Shoe soles

Abstract

To provide an improved sole for shoes, especially for sports shoes. In one aspect, a sole for a shoe, in particular for a sports shoe, is provided, The sole includes a cushioning element including randomly arranged particles of foam material and a control element. can.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sole for a shoe, in particular for a sports shoe. [Background technology]

[0002] Shoes have many characteristics depending on the sole, and their identification depends on the specific shoe type. Primarily, shoe soles typically have a protective function. The sole is more rigid than the shoe shaft, so it is more likely to be stepped on by the wearer, for example. It protects the feet of each wearer against injuries caused by certain sharp objects. The sole is highly abrasion resistant and therefore usually protects the shoe against excessive wear. Furthermore, the shoe sole improves the grip of the shoe on the ground, respectively, and therefore Another function of the shoe sole is to provide a certain stability. Furthermore, the shoe sole can, for example, absorb the forces that occur during contact of the shoe with the ground. Finally, the shoe sole can have a cushioning effect by absorbing dirt and They can also protect the feet from water and splashes, and can serve several other functions.

[0003] To satisfy these many functions, various types of soles from which the shoe soles can be manufactured are required. Materials are known from the prior art, for example ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), rubber, polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS Each of these different materials has its own unique characteristics. They offer special combinations of various properties that are more or less suited to the specific requirements of a type of fuse. For example, TPU is highly abrasion resistant and tear resistant. In addition, EVA is It is characterized by its high quality and relatively good cushioning effect. Specifically, the use of expanded thermoplastic urethane (eTPU) is the key to the manufacture of shoe soles. For example, WO2005 / 066250A1 states that The shoe shaft is adhesively connected to the sole, which is based on rubber-like thermoplastic urethane. The method for manufacturing the shoes is described. The foamed thermoplastic urethane is lightweight and elastic. and is characterised by particularly good cushioning properties.

[0004] Cushioning and absorbing the impact energy generated when the foot strikes the ground, i.e. vertically In addition to cushioning the foot, the shoe also absorbs shear forces horizontally during running. This occurs even on surfaces with good grip and therefore moves with the foot when it comes into contact with the ground. It is further known from the prior art that the shoe stops suddenly when the ground is turned on. If the shear cannot be at least partially absorbed by the surface and / or shoe sole, The force is transferred unabated to the locomotor system, specifically to the knee. This is easily achieved by This leads to excessive strain on the sole and can lead to injury. Excessive running capacity can lead to a loss of stability, especially while running fast, and increased risk of injury. The increase in shear strength is due to the fact that certain areas of the sole are clearly more stable. In addition, the shear capacity of the structure may be reduced by, for example, Elevation in the toe area of ​​the midfoot reduces shoe slippage while running This may cause a sensation to the wearer, which may reduce wearing comfort.

[0005] To solve this problem, some of the shear forces that occur during running are deflected away from the joints, Sole structures that can absorb shock in a flexible manner have been developed from the prior art, e.g. DE 10244433 B4 and and DE 10244435 B4. However, the disadvantage of these structures is that Such soles are constructed from several independent individual components that are fairly heavy, expensive and complex to manufacture. The reason is that it has been achieved.

[0006] Furthermore, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005 / 0150132(A1) states that Small enough that the beads can shift due to pressure on the insole caused by the user's foot Footwear (such as shoes, sandals, boots, etc.) made with beads stuffed into the insole In U.S. Patent No. 7,673,397 (B2), a plate and a recess are disclosed. Footwear having a support assembly formed therein is disclosed. U.S. Pat. No. 82,684(B2) has at least one separation track between the areas of the sole unit. The area has a gap so that it can separate in response to the forces caused by contact between the foot and the ground. The sole unit for a shoe is disclosed in DE102011108744. A1 discloses a method for manufacturing a sole or a part of a sole for a shoe. No. 007 / 082838A1 discloses a foam based on thermoplastic polyurethane. US Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0047720(A1) describes a sole for footwear. A method for manufacturing the assembly is disclosed. discloses a method for forming a composite material. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] WO2005 / 066250A1 [Patent Document 2] DE10244433B4 [Patent Document 3] DE10244435B4 [Patent Document 4] US Patent Application Publication No. 2005 / 0150132(A1) [Patent Document 5] U.S. Patent No. 7,673,397(B2) [Patent Document 6] U.S. Patent No. 8,082,684(B2) [Patent Document 7] DE102011108744A1 [Patent Document 8] WO2007 / 082838A1 [Patent Document 9] US Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0047720(A1) [Patent Document 10] WO2006 / 015440A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Starting from the prior art, therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a shoe, in particular a sports shoe, Another object is to provide a better sole for shoes. The improved shear strength of the shoe sole can be selectively influenced by the The aim of the project is to provide a new possibility. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, these problems are solved by using randomly arranged particles of foam material. The problem is solved by a sole for a shoe, in particular for a sports shoe, which is provided with a cushioning element comprising The sole further comprises a control element that is free of foam material, and the control element , shear motion in a first region of the cushioning element compared to shear motion in a second region of the cushioning element is reduced.

[0010] The use of cushioning elements containing foam material is particularly advantageous in the construction of shoe soles. This is because the material is very lightweight, but at the same time reduces the impact energy when the foot strikes the ground. This is because the runner can absorb the heat and return it to the runner, improving running efficiency. This improves the rate of injury and reduces the (vertical) shock loads on the locomotor system. Another advantage is that the random distribution This is achieved by using particles of foam material placed in the sole. This makes the manufacture of nanoparticles very easy, since particles are particularly easy to handle and their random This is because the arrangement eliminates the need for alignment during manufacturing.

[0011] The use of control elements that allow selective control of the shear capacity of the cushioning elements further Absorbs horizontal shear forces that would otherwise have a direct impact on the locomotor system, especially the joints. This makes it possible to construct a sole that can also be cushioned. Improves the comfort of the shoe and the runner's efficiency while reducing injuries and joint problems. The control elements are preferably free of foam materials, It has sufficient strength to follow its function.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the particles of foam material are expanded ethylene vinyl acetate (eEVA), Expanded Thermoplastic Urethane (eTPU), Expanded Polypropylene (ePP), Expanded Polyamide (e PA), Expanded Polyether Block Amide (ePEBA), Expanded Polyoxymethylene (e POM), expanded polystyrene (PS), expanded polyethylene (ePE), expanded polyoxyethylene (ePOE), Expanded Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (eEPDM) According to the sole requirement profile, one or more of these materials may be used. A number of different materials can be advantageously used in the manufacture of soles due to their unique properties.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the control element is made of rubber, non-foamed thermoplastic urethane, textile. One or more of the following: tile material, PEBA, and foil and foil-like materials. Contains numbers.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the specific shear resistance of the first region of the cushioning element is higher than the second area. The use of such cushioning elements with areas of combined specific shear resistance allows the shunt This allows for greater freedom in sole construction, resulting in a variety of fit possibilities.

[0015] In one embodiment, the control element influences the shear motion of the cushioning element in the second region. The first control region influences the shear motion of the cushioning element in the first region more than the second control region. In the control area, the thickness is greater and / or the number of holes is fewer. For example, the bending and deformation resistance of the control element can be determined based on the size, etc. These characteristics of the control elements are determined in part by the shear capacity and This can affect the strength and bending capacity of the structure.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the cushioning element is provided as a component of the midsole. In a preferred embodiment, the control element is provided as part of the outsole.

[0017] The cushioning element as part of the midsole and / or the control element as part of the outsole By constructing the sole as a single component, the number of different functional components of the sole and shoe can be minimized. This allows the wearer to minimize the wear and tear on the sole while improving the adaptability and controllability of the sole characteristics. This allows, for example, the construction of shoes to be simplified and their weight significantly reduced. In addition, adhesives for bonding the various elements of the sole and the shoe can be used. No additional composite materials are required. Therefore, the shoe manufacturing process is ultimately This is improved and more cost effective, and preferably made from materials of a common material class. Since less than 100% of the raw materials are used, recycling possibilities are improved.

[0018] In another embodiment, the outsole is attached directly to the second region of the cushioning element of the midsole. The decoupling region is not connected to the ferroelectric layer. This further influences and / or improves the shear strength of the sole, as For example, a control element provided as part of the outsole can be used to The control element is connected to a cushioning element provided as part of the midsole by gel or the like. The gel allows for a different shear action between the control element and the cushioning element, Therefore, it becomes possible to absorb higher shear forces.

[0019] According to another aspect of the invention, the control element and the cushioning element are made from materials of a common material class. Specifically, the sole and the shoe can be made of thermoplastic urethane. This simplifies the manufacture of fuses, particularly by using materials from a common material class. Materials can often be combined with each other and can be combined together significantly more easily than materials from different classes. It can be processed into.

[0020] According to another aspect of the invention, the first region is located in the medial region of the midfoot and the second region is located in the medial region of the midfoot. Located in the lateral heel area. Shear forces occurring during running are especially prevalent when the foot makes contact with the ground. This typically occurs in the lateral heel area. For this reason, shear stress A good shear capacity of the sole to absorb the forces is desirable there. However, in the medial area of ​​the foot, Improved support and stability are often desired, so that the foot can better engage with the ground. This allows for pushing away and further pronation of the foot which can lead to inflammation and injury. can be prevented.

[0021] According to another aspect of the invention, the control element further comprises: Specifically, the control area is designed as part of the outsole. Control elements can provide these functions.

[0022] According to another aspect of the invention, the sole includes a foamed foam surrounding at least a portion of the cushioning element. The frame is made of a material that is not oxidized, specifically ethylene vinyl acetate. Such a frame, for example, allows for greater control of shear resistance and improves the stability of the sole. It can also be used to improve performance.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the cushioning element provides a cushioning effect such that the lower sole surface is 1 Longitudinal shear movements of more than 1.5 mm, particularly preferably more than 2 mm, are possible. These values ​​ensure sufficient stability of the shoe sole and high absorption of horizontal shear forces. There is a good balance between the forces.

[0024] Preferably, the control elements are laser cut from a blank. In the form of an outsole or part of an outsole that is laser cut from the ink. can be done.

[0025] In its simplest form, the blank may be, for example, the control element / outsole mentioned above. It may be provided as a layer of material comprising one or more of the materials suitable for manufacturing. For example, blanks having predefined holes, ridges, etc. may be provided in various sizes and thicknesses. It may also have the general outline of a foot or sole.

[0026] Laser cutting of the control elements allows for a high degree of freedom in the design of the control elements. It may also provide the opportunity for individual customization of control elements, soles, and shoes. For example, it allows for numerous fashion designs and personalization of each sole or shoe. Customization can be sport specific or based on the customer's typical movements. In addition, laser cutting is largely automated. It can be based, for example, on online tools or other management methods. Cut.

[0027] However, the customization features and online management mentioned above are not included herein. It may be used with other embodiments of the sole and shoe of the present invention as may be seen or conceived. The control elements may be laser cut from a blank, but are not necessarily laser cut.

[0028] Another aspect of the invention comprises a sole according to one or more of the preceding embodiments of the invention. The present invention relates to a shoe, in particular a sports shoe. The above aspects are advantageously combined with one another depending on the requirements profile of the sole and the shoe. Furthermore, a single aspect may be set aside if it is not related to the respective purpose of the shoe. It is possible.

[0029] The following detailed description describes currently preferred implementations and embodiments of the sole according to the present invention. A new example is described with reference to the following figure. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1] An embodiment of a shoe sole having a midsole and an outsole for selectively influencing the shear and bending strength of the midsole. The sole further comprises a reinforcing element partially embedded in the midsole and a heel clip. [Diagram 2] 1 shows shoes having various soles used in the measurements of FIGS. 3 to 9. [Figure 3a] A comparison of vertical compression between an eTPU midsole and an EVA midsole as the foot contacts the ground. [Figure 3b] A comparison of vertical compression between an eTPU midsole and an EVA midsole as the foot contacts the ground. [Figure 4] 4 shows the vertical compression measurements of an eTPU midsole and an EVA midsole during a complete step cycle. [Figure 5a] 1 shows a comparison of localized material stretching on the outer sidewall of an eTPU midsole and an EVA sole during the rolling motion of the foot from the heel region to the forefoot region during a step. [Figure 5b] 1 shows a comparison of localized material stretching on the outer sidewall of an eTPU midsole and an EVA sole during the rolling motion of the foot from the heel region to the forefoot region during a step. [Figure 6a] 7a-7c show measurements of the relative displacement of two measurement points at opposite ends of the measurement section shown in FIGS. 7a-7c during a complete step cycle for three different soles. [Figure 6b] 7a-7c show measurements of the relative displacement of two measurement points at opposite ends of the measurement section shown in FIGS. 7a-7c during a complete step cycle for three different soles. [Figure 6c] 7a-7c show measurements of the relative displacement of two measurement points at opposite ends of the measurement section shown in FIGS. 7a-7c during a complete step cycle for three different soles. [Figure 7a] The measurement points used for the measurements in FIGS. 6a to 6c are located at the ends of the measurement sections shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c, respectively. [Figure 7b] The measurement points used for the measurements in FIGS. 6a to 6c are located at the ends of the measurement sections shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c, respectively. [Figure 7c] The measurement points used for the measurements in FIGS. 6a to 6c are located at the ends of the measurement sections shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c, respectively. [Figure 8] 1 shows a comparison of the horizontal shear action applied to three different midsole sole materials when contacting the ground in the lateral heel region. [Figure 9] 1 shows measurements of the shear action in the heel region of different midsole sole materials in the longitudinal direction (AP direction) during a complete step cycle. [Figure 10a]4 shows further measurements of the shear action in the heel region of various midsole materials in the longitudinal (AP) and medial (ML) directions during a complete step cycle. [Figure 10b] 4 shows further measurements of the shear action in the heel region of various midsole materials in the longitudinal (AP) and medial (ML) directions during a complete step cycle. [Figure 10c] 4 shows further measurements of the shear action in the heel region of various midsole materials in the longitudinal (AP) and medial (ML) directions during a complete step cycle. [Figure 10d] 4 shows further measurements of the shear action in the heel region of various midsole materials in the longitudinal (AP) and medial (ML) directions during a complete step cycle. [Figure 11] The average of several measurements of the shear action in the heel region of the sole materials of the different midsoles in the longitudinal direction (AP direction) during the entire step cycle is shown. [Figure 12] The figure shows the average of several measurements of the shear action in the heel area of ​​the sole materials of the different midsoles in the medial-lateral direction (ML direction) during a complete step cycle. [Figure 13a] Illustrates the plantar shear action on various midsole sole materials as the foot pushes off the ground at the end of the step in the forefoot region (see FIG. 13e). [Figure 13b] Illustrates the plantar shear action on various midsole sole materials as the foot pushes off the ground at the end of the step in the forefoot region (see FIG. 13e). [Figure 13c] Illustrates the plantar shear action on various midsole sole materials as the foot pushes off the ground at the end of the step in the forefoot region (see FIG. 13e). [Figure 13d]Illustrates the plantar shear action on various midsole sole materials as the foot pushes off the ground at the end of the step in the forefoot region (see FIG. 13e). [Figure 13e] Illustrates the plantar shear action on various midsole sole materials as the foot pushes off the ground at the end of the step in the forefoot region (see FIG. 13e). [Figure 14a-b] 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a shoe having a sole according to one aspect of the present invention. [Figure 14c] 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a shoe having a sole according to an aspect of the present invention. [Figure 15a-b] 2 shows another preferred embodiment of a shoe having a sole according to an aspect of the present invention. [Figure 15c] 2 shows another preferred embodiment of a shoe having a sole according to an aspect of the present invention. [Figure 16] 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a shoe sole having a midsole and an outsole that selectively influences the shear and bending strength of the midsole. [Figure 17] A particularly preferred embodiment of a shoe sole having a midsole and an outsole for selectively influencing the shear and bending strength of the midsole is shown. [Figure 18] 1A-1C are schematic diagrams of possible embodiments of an outsole for selectively influencing the shear and bending strength of a midsole. [Figure 19] FIG. 2 is a schematic ML-direction cross-section through two embodiments of a midsole comprising first and second plate elements capable of sliding movement relative to one another. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a schematic ML-direction cross-section through two embodiments of a midsole comprising first and second plate elements capable of sliding movement relative to one another. [Figure 21a-b] 1 shows an embodiment of a shoe according to the invention having an embodiment of a sole according to the invention with control elements laser cut from a blank. [Figure 22a]3 shows another currently preferred embodiment of a shoe according to the invention having an embodiment of a shoe sole according to the invention. [Figure 22b] 3 shows another currently preferred embodiment of a shoe according to the invention having an embodiment of a shoe sole according to the invention. [Figure 22c] 3 shows another currently preferred embodiment of a shoe according to the invention having an embodiment of a shoe sole according to the invention. [Fig. 22d] 3 shows another currently preferred embodiment of a shoe according to the invention having an embodiment of a shoe sole according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] In the following detailed description, a presently preferred embodiment of the invention relating to sports shoes is However, it should be emphasized that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The present invention is applicable to, for example, safety shoes, casual shoes, trekking shoes, golf shoes, etc. It can also be used for shoes, winter shoes, or other shoes, as well It can also be used for protective clothing and padding in sportswear and sports equipment. do.

[0032] FIG. 1 shows a sole 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The sole 100 is made up of randomly arranged The cushioning element 110 includes particles of foam material that are selectively influenced by the shear resistance of the cushioning element. and a control element 130.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the cushioning element 110 is a midsole or midsole as shown in FIG. The cushioning elements 110 are randomly arranged as a part of the midsole. In one embodiment, the entire cushioning element 110 is made of foam material. However, various foam materials, or a mixture of several different foam materials, are used here to meet the needs of the cushioning. In another embodiment, the cushioning element 110 may be provided in various partial regions. Only one or more partial regions of the cushioning element 110 consist of foam material, the remainder of the cushioning element 110 being non-foamed. For example, the cushioning element 110 may have a core made of one or more particles of a foam material. The central region may include a foamed area to enhance the stability of the sole shape. The enclosure is surrounded by a frame of suitable foamed and / or non-foamed materials. The combination of these materials produces a cushioning element 110 having the desired cushioning and stability characteristics. It is possible.

[0034] The particles of the foam material may specifically comprise one or more of the following materials: Expanded ethylene vinyl acetate (eEVA), expanded thermoplastic urethane (eTPU), expanded polyvinyl acetate (PP) Polypropylene (ePP), Expanded Polyamide (ePA), Expanded Polyether Block Amide (ePEBA), Expanded Polyoxymethylene (ePOM), Expanded Polystyrene (PS), Expanded polyethylene (ePE), expanded polyoxyethylene (ePOE), expanded ethylene propylene eEPDM. Each of these materials has certain characteristic properties. These properties are then used to manufacture shoe soles according to the profile of requirements for the sole. Specifically, eTPU has excellent cushioning properties, This is true at both low and high temperatures. In addition, eTPU is very elastic and, during compression, For example, almost all of the energy stored when stepping on the ground is absorbed by the foot during the subsequent expansion. On the other hand, EVA is characterized by high strength, and therefore, for example, To enhance the stability of the shape of the cushioning element 110, a region of foam material or the entire cushioning element 110 may be Suitable for building surrounding frames.

[0035] The use of various materials or a mixture of different materials for the manufacture of the cushioning element 110 allows for a variety of It is possible to further provide a cushioning element 110 with regions having different inherent shear resistance. As described herein with respect to the control element 130, this is This significantly increases the design freedom in the construction of the shoe sole 100, thereby This significantly increases the possibility of selectively influencing shear behavior.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the control element 130 is provided as an outsole, as shown in FIG. The control element 130 is preferably provided as a part of the outsole. These include rubber, non-foamed thermoplastic urethanes, textile materials, PEBA, and foams. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the softening agent comprises one or more of a softening agent, a softening agent or a softening agent. The impact element 110 and the control element 130 are made from a common material class of materials, specifically foamed thermal It is made from foamed and / or non-foamed thermoplastic urethane. , for example, as one integral piece in a single mold without the use of further adhesives. The manufacturing process is significantly simplified since the element 110 and the control element 130 can be provided. It will be turned into.

[0037] To selectively affect the shear behavior of the cushioning element 110, the control element may be configured to have various sizes. Several projections 132 of different sizes, hardness, and expansion, and projections of various lengths, thicknesses, and configurations. The grooves 135 have various diameters of openings and recesses 138. By changing the potential of the control element 130, the damping element 110 The effect of the ion exchange reaction on the shear behavior can be selectively controlled.

[0038] 16a-16b show, for example, a first embodiment of a shoe sole 1610 according to the present invention. 600. The sole 1610 includes a cushioning element 1630 provided as a midsole. 16a shows the structure of the suction hole 1610 and the randomly arranged foam particles 1635. 16b shows the loaded state after contact with the ground 1650. 610 further comprises a control element 1620 provided as an outsole, Here, the control element 162 includes a protrusion 1622 and several recesses / indentations 1628. The material of the midsole 1630 is preferably stronger / stiffer than the material of the midsole 1630. For example, The control element 1620 may be a foil onto which protrusions 1622 may be selectively applied. For example, the control element 1620 can be a TPU foil. Then, protrusions 1622 also made of TPU can be applied thereon. A preferred embodiment is where the foil and protrusions are bonded together, e.g., chemically, without the use of an additional bonding agent. In another embodiment, the control element is The element includes other / additional ingredients.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 16b, the material of the control element 1620 is preferably a microporous material, as already mentioned. Since the material of the foot sole 1630 is stiffer / stronger than the material of the foot sole 1630, the protrusions 1622 contact the ground 16 50, it is pressed into the material of the midsole 1630. This causes the area 1660 and and 1670 are formed such that the material of the midsole 1630 is compressed to various degrees. do.

[0040] Specifically, the area 1 where the protrusion 1622 is pressed into the midsole 1630 under load. The material of the midsole of 670 is made of a material that is thicker than the area 1660 where the control element comprises the recess / depression 1628. The resulting differential compression of the midsole material is The stretching capacity of the midsole material in the regions 1660 and 1670 ) and / or shear resistance. For example, the elongation of the midsole material The capacity is smaller in the more compressed region 1670 compared to the less compressed region 1660. In addition, the midsole 1630 is formed on the outsole 1620. This keeps the shoe in place and therefore provides better grip on the ground.

[0041] Therefore, the elongation and / or shear resistance of the midsole 1630 can be adjusted to various Various designs of the control element 1620 with the rise 1622 allow selection in the individual partial regions. It can be selectively promoted or inhibited.

[0042] The protrusions 1622 can be of various designs. For example, the protrusions 1622 can be pointed. It can be round, conical or pyramidal, it can be cylindrical, it can be hemispherical. The control element 1620 can be wave-like, etc. In the midsole material, it acts as a kind of fixed point, which provides the targeted local compression of the midsole material. Here, when the interval between the protrusions 1622 is widened, the interval between the protrusions 1622 is narrowed. For example, the elongation movement of the midsole material can be greater than when the This also allows the shear resistance of the midsole 1630 to be selectively influenced.

[0043] FIG. 17 shows a particularly preferred embodiment 1700 of a sole 1710 according to the invention. The sole 1710 comprises a cushioning element 1730 provided as a midsole, The sole 1710 further comprises: A control element 1720 is provided as an outsole, said control element having several projections 1722 and several recesses / indentations 1728. The material of the control element 1720 is This is preferably stronger / stiffer than the material of the midsole 1730. On the one hand, the symmetrical wave-like design of the control elements ensures that the outflow under load is as described above. This allows the midsole 1730 to be fixed particularly well to the toesole 1720. The grip on the ground is therefore particularly good. Furthermore, the control elements designed in this way 1720 can be introduced into the mold used for production during the manufacturing process without any problems. do.

[0044] FIG. 18 shows control elements 1800a, 1800b, 1800c, and 1800d according to the present invention. 0d, preferably as an outsole or as part of the outsole. The embodiments 1800a, 1800b, 1800c, and 1800d are provided as: Several protrusions 1810 and, for example, recesses that can connect two protrusions together and / or The protrusion 1810 includes a reinforcing protrusion 1820. Here, the protrusion 1810 is, as already discussed above, , can have several different shapes, sizes, heights, etc. The same applies to recesses and and / or reinforcing protrusions 1820. For example, their width / thickness and / or depth / height and the control element 1800a , 1800b, 1800c, and 1800d, respectively. The sole can be adapted according to the requirements of the customer, whereby recesses and / or reinforcements The protrusion 1820 does not necessarily have to be located between the two protrusions 1810, but it is within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, we again explicitly emphasize that it serves as a standalone possibility to design control elements. Specifically, these reinforcing protrusions are located in the medial midfoot area (see 1455). This improves the stability of the sole there and increases the shear strength of the midsole material in that area. and can be advantageously used to reduce the elongation capacity.

[0045] In addition, the control element may, according to another aspect of the invention, include additional functional elements, e.g. A part that is integral with the components such as a joint element and / or a reinforcing element. It can be manufactured as a strip.

[0046] Additionally, the control element may be provided as a complete outsole. In this embodiment, the outsole is made up of several individual independent control elements which may be connected to each other. Have the essence.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the first region, which has a lower shear strength than the second region, is located in the medial midfoot area. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first region is located in the side region of the heel, and the second region is located in the lateral region of the heel. Specifically, the control element 130 includes a stabilizing ridge 135 on the medial edge of the midfoot region. The shoe has several openings with increasing diameters toward the heel and toe. The adjusted shear behavior of the cushioning element 110 advantageously minimizes the risk of injury. Together, they support the runner's natural physiological processes in the runner's locomotion apparatus and help the runner to Improves comfort and efficiency.

[0048] In addition to influencing the shear behavior of the cushioning element 110, the control element may also affect the bending of the cushioning element. For example, the control element 130 may affect the resistance to bending. When the control element 130 is firmly attached to the cushioning element 30, the bending resistance of the control element 130 is The bending resistance of the control element 130 is affected by, for its part, For example, it depends on the design choices of the control element 130 mentioned above. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the bending resistance of the heel and toe area is increased by the reinforcing ridges 1 Lower than the midfoot area which is stabilized by 35.

[0049] In another preferred embodiment, the sole 100 further comprises a separation region 160. In one embodiment, the cushioning element 110 and the control element 130 are not directly connected to each other. In this region, there is no connection between the cushioning element 110 and the control element 130. In an embodiment, the cushioning element 110 and the control element 130 are made of a material having a shear resistance. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the material has a shear strength of For example, one or more of the following materials may be included: eTPU, foam material, or or gel, which causes further shear movement of the cushioning element 110 relative to the control element 130. It is therefore possible to influence the shear behavior of the sole 100 even more. Such separation area 160 is preferably located in the lateral heel area. This is the area where the strongest shock waves occur during running, as will be shown in more detail below. This is because shear force occurs.

[0050] FIG. 19 illustrates a method for manufacturing a foam comprising the steps of: A midsole 190 according to the invention, which can be advantageously combined with other aspects of the invention. 19 shows a medial-lateral cross-section through an embodiment of the midsole 10. The entire midsole 1900 is made of foam material. However, this is not the only reason why the midsole 190 according to the present invention is not made of foam material. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these are specific examples of the midsole 19. Only one or more sub-regions of the foam 1910 may contain particles of foam material. The head sole further comprises a first plate element 1920 and a second plate element 1922 that are slidable relative to each other. The plate elements 1920 and 1930 are arranged in several directions. In a preferred embodiment, two plate elements 19 20 and 1930 are particularly preferably made of midsole 1900 depending on the material of the midsole. 19. In other embodiments, however, the foam material 1910 of the foam 1900 may be used to completely surround the foam 1910. The plate elements 1920 and 1930 are partially supported by the material of the midsole 1900. The object is surrounded only by the target.

[0051] Preferably, the two plate elements 1920 and 1930 are in contact with each other as shown in FIG. The midsole 1900 is disposed in a heel region such that the midsole 1900 is disposed diametrically opposite the In the embodiment, a lubricant or gel is disposed between the two plate elements 1920 and 1930. , thereby counteracting wear of the plate elements 1920, 1930 caused by the sliding movement. This makes sliding easier.

[0052] Due to the sliding movement of the two plate elements 1920 and 1930, such a configuration can be achieved, for example For example, the horizontal shear force acting on the wearer's locomotor system when the wearer steps on the ground is absorbed. This can be achieved, specifically, when the wearer is running / walking fast. In some cases, this prevents wear on the joints and injury to the wearer. To further support the rolling of the foot when stepping, e.g. It can also be placed in 900 different areas.

[0053] In another embodiment (not shown), the two plate elements 1920 and 1930 are In a preferred embodiment, the curvature of the two sliding surfaces is: The two sliding surfaces are selected so that they meet clearly. The degree and orientation of the curvature are appropriately selected. By selecting the second plate element 1930, for example, when stepping on the ground, It is possible to influence the direction in which the sliding movement of the first plate element 1920 relative to the This, in turn, is absorbed by the midsole or transmitted to the wearer, respectively. Affects the transmitted shear force.

[0054] One or more of the embodiments described herein that can slide relative to each other and belong to the present invention. Another preferred embodiment of such plate elements, which can be advantageously combined, is It should be in E10244433B4 and DE10244435B4.

[0055] Regarding the function just described, the material of the midsole 1900 provides a resilient It would be even more advantageous if the sliding movement of the two plate elements 1920 and 1930 were counterbalanced. Preferably, such a restoring force is generated when the two plate elements 1920 and 1930 are joined together. Depending on the material of the dosole 1900, specifically the foam material 1910 of the midsole 1900 The midsole 1900 material is surrounded by two plates in the direction of sliding movement. The first plate element 19 in the region adjacent to the first plate element 1920 and the region adjacent to the first plate element 1930 20 and the second plate element 1930. , specifically, the elastic properties of the foam material 1910 of the midsole 1900. The first plate element 1920 and the second plate element 1930 are connected to each other without the need for complicated mechanisms. A restoring force is created that counteracts the sliding movement of element 1930 .

[0056] FIG. 20 shows a midsole 2000 that includes randomly arranged particles 2010 of a foam material. 1 shows a medial-lateral cross-sectional view of a variation of the embodiment just discussed with respect to the midsole. The roll comprises a plate element 2020 and a second sled-shaped element 2030. The elements 2020, 2030 are capable of sliding movement relative to each other. The design of the sled shape of 30 predetermines the preferred direction of such sliding movement. However, in a preferred embodiment, between the first element 2020 and the second cambered element 2030 There is a gap 2040 that allows the two elements 2030 and 2040 to A small amount of sliding movement relative to the gap is also possible, but not in the preferred direction mentioned above. By adapting the size of the 2030, the extent of these sliding movements that are not in the preferred direction can be eliminated. The area can be individually adapted to the needs and requirements of the sole. The small air gap 2040 makes the two elements 2020 and 2030 almost exclusively preferred. This allows the sole to slide in a more stable direction, improving the stability of the sole. However, a large gap 2040 can promote significant sliding movement in undesirable directions. This allows, for example, for the horizontal shear forces to be better absorbed by the sole when it comes into contact with the ground. It can be absorbed well.

[0057] In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cushioning element 110 further comprises an element 120, e.g. In a preferred embodiment, the grooves are at least partially surrounding the edge or reinforcing element. The element 120 has a higher deformation stiffness than the foam material of the cushioning element 110. 120 serves to further affect the elastic and shear properties of the sole 100. In another embodiment, the element 120, e.g., an element that acts as an optical design, may be and / or an element for receiving an electronic component, and / or an electronic component or any other It may also be a functional element. Element 120 may receive another element, such as an electronic component. In the case where the device functions as a casing, it preferably has a hollow area accessible from the outside. In the embodiment shown, such a cavity may be located, for example, in the region of the recess 140. In a preferred embodiment, element 120 is bonded to cushioning element 110, for example by adhesive bonding. Specifically, the element is a foam material of the cushioning material 110 in a preferred embodiment. Since the cushioning element 110 partially surrounds the element 120, the element 120 does not have a connection to the cushioning element 110. Therefore, the shoe is still manufactured without such a joint for fixing the shoe. In another embodiment, the element 120 may be made of, for example, For example, the control element 130 may be connected / bonded to the control element 130 in individual regions by bonding, e.g., adhesive bonding. or may be provided as one integral piece.

[0058] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the sole 100 further comprises a heel clip 150. Preferably, the heel clip 150 includes an outer finger portion and an inner finger portion. The finger portions are independent of each other and surround the lateral and medial sides of the heel. At the same time, the foot can be comfortably supported on the sole 100 without excessively restricting the space for foot movement. In another preferred embodiment, the heel clip 150 further , a recess in the area of ​​the Achilles tendon. This prevents the ankle from rubbing or rubbing against the Achilles tendon in the area above the heel. In an embodiment, the heel clip 150 further comprises a control element 130 and / or an element 120. They may be bonded together, for example by a bonding agent, or may be attached together as one integral piece. It can also be installed together with.

[0059] Figure 2 shows the different materials used to measure the elasticity and shear properties of the sole. Four different shoes 200, 220, 240, and 260 are shown. The key measurement results are summarized in Figures 3 to 9 below.

[0060] The shoe 200 may be, for example, a shoe according to DE10244433B4 and DE10244435B 4, the upper 205 as well as the shoe sole 210 and the sliding element These shoes have a 212.

[0061] The shoe 220 includes an upper 225 and a midsole 230 made of eTPU. The midsole 230 is surrounded by a frame made of EVA. Density 0.2g / cm 3 Compression molding 020 55C CMEVA with Asker C hardness 55 It is possible.

[0062] The shoe 240 includes an upper 245 and an EVA midsole 250 .

[0063] In addition, the shoe 260 has an upper 265 and an eTPU midsole 270. Prepare.

[0064] Figures 3a, 3b, and 4 show the eTPU (shoe 260) and EVA (shoe 261) shoes. 2 shows the vertical (i.e., foot-to-ground) compression of the sole of a shoe (Zease 240).

[0065] With respect to the measurement of these and other discussed properties of various materials and sole designs, each measurement For each step, a number of steps (over 100) called "stages" are performed during one step cycle. ) photographs were taken. These were numbered consecutively starting from 1. Thus, for each measurement, There is a one-to-one correspondence between the shadow number or "stage" and the time of shooting within each step. However, there may be a certain time offset between different measurements for each stage. That is, stages with the same number from various measurements do not necessarily correspond to each measurement. Note that the time periods in the steps may not necessarily correspond to the same points in time during the steps that are measured at regular intervals.

[0066] Photographs 300a and 300b of FIGS. 3a and 3b show a foot during heel contact with the ground. Figures 3a and 3b show the respective mid-soles compared to the unloaded state of the soles. The compression of the sole area in percentage. As expected, the forefoot is compressed while the heel is in contact with the ground. No compression occurs in the buttocks area (see 320a, 320b). However, there is a noticeable compression in the heel area. A significant compression is evident in the eTPU sole (see 310a). According to the study, eTPU yields much more aggressively than EVA under vertical load. In turn, the energy stored during the compression of the eTPU sole is essentially transferred to the runner during the step. This significantly improves running efficiency.

[0067] This can also be seen in Figure 4. On the horizontal axis, the number of each stage, i.e. the time, is shown. On the vertical axis, the vertical compression of the midsole is shown. eTPU sole 2 The measurements 410 for the 70 are shown as well as the measurements 420 for the EVA sole 250. At maximum vertical load, the EVA midsole 250 is only pushed down by about 1.3 mm. The eTPU midsole 270 can be pushed down by about 4.3 mm. Generally speaking, the vertical compression ratio for eTPU is 2:1 to 3:1 compared to EVA. :1, and in some embodiments even greater than this.

[0068] Figures 5a and 5b show the eTPU midsole 2 at the moment when the heel contacts the ground. 70 (measurement 500a) and in the outer sidewall of the EVA midsole 250 (measurement 500b) The graph shows the localized material elongation of the midsole material compared to the unloaded state of the sole. In addition to showing the percent elongation of the material compared to the unloaded sole condition, Figure 5a and Photographs in Fig. 5b and 5c also show the direction of material elongation in the form of elongation vectors. , the eTPU midsole 270 has more significant material elongation than the EVA midsole 250. This is because the shear strength of eTPU is higher than that of EVA. Therefore, eTPU acts as a cushioning agent to absorb shear forces during running. In the examples discussed herein, the elongation of the material in the case of eTPU is The elongation of the eTPU material is 2-3 times greater than that of EVA. More precisely, the elongation of the eTPU material is on average The elongation is 6-7%, with the maximum elongation being 8-9%, and the elongation of the EVA material is an average of 2% The maximum elongation is 3-4%.

[0069] In addition, measurements showed that the eTPU midsole 270 and the EVA midsole 250 The stretch of material on the lateral sidewall follows the natural shape of the metatarsal arch while running. It is clear that the shoe follows the rolling movement of the foot. This is advantageous in terms of comfort when worn and how well the shoe fits on the foot.

[0070] 6a to 6c show measurement sections 710a, 710b, and 710c shown in FIGS. Measured relative offset between two measurement points located at opposite ends of c 610a, 610b, and 610c are shown in millimeters. 610c, 611a, and 611b each include a complete step cycle. The shoes used for the measurements are shown in the starting position.

[0071] As shown in Fig. 6a and Fig. 7a, the The shoe 200 has a shoe sole 210 and a sliding element 212 as shown in FIG. The measurement results and measurement points are shown.

[0072] 6b and 7b show a shoe having an eTPU midsole 230 and an EVA rim. The measurement results and measurement points for size 200 are shown.

[0073] 6c and 7c show the measurement results and the measurement Indicates the point.

[0074] The shoe 200 has an eTPU sole with a sliding element 212 and an EVA rim 230. This allows the offset between the two measurement points to be significantly larger than that of the EVA midsole 250. This is clearly evident. The shear strength of the steel is good, and therefore the absorbing ability of the shear force occurring during running is good. This means that the shoe 220, which has a simple structure, has a maximum offset of 2.5 mm. values ​​are possible (see FIG. 6b), and for the shoe 200 with the sliding element 212, the offset Note that values ​​up to about 2 mm are only possible (see Figure 6a). In contrast, EVA The shoe 240 having the midsole 250 has a maximum offset value of only about 0.5 mm. This is not possible (see Figure 6c).

[0075] 8a-8c show a shoe 200 (measurement 800a) having a sliding element 212, an EVA A shoe 220 (measurement 800b) with an eTPU midsole having a rim 230; and the shear behavior of the shoe 240 (measurement 800c) with the EVA midsole 250 Another measurement is the local offset of the sole material at the moment the heel contacts the ground. The figures are shown in comparison with the condition without the

[0076] A shoe 200 having a sliding element 212 and an eTPU mid-mounted shoe having an EVA rim 230. The shoe 220 with the sole is a shoe 240 having an EVA midsole 250. It is clearly evident that the shear capacity is substantially higher in the heel region than in the

[0077] FIG. 9 also shows the longitudinal direction during a complete step cycle for four different shoes. 4 shows the results of measuring the shear strength of the midsole material in the AP direction.

[0078] Curve 910 also shows a maximum shear of approximately 2 mm when the heel contacts the ground. The measurement results of FIG. 6a for the shoe 200 having the sliding element 212 are shown. Curve 930 , also with an EVA rim 2, with a maximum shear of about 2.5 mm while the heel is in contact with the ground. The measurement results of FIG. 6b for the shoe 220 with the eTPU midsole 30 Curve 940 also shows that the maximum shear during heel strike is approximately 0. The measurements in FIG. 6c for a shoe 240 having an EVA midsole 250 of 0.5 mm. Finally, curve 920 shows that the maximum shear during heel contact occurs at approximately The same procedure is carried out for a shoe 260 having an eTPU midsole 270 that is 1.8 mm. The results of measurements performed by the method are shown.

[0079] Thus, the shoe 260 having an eTPU midsole 270 and, in particular, the EVA The shoe 220 with the eTPU midsole having the rim 230 has very good shock absorption. It has been found that it has high shear strength and is therefore very suitable for the construction of midsoles. It can be recognized.

[0080] 10 to 13 show further measurements of the shear resistance of various sole designs.

[0081] 10a to 10d show the measured changes in length of the measurement sections. , which is arranged longitudinally (AP direction) in the heel region of the sole during the step cycle; The other is arranged in the medial-lateral direction (ML direction). These changes in length are Provides information on the shear strength of structures.

[0082] FIG. 10a shows a shoe with no outsole, such as shoe 240, but with an EVA midsole. The change in length 1010a of the measurement section 1015a extending in the AP direction for a shoe having The measurement shows the change in length 1020a of the measurement section 1025a extending in the ML direction. The maximum length change was approximately 1.2 mm in the AP direction and approximately 0.3 mm in the ML direction. vinegar.

[0083] FIG. 10b shows a shoe without an outsole, such as shoe 260, but with an eTPU midsole. The length 1010b of the measurement section 1015b extending in the AP direction for a shoe having a The change in the length 1020b of the measurement section 1025b extending in the ML direction is shown. The maximum length change was approximately 3.5 mm in the AP direction and approximately 1.5 mm in the ML direction. show.

[0084] FIG. 10c shows a schematic diagram of a shoe having a sliding element, such as shoe 200. The change in length 1010c of the measurement section 1015c in the P direction and the change in length 1010c of the measurement section 1015c extending in the ML direction The change in length of 1020c is shown in Fig. 25c. The measurements show that the maximum change in length is about 3. 2 mm in the ML direction and approximately 0.7 mm in the ML direction.

[0085] FIG. 10d shows a midsole including eTPU and a control provided as an outsole. A preferred embodiment of the shoe 1400 according to Figs. 1 and 14a-14c with an element 1450 For the preferred embodiment (see below), the length 1010 of the measurement section 1015d extending in the AP direction is d and the change in the length 1020d of the measurement section 1025d extending in the ML direction. The maximum length change in the AP direction was approximately 3.4 mm, and the negative length change in the ML direction was approximately 0 Specifically, the negative length in the ML direction indicates that the The stability of the shoe is very good and the influence of the medial reinforcement 1455 of the control element 1450 It means that it reflects.

[0086] 11 and 12 show a series of measurements taken similar to those shown in Figs. 10a to 10d. The average values ​​are shown.

[0087] FIG. 11 shows a shoe with a sliding element, such as shoe 200 (see curve 1110). (Curve 1) and a shoe with an eTPU midsole, such as shoe 260 (Curve 2). 120) and shoes with EVA midsoles, such as shoe 240 ( 14a to 14c (see curve 1140) and the shoe 1400 according to FIG. ) is the average change in the length of the measurement section extending in the AP direction during a complete step cycle. show.

[0088] FIG. 12 shows a shoe with a sliding element, such as shoe 200 (see curve 1210). (Curve 1) and a shoe with an eTPU midsole, such as shoe 260 (Curve 2). 220) and shoes with EVA midsoles, such as shoe 240 ( 14a to 14c (see curve 1240) and the shoe 1400 according to FIG. ) is the average change in the length of the measurement section extending in the ML direction during a complete step cycle. show.

[0089] As can be gathered from Figs. 11 and 12, a shoe 14 according to a particularly preferred embodiment 00 had a maximum length change of more than 3 mm in the AP direction, and was the same for all four tested shoes. At the same time, the shoe 1400 has the best shear strength among the types of shoes as can be seen from FIG. The ML direction shows sufficient stability so that the shear force is mainly in the AP direction during running. When this occurs, bending / slipping of the foot in the ML direction should be avoided as much as possible. The combination of properties of the shoe is particularly advantageous.

[0090] In another preferred embodiment, the cushioning element causes the lower sole surface to be in contact with the upper sole surface. AP shear motion of more than 1 mm, preferably more than 1.5 mm, particularly preferably more than 2 mm By choosing between different values ​​of the shear strength of the cushioning elements, It is possible to individually adapt the rules to the needs and physiological conditions of the runner. The values ​​discussed here are to be taken from the relevant They serve only as guidelines to the manufacturer. In individual cases, these values ​​should ideally be: It must be specifically adapted to the wearer's wants and needs.

[0091] 13a to 13d, the foot pushes against the ground via the forefoot as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 13e. Comparison of the different shoe sole materials at the moment of release and release compared to the state without load on the shoe. The elongation is shown in percentage. Figures 13a to 13d further show the direction of elongation of the material locally. FIG. 13a shows the stretch vectors for a shoe 240 having an EVA midsole. FIG. 13b shows a measurement 1300a of a shoe 26 with an eTPU midsole. 13c shows a measurement 1300b for a sliding element such as shoe 200. FIG. 13d shows measurements 1300c for a shoe with eTPU. 1 and 2, with a control element 1450 provided as an undersole and an outsole. Measurements 1300 for a preferred embodiment of the shoe 1400 according to Figs. 14a-14c d (see below).

[0092] As can be clearly seen from the figure, this foot / shoe position (i.e. the foot on the forefoot area) As the shoe pushes off the ground, the material of the shoes 240 and 260 The main loads and deformations are localized in the center of the forefoot region (see Figures 13a and 13b). (See Fig. 1) (In other foot positions, the main loads and deformations can also be observed in the heel area). However, in the case of shoes with sliding elements and shoes 1400, the material stretches outward. In FIG. 13d, specifically, the opening 1452, the protrusion 145 8, and the structure of the outsole 1450 having the projections 1459. In particular, FIG. 14 shows that almost all of the elongation vectors in the forefoot region extend parallel to the AP direction. That is, the material elongates almost exclusively in the AP direction, while the ML direction shows good stability. This is desirable for dynamic foot release without losing stability. ML Insufficient directional sole stability, especially at high running speeds and e.g. On curves or uneven terrain, the foot may slip or bend sideways, creating a dangerous condition.

[0093] The control element 1450, for example in the form of an outsole, may be configured to provide a specific shear behavior and / or The elongation behavior or specific stability contributes to forming predefined zones where required. The design of the control element 1450 can be adapted to the requirements of each sport. For example, sports with sideways motions require different requirements regarding the shear behavior and stability of the sole. Therefore, the control element 1450 and the sole concept can be adapted for a specific sport. They can be individually designed, for example for (indoor) football, basketball, or Provides optimal critical shear zone and stability for sports such as running In many applications, for example, such favorable conditions can be determined and individually adapted. Preferred shear and / or stretch zones are located under the big toe and in the heel area. Furthermore, the inventive aspects described herein provide a walking experience similar to that of walking barefoot. Soles can be manufactured that ideally mimic the rolling of the foot.

[0094] 14a to 14c show a shoe 1 having a cushioning element 1410 and a control element 1450. 400 shows a preferred embodiment of the cushioning element as part of the midsole. The foam material particles are randomly arranged in the midsole or as a midsole. The control element 1450 may be disposed as part of the outsole or as part of the outsole. a midsole 1 in the medial region of the midfoot compared to the lateral region of the heel; 410. Furthermore, the shoe shown in FIG. 14a to FIG. 1420. In a preferred embodiment, the shoe 1400 further comprises the same components as those shown in FIG. As already discussed above in relation to the embodiment, the heel clip 1430 and the attached Additional torsion or stiffening elements 1440 are provided.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the control element 1450 provided as an outsole is made of a foam material. The control element is not made of rubber, thermoplastic urethane, textile material, PEBA, or are made from foil and foil-like materials, or combinations of such materials. As already mentioned above, the control element 1450 and the buffer element 1452 are particularly preferably made of It is further advantageous if the elements 1410 are manufactured from materials from a common class of materials. Additionally, the control element 1450 preferably has several openings 1452 of various sizes. , a protuberance 1455 in the medial region of the midfoot and several protuberances 1458 and projections 14 59. These elements are determined by the flexibility and It acts to affect the stiffness characteristics of the sole, specifically the midsole. This affects the shear strength and bending stiffness of the cable 1410. In the example, the control element 1450 is provided as part of the outsole, so that the projection 1459 And the protrusions 1458 can further increase grip on the ground.

[0096] A ridge 1455 in the medial region of the midfoot as well as several openings 145 of varying diameters 14a to 14c, which show a preferred embodiment having a 2-layer structure, particularly in the heel area, This allows for good shear resistance in the lateral heel area as well as good stability in the medial midfoot area. As we have already mentioned several times, this combination of characteristics is what makes running shoes so great. However, other combinations of properties are possible and are particularly advantageous for use in the present invention. The design options and embodiments presented herein allow one of ordinary skill in the art to design a shoe with desired characteristics. It becomes possible to manufacture.

[0097] 15a-15c show another preferred embodiment of a shoe 1500 according to one aspect of the present invention. The shoe 1500 may be used as a part of the midsole or as a midsole. The midsole is provided with a cushioning element 1510, and is made of randomly arranged foamed material particles. Further, the shoe 1500 includes a part of the outsole, such as an eTPU. or a control element 1540 provided as an outsole, the outsole being already As discussed above, the shear strength and bending stiffness of the cushioning element 1510 can be selectively influenced. The shoe further includes an upper 1520 and a heel clip 153. Equipped with 0.

[0098] 21a-b show another preferred embodiment of a shoe 2100 according to the present invention. The shoe 2100 includes a sole, the sole being made of randomly arranged particles of foam material. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cushioning element 2111 includes a cushioning element 2110. 0 is provided as the midsole 2110. However, it may be, for example, simply a part thereof.

[0099] The shoe 2100 further comprises an upper 2120. The upper 2120 may be made of various materials. The upper 2120 can be made from various materials by various manufacturing methods. may be warp knitted, weft knitted, woven, or braided and may contain natural or synthetic materials. and may include fibers or yarns, multi-layered materials, composite materials, etc. It seems that.

[0100] The sole of the shoe 2100 is further provided, in this case as an outsole 2150. In other cases, it may simply be a part of the outsole. The control element 2150 may be a part of the midsole. Suitable materials for the control element / outsole 2150 include rubber, non-foamed thermoplastic urethane, Includes polyurethanes, textile materials, PEBA, and foil and foil-like materials. can be done.

[0101] The control element 2150 slows the shear movement in the second region of the cushioning element 2110. The shear motion in the first region of the impact element 2110 is reduced. The reduction in shear can be achieved, for example, by The control element 2150 occurs in regions 2160, 2165 that contain a continuous region of material. A "web of material" 2170 interspersed with holes 2152, 2155, 2158 in the control element 2150; It may also occur in the area of ​​2175. In the area of ​​these holes 2152, 2155, 2158 For example, shear motion may be relatively increased.

[0102] The inventive concept of controlling the shear movement of the cushioning element as described in this document Taking into account the description of the continuous material regions (such as regions 2160, 2165), The material webs (such as web 2170) and holes (such as holes 2152, 2155, and 2158) By selecting various designs and configurations of the sintered body, the shear characteristics and other properties, e.g. For example, the bending stiffness, torsional stiffness or overall damping of the midsole 2110 of the shoe 2100 It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the behavior of can be influenced in a number of ways, as desired. As we have already seen, such influences are influenced by even more control factors. Fine tuning can be achieved by optionally including as many as 50 ridges, protrusions, and projections.

[0103] In this case, the control element 2150 is laser cut from a blank (not shown). The control element 2150 is attached to the remainder of the sole of the shoe 2100, specifically to the midsole. This can be done before fastening to the ball 2110, and preferably at least in large part automatically. In principle, however, the blank can be, for example, first placed on the midsole 2110. Then the blank is cut and finally the cut-out portion of the blank is removed. For this purpose, a bonding agent can be applied between the midsole 2110 and the blank. The binder in this case does not completely harden immediately, but it is still necessary to prepare the blank for cutting. Adhesion sufficient to secure the For cutting, the blank is oriented in a manner that allows for three-dimensional positioning within the cutting apparatus. The shoe 2100 containing the adhesive can be placed, for example, on a shoe former. It is still possible to remove the cut out piece of the blank as it has not yet hardened completely. After this, the bonding agent may be left to cure completely, or it may be heated, cooled, energized, or Or it may be facilitated by other means.

[0104] In its simplest form, the blank may be, for example, the control element / outsole mentioned above. It may be provided as a layer of material comprising one or more of the materials suitable for manufacturing. For example, a laser cutting process can already provide a basic pattern that can be fine-tuned. Blanks having defined holes, ridges, protrusions, projections, etc. are provided in various sizes and thicknesses. These basic patterns can be, for example, those that occur during a particular sporting activity. For example, the blanks can be adapted to the specific movement patterns of the various sports. The material may also be used to manufacture shoes 2100 for sports activities. For shoes, tennis shoes, basketball shoes, football shoes, etc. Such an approach allows for the rapid pre-production of large quantities of blanks, This has the advantage that individual customization can be performed more efficiently and quickly when For this purpose, the blank already has the outline of the foot or sole. This is also fine.

[0105] This is particularly true for customization by laser cutting, for example, because cutting equipment and manufacturing This is done in sales areas where there is limited space for the equipment, concession stands at sporting events, etc. This can be particularly important when

[0106] Laser cutting the control element 2150 allows for greater freedom in the design of the control element 2150. As already mentioned, the control element 2150, the sole and the shoe 21 00 individual customization opportunities. For example, each sole or shoe The 2100's numerous fashion designs and corresponding personalization are possible. Such customization can be sport specific or based on the customer's typical Laser cutting is mostly done by can be automated, for example based on online tools or other management methods. It is possible.

[0107] Although laser cutting has been mentioned throughout the description of Figures 21a-21b, other techniques may be used. In principle other processes are also possible. Examples are CNC cutting, punching and water jet machining. be.

[0108] Finally, in Figs. 22a to 22d, shoes 2200a, 2200b, 2200c according to the invention are shown. 00c, and 2200d are alternative presently preferred embodiments.

[0109] The main purpose of Figs. 22a-22d is to inform a person skilled in the art of the scope of the present invention and other possible embodiments. Therefore, the embodiments 2200a, 2200b, 2200c, 200c, and 2200d are only briefly discussed. Regarding the above, the shoe, sole, midsole, and cushioning material according to the present invention described above are Description of the embodiments of the impact element and the control element, specifically embodiments 100, 1400, 15 00, 1600, 1700, 1800a-1800d, 1900, 2000, and 21 00. The particulars, choices, and features discussed in connection with those embodiments may be used interchangeably. To the extent possible, the same also applies to embodiments 2200a, 2200b, 2200c, and 2200d. Use.

[0110] Shoes 2200a, 2200b, 2200c, and 2200d are randomly distributed. Each of the cushioning elements 2210a, 2210b, 2210c includes particles of foam material disposed thereon, and The shoes 2200a and 2200b have soles with cushioning elements 2210d. 210a and 2210b extend only across the forefoot region, while shoes 2200c and The cushioning elements 2210c and 2210d of the shoes 2200c, 2200 The cushioning elements 2210a, 2210b, 221d shown here extend across the entire sole of the 0c and 2210d are provided as a part of each midsole. , other arrangements of the cushioning elements are also contemplated.

[0111] The soles of shoes 2200a, 2200b, 2200c, and 2200d are In addition, the control elements 2250a, 2250b, 2250c, and and 2250d. 0d are the respective buffer elements 2210a, 2210b, 2210c, and 2210d. Compared to the shear motion in the second region, each of the cushioning elements 2210a, 2210b, 2210c, and and 2210d. a, 2200b, 2200c, and 2200d, the control elements 2250a, 2250b , 2250c, and 2250d are provided as part of the respective outsoles. .

[0112] The control elements 2250a, 2250b, 2250c, and 2250d further Selectively increasing the bending resistance of elements 2210a, 2210b, 2210c, and 2210d They can work for the purpose of making people do so.

[0113] The shear movement of each of the cushioning elements 2210a, 2210b, 2210c, 2210d or the sole To affect the dynamic and bending stiffness, control elements 2250a, 2250b, 2250 The 2250C and 2250D have several holes with various arrangements, shapes, sizes, sole areas, etc. or openings 2252a, 2252b, 2252c, 2252d. 0a, 2250b, 2250c, and 2250d are further described as "webs" or material meshes. The individual openings 2252a, 2258b, 2258c, and 2258d are Prepared between 52b, 2252c, and 2252d.

[0114] The openings 2252a, 2252b, 2252c and the material meshes 2258a, 2258 b, 2258c are diamond in the embodiments 2200a, 2200b and 2200c The opening 2252d and material mesh 2258d are generally parallelogram shaped. However, as has been discussed and illustrated several times throughout this literature, Other configurations are possible in the heel region of the shoe 2200d. a, 2250b, 2250c, and 2250d may have other projections, protrusions, etc. For example, as shown in FIG. 22a, the control element 2250a may have several protrusions 225 Equipped with 9a.

[0115] Diamond or parallelogram shaped openings 2252a, 2252b, 2252c, 22 52d and multiple iterations of material meshes 2258a, 2258b, 2258c, and 2258d. The repeating configuration is specifically a one or two-pronged configuration along which the sole can primarily shear or flex. The precise pattern and orientation of the holes and areas of material can be achieved. and their placement to fit a given requirement profile for a particular sole or shoe. The preferred direction of the can be adjusted.

[0116] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, an alternative embodiment is described below. EXAMPLES

[0117] 1 a. A cushioning element including randomly arranged particles of a foam material; b. A shoe with a control element that does not use foam material, especially a sports shoe A sole for a pair of shoes, c. The control element reduces the shear motion in the first region of the cushioning element compared to the shear motion in the second region of the cushioning element. 4. The shear motion in the region of Sole.

[0118] 2 The particles of the foam material are foamed ethylene vinyl acetate, foamed thermoplastic urethane, foamed polypropylene, etc. Pyrene, foamed polyamide, foamed polyether block amide, foamed polyoxymethylene, Expanded polystyrene, expanded polyethylene, expanded polyoxyethylene, expanded ethylene propylene The sole of example 1, further comprising one or more of the diene monomers.

[0119] 3 The control element is made of rubber, thermoplastic urethane, textile material, polyether block a The method according to any one of the preceding claims, including one or more of a mide, foil or foil-like material. The sole described in one of the above 2.

[0120] 4. The specific shear resistance of the first region of the cushioning element is higher than that of the second region of the cushioning element. 4. The sole according to claim 1, wherein the sole is a sling.

[0121] 5. The control element has a second control region that controls the shear motion of the cushioning element in the second region. In addition, the thickness is adjusted in the first control region to control the shear motion of the cushioning element in the first region. 5. The sole according to one of the preceding embodiments 1 to 4, having larger and / or fewer holes.

[0122] 6. The method according to any one of the preceding embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the cushioning element is provided as part of the midsole. The sole is mounted.

[0123] 7. Sole according to example 6, wherein the control element is provided as part of the outsole.

[0124] 8. The outsole is not directly attached to the second area of ​​the cushioning element of the midsole The sole of example 7, comprising a separation region.

[0125] 9 The control elements and the cushioning elements are made from a common class of materials, specifically thermoplastic urethanes. The sole according to any one of the preceding embodiments 1 to 8,

[0126] 10 A front shoe having a first region located in a medial midfoot region and a second region located in a lateral heel region. A sole according to one of the preceding examples 1 to 9.

[0127] 11 The control element further comprises: a first region of the cushioning element having a bending resistance greater than a second region of the cushioning element; The sole according to any one of the preceding embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the sole is augmented by the addition of a tensile strength component.

[0128] 12 A non-foamed material, specifically ethylene acetate, surrounding at least a portion of the cushioning element. The method according to any one of Examples 1 to 11, further comprising a frame made of vinyl acetate. Sole.

[0129] 13 The cushioning element ensures that the lower sole surface is more than 1 mm higher than the upper sole surface, preferably The above embodiment allows longitudinal shear movements of more than 1.5 mm, particularly preferably more than 2 mm. The sole according to one of Examples 1 to 12.

[0130] 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the control element is laser cut from a blank. Sole.

[0131] 15 A shoe, in particular a sports shoe, equipped with a sole according to one of the preceding embodiments 1 to 14. ese. [Explanation of symbols]

[0132] 100 soles 110 Buffer element 120 elements, torsion elements, reinforcing elements 130 Control Elements 132 Protrusion 135 Protrusion, protrusion 138 Openings, recesses 140 Recess 150 Heel Clip 160 Separation area 1635 Foam material particles 1735 Foam material particles 1910 Foam material particles 2010 Foam material particles

Claims

1. A midsole containing randomly arranged particles of foam material; The outsole and Heel clip and A sole for a shoe, comprising: the heel clip includes lateral and medial finger portions, the lateral and medial finger portions being independent of one another and encircling the lateral and medial sides of the heel; The heel clip includes a recess that recesses downwardly in the area of ​​the Achilles tendon.

2. a control element is provided as part of the outsole, the control element being free of the foam material; The sole according to claim 1 , wherein the heel clip is connected to the control element or is provided together with the control element as one integral piece.

3. the control element reduces shear motion in a first region of the midsole relative to shear motion in a second region of the midsole; The sole according to claim 2 , wherein the first region is located in a medial region of the midfoot and the second region is located in a lateral region of the heel.

4. the midsole comprises a first plate element (1920) and a second plate element (1930), the first and second plate elements sliding relative to each other; Sole according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second plate elements are completely or partly surrounded by the particles.

5. The sole of claim 4 , wherein the first and second plate elements are disposed in a heel region of the midsole.

6. The sole according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a lubricant or gel is provided between the first plate element and the second plate element.

7. The sole according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the sliding movement of the first and second plate elements absorbs or reduces horizontal shear forces acting on the locomotor system of a wearer of a shoe having the sole when the wearer steps on the ground.

8. The sole according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the first and second plate elements each comprise a curved sliding surface, the curvature of each of the curved sliding surfaces being selected such that the curved sliding surfaces match.

9. The sole according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the foam material is selected from the group consisting of expanded ethylene vinyl acetate, expanded thermoplastic urethane, expanded polypropylene, expanded polyamide, expanded polyether block amide, expanded polyoxymethylene, expanded polystyrene, expanded polyethylene, expanded polyoxyethylene, expanded ethylene propylene diene monomer, and combinations thereof.

10. the outsole reduces shear motion in a first region of the midsole relative to shear motion in a second region of the midsole; The sole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outsole is provided with a plurality of protrusions at positions corresponding to the first region, the protrusions acting as fixing points enabling localized compression of the midsole.

11. A shoe comprising the sole according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images