Strawberry cultivation equipment

Abstract

To reduce the complexity of installing work or maintenance work of an apparatus by a simple configuration, thereby reducing the required cost.SOLUTION: A strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 comprises: an air conditioner 20 which blows out temperature-controlled air; and a duct 50 which circulates air blown out from the air conditioner 20, and blows out air around strawberry seedlings planted in a greenhouse 2 from the duct 50. The duct 50 is made of a non-woven fabric bag having a blow-out part provided in the vicinity of a crown part of the strawberry seedlings, and the air blown out from the air conditioner 20 is blown into the bag to be blown out to around the crown part via the blow-out part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a strawberry cultivation apparatus. More specifically, the present invention relates to a strawberry cultivation apparatus that can delay the harvest time of strawberries cultivated in a greenhouse by air-cooling the strawberries. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, strawberries were grown outdoors and harvested in April to May, but with the spread of forced cultivation and retarded cultivation in greenhouses, they are now harvested and shipped to the market from December to May, excluding the hot season. High temperatures inhibit the growth of strawberries, so it is difficult for the currently mainstream one-season varieties to form continuous flower buds under high temperature and long day conditions. For this reason, a water-cooled cooling system developed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and others that circulates cold water around the base of the plant (hereafter referred to as the crown) is being trialed in various regions, and it has been confirmed that this system increases yields when forcing one-season varieties.

[0003] In a water-cooled cooling system, the distance between the cooling pipes that circulate the cold water and the crown parts is made as equal as possible, so that each crown part is cooled with a constant cooling efficiency. However, the position and orientation of the seedlings vary, and it is difficult to arrange them so that the distance between the cooling pipes and the crown parts is equal, so it is difficult to cool them with a constant cooling efficiency. Therefore, by introducing an air-cooled cooling system instead of a water-cooled system, a strawberry cultivation device has been developed that can cool the crown parts of the seedlings with a constant cooling efficiency compared to a water-cooled cooling system (see Patent Document 1).

[0004] In the strawberry cultivation device of this air-cooling cooling system, a film member having a through hole through which the crown of the seedling passes is provided, and cold air is blown into the inner space of the film member from the peripheral side of a horizontally installed synthetic resin polyduct, and ventilated to the outside through the through hole. When the cold air passes through the through hole, it cools the crown. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] JP 2010-227053 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, the strawberry cultivation device described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 requires a film member with a through hole through which the crown of each seedling passes, a horizontal plastic duct to blow cold air into the inner space of the film member, and a stand for placing the seedlings on the upper side of the plastic duct, making the device large-scale. This makes the installation and maintenance of the device complicated, and increases the cost.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a strawberry cultivation device that has a simple configuration, reduces the complexity of installation and maintenance work for the device, and enables cost reduction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] In order to achieve this object, the strawberry cultivation apparatus of the present invention is provided with an air conditioning device that blows out temperature-adjusted air, and a duct through which the air blown out from the air conditioning device circulates. In the strawberry cultivation apparatus that blows out air from the duct around strawberry seedlings planted in a greenhouse, the duct is made of a bag body having a blowing part made of a nonwoven fabric provided in the vicinity of the crown part of the strawberry seedling, and the air blown out from the air conditioning device is blown into the bag body. The nonwoven fabric The blowing section It passes through the area and becomes a gentle breeze. I'm trying to let it out.

[0009] In addition, in the strawberry cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the duct may be entirely made of nonwoven fabric. In addition, in the strawberry cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the strawberry seedlings may be planted in two rows, and the duct may be disposed between and along the rows of the strawberry seedlings.

[0010] In addition, the strawberry cultivation apparatus of the present invention may be provided with a blower interposed between the air conditioning unit and the duct for blowing air blown out from the air conditioning unit into the duct, and a heater capable of heating the air. Effect of the Invention

[0011] According to the strawberry cultivation device of the present invention, the duct is made of a bag body having a blowing part made of nonwoven fabric provided near the crown part of the strawberry seedlings, and the air blown out from the air conditioning device is blown into the inside of the bag body and blown out near the crown part through the blowing part, so that it is possible to eliminate the need for a film member having a through hole through which the crown part of each seedling passes and a horizontally installed poly duct to blow cold air into the inner space of the film member. Therefore, compared to the case where these film members and poly ducts are used, the complexity of the installation work and maintenance work of the device can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

[0012] In addition, according to the strawberry cultivation device of the present invention, the cold air from the air conditioner passes through the nonwoven fabric and is blown as a gentle breeze, which prevents temperature unevenness and prevents strong winds from blowing onto the crown, thereby preventing the seedlings from wilting. Furthermore, since the cold air from the air conditioner passes through the nonwoven fabric before being blown, dust, mold, bacteria, etc. contained in the cold air are captured, which prevents adverse effects on the strawberry seedlings.

[0013] According to the strawberry cultivation device of the present invention, when the duct is made entirely of nonwoven fabric, the duct can be easily installed and manufactured, the complexity of the installation and maintenance work of the device can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

[0014] According to the strawberry cultivation device of the present invention, when strawberry seedlings are planted in two rows and the duct is arranged between and along the rows of strawberry seedlings, the cool air blown out from the blowing part of the duct is efficiently blown onto the crown parts of the seedlings, so that the crown parts can be cooled with a certain cooling efficiency.

[0015] According to the strawberry cultivation device of the present invention, when it is equipped with a blower device interposed between the air conditioning unit and the duct that blows air blown out from the air conditioning unit into the duct, and a heater capable of heating the air, it is possible to ensure that air is blown into the duct and to prevent the cold air from becoming excessively cold. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of an example of an embodiment of a strawberry cultivation apparatus according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] 2A is a plan view of the strawberry cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 with a portion thereof omitted, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the same. [Diagram 3] 1 is a graph showing the monthly strawberry harvest yield for each cultivation method, where (a) is variety A and (b) is variety B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on an example of an embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0018] 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 is installed inside a greenhouse 2.

[0019] The strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment roughly comprises a stand 10, an air conditioning device 20, a blower unit 30, and a duct 50. The strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 is configured to blow air, the temperature of which has been adjusted by the air conditioning device 20, out of the duct 50 around the strawberry seedlings 60 planted in the greenhouse 2. The stand 10 is an elevated cultivation stand, and supports the planted strawberry seedlings above the ground. In this embodiment, the strawberry seedlings 60 are planted in two rows in a double-row planting system, and are supported by the stand 10 (see FIG. 2(a)).

[0020] The air conditioner 20 is, for example, a heat pump, and has an intake port 11, an exhaust duct 12, an air supply duct 13, and a temperature sensor 14, and blows out temperature-adjusted air. The exhaust duct 12 is connected to the outside of the greenhouse 2. The air supply duct 13 is connected to the blower unit 30. The temperature sensor 14 measures the air temperature at the intake port 11. In this air conditioner 20, air cooled by a heat pump from the air in the greenhouse 2 sucked in from the air supply port 11 is supplied to the blower unit 30 through the air supply duct 13, while the heated air is exhausted from the exhaust duct 12. In this embodiment, a case where a heat pump is applied as the air conditioner 20 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of coolers may be applied.

[0021] The blower unit 30 has a blower 40, a heater 41, and a temperature sensor 42. The blower 40 is, for example, a sirocco fan, and blows the cold air supplied from the air supply duct 13 to the duct 50. The heater 41 is, for example, an electric heater, and is capable of heating the cold air blown out from the blower 40. The cold air is supplied to the duct 50 from a tubular air supply section 31 via the heater 41. The duct 50 is attached to the air supply section 31. The temperature sensor 42 is provided inside the air supply section 31, and measures the temperature of the cold air.

[0022] The duct 50 circulates air blown out from the air conditioning device 20, and is horizontally arranged in a tubular shape along the rows of strawberry seedlings 60 as shown in FIG. 2(a). The duct 50 has an opening 51 formed at the end on the blower unit 30 side and a bottom 52 formed at the opposite end. That is, the duct 50 is a bag made of nonwoven fabric provided near the crown part 61 (see FIG. 2(b)) which is the base of the strawberry seedlings 60. The opening 51 is attached to the air intake part 31 of the blower unit 30. As shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), the duct 50 is arranged between the two rows of strawberry seedlings 60, along the longitudinal direction of the rows, and at a height near the crown part 61.

[0023] As the nonwoven fabric applied as the duct 50, for example, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene, etc. can be appropriately used. In this embodiment, since the entire duct 50 is made of nonwoven fabric, the cold air can be blown out from the entire duct 50 to cool the crown part 61 of the seedling 60. In this embodiment, the case where the entire duct 50 is made of nonwoven fabric is described, but this is not limited to this. For example, it is sufficient that the part (blowout part) that blows out the cold air to the crown part 61 of the seedling 60 is made of nonwoven fabric, and the other parts of the duct may be formed of an impermeable material, such as a resin such as polyvinyl chloride or a metal. In this case, the air blown out from the air conditioning device 20 is blown into the inside of the duct 50 and blown out to the vicinity of the crown part 61 through the blowout part. In this embodiment, the entire duct 50 corresponds to the blowout part.

[0024] As described above, according to the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the duct 50 is made of a nonwoven bag, and the air blown out from the air conditioning device 20 is blown out from the duct 50 to the vicinity of the crown portion 61, making it possible to eliminate the need for a film member having a through hole through which the crown portion 61 of each seedling penetrates, or a horizontally installed poly duct for blowing cool air into the inner space of the film member. Therefore, compared to the case where these film members and poly ducts are used, the complexity of the installation work and maintenance work of the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 can be reduced, and costs can be reduced.

[0025] Moreover, according to the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the cold air from the air conditioning device 20 passes through the nonwoven fabric and is blown as a gentle breeze, which suppresses the occurrence of temperature unevenness and prevents strong winds from blowing onto the crown portion 61, thereby suppressing wilting of the seedlings. Furthermore, since the cold air from the air conditioning device 20 is blown through the nonwoven fabric, dust, mold, bacteria, etc. contained in the cold air are captured, which suppresses adverse effects on the strawberry seedlings. Furthermore, since the inside of the greenhouse 2 is cooled, work in the greenhouse 2 can be performed comfortably even during the hot season from June to August.

[0026] Furthermore, according to the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the duct 50 is made entirely of nonwoven fabric, which makes it easy to install and manufacture the duct 50, reduces the complexity of the installation and maintenance work for the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1, and reduces costs.

[0027] Furthermore, according to the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the duct 50 is disposed between and along the rows of strawberry seedlings 60 planted in two rows, so that the cool air blown out from the duct 50 is efficiently blown onto the crown portion 61 of the seedlings 60. This allows the crown portion 61 to be cooled with a constant cooling efficiency. Furthermore, when installing the duct 50, it is only necessary to place it between the rows of strawberry seedlings 60, so that the workability can be improved compared to the case where a film member or the like is provided.

[0028] In addition, according to the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment, since the air blowing unit 30 is provided between the air conditioning device 20 and the duct 50, it is possible to ensure air blowing to the duct 50 and to prevent the cold air from becoming excessively cold.

[0029] The above-described embodiment is one example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0030] For example, in the above description, the strawberry seedlings 60 are planted in two rows, but this is not limited thereto, and single-row planting is also acceptable. In this case, it is preferable that the duct 50 is disposed near the crown portion 61 along the row of seedlings 60. Alternatively, the strawberry seedlings 60 are not limited to being disposed in a row, and only one plant may be planted, and the duct 50 may be disposed near it. EXAMPLES

[0031] Hereinafter, an example of the strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 using the above-described embodiment will be described in detail. In this example, a spot air conditioner (SUBSP2BU, cooling capacity 3.8 kW, cool air blowing temperature difference 9°C, air volume 12 m) is used as the air conditioning device 20. 3 The blower unit 30 used was a blower unit (sirocco fan, electric heater, temperature sensor, air volume 12 m 3 / m, Akitsu Measurement Co., Ltd.) was used. As the duct 50, a nonwoven fabric duct (Denshi Sani Filter (registered trademark), Φ70 mm, length 10 m, Sunroad Co., Ltd.) was used. As a control panel for controlling these, an integrated control panel (MCTR-C24B24-228, Akitsu Measurement Co., Ltd.) was used. The duct 50 was placed between the rows of planted strawberries, and the duct 50 was inflated with air from the blower unit 30.

[0032] Using this embodiment, the effect of extending the harvest period by local cooling was verified. Here, a comparative verification was performed by using a strawberry cultivation apparatus 1 (air-cooled area) using the above-mentioned air-cooled cooling system, a strawberry cultivation apparatus (water-cooled area) using a water-cooled cooling system as a comparison, and a strawberry cultivation apparatus (control area) without a cooling system, with different cultivation methods.

[0033] First, strawberry seedlings (variety A and variety B) that had been subjected to short-day low-temperature treatment (day length 8 h, temperature 13°C, 5 weeks) were planted in late September 2019, and then fruits were harvested in sequence from November 2019 to March 2020 without any treatment in the air-cooling, water-cooling, and control areas. Then, from April 2020 to August 2020, in the air-cooling and water-cooling areas, local cooling was performed with a set temperature of 15°C during the day and 15°C at night, and the fruits were harvested in sequence. The results are shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b).

[0034] As shown in Figure 3(a), in the air-cooled area of ​​variety A, the peak harvest was in June, confirming that the harvest time could be extended by one month. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3(b), for variety B, the peak harvest was in June in all test areas, but the number of fruits harvested in July and August in the water-cooled and air-cooled areas both doubled compared to the control area. From the above, it became clear that by using localized cooling, the harvest time could be extended for both varieties, and it was shown that variety B in particular could be harvested even during the high temperature period from July to August. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1 Strawberry cultivation equipment 2 Greenhouse 20 Air conditioning equipment 40 Blower 41 Heater 50 Duct (outlet) 60 seedlings 61 Crown part

Claims

1. A strawberry cultivation apparatus including an air conditioner that blows out temperature-adjusted air and a duct through which the air blown out from the air conditioner circulates, the strawberry cultivation apparatus blowing out the air from the duct around strawberry seedlings planted in a greenhouse, The strawberry cultivation device is characterized in that the duct consists of a bag body having an outlet portion made of nonwoven fabric located near the crown portion of the strawberry seedling, and air blown out from the air conditioning unit is blown into the inside of the bag body, passes through the outlet portion of the nonwoven fabric, and becomes a gentle breeze and is blown out to the surrounding area.

2. The strawberry cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the duct is entirely made of nonwoven fabric.

3. The strawberry plants are planted in two rows, 3. The strawberry cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ducts are arranged between and along the rows of strawberry seedlings.

4. A strawberry cultivation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a blower interposed between the air conditioning unit and the duct, which blows air blown out from the air conditioning unit into the duct, and a heater capable of heating the air.

Images