Switchgear

Abstract

To provide an opening / closing device having a fire extinguishing function.SOLUTION: The opening / closing device includes an opening / closing body capable of opening and closing an opening provided in a structure. The opening / closing device includes a fire extinguishing member 40 capable of spraying a fire extinguishing agent when a temperature of the atmosphere reaches a predetermined temperature on a front face and / or a rear face of the opening / closing body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an opening and closing device, and more particularly to an opening and closing device having a fire extinguishing function for a fire in the vicinity of an opening. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as one of the opening and closing devices installed at the entrances and exits of buildings such as buildings, or in the passages inside buildings, a slat-type shutter device having a shutter curtain made of a plurality of connected long metal plates called slats has been known. Such a slat-type shutter device has a fireproof function in the event of a fire. Patent Document 1 discloses a fireproof shutter device that obtains a fireproof function by providing a first fireproof sheet and a second fireproof sheet made of a non-combustible sheet on the back side of the shutter curtain that opens and closes the opening so that the opening can be opened and closed in the same manner as the shutter curtain. Patent Document 2 discloses an opening and closing device that obtains a fireproof effect by attaching a cover body that forms a closed space between the slats and the back side of the slats that constitute the shutter curtain, and applying a heat-shielding agent that foams and expands due to heat during a fire in the closed space, and by the foaming and expansion of the heat-shielding agent during a fire. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2011-153454 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2017-115511 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, according to Patent Documents 1 and 2, although the device has a fire prevention function, it does not have a fire extinguishing function that can actively extinguish a fire, so in the event of a fire, a fire extinguishing equipment such as a sprinkler, mist, or fire extinguisher installed near the opening is required. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, the present invention aims to provide an opening and closing device having a fire extinguishing function. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] As a configuration of an opening and closing device for solving the above problem, there is provided an opening and closing device having an opening and closing body capable of opening and closing an opening provided in a structure, the opening and closing body having a fire extinguishing member capable of ejecting a fire extinguishing agent when the temperature of the atmosphere reaches a predetermined temperature. However, when the insulating material is interposed on the front and rear surfaces of the opening and closing body, In addition, a protective member may be provided so as to overlap the fire extinguishing member and protect the fire extinguishing member. Effect of the Invention

[0006] According to each of the above configurations, it is possible to provide an opening and closing device having a fire extinguishing function. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opening and closing device according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shutter curtain and the winding mechanism. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view and a partially enlarged view of a slat provided with a fire extinguishing member and a protective member. [Figure 4] 13A and 13B are diagrams showing other mounting forms of the fire extinguishing member and the protective member on the slat. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a panel provided with a fire extinguishing member and a protective member. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a panel provided with a fire extinguishing member and a protective member. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door component panel of an overhead door. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a door component panel of an overhead door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims, and not all of the combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the solution of the invention, and include configurations that are selectively adopted.

[0009] Fig. 1 is a plan view of an opening and closing device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a shutter curtain and a winding mechanism. As shown in the figure, a slat-type shutter device (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a shutter device) 10 as an opening and closing device is installed in an opening 12 formed in a structure body 11. The structure body 11 is, for example, an exterior wall that separates the inside and outside of a structure such as a house, a building, a warehouse, or a factory, or an interior wall that separates an internal space inside the structure. The opening 12 is opened in the structure body 11, and is formed as a space that communicates between the inside and the outside.

[0010] The shutter device 10 generally comprises guide rails 20;20 erected at a distance from each other on both sides of the width of the opening 12, a shutter curtain 30 as an opening / closing body that moves along the longitudinal direction of the guide rails 20;20 to open or close the opening 12, a shutter case 14 provided above the opening 12 and the guide rails 20;20, and a winding mechanism 50 installed in the storage space inside the shutter case 14. Note that, in this example, a lightweight shutter is given as an example of the shutter device 10, but the present invention can also be applied to heavy-duty shutters, etc., which have slats 31 (described later) thicker than those of a lightweight shutter and are used for the purposes of management, fire prevention, and smoke prevention in buildings, factories, warehouses, etc.

[0011] In this specification, the width direction refers to the direction (left and right direction) perpendicular to the opening and closing (up and down) direction of the shutter curtain 30, and the "depth direction" refers to the thickness (front and back) direction of the shutter curtain 30. In addition, the "rolling direction" refers to the direction in which the shutter curtain 30 rises along the guide rail 20 and the opening 12 opens, and the "unwinding direction" refers to the direction in which the shutter curtain 30 falls along the guide rail 20 and the opening 12 closes.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1, the guide rails 20, 20 are erected with a portion of them buried in the structure body 11 so that their longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the structure body 11. The guide rails 20;20 are hollow members having an internal structure with a substantially U-shaped cross section. The guide rails 20;20 are arranged so that the openings of the U-shapes face each other. Both widthwise ends of a shutter curtain 30, which will be described later, are inserted into the guide rails 20;20. As a result, the widthwise ends of the shutter curtain 30 are guided in the opening / closing direction (up and down) by the guide rails 20;20.

[0013] 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the shutter curtain 30 and the slats 31. As shown in each figure, the shutter curtain 30 is composed of a plurality of slats 31. Each slat 31 is made of a metal such as steel, stainless steel, or aluminum, and is a plate-like member extending along the width direction of the opening 12. Curved curled portions 32 and 33 are formed at the end (upper end) in the winding direction and the end (lower end) in the unwinding direction of each slat 31, respectively.

[0014] The curled portion 32 curves radially inward of the cylindrical wheel 52 that constitutes the winding mechanism 50, and engages with the curled portion 33 formed on the slat 31 adjacent in the winding direction. The curled portion 33 curves radially inward of the wheel 52, and engages with the curled portion 32 formed on the slat 31 adjacent in the payout direction. In this way, the slats 31 that are vertically adjacent to each other are connected to each other so as to be freely rotatable.

[0015] As shown in the partially enlarged view of Fig. 2, the slat 31 has a fire extinguishing member 40 and a protective member 42 on the front surface 31A and the rear surface 31B of the main body 34 formed as a flat surface, respectively. The fire extinguishing member 40 is formed in a sheet shape using an aerosolized potassium compound as the agent. The fire extinguishing member 40 is formed in a band shape having a width dimension approximately the same as that of the slat 31 and a vertical dimension slightly shorter than the vertical dimension between the curled portions 32 and 33 of the slat 31, for example.

[0016] When the temperature of the surroundings (ambient) reaches a certain level (e.g., 300°C) or higher due to radiant heat during a fire, the extinguishing member 40 ejects an aerosolized potassium compound, which is an extinguishing agent. The ejected potassium compound floats in the space near the shutter curtain 30 like smoke and reacts with oxygen and hydrogen to suppress the combustion cycle of the fire. In other words, the extinguishing member 40 functions as one of the heat-sensitive fire extinguishing devices for fires occurring on the front side or rear side of the shutter curtain 30, and suppresses the spread of the fire.

[0017] The protective member 42 is made of, for example, a mesh-like sheet or film, and is provided overlapping the fire extinguishing member 40 so as to cover the fire extinguishing member 40 fixed to the front surface 31A and the rear surface 31B of the slat 31. The protective member 42 is formed in a long strip shape, for example, with a width dimension set to be approximately the same as that of the fire extinguishing member 40 or set so as not to protrude from both ends of the slat 31, and with a vertical dimension slightly longer than that of the fire extinguishing material 40.

[0018] The material of the protective member 42 is preferably one that can withstand a temperature higher than the operating temperature of the fire extinguishing member 40. The size of the mesh is set to a size that avoids damage to the fire extinguishing member 40 when the fire extinguishing member 40 is wound up on the wheel 52 by the opening and closing operation of the shutter curtain 30, and does not impede the ejection of the extinguishing agent in the event of a fire. By providing the protective member 42 on top of the fire extinguishing member 40, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the extinguishing action in the event of a fire due to prior damage to the fire extinguishing member 40.

[0019] The protective member 42 is not limited to a mesh-like member, and may be a mesh-like sheet or film without openings to protect the fire extinguishing member 40. In this case, the protective member 42 is preferably made of a material that melts or disappears at a temperature lower than the working temperature of the fire extinguishing member 40 due to the heat of a fire, allowing the surface of the fire extinguishing member 40 to be exposed.

[0020] The fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 are fixed to the surface of the slat 31 by a fixing means such as an adhesive. It is preferable to use a heat-resistant adhesive so that the fire extinguishing member 40 does not fall off from the slat 31 due to heat before the operating temperature of the fire extinguishing member 40 is reached or due to aging.

[0021] The fire extinguishing operation of the fire extinguishing member 40 will now be described. Assume that a fire occurs on the front side of the shutter curtain 30 when the shutter curtain 30 is closed. Then, when the temperature of the front side of the shutter curtain 30 reaches about 300°C, the fire extinguishing member 40 provided on the front side of the slat 31 comes into action, and the extinguishing agent is forcefully ejected, and the ejected extinguishing agent floats in the space on the front side of the shutter curtain 30 in the form of smoke. The floating extinguishing agent reacts with oxygen and hydrogen to suppress the combustion cycle of the fire, extinguishing the fire that has occurred on the front side of the shutter curtain 30, and suppressing the spread of the fire.

[0022] Other configurations of the shutter device 10 will be described below. As shown in Fig. 2, a seat plate 35 is engaged with the end of the shutter curtain 30 in the extension direction. The seat plate 35 is a plate body with a rectangular cross section extending along the width direction of the shutter curtain 30, and is the part that comes into contact with the floor surface or the ground when the opening 12 is fully closed. The seat plate 35 is set shorter than the width dimension of the slats 31. Specifically, the seat plate 35 is set slightly shorter than the dimension between the guide rails 20;20, and has a dimension that does not cause both ends to be swallowed up into the guide rails 20;20.

[0023] Next, the winding mechanism 50 that operates the shutter curtain 30 in the winding direction or the unwinding direction will be generally described. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the winding mechanism 50 is a mechanism that is installed in the shutter case 14 and winds up or unwinds the shutter curtain 30. The winding mechanism 50 includes left and right brackets 15;15 that constitute a part of the shutter case 14, a shaft 51 that is installed between the left and right brackets 15;15, wheels 52;52 that are rotatable in the winding direction and the unwinding direction in synchronization with the rotation of the shaft 51, and a motor (not shown) that rotates the shaft 51 in the winding direction or the unwinding direction.

[0024] The shaft 51 is a support extending in the width direction of the guide rails 20;20, and both ends are rotatably supported by holding means (not shown) provided on the brackets 15;15. A driven wheel 53 connected to a connecting body 55 such as an endless chain or belt is provided around one end of the shaft 51. The driven wheel 53 is connected via the connecting body 55 to a driving wheel provided on the output shaft of a motor (not shown), and the rotational force of the motor is transmitted to the shaft 51 via the driving wheel, the connecting body 55, and the driven wheel 53.

[0025] The wheels 52;52 are cylindrical metal members provided at a predetermined interval from the shaft 51. The wheels 52;52 are fitted to the shaft 51 through a fitting hole (not shown) opened in the center, and freely rotate around the shaft 51. The wheels 52;52 are connected to each other by a plurality of winding members 54. The winding members 54 are supports extending parallel to the shaft 51, and both ends are fitted into connecting holes (not shown) opened at equal intervals in the circumferential direction centered on the fitting hole of the wheels 52;52.

[0026] As shown in Fig. 2, the shutter curtain 30 is connected to the wheel 52 by a hanging member 58 fastened to the circumferential surface of the wheel 52. The hanging member 58 is a metal plate, and has a curved shape corresponding to the curvature of the circumferential surface of the wheel 52. The hanging member 58 is fastened integrally to the wheel 52 by fastening means such as bolts and nuts through fastening holes opened in the circumferential surface of the wheel 52. A curled connecting portion 58A is formed on the end of the hanging member 58 in the unwinding direction. The connecting portion 58A engages with the curled portion 32 of the slat 31 located furthest from the winding direction side among the multiple slats 31 that constitute the shutter curtain 30.

[0027] The opening and closing operation of the shutter curtain 30 having the above-mentioned configuration will be described below. As shown in Fig. 2(a), when the shutter curtain 30 opens the opening 12 (fully open state), the motor is driven and controlled by operating an operation panel (not shown) to rotate the shaft 51 in the unwinding direction, the wheel 52 rotates in response to the rotation of the shaft 51, and the shutter curtains 30 layered on the outer circumferential surface of the wheel 52 are unwound one by one. Then, as shown in Fig. 2(b), the wheel 52 continues to rotate in the unwinding direction, and the entire opening 12 is closed by the shutter curtain 30 (fully closed state).

[0028] On the other hand, when the motor is controlled to drive in the reverse direction and the shaft 51 rotates in the winding direction from the state in which the shutter curtain 30 closes the opening 12 (fully closed state) shown in Fig. 2(b), the wheel 52 rotates in response to the rotation of the shaft 51, and the shutter curtain 30 opens the opening 12 while gradually being wound along the outer circumferential surface of the wheel 52. Then, as shown in Fig. 2(a), when the rotation in the winding direction by the wheel 52 continues and the shutter curtain 30 is wound up by more than the circumference of the wheel 52, the shutter curtain 30 wound up from the second round onwards is wound up while being stacked on the shutter curtain 30 wound up in the first round, and the entire area of ​​the opening 12 is opened (fully open state). In addition, although the winding mechanism 50 in the above embodiment is exemplified as an electric winding mechanism 50 having a motor, a manual winding mechanism using a biasing means such as a coil spring inserted around the axis of the shaft 51 may also be adopted.

[0029] Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications and improvements can be made by combining the embodiments. Moreover, it is clear from the claims that such various modifications and improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protection member 42 in the slat 31. In the above embodiment, the fire extinguishing member 40 is directly fixed to the front surface 31A and the rear surface 31B of the main body 34 of the slat 31 via an adhesive, but this is not limited to this. For example, as shown in the figure, the fire extinguishing member 40 may be fixed to the slat 31 on each surface with a heat insulating material 44 interposed therebetween. The heat insulating material 44 may be formed with a length in the width direction and a width in the opening and closing direction that is the same as or slightly larger than the fire extinguishing member 40, and may be fixed to the slat 31 via an adhesive. Then, the fire extinguishing member 40 may be fixed with an adhesive so as to be overlapped on the heat insulating material 44.

[0031] For example, suppose that the shutter device 10 is installed in the middle of a passageway, and the passageway is blocked by the shutter curtain 30 due to a fire, and the fire occurs on the front side of the shutter curtain 30. In such a case, the rear side of the shutter curtain 30 is the passageway side for evacuees. Then, when the front side of the shutter curtain 30 reaches a predetermined temperature due to the heat of the fire, the extinguishing agent is ejected from the fire extinguishing member 40 on the front side. However, if the heat insulating material 44 does not exist, the heat is transferred through the slat 31, and the fire extinguishing member 40 on the rear side may function. Therefore, as shown in the figure, by fixing the fire extinguishing member 40 to the slat 31 through the heat insulating material 44, it is possible to prevent the malfunction of the fire extinguishing member 40 on the side not affected by the fire. If the direction of fire outbreak can be predicted to some extent, the heat insulating material 44 may be provided on either the front side or the rear side of the slat 31.

[0032] 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 of the slat 31. As shown in the figure, the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 may be provided only on either the front side or the rear side.

[0033] In the above embodiment, the shutter curtain 30 is composed of multiple slats 31, but the shutter curtain 30 may also be composed of a so-called panel curtain made by combining multiple flat panels, or a sheet curtain made of a sheet of non-flammable resin, etc.

[0034] 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional views showing an example in which a fire extinguishing member 40 and a protective member 42 are provided on a panel 61 constituting a panel curtain. When providing a fire extinguishing member 40 on a panel 61 constituting a panel curtain, for example, as shown in Fig. 5(a), the fire extinguishing member 40 may be directly adhered to the front and rear surfaces of the panel 61, and the protective member 42 may be adhered to overlap the fire extinguishing member 40 adhered and fixed to the panel 60 so as to protect the fire extinguishing member 40 from interference between the panels when the panel 61 is rolled up. Also, as shown in Fig. 5(b), the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 may be attached to either the front surface or the rear surface of the panel 61.

[0035] 6(a), a heat insulating material 44 may be adhered to the front and rear surfaces of a panel 61, a fire extinguishing member 40 may be adhered on the heat insulating material 44, and a protective member 42 may be adhered on top of the fire extinguishing member 40. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 may be adhered on top of each other with the heat insulating material 44 interposed only on either the front surface or the rear surface of the panel 61.

[0036] Furthermore, the form of the opening and closing device is not limited to one in which an opening and closing body such as a shutter curtain 30 made up of multiple slats or a panel curtain made up of multiple panels is housed in a shutter case provided above the opening, but may also be a so-called overhead door type in which the opening and closing body is stored by sliding it toward the upper rear.

[0037] 7 and 8 are vertical cross-sectional views of a door component panel of an overhead door. The overhead door is formed by connecting a plurality of door component panels 71 formed in a long rectangular shape along the width direction, for example, like a panel curtain. Such a door component panel 71 is provided with an intermediate frame 76 extending in the width direction between upper and lower frames 72 and 73 extending in the width direction, for example. In the door component panel 71, one surface is formed as a design surface in a substantially flat shape, and the other surface is formed in a state in which the upper and lower frames 72 and 73 and the intermediate frame 76 are exposed. In the case where one surface is formed as a design surface in this way, for example, the design surface faces the outdoors as the front surface, and the rear surface faces the indoor side. In this case, the fire extinguishing member 40 may be provided on the rear side (indoor side) where a fire is more likely to occur. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, when the unevenness of the rear surface is simple, the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 may be formed, for example, between the upper and lower frames 72 and 73 so as to follow the uneven shape of the rear surface, and each may be bonded to the rear surface of the door component panel 71. Furthermore, if the unevenness on the rear surface is complex, a flat metal plate 46 such as an iron plate can be sandwiched between the upper and lower frames 72; 73, the fire extinguishing member 40 can be adhered to this metal plate 46, and the protective member 42 can be laminated and adhered to the fire extinguishing member 40.

[0038] As a form of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing body for opening and closing the opening may be a sheet shutter made of a flexible sheet material having smoke-proofing properties and fire resistance (including flame retardancy) as required, such as flame-retardant fabrics such as glass cloth or silica cloth, polyvinyl chloride resin sheet material treated with fluorine, synthetic resin sheet material containing glass fiber, etc. The sheet shutter opens and closes the opening by winding and unrolling the sheet shutter as an opening and closing body above the opening, similar to a slat-type shutter. In this case, the fire extinguishing member 40 may be formed so as to cover at least the entire area of ​​the opening when the sheet shutter closes the opening. The fire extinguishing member 40 may be bonded to the front and rear surfaces of the sheet shutter, or to either one of the surfaces. In addition, in order to prevent damage to the fire extinguishing member during the operation of winding and unrolling the sheet shutter, a protective member 42 may be bonded to the fire extinguishing member 40. It should be noted that the fire extinguishing member 40 and the protective member 42 do not necessarily need to be adhered to each other, and they may simply be provided overlapping the sheet shutter so that they are rolled up and rolled out together with the sheet shutter when the sheet shutter is rolled up and rolled out.

[0039] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing member 40 according to the present embodiment is not limited to being provided on an opening / closing body that undergoes deformation when the opening is opened and closed, and may be an opening / closing body that does not undergo deformation when opened and closed, such as a fire door. In this case, the fire extinguishing member 40 may be directly bonded to one surface (front surface) or the other surface (rear surface) of the fire door, or the fire extinguishing member 40 may be bonded via a heat insulating material, and further, a protection member 42 may be laminated and bonded to cover the fire extinguishing member 40, thereby imparting a fire extinguishing function to the fire door.

[0040] As described above, by providing both or either of the front and rear surfaces of the opening / closing body with a fire extinguishing member that ejects a fire extinguishing agent when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, a fire near the opening / closing device can be automatically and actively extinguished. In addition, the application of the fire extinguishing member to the opening / closing body may be selectively performed on both or either of the front and rear surfaces of the opening / closing body depending on the location where the opening / closing device is installed, such as an entrance or exit of a building or a passageway inside the building. In addition, a protective member or a heat insulating material to be overlaid on the fire extinguishing member may also be selectively provided as appropriate depending on the location.

[0041] The opening and closing device according to each of the above configurations can help extinguish a fire near the opening and closing device. If the device is configured to include a protective member that protects the fire extinguishing member, damage to the fire extinguishing member can be prevented. If the fire extinguishing member is provided on the opening and closing body via a heat insulating material, heat transfer from one side of the opening and closing body to the other side can be prevented. [Explanation of symbols]

[0042] 10 shutter device, 12 opening, 14 shutter case, 20 guide rail, 30 shutter curtain, 31 slat, 40 fire extinguishing material, 42 protective components, 44 insulation materials.

Claims

1. An opening / closing device having an opening / closing body capable of opening and closing an opening provided in a structure, An opening and closing device characterized in that a fire extinguishing member capable of spraying a fire extinguishing agent when the temperature of the atmosphere reaches a predetermined temperature is provided on each of the front and rear surfaces of the opening and closing body with a thermal insulating material interposed therebetween.

2. The opening and closing device according to claim 1, further comprising a protection member provided over the fire extinguishing member to protect the fire extinguishing member.

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