated by its response time and recovery time. The response time is the time it takes for the sensor to reach 90% of its full response value to humid air from the baseline (usually t 90 The recovery time is the time it takes for the sensor to return to 10% of the change from the value when it fully responded to the moist air (generally t 10 (That is,

[0100] <Preparation of humidity sensor and performance evaluation> [Example 1] The case where polyamideimide (PAI) is used as the base material of the moisture-sensitive film and Ni is used as the inorganic filler is described below. For the PAI, a varnish in which the PAI raw material is dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and tetraglyme (TEGM) is used. For the Ni filler, a filler with an average particle size of about 300 nm is used. These raw materials are weighed so that the Ni content is 0 to 50 vol%, and mixed with a Huber Marler so that the Ni filler is uniformly dispersed in the varnish. The varnish thus prepared is applied by screen printing onto a 200 nm thick NiCr lower electrode formed by sputtering on a Kapton substrate, and then dried at 150°C for 5 minutes in air to form a moisture-sensitive film in which the Ni filler is dispersed in the porous polyamideimide base material. Then, a 70 nm thick upper electrode is formed by sputtering.

[0101] The sensitivity and responsiveness of the humidity sensor that was fabricated are shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the sensitivity was improved in all cases when Ni was added compared to when it was not added. Furthermore, it can be seen that better responsiveness characteristics were obtained when Ni was added. These results show that by dispersing Ni filler in the porous PAI base material, the sensor characteristics in terms of sensitivity and responsiveness are improved. In the case of the existing product, the response time was 4.1 seconds, the recovery time was 32.1 seconds, and the total time was 36.2 seconds. It can be seen that the responsiveness is overwhelmingly poor because the existing product uses a non-porous resin material as the humidity-sensing film.

[0102] [Example 2] As an example, the results when the amount of solvent was changed during the formation of the humidity-sensitive film will be described. 50 wt% of solvent was added to the PAI varnish used in Example 1. The added solvent was adjusted so that the NMP and TEGM ratios were 100:0, 50:50, and 0:100, respectively. In addition, CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) was used instead of Ni as the inorganic filler, and was added at 50 vol% to the PAI. Except for these points, the sensor was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0103] The surface SEM images of the fabricated humidity sensors are shown in Figure 2. As can be seen from Figure 2, as the amount of TEGM added increases, pores are formed all the way to the film surface. The sensitivity of these humidity sensors is shown in Figure 3.

[0104] From Figure 2, it can be seen that the sensitivity improves as the amount of TEGM increases and the density of surface holes increases. From Figure 3, it can be seen that the sensitivity improves as the amount of TEGM increases. From these results, it can be said that the sensitivity improves as the density of surface holes increases.

[0105] [Example 3] As an example, the results when a surfactant was added will be described. As the surfactant, a hydrophilic surfactant, Ftergent 251, or a hydrophobic surfactant, Ftergent 710FM (both manufactured by Neos Corporation), was used. As the inorganic filler, CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) was used instead of Ni, and was added at 50 vol% to the PAI. The surfactant was added at 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% to the CCTO. Except for these points, the sensor was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0106] The sensitivity of the humidity sensor thus fabricated is shown in Figure 4. As can be seen from Figure 4, in the case of Ftergent 710FM, the sensitivity tends to improve with increasing amount of added material.

[0107] The surface of the humidity sensor was observed with SEM when each surfactant was added at 1 wt%, 3 wt%, or 5 wt%, and the average diameter of the surface pores was calculated. The average diameter of the surface pores was calculated by taking the longest diameter of each observed surface pore as the diameter of each surface pore, measuring the diameters of all surface pores present within the field of view, and then moving the field of view and measuring the diameters again, and the average value for 100 or more pores was taken as the average diameter of the surface pores. Table 1 shows the calculated average diameter of the surface pores together with the results of the sensitivity measurement. Figure 5 shows the correlation between the average diameter of the surface pores of the humidity-sensitive film and the sensitivity of the humidity sensor. TIFF0007626249000002.tif66164

[0108] Cross-sectional SEM observation was performed on the humidity sensor when 5 wt% of surfactant was added. The results are shown in Figure 6. From Figure 6, it can be seen that when Ftergent 251 was added, most of the internal pores were small in diameter, while when Ftergent 710FM was added, there were many internal pores with large diameters. The BET specific surface area, sensitivity, and responsiveness of these elements are summarized in Table 2. From Table 2, it can be seen that when a surfactant (Ftergent 710FM) was added, the sensitivity and responsiveness could be improved despite the small specific surface area. TIFF0007626249000003.tif42164

[0109] These results show that the addition of a surfactant makes it possible to adjust the pore size and density of the surface and internal pores of the moisture-sensitive membrane, thereby improving the sensitivity and responsiveness of the sensor.

[0110] [Example 4] As an example, a case where the amount of CCTO added was changed will be described. CCTO was added to PAI in a range of 0 to 50 vol %. Except for this, the sensor was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0111] The dielectric constant of the humidity-sensitive film that was fabricated is shown in Figure 7. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the dielectric constant increases as the amount of CCTO added increases. Furthermore, from Figure 8, it can be seen that, like the dielectric constant, the sensitivity also increases as the amount of CCTO added increases. These results show that the sensitivity improves as the dielectric constant of the humidity-sensitive film increases.

[0112] <Performance evaluation of breath detection system> [Example 5] (Humidity sensor used) The responsiveness was measured for three types of humidity sensors using the porous moisture-sensing material disclosed herein (hereinafter referred to as fast response products (1), (2), and (3) respectively) and a commercially available product (SHT31, manufactured by Sensirion; hereinafter referred to as slow response product). The response times for the fast response items (1), (2), and (3) were 1.9 seconds, 1.3 seconds, and 0.9 seconds, and the recovery times were 4.9 seconds, 2.5 seconds, and 1.6 seconds, respectively. The response time for the slow response item was 5.5 seconds, and the recovery time was 16.1 seconds.

[0113] (Checking the effects of vibration) First, the following experiment was conducted to show that vibration has no effect on respiration measurement. The sensor, optical chopper, and bubbler were all vibrated with moist air passing through a bubbler at a frequency of 4 Hz using an optical chopper. The moist air passing through the bubbler corresponds to simulated respiration. This test was conducted using a vibration tester under standard domestic transportation conditions (JIS Z 0232 standard, 5-200 Hz, Grms = 0.59, random vibration, vertical direction).

[0114] For the fast response product (2), the measurement data without vibration (100-105 seconds after the start of measurement) and with vibration (400-405 seconds after the start of measurement) and the results of Fourier transform of these results are shown in Figures 9A and 9B. As shown in Figures 9A and 9B, there was no difference in the measurement data with and without vibration. Furthermore, there was no difference in the Fourier transform results with and without vibration, which shows that the fast response product can measure humidity changes without being affected by vibration, that is, it can measure respiration without being affected by vibration.

[0115] (Effect of difference in response and measurement in cone A region) The comparison results (measurement data and Fourier transform results) between the fast response model (2) and the slow response model without vibration are shown in Figure 10. Figure 10 shows that the slow response model is unable to follow the 4 Hz frequency change. This is thought to be due to its slow response speed and recovery speed.

[0116] Therefore, we decided to investigate the difference in response between the fast response product (1) and the slow response product in actual respiration measurements. Measurements were performed by placing each sensor on the top of a PC screen in front of the subject, with the distance between the sensor and the mouth being approximately 30 cm. At this time, the humidity sensor was placed within the truncated cone region (colored region) of cone A region as shown in Figure 11. Figure 12 shows the measurement results and the Fourier transform of the measurement results. Figure 12 shows that a response due to respiration can be confirmed with the fast response product (1), and the Fourier transform result shows that the respiration rate is approximately 27.5 times per minute. On the other hand, no response due to respiration could be confirmed with the slow response product.

[0117] These results show that the response and recovery speeds of the humidity sensor are very important in respiration measurements.

[0118] Here, in order to confirm that the response obtained in FIG. 12A is truly a response due to breathing and to investigate how far the sensor can be separated from the mouth to enable measurement, measurements were taken with the sensor and mouth at a distance of approximately 70 cm. In this case, an existing breathing sensor (YSSDA, manufactured by ATR-Promotions) was wrapped around the chest with a belt to serve as a reference for breathing. The results of measurements using the fast response product (2) are shown in FIG. 13. As shown in FIG. 13, a response was observed in the fast response product (2) even at a distance of 70 cm, and a very good agreement was obtained when comparing the results of the Fourier transform with those of the existing breathing sensor. This shows that breathing measurement is possible even when the sensor is separated from the mouth by 70 cm. Also, in the measurement data of Figures 12 and 13, there are some parts where no response is observed, but this is because the face moved during measurement.

[0119] Similarly, the measurement data and the Fourier transform results when the high-speed response product (3) was installed on the steering wheel of a car are shown in Figure 14. Figure 14 shows that respiration can be measured by installing a sensor at the steering wheel position.

[0120] [Example 6] (Measurement in cone B region) The case where the fast response product (2) is placed near the carotid artery in the neck will be described. In this case, the humidity sensor is placed in the truncated cone region (colored region) in the cone B region as shown in FIG. 15. The existing breathing sensor shown in Example 5 was used to confirm whether breathing could be measured. The measurement data and the results of the Fourier transform are shown in FIG. 16. As shown in FIG. 16, a very good match is obtained between the existing breathing sensor and the fast response product (2), and it can be seen that breathing can be measured by placing the humidity sensor around the neck. There are times during the measurement when no response is observed, but this is due to face movement.

[0121] Since the sensor can be placed in this position to measure respiration, it can be seen that by placing the sensor on, for example, a necklace, a pet's collar or a harness, it is possible to constantly monitor respiration without being affected by vibrations.

[0122] [Example 7] (Measurement in cone C region) An example of respiration detection when a fast response product (1) and a slow response product are placed around the neck (manubrium) is shown below. In this case, the humidity sensor is placed within the truncated cone region (colored region) of cone C region as shown in Figure 17. The measurement data and the results of the Fourier transform are shown in Figure 18. Figure 18 shows that while the slow response product is unable to track respiration, the fast response product (1) responds to respiration.

[0123] Next, the case where the fast response product (3) is placed on the seat belt of a car (near the center of the body) is shown. In this case, the humidity sensor is placed within the truncated cone region (colored region) of cone C region as shown in FIG. 17. Data measured with the engine off and the results of Fourier transform are shown in FIG. 19. From FIG. 19, it can be seen that the nasal breathing component can be measured at the seat belt position. Furthermore, data measured with the engine on and the results of Fourier transform are shown in FIG. 20. From FIG. 20, it can be seen that breathing can be measured in the same way as when the engine is off, even when the car is vibrating.

[0124] [Example 8] (Measurements in cone A and cone C regions) In Example 5, it was shown that the mouth breathing component can be measured when a fast response product is installed on the steering wheel. Therefore, the measurement results at the steering wheel position and the seat belt position of three subjects (the results shown so far are for subject A) are shown in Figures 21A to 21C. At this time, the humidity sensor is placed both in the truncated cone region (colored region) in the cone A region as shown in Figure 11 and in the truncated cone region (colored region) in the cone C region as shown in Figure 17. Note that the absolute values ​​of the magnitude of the vertical and horizontal axes are the same in order to compare the measurement results of the three subjects. From Figures 21A to 21C, it was found that the response differs between the three subjects. Subject A has a large response to both mouth breathing and nasal breathing, while subject B has a large mouth breathing but a small nasal breathing. Conversely, subject C has a small mouth breathing but a large nasal breathing. In this way, it was found that it is possible to separate the mouth breathing component and the nasal breathing component by measuring them separately, and it is possible to know whether each person mainly breathes through the mouth or the nose. The nose acts as a filter to remove bacteria and viruses from the air, and the air that passes through the nose is humidified and warmed, so it is generally said that breathing through the nose is better. Therefore, by knowing whether you are breathing through your mouth or nose, you can correct your breathing to be better.

[0125] Furthermore, from Figures 21A-C, it can be seen that in both mouth breathing and nose breathing, after a steep response, there is a slow recovery. This indicates that the breathing pattern is being measured. This is because the humidity sensor has a fast response and recovery, so the humidity change due to breathing can be accurately measured.

[0126] [Example 9] (Used in conjunction with air conditioner) Currently, temperature and humidity sensors are installed around the air conditioner to control the air conditioner in a car. However, this sensor is far away from the driver and passengers, and the temperature and humidity around the driver and passengers are different, so if the air conditioner is not functioning properly, it often becomes uncomfortable.

[0127] Therefore, a temperature and humidity sensor was installed at the seat belt position as in the experiment shown in Example 3, and the temperature and humidity around the driver were measured. For the measurement, a temperature and humidity sensor (SHT31, made by Sensirion, slow response product) mounted on the BLE module was used. The temperature and humidity changes were measured when the air conditioner was turned on at a medium intensity. In addition, measurements were taken in the following order: when the air conditioner was directly hitting the body, and when the air conditioner was not hitting the body at the same intensity. The results are shown in FIG. 22. From FIG. 22, it can be seen that the temperature gradually decreases as the air conditioner's wind hits the body directly. On the other hand, it can be seen that the temperature gradually increases when the air conditioner is turned on at the same intensity and the direction of the wind is adjusted so that it does not hit the body. In actual sensation, the air conditioner's wind hitting the body felt cool, while it gradually felt hotter when the wind was not hit, and this shows that the temperature and humidity around the driver can be measured more accurately.

[0128] For example, by installing a similar sensor on the seat belt of each seat, it is possible to constantly measure the temperature and humidity around each seat, and in combination with HVAC, control the air conditioning when conditions become uncomfortable, thereby improving comfort inside the car.

[0129] In addition, although a temperature and humidity sensor equipped with a BLE module was used in Fig. 22, the high-speed response product shown in Example 3 may be used to display the humidity value. The output value of the high-speed response product used here is capacitance, so the capacitance can be converted to humidity by investigating the relationship between capacitance and humidity (calibration curve) in advance. In this case, large slow fluctuations in the baseline correspond to changes in the humidity around the person being measured, and small fast fluctuations correspond to the breathing of the person being measured.

[0130] Incidentally, it is possible that the wind from the air conditioner hitting the humidity sensor may make it impossible to measure respiration. Therefore, in addition to the experiment shown in Fig. 22, we also performed respiration measurement at the seat belt position using the fast response product (3), and obtained the data shown in Fig. 23. Note that in both cases, responses that appear to be due to respiration were observed, but in both cases the appearance was different compared to the case in which the air conditioner was off as shown in Example 5, and the effect seemed to be particularly large when there was direct wind. However, when the Fourier transform of these data was performed, it was found that the frequency components corresponding to the respiration rate were included, and respiration rate measurement was possible even if the humidity around the subject changed when the air conditioner was turned on. [Industrial Applicability]

[0131] The porous moisture-sensitive member and the humidity sensor using the same according to the present disclosure can be used for various applications such as home appliances, industrial equipment, and in-vehicle equipment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0132] 2. Subjects 4 Exhalation source 6 Cone A Region 8 Cone Angle 10 Cone Height 12 Minimum possible distance between humidity sensor and breath source 14 Cone B area (right side) 14' Cone B region (left side) 16 Angle of the rotation axis of cone C based on the back direction (60° to the right) 18 Angle of the rotation axis of cone C based on the back direction (30° downward) x Front direction x' Back direction 20 Conical C area

[0133] <Exemplary embodiment> Exemplary aspects of the present disclosure are as follows. [Section 1] A porous moisture-sensitive member for a humidity sensor, comprising: the porous moisture-sensitive member includes a resin matrix and an inorganic filler; The porous moisture-sensitive member includes surface pores and internal pores, and the average pore size of the surface pores is 0.1 μm or more; Porous moisture material. [Section 2] The density of the surface pores with a diameter of 0.1 μm or more is 1 / 100 μm 2 Item 2. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to item 1. [Section 3] The density of the surface pores with a diameter of 0.1 μm or more is 50 or more per 100 μm 2 Item 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to item 1 or 2, [Section 4] 4. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein a cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member has a pore with a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more. [Section 5] The density of the cross-sectional area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member having a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more is 10 / 100 μm 2 The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 4, which is as described above. [Section 6] The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member is 0.1 m 2 / g or more 10m 2 6. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the moisture content is 0.1 to 0.5% by mass %. [Section 7] The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member is 2 m 2 7. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the moisture content is 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. [Section 8] 8. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member has a porosity of 10 volume % or more and 90 volume % or less. [Section 9] Item 9. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member has a relative dielectric constant of 1.6 or more. [Section 10] The amount of the resin base material is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less with respect to the porous moisture-sensitive member, 10. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 9, wherein the amount of the inorganic filler is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less with respect to the porous moisture-sensitive member. [Section 11] The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein the resin base material is at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic polyimide, aromatic polyamideimide, aromatic polyamide, aromatic polyether, polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polymethyl methacrylate, and vinyl crotonate. [Section 12] Item 12. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 11, wherein the inorganic filler contains a high dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 100 or more at 25° C. and 1 kHz. [Section 13] Item 13. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 12, wherein the inorganic filler includes a metal filler. [Section 14] The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member contains a surfactant, and the amount of the surfactant is 0.1% by weight or more and 25% by weight or less with respect to the porous moisture-sensitive member. [Section 15] Item 15. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 14, which is used for a capacitance change type humidity sensor. [Section 16] A humidity sensor comprising: A first electrode; A second electrode; The porous moisture-sensitive member according to any one of items 1 to 15, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. A humidity sensor comprising: [Section 17] Item 17. The humidity sensor according to item 16, comprising a substrate, the first electrode being provided on the substrate. [Section 18] Item 18. The humidity sensor according to item 16 or 17, which is a capacitance change type. [Section 19] 1. A breath detection system for detecting breath of a subject, comprising: The humidity sensor according to any one of items 16 to 18 is disposed within the spherical region; A breath detection system, wherein the sphere has a center at the source of the subject's breath and a radius of 150 cm or less. [Section 20] 20. The breath detection system of claim 19, wherein the humidity sensor is positioned in an area other than the upper 1 / 4 sphere area on the rear side of the sphere. [Section 21] The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone A region; 21. The breath detection system according to item 19 or 20, wherein the cone A has an apex at the exhaled breath source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending from the exhaled breath source in a front direction of the subject, a cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone A is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 40° or less, and a cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 100 cm or less. [Section 22] The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone B region; 21. The breath detection system according to item 19 or 20, wherein the cone B has an apex at the exhalation source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending from the exhalation source in a direction 30° downward and 30° to the right or left with respect to the back direction, the cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone B is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 60° or less, and the cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 30 cm or less. [Section 23] 22. The breath detection system of claim 21, wherein the breath source is the subject's mouth and the breath detection system detects a mouth breathing component; or 23. The breath detection system of claim 22, wherein the source of exhaled air is the subject's mouth and / or nostrils, and the breath detection system detects a mouth breathing component and / or a nasal breathing component. [Section 24] The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone C region; 21. The breath detection system according to item 19 or 20, wherein the cone C has an apex at the exhaled breath source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending downward from the exhaled breath source to the subject, a cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone C is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 60° or less, and a cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 70 cm or less. [Section 25] 25. The breath detection system of claim 24, wherein the breath source is the subject's nostrils and the breath detection system detects a nasal breath component. [Section 26] 26. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 25, wherein the sum of the response time and recovery time of the humidity sensor is 5 seconds or less. [Section 27] 27. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 26, further comprising a control unit responsive to a respiration detection result. [Section 28] 28. The breath detection system according to any one of claims 19 to 27, wherein the control unit controls the environment surrounding the subject using an air conditioner based on the breath detection result and, if necessary, other subject surrounding environment information such as the subject surrounding temperature. [Section 29] Item 29. The respiration detection system according to item 28, wherein the control unit controls the device. [Section 30] Item 30. The respiration detection system of item 29, wherein the device is an automobile. [Section 31] Item 31. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 30, further comprising a sensor for measuring second vibration data including a second vital sign other than respiration. [Section 32] 32. The respiration detection system of claim 31, wherein a second vital sign is detected by subtracting the first vibration data based on the respiration detection result from the second vibration data. [Section 33] Item 33. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 32, wherein the humidity sensor is installed in a steering wheel of a car. [Section 34] Item 33. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 32, wherein the humidity sensor is installed in a personal computer or a personal computer-related device. [Section 35] Item 33. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 32, wherein the humidity sensor is placed on the neck. [Section 36] Item 33. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 32, wherein the humidity sensor is attached to a collar or harness of a pet (eg, a dog, a cat, etc.). [Section 37] Item 33. The respiration detection system according to any one of items 19 to 32, wherein the humidity sensor is installed in a seat belt of a car. [Section 38] Item 38. The breath detection system according to any one of items 19 to 37, wherein the linear distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source is 5 cm or more. [Section 39] Item 39. The breath detection system according to any one of items 19 to 38, wherein the linear distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source is 10 cm or more.

Claims

1. A porous moisture-sensitive member for a humidity sensor, comprising: the porous moisture-sensitive member includes a resin matrix and an inorganic filler; The porous moisture-sensitive member includes surface pores and internal pores, and the average pore size of the surface pores is 0.1 μm or more. Porous moisture material.

2. The density of the surface pores having a diameter of 0.1 μm or more is 1 / 100 μm ２ The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1 .

3. The density of the surface pores having a diameter of 0.1 μm or more is 50 or more / 100 μm ２ 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein

4. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of the porous moisture-sensitive member has a pore having a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more.

5. The density of the cross-sectional area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member having a cross-sectional diameter of 1 μm or more is 10 / 100 μm. ２ The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member is 0.1 m ２ / g or more 10m ２ 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content is 0.1 to 0.5 μm.

7. The specific surface area of ​​the porous moisture-sensitive member is 2 m ２ 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content is 0.1 to 0.5 μm.

8. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous moisture-sensitive member is 10% by volume or more and 90% by volume or less.

9. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member has a relative dielectric constant of 1.6 or more.

10. The amount of the resin base material is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less with respect to the porous moisture-sensitive member, 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the inorganic filler is 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less based on the weight of the porous moisture-sensitive member.

11. The porous moisture-sensing member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resin base material is at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic polyimide, aromatic polyamideimide, aromatic polyamide, aromatic polyether, polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polymethyl methacrylate, and vinyl crotonate.

12. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic filler contains a high dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 100 or more at 25°C and 1 kHz.

13. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic filler comprises a metal filler.

14. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the porous moisture-sensitive member contains a surfactant, and the amount of the surfactant is 0.1% by weight or more and 25% by weight or less relative to the porous moisture-sensitive member.

15. 3. The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1, which is used for a capacitance change type humidity sensor.

16. A humidity sensor comprising: A first electrode; A second electrode; The porous moisture-sensitive member according to claim 1 or 2, which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. A humidity sensor comprising:

17. 17. The humidity sensor of claim 16, comprising a substrate, the first electrode being disposed on the substrate.

18. The humidity sensor according to claim 16, which is a capacitance change type.

19. 1. A breath detection system for detecting breath of a subject, comprising: The humidity sensor according to claim 16 is disposed within the spherical region; A breath detection system, wherein the sphere has a center at the source of the subject's breath and a radius of 150 cm or less.

20. The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone A region; The cone A has an apex at the exhalation source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending from the exhalation source toward the front of the subject, the cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone A is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 40° or less, and the cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 100 cm or less, 20. The breath sensing system of claim 19, wherein the source of exhaled breath is the subject's mouth.

21. The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone B region; The cone B has an apex at the exhalation source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending from the exhalation source in a direction 30° downward and 30° to the right or left with respect to the back direction, the cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone B is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 60° or less, and the cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 30 cm or less, 20. The breath sensing system of claim 19, wherein the source of exhaled air is the subject's mouth and / or nostrils.

22. The humidity sensor is disposed within a cone C region; The cone C has an apex at the exhalation source and an axis of rotation as a straight line extending downward from the exhalation source to the subject, the cone angle defined by the apex angle of an isosceles triangle formed when the cone C is cut by a plane passing through the axis of rotation is 60° or less, and the cone height defined by the straight line length from the center of the base to the apex is 70 cm or less, 20. The breath sensing system of claim 19, wherein the source of exhaled air is the subject's nostrils.

23. 20. The respiration detection system of claim 19, wherein the humidity sensor has a combined response time and recovery time of 5 seconds or less.

24. a control unit responsive to a breath detection result; The breath detection system according to claim 19, wherein the control unit controls the subject's surrounding environment using an air conditioning device based on the breath detection result and, if necessary, other subject surrounding environment information such as the subject's surrounding temperature.

25. a control unit responsive to a breath detection result; The respiration detection system of claim 19 , wherein the control unit controls a motor vehicle.

26. a sensor for measuring second vibration data including a second vital sign other than respiration; The respiration detection system of claim 19, wherein the second vital sign is detected by subtracting the first vibration data based on the respiration detection result from the second vibration data.

27. The breath sensing system of claim 19, wherein the linear distance between the humidity sensor and the exhaled breath source is 5 cm or more.

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