MEASUREMENT METHOD, MEASUREMENT DEVICE, MEASUREMENT SYSTEM, AND MEASUREMENT PROGRAM

Abstract

To provide a measurement method capable of accurately calculating a static response and a dynamic response when a movable body moves through a structure.SOLUTION: A measurement method includes the steps of: performing filter processing on first measurement data based on observation data to generate second measurement data; calculating a first flexure amount of the structure on the basis of an approximate expression of flexure of a structure, observation information, and environment information; performing filter processing on the first flexure amount to calculate a second flexure amount; calculating a third flexure amount on the basis of the second flexure amount and a first order coefficient and a zero-th order coefficient that are calculated on the basis of the second measurement data and the second flexure amount; calculating an offset on the basis of the zero-th order coefficient, the second flexure amount, and the third flexure amount; calculating a first static response by adding the offset and a product of the first order coefficient and the first flexure amount; and calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 22

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a measurement method, a measurement device, a measurement system, and a measurement program. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a method for evaluating the dynamic response of a railway bridge, which includes providing an accelerometer for measuring vertical acceleration in each of the front and rear cars of a train, measuring the vertical acceleration of the front and rear cars while the train is running, extracting measurement data of the accelerometers when passing over a bridge, calculating an acceleration amplification factor by dividing the feature amount of the vertical acceleration measured by the accelerometer of the rear car by the feature amount of the vertical acceleration measured by the front car, and applying the acceleration amplification factor to a previously obtained relational expression between the bridge's impact coefficient and the acceleration amplification factor to calculate the bridge's impact coefficient (dynamic response component). This dynamic response evaluation method focuses on the fact that almost no dynamic response occurs in the bridge when the front car passes, and that static and dynamic responses occur in the bridge when the rear car passes, and can easily and comprehensively calculate the bridge's impact coefficient (dynamic response component) based on the vertical acceleration measured by the accelerometers provided in each of the front and rear cars of the train. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2017-20172 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the dynamic response evaluation method described in Patent Document 1, the acceleration amplification factor, which is calculated by dividing the characteristic amount of vertical acceleration measured by the accelerometer of the rearmost vehicle by the characteristic amount of vertical acceleration measured by the frontmost vehicle, is unable to sufficiently separate static and dynamic responses, the relational equation between the bridge impact coefficient and the acceleration amplification factor is not accurate enough, and there are errors due to the measurement point of the vertical acceleration and vehicle vibration, etc., so the calculation accuracy of the dynamic response is insufficient. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] One aspect of the measurement method according to the present invention is to a first measurement data generation step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; Includes.

[0006] One aspect of the measuring device according to the present invention is a first measurement data generation unit that generates first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating unit that generates second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating unit that generates observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation unit that calculates an average speed of the moving object based on the observation information and environmental information that is created in advance and includes dimensions of the moving object and dimensions of the structure; a first deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation unit that approximates the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculates a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation unit that calculates an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation unit that calculates a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation unit that calculates a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; Includes.

[0007] One aspect of the measurement system according to the present invention is An embodiment of the measuring device; The observation device; Equipped with.

[0008] One aspect of the measurement program according to the present invention is a first measurement data generation step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; and a first dynamic response calculating step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a measurement system. [Diagram 2] A cross-sectional view of the superstructure in Figure 1 taken along line AA. [Diagram 3] 4 is a diagram illustrating acceleration detected by an acceleration sensor. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data u(t). [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 shows the power spectrum density of measurement data u(t). [Figure 6] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data ulp(t). [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between measurement data ulp(t) and approach time ti and exit time to. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the vehicle length LC (Cm) and the distance between the axles La (aw(Cm,n)). [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram of the structural model of the bridge superstructure. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a deflection amount wstd(aw(Cm,n),t). [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a deflection amount Cstd(Cm,t). [Figure 12] FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a deflection amount Tstd(t). [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a deflection amount Tstd_lp(t). [Figure 14] 1 is a diagram showing measurement data ulp(t) and the amount of deflection Tstd_lp(t) superimposed on each other. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a deflection amount TEstd_lp(t). [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a deflection amount TEstd(t). [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the amount of deflection TEstd_lp(t) and the predetermined interval Tavg for calculating the average value of the amount of deflection Tstd_lp(t) and the amount of deflection Tstd_lp(t). [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of an offset Toffset_std(t). [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a graph showing an example of a deflection amount TEOstd(t). [Figure 20]FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between measurement data u(t) and deflection amount TEOstd(t). [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of natural vibration unv(t). [Figure 22] FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a measurement method according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 23] FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a first measurement data generating step. [Figure 24] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a second measurement data generating step. [Diagram 25] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of an observation information generating process. [Figure 26] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of an average velocity calculation step. [Figure 27] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a first deflection amount calculation step. [Figure 28] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a second deflection amount calculation step. [Figure 29] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of an offset calculation process. [Diagram 30] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing configuration examples of a sensor, a measuring device, and a monitoring device. [Diagram 31] A diagram showing the power spectrum density of the natural vibration unv(t). [Diagram 32] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of a high-pass filter. [Diagram 33] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of natural vibration unv_hp(t). [Diagram 34] FIG. 13 is a graph showing the deflection TEOstd(t) and the static response TE(t) superimposed on each other. [Diagram 35] A diagram showing the static response TE(t) and the measurement data u(t) superimposed. [Diagram 36] A graph showing the static response TE(t) and the natural vibration unv_hp(t) superimposed. [Figure 37] A diagram showing the power spectrum density of the static response TE(t) and the natural vibration unv(t) superimposed. [Figure 38] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the vibration component TE_hp(t) and the natural vibration unv_hp(t) superimposed on each other. [Figure 39] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the envelope uhp_mag(t) and the envelope unv_hp_mag(t) superimposed on each other. [Diagram 40] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a measurement method according to a second embodiment. [Diagram 41] FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure of a second dynamic response calculation step. [Diagram 42] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a measurement device according to a second embodiment. [Diagram 43] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the measurement system. [Diagram 44] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the measurement system. [Diagram 45] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the measurement system. [Figure 46] A cross-sectional view of the superstructure in Figure 45 taken along line AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments described below do not unduly limit the contents of the present invention described in the claims. Furthermore, not all of the configurations described below are necessarily essential components of the present invention.

[0011] 1. First embodiment 1-1. Measurement system configuration The moving object passing through the superstructure of the bridge, which is the structure according to this embodiment, is a vehicle or railroad car that is heavy and can be measured by BWIM. BWIM is an abbreviation for Bridge Weigh in Motion, and is a technology that measures the weight, number of axles, etc. of the moving object passing through the bridge by treating the bridge as a "scale" and measuring the deformation of the bridge. The superstructure of the bridge, which can analyze the weight of the moving object passing through from the response such as deformation and strain, is a structure in which BWIM functions, and the BWIM system that applies the physical process between the action on the superstructure of the bridge and the response makes it possible to measure the weight of the moving object passing through. In the following, a measurement system for realizing the measurement method of this embodiment will be described using a case where the moving object is a railroad car as an example.

[0012] Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a measurement system according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, a measurement system 10 according to this embodiment includes a measurement device 1 and at least one sensor 2 provided on a superstructure 7 of a bridge 5. The measurement system 10 may also include a monitoring device 3.

[0013] The bridge 5 is composed of a superstructure 7 and a substructure 8. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the superstructure 7 taken along line AA in FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the superstructure 7 includes a bridge deck 7a including a deck F, a main girder G, a cross girder (not shown), a support 7b, a rail 7c, a sleeper 7d, and a ballast 7e. As shown in FIG. 1, the substructure 8 includes a pier 8a and an abutment 8b. The superstructure 7 is a structure that is bridged over either one of the adjacent abutments 8b and pier 8a, two adjacent abutments 8b, or two adjacent piers 8a. Both ends of the superstructure 7 are located at the positions of the adjacent abutments 8b and pier 8a, the positions of the two adjacent abutments 8b, or the positions of the two adjacent piers 8a.

[0014] When the railcar 6 enters the superstructure 7, the load of the railcar 6 causes the superstructure 7 to bend, but because the railcar 6 is made up of multiple cars coupled together, a phenomenon occurs in which the bending of the superstructure 7 repeats periodically as each car passes. This phenomenon is called a static response. On the other hand, since the superstructure 7 has a natural vibration frequency as a structure, the natural vibration of the superstructure 7 may be excited when the railcar 6 passes over the superstructure 7. The excitation of the natural vibration of the superstructure 7 causes a phenomenon in which the bending of the superstructure 7 repeats periodically. This phenomenon is called a dynamic response.

[0015] The measurement device 1 and each sensor 2 are connected, for example, by a cable (not shown) and communicate with each other via a communication network such as CAN. CAN is an abbreviation for Controller Area Network. Alternatively, the measurement device 1 and each sensor 2 may communicate with each other via a wireless network.

[0016] Each sensor 2 outputs data used to calculate static and dynamic responses when a railcar 6, which is a moving body, moves on a superstructure 7, which is a structure. In this embodiment, each sensor 2 is an acceleration sensor, and may be, for example, a quartz acceleration sensor or a MEMS acceleration sensor. MEMS is an abbreviation for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems.

[0017] In this embodiment, each sensor 2 is installed in the longitudinal center of the superstructure 7, specifically, in the longitudinal center of the main girder G. However, it is sufficient for each sensor 2 to be able to detect acceleration for calculating static and dynamic responses, and the installation position is not limited to the central part of the superstructure 7. If each sensor 2 is installed on the deck F of the superstructure 7, there is a risk that it will be destroyed by the running of the railway vehicle 6, and there is also a risk that the measurement accuracy will be affected by local deformation of the bridge deck 7a. Therefore, in the example of Figs. 1 and 2, each sensor 2 is installed on the main girder G of the superstructure 7.

[0018] The floor plates F, main girders G, etc. of the superstructure 7 are deflected in the vertical direction due to the load of the railway vehicle 6 passing over the superstructure 7. Each sensor 2 detects the acceleration of the deflection of the floor plates F and main girders G due to the load of the railway vehicle 6 passing over the superstructure 7.

[0019] The measurement device 1 calculates the static response and the dynamic response when the railway vehicle 6 passes over the superstructure 7, based on the acceleration data output from each sensor 2. The measurement device 1 is installed, for example, on the bridge abutment 8b.

[0020] The measuring device 1 and the monitoring device 3 can communicate with each other via a communication network 4, such as a wireless network for mobile phones and the Internet. The measuring device 1 transmits measurement data including static and dynamic responses when a railway vehicle 6 passes over an upper structure 7 to the monitoring device 3. The monitoring device 3 stores the information in a storage device (not shown) and may perform processes such as monitoring the railway vehicle 6 and determining whether there is an abnormality in the upper structure 7 based on the information.

[0021] In this embodiment, the bridge 5 is a railway bridge, for example, a steel bridge, a girder bridge, an RC bridge, etc. RC is an abbreviation for Reinforced Concrete.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, an observation point R is set in association with the sensor 2. In the example of FIG. 2, the observation point R is set at a position on the surface of the superstructure 7 vertically above the sensor 2 provided on the main girder G. That is, the sensor 2 is an observation device that observes the observation point R, detects a physical quantity that is a response to the action of multiple parts of the railway vehicle 6 moving on the superstructure 7, which is a structure, on the observation point R, and outputs data including the detected physical quantity. For example, each of the multiple parts of the railway vehicle 6 is an axle or a wheel, but hereinafter, it is assumed that it is an axle. Also, in this embodiment, each sensor 2 is an acceleration sensor, and detects acceleration as a physical quantity. The sensor 2 may be provided at a position where it can detect the acceleration generated at the observation point R due to the traveling of the railway vehicle 6, but it is preferable to provide it at a position close to the vertical of the observation point R.

[0023] The number and installation positions of the sensors 2 are not limited to the examples shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and various modifications are possible.

[0024] The measurement device 1 acquires acceleration in a direction intersecting with the plane of the superstructure 7 along which the railcar 6 moves, based on the acceleration data output from the sensor 2. The plane of the superstructure 7 along which the railcar 6 moves is defined by the direction along which the railcar 6 moves, i.e., the X direction which is the longitudinal direction of the superstructure 7, and the direction perpendicular to the direction along which the railcar 6 moves, i.e., the Y direction which is the width direction of the superstructure 7. As the railcar 6 travels, the observation point R is deflected in a direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions. Therefore, in order to accurately calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the deflection, it is desirable for the measurement device 1 to acquire acceleration in a direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions, i.e., the Z direction which is the normal direction of the floor panel F.

[0025] 3 is a diagram illustrating the acceleration detected by the sensor 2. The sensor 2 is an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration occurring in each of three axial directions that are perpendicular to each other.

[0026] In order to detect the acceleration of the deflection at observation point R due to the running of the railway vehicle 6, the sensor 2 is installed so that one of the three detection axes, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis, intersects with the X-direction and the Y-direction. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the sensor 2 is installed so that the first axis intersects with the X-direction and the Y-direction. Since the observation point R deflects in a direction perpendicular to the X-direction and the Y-direction, in order to accurately detect the acceleration of the deflection, ideally the sensor 2 is installed so that the first axis is aligned with the Z-direction perpendicular to the X-direction and the Y-direction, i.e., the normal direction of the floor panel F.

[0027] However, when the sensor 2 is installed on the superstructure 7, the installation location may be tilted. Even if one of the three detection axes of the sensor 2 is not installed in the normal direction of the floor board F, the error is small and negligible as long as it is roughly oriented in the normal direction. Furthermore, even if one of the three detection axes of the sensor 2 is not installed in the normal direction of the floor board F, the measurement device 1 can correct the detection error due to the tilt of the sensor 2 by using a three-axis composite acceleration obtained by combining the accelerations of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. Furthermore, the sensor 2 may be a one-axis acceleration sensor that detects at least the acceleration occurring in a direction approximately parallel to the vertical direction, or the acceleration in the normal direction of the floor board F.

[0028] The measurement method according to this embodiment, which is executed by the measurement apparatus 1, will be described in detail below.

[0029] 1-2. Details of the measurement method First, the measuring device 1 integrates acceleration data a(k) output from the sensor 2, which is an acceleration sensor, to generate speed data v(k) as shown in equation (1), and further integrates the speed data v(k) to generate measurement data u(k) as shown in equation (2). The acceleration data a(k) is data of acceleration change from which unnecessary acceleration bias has been removed in order to calculate the displacement change when the railroad vehicle 6 passes over the bridge 5. For example, the acceleration immediately before the railroad vehicle 6 passes over the bridge 5 may be set to 0, and the acceleration change thereafter may be set as the acceleration data a(k). In equations (1) and (2), k is the sample number, and ΔT is the time interval between samples. The measurement data u(k) is data of the displacement of the observation point R caused by the running of the railroad vehicle 6.

[0030]

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[0031]

number

[0032] Measurement data u(k), which has sample number k as a variable, is converted into measurement data u(t), which has time t as a variable, where t = kΔT. An example of the measurement data u(t) is shown in Figure 4. The measurement data u(t) is generated based on acceleration data a(t) output from sensor 2 observing observation point R, and is therefore data based on acceleration, which is a response to the action of multiple axles of railway vehicle 6 moving on superstructure 7 on observation point R.

[0033] Next, the measurement device 1 detects the fundamental frequency F f In order to reduce the vibration components and their harmonics, the measurement data u(t) is filtered to obtain the measurement data u lp The filtering process may be, for example, low-pass filtering or band-pass filtering.

[0034] Specifically, the measurement device 1 first performs a fast Fourier transform on the measurement data u(t) to calculate the power spectrum density, and identifies the peak of the power spectrum density as the fundamental frequency F f FIG. 5 shows the power spectrum density obtained by fast Fourier transform of the measurement data u(t) in FIG. 4. In the example in FIG. 5, the fundamental frequency F f is calculated to be about 3 Hz. Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the fundamental frequency F f From the fundamental period T f Calculate the fundamental period T f The moving average interval k is adjusted to the time resolution of the data by dividing by ΔT. mf Calculate the fundamental period T f is the fundamental frequency F f is the period corresponding to T f >2ΔT.

[0035]

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[0036]

number

[0037] Then, the measurement device 1 performs filtering by calculating the fundamental period T f The measurement data u(t) is processed by moving average to reduce the vibration components contained in the measurement data u(t) lp This moving average process not only requires a small amount of calculation, but also generates the fundamental frequency F f The attenuation of the signal component and its harmonic components is very large, so the vibration components are effectively reduced in the measurement data u lp (t) is obtained. Figure 6 shows the measurement data u lp As shown in FIG. 6, the measured data u(t) is almost completely free of vibration components. lp (t) is obtained.

[0038]

number

[0039] In addition, the measurement device 1 performs filtering by applying a fundamental frequency F f The measurement data u is processed by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies above lp (t) may be generated. FIR stands for Finite Impulse Response. This FIR filter process requires more calculations than the moving average process, but it has a fundamental frequency F f All signal components at these frequencies can be attenuated.

[0040] Next, the measurement device 1 outputs the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) is determined by a predetermined coefficient C L and measurement data lp Amplitude u calculated from (t) a The threshold C L u a or threshold C L u a The two times exceeding ti and departure time t o However, 0 <C L < 1, and the amplitude u a For example, the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) shifts at time t 1 From time t 2 The average value of the section up to is calculated using formula (6).

[0041]

number

[0042] Approach time t i is the time when the leading axle of the railcar 6 passes through the entrance end of the superstructure 7. o is the time when the rearmost axle of the railway vehicle 6 passes the leading end of the superstructure 7. lp (t) and approach time t i and departure time t o An example of the relationship is shown below.

[0043] Next, the measurement device 1 calculates the advance time t o and approach time t i The difference between the time t s Calculate.

[0044]

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[0045] In addition, the measurement device 1 calculates the number of railcars 6, C, by using the formula (8). T As the transit time t s and the fundamental frequency F f Calculate the largest integer less than or equal to the product of x and x minus 1.

[0046]

number

[0047] Measuring device 1 measures the approach time t i , entry time t o , transit time t s and number of vehicles C T In the example of FIG. 7, the observation information including the approach time t i =7.155 seconds, advance time t o =12.845 seconds, transit time t s =5.69 seconds, number of vehicles C T =16.

[0048] Then, the measurement device 1 performs subsequent processing based on the observation information and environmental information including the dimensions of the railway vehicle 6 and the dimensions of the superstructure 7 that have been created in advance.

[0049] The environmental information may include dimensions of the superstructure 7, for example the length L of the superstructure 7. B and the position L of observation point R x Including the length L of the superstructure 7 B is the distance between the entrance end and exit end of the superstructure 7. Also, the position L of the observation point R x is the distance from the entrance end of the superstructure 7 to the observation point R. The environmental information also includes the dimensions of the railcar 6, for example, the length L of each car of the railcar 6. C (C m ), number of axles for each vehicle a T (C m ) and the distance between the axles of each vehicle La(a w (C m ,n)) is included. C m is the vehicle number, and the length of each vehicle L C (C m ) starts with C m The distance between the two ends of the th car. The number of axles in each car is a T (C m ) starts with C m n is the axle number of each vehicle, 1≦n≦a T (C m ) The distance between the axles of each vehicle is La(a w (C m ,n)) is C from the beginning when n=1.m The distance between the tip of the th car and the first axle from the front, and when n≧2, the distance between the n-1th axle from the front and the nth axle. m Length of the th vehicle L C (C m ) and the distance between the axles La(a w (C m ,n)) is shown below. The dimensions of the railway vehicle 6 and the dimensions of the superstructure 7 can be measured by known methods. A database of the dimensions of the railway vehicle 6 passing over the bridge 5 may be created in advance, and the dimensions of the relevant vehicle may be referenced based on the passing time.

[0050] In addition, when it is assumed that a railway vehicle 6 having an arbitrary number of cars with the same dimensions is traveling on the superstructure 7 of the bridge 5, the environmental information is the length L C (C m ), number of axles a T (C m ) and the distance between the axles La(a w (C m ,n)).

[0051] Total number of axles for railcar 6 Ta T is the number of vehicles included in the observation information, C T and the number of axles of each vehicle included in the environmental information a T (C m ) is used to calculate using equation (9).

[0052]

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[0053] From the front axle of railcar 6, m Distance D to the nth axle of the nth vehicle wa (a w (C m ,n) is the length L of each vehicle included in the environmental information C (C m ), number of axles for each vehicle a T (C m ) and the distance between the axles of each vehicle La(aw (C m ,n)) is calculated by formula (10). In formula (10), L C (C m )=L C (1) is assumed to be the case.

[0054]

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[0055] The measurement device 1 is C in Eq. (10). m =C T , n=a T (C T ) from the front axle of the railcar 6 to the rear axle of the rearmost railcar, D wa (a w (C T ,a T (C T ))).

[0056]

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[0057] The average speed of railcar 6, v a is the length L of the superstructure 7 included in the environmental information B , the transit time t included in the observation information s and the calculated distance D wa (a w (C T ,a T (C T ))) and the average speed v of the railcar 6 is calculated by equation (12). a Calculate.

[0058]

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[0059] The measuring device 1 calculates the average speed v of the railway vehicle 6 by using equation (13) by substituting equation (11) into equation (12). a Calculate.

[0060]

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[0061] Next, the measurement device 1 calculates the amount of deflection of the superstructure 7 caused by the running of the railway vehicle 6 in the following manner.

[0062] In this embodiment, the superstructure 7 of the bridge 5 is considered to have one or more bridge decks 7a, each of which is composed of a deck F and a main girder G, arranged in succession, and the measuring device 1 calculates the displacement of one bridge deck 7a as the displacement at the center in the longitudinal direction. The load applied to the superstructure 7 moves from one end of the superstructure 7 to the other end. At this time, the deflection amount, which is the displacement of the middle part of the superstructure 7, can be expressed using the position of the load on the superstructure 7 and the load amount. In this embodiment, in order to express the deflection deformation when the axle of the railroad vehicle 6 moves on the superstructure 7 as a trajectory of the deflection amount due to the movement of a single point load on the beam, a structural model shown in FIG. 9 is considered, and the deflection amount at the center is calculated in the structural model. In FIG. 9, P is the load. a is the load position from the entry end of the superstructure 7 on the side where the railroad vehicle 6 enters. b is the load position from the exit end of the superstructure 7 on the side where the railroad vehicle 6 exits. L B is the length of the superstructure 7, i.e., the distance between both ends of the superstructure 7. The structural model shown in FIG. 9 is a simple beam supported at both ends.

[0063] In the structural model shown in FIG. 9, when the position of the entry end of the superstructure 7 is set to zero and the observation position of the deflection is set to x, the bending moment M of the simple beam is expressed by equation (14).

[0064]

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[0065] In equation (14), the function H a is defined as in equation (15).

[0066]

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[0067] By transforming equation (14), equation (16) is obtained.

[0068]

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[0069] On the other hand, the bending moment M is expressed by the formula (17). In the formula (17), θ is the angle, I is the second moment, and E is the Young's modulus.

[0070]

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[0071] By substituting equation (17) into equation (16), equation (18) is obtained.

[0072]

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[0073] Equation (19) is calculated by integrating equation (18) with respect to the observation position x, and equation (20) is obtained. In equation (20), C 1 is an integral constant.

[0074]

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[0075]

number

[0076] Furthermore, equation (21) is calculated by integrating equation (20) with respect to the observation position x, and equation (22) is obtained. In equation (22), C 2 is an integral constant.

[0077]

number

[0078]

number

[0079] In equation (22), θx represents the amount of deflection, and equation (10) is obtained by replacing θx with the amount of deflection w.

[0080]

number

[0081] From Figure 9, b=L B Since it is -a, equation (23) is transformed into equation (24).

[0082]

number

[0083] When x=0, the deflection w=0, and x≦a, H a = 0, so in equation (24) we have x = w = H a Substituting =0 and rearranging, we obtain equation (25).

[0084]

number

[0085] Also, x=L B With the deflection amount w=0, x>a, H a = 1, so in equation (24) we add x = L B ,w=0,H a Substituting =1 and rearranging, we obtain equation (26).

[0086]

number

[0087] In equation (26), b = L B Substituting -a, we obtain equation (27).

[0088]

number

[0089] The integral constant C in equation (25) is 1 and the integral constant C in equation (26) 2 Substituting the above, we obtain equation (28).

[0090]

number

[0091] By transforming equation (28), the deflection w at observation position x when load P is applied to position a is expressed by equation (29).

[0092]

number

[0093] Deflection w at the central observation position x when load P is at the center of the superstructure 7 0.5LB , x=0.5LB, a=b=0.5LB, H a = 0, and this is expressed by equation (30). 0.5LB is the maximum amplitude of the deflection w.

[0094]

number

[0095] The deflection w at any observation position x is the deflection w 0.5LB When the position a of the load P is closer to the entry end than the observation position x, x>a, so H is added to equation (30). aSubstituting =1 gives equation (31).

[0096]

number

[0097] Position a of load P is a=L B r, and in equation (31), a = L B r,b=L B Substituting (1-r) and rearranging, the deflection amount w is normalized to the deflection amount w by equation (32). std r is the length L of the superstructure 7 B This shows the ratio of position a of load P to

[0098]

number

[0099] Similarly, if the position a of the load P is closer to the forward end than the observation position x, then x≦a, and H is added to equation (30). a Substituting =0 gives us equation (33).

[0100]

number

[0101] Position a of load P is a=L B r, and in equation (33), a = L B r,b=L B Substituting (1-r) and rearranging, the deflection amount w becomes the normalized deflection amount w std is obtained.

[0102]

number

[0103] Combining equations (32) and (34), we can obtain the arbitrary observation position x=L x Deflection amount w std(r) is expressed by equation (35). In equation (35), the function R(r) is expressed by equation (36). Equation (35) is an approximation equation for the deflection of the superstructure 7, which is a structure, and is based on a structural model of the superstructure 7. Specifically, equation (35) is an approximation equation normalized by the maximum amplitude of deflection at the center position between the approach end and the exit end of the superstructure 7.

[0104]

number

[0105]

number

[0106] In this embodiment, the load P is the load of an arbitrary axle of the railway vehicle 6. When an arbitrary axle of the railway vehicle 6 is located at a position L from the entrance end of the superstructure 7 to the observation point R, x The time it takes to reach xn is the average velocity v calculated by equation (12) a It is calculated using equation (37).

[0107]

number

[0108] Also, any axle of the railcar 6 has length L B The time t required for the superstructure 7 to pass through ln is calculated using equation (38).

[0109]

number

[0110] Railroad Car 6 C m The time t when the n-th axle of the n-th vehicle reaches the approach end of the superstructure 7 0 (C m ,n) is the approach time t i, the distance D calculated by Eq. (10) wa (a w (C m , n) and the average velocity v calculated by equation (12) a It is calculated using equation (39).

[0111]

number

[0112] The measurement device 1 uses the formulas (37), (38), and (39) to obtain C m The deflection w of the nth axle of the nth vehicle, expressed by equation (35), std Deflection w when (r) is replaced with time std (a w (C m In equation (40), the function R(t) is expressed by equation (41). std (a w (C m ,n),t) is shown below.

[0113]

number

[0114]

number

[0115] Moreover, the measurement device 1 calculates C m Deflection amount C caused by the th vehicle std (C m ,t) is calculated. m Deflection amount C caused by the th vehicle std (C m ,t) is shown below.

[0116]

number

[0117] Furthermore, the measurement device 1 calculates the amount of deflection T caused by the railway vehicle 6 by using the formula (43). std (t) is calculated. T = Deflection T due to 16 railcars 6 std In FIG. 12, the dashed lines indicate the 16 deflection amounts C std (1,t)~C std (16,t) is shown.

[0118]

number

[0119] Next, the measuring device 1 measures the amount of deflection T std The fundamental frequency F contained in (t) M In order to reduce the vibration component and its harmonics, the deflection amount T std Deflection amount T obtained by filtering (t) std_lp The filtering process may be, for example, low-pass filtering or band-pass filtering.

[0120] Specifically, first, the measuring device 1 measures the amount of deflection T std (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is taken as the fundamental frequency F M Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the fundamental frequency F M From the fundamental period T M Calculate the fundamental period T M The moving average interval k is adjusted to the time resolution of the data by dividing by ΔT. mM Calculate the fundamental period T M is the fundamental frequency F M is the period corresponding to T M >2ΔT.

[0121]

number

[0122]

number

[0123] Then, the measurement device 1 performs filtering by calculating the fundamental period T M Deflection amount T std (t) is processed by moving average to obtain the deflection amount T std The deflection amount T that reduces the vibration component contained in (t) std_lp This moving average process not only requires a small amount of calculation, but also calculates the fundamental frequency F M The attenuation of the signal component and its harmonic components is very large, so the vibration component is effectively reduced by the deflection T std_lp (t) is obtained. The deflection amount T std_lp As shown in FIG. 13, the deflection amount T std The deflection T with most of the vibration components contained in (t) removed std_lp (t) is obtained.

[0124]

number

[0125] In addition, the measuring device 1 performs filtering by measuring the amount of deflection T std (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F M The signal components with frequencies above 1000 Hz are attenuated by FIR filtering to obtain the deflection T std_lp (t) may be calculated. This FIR filter process requires more calculations than the moving average process, but the fundamental frequency F f All signal components at these frequencies can be attenuated.

[0126] Figure 14 shows the measurement data u lp (t) and the deflection T shown in Fig. 13 std_lp (t) is shown overlapping. Deflection T std_lpConsidering that (t) is the deflection proportional to the load of the railway vehicle 6 passing through the superstructure 7, the deflection T std_lp A linear function of (t) is the measured data u lp (t) is assumed to be approximately equal to the measurement data u lp (t) is the deflection amount T std_lp The time interval to be approximated is the entry time t i and the advance time t o Between or deflection amount T std_lp (t) is a time interval in which the amplitude is not zero.

[0127]

number

[0128] The measurement device 1 then calculates the linear coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 For example, the measurement device 1 calculates the error e(t) expressed by the formula (48), that is, the measurement data u lp The linear coefficient c that minimizes the difference between (t) and the linear function of equation (47) 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Calculate.

[0129]

number

[0130] First order coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 are calculated by equations (49) and (50), respectively. Let k be the data interval corresponding to the approximate time interval. a ≦k≦k b Let us assume that.

[0131]

number

[0132]

number

[0133] Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the linear coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Using the deflection amount T std_lp The deflection amount T after adjusting (t) Estd_lp (t) is calculated as shown in equation (51). Estd_lp (t) basically corresponds to the right-hand side of equation (47), but at the approach time t i Sections before and entry time t o In the section after 0 is set to 0. In Fig. 15, the deflection amount T Estd_lp An example of (t) is shown below.

[0134]

number

[0135] In addition, as shown in equation (52), the first-order coefficient c calculated in equation (49) 1 and the zeroth order coefficient c calculated using equation (50) 0 Deflection T std Assume that a linear function of (t) is approximately equal to the measured data u(t).

[0136]

number

[0137] First order coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Using the deflection amount T std The deflection amount T after adjusting (t) Estd (t) is calculated by equation (53). The right-hand side of equation (53) is the T std_lp (t) to T std In Fig. 16, the deflection amount T Estd An example of (t) is shown below.

[0138]

number

[0139] Next, the measuring device 1 calculates the deflection amount T in a predetermined section using equation (54) with t=kΔT. Estd_lp (t) and deflection T std_lp (t) and amplitude ratio R T In equation (54), the numerator is the deflection amount T Estd_lp Waveform of (t) and deflection T std_lp The deflection amount T included in a certain section of the section where the waveform of (t) is shifted Estd_lp (t) is the average value of n+1 samples, and the denominator is the deflection amount T std_lp The deflection amount T Estd_lp (t) and deflection T std_lp (t) and the predetermined interval T for calculating the average value avg An example of the relationship is shown below.

[0140]

number

[0141] Next, the measurement device 1 measures the amplitude ratio R T and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product R T T std_lp (t) is the zeroth coefficient c 0 Compared to offset T offset_std Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the amplitude ratio R T and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product R T T std_lp The absolute value of (t) is the zeroth coefficient c 0 A product greater than the absolute value of R T T std_lp (t) interval is zeroth order coefficient c 0 Replace with offset T offset_std (t) is calculated. offset_std In the example of FIG. 18, the deflection amount Tstd_lp Since the amplitude of (t) is zero or negative, the measurement device 1 calculates the product R T T std_lp (t) 0th order coefficient c 0 The interval smaller than the zeroth coefficient c 0 Replace with offset T offset_std (t) is calculated.

[0142]

number

[0143] Next, the measurement device 1 calculates the linear coefficient c 1 and deflection amount T std (t) and its product c 1 T std (t) and offset T offset_std (t) is added to obtain the deflection amount T EOstd (t) is calculated. This deflection T EOstd (t) corresponds to the static response when the railway vehicle 6 passes over the superstructure 7. EOstd An example of the measurement data u(t) and the deflection amount T EOstd The relationship with (t) is shown.

[0144]

number

[0145] Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T from the measurement data u(t) as shown in equation (57). EOstd Subtract (t) to get the natural vibration u nv (t) is calculated. nv (t) corresponds to the dynamic response when the railway vehicle 6 passes through the superstructure 7. nv An example of (t) is shown below.

[0146]

number

[0147] 1-3. Measurement method procedure 22 is a flow chart showing an example of the procedure of the measurement method according to the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the measurement device 1 executes the procedure shown in FIG.

[0148] As shown in FIG. 22, first, in an observation data acquisition step S10, the measurement device 1 acquires acceleration data a(k) which is observation data output from a sensor 2 which is an observation device.

[0149] Next, in a first measurement data generating step S20, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u(t) which is the first measurement data based on acceleration as a physical quantity which is a response to the action of the multiple axles of the railway vehicle 6 moving on the superstructure 7 on the observation point R, based on the acceleration data a(k) which is the observation data acquired in step S10. An example of the procedure of the first measurement data generating step S20 will be described later.

[0150] Next, in a second measurement data generation step S30, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u(t), which is second measurement data obtained by filtering the measurement data u(t) generated in step S20 to reduce vibration components. lp For example, the measurement device 1 performs filtering to obtain the fundamental frequency F f A low-pass filter process is performed to attenuate vibration components of the above frequencies. An example of the procedure of the second measurement data generating step S30 will be described later.

[0151] Next, in the observation information generation process S40, the measurement device 1 determines the approach time t i and departure time t o Generate observation information including the approach time t i is the time when the leading axle of the railcar 6 passes through the entrance end of the superstructure 7, and the exit time t o is the time when the rearmost axle of the multiple axles of the railway vehicle 6 passes the leading end of the superstructure 7. In this embodiment, the measurement device 1 uses the measurement data u generated in step S30 lp Based on (t), the approach time ti and departure time t o Furthermore, the measurement device 1 calculates the number of vehicles C T An example of the procedure of the observation information generating step S40 will be described later.

[0152] Next, in an average speed calculation step S50, the measurement device 1 calculates the average speed v of the railcar 6 based on the observation information generated in step S40 and environmental information including the dimensions of the railcar 6 and the dimensions of the superstructure 7 that have been created in advance. a The environmental information is the length L of the superstructure 7. B , position L of observation point R x , the length L of each of the railcars 6 C (C m ), number of axles for each vehicle a T (C m ) and the distance La (a w (C m , n)) An example of the procedure of the average speed calculation step S50 will be described later.

[0153] Next, in a first deflection amount calculation step S60, the measurement device 1 calculates an approximation equation for the deflection of the superstructure 7, which is the above-mentioned equation (35), the observation information generated in step S40, the environmental information, and the average speed v of the railway vehicle 6 calculated in step S50. a Based on this, a first deflection amount T of the superstructure 7 due to the railway vehicle 6 is calculated. std Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the average velocity v a Based on the above, the deflection amount w of the upper structure 7 due to each of the multiple axles is calculated. std (a w (C m , n), t) and the deflection amount w of the superstructure 7 due to each of the multiple axles is calculated. std (a w (C m ,n),t) to obtain the deflection amount T std An example of the procedure of the first deflection amount calculation step S60 will be described later.

[0154] Next, in a second deflection amount calculation step S70, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T std The second deflection, T, is the deflection obtained by filtering (t) to reduce the vibration component. std_lp For example, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T std The fundamental frequency F of (t) M A low-pass filter process is performed to attenuate the vibration components of the above frequencies. An example of the procedure of the second deflection amount calculation step S70 will be described later.

[0155] Next, in the coefficient calculation step S80, the measurement device 1 calculates the measurement data u lp (t) is the deflection T calculated in step S70 std_lp (t) is approximated by a linear function, and the linear coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the measurement data u lp (t) is the deflection amount T std_lp (t) is approximated by a linear function, and the linear coefficient c is calculated by the least squares method using the above equations (49) and (50). 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Calculate.

[0156] Next, in the third deflection amount calculation step S90, the measurement device 1 calculates the first-order coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 and the deflection amount T calculated in step S70 std_lp Based on (t) and the third deflection, the deflection T Estd_lp Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the approach time t i Sections and entry times t o In the section after 1 and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product c 1 T std_lp (t), and the approach time is t i and the advance time t o In the interval between 1 Tstd_lp (t) and the zeroth coefficient c 0 The deflection amount T is the sum of Estd_lp Calculate (t).

[0157] Next, in the offset calculation step S100, the measurement device 1 calculates the zero-order coefficient c 0 and the deflection amount T calculated in step S70 std_lp (t) and the deflection T calculated in step S90 Estd_lp (t) and offset T based on offset_std An example of the procedure of the offset calculation step S100 will be described later.

[0158] Next, in the first static response calculation step S110, the measurement device 1 calculates the first-order coefficient c 1 and the deflection amount T calculated in step S60 std (t) and its product c 1 T std (t) and the offset T calculated in step S100 offset_std (t) is added to obtain the deflection T EOstd Calculate (t).

[0159] Next, in a first dynamic response calculation step S120, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T as the first static response in step S110 from the measurement data u(t) generated in step S20 as shown in the above-mentioned equation (57). EOstd (t) is subtracted to obtain the natural vibration u as the first dynamic response. nv Calculate (t).

[0160] Next, in a measurement data output step S130, the measurement device 1 outputs the deflection amount T EOstd (t) and the natural vibration u as the first dynamic response calculated in step S120 nv The measurement data including the deflection amount T EOstd (t) and natural vibration u nvIn addition to (t), the measurement data u(t), u lp (t), deflection T std (t),T std_lp (t),T Estd_lp (t) etc. may also be included.

[0161] Then, the measuring device 1 repeats the processes of steps S10 to S130 until the measurement is completed in step S140.

[0162] FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the first measured data generating step S20 in FIG.

[0163] As shown in FIG. 23, in step S201, the measurement device 1 integrates the acceleration data a(t) output from the sensor 2 to generate velocity data v(t) as in the above-mentioned equation (1).

[0164] Then, in step S202, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u(t) by integrating the velocity data v(t) generated in step S201, as in the above-mentioned equation (2).

[0165] Thus, in this embodiment, the measurement data u(t) is data on the displacement of the superstructure 7 caused by the railway vehicle 6, which is a moving body moving on the superstructure 7, which is a structure, and is data obtained by integrating twice the acceleration in a direction intersecting with the surface of the superstructure 7 on which the railway vehicle 6 moves. Therefore, the measurement data u(t) includes data on a waveform that is convex in the positive or negative direction, specifically, a rectangular waveform, a trapezoidal waveform, or a half-sine waveform. Note that the rectangular waveform includes not only an exact rectangular waveform but also a waveform that approximates a rectangular waveform. Similarly, the trapezoidal waveform includes not only an exact trapezoidal waveform but also a waveform that approximates a trapezoidal waveform. Similarly, the half-sine waveform includes not only an exact half-sine waveform but also a waveform that approximates a half-sine waveform.

[0166] FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the second measured data generating step S30 in FIG.

[0167] As shown in FIG. 24, in step S301, the measurement device 1 performs fast Fourier transform processing on the measurement data u(t) calculated in step S202 of FIG. 23 to calculate the power spectrum density, and calculates the peak of the power spectrum density as the fundamental frequency F f It is calculated as follows.

[0168] Then, in step S302, the measurement device 1 calculates the fundamental frequency F f The measurement data u is processed by a low-pass filter that attenuates the vibration components of the frequency above lp The measurement device 1 generates the fundamental frequency F f The fundamental period T f Then, the measurement data u(t) is processed by moving average to obtain the measurement data u lp Alternatively, the measurement device 1 may generate a fundamental frequency F(t) for the measurement data u(t) as a low-pass filter process. f The measurement data u is processed by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies above lp (t) may be generated.

[0169] FIG. 25 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the observation information generating step S40 of FIG.

[0170] As shown in FIG. 25, first, in step S401, the measurement device 1 measures the amplitude u a The measurement data u generated in step S302 of FIG. 24 is calculated by the above-mentioned equation (6). lp The amplitude of (t) shifts at time t 1 From time t 2 Calculate the average value of the section up to

[0171] Next, in step S402, the measurement device 1 i As the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) is determined by a predetermined coefficient C L and the amplitude u calculated in step S401 a The threshold C L u aor threshold C L u a A first time instant that exceeds

[0172] In step S403, the measurement device 1 detects the exit time t o As the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) is threshold C L u a or threshold C L u a A second time that is later than the first time and exceeds the first time.

[0173] In step S404, the measuring device 1 calculates the passing time t s Then, the advance time t o and approach time t i Calculate the difference between

[0174] Next, in step S405, the measurement device 1 calculates the number of railcars 6, C, as shown in the above formula (8). T The transit time t calculated in step S404 is s and the fundamental frequency F calculated in step S301 of FIG. f The product of s F f Calculate the largest integer less than or equal to minus 1.

[0175] Then, in step S406, the measurement device 1 calculates the approach time t i , the advance time t calculated in step S403 o , the transit time t calculated in step S404 s and the number of vehicles C calculated in step S405 T Generate observations including:

[0176] FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the average velocity calculation step S50 in FIG.

[0177] In step S501, the measurement device 1 calculates the distance D from the front axle to the rear axle of the railcar 6 by the above-mentioned formula (11) based on the environmental information. wa(a w (C T ,a T (C T ))).

[0178] In step S502, the measurement device 1 calculates the distance from the entrance end to the exit end of the upper structure 7 based on the environmental information. In this embodiment, the distance from the entrance end to the exit end of the upper structure 7 is calculated based on the length L of the upper structure 7 included in the environmental information. B It is.

[0179] Then, in step S503, the measurement device 1 detects the approach time t i and departure time t o , the distance D from the front axle to the rear axle of the railcar 6 calculated in step S501 wa (a w (C T ,a T (C T ))), and the length L of the upper structure 7, which is the distance from the entry end to the exit end of the upper structure 7 calculated in step S502 B Based on this, the average speed of the railcar 6, v a Calculate.

[0180] FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the first deflection amount calculation step S60 in FIG.

[0181] First, in step S601, the measurement device 1 calculates the distance C from the front axle of the railcar 6 by the above-mentioned formula (10) based on the environmental information. m Distance D to the nth axle of the nth vehicle wa (a w (C m ,n) are calculated respectively.

[0182] Next, in step S602, the measurement device 1 detects the position L of the observation point R included in the environmental information. x and the average velocity v calculated in step S503 of FIG. aUsing the above equation (37), the distance between the entrance end of the superstructure 7 and the position L of the observation point R of any axle of the railway vehicle 6 is calculated. x The time it takes to reach xn Calculate.

[0183] In step S603, the measurement device 1 calculates the length L of the upper structure 7, which is the distance from the entry end to the exit end of the upper structure 7, calculated in step S502 of FIG. B and the average speed v a Using the above equation (38), the time t required for any axle of the railcar 6 to pass through the superstructure 7 is calculated. ln Calculate.

[0184] Furthermore, in step S604, the measurement device 1 detects the approach time t i and the distance D calculated in step S601. wa (a w (C m ,n)) and the average speed v a Using the above equation (39), the C of railway car 6 is m The time t when the n-th axle of the n-th vehicle reaches the approach end of the superstructure 7 0 (C m ,n) are calculated respectively.

[0185] Next, in step S605, the measurement device 1 calculates an approximation equation for the deflection of the upper structure 7, which is the above-mentioned equation (35), and the time t xn and the time t calculated in step S603 ln and the time t calculated in step S604 0 (C m , n) using the above equation (40), C m Deflection of the superstructure 7 by the n-th axle of the n-th vehicle w std (a w (C m ,n), and t) are calculated respectively.

[0186] Next, in step S606, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount w of the upper structure 7 due to each axle calculated for each vehicle in step S605 using the above-mentioned formula (42). std (a w (C m , n), t) are added together to determine the deflection C of the superstructure 7 caused by each vehicle. std (C m ,t) is calculated.

[0187] Then, in step S607, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount C of the upper structure 7 caused by each vehicle in step S606 using the above-mentioned formula (43). std (C m , t) to obtain the deflection T of the superstructure 7 caused by the railway vehicle 6. std Calculate (t).

[0188] FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the second deflection amount calculation step S70 in FIG.

[0189] As shown in FIG. 28, in step S701, the measurement device 1 measures the deflection amount T std (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is taken as the fundamental frequency F M It is calculated as follows.

[0190] Then, in step S702, the measuring device 1 measures the amount of deflection T std The fundamental frequency F of (t) M The deflection amount T is calculated by performing low-pass filter processing to attenuate vibration components with frequencies above std_lp The measurement device 1 calculates the fundamental frequency F M The fundamental period T M Deflection amount T std The deflection amount T is calculated by taking the moving average of (t). std_lp Alternatively, the measurement device 1 may calculate the deflection amount T std (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F MThe signal components with frequencies above 1000 Hz are attenuated by FIR filtering to obtain the deflection T std_lp (t) may be calculated.

[0191] FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the offset calculation step S100 in FIG.

[0192] As shown in FIG. 29, in step S1001, the measuring device 1 calculates the deflection amount T in a predetermined section calculated in step S90 of FIG. 22 by the above-mentioned formula (54). Estd_lp (t) and the deflection T calculated in step S702 of Figure 28 std_lp (t) and amplitude ratio R T Calculate.

[0193] Then, in step S1002, the measurement device 1 calculates the amplitude ratio R T and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product R T T std_lp The absolute value of (t) is the zero-order coefficient c calculated in step S80 of FIG. 0 A product greater than the absolute value of R T T std_lp (t) interval is zeroth order coefficient c 0 Replace with offset T offset_std Calculate (t).

[0194] 1-4. Configuration of observation, measuring and monitoring equipment FIG. 30 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a sensor 2, a measuring device 1, and a monitoring device 3, which are observation devices.

[0195] As shown in FIG. 30, the sensor 2 includes a communication unit 21, an acceleration sensor 22, a processor 23, and a memory unit 24.

[0196] The storage unit 24 is a memory that stores various programs, data, etc. for the processor 23 to perform calculation processing and control processing. The storage unit 24 also stores programs, data, etc. for the processor 23 to realize predetermined application functions.

[0197] The acceleration sensor 22 detects the acceleration occurring in each of the three axial directions.

[0198] The processor 23 executes an observation program 241 stored in the storage unit 24 to control the acceleration sensor 22, generate observation data 242 based on the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 22, and store the generated observation data 242 in the storage unit 24. In this embodiment, the observation data 242 is acceleration data a(k).

[0199] Under the control of the processor 23, the communication unit 21 transmits the observation data 242 stored in the memory unit 24 to the measurement device 1.

[0200] As shown in FIG. 30, the measurement device 1 includes a first communication unit 11, a second communication unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a processor .

[0201] The first communication unit 11 receives the observation data 242 from the sensor 2, and outputs the received observation data 242 to the processor 14. As described above, the observation data 242 is acceleration data a(k).

[0202] The storage unit 13 is a memory that stores programs, data, etc. for the processor 14 to perform calculation processing and control processing. The storage unit 13 also stores various programs, data, etc. for the processor 14 to realize predetermined application functions. The processor 14 may also receive various programs, data, etc. via the communication network 4 and store them in the storage unit 13.

[0203] The processor 14 generates measurement data 135 based on the observation data 242 received by the first communication unit 11 and the environmental information 132 stored in advance in the memory unit 13, and stores the generated measurement data 135 in the memory unit 13.

[0204] In this embodiment, the processor 14 executes the measurement program 131 stored in the memory unit 13, and thereby functions as an observation data acquisition unit 141, a first measurement data generation unit 142, a second measurement data generation unit 143, an observation information generation unit 144, an average velocity calculation unit 145, a first deflection amount calculation unit 146, a second deflection amount calculation unit 147, a coefficient calculation unit 148, a third deflection amount calculation unit 149, an offset calculation unit 150, a first static response calculation unit 151, a first dynamic response calculation unit 152 and a measurement data output unit 153. That is, the processor 14 includes an observation data acquisition unit 141, a first measurement data generation unit 142, a second measurement data generation unit 143, an observation information generation unit 144, an average velocity calculation unit 145, a first deflection amount calculation unit 146, a second deflection amount calculation unit 147, a coefficient calculation unit 148, a third deflection amount calculation unit 149, an offset calculation unit 150, a first static response calculation unit 151, a first dynamic response calculation unit 152 and a measurement data output unit 153.

[0205] The observation data acquisition unit 141 acquires the observation data 242 received by the first communication unit 11, and stores it in the storage unit 13 as the observation data 133. That is, the observation data acquisition unit 141 performs the process of the observation data acquisition step S10 in FIG.

[0206] The first measured data generating unit 142 reads out the observation data 133 stored in the storage unit 13, and generates the measured data u(t) which is the first measured data based on the acceleration as a physical quantity which is a response to the action of the multiple axles of the railway vehicle 6 moving on the superstructure 7 on the observation point R, based on the acceleration data a(t) which is the observation data 133. Specifically, the first measured data generating unit 142 integrates the acceleration data a(t) which is the observation data 133 to generate the speed data v(t) as in the above-mentioned formula (1), and further integrates the speed data v(t) to generate the measured data u(t) as in the above-mentioned formula (2). That is, the first measured data generating unit 142 performs the process of the first measured data generating step S20 in FIG. 22, specifically, the processes of steps S201 and S202 in FIG. 23.

[0207] The second measurement data generating unit 143 generates the second measurement data u(t) by filtering the measurement data u(t) generated by the first measurement data generating unit 142 to reduce vibration components. lp For example, the second measured data generating unit 143 performs filtering to generate the fundamental frequency F f A low-pass filter process is performed to attenuate the vibration components of the above frequencies. Specifically, the second measurement data generation unit 143 performs a fast Fourier transform process on the measurement data u(t) to calculate the power spectrum density, and identifies the peak of the power spectrum density as the fundamental frequency F f The fundamental frequency F of the measured data u(t) is calculated as f The measurement data u is processed by a low-pass filter that attenuates the vibration components of the frequency above lp The second measurement data generating unit 143 generates the fundamental frequency F f The fundamental period T f Then, the measurement data u(t) is processed by moving average to obtain the measurement data u lp Alternatively, the second measurement data generating unit 143 may perform low-pass filtering to generate the measurement data u(t) with a fundamental frequency F f The measurement data u is processed by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies above lp 24. That is, the second measured data generating unit 143 performs the process of the second measured data generating step S30 in FIG.

[0208] The observation information generating unit 144 uses the measurement data u generated by the second measurement data generating unit 143. lp Based on (t), the approach time t i and departure time t o The observation information generating unit 144 generates observation information 134 including the amplitude u a Then, using the above equation (6), the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) shifts at time t 1 From time t2 Next, the observation information generating unit 144 calculates the average value for the section from the entry time t i As the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) is determined by a predetermined coefficient C L and the amplitude u a The threshold C L u a or threshold C L u a The observation information generating unit 144 also calculates a first time when the advance time t o As the measurement data u lp The amplitude of (t) is threshold C L u a or threshold C L u a The observation information generating unit 144 also calculates a second time that is later than the first time and exceeds the passing time t s Then, the advance time t o and approach time t i Next, the observation information generating unit 144 calculates the difference between the number of railcars 6, C T As the transit time t s and the fundamental frequency F f The product of s F f Then, the observation information generating unit 144 calculates the maximum integer equal to or smaller than the number obtained by subtracting 1 from the approach time t i , entry time t o , transit time t s and number of vehicles C T 25. That is, the observation information generating unit 144 performs the process of the observation information generating step S40 in FIG.

[0209] The average speed calculation unit 145 calculates the average speed v of the railcar 6 based on the observation information 134 stored in the storage unit 13 and the environmental information 132 including the dimensions of the railcar 6 and the dimensions of the superstructure 7 that have been created in advance and stored in the storage unit 13. aSpecifically, the average speed calculation unit 145 calculates the distance D from the leading axle to the trailing axle of the railcar 6 by the above-mentioned formula (11) based on the environmental information 132. wa (a w (C T ,a T (C T In addition, the average speed calculation unit 145 calculates the length L of the superstructure 7, which is the distance from the entrance end to the exit end of the superstructure 7, based on the environmental information 132. B Then, the average speed calculation unit 145 calculates the approach time t i and departure time t o , distance D wa (a w (C T ,a T (C T ))) and the length L of the superstructure 7 B Based on this, the average speed of the railcar 6, v a That is, the average speed calculation unit 145 performs the process of the average speed calculation step S50 in Fig. 22, specifically, the processes of steps S501, S502, and S503 in Fig. 26.

[0210] The first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the deflection amount of the superstructure 7 based on the above-mentioned formula (35), the observation information 134 stored in the memory unit 13, the environmental information 132 stored in the memory unit 13, and the average speed v of the railway vehicle 6 calculated by the average speed calculation unit 145. a Based on this, a first deflection amount T of the superstructure 7 due to the railway vehicle 6 is calculated. std Specifically, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 first calculates the distance C from the front axle of the railcar 6 by the above-mentioned formula (10) based on the environmental information 132. m Distance D to the nth axle of the nth vehicle wa (a w (C m Next, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the position L of the observation point R included in the environmental information 132. x and the average speed v aUsing the above equation (37), the distance between the entrance end of the superstructure 7 and the position L of the observation point R of any axle of the railway vehicle 6 is calculated. x The time it takes to reach xn In addition, the first deflection calculation unit 146 calculates the length L of the upper structure 7, which is the distance from the entry end to the exit end of the upper structure 7. B and the average speed v a Using the above equation (38), the time t required for any axle of the railcar 6 to pass through the superstructure 7 is calculated. ln Furthermore, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the approach time t i and distance D wa (a w (C m ,n)) and the average speed v a Using the above equation (39), the C of railway car 6 is m The time t when the n-th axle of the n-th vehicle reaches the approach end of the superstructure 7 0 (C m Next, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the approximation equation for the deflection of the upper structure 7, which is the above-mentioned equation (35), and the time t xn and time t ln and time t 0 (C m , n) using the above equation (40), C m Deflection of the superstructure 7 by the n-th axle of the n-th vehicle w std (a w (C m Next, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the deflection amount w std (a w (C m ,n),t) using the above equation (42), C m Deflection of superstructure 7 by the th vehicle C std (C m , t). Then, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 calculates the deflection amount C std (C m , t) and the deflection T of the superstructure 7 due to the railway vehicle 6 is calculated using the above equation (43). std27. That is, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 performs the process of the first deflection amount calculation step S60 in FIG.

[0211] The second deflection amount calculation unit 147 calculates the deflection amount T std The second deflection, T, is the deflection obtained by filtering (t) to reduce the vibration component. std_lp For example, the second deflection amount calculation unit 147 calculates the deflection amount T std The fundamental frequency F of (t) M A low-pass filter process is performed to attenuate the vibration components of the above frequencies. std (t) is processed by fast Fourier transform to obtain the fundamental frequency F M The deflection amount T std The fundamental frequency F of (t) M The deflection amount T is calculated by performing low-pass filter processing to attenuate vibration components with frequencies above std_lp The second deflection amount calculation unit 147 calculates the fundamental frequency F M The fundamental period T M Deflection amount T std The deflection amount T is calculated by taking the moving average of (t). std_lp Alternatively, the second deflection amount calculation unit 147 may calculate the deflection amount T std (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F M The signal components with frequencies above 1000 Hz are attenuated by FIR filtering to obtain the deflection T std_lp 28. That is, the second deflection amount calculation unit 147 performs the process of the second deflection amount calculation step S70 in FIG.

[0212] The coefficient calculation unit 148 calculates the measured data u lp (t) is the deflection amount T calculated by the second deflection amount calculation unit 147. std_lp(t) is approximated by a linear function, and the linear coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Specifically, the coefficient calculation unit 148 calculates the measured data u lp (t) is the deflection amount T std_lp (t) is approximated by a linear function, and the linear coefficient c is calculated by the least squares method using the above equations (49) and (50). 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 That is, the coefficient calculation unit 148 performs the process of the coefficient calculation step S80 in FIG.

[0213] The third deflection amount calculation unit 149 calculates the first-order coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 and the deflection amount T calculated by the second deflection amount calculation unit 147. std_lp Based on (t) and the third deflection, the deflection T Estd_lp Specifically, the third deflection calculation unit 149 calculates the approach time t i Sections and entry times t o In the section after 1 and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product c 1 T std_lp (t), and the approach time is t i and the advance time t o In the interval between 1 T std_lp (t) and the zeroth coefficient c 0 The deflection amount T is the sum of Estd_lp That is, the third deflection amount calculation unit 149 performs the process of the third deflection amount calculation step S90 in FIG.

[0214] The offset calculation unit 150 calculates the zero-order coefficient c 0 and the deflection amount T calculated by the second deflection amount calculation unit 147. std_lp (t) and the deflection amount T calculated by the third deflection amount calculation unit 149 Estd_lp (t) and offset T based on offset_stdSpecifically, the offset calculation unit 150 calculates the deflection amount T Estd_lp (t) and deflection T std_lp (t) and amplitude ratio R T Then, the offset calculation unit 150 calculates the amplitude ratio R T and deflection amount T std_lp (t) and its product R T T std_lp (t) 0th order coefficient c 0 The interval smaller than the zeroth coefficient c 0 Replace with offset T offset_std 29. That is, offset calculation section 150 performs the process of offset calculation step S100 in FIG. 22, specifically, the process of steps S1001 and S1002 in FIG.

[0215] The first static response calculation unit 151 calculates the first-order coefficient c 1 and the deflection amount T calculated by the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 std (t) and its product c 1 T std (t) and the offset T calculated by the offset calculation unit 150 offset_std (t) is added to obtain the deflection T EOstd 22. That is, the first static response calculation unit 151 performs the process of the first static response calculation step S110 in FIG.

[0216] The first dynamic response calculation unit 152 calculates the deflection amount T as the first static response calculated by the first static response calculation unit 151 from the measurement data u(t) generated by the first measurement data generation unit 142 as in the above-mentioned equation (56). EOstd (t) is subtracted to obtain the natural vibration u as the first dynamic response. nv That is, the first dynamic response calculation unit 152 performs the process of the first dynamic response calculation step S120 in FIG.

[0217] Deflection T as the first static response EOstd (t) and the natural frequency u as the first dynamic responsenv (t) is stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. The measurement data 135 includes the amount of deflection T EOstd (t) and natural vibration u nv In addition to (t), the measurement data u(t), u lp (t), deflection T std (t),T std_lp (t),T Estd_lp (t) etc. may also be included.

[0218] The measurement data output unit 153 reads out the measurement data 135 stored in the storage unit 13, and outputs the measurement data 135 to the monitoring device 3. Specifically, under the control of the measurement data output unit 153, the second communication unit 12 transmits the measurement data 135 stored in the storage unit 13 to the monitoring device 3 via the communication network 4. That is, the measurement data output unit 153 performs the process of the measurement data output step S130 in FIG.

[0219] In this way, the measurement program 131 is a program that causes the measurement device 1, which is a computer, to execute each procedure of the flowchart shown in FIG.

[0220] As shown in FIG. 30, the monitoring device 3 includes a communication unit 31, a processor 32, a display unit 33, an operation unit 34, and a storage unit 35.

[0221] The communication unit 31 receives measurement data 135 from the measurement device 1 and outputs the received measurement data 135 to the processor 32 .

[0222] The display unit 33 displays various types of information under the control of the processor 32. The display unit 33 may be, for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display. EL is an abbreviation for Electro Luminescence.

[0223] The operation unit 34 outputs operation data corresponding to an operation by a user to the processor 32. The operation unit 34 may be, for example, an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a microphone.

[0224] The storage unit 35 is a memory that stores various programs, data, etc. for the processor 32 to perform calculation processing and control processing. The storage unit 35 also stores programs, data, etc. for the processor 32 to realize predetermined application functions.

[0225] The processor 32 acquires the measurement data 135 received by the communication unit 31, evaluates the change in displacement of the superstructure 7 over time based on the acquired measurement data 135, generates evaluation information, and displays the generated evaluation information on the display unit 33.

[0226] In this embodiment, the processor 32 functions as a measurement data acquiring unit 321 and a monitoring unit 322 by executing a monitoring program 351 stored in the storage unit 35. That is, the processor 32 includes the measurement data acquiring unit 321 and the monitoring unit 322.

[0227] The measurement data acquisition unit 321 acquires the measurement data 135 received by the communication unit 31, and adds the acquired measurement data 135 to the measurement data sequence 352 stored in the storage unit .

[0228] The monitoring unit 322 statistically evaluates the change over time in the amount of deflection of the superstructure 7, based on the measurement data string 352 stored in the memory unit 35. Then, the monitoring unit 322 generates evaluation information indicating the evaluation result, and displays the generated evaluation information on the display unit 33. The user can monitor the condition of the superstructure 7, based on the evaluation information displayed on the display unit 33.

[0229] The monitoring unit 322 may perform processes such as monitoring the railway vehicle 6 and determining whether there is an abnormality in the superstructure 7, based on the measurement data sequence 352 stored in the memory unit 35.

[0230] Furthermore, the processor 32 transmits information for adjusting the operating conditions of the measuring device 1 and the sensor 2 to the measuring device 1 via the communication unit 31 based on operation data output from the operation unit 34. The operating conditions of the measuring device 1 are adjusted based on the information received via the second communication unit 12. Furthermore, the measuring device 1 transmits information for adjusting the operating conditions of the sensor 2 received via the second communication unit 12 to the sensor 2 via the first communication unit 11. The operating conditions of the sensor 2 are adjusted based on the information received via the communication unit 21.

[0231] In addition, the processors 14, 23, and 32 may realize the functions of each part by individual hardware, or may realize the functions of each part by integrated hardware. For example, the processors 14, 23, and 32 include hardware, and the hardware may include at least one of a circuit for processing digital signals and a circuit for processing analog signals. The processors 14, 23, and 32 may be a CPU, a GPU, or a DSP. CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, GPU stands for Graphics Processing Unit, and DSP stands for Digital Signal Processor. In addition, the processors 14, 23, and 32 may be configured as a custom IC such as an ASIC to realize the functions of each part, or may realize the functions of each part by a CPU and an ASIC. ASIC stands for Application Specific Integrated Circuit, and IC stands for Integrated Circuit.

[0232] The storage units 13, 24, and 35 are configured by, for example, various IC memories such as ROM, flash ROM, and RAM, hard disks, memory cards, and other recording media. ROM stands for Read Only Memory, RAM stands for Random Access Memory, and IC stands for Integrated Circuit. The storage units 13, 24, and 35 include non-volatile information storage devices that are devices or media readable by a computer, and various programs, data, and the like may be stored in the information storage devices. The information storage devices may be optical disks such as DVDs and CDs, hard disk drives, or various types of memories such as card-type memories and ROMs.

[0233] 30 shows only one sensor 2, multiple sensors 2 may each generate observation data 242 and transmit it to the measurement device 1. In this case, the measurement device 1 receives the multiple observation data 242 transmitted from the multiple sensors 2, generates multiple measurement data 135, and transmits it to the monitoring device 3. In addition, the monitoring device 3 receives the multiple measurement data 135 transmitted from the measurement device 1, and monitors the states of the multiple superstructures 7 based on the received multiple measurement data 135.

[0234] 1-5.Effects According to the measurement method of the first embodiment described above, the measurement device 1 filters the measurement data u(t) to reduce vibration components, thereby obtaining measurement data u(t). lp (t) is the deflection T std The deflection amount T obtained by filtering (t) to reduce the vibration component std_lp By approximating the response with a linear function of (t), the static response can be separated from the static and dynamic responses contained in the measurement data u(t) and calculated.

[0235] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u lp The linear coefficient c, which is the linear term of the linear function that approximates (t), 1 and deflection amount T std (t) and its product c 1 Tstd (t) corresponds to the displacement of the superstructure 7 proportional to the load of the railcar 6, and the offset T offset_std Since (t) corresponds to a displacement that is not proportional to the load of the railway vehicle 6, such as play or floating of the superstructure 7, the product c 1 T std (t) and offset T offset_std By adding (t) and (t), the static response can be calculated with high accuracy.

[0236] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 detects the fundamental frequency F f The above vibration components are attenuated in the measurement data u lp (t) is the deflection amount T std_lp By approximating (t) with a linear function, the linear coefficient c 1 and the zeroth coefficient c 0 Since the calculation accuracy of is improved, the static response can be calculated with high accuracy.

[0237] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates the offset T , which reflects the fact that in the section where the railcar 6 passes through the superstructure 7, a displacement that is not proportional to the load of the railcar 6, such as play or floating of the superstructure 7, occurs, and in the other sections, no displacement of the superstructure 7 occurs, by using the above-mentioned formula (55). offset_std Since (t) is calculated, the static response can be calculated with high accuracy.

[0238] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates the time t i and departure time t o Based on the number of railcars 6 C T Therefore, the number of vehicles C T It is possible to accurately calculate the static response when a railway vehicle 6 of unknown magnitude moves across the superstructure 7.

[0239] Furthermore, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u in which the vibration component is reduced. lp Based on (t), the entry time ti and departure time t o Since it is possible to accurately calculate the static response, it is possible to accurately calculate the static response.

[0240] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T, which is the first static response, with high accuracy from the measurement data u(t) by the above-mentioned equation (57). EOstd By subtracting (t), the dynamic response can be calculated with high accuracy.

[0241] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 generates measurement data u(t) based on the acceleration data a(t) output from the sensor 2, and calculates the deflection amount T of the superstructure 7 caused by the railway vehicle 6 based on the measurement data u(t) and equation (35), which is an approximation equation of deflection based on a structural model reflecting the structure of the superstructure 7 of the bridge 5. std Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the measurement data u(t) and the deflection amount T std (t) is a relatively simple process using the above-mentioned measurement method, and the static and dynamic responses when the railway vehicle 6 moves over the superstructure 7 are calculated. Therefore, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 can calculate the static and dynamic responses through processing with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0242] In addition, according to the measurement method of the first embodiment, since the speed of the railway vehicle 6 actually changes slightly but hardly at all, the measurement device 1 can measure the speed of the railway vehicle 6 at a constant average speed v a If the vehicle travels at an average speed of v a Based on the deflection amount T std By calculating (t), the deflection amount T std The amount of calculation can be significantly reduced while maintaining the calculation accuracy of (t).

[0243] According to the measurement method of the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 directly measures the average speed v a Without measuring the acceleration data a(t) output from the sensor 2, the average speed v of the railway vehicle 6 can be calculated by a simple calculation using equation (13).a can be calculated.

[0244] 2. Second embodiment In the following, the second embodiment will be described mainly with respect to the differences from the first embodiment, with the same reference numerals used for the same components as in the first embodiment, and explanations that overlap with the first embodiment will be omitted or simplified.

[0245] In the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration frequency of the static response and the natural vibration frequency of the dynamic response when a railway vehicle 6 passes through the superstructure 7.

[0246] The natural frequency u, calculated as the first dynamic response by the above equation (57), nv (t) includes a signal component with a frequency lower than the natural vibration frequency of the upper structure 7. Therefore, the measurement device 1 measures the natural vibration u nv For (t), the natural vibration u nv The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The second dynamic response, the natural vibration u, is obtained by high-pass filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp Calculate (t).

[0247] Specifically, the measurement device 1 first measures the natural vibration u nv (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is taken as the fundamental frequency F N Figure 31 shows the natural vibration u nv The power spectrum density obtained by fast Fourier transform processing of (t) is shown in FIG. 31. In the example of FIG. 31, the fundamental frequency F N is calculated to be about 3 Hz. Then, the measurement device 1 calculates the fundamental frequency F N From the fundamental period T N Calculate the fundamental period T N The moving average interval k is adjusted to the time resolution of the data by dividing by ΔT. mN Calculate the fundamental period T N is the fundamental frequency F N is the period corresponding to TN >2ΔT.

[0248]

number

[0249]

number

[0250] Then, the measurement device 1 performs high-pass filtering to obtain the natural vibration u nv From (t), the fundamental period T N The natural frequency u nv The natural vibration u is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal component that has been reduced by performing moving average processing on (t). nv_hp This moving average process not only requires a small amount of calculation, but also calculates the fundamental frequency F N Since the attenuation of the signal component of and its harmonic components is very large, a low-frequency signal component with effectively reduced vibration components can be obtained. Therefore, according to equation (60), the natural vibration u nv_hp (t) is obtained. Figure 32 shows the frequency characteristics of the high-pass filter using equation (60). Figure 33 shows the natural vibration u nv_hp An example of (t) is shown below.

[0251]

number

[0252] The measurement device 1 performs high-pass filtering to measure the natural vibration u nv (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F N The natural vibration u is generated by performing FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp (t) may be calculated.

[0253] Since the measurement data u(t) is the sum of the static response and the dynamic response, the measurement device 1 derives the natural vibration u, which is the second dynamic response, from the measurement data u(t) as shown in equation (61).nv_hp (t) is subtracted to obtain the static response T E The first static response, deflection T EOstd (t) and the second static response, static response T E The static response T E The static response T E (t) and the second dynamic response, the natural vibration u nv_hp 34, 35 and 36 show the static response T E (t) is the amount of deflection T EOstd It can be seen that compared to (t), it contains more low-frequency signal components and more faithfully reproduces the actual static response caused by the passage of a railway vehicle 6.

[0254]

number

[0255] Next, the measurement device 1 measures the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f TE Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the first natural vibration frequency f TE The measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The second natural vibration frequency f unv Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the second natural vibration frequency f unv The static response T in Fig. 36 is shown in Fig. 37. E (t) and natural vibration u nv The power spectrum densities obtained by fast Fourier transform processing of each of (t) are superimposed. In the example of FIG. 37, the first natural vibration frequency f TEis 2.896Hz, and the second natural vibration frequency f unv is 2.792Hz. That is, the second natural vibration frequency f unv is the first natural vibration frequency f TE 0.104Hz lower than

[0256] The static response T as the second static response calculated by the above equation (61) E (t) is the first natural vibration frequency f TE The measurement device 1 includes a static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f TE The static response T is obtained by attenuating the signal components with frequencies lower than E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp (t) may be calculated.

[0257] Specifically, the measurement device 1 first calculates the first natural vibration frequency f TE From period T TE Calculate the period T as shown in equation (63). TE The moving average interval k is adjusted to the time resolution of the data by dividing by ΔT. mTE Calculate the period T TE is the first natural vibration frequency f TE is the period corresponding to T TE >2ΔT.

[0258]

number

[0259]

number

[0260] Then, the measurement device 1 performs high-pass filtering to obtain the static response T E (t) from period T TE Static response at T EThe static response T is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal components that have been subjected to moving average processing of (t) to reduce the vibration components. E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp This moving average process not only requires a small amount of calculation, but also calculates the first natural vibration frequency f TE Since the attenuation of the signal component and its harmonic components is very large, a low-frequency signal component with effectively reduced vibration components can be obtained. Therefore, according to equation (63), the vibration component T E_hp (t) is obtained.

[0261]

number

[0262] The measurement device 1 performs high-pass filtering on the static response T E (t) vs. first natural vibration frequency f TE The vibration component T is filtered by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than E_hp (t) may be calculated.

[0263] The second static response, static response T E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp (t) and the second dynamic response, the natural vibration u nv_hp (t) and the static response T E (t) and natural vibration u nv_hp The relationship between the vibration component T E_hp (t) and natural vibration u nv_hp In the example of Figure 38, the natural vibration u nv_hp The phase of (t) lags, and the vibration component T E_hp Phase of (t) and natural vibration u nv_hp It can be seen that the phase of (t) is shifting. This is thought to be because, at the beginning of the railway vehicle 6 passing through the superstructure 7, the vibration displacement of the static response becomes an excitation source and excites the natural vibration of the superstructure 7, which has a slightly lower frequency.

[0264] The measurement device 1 also measures the amplitude of the vibration component included in the measurement data u(t) and the natural vibration u nv_hp In order to compare the amplitude of the measured data u(t), the envelope of each may be calculated. hp_mag (t) is obtained by low-pass filtering the absolute value of the measured data u(t) as shown in equation (65). Similarly, the natural vibration u nv_hp The envelope of (t) u nv_hp_mag (t) is the natural vibration u as shown in equation (66). nv_hp It is obtained by low-pass filtering the absolute value of (t).

[0265]

number

[0266]

number

[0267] Figure 39 shows the envelope u of the measurement data u(t). hp_mag (t) and natural vibration u nv_hp The envelope of (t) u nv_hp_mag As shown in Fig. 39, the amplitude of the vibration component contained in the measurement data u(t) and the natural vibration u nv_hp The first dynamic response calculation process differs from the amplitude of (t) in that the dynamic response excluding the influence of the static response more accurately represents the structural vibration characteristics of the superstructure 7.

[0268] Fig. 40 is a flow chart showing an example of the procedure of the measurement method of the second embodiment. In Fig. 40, the same reference numerals are given to steps that perform the same processes as the steps in Fig. 22. In this embodiment, the measurement device 1 executes the procedure shown in Fig. 40.

[0269] As shown in FIG. 40, first, similarly to the first embodiment, the measuring device 1 performs each process of steps S10 to S120.

[0270] Next, in a second dynamic response calculation step S121, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv For (t), the natural vibration u nv The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The second dynamic response, the natural vibration u, is obtained by high-pass filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp Calculate (t).

[0271] Next, in a second static response calculation step S122, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u(t) calculated in step S121 from the measurement data u(t) generated in the first measurement data generation step S20, as shown in the above-mentioned equation (61). nv_hp (t) is subtracted to obtain the static response T E Calculate (t).

[0272] Next, in the first natural vibration frequency calculation step S123, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f TE Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the first natural vibration frequency f TE It is calculated as follows.

[0273] Next, in the second natural vibration frequency calculation step S124, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The second natural vibration frequency f unv Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the second natural vibration frequency f unv It is calculated as follows.

[0274] Next, in the static response vibration component calculation step S125, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E Vibration component T contained in (t)E_hp Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f calculated in step S123 included in (t) TE The static response T is obtained by attenuating the signal components with frequencies lower than E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp For example, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E From (t), the first natural vibration frequency f TE The period T TE Static response at T E The static response T is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal components that have been subjected to moving average processing of (t) to reduce the vibration components. E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp Alternatively, the measurement device 1 calculates the static response T E (t) vs. first natural vibration frequency f TE The vibration component T is filtered by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than E_hp (t) may be calculated.

[0275] Next, in a first envelope calculation step S126, the measurement device 1 calculates the envelope u(t) of the measurement data u(t) generated in the first measurement data generation step S20. hp_mag Specifically, the measurement device 1 performs low-pass filtering on the absolute value of the measurement data u(t) to calculate the envelope u(t) as shown in the above equation (65). hp_mag Calculate (t).

[0276] Next, in the second envelope calculation step S127, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The envelope of (t) u nv_hp_mag Specifically, the measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The absolute value of (t) is low-pass filtered to obtain the envelope u nv_hp_mag Calculate (t).

[0277] Next, similarly to the first embodiment, the measurement device 1 performs the process of the measurement data output step S130. Note that the measurement data output by the measurement device 1 is the natural vibration u calculated in step S121. nv_hp (t), the static response T calculated in step S122 E (t) The first natural vibration frequency f calculated in step S123 TE , the second natural vibration frequency f calculated in step S124 unv , the vibration component T calculated in step S125 E_hp (t), the envelope u calculated in step S126 hp_mag (t) and the envelope u calculated in step S127 nv_hp_mag It may include at least one of (t).

[0278] Then, the measuring device 1 repeats the processes of steps S10 to S130 until the measurement is completed in step S140.

[0279] FIG. 41 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure of the second dynamic response calculation step S121 of FIG.

[0280] As shown in FIG. 41, first, in step S1211, the measurement device 1 measures the natural vibration u nv (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is taken as the fundamental frequency F N It is calculated as follows.

[0281] Then, in step S1212, the measurement device 1 measures the natural vibration u nv The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The natural vibration u is generated by high-pass filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp The measurement device 1 calculates the natural vibration u nv (t), the fundamental frequency F N The fundamental period T N The natural frequency u nv The natural vibration u is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal component that has been reduced by performing moving average processing on (t). nv_hpAlternatively, the measurement device 1 may calculate the natural vibration u nv (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F N The natural vibration u is generated by performing FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp (t) may be calculated.

[0282] Fig. 42 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the measurement device 1 in the second embodiment. As shown in Fig. 42, the measurement device 1 in the second embodiment includes a first communication unit 11, a second communication unit 12, a storage unit 13, and a processor 14, similar to the first embodiment. The functions of the first communication unit 11, the second communication unit 12, and the storage unit 13 are similar to those in the first embodiment, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0283] In this embodiment, the processor 14 executes the measurement program 131 stored in the memory unit 13 to function as an observation data acquisition unit 141, a first measurement data generation unit 142, a second measurement data generation unit 143, an observation information generation unit 144, an average velocity calculation unit 145, a first deflection amount calculation unit 146, a second deflection amount calculation unit 147, a coefficient calculation unit 148, a third deflection amount calculation unit 149, an offset calculation unit 150, a first static response calculation unit 151, a first dynamic response calculation unit 152, a measurement data output unit 153, a second dynamic response calculation unit 154, a second static response calculation unit 155, a first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156, a second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157, a static response vibration component calculation unit 158, a first envelope calculation unit 159 and a second envelope calculation unit 160. That is, the processor 14 includes an observation data acquisition unit 141, a first measurement data generation unit 142, a second measurement data generation unit 143, an observation information generation unit 144, an average velocity calculation unit 145, a first deflection amount calculation unit 146, a second deflection amount calculation unit 147, a coefficient calculation unit 148, a third deflection amount calculation unit 149, an offset calculation unit 150, a first static response calculation unit 151, a first dynamic response calculation unit 152, a measurement data output unit 153, a second dynamic response calculation unit 154, a second static response calculation unit 155, a first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156, a second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157, a static response vibration component calculation unit 158, a first envelope calculation unit 159 and a second envelope calculation unit 160.

[0284] The functions of the observation data acquisition unit 141, the first measurement data generation unit 142, the second measurement data generation unit 143, the observation information generation unit 144, the average speed calculation unit 145, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146, the second deflection amount calculation unit 147, the coefficient calculation unit 148, the third deflection amount calculation unit 149, the offset calculation unit 150, the first static response calculation unit 151, the first dynamic response calculation unit 152, and the measurement data output unit 153 are the same as those in the first embodiment, so their description will be omitted. The observation data acquisition unit 141 performs the process of the observation data acquisition step S10 in FIG. 40. The first measurement data generation unit 142 performs the process of the first measurement data generation step S20 in FIG. 40. The second measurement data generation unit 143 performs the process of the second measurement data generation step S30 in FIG. 40. The observation information generation unit 144 performs the process of the observation information generation step S40 in FIG. 40. Moreover, the average velocity calculation unit 145 performs the process of the average velocity calculation step S50 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the first deflection amount calculation unit 146 performs the process of the first deflection amount calculation step S60 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the second deflection amount calculation unit 147 performs the process of the second deflection amount calculation step S70 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the coefficient calculation unit 148 performs the process of the coefficient calculation step S80 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the third deflection amount calculation unit 149 performs the process of the third deflection amount calculation step S90 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the offset calculation unit 150 performs the process of the offset calculation step S100 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the first static response calculation unit 151 performs the process of the first static response calculation step S110 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the first dynamic response calculation unit 152 performs the process of the first dynamic response calculation step S120 of FIG. 40. Moreover, the measurement data output unit 153 performs the process of the measurement data output step S130 in FIG.

[0285] The second dynamic response calculation unit 154 calculates the natural vibration u nv For (t), the natural vibration u nv The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The second dynamic response, the natural vibration u, is obtained by high-pass filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp Specifically, the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 first calculates the natural vibration u nv(t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is taken as the fundamental frequency F N Then, the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 calculates the natural vibration u nv The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The natural vibration u is generated by high-pass filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp The second dynamic response calculation unit 154 calculates the natural vibration u nv (t), the fundamental frequency F N The fundamental period T N The natural frequency u nv The natural vibration u is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal component that has been reduced by performing moving average processing on (t). nv_hp Alternatively, the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 may calculate the natural vibration u nv (t) with respect to the fundamental frequency F N The natural vibration u is generated by performing FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp The natural vibration u(t) calculated by the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 may be calculated. nv_hp (t) may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 performs the processing of the second dynamic response calculation step S121 in Fig. 40, specifically, the processing of steps S1211 and S1212 in Fig. 41.

[0286] The second static response calculation unit 155 calculates the natural vibration u(t) calculated by the second dynamic response calculation unit 154 from the measurement data u(t) generated by the first measurement data generation unit 142 as in the above-mentioned equation (61). nv_hp (t) is subtracted to obtain the static response T E (t) is calculated. The static response T E (t) may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the second static response calculation unit 155 performs the process of the second static response calculation step S122 in FIG.

[0287] The first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156 calculates the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f TE Specifically, the first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156 calculates the static response T E (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the first natural vibration frequency f TE The first natural vibration frequency f calculated by the first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156 is TE may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156 performs the process of the first natural vibration frequency calculation step S123 in FIG.

[0288] The second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The second natural vibration frequency f unv Specifically, the second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp (t) is subjected to fast Fourier transform to calculate the power spectrum density, and the peak of the power spectrum density is determined as the second natural vibration frequency f unv The second natural vibration frequency f calculated by the second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157 is unv may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the second natural vibration frequency calculation unit 157 performs the process of the second natural vibration frequency calculation step S124 in FIG.

[0289] The static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​calculates the static response T E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp Specifically, the static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​calculates the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f calculated by the first natural vibration frequency calculation unit 156 included in (t) TEThe static response T is obtained by attenuating the signal components with frequencies lower than E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp For example, the static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​calculates the static response T E From (t), the first natural vibration frequency f TE The period T TE Static response at T E The static response T is calculated by subtracting the low-frequency signal components that have been subjected to moving average processing of (t) to reduce the vibration components. E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp Alternatively, the static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​calculates the static response T E (t) vs. first natural vibration frequency f TE The vibration component T is filtered by FIR filtering to attenuate the signal components with frequencies lower than E_hp The static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​may calculate the vibration component T E_hp (t) may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the static response vibration component calculation unit 158 ​​performs the process of the static response vibration component calculation step S125 in FIG.

[0290] The first envelope calculation unit 159 calculates the envelope u(t) of the measurement data u(t) generated by the first measurement data generation unit 142. hp_mag Specifically, the first envelope calculation unit 159 performs low-pass filtering on the absolute value of the measurement data u(t) to calculate the envelope u(t), as shown in the above equation (65). hp_mag The envelope u (t) calculated by the first envelope calculation unit 159 is calculated. hp_mag (t) may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the first envelope calculation unit 159 performs the process of the first envelope calculation step S126 in FIG.

[0291] The second envelope calculation unit 160 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The envelope of (t) u nv_hp_magSpecifically, the second envelope calculation unit 160 calculates the natural vibration u nv_hp The absolute value of (t) is low-pass filtered to obtain the envelope u nv_hp_mag The envelope u (t) calculated by the second envelope calculation unit 160 is calculated. nv_hp_mag (t) may be stored in the storage unit 13 as at least a part of the measurement data 135. That is, the second envelope calculation unit 160 performs the process of the second envelope calculation step S127 in FIG.

[0292] In this way, the measurement program 131 is a program that causes the measurement device 1, which is a computer, to execute each procedure of the flowchart shown in FIG.

[0293] In the measurement method of the second embodiment described above, the measurement device 1 measures the natural vibration u nv_hp For (t), the natural vibration u nv_hp The fundamental frequency F of (t) N The second dynamic response, the natural vibration u, is obtained by high-pass filtering to attenuate signal components with frequencies lower than nv_hp Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, it is possible to calculate a second dynamic response having higher accuracy than the first dynamic response in which signal components due to low-frequency noise, environmental vibration, and the like are reduced.

[0294] In the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates a natural vibration u(t) which is a second dynamic response with high accuracy from the measurement data u(t). nv_hp The second static response, the static response T E Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates the deflection amount T EOstd (t) is a more accurate static response than T E (t) can be calculated.

[0295] In the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 can measure the static response T E Based on (t), the first natural vibration frequency fTE and calculates the second dynamic response, the natural vibration u nv_hp Based on (t), the second natural vibration frequency f unv Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 can calculate the natural vibration frequency of the static response and the natural vibration frequency of the dynamic response with high accuracy.

[0296] In the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 measures the static response T E The first natural vibration frequency f TE The static response T is obtained by attenuating the signal components with frequencies lower than E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp (t). Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the user can calculate the static response T E Vibration component T contained in (t) E_hp (t) and the second dynamic response, the natural vibration u nv_hp By comparing (t) with (t), the relationship between the static response waveform and the dynamic response waveform can be analyzed.

[0297] In the measurement method of the second embodiment, the measurement device 1 calculates an envelope u(t) of the measurement data u(t) including the static response and the dynamic response. hp_mag (t) and the second dynamic response, the natural vibration u nv_hp The envelope of (t) u nv_hp_mag (t). Therefore, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, the user calculates the envelope u hp_mag (t) and envelope u nv_hp_mag By comparing (t) with (t), the relationship between the amplitude of the vibration component in which the static response and the dynamic response are superimposed and the amplitude of the dynamic response can be analyzed.

[0298] In addition, according to the measurement method of the second embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same effects as the measurement method of the first embodiment.

[0299] 3. Variations The present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

[0300] In each of the above embodiments, the sensor 2, which is the observation device, is an acceleration sensor that outputs acceleration data a(k), but the observation device is not limited to an acceleration sensor. For example, the observation device may be an impact sensor, a pressure sensor, a strain gauge, an image measuring device, a load cell, or a displacement gauge.

[0301] The impact sensor detects impact acceleration as a response to an action on each axle of the railway vehicle 6 at observation point R. The pressure sensor, strain gauge, and load cell detect stress changes as a response to an action on each axle of the railway vehicle 6 at observation point R. The image measuring device uses image processing to detect displacement as a response to an action on each axle of the railway vehicle 6 at observation point R. The displacement gauge is, for example, a contact type displacement gauge, a ring type displacement gauge, a laser displacement gauge, a pressure sensor, or a displacement measuring device using optical fiber, and detects displacement as a response to an action on each axle of the railway vehicle 6 at observation point R.

[0302] As an example, FIG. 43 shows a configuration example of the measurement system 10 using a ring-type displacement meter as the observation device. FIG. 44 shows a configuration example of the measurement system 10 using an image measuring device as the observation device. In FIG. 43 and FIG. 44, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and their description will be omitted. In the measurement system 10 shown in FIG. 43, a piano wire 41 is fixed between the upper surface of the ring-type displacement meter 40 and the lower surface of the main girder G directly above it, and the ring-type displacement meter 40 measures the displacement of the piano wire 41 due to the deflection of the superstructure 7 and transmits the measured displacement data to the measurement device 1. The measurement device 1 generates measurement data 135 based on the displacement data transmitted from the ring-type displacement meter 40. In the measurement system 10 shown in FIG. 44, a camera 50 transmits an image of a target 51 provided on the side of the main girder G to the measurement device 1. The measuring device 1 processes the image transmitted from the camera 50, calculates the displacement of the target 51 due to the deflection of the upper structure 7 to generate displacement data, and generates the measurement data 135 based on the generated displacement data. In the example of Fig. 44, the measuring device 1 generates the displacement data as an image measuring device, but an image measuring device (not shown) different from the measuring device 1 may generate the displacement data by image processing.

[0303] In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the bridge 5 is a railway bridge, and the moving body moving on the bridge 5 is a railway vehicle 6, but the bridge 5 may be a road bridge, and the moving body moving on the bridge 5 may be a vehicle such as an automobile, a tram, a truck, or a construction vehicle. FIG. 45 shows a configuration example of the measurement system 10 when the bridge 5 is a road bridge and a vehicle 6a moves on the bridge 5. In FIG. 45, the same components as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG. 45, the bridge 5, which is a road bridge, is composed of a superstructure 7 and a substructure 8, similar to a railway bridge. FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view of the superstructure 7 cut along the line AA in FIG. 45. As shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, the superstructure 7 includes a bridge deck 7a composed of a deck plate F, a main girder G, a cross girder (not shown), and a support 7b. As shown in FIG. 45, the substructure 8 includes a pier 8a and an abutment 8b. The superstructure 7 is a structure that spans either one of adjacent abutments 8b and piers 8a, two adjacent abutments 8b, or two adjacent piers 8a. Both ends of the superstructure 7 are located at the positions of adjacent abutments 8b and piers 8a, two adjacent abutments 8b, or two adjacent piers 8a. The bridge 5 is, for example, a steel bridge, a girder bridge, an RC bridge, or the like.

[0304] Each sensor 2 is installed in the longitudinal center of the superstructure 7, specifically, in the longitudinal center of the main girder G. However, as long as each sensor 2 is capable of detecting acceleration for calculating the displacement of the superstructure 7, its installation position is not limited to the central part of the superstructure 7. If each sensor 2 is installed on the deck F of the superstructure 7, there is a risk that it will be destroyed by the running vehicle 6a, and there is also a risk that the measurement accuracy will be affected by local deformation of the bridge deck 7a. Therefore, in the examples of Figures 45 and 46, each sensor 2 is installed on the main girder G of the superstructure 7.

[0305] As shown in FIG. 46, the superstructure 7 has two lanes L on which a vehicle 6a, which is a moving body, can move. 1 ,L 2 45 and 46, a sensor 2 is provided on each of the two main girders at both ends in the longitudinal center of the superstructure 7, and the lane L located vertically above one of the sensors 2 is 1At the surface position of observation point R 1 is provided, and a lane L located vertically above the other sensor 2 is provided. 2 At the surface position of observation point R 2 That is, the two sensors 2 are provided at the observation points R 1 ,R 2 Observation point R is an observation device that observes the following: 1 ,R 2 The two sensors 2, which respectively observe the following points, are located at the observation points R 1 ,R 2 The acceleration occurring at the observation point R must be detected. 1 ,R 2 It is preferable that the number of sensors 2 and their installation positions, as well as the number of lanes, are not limited to the examples shown in Fig. 45 and Fig. 46, and various modifications are possible.

[0306] The measurement device 1 detects the lane L of the vehicle 6a based on the acceleration data output from each sensor 2. 1 ,L 2 Calculate the deflection displacement of lane L 1 ,L 2 The information on the displacement of the upper structure 7 is transmitted to the monitoring device 3 via the communication network 4. The monitoring device 3 stores the information in a storage device (not shown) and may perform processing such as monitoring the vehicle 6a and determining whether there is an abnormality in the upper structure 7 based on the information.

[0307] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the sensors 2 are provided on the main girders G of the superstructure 7, but they may also be provided on the surface or interior of the superstructure 7, on the underside of the deck F, on the piers 8a, etc. Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the superstructure of a bridge is given as an example of a structure, but this is not limiting, and the structure may be any structure that deforms due to the movement of a moving object.

[0308] In each of the above embodiments, the measurement device 1 determines the approach time t i is calculated based on the observation data output from another observation device observing the approach end of the upper structure 7.i Similarly, in each of the above embodiments, the measurement device 1 may calculate the departure time t o is calculated based on the observation data output from another observation device that observes the advancing end of the upper structure 7. o may be calculated.

[0309] The above-described embodiment and modifications are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these. For example, the embodiments and modifications can be appropriately combined.

[0310] The present invention includes configurations that are substantially the same as the configurations described in the embodiments, for example, configurations with the same functions, methods, and results, or configurations with the same purpose and effects. The present invention also includes configurations in which non-essential parts of the configurations described in the embodiments are replaced. The present invention also includes configurations that achieve the same effects as the configurations described in the embodiments, or configurations that can achieve the same purpose. The present invention also includes configurations in which publicly known technology is added to the configurations described in the embodiments.

[0311] The following can be derived from the above-described embodiment and modifications.

[0312] One aspect of the measurement method is a first measurement data generation step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; Includes.

[0313] According to this measurement method, the second measurement data, which is the first measurement data filtered to reduce the vibration component, is approximated by a linear function of the second deflection amount, which is the first deflection amount filtered to reduce the vibration component, thereby making it possible to separate and calculate the static response from the static response and dynamic response contained in the first measurement data.

[0314] Furthermore, according to this measurement method, the product of the first deflection amount and the linear coefficient, which is the linear term of a linear function approximating the first deflection amount, corresponds to a displacement of the structure that is proportional to the load of the moving body, and the offset corresponds to a displacement that is not proportional to the load of the moving body, such as play or floating of the structure, so that the static response can be calculated with high accuracy by adding the product of the linear coefficient and the first deflection amount and the offset.

[0315] Furthermore, according to this measurement method, the dynamic response can be calculated with high accuracy by subtracting the first static response, which is calculated with high accuracy, from the first measurement data.

[0316] In addition, in this measurement method, the static response and the dynamic response when the moving body moves the structure are calculated by a relatively simple process using the first measurement data generated based on the observation data and the first deflection amount generated based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure. Therefore, according to this measurement method, the static response and the dynamic response can be calculated by a process with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0317] Furthermore, according to this measurement method, since the speed of the moving body actually changes slightly but hardly at all, by assuming that the moving body moves at a constant average speed and calculating the first deflection amount based on the average speed, it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of calculation while maintaining the calculation accuracy of the first deflection amount.

[0318] One aspect of the measurement method is The method may include a second dynamic response calculation step of calculating a second dynamic response by performing high-pass filtering on the first dynamic response to attenuate signal components having a frequency lower than a fundamental frequency of the first dynamic response.

[0319] According to this measurement method, it is possible to calculate a second dynamic response that is more accurate than the first dynamic response, in which signal components caused by low-frequency noise, environmental vibrations, etc. contained in the first dynamic response are reduced.

[0320] One aspect of the measurement method is The method may include a second static response calculation step of calculating a second static response by subtracting the second dynamic response from the first measurement data.

[0321] According to this measurement method, by subtracting the second dynamic response with higher accuracy from the first measurement data, it is possible to calculate the second static response with higher accuracy than the first static response.

[0322] One aspect of the measurement method is A first natural vibration frequency calculation step of calculating a first natural vibration frequency which is a fundamental frequency of the second static response; A second natural vibration frequency calculation step of calculating a second natural vibration frequency which is a fundamental frequency of the second dynamic response; may include:

[0323] According to this measurement method, the natural vibration frequency of the static response can be calculated with high accuracy based on the highly accurate second static response, and the natural vibration frequency of the dynamic response can be calculated with high accuracy based on the highly accurate second dynamic response.

[0324] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The structure may be a bridge superstructure.

[0325] According to this measurement method, the static and dynamic responses when a moving object moves across the superstructure of a bridge can be calculated using processing with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0326] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The moving object is a vehicle or a railroad car, Each of the plurality of parts may be an axle or a wheel.

[0327] According to this measurement method, the static and dynamic responses when a vehicle or railcar moves over a structure can be calculated using processing with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0328] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The approximation equation for the deflection of the structure may be an equation based on a structural model of the structure.

[0329] According to this measurement method, it is possible to calculate the first deflection amount that reflects the structure of the structure on which the moving body moves, and to calculate the static response and the dynamic response with high accuracy.

[0330] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The structural model may be a simple beam supported at both ends.

[0331] According to this measurement method, it is possible to accurately calculate the static and dynamic responses when a moving object moves through a structure that is similar to a simple beam.

[0332] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The observation device may be an acceleration sensor, an impact sensor, a pressure sensor, a strain gauge, an image measuring device, a load cell, or a displacement gauge.

[0333] According to this measurement method, the static response and the dynamic response can be measured with high accuracy using data on acceleration, stress change, or displacement.

[0334] In one embodiment of the measurement method, The structure may be a structure in which BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion) functions.

[0335] One aspect of the measurement device is a first measurement data generation unit that generates first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating unit that generates second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating unit that generates observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation unit that calculates an average speed of the moving object based on the observation information and environmental information that is created in advance and includes dimensions of the moving object and dimensions of the structure; a first deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation unit that approximates the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculates a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation unit that calculates an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation unit that calculates a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation unit that calculates a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; Includes.

[0336] According to this measuring device, the second measurement data, which is the first measurement data filtered to reduce the vibration component, is approximated by a linear function of the second deflection amount, which is the first deflection amount filtered to reduce the vibration component, thereby making it possible to separate and calculate the static response from the static response and dynamic response contained in the first measurement data.

[0337] Furthermore, according to this measuring device, the product of the first deflection amount and the linear coefficient, which is the linear term of a linear function approximating the first deflection amount, corresponds to a displacement of the structure that is proportional to the load of the moving body, and the offset corresponds to a displacement that is not proportional to the load of the moving body, such as play or floating of the structure, so that the static response can be calculated with high accuracy by adding the product of the linear coefficient and the first deflection amount and the offset.

[0338] Furthermore, according to this measurement device, the dynamic response can be calculated with high accuracy by subtracting the first static response, which is calculated with high accuracy, from the first measurement data.

[0339] Furthermore, this measurement device calculates the static and dynamic responses when the moving body moves the structure through a relatively simple process using the first measurement data generated based on the observation data and the first deflection amount generated based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure. Therefore, according to this measurement device, the static and dynamic responses can be calculated through a process with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0340] Furthermore, with this measuring device, since in reality the speed of the moving body changes very little, but not much, it is possible to calculate the first deflection amount based on the average speed by assuming that the moving body moves at a constant average speed, thereby making it possible to significantly reduce the amount of calculation while maintaining the calculation accuracy of the first deflection amount.

[0341] One aspect of the measurement system is An embodiment of the measuring device; The observation device; Equipped with.

[0342] One aspect of the measurement program is a first measurement data generation step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; and a first dynamic response calculating step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data.

[0343] According to this measurement program, the second measurement data, which is the first measurement data filtered to reduce vibration components, is approximated by a linear function of the second deflection amount, which is the first deflection amount filtered to reduce vibration components, thereby making it possible to separate and calculate the static response from the static response and dynamic response contained in the first measurement data.

[0344] Furthermore, according to this measurement program, the product of the first deflection amount and the linear coefficient, which is the linear term of a linear function approximating the first deflection amount, corresponds to a displacement of the structure that is proportional to the load of the moving body, and the offset corresponds to a displacement that is not proportional to the load of the moving body, such as play or floating of the structure, so that the static response can be calculated with high accuracy by adding the product of the linear coefficient and the first deflection amount and the offset.

[0345] Furthermore, according to this measurement program, the dynamic response can be calculated with high accuracy by subtracting the first static response, which is calculated with high accuracy, from the first measurement data.

[0346] In addition, in this measurement program, the static response and the dynamic response when the moving body moves the structure are calculated by a relatively simple process using the first measurement data generated based on the observation data and the first deflection amount generated based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure. Therefore, according to this measurement program, the static response and the dynamic response can be calculated by a process with a relatively small amount of calculation.

[0347] Furthermore, according to this measurement program, since in reality the speed of the moving body changes very little, but not much, it is assumed that the moving body moves at a constant average speed, and the first deflection amount is calculated based on the average speed, thereby making it possible to significantly reduce the amount of calculation while maintaining the calculation accuracy of the first deflection amount. [Explanation of symbols]

[0348] Reference Signs List 1...Measuring device, 2...Sensor, 3...Monitoring device, 4...Communication network, 5...Bridge, 6...Railway vehicle, 6a...Vehicle, 7...Superstructure, 7a...Bridge deck, 7b...Bearing, 7c...Rail, 7d...Sleeper, 7e...Ballast, F...Deck, G...Main girder, 8...Substructure, 8a...Pier, 8b...Abutment, 10...Measuring system, 11...First communication unit, 12...Second communication unit, 13...Memory unit, 14...Processor, 21 ...Communication unit, 22...Acceleration sensor, 23...Processor, 24...Memory unit, 31...Communication unit, 32...Processor, 33...Display unit, 34...Operation unit, 35...Memory unit, 40...Ring type displacement meter, 41...Piano wire, 50...Camera, 51...Target, 131...Measurement program, 132...Environmental information, 133...Observation data, 134...Observation information, 135...Measurement data, 141...Observation data acquisition acquisition unit, 142...first measurement data generation unit, 143...second measurement data generation unit, 144...observation information generation unit, 145...average velocity calculation unit, 146...first deflection amount calculation unit, 147...second deflection amount calculation unit, 148...coefficient calculation unit, 149...third deflection amount calculation unit, 150...offset calculation unit, 151...first static response calculation unit, 152...first dynamic response calculation unit, 153...measurement data output unit, 154 ...second dynamic response calculation unit, 155...second static response calculation unit, 156...first natural vibration frequency calculation unit, 157...second natural vibration frequency calculation unit, 158...static response vibration component calculation unit, 159...first envelope calculation unit, 160...second envelope calculation unit, 241...observation program, 242...observation data, 321...measurement data acquisition unit, 322...monitoring unit, 351...monitoring program, 352...measurement data sequence

Claims

1. a first measurement data generating step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body moving the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first-order coefficient, the zeroth-order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; Measurement methods, including

2. In claim 1, a second dynamic response calculation step of calculating a second dynamic response by performing high-pass filtering on the first dynamic response to attenuate signal components having a frequency lower than a fundamental frequency of the first dynamic response.

3. In claim 2, A measurement method comprising: a second static response calculating step of calculating a second static response by subtracting the second dynamic response from the first measurement data.

4. In claim 3, a first natural vibration frequency calculation step of calculating a first natural vibration frequency which is a fundamental frequency of the second static response; A second natural vibration frequency calculation step of calculating a second natural vibration frequency which is a fundamental frequency of the second dynamic response; Measurement methods, including

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, The measurement method, wherein the structure is a superstructure of a bridge.

6. In any one of claims 1 to 5, The moving object is a vehicle or a railroad car, A measurement method in which each of the multiple parts is an axle or a wheel.

7. In any one of claims 1 to 6, A measurement method, wherein the approximation equation for the deflection of the structure is an equation based on a structural model of the structure.

8. In claim 7, A measurement method, wherein the structural model is a simple beam supported at both ends.

9. In any one of claims 1 to 8, The measurement method, wherein the observation device is an acceleration sensor, an impact sensor, a pressure sensor, a strain gauge, an image measuring device, a load cell, or a displacement gauge.

10. In any one of claims 1 to 9, A measurement method, wherein the structure is a structure in which BWIM (Bridge Weigh in Motion) functions.

11. a first measurement data generating unit that generates first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body that moves the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating unit that generates second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating unit that generates observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation unit that calculates an average speed of the moving object based on the observation information and environmental information that includes dimensions of the moving object and dimensions of the structure that have been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation unit that approximates the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculates a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation unit that calculates a third deflection amount based on the first order coefficient, the zeroth order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation unit that calculates an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation unit that calculates a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation unit that calculates a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data; 4. A measuring device comprising:

12. The measurement device according to claim 11 ; The observation device; A measurement system equipped with

13. a first measurement data generating step of generating first measurement data based on a physical quantity that is a response to an action on an observation point of a structure of a plurality of parts of a moving body moving the structure, based on observation data output from an observation device that observes the observation point of the structure; a second measurement data generating step of generating second measurement data by filtering the first measurement data to reduce vibration components; an observation information generating step of generating observation information including an entry time and an exit time of the moving object with respect to the structure; an average speed calculation step of calculating an average speed of the moving body based on the observation information and environmental information including dimensions of the moving body and dimensions of the structure that has been created in advance; a first deflection amount calculation step of calculating a first deflection amount of the structure caused by the moving object based on an approximation equation for the deflection of the structure, the observation information, the environmental information, and the average speed; a second deflection amount calculation step of calculating a second deflection amount by filtering the first deflection amount to reduce vibration components; a coefficient calculation step of approximating the second measurement data with a linear function of the second deflection amount and calculating a first-order coefficient and a zeroth-order coefficient of the linear function; a third deflection amount calculation step of calculating a third deflection amount based on the first-order coefficient, the zeroth-order coefficient, and the second deflection amount; an offset calculation step of calculating an offset based on the zero-order coefficient, the second deflection amount, and the third deflection amount; a first static response calculation step of calculating a first static response by adding the product of the first coefficient and the first deflection amount to the offset; a first dynamic response calculation step of calculating a first dynamic response by subtracting the first static response from the first measurement data.

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