Beam Disturbance Report

Abstract

An example embodiment of the present disclosure relates to reporting beam failure. A terminal device performs beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device. The terminal device determines information indicative of at least a result of each of the beam failure detections on a second number of serving cells among the first number of serving cells, the second number being less than the first number. The determined information is transmitted by the terminal device to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device. Based on this information, the network device determines an overall result of the beam failure detections performed on the first number of serving cells.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to the field of telecommunications, and more particularly, to a method, device, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for reporting beam obstructions. [Background technology]

[0002] With the development of communication systems, more and more technologies are proposed. For example, new radio access systems, also called NR systems or NR networks, are being developed. In NR systems, carrier aggregation (CA) technology may be supported to increase the system bandwidth. When CA is used, there may be several serving cells for a terminal device. Generally, a primary cell (PCell) and at least one secondary cell (SCell) are provided. When the quality of the beam pair(s) of one or more serving cells becomes sufficiently low, for example by comparison with a threshold or by the timeout of an associated timer, beam failure may occur in one or more of the serving cells of the terminal device.

[0003] A beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure is a mechanism for recovering a beam when all or part of the beam serving a terminal device fails. When a terminal device detects one or more beam failures in one or more corresponding serving cells, a BFR procedure is required to recover from the beam failure. To perform a BFR procedure, the terminal device may report the detected beam failure(s) to the network device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In general, the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for reporting beam failures. The embodiments not included in the claims, if any, should be construed as examples useful for understanding various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0005] In a first aspect, a terminal device is provided, the terminal device comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code configured to cause, with the at least one processor, the terminal device to perform beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device, determine information indicative of at least respective results of the beam failure detection on a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being smaller than the first number, and transmit the determined information to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device.

[0006] In a second aspect, a network device is provided, comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to cause, with the at least one processor, the network device to: receive, from the terminal device, information indicative of at least a respective result of beam failure detection performed in a second number of serving cells, and, following a determination that the first number of serving cells are configured with beam failure detection by the terminal device, determine, based on the received information, an overall result of the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells, where the second number is less than the first number.

[0007] In a third aspect, a method is provided, the method including: performing, in a terminal device, beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device, determining information indicative of at least respective results of the beam failure detection on a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being smaller than the first number, and transmitting the determined information to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a method is provided, the method including: receiving, at a network device, from a terminal device, information indicating at least respective results of beam failure detection performed on a second number of serving cells, and determining, in accordance with a determination by the terminal device that the first number of serving cells are configured with beam failure detection, based on the received information, an overall result of the beam failure detection on the first number of serving cells, where the second number is less than the first number.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, a first apparatus is provided, comprising means for performing beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the first apparatus, determining information indicative of at least respective results of the beam failure detection on a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being smaller than the first number, and transmitting the determined information to a second apparatus serving the first apparatus using resources assigned to the first apparatus.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, a second apparatus is provided, the second apparatus comprising means for receiving from the first apparatus information indicative of at least respective results of beam failure detection performed on a second number of serving cells, and determining, in accordance with a determination that the first number of serving cells are configured with beam failure detection by the first apparatus, an overall result of the beam failure detection on the first number of serving cells based on the received information, where the second number is less than the first number.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least a method according to the third aspect.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least a method according to the fourth aspect.

[0013] It should be understood that this Summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily apparent through the following description.

[0014] Some example embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates an exemplary communications environment in which exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced. [Diagram 2] 1A and 1B show exemplary formats for reporting information regarding beam obstruction detection. [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates a signaling flow for reporting a beam failure, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 4]11A and 11B show example formats for reporting information regarding beam obstruction detection, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] 13 shows a flowchart of a method implemented in a terminal device according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 13 shows a flowchart of a method implemented in a network device according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 shows a simplified block diagram of an apparatus suitable for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computer-readable medium in accordance with some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numbers represent the same or similar elements.

[0017] The principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are merely described for illustrative purposes, to help those skilled in the art understand and practice the present disclosure, but do not imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. The embodiments described herein can be implemented in various ways other than those described below.

[0018] In the following description and claims, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs, unless otherwise defined.

[0019] In this disclosure, references to "one embodiment," "embodiment," "example embodiment," and the like indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is believed to be within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic with respect to other embodiments, whether or not explicitly described.

[0020] In this specification, terms such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various elements, but it is understood that these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element, without departing from the scope of the example embodiments. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0021] The terms used herein are merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. When the terms "comprises," "comprising," "has," "having," "includes," and / or "including" are used herein, it will be understood that these terms specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components, etc., but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0022] The term "circuitry," as used herein, may refer to one or more or all of the following: (a) Hardware-only circuit implementation (e.g., analog and / or digital circuit implementation only) (b) A combination of hardware circuitry and software, such as (where applicable) (i) A combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuitry(s) and software / firmware; and (ii) Any portion of a hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s), software, and memory(s)) that cooperates to cause a device such as a mobile phone or a server to perform various functions. (c) Hardware circuit(s) and / or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (e.g., firmware) to operate, but the software may not be present when not necessary for operation.

[0023] This definition of circuitry applies to all uses of the term in this application, including any claims. As a further example, the term circuitry, as used herein, encompasses an embodiment of merely a hardware circuitry or processor (or processors), or a portion of a hardware circuitry or processor, as well as its (or their) associated software and / or firmware. The term circuitry also covers, for example, a baseband or processor integrated circuit of a mobile device, or similar integrated circuit of a server, cellular network device, or other computing or network device, if applicable to certain claim elements.

[0024] As used herein, the term "communication network" refers to a network conforming to any suitable communication standard, such as New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), High Speed ​​Packet Access (HSPA), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), etc. Furthermore, communication between terminal devices and network devices in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation of communication protocols, including, but not limited to, first generation (1G), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 2.75G, third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), 4.5G, next generation fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols now known or hereafter developed. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communication, of course, there will also be future communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. The scope of the present disclosure should not be considered as being limited to only the aforementioned systems.

[0025] In this specification, the term "network device" refers to a node in a communication network through which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom. Depending on the terminology and technology applied, a network device may refer to a base station (BS) or access point (AP), such as a Node B (NodeB or NB), evolved Node B (eNodeB or eNB), NR NB (also called gNB), remote radio unit (RRU), radio header (RH), remote radio head (RRH), relay, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, low power node such as femto or pico, satellite network device, low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-terrestrial network device such as an aircraft network device, etc.

[0026] The term "terminal device" refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication. By way of example and not limitation, a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE), subscriber station (SS), mobile subscriber station, mobile station (MS), or access terminal (AT). Terminal devices may include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, cell phones, smartphones, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, tablets, wearable terminal devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable computers, desktop computers, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, in-vehicle wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop embedded equipment (LEE), laptop mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer premises equipment (CPE), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, watches or other wearables, head mounted displays (HMD), vehicles, drones, medical devices and applications (e.g., remote surgery), industrial devices and applications (e.g., robots and / or other wireless devices operating in the context of industrial processing and / or automated processing chains), consumer electronics devices, devices operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms "terminal device", "communication device", "terminal", "user equipment" and "UE" may be used interchangeably.

[0027] As used herein, the terms "resource", "transmission resource", "resource block", "physical resource block" (PRB), "uplink resource", or "downlink resource" may refer to any resource for performing communication, e.g., communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, a spatial domain resource, a code domain resource, or other resource that enables communication. In the following, both frequency domain and time domain resources are used as examples of transmission resources to explain some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.

[0028] 1 illustrates an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The communication environment 100 includes a network device 110 and a terminal device 120 served by the network device 110. The network device 110 may configure N serving cells 102-1, 102-2, ..., 102-N to serve the terminal device 120, where N is an integer greater than 1. For purposes of discussion, the serving cells 102-1, 102-2, ..., 102-N are collectively or individually referred to as serving cells 102.

[0029] It should be understood that the number of network devices, terminal devices, and serving cells is not intended to imply any limitations, but is merely for illustration purposes. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of network devices, terminal devices, and serving cells suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the terms "cell" and "serving cell" may be used interchangeably herein.

[0030] In operation, network device 110 may communicate data and control information to terminal device 120, and terminal device 120 may also communicate data and control information to network device 110. The link from network device 110 to terminal device 120 is called the downlink (DL) or forward link, while the link from terminal device 120 to network device 110 is called the uplink (UL) or reverse link.

[0031] Communications in the communication environment 100 may be performed according to any suitable communications protocol(s), including, but not limited to, cellular communications protocols, such as first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), and fifth generation (5G), wireless local network communications protocols, such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and / or any other protocols now known or to be developed in the future. Further, the communications may utilize any suitable wireless communication technology, including, but not limited to, code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), and / or any other technology now known or to be developed in the future.

[0032] CA may be supported in the environment 100. According to the CA technique, two or more component carriers (CCs) are aggregated to support a larger bandwidth. When CA is supported, the network device 110 may provide multiple serving cells to the terminal device 120, including a Pcell and one or more SCells. For example, in the environment 100 shown in FIG. 1, the serving cell 102-1 is the PCell of the terminal device 120, and the serving cells 102-2, ..., 102-N are SCells. Although two SCells 102-2, 102-N are specifically shown in FIG. 1, the network device 110 may provide fewer or more SCells. It should also be understood that the configuration of the PCell 102-1 and the SCells 102-2, 102-N shown in FIG. 1 is for illustrative purposes only, without implying any limitations. The PCell 102-1 and the SCells 102-2, 102-N may have configurations other than those shown in FIG. 1.

[0033] Although one network device 110 is shown, in some example embodiments, the environment 100 may include additional network devices (not shown) that may use the same or different radio access technology as the network device 110 serving the terminal device 120. The terminal device 120 may be dual-connected (DC) with two or more network devices 110. In such a case, the multiple serving cells 102 of the terminal device 120 may be divided into two or more groups, such as a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG), each of which is provided by one network device. In some example embodiments, a primary secondary cell (PSCell) of all Scells may be configured for the terminal device 120. The PCell or PSCell may be referred to as a special cell (SpCell).

[0034] The network device 110 may be configured to implement beamforming techniques and transmit signals to the terminal device 120 via multiple beams. The terminal device 120 is configured to receive the signals transmitted by the network device 110 via multiple beams. Different beams may be configured for the PCell 102-1 and the SCells 102-2, 102-N. As shown in FIG. 1, beams 112-1-1 and 112-2 are configured for the SCells 102-2 and 102-N, respectively. It should be understood that the SCells 102-2 and 102-N may have more beams associated therewith. Although not shown, the PCell 102-1 may also have one or more beams associated therewith. The beams may be collectively or individually referred to as beams 112 for purposes of discussion.

[0035] During operation, the terminal device may be configured to detect whether a beam failure occurs in any of the serving cells. As mentioned above, if a beam failure is detected in any of the serving cells, a BFR procedure is required to recover from the beam failure. To perform the BFR procedure, the terminal device may report the detected beam failure(s) to the network device to request beam failure recovery.

[0036] Currently, BFR is defined for one serving cell and in practice only covers BFR of SpCell (PCell or PSCell). Therefore, there is still a need to provide a solution for BFR, especially covering SCell. It has been proposed to implement BFR of SCell(s) (also called SCell BFR) using a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE). For example, the terminal device may send a MAC CE to the network device indicating the cell index(es) of the SCell for which beam failure is detected. For each SCell for which beam failure is detected, the MAC CE may also include an indication indicating whether a suitable candidate beam is detected for the SCell, and the index of the candidate beam if available. The MAC CE of BFR may also be called BFR MAC CE.

[0037] Prior to the transmission of the MAC CE, a dedicated Scheduling Request (SR) signal indicating a beam failure event may be transmitted. Alternatively, the MAC CE may be multiplexed into any UL grant of the terminal device. For example, if a beam failure occurs in an SpCell, such as a PCell or a PSCell, the terminal device may include an indication of beam failure during the RA procedure, for example in Message 3 (also referred to as Msg3) or Message A (also referred to as MsgA), but one or more SCells are also detected to be failed. The BFR MAC CE may include a bitmap, each bit of which indicates whether beam failure is detected in a serving cell. The MAC CE may further include an indication(s) of candidate beam(s) for the failed serving cell(s), if present, although such indication(s) may be omitted.

[0038] In some cases, a relatively large number of serving cells of a terminal device may be configured with beam failure detection. Therefore, the amount of information for specifically reporting detected beam failures may be relatively large. For example, the size of the bitmap of the BFR MAC CE may be determined based on the maximum number of serving cells configured with beam failure detection. Currently, there are two variable sizes of the bitmap, one containing a single octet and the other containing four octets. The current format for reporting information on the detection of beam failure is briefly introduced with reference to Figures 3A and 3B. In these examples, the information is transmitted in the MAC CE. Such a MAC CE may be referred to as a BFR MAC CE.

[0039] FIG. 2A shows a schematic diagram illustrating an example format 201 of information regarding beam failure detection. As shown, the example format 201 includes a one-octet bitmap 210. Each Ci field (i=1, 2, ..., 7) in the bitmap 210 may include one bit corresponding to a serving cell with cell index i and is used to indicate the result of beam failure detection at that serving cell. For example, if beam failure is detected at the serving cell with cell index i, the bit Ci is set to 1. Otherwise, if no beam failure is detected, the bit Ci is set to 0. Of course, the value of the bit can also be set inversely to indicate the result of beam failure detection.

[0040] In some cases, the R bit of bitmap 210 may be a reserved bit that may be set to a predetermined value, such as 0. In some example embodiments, the R bit of bitmap 210 may correspond to an SpCell, e.g., a PCell or a PSCell, and is used to indicate the result of beam failure detection at the SpCell. For example, if a beam failure is detected at the SpCell, the R bit of bitmap 210 may be set to 1, otherwise the R bit may be set to 0.

[0041] The format 201 may further include a portion 220 indicating one or more candidate beams of one or more serving cells in a failure state. In one example, the portion 220 may include several octets, each corresponding to one of the configured serving cells. Specifically, if a beam failure is detected in a serving cell and the serving cell has a candidate beam, the availability indication (AC) field (which may include one bit) of the portion 220 may be present and set to 1. The next field in the same octet is used to indicate the identity of a candidate reference signal (candidate RS ID) corresponding to a candidate beam of the serving cell in a failure state. In some cases, if the AC field is present, the next bit may be a reserved bit (R bit).

[0042] In some example embodiments, for each serving cell detected to be in a failure state, an octet containing an AC field may be included in portion 220 of format 201. In such examples, the BFR MAC CE of this format 201 may be referred to as an untruncated BFR MAC CE or an untruncated SCell BFR MAC CE (if information about the SCell is included). The octets of portion 220 may be included in ascending order based on the cell index of the serving cell.

[0043] In some other example embodiments, if the serving cell is detected to be in a failure state, the octets including the AC field may not be included in the portion 220. In such examples, the BFR MAC CE of this format 201 may be referred to as a truncated BFR MAC CE or a truncated SCell BFR MAC CE (if information about the SCell is included). The number of octets including the AC field included may be maximized so as not to exceed the available grant size of the resource. In some examples, the number of octets including the AC field in the truncated BFR format may be zero.

[0044] It should be noted that format 201 can be used to report the respective results of beam failure detection on up to seven SCells or eight serving cells (including seven SCells and one SpCell). In some exemplary embodiments, when more than seven SCells are configured with beam failure detection, the exemplary format 202 shown in FIG. 2B can be used to report information regarding beam failure detection. In this illustrated example, format 202 includes a four-octet bitmap 230 indicating the respective results of beam failure detection on up to 32 serving cells, and each Ci (i=1, 2,..., 31) field of bitmap 230 can include one bit corresponding to a serving cell with cell index i and is used to indicate the result of beam failure detection on that serving cell. The portion 220 included in format 202 is the same as format 201 of FIG. 2A.

[0045] Conventionally, format 201 or 202 is selected based on the number of serving cells configured for beam failure detection: if the number of serving cells configured with beam failure detection is less than 8, a bitmap containing a single octet is used, otherwise if the number is 8 or greater, a bitmap containing 4 octets is used.

[0046] However, the resources allowed for the terminal device to transmit information about beam failure detection are usually limited and may be insufficient to convey all the information required for reporting, e.g., the UL grant is too small. The UL grant has a limited amount of free payload bits after containing other high priority information. For example, the MAC CE is reported in message 3 (Msg3) of the RA procedure (e.g., in case of SpCell failure or in case of no dedicated SR requesting a UL grant). In this case, the typical minimum size of Msg3 is 7 bytes, of which 3 bytes are occupied by the Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) MAC CE. However, the BFR MAC CE may in some cases have a minimum size of 6 bytes (including 2-byte subheader and 4-byte bitmap). Therefore, a solution is needed to always enable reporting of beam failure.

[0047] According to some example embodiments of the present disclosure, a solution for reporting beam failure of a serving cell, in particular for reporting beam failure of an SCell and / or a PCell / PSCell to enable BFR, is provided. According to this solution, a terminal device performs beam failure detection on a plurality of configured serving cells and determines to report the result of the beam failure detection to a network device. Among all serving cells, the terminal device determines information on the respective result of the beam failure detection on some but not all of all serving cells. The determined information is transmitted to a corresponding network device using resources allocated to the terminal device. Through this solution, the terminal device can be configured to signal information of BFR in a specific optimized manner by reducing the amount of information transmitted and by enabling the terminal device to inform the network device of the BFR required. This solution is highly beneficial when resources allocated for BFR reporting are insufficient and / or overhead reduction is required.

[0048] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Reference is now made to Figure 3, which illustrates a signaling flow 300 for reporting beam failure, in accordance with some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be described with reference to Figure 1. The signaling flow 300 involves the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 in Figure 1.

[0050] During operation, the terminal device 120 performs beam failure detection on a number of configured serving cells 102 (referred to as the "first number of serving cells 102" for ease of discussion) to detect (305) whether beam failure occurs on any of the serving cells 102. The serving cells 102 may include, for example, a Pcell, a PSCell, and / or one or more SCells. The first number of serving cells 102 may include those configured by the network device 110 with beam failure detection.

[0051] Beam failure detection can be performed by various techniques. For example, for each serving cell, the terminal device 120 can detect beam failure by determining a hypothetical physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) error rate (e.g., PDCCH block error rate, BLER) estimated in one or more beams of the serving cell and comparing the error rate to a threshold. The terminal device 120 can also use any other beam failure detection method.

[0052] When the beam failure detection is performed, the terminal device 120 may decide to report information regarding the beam failure detection to the network device 110 associated with the serving cell(s) 102. In some exemplary embodiments, if one or more beam failures are detected in one or more of the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may determine to trigger a BFR, and thus information regarding the beam failure detection will be reported to the network device 110. In general, it is desirable to report the beam failure detection in the detected serving cell 102 and the respective results regarding the possible candidate beams of the serving cell 102 in a failure state to the network device 110, for example, using format 201 or 202. However, in some cases, the available resources for the transmission of information regarding the beam failure detection may not be sufficient, and / or the terminal device 120 finds that it is not necessary to use a large overhead size to report information regarding all results of the beam failure detection. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the terminal device 120 may report partial information regarding the beam failure detection.

[0053] Specifically, in the signaling flow 300, the terminal device 120 determines (310) information indicative of at least respective results of beam failure detection at a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells 102 and transmits (315) the determined information to the network device 110 using resources allocated to the terminal device 120, where the second number is smaller than the first number. That is, the terminal device 120 may determine and transmit information regarding beam failure detection at some but not all of the configured serving cells to reduce the amount of information reported to the network device 110 in the case of BFR. The second number may be predetermined as any number smaller than the total number of configured serving cells 102. The specific number of serving cells for which respective results of beam failure detection are reported will be described in more detail below.

[0054] In some example embodiments, the information indicative of the respective results of the beam failure detection in the second number of serving cells may include respective indications of whether beam failure is detected in the second number of serving cells. The information transmitted to the network device 110 is for triggering a BFR procedure between the network device 110 and the terminal device 120. Thus, such information may also be referred to as BFR-related information.

[0055] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 120 may determine information indicative of respective results of beam failure detection in a second number of serving cells rather than all the first number of serving cells 102 if the terminal device 120 determines that allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of information indicative of respective results of beam failure detection in all the first number of serving cells 102. In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 120 may determine not to report results of beam failure detection for all the first number of serving cells 102 if it is possible to reduce overhead in transmitting information related to beam failure detection.

[0056] Alternatively or additionally, if information regarding beam failure detection is transmitted to the network device 110 in a message of a random access (RA) procedure, in particular a message of a contention-based RA (CBRA) procedure, the terminal device 120 may determine to transmit information regarding only some of the first number of serving cells 102. The message used to convey information regarding beam failure detection may be, for example, Msg3 of a four-step RA procedure or MsgA of a two-step RA procedure. In general, resources allocated to the terminal device 120 for transmitting messages in the RA procedure may be limited, and thus reduced information may be advantageous.

[0057] Alternatively or additionally, if a beam failure is detected in a predetermined cell among all the first number of configured serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may determine to transmit information about only some of the first number of serving cells 102. The predetermined cell may be, for example, an SpCell, such as a PCell or a PScell. In some examples, the terminal device 120 may be configured to initiate an RA procedure if a beam failure is detected on an SpCell. In such a case, a reduction in the amount of information transmitted is desired in view of the limited allocated resources.

[0058] Discussed above are some example scenarios in which reduced information is transmitted by the terminal device 120. It will be understood that the terminal device 120 may be configured to transmit information regarding only some of the first number of serving cells 102 in any other possible scenario.

[0059] On the network device side, the network device 110 receives information indicating at least respective results of the beam failure detection performed on the second number of serving cells (320). In an embodiment of the present disclosure, although only information regarding some, but not all, of the first number of serving cells 102 is received from the terminal device 120, the network device 110 can determine an overall result of the beam failure detection on the first number of serving cells 102 based on the received information (325). Although the overall result may be incomplete, it can still facilitate the BFR procedure between the terminal device 120 and the network device 110. Depending on the particular information determined and transmitted from the terminal device 120, the network device 110 can be informed of different results of the beam failure detection on the serving cells 102.

[0060] The information determined and transmitted by terminal device 120 is described in more detail below.

[0061] In some demonstrative embodiments, if a respective result of the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells 102 is expected to be indicated by all of the first number of bits in the bitmap corresponding to the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may determine only a predetermined portion of the bitmap corresponding to the second number of serving cells and transmit the determined portion of the bitmap without transmitting the remaining portion of the bitmap to the network device 110. To enable the network device 110 to identify the result of the beam failure detection at the second number of serving cells, the terminal device 120 may be configured to transmit only the portion of the bitmap to be reported using currently allocated resources.

[0062] A bitmap expected to indicate the respective results of beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells 102 may be expected to be included in the MAC CE (or BFR MAC CE). For example, the expected bitmap may be similar to bitmap 230 of FIG. 2B. In this example, terminal device 120 may be configured with a maximum number of 32 serving cells. In some other examples, the bitmap may include more or fewer bits corresponding to a different number of serving cells. That is, the first number may be less than or greater than 32. In some other exemplary embodiments, the expected bitmap may be similar to bitmap 230 of FIG. 2B even if the number of serving cells configured for terminal device 120 is less than 32, i.e., the number of serving cells configured for terminal device 120 is 8 or more.

[0063] FIG. 4A illustrates an example format 400 used to report information indicative of at least some of the configured serving cells, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. In this example, beam failure detection at a first number of serving cells 102 is expected to be reported using a bitmap 405 including N bits, where N is equal to the first number. In some example embodiments, the terminal device 120 may determine and transmit only a portion 410 in the expected bitmap 405, e.g., the first octet of the example illustrated in FIG. 4A. The portion 410 corresponds to a portion of all N serving cells, and each bit of the portion 410 may be assigned a predefined value (0 or 1) to indicate the result of the beam failure detection at the corresponding serving cell. For example, where the bits C (i=1, 2, ..., 7) of the first octet may correspond to seven serving cells, such as seven SCells. In some examples, the R bit of the first octet may correspond to the SpCell of the terminal device 120 and therefore the first octet may be included in the information transmitted to the network device 110.

[0064] A first number (N) of serving cells 102 may be identified by their respective cell indices. In some exemplary embodiments, the first number of serving cells 102 correspond to the first number of bits of the bitmap 405 in a particular order of cell indices, such as ascending or descending order. For example, the serving cells may be indexed with cell indices from 1 to 31 (or 0 to 31 if the R bit is included). A serving cell with a cell index of "1" corresponds to the first bit of the first octet of the bitmap 405, a serving cell with a cell index of "2" corresponds to the second bit of the first octet of the bitmap 405, and so on. The correspondence between the serving cells and the bits in the bitmap 405 is known to both the terminal device 120 and the network device 110. Thus, when a portion of the bitmap 405 is transmitted to the network device 110, the network device 110 can recognize the explicit result of beam failure of the second number of serving cells (e.g., the first eight cells). In some examples, a contiguous portion of the bitmap 405 may be determined for transmission.

[0065] Although the first octet is shown in FIG. 4A as an example, the terminal device 120 may determine any portion of the bitmap 405 corresponding to any number of serving cells 102 for transmission to the network device 110, as long as the portion of the bitmap 405 to be reported is known by both the terminal device 120 and the network device 110. For example, if the total bitmap corresponding to the first number (N) of serving cells 102 includes four octets, the first and second octets, the first and third octets, or the second, third, and fourth octets may be assigned a value indicating the result of beam failure detection for the corresponding cells. In some examples, the terminal device 120 may include as many octets of the bitmap as the available resources can accommodate. That is, instead of including only the first octet, the terminal device 120 may also include the first two or three octets of the bitmap if the available resources granted to the terminal device 120 can accommodate a two or three octet bitmap. Although a four-octet bitmap 405 is described, it is understood that the first number of serving cells 102 may be any other number greater than or less than 31, and thus the anticipated bitmap may have any other size. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0066] In addition to the portion of the bitmap used to indicate the respective results of the second number of serving cells, the terminal device 120 may further determine an indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 is communicated to the network device 110. For ease of discussion, such an indication is referred to as a first indication. The first indication may also be included in the information transmitted (215) to the network device 110 using the allocated resources. With the first indication indicated, the network device 110 knows that the first number of serving cells 102 are configured with beam failure detection, so the network device 110 may further determine that one or more beam failures may potentially be detected in one or more other serving cells except for the cell for which the results were reported.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, the portion of the transmitted bitmap may be included in a payload portion of an information element (IE), e.g., the payload portion of the MAC CE, while the first indication may be included in a header portion of the IE. Figure 4A further illustrates a header portion of format 400, including a first portion 420 having an indication field that includes the first indication, and a second portion 430 having a length (represented as "L") field that indicates the length of the payload portion, e.g., portion 410 of bitmap 405.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment where information is transmitted in the BFR MAC CE, the indication field of the first portion 420 of the header portion (also referred to as a sub-header of the BFR MAC CE) may be a logical channel identity (LCID) field used to identify the type of the BFR MAC CE. The LCID field may be set as one of a list of predefined values. The list of predefined values ​​may include a value indicating that the BFR MAC CE is truncated, meaning that the terminal device 120 has more information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 to be reported. The list of predefined values ​​may include a value indicating that the BFR MAC CE is not truncated, meaning that no further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 is conveyed to the network device. In an exemplary embodiment where only a portion of the bitmap 405 is transmitted to the network device 110, the indication field of the portion 410 of the header portion may be set as a value indicating a truncated BFR MAC CE.

[0069] In some examples, where the bitmap has a variable size (e.g., one octet or four octets), the list of predefined values ​​may include four possible values ​​indicating different types of BFR MAC CE, including a value indicating a truncated BFR MAC CE with a one octet bitmap (e.g., a value of "51"), a truncated BFR MAC CE with a four octet bitmap (e.g., a value of "50"), a non-truncated BFR MAC CE with a one octet bitmap (e.g., a value of "49"), and a non-truncated BFR MAC CE with a fourth octet bitmap (e.g., a value of "48"). Of course, these are just some possible values ​​that may be used to indicate to the network device 110 whether there is further information regarding beam failure detection to be communicated to the network device 110.

[0070] In addition to reusing the LCID field of the header portion to convey the first indication, in some other example embodiments, other types of fields may also be included to convey the first indication. In some examples, as shown, the first portion 420 of the header portion may further include a format (represented as "F") field indicating a size of the L field. For example, the size of the F field may be 1 bit, with a value of "0" indicating an 8-bit L field and a value of "1" indicating a 16-bit L field. The first portion 420 may also include an R field indicating reserved bit(s).

[0071] The network device 110 may use the portion of the bitmap and the possibly transmitted first indication to infer the overall result of the beam failure detection at the terminal device 120, but not all of the individual results of the first number of configured serving cells are indicated. For example, if the trigger for reporting the truncated BFR MAC CE is a beam failure detected in a given cell (such as a SpCell), the network device 110 may determine that the given cell has a beam failure even if this result is not explicitly indicated in the portion of the bitmap. Alternatively, the given cell may always be included in the second number of serving cells to allow the network device 110 to know whether this cell has a beam failure or not.

[0072] In some exemplary embodiments, in addition to always including a portion of the bitmap to indicate the respective results for some but not all of the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may determine to transmit a portion of the bitmap if all serving cells for which beam failure is detected correspond to that portion of the bitmap. This is because BFR is required when beam failure is detected, and thus the network device 110 is more interested in the serving cells for which beam failure is detected. In this manner, a reduction in overhead in transmitting information regarding beam failure detection can be achieved.

[0073] Specifically, when one or more beam failures are detected in one or more of the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 can determine whether one or more bits in the expected bitmap corresponding to the serving cell(s) in the failure state are all included in a contiguous portion of the bitmap. This contiguous portion can be pre-configured to be, for example, the first octet of the bitmap, the first two octets of the bitmap, or another portion of the bitmap. Since the first number of serving cells 102 correspond to the first number of bits in the expected bitmap in either ascending or descending order of the cell index of the serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 can determine whether the one or more serving cells in the failure state all correspond to one contiguous portion of the bitmap based on the cell index.

[0074] In some examples, if the first number of serving cells 102 are sorted in ascending order of cell index to correspond to a first number of bits in the bitmap, the terminal device 120 may determine the largest cell index among all serving cell(s) in the failure state. If the largest cell index corresponds to a bit included in a given contiguous portion of the bitmap, then the terminal device 120 may determine that all other serving cell(s) in the failure state correspond to bits in that portion of the bitmap. If the first number of serving cells 102 are sorted in descending order of cell index, the terminal device 120 may be able to make the determination.

[0075] If it is determined that only a portion of the bitmap can be used to indicate beam failure(s) detected in one or more serving cells, the terminal device 120 may determine and transmit only that portion of the bitmap and omit the remaining portion of the bitmap. Continuing to use the format 400 of FIG. 4A as an example, if the terminal device 120 finds that one or more beam failures are detected in the serving cell(s) corresponding to the bits of the first octet of the portion 410, e.g., if the maximum cell index of the serving cell(s) in a failure state is less than 8, the terminal device 120 may determine that the first octet is sufficient to indicate to the network device 110 all serving cell(s) in a failure state. Thus, only the first octet of the bitmap 405 is determined and reported to the network device 110.

[0076] Since all serving cell(s) in which beam failure(s) are detected have been reported to the network device 110, information indicative of the results for the remaining serving cells of the first number of serving cells 102 need not be reported since the results all indicate that no beam failure was detected. Thus, the terminal device 120 may further determine an indication that no further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 is communicated to the network device 110. For ease of discussion, such an indication is referred to as a second indication. The second indication may also be included in the information transmitted (215) to the network device 110 using the allocated resources. In some exemplary embodiments, similar to the first indication, the second indication may be included in a header portion of an IE transmitted to the network device 110. In one example, the second indication may be included in an indication field of the portion 410 as shown in FIG. 4B, such as an LCID field. In some exemplary embodiments, the indication field of the portion 410 may be set to a value indicative of a non-truncated BFR MAC CE, which may mean that no further information is required.

[0077] In some exemplary embodiments, if the currently allocated resources are insufficient for the transmission of the entire bitmap or a predetermined portion of the bitmap corresponding to a smaller number (sometimes referred to as the "third number") of serving cells, the terminal device 120 may omit the payload portion by not transmitting any portion of the bitmap (e.g., any portion of the bitmap 405 in the example of FIG. 4B, even the portion 410 including only the first octet). Instead, the terminal device 120 may transmit only the header portion. In such a case, to convey useful information regarding the detection of beam failure to the network device 110, the terminal device 120 may decide to transmit the header portion only if it is determined that a beam failure is detected in the predetermined cell among all the first number of serving cells 102. Thus, the second number of serving cells in such exemplary embodiments includes the predetermined cell. The predetermined cell may be of more interest during the BFR procedure between the terminal device 120 and the network device 110. In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined cell may be a SpCell, such as a PCell or a PSCell.

[0078] Within the header portion, the terminal device 120 may assign a predefined value to a predefined field of the header portion to indicate that a beam failure is detected in a given cell. FIG. 4B illustrates another example format 400 including a header portion for reporting beam failure, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The terminal device 120 may be configured to indicate that a beam failure is detected in a given cell using an L field in the second portion 430. For example, the L field of the second portion 430 may be set to a zero-valued byte, indicating that the length of the payload portion is zero, thus also implicitly indicating that a beam failure is detected in the given cell.

[0079] In some exemplary embodiments, in addition to the indication that a beam failure is detected in a given cell, if the beam failure is detected only in the given cell and no beam failure occurs in all remaining cells of the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may include the above-mentioned second indication in the header portion to indicate that further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 is not communicated to the network device 110. For example, the indication field of the first portion 420 of FIG. 4B may be set to a value indicating an untruncated BFR MAC CE. If a further beam failure is detected in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells 102, the terminal device 120 may include a first indication in the header portion indicating that further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells 102 is communicated to the network device 110. For example, the indication field of the first portion 420 of FIG. 4B may be set to a value indicating a truncated BFR MAC CE. Thus, even if only the header portion is received from the terminal device 120, the network device 110 can infer from the received information whether a given cell is in a failure state and whether one or more other serving cells are in a failure state.

[0080] Discussed above is the determination of information regarding beam failure detection in some but not all of the first number of serving cells 102. In some examples, the determination of the information may be performed in a MAC entity of the terminal device 120.

[0081] In some examples, the decision to switch between the first RA type and the second RA type according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in a MAC entity of the first device 110. The corresponding operations may be summarized in the statements of Table 1 below. [Table 1-1]

Table 1-2

Table 1-3

Table 1-4

[0082] In some example embodiments, terminal device 120 may need to evaluate the potential size of a MAC CE (or BFR MAC CE). In some examples, when terminal device 120 selects between CBRA random access preamble groups A and B, it needs to evaluate the potential size of the MAC CE it is going to transmit along MsgA or Msg3. More specifically, the terminal device 120 may need to evaluate whether the potential Msg3 size (UL data and MAC header available for transmission, and MAC CE if necessary) is larger than ra-Msg3SizeGroupA and the path loss (of the serving cell performing the random access procedure) is smaller than the parameter "PCMAX" - preambleReceivedTargetPower - msg3-DeltaPreamble - messagePowerOffsetGroupB, or whether the potential MSGA payload size (UL data and MAC header available for transmission, and MAC CE if necessary) is larger than ra-MsgASizeGroupA and the path loss is smaller than PCMAX (of the serving cell performing the random access procedure) - msgA-PreambleReceivedTargetPower - msgA-DeltaPreamble - msgA-messagePowerOffsetGroupB. In such a case, depending on how the terminal device 120 evaluates the possible BFR MAC CE size to be transmitted, it may affect whether the terminal device 120 selects the random access preamble group A or B. It should be noted that random access preamble group B may generally have poorer coverage when the Msg3 or MsgA payload size may be large. Therefore, in some instances, it may be beneficial to select random access preamble group A when a BFR MAC CE is transmitted.

[0083] In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 120 may evaluate the potential size of the BFR MAC CE based on the second number of serving cells, such that the most optimized BFR MAC CE size is assumed. The second number of serving cells may be based on any of the embodiments proposed above. In some exemplary embodiments, the second number of serving cells is used to evaluate the potential size of the BFR MAC CE only if a beam failure is detected in the SpCell. In some exemplary embodiments, the terminal device 120 may select the random access preamble group A if a beam failure is detected in the SpCell.

[0084] Although information regarding beam failure detection included in the MAC CE is discussed, it will be understood that in some other exemplary embodiments, the information may be transmitted to the network device 110 in other types of IEs.

[0085] 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 500 implemented at a terminal device, in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the method 500 is described from the perspective of the terminal device 120 with respect to FIG.

[0086] In block 510, the terminal device 120 performs beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device. In block 520, the terminal device 120 determines information indicative of at least a respective result of the beam failure detection on a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being less than the first number. In block 530, the terminal device 120 transmits the determined information to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device.

[0087] In some exemplary embodiments, respective results of the beam failure detection at a first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a first number of bits in the bitmap corresponding to the first number of serving cells, and the determined information includes a contiguous portion of the bitmap including a second number of bits corresponding to a second number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, transmitting the determined information includes transmitting the contiguous portion of the bitmap without transmitting a remaining portion of the bitmap.

[0088] In some exemplary embodiments, the determined information further includes a first indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device.

[0089] In some exemplary embodiments, the first number of serving cells corresponds to a first number of bits in the order of cell indexes of the first number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, determining the information includes: determining whether at least one bit corresponding to the at least one serving cell is included in a consecutive portion of the bitmap based on the cell index of at least one of the at least one serving cell in accordance with a determination that beam failure is detected in at least one of the first number of serving cells; and determining consecutive portions of the bitmap indicative of respective results of beam failure detection in the second number of serving cells in accordance with a determination that at least one bit corresponding to the at least one serving cell is included in the consecutive portion of the bitmap.

[0090] In some exemplary embodiments, the determined information further includes a second indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device.

[0091] In some exemplary embodiments, transmitting the determined information includes transmitting the information determined according to at least one of: a determination that beam failure is detected in a given cell of the first number of serving cells; a determination that a random access procedure is initiated to transmit information related to the beam failure detection; and a determination that the allocated resources are insufficient for transmitting information indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells.

[0092] In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined cell includes a primary cell or a primary secondary cell.

[0093] In some demonstrative embodiments, determining the information includes: determining, in accordance with a determination that beam failure is detected in a predetermined cell of the first number of serving cells, whether the allocated resources are sufficient for transmission of a payload portion of an information element indicating a respective result of beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells or a third predetermined number of serving cells, where the third number is smaller than the first number and larger than the second number; and, in accordance with a determination that the allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of the payload portion, assigning a predetermined value to a field in a header portion of the information element to indicate that beam failure is detected in the predetermined cell.

[0094] In some demonstrative embodiments, determining the information further includes determining the header portion to include a first indication that, in accordance with a detection that a further beam failure is detected in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells, further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device, and determining the header portion to include a second indication that, in accordance with a detection that a beam failure is detected only in a predetermined cell, further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is not communicated to the network device.

[0095] 6 illustrates a flowchart of an example method 600 implemented in a network device, according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For purposes of discussion, the method 600 is described from the perspective of the network device 110 with respect to FIG.

[0096] In block 610, the network device 110 receives information from the terminal device indicating at least respective results of beam failure detection performed on the second number of serving cells. In accordance with a determination that the first number of serving cells are configured with beam failure detection by the terminal device, in block 620, the network device 110 determines, based on the received information, an overall result of the beam failure detection on the first number of serving cells, where the second number is less than the first number.

[0097] In some exemplary embodiments, each result of the beam failure detection at a first number of serving cells is expected to be indicated by a first number of bits in the bitmap corresponding to the first number of serving cells, and the received information includes a successive portion of the bitmap including a second number of bits corresponding to a second number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, receiving the information includes receiving the successive portion of the bitmap without receiving a remaining portion of the bitmap.

[0098] In some exemplary embodiments, the received information further includes a first indication that further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device. In some exemplary embodiments, determining an overall result of the beam failure detection includes determining, based on the consecutive portions of the bitmap and the first indication, that beam failure is likely detected by the terminal device in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells other than the second number of serving cells.

[0099] In some exemplary embodiments, the first number of serving cells corresponds to a first number of bits in a cell index order of the first number of serving cells, and the received information further includes a second indication that no further information regarding beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device. In some exemplary embodiments, determining an overall result of the beam failure detection includes determining from the successive portions of the bitmap and the second indication that beam failure is not detected by the terminal device at remaining serving cells of the first number of serving cells other than the second number of serving cells.

[0100] In some exemplary embodiments, the received information includes a field in a header portion of the information element that is assigned a predetermined value indicating that a beam failure is detected in a given cell of the first number of serving cells.

[0101] In some demonstrative embodiments, determining an overall result of the beam failure detection includes determining based on the header portion and the first indication in accordance with the received information, the header portion further including a first indication in that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the network device, that further beam failure is detected in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells other than the predetermined cell, and determining based on the header portion and the second indication in accordance with the received information, the header portion further including a second indication in that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is not communicated to the network device, that beam failure is not detected in remaining serving cells of the first number of serving cells other than the predetermined cell.

[0102] In some demonstrative embodiments, a first apparatus (e.g., terminal device 120) capable of performing any of the methods 500 may comprise means for performing each operation of the method 500. The means may be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the terminal device 120.

[0103] In some exemplary embodiments, the first device comprises means for performing beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the first device, determining information indicative of at least respective results of the beam failure detection for a second number of serving cells among the first number of serving cells, the second number being smaller than the first number, and transmitting the determined information to a second device serving the first device (e.g., implemented as or included in network device 110) using resources allocated to the first device.

[0104] In some exemplary embodiments, respective results of the beam failure detection at a first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a first number of bits in the bitmap corresponding to the first number of serving cells, and the determined information includes a contiguous portion of the bitmap including a second number of bits corresponding to a second number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, the means for transmitting the determined information includes means for transmitting the contiguous portion of the bitmap without transmitting a remaining portion of the bitmap.

[0105] In some exemplary embodiments, the determined information further includes a first indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second apparatus.

[0106] In some exemplary embodiments, the first number of serving cells corresponds to a first number of bits in an order of cell indexes of the first number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining information comprises means for determining whether at least one bit corresponding to the at least one serving cell is included in a consecutive portion of a bitmap based on the at least one cell index of the at least one serving cell in accordance with a determination that beam failure is detected in at least one of the first number of serving cells, and determining consecutive portions of a bitmap indicative of respective results of beam failure detection in the second number of serving cells in accordance with a determination that at least one bit corresponding to the at least one serving cell is included in the consecutive portion of the bitmap.

[0107] In some exemplary embodiments, the determined information further includes a second indication that no further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second apparatus.

[0108] In some exemplary embodiments, the means for transmitting the determined information comprises means for transmitting the information determined in accordance with at least one of a determination that beam failure is detected in a given cell of the first number of serving cells, a determination that a random access procedure is initiated to transmit information related to the beam failure detection, and a determination that the allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of information indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells.

[0109] In some exemplary embodiments, the predetermined cell includes a primary cell or a primary secondary cell.

[0110] In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining the information comprises means for determining, in accordance with a determination that beam failure is detected in a predetermined cell of the first number of serving cells, whether the allocated resources are sufficient for transmission of a payload portion of an information element indicating a respective result of beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells or a third predetermined number of serving cells, where the third number is smaller than the first number and larger than the second number, and, in accordance with a determination that the allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of the payload portion of the information element, assigning a predetermined value to a field in a header portion of the information element indicating that beam failure is detected in the predetermined cell.

[0111] In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining the information further comprises means for determining the header portion to include a first indication that further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second device in accordance with a detection that a further beam failure is detected in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells, and determining the header portion to include a second indication that further information regarding the beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is not communicated to the second device in accordance with a detection that a beam failure is detected only in a predetermined cell.

[0112] In some exemplary embodiments, the first apparatus further comprises means for performing other operations in some exemplary embodiments of method 500. In some exemplary embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to cause execution of the first apparatus with the at least one processor.

[0113] In some demonstrative embodiments, a second apparatus (e.g., network device 110) capable of performing any of methods 600 may comprise means for performing each operation of method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuit or a software module. The second apparatus may be implemented as or included in network device 110.

[0114] In some demonstrative embodiments, this second apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a first apparatus (e.g., implemented as or included in terminal device 120), information indicating at least respective results of beam failure detection performed in a second number of serving cells, and, in accordance with a determination that the first number of serving cells are configured with beam failure detection by the first apparatus, determining, based on the received information, an overall result of beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells, the second number being smaller than the first number.

[0115] In some exemplary embodiments, respective results of the beam failure detection at a first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a first number of bits in a bitmap corresponding to the first number of serving cells, and the received information includes a successive portion of the bitmap including a second number of bits corresponding to a second number of serving cells. In some exemplary embodiments, the means for receiving the information comprises means for receiving the successive portion of the bitmap without receiving a remaining portion of the bitmap.

[0116] In some exemplary embodiments, the received information further includes a first indication that further information regarding the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second device. In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining an overall result of the beam failure detection comprises means for determining, based on the consecutive portion of the bitmap and the first indication, that beam failure is likely detected by the first device at at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells other than the second number of serving cells.

[0117] In some exemplary embodiments, the first number of serving cells corresponds to a first number of bits in a cell index order of the first number of serving cells, and the received information further includes a second indication that no further information regarding beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second device. In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining an overall result of the beam failure detection comprises means for determining from the successive portions of the bitmap and the second indication that beam failure is not detected by the first device at remaining serving cells of the first number of serving cells other than the second number of serving cells.

[0118] In some exemplary embodiments, the received information includes a field in a header portion of the information element that is assigned a predetermined value indicating that a beam failure is detected in a given cell of the first number of serving cells.

[0119] In some exemplary embodiments, the means for determining an overall result of beam failure detection comprises means for determining, based on the header portion and the first indication in accordance with the received information, the header portion further including a first indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is communicated to the second device, that further beam failure is detected in at least one further serving cell of the first number of serving cells other than the predetermined cell, and determining, based on the header portion and the second indication in accordance with the received information, the header portion further including a second indication that further information regarding beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells is not communicated to the second device, that beam failure is not detected in remaining serving cells of the first number of serving cells other than the predetermined cell.

[0120] In some exemplary embodiments, the second device further comprises means for performing other operations in some exemplary embodiments of method 600. In some exemplary embodiments, the means comprises at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to cause execution of the second device with the at least one processor.

[0121] 7 is a simplified block diagram of a device 700 suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be provided to implement a communication device such as, for example, the network device 110 or the terminal device 120 shown in FIG. 1. As shown, the device 700 includes one or more processors 710, one or more memories 720 coupled to the processor 710, and one or more communication modules 740 coupled to the processor 710.

[0122] The communications module 740 is for bidirectional communication. The communications module 740 has one or more communications interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices. The communications interfaces may represent any interface necessary for communication with other network elements. In some demonstrative embodiments, the communications module 740 may include at least one antenna.

[0123] The processor 710 may be of any type suitable for a local technology network and may include, by way of non-limiting examples, one or more of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. The device 700 may have multiple processors, such as application specific integrated circuit chips time-slaved to a clock that synchronizes the main processor.

[0124] The memory 720 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories. Examples of non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, read only memory (ROM) 724, electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disks, compact disks (CDs), digital video disks (DVDs), optical disks, laser disks, and other magnetic and / or optical storage devices. Examples of volatile memories include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM) 722 and other volatile memories that do not persist while power is off.

[0125] The computer program 730 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 710. The program 730 may be stored in a memory, for example in the ROM 724. The processor 710 may load the program 730 into the RAM 722 to perform any suitable operation and processing.

[0126] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented by a program 730 such that the device 700 can execute any process of the present disclosure described with reference to Figures 3 to 6. An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or a combination of software and hardware.

[0127] In some exemplary embodiments, the program 730 may be tangibly included in a computer-readable medium that may be included in the device 700 (such as memory 720) or in other storage accessible by the device 700. The device 700 may load the program 730 from the computer-readable medium into RAM 722 for execution. The computer-readable medium may include any type of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk, CD, DVD, etc. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a computer-readable medium 800, which may be in the form of a CD, DVD, or other optical storage disk. The computer-readable medium has the program 730 stored thereon.

[0128] In general, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or dedicated circuits, software, logic, or any combination thereof. Certain aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software that may be executed by a controller, microprocessor, or other computing device. Although various aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described as block diagrams, flow charts, or using any other graphical representation, it should be understood that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented, by way of non-limiting examples, in hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controllers or other computing devices, or any combination thereof.

[0129] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, e.g., included in program modules, that execute on a target physical or virtual processor device to perform any of the methods described above with reference to Figures 3-6. Typically, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, or data structures that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split among program modules as desired in various embodiments. The machine-executable instructions of the program modules may be executed in a local device or in a distributed device. In a distributed device, the program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.

[0130] The program codes for carrying out the methods of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus such that, when the program codes are executed by the processor or controller, it performs the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. The program codes can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0131] In the context of the present disclosure, computer program code or associated data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable a device, apparatus, or processor to perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, etc.

[0132] The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the above. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0133] Furthermore, although operations are shown in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown, or sequentially, or that all of the operations shown be performed in order to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although details of several specific implementations are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to certain embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0134] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure, as defined by the appended claims, is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A terminal device, comprising: At least one processor; at least one memory containing program code; A terminal device comprising: The at least one memory and the program code are written to the terminal device using the at least one processor, performing beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device; determining that a beam failure is detected at a predetermined serving cell of the first number of serving cells, the predetermined serving cell comprising a special cell (SpCell); initiating a random access procedure; evaluating the potential size of a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) that the terminal device intends to transmit along MsgA or Msg3; selecting between random access preamble groups A and B for contention based random access in response to an assessment of the potential sizes of the MAC CE; determining that allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of information indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells, wherein the respective results of the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a bitmap expected to be included in a beam failure recovery (BFR) MAC CE, the expected bitmap being a 4-octet bitmap indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection at up to 32 serving cells; determining information indicative of at least a respective result of the beam failure detection at a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being less than the first number, the determined information including a portion of the expected bitmap corresponding to a first octet of the four-octet bitmap, and omitting a remaining portion of the expected bitmap; transmitting the determined information to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device, the determined information being included in a MAC CE, the determined information being transmitted to the network device in a message of the random access procedure, and one bit of the first octet of the four-octet bitmap being used to indicate a result of beam failure detection in the special cell; A terminal device configured to run the

2. The at least one memory and the program code are provided to the terminal device by using the at least one processor, The terminal device of claim 1, further configured to execute determining that resources allocated for the terminal device are sufficient for transmitting an indication of a result of beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells.

3. The terminal device of claim 1 , wherein the resources allocated for the terminal device are sufficient for transmission of an indication of a result of beam failure detection in the second number of serving cells.

4. The terminal device of claim 1 , wherein each bit of the bitmap indicates whether the beam failure is detected in one of the first number of serving cells or the second number of serving cells.

5. The terminal device of claim 4 , wherein each cell is associated with a different cell index.

6. The terminal device of claim 5 , wherein one bit in the bitmap corresponds to one cell associated with a cell index of its serving cell.

7. The terminal device of claim 5 , wherein one bit corresponds to a cell index of the given serving cell.

8. performing beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device; determining that a beam failure is detected at a predetermined serving cell of the first number of serving cells, the predetermined serving cell comprising a special cell (SpCell); initiating a random access procedure; evaluating the potential size of a Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE) that the terminal device intends to transmit along MsgA or Msg3; selecting between random access preamble groups A and B for contention based random access in response to an assessment of the potential sizes of the MAC CE; determining that allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of information indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells, wherein the respective results of the beam failure detection at the first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a bitmap expected to be included in a beam failure recovery (BFR) MAC CE, the expected bitmap being a 4-octet bitmap indicative of a respective result of the beam failure detection at up to 32 serving cells; determining information indicative of at least a respective result of the beam failure detection at a second number of serving cells of the first number of serving cells, the second number being less than the first number, the determined information including a portion of the expected bitmap corresponding to a first octet of the four-octet bitmap, and omitting a remaining portion of the expected bitmap; transmitting the determined information to a network device serving the terminal device using resources allocated to the terminal device, the determined information being included in a MAC CE, the determined information being transmitted to the network device in a message of the random access procedure, and one bit of the first octet of the four-octet bitmap being used to indicate a result of beam failure detection in the SpCell; A method for providing the above.

9. 10. The method of claim 8, further comprising determining that resources allocated for the terminal device are sufficient for transmission of an indication of a result of beam failure detection in the first number of serving cells.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the resources allocated for the terminal device are sufficient for transmission of an indication of a result of beam failure detection in the second number of serving cells.

11. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein each bit of the bitmap indicates whether the beam failure is detected in one of the first or second number of serving cells.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein each cell is associated with a different cell index.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein a bit in the bitmap corresponds to a cell associated with a cell index of its serving cell.

14. The method of claim 12 , wherein one bit corresponds to a cell index of the given serving cell.

15. A terminal device, comprising: At least one processor; at least one memory storing instructions; when executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor causes the terminal device to performing beam failure detection on a first number of serving cells configured for the terminal device, the first number of serving cells comprising a special cell (SpCell) and a plurality of secondary cells (SCells); determining that a beam failure is detected in a predetermined cell of a second number of serving cells, the predetermined cell comprising the SpCell and / or at least one SCell, the second number being less than the first number; determining that allocated resources are insufficient for transmission of information indicative of respective results of the beam failure detections at the first number of serving cells, wherein the respective results of the beam failure detections at the first number of serving cells are expected to be indicated by a four-octet bitmap included in a truncated BFR MAC CE, the four-octet bitmap being operable to indicate respective results of beam failure detections at up to 32 serving cells; determining information indicative of a result of each of the beam failures detected for the second number of serving cells, the determined information including a portion of the four-octet bitmap corresponding to a first octet of the four-octet bitmap and omitting a remaining portion of the four-octet bitmap; evaluating a potential size of a MAC CE that the terminal device intends to transmit along Msg A or Msg 3 of a random access procedure; selecting between random access preamble group A and group B for contention based random access depending on the potential size of the MAC CE; transmitting the determined information in a MAC CE of a message of the random access procedure to a network device serving the terminal device using a random access resource assigned to the terminal device, wherein one bit of the first octet is used to indicate a result of beam failure detection in the SpCell; A terminal device configured to run the

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