Three-dimensional structure

Abstract

To provide a three-dimensional solid structure formed by shaping a board in a shape capable of improving the stability to a load of the standing board from the general viewpoint of a surface shape, by imparting a non-uniform shape to the whole surface of the board on the basis of a flat board.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional solid structure is composed of at least one piece of board (10). At least a bottom end (10a) of the board (10) is shaped in a shape unlike a lower edge base line (D-BL) extending straight and in a shape unlike a top end (10b) of the board (10) at a bottom end of a flat board serving as a reference. By the partial shaping of the bottom end (10a), the whole surface of the board (10) is made in a non-uniform three-dimensional shape.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure, and more particularly to a structure that can be used as a partition, lighting fixture, furniture, etc. that is convenient to place on a table. [Background technology]

[0002] It is recommended to install splash prevention panels on tables as a measure against coronavirus. Most commercially available splash prevention panels are mainly composed of a flat transparent acrylic board with a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, and this hard acrylic board is installed on the table in an upright position and / or a base member is used as a jig to prevent it from falling over. The base member is, for example, composed of an elongated member having a slit to receive the lower end of the flat acrylic board, and the bottom surface of this elongated member is composed of a flat surface to be stably seated on the table.

[0003] The splash prevention panel disclosed in Patent Document 1 is composed of a transparent hard board that is rectangular when viewed from the front, and the hard board is formed into a shape that is equally curved in the width direction from the lower end to the upper end. In this way, the hard board that is shaped into a uniformly curved shape over the entire surface has microphones on both sides of the upper part and speakers on both sides of the lower part in the middle part in the width direction. This splash prevention panel is installed at the cash register of a store, and the clerk and the customer can talk through the microphone and speaker with the splash prevention panel in between.

[0004] Patent Document 2 discloses a tabletop screen to be placed on a table. This tabletop screen is made of a hard board whose entire surface is curved in cross section, i.e., curved in the width direction, and this hard board has an inverted U-shape when viewed from the front, i.e., both ends of the upper end portion are rounded. The tabletop screen disclosed in Patent Document 2 is an opaque screen, as it is not specified as being particularly transparent.

[0005] Patent Document 3 discloses a booth panel that surrounds the work area of ​​a work table. The booth panel has a plate-shaped front member that stands in front of the user and left and right side members that are located on both sides of the work area. This booth panel can be said to be a type of partition because it is a member that divides the work area of ​​the work table.

[0006] Patent Document 4 discloses a partition that can be easily installed on a table when needed. This partition is composed of a foldable plate-like member. Specifically, the plate member has a total of three hinge lines that divide it into four regions in the width direction, and the partition can be bent at these three hinge lines. The left and right regions are located on the left and right sides in front of the user, and for example, the left region can be bent toward the front and the right region can be bent toward the back, allowing the partition to be installed independently on the table. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Design Registration No. 1676124 [Patent Document 2] Design Registration No. 1643404 [Patent Document 3] JP 2017-213265 A [Patent Document 4] Utility Model Registration No. 3229360 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In the course of developing the splash prevention panel, the inventors realized that the boards constituting the conventional splash prevention panel have a flat overall shape or a curved cross section, and that the standing boards have limited stability against external loads. As a result of thinking based on a flat board, the inventors came up with the present invention.

[0009] The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional structure in which a flat board is used as a reference and a non-uniform shape is given to the entire surface of the board, so that the stability of the upright board against the load can be improved from the viewpoint of the overall surface shape. The present invention is also applicable to materials that express interesting shapes from the viewpoint of the overall surface shape, and interesting designs by shining light on them. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to splash prevention panels, but can be applied to partitions (typically partitions installed on tables), lighting fixtures, and furniture. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The above technical problem is basically solved according to the present invention by: It consists of at least one board, At least the lower end of the board is shaped to a shape different from a lower end reference line that extends straight at the lower end of a reference flat board and a shape different from the upper end of the board; The entire surface of the board is made to have a non-uniform three-dimensional shape by the local shaping of the lower end. And, The shaping to make the shape different from the bottom reference line is performed by processing a flat board in advance. The object is achieved by providing a three-dimensional structure characterized by the above.

[0011] Further details of the present invention and other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example board constituting a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the board having a shaped lower end portion. [Diagram 2] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another board constituting a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the board having a shaped lower end portion. [Diagram 3] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another board constituting a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the board having a shaped lower end portion. [Figure 4]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a board that constitutes a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and has shaped lower and upper ends. [Diagram 5] 13 is a perspective view of another example of a board that constitutes a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and has shaped lower and upper ends. FIG. [Figure 6] 1 is a perspective view of another example of a board that constitutes a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and has shaped lower and upper ends. FIG. [Figure 7] 13 is a perspective view of yet another example of a board that constitutes a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and has shaped lower and upper ends. FIG. [Figure 8] 13 is a perspective view of yet another example of a board that constitutes a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention and has shaped lower and upper ends. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, which is a structure in which two boards with curved lower ends are arranged facing each other, with each board having a curved shape bulging inward. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, which is a structure in which two boards with curved lower ends are arranged facing each other, with each board having a curved shape bulging inward. [Figure 11] This is a diagram for explaining one specific example of the three-dimensional structure shown in Figure 10, and is a diagram for explaining an example in which a molded artificial marble is placed between two boards and rotated to function as a shaping member that imparts a curved shape to the lower ends of the two boards. [Figure 12] 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining the function of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 10, in which (I) shows a state in which the lower ends of the two boards are curved significantly, and (II) shows a state in which the lower ends of the two boards are curved less significantly. [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment in which a plurality of boards are arranged side by side and the upper and lower ends of two adjacent boards are connected to each other. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an enlarged view of a structure for connecting adjacent boards of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 13. [Figure 15]FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a three-dimensional structure in which a plurality of boards are arranged side by side, in which a truss element is formed in the boundary region between two adjacent boards, and a gap is also formed. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a three-dimensional structure in which multiple boards are arranged side by side, the three-dimensional structure being equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the width of the three-dimensional structure by adjusting the amount of overlap between two adjacent boards. [Figure 17] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a three-dimensional structure in which multiple boards are arranged side by side, the three-dimensional structure having a structure in which horizontal slits are provided on the side edges of two adjacent boards and the horizontal slits are fitted together to fix the two adjacent boards to each other. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is an exploded perspective view of a jig or base constituting a part of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 17, showing a jig or base made of artificial marble. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the jig or base shown in FIG. 18 turned upside down. [Figure 20] 18 is a diagram for illustratively explaining that a lighting lamp may be installed on a jig or a base by utilizing the jig or base included in the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 17. FIG. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a three-dimensional structure including a metal jig, and is a diagram for explaining a modified example of FIG. 20. [Figure 22] 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion of the jig or base included in FIG. 21. FIG. [Figure 23] This is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the three-dimensional structure shown in Figure 21, and is a diagram for explaining a three-dimensional structure that uses a combination of a set screw and a spacer as a shaping member for giving shape to the board. [Figure 24] 24 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a set screw and a spacer included in FIG. 23. FIG. [Diagram 25]This is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional structure having multiple boards arranged side by side, and the width dimension of the three-dimensional structure can be adjusted by providing the boards with, for example, living hinges to make the boards bendable. [Figure 26] This is a diagram to explain that a three-dimensional structure is made up of multiple boards arranged side by side, and that by incorporating boards with different height dimensions, the overall height level of the three-dimensional structure can be made consistent when it is placed on multiple tables with different height levels, for example. [Figure 27] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a three-dimensional structure formed by combining one board and one metal jig. [Figure 28] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the jig included in FIG. 27. [Figure 29] 28 is a cross-sectional view of the lower end portion of the three-dimensional structure shown in FIG. 27 cut in the width direction. [Diagram 30] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an example of a three-dimensional structure formed by combining one board and one artificial marble jig. [Diagram 31] 31 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an example of a fixing device included in the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 30. FIG. [Diagram 32] 31 is a cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the fixing device included in the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 30. FIG. [Diagram 33] 31 is a cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the fixing device included in the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 30. FIG. [Diagram 34] FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a three-dimensional structure employing a hook as a modified example of the fastener included in the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 30. [Diagram 35] FIG. 35 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a hook portion of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 34. [Diagram 36] This is a modified example of a three-dimensional structure consisting of a combination of one board and one artificial marble jig, and is a diagram for explaining an example in which the jig has a pocket. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a perspective view of a jig for the artificial marble included in FIG. 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS EXAMPLES

[0013] A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 8 show a typical example of a board 10 constituting a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention. The board 10 is self-supporting when it is erected on a table. Here, Figures 1 to 3 show an example of a board with a shaped lower end, and Figures 4 to 8 show an example of a board with a shaped lower end and upper end. In Figures 1 to 8, reference symbol D-BL indicates the shape of the lower end of a flat board that serves as a base, that is, the lower end reference line that extends straight in the board width direction, and reference symbol U-BL indicates the shape of the upper end of the same flat board, that is, the upper end reference line that extends straight in the board width direction. The reason why the lower end reference line D-BL and the upper end reference line U-BL are illustrated is to clarify that a shape is given to at least the lower end of a flat board by locally heating the board in advance, for example, using a line heater, or forcibly using a jig, and the three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is made using a flat board.

[0014] When the board 10 shown in Figures 1 to 8 is used to form a splash prevention panel, a transparent, self-supporting acrylic board is typically used. With respect to the board 10 in Figures 1 to 8, the center line passing through the middle in the width direction, i.e., the vertical center line, is indicated by reference number 12. For convenience of explaining the shape of the lower end portion of the board 10, the board is divided by the vertical center line 12, with one lower end portion indicated as 10a-1 and the other lower end portion indicated as 10a-2.

[0015] The board 10A shown in FIG. 1 is formed with a curved shape at the lower end 10a. The curved shape of the lower end 10a can be imparted to a flat base board in advance, for example, by locally heating and forming the board. As a modified example, the board may be forcibly curved by a jig to be described later. The board 10A shown in FIG. 1 is a flat base board whose lower end is curved, but whose upper end and vertical middle portion remain as the base board. Therefore, when the board 10A shown in FIG. 1 is erected on a table, it can provide a three-dimensional structure having a surface with a non-uniform three-dimensional shape over the entire surface.

[0016] The board 10B shown in FIG. 2 has lower ends 10a-1 and 10a-2 formed in a wave-shaped curved shape that intersects with the lower end reference line D-BL at the vertical center line 12. In the board 10B shown in FIG. 2, one end of the lower end 10a-1 and the other end of 10a-2 are located away from the lower end reference line D-BL on the opposite side, but one end of the lower end 10a-1 and the other end of 10a-2 may be a sine curve that merges with the lower end reference line D-BL. As in FIG. 1, the board 10B shown in FIG. 2 is a flat basic board with only the lower end curved, and the upper end and the vertical middle part remain the basic board. Therefore, when the board 10B in FIG. 2 is erected on a table, a three-dimensional structure having a non-uniform three-dimensional surface as a whole can be provided.

[0017] The board 10C shown in FIG. 3 has a notch 14 extending in the vertical direction from the lower end to the vertical middle part, and this notch 14 is positioned on the vertical center line 12 of the board 10C, but this is not essential. Also, a plurality of notches 14 may be formed along one side edge of the board 10. The board 10C is forcibly shaped so that one lower end 10a-1 and the other lower end 10a-2 are separated from each other and from the lower end reference line D-BL by a rigid plate 22, i.e., a jig, which extends from one lower end 10a-1 to the other lower end 10a-2. The board 10C shown in FIG. 3 also remains a basic board with respect to the upper end and the vertical middle part. Therefore, when the board 10C in FIG. 3 is erected on a table, a three-dimensional structure having a surface with a non-uniform three-dimensional shape as a whole surface can be provided. Furthermore, in the board 10C of FIG. 3, a localized gap 20 is formed at the lower end of the board 10C by the cut 14, and this gap 20 exists in a plane that is approximately perpendicular to the plane of the board 10C.

[0018] For example, when the splash prevention panel is configured with the board 10C in Fig. 3, splashes that fly when people are talking across the board 10C are received by the surface of the board 10C. It is noteworthy that objects can be exchanged through the gap 20, which is located on a plane perpendicular to the surface of the board 10C. Therefore, objects can be exchanged through the gap 20 with the number of splashes that fly back and forth through the gap 20 during conversation greatly reduced.

[0019] 4 to 8 show an example of providing a three-dimensional structure having a non-uniform three-dimensional surface as a whole by shaping not only the lower end 10a of the board 10 but also a part of the board 10 in the height direction. Specifically, FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 exemplarily propose shaping the lower end 10a and the upper end 10b of the board 10 into different shapes. As a modified example, the lower end 10a and the height direction, i.e., the middle part in the up-down direction, of the board 10 may be shaped into different shapes, or the lower end 10a, the upper end 10b, and the middle part in the height direction of the board 10 may be shaped into different shapes.

[0020] In the board 10D shown in Fig. 4, the lower end 10a is shaped in a corrugated shape, and the upper end 10b is also shaped in a corrugated shape, but the corrugation of the lower end 10a and the corrugation of the upper end 10b are in opposite phases. As a modified example of the board 10D shown in Fig. 4, for example, the lower end 10a may be shaped in a corrugated shape, and the upper end 10b may be shaped in a jagged shape.

[0021] 5, at the lower end, one lower end 10a-1 is formed as a straight line, and the other lower end 10a-2 is formed as a curved line, sandwiching the vertical center line 12. At the upper end, the board 10E has one upper end 10b-1 formed as a curved line, and the other upper end 10b-2 formed as a straight line.

[0022] 6, the lower end 10a is curved to open toward one side with respect to the lower end reference line D-BL, and the upper end 10b is curved to open toward the other side with respect to the upper end reference line U-BL. In other words, the board 10F has a curved shape in which the lower end 10a and the upper end 10b are open toward the opposite side.

[0023] A board 10G shown in FIG. 7 has a lower end 10a shaped in a corrugated form and an upper end 10b shaped in a straight line inclined with respect to an upper end reference line U-BL.

[0024] 8, the lower end 10a is formed into a straight line inclined to one side with respect to the lower end reference line D-BL, and the upper end 10b is formed into a straight line inclined to the other side with respect to the upper end reference line U-BL. That is, the lower end 10a and the upper end 10b of the board 10H are composed of straight lines, but are formed into straight lines inclined to the opposite sides with respect to the lower end reference line D-BL and the upper end reference line U-BL.

[0025] 4 to 8 are merely examples, and it is sufficient that the bottom end 10a of the board 10 has a different shape from other parts in the height direction when the board 10 is erected, thereby making it possible to increase the non-uniformity of the three-dimensional surface compared to the boards 10A to 10C shown in Figures 1 to 3. Generally speaking, it is known that a three-dimensional board whose entire surface is non-uniform has excellent stability against external loads, such as a hyperboloid structure, due to the non-uniform surface shape.

[0026] The three-dimensional structure according to the present invention may be composed of a plurality of boards 10, or may be composed in combination with a jig. A three-dimensional structure composed of two boards 10 arranged opposite each other will be described with reference to Figs. 9 to 12. The boards 10 shown in Figs. 9 to 12 are merely examples, and it is sufficient that at least the lower end portion 10a has a shape and is composed in a non-linear manner.

[0027] The three-dimensional structure 100 in Fig. 9 has a structure in which a first board 10(1) whose lower end 10a is formed in a curved shape opening on one side in a cross section and a second board 10(2) whose lower end 10a is formed in a curved shape opening on the other side are arranged opposite each other. The upper ends 10b of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) are fixed by clips, for example. The dimension in the height direction of the three-dimensional structure 100 is indicated by H, and the distance between the central portions of the lower ends of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) is indicated by D2.

[0028] At the lower end 10a of the three-dimensional structure 100, for example, a first jig 112 is placed at each of the two widthwise ends of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2), and the separation distance D1 between each widthwise end of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2) can be adjusted by the first jig 112. Furthermore, if necessary, a second jig 114 may be placed to adjust the separation distance D2, such as by positioning the separation distance D2 between the widthwise intermediate portions of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2) in a direction to bring them closer to each other.

[0029] The three-dimensional structure 110 in FIG. 10 expresses a shape in which the first board 10(1) and the second board 10(2) are formed into a curved shape that opens on the opposing sides and have a bulging shape in the center in the width direction. In the three-dimensional structure 110, the upper end 10b extending straight on the upper end reference line U-BL of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) is fixed by, for example, a clip. The lower end 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) is positioned such that the middle part in the width direction W is separated from each other by, for example, a third jig 116. As a modified example, the three-dimensional structure 110 in FIG. 10 can be formed by pulling the first and second ends in the width direction W of the lower end 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) in a direction approaching each other by a fourth jig 118. In the three-dimensional structure 110 of Figure 10, a truss element Te is formed by the vertical center line 12 of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2) and the axis Ax of the third jig 116, thereby strengthening the structure of the three-dimensional structure 110.

[0030] FIG. 11 shows a specific embodiment 120 of the three-dimensional structure 110 of FIG. 10, and the same elements as those of the three-dimensional structure 110 of FIG. 10 are given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate. Referring to FIG. 11, a third jig 116 is disposed in the middle of the width direction W of the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2). The third jig 116 is constituted by a molded product 122 made of a relatively heavy material, such as artificial marble, and this molded product 122 has a generally elliptical shape in plan view. By disposing the molded product 122 in the middle of the width direction W in the internal space surrounded by the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2), a curved shape can be imparted to the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2). That is, the molded product 122 functions as a shaping member that gives the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) a curved shape. By adjusting the orientation of the molded product 122 as shown by the arrow A, the degree of curvature of the lower end portions 10a shaped to the curve of the first and second boards 10(1) and 10(2) can be adjusted as can be seen from (I) and (II) of Figure 12. For example, by installing a lamp 124 on the molded product 122, the three-dimensional structure 110 of Figure 10 can be provided as a lighting fixture or a luminous piece of furniture.

[0031] The three-dimensional structures 100, 110, 120 in Figures 9 to 12 may be boards in which the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2) are previously formed into a curved shape. As a modified example, a flat board may be used, and first to fourth jigs 112, 114, 116, 118 may be arranged to forcibly deform the lower end portions 10a of the first and second boards 10(1), 10(2) with the jigs, and the thickness of the three-dimensional structures 100, 110, 120, i.e., the separation distance D1 or D2, may be adjustable.

[0032] At least one of the first and second transparent boards 10(1) and 10(2) constituting the three-dimensional structures 100, 110, and 120 of Figs. 9 to 12 may be formed into a curved shape in advance, and at least the other may be a flat board that is shaped into a curved shape using the first to fourth jigs 112, 114, 116, and 118. The three-dimensional structures 100, 110, and 120 of Figs. 9 to 12 may be composed of an acrylic board having a thickness of, for example, 1 to 3 mm, but may also be composed of an acrylic board having a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm that is thinner than that. Since an acrylic board having a thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm has flexibility, it can be rolled into a cylindrical shape and placed in a cylindrical case for distribution. In other words, the boards included in the three-dimensional structures 100, 110, and 120 may have flexibility so that they can be rolled into a cylindrical shape and placed in a cylindrical case for distribution.

[0033] 13 to 26 are diagrams illustrating specific examples of a three-dimensional structure 200 having a structure in which a plurality of boards 10 are arranged in the width direction W. FIG.

[0034] The three-dimensional structure 200A shown in FIG. 13 is composed of, for example, three transparent boards 10, and as can be clearly seen from FIG. 14, the upper and lower ends of adjacent boards 10 are physically connected by screws 202 while the sides of the boards 10 overlap each other. The number of boards 10 may be two or four or more. Therefore, the number of boards 10, "three", is merely an example. This three-dimensional structure 200A is typically used as a splash prevention panel. The three boards 10 preferably have the same size, and are composed of transparent acrylic boards with a height of 800 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, for example, a thickness of 2 mm. As a modified example, the thickness of the boards 10 may be 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0035] Although the illustrated three-dimensional structure 200A is composed of three boards 10 shaped in the same shape, boards 10 shaped in different shapes may be used. Also, the heights of the three boards 10 may be different.

[0036] The three-dimensional structure 200B shown in Fig. 15 has a configuration in which, for example, three boards 10 whose lower ends are shaped into a corrugated shape are arranged side by side. Preferably, the upper ends of the three boards 10 are connected to each other using the above-mentioned set screws 202 (Fig. 14). The ends of the lower ends of the three boards 10 are offset from the lower end reference line D-BL, whereby a truss element Te is formed in the boundary region between two adjacent transparent boards 10, and a substantially triangular gap Th is formed by this truss element Te.

[0037] The three-dimensional structure 200B in Fig. 15 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. The three boards 10 have the same size, and are made of transparent acrylic boards with a height of 800 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, for example, 2 mm. As a modified example, the thickness of the boards 10 may be 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0038] The three-dimensional structure 200C in Fig. 16 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. The basic structure is the same as the three-dimensional structure 200B in Fig. 15, and the ends of the lower ends of the three boards 10 are offset from the lower end reference line D-BL, thereby forming a truss element Te in the boundary area between two adjacent boards 10, and this truss element Te forms a substantially triangular gap Th, through which people can exchange objects as shown by the arrow B.

[0039] The three-dimensional structure 200C shown in Fig. 16 is provided with a mechanism for adjusting its overall width. This width adjustment mechanism 210 is composed of a U-shaped guide, and this guide (width adjustment mechanism 210) is fixed to the upper edge of the upper corner of one board 10, for example, with adhesive 212. The upper edge of the upper corner of the other adjacent board is slidably received in the guide (width adjustment mechanism 210). The action of this guide (width adjustment mechanism 210) allows the three-dimensional structure 200C to adjust the amount of overlap between the adjacent boards 10, thereby adjusting the overall width of the three-dimensional structure 200C.

[0040] In the three-dimensional structure 200D shown in FIG. 17, a horizontal slit 250 is formed in the vertical middle part of each of the two side edges of the three boards 10. The position of the horizontal slit 250 is not limited to the vertical middle part. Preferably, the horizontal slit 250 may be provided above the vertical middle part. This three-dimensional structure 200D is typically used as a splash prevention panel. For example, the three boards 10 have the same size and are made of transparent acrylic boards with a height of 800 mm, a width of 800 mm, and a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, for example, 2 mm. As a modified example, the thickness of the boards 10 may be 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0041] The three boards 10 may have their lower ends pre-processed to be corrugated, or the three boards 10 may be flat boards.

[0042] When the three boards 10 are assembled into the three-dimensional structure 200D, the horizontal slits 250 on the opposing side edges of two adjacent boards 10 are fitted together, thereby connecting and fixing the multiple boards 10 to each other. A plurality of bases 230 are placed on the table as jigs, and each base 230 is made of marble, for example, and is easy to carry, but heavy enough to support the three boards 10.

[0043] The bases 230 are arranged on the lower end reference line D-BL, and the width direction end of each board 10 is fixed to the bases 230 by screws 260. When the three boards are composed of flat boards, the lower ends of the three boards 10 can be forcibly shaped by the bases 230 arranged on the lower end reference line D-BL. Therefore, the bases 230 have a function as a shaping member that gives a shape to the lower ends of the boards 10. Although optional, in this embodiment, the base 230 has a half-split structure and is composed of two half bases 232. The two half bases 232 are integrated using a connecting piece 234 that is narrowed in the middle part (FIG. 18). FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the two half bases 232 turned upside down. Each half base 232 has a groove 236 on its bottom surface that receives one half of the connecting piece 234, and after the two half bases 232 are positioned, the connecting piece 234 is received in the groove 236, whereby the two half bases 232 are physically integrated to form the base 230. The outer end of the board 10 located at the end in the width direction of the three-dimensional structure 200D can be screwed to the half base 232.

[0044] The three-dimensional structure 200E shown in Fig. 20 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. The number of transparent boards 10 is arbitrary, and the boards 10 may be configured not only by combining boards 10 of the same shape, but also by combining boards 10 of different shapes.

[0045] In the three-dimensional structure 200E shown in Fig. 20, two adjacent boards 10, 10 overlap each other similarly to the three-dimensional structure 200A shown in Fig. 13, and their upper ends are connected to each other by a set screw 202. As a modified example, a horizontal slit 250 (Fig. 17) may be used instead of the set screw 202 for connecting the boards 10 to each other. The three-dimensional structure 200E in Fig. 20 includes the above-mentioned multiple bases 230, which are arranged on the lower end reference line D-BL similarly to the three-dimensional structure 200D shown in Fig. 17, and the width direction end of each board 10 is fixed to the base 230 by a screw 260.

[0046] A lamp as the light source 240 is disposed on the base 230, and the three-dimensional structure 200E can be illuminated from below to above by the light source 240. Reference numeral 242 denotes a cable that supplies power to the light source 240. In the example shown in FIG. 20, the light source 240 is disposed at the center of gravity of the base 230, but for example, grooves for receiving the end faces of the board 10 may be provided at both ends of the base 230, and a single or multiple light sources 240 such as point light sources (LEDs) or surface light sources may be provided at the bottom of the groove. When light is applied to the end face of the board 10, the board 10 itself becomes a light guide path and passes through the inside of the board 10. The three-dimensional structure of the present invention can be provided to a user as a lighting fixture, furniture, or partition that utilizes this characteristic, that is, a lighting fixture, furniture, or partition through which light passes inside the board 10, by providing a light source 240 so that light is incident on the end face or peripheral surface of the board 10.

[0047] In the three-dimensional structure 200E of Figure 20, the lower ends of the three boards 10 may be shaped in advance, or a flat board may be used and this flat board may be forcibly shaped by the base 230.

[0048] The three-dimensional structure 200F shown in FIG. 21 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. This three-dimensional structure 200F is also a modified example of the three-dimensional structure 200E shown in FIG. 20 described above. The base or jig 230 used in this three-dimensional structure 200F is made of metal, not artificial marble, and is provided with grooves 238 (FIG. 22) extending in the width direction of the three-dimensional structure 200F at both ends in the depth direction of the three-dimensional structure 200F. The width direction ends of two adjacent boards 10 and the opposite width direction ends thereof are received in the mutually opposing grooves 238 of the base 230, so that the lower ends of the boards 10 maintain a shape different from the lower end reference line D-BL, or are shaped into a shape different from the lower end reference line D-BL. In other words, the base or jig 230 shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 has a function as a shaping member that gives a shape to the lower end of the board 10.

[0049] The three-dimensional structure 200G shown in Fig. 23 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. This three-dimensional structure 200G is a modified example of the above-mentioned three-dimensional structure 200F, and is an example that explains that a combination of a set screw 202 and a spacer 206 (Fig. 24) can be used as a shaping member for giving a shape to the board 10 in relation to the mutual connection of multiple boards 10 arranged side by side.

[0050] The three-dimensional structure 200I shown in Fig. 25 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. This three-dimensional structure 200I shows an example in which, in a three-dimensional structure 200 in which a plurality of boards 10 are arranged side by side, at least one board 10 is made bendable, thereby adjusting the overall width dimension of the three-dimensional structure 200. In Fig. 25, reference numeral 400 indicates a hinge portion made by integrally molding resin or by post-processing.

[0051] The three-dimensional structure 200J shown in Fig. 26 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. This three-dimensional structure 200J is a modified example of the above-mentioned three-dimensional structure 200, and is an example that explains that the multiple boards 10 arranged side by side do not all have to have the same height dimension.

[0052] In the three-dimensional structure 200J in Fig. 26, the multiple boards 10 include a board 10 (Hi) with a relatively high height H1 and a board 10 (S) with a relatively low height H2. In the illustrated example, the multiple boards 10 are configured to have the same height level at the top edges, but as a modified example, the multiple boards 10 may be configured to have the same height level at the bottom edges. By configuring the multiple boards 10 to have the same height level at the top edges as in the illustrated example, when tables with different heights are arranged side by side, the three-dimensional structure 200J can be installed with the multiple boards 10 having the same height level at the top edges.

[0053] Although several specific examples of the three-dimensional structure 200 having a structure in which a plurality of boards 10 are arranged side by side have been described above with reference to Figures 13 to 26, it goes without saying that these can be combined. For example, in the three-dimensional structure 200 having a structure in which a plurality of boards 10 are arranged side by side, a structure in which the bottom ends of the boards 10 are directly connected to each other (Figure 13) may be combined with a structure in which the bottom ends of adjacent boards 10 are forcibly separated by using at least one jig or base 230 (Figures 17 and 21).

[0054] 27 to 37 are diagrams related to a three-dimensional structure 300 formed by combining one board 10 and a jig 302. The three-dimensional structure 300A shown in FIG. 27 is typically used as a splash prevention panel. The size of the single board 10 constituting the three-dimensional structure 300A is a transparent acrylic board with a height of 800 mm and a width of 800 mm. The thickness of the board 10 constituting the three-dimensional structure 300A may be 1 to 3 mm, or may be thinner, 0.5 to 1 mm.

[0055] The three-dimensional structure 300A has a jig 302A (FIGS. 28 and 29) that extends straight in the horizontal direction. The jig 302A is made of a metal plate member, and has a shape that extends in a strip shape in the horizontal direction when viewed from the front, and a pair of hooks 302a, 302b are formed on both ends in the longitudinal direction. The board 10 has both ends of its lower end locked by the pair of hooks 302a, 302b, and as can be seen from FIGS. 27 and 29, the lower end of the board 10 is shaped to bulge forward. Note that FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the lower end of the three-dimensional structure 300A. By being assembled to the jig 302A, the board 10 is deformed so as to move away from the longitudinal middle part Ff (FIG. 28) of the jig 302A forward. Reference numeral 16 shown in FIG. 27 indicates a notch formed in the center part of the lower edge of the board 10. It is preferable that the notch 16 is equal to or smaller than the height of the jig 302 A. People sitting opposite each other across the board 10 can exchange items through the notch 16.

[0056] The three-dimensional structure 300B shown in Fig. 30 is typically used as a splash prevention panel, and is also a modified example of the three-dimensional structure 300A shown in Fig. 27. The jig 310 included in the three-dimensional structure 300B is made by processing a plate-shaped artificial marble. The jig 310 has a shape that extends straight in the horizontal direction, and the board 10 is fixed to both ends of the jig 310 via fasteners 312, 320, and 330.

[0057] 31 shows a specific example of a fixture 312 that fixes the board 10 to both ends of a jig 310. The fixture 312 includes a U-shaped member 314 that sandwiches the end of the artificial marble jig 310 and the end of the acrylic board 10 while they are overlapped, and a screw 316 that passes through one end of the U-shaped member 314. By tightening the screw 316, the acrylic board 10 and the artificial marble jig 310 can be fixed together by the tip of the screw 316.

[0058] Fig. 32 shows a specific example of a fixture 320 that fixes the board 10 to both ends of the jig 310. Referring to Fig. 32, the fixture 320 is composed of a pair of plates 322 that sandwich the end of the artificial marble jig 310 and the end of the acrylic board 10 in an overlapping state, and a bolt 324 and nut 326 that narrow the gap between the pair of plates 322 to clamp the jig 310 and the acrylic board 10.

[0059] 33 shows a fixture 330 that can be used in the three-dimensional structure 300B. The fixture 330 is composed of a bolt 332 and a nut 334 that penetrate the acrylic board 10 and the jig 310 made of artificial marble.

[0060] The three-dimensional structure 300C shown in Fig. 34 is typically used as a splash prevention panel, and is also a modified example of the three-dimensional structure 300B shown in Fig. 30. The fixture 340 of the three-dimensional structure 300C shown in Fig. 34 is composed of a clamp (Fig. 35), and this clamp 340 can firmly clamp the jig 310 made of artificial marble and the acrylic board 10 by accessing them from the side.

[0061] The three-dimensional structure 300D shown in FIG. 36 includes a modified example 370 of the jig 310 included in the three-dimensional structures 300B and 300C shown in FIG. 30 and FIG. 34. Referring to FIG. 37, the modified jig 370 is made of artificial marble, and pockets 374 that open upward are formed at both ends. The pockets 374 may open only upward, or may open both above and below. If stationery St such as a writing implement or an eraser is stored in the pockets 374, conversation can be promoted by writing the words "TODAY'S AGENDA" and a punch-out picture shown in FIG. 36 on the board 10.

[0062] It should be noted that the modified jig 370 shown in FIG. 37 includes a notch 376 in the longitudinal middle portion of the horizontally extending main body 372, through which objects can be exchanged; however, this notch 376 is not necessarily required.

[0063] Regarding the three-dimensional structures 300A to 300D in Figures 27, 30, 34, and 36, it has been explained that a typical example of their application is as splash prevention panels, but the three-dimensional structures 300A to 300D can be used as a single unit, arranged in the front-to-back or circumferential direction, and connected to each other to be used as furniture or lamps.

[0064] The board 10 applied to the present invention is characterized in that the lower end 10a is deformed from the lower end reference line D-BL to be shaped into a self-supporting shape. The method of this shaping includes plastic deformation by heating and elastic deformation using a jig. Elastic deformation attempts to restore the original flat board shape even after shaping. When the lower end 10a of the board 10 is locally shaped into a shape different from the lower end reference line D-BL based on a flat board according to the present invention, the effect of the present invention is hindered if the board 10 changes to the same shape up to the upper end due to this local shaping. This problem can be discussed in terms of the thickness of the board 10. If the board 10 is thick, such a problem does not occur. However, the thinner the board 10, the more the upper end 10b tends to change into the same shape as the lower end 10a, following the local shaping of the lower end 10a of the board 10. The board 10 applied to the present invention is not suitable for a thinness that allows it to change into any shape without resistance.

[0065] The board 10 applicable to the present invention has a so-called surface tension, which provides a restoring force against deformation. For this reason, if the board 10 is relatively thick, it is difficult to roll the board 10 into a cylindrical shape. In other words, the thinner the board 10, the easier it is to roll the board 10 into a cylindrical shape, and the thinner the board, the smaller the diameter of the cylindrical shape can be. This has the advantage that the logistics costs of supplying the board 10 to users can be reduced. In other words, if the board 10 can be supplied to users in a cylindrical case with a diameter as small as possible, the logistics costs can be significantly reduced.

[0066] In the board 10A shown in FIG. 1, that is, in the board 10A with the lower end 10a curved, if the thickness of the board 10A is 1 mm or more, even if the lower end 10a is curved, the deformation following this is limited and does not reach the upper end 10b. However, if the thickness of the board 10A is 1 mm or less, when the lower end 10a is curved, the effect tends to reach the entire board. This tendency becomes greater as the thickness of the board 10A approaches 0.5 mm, and the board 10A becomes curved overall from the lower end to the upper end. When the board 10A is thin and has a characteristic that deformation reaches the entire surface, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a reinforcing piece Rfp may be bonded to, for example, the upper end of the board 10A. The length of this reinforcing piece Rfp is arbitrary, but it is preferable that it has a length that extends to the full width direction of the board 10. The reinforcing piece Rfp may be made of the same material as the board 10A, or may be made of a different material, such as a metal piece. By attaching the reinforcing piece Rfp to the board 10A, typically at the upper end, the rigidity of the board 10A can be increased from the upper end 10b to the lower end 10a. This makes it possible to prevent the influence of shaping the lower end 10a of the board 10A from reaching the upper end 10b of the board 10A. This makes it possible to create a non-uniform shape over the entire surface of the board 10A. Note that, although the reinforcing piece Rfp has a flat band-like shape in the example of FIG. 1, the shape of the reinforcing piece Rfp is arbitrary, and it may be curved as shown in FIG. 6, or may be wavy, uneven, or the like.

[0067] The reinforcing piece Rfp may be applied to the three-dimensional structure 100 in which the two boards 10(1) and 10(2) described with reference to Figures 9 to 11 are arranged opposite each other. By overlapping the upper ends of the two opposing boards 10(1) and 10(2) with each other, the thickness of each upper end of the two boards 10(1) and 10(2) is essentially doubled, so the reinforcing piece Rfp is not particularly necessary. However, when the upper ends of the two boards 10(1) and 10(2) are to be formed into a wave shape or the like instead of a shape extending straight in the width direction, it is convenient to attach the reinforcing piece Rfp formed into a wave shape in advance to the boards 10(1) and 10(2) and use the reinforcing piece Rfp to impart a wave shape to the upper ends of the boards 10(1) and 10(2).

[0068] The reinforcing piece Rfp may be applied to a three-dimensional structure 200 in which a plurality of boards 10 are arranged side by side as shown in Fig. 13. It is also applicable to a three-dimensional structure 300 in which one board 10 is combined with a jig or base 302, 310, 370 as shown in Figs. 27, 30, 34, and 36.

[0069] Generally speaking, when manufacturing and selling splash prevention panels and partitions that are convenient to place on a table, the board 10 is relatively large, 800 mm x 800 mm, as described above, and therefore logistics costs are high. In order to reduce this logistics cost, it is economically advantageous to roll up the board 10 and use a cylindrical case to supply the product to the user. As a reference example, with respect to the embodiment of the present invention described with reference to Figures 1 to 37, it is also possible to manufacture splash prevention panels and partitions that use a relatively thin board, for example, 0.5 to 1 mm, as the board 10, and then design the board 10 while virtually ignoring the non-uniform shape of the surface, so that when the lower end 10a of the board 10 is formed into a curved shape, the curve is allowed to extend to the upper end 10b. [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 10. Board 10a Bottom end of the board D-BL Bottom reference line 230 Jigs or bases Th The gap between two adjacent boards Te truss element

Claims

1. It consists of at least one board, At least the lower end of the board is shaped to a shape different from a lower end reference line that extends straight at the lower end of a reference flat board and a shape different from the upper end of the board; The entire surface of the board is made into a non-uniform three-dimensional shape by the local shaping of the lower end portion, A three-dimensional structure, characterized in that the shaping into a shape different from the bottom reference line is performed by pre-processing a flat board.

2. The upper end of the board is shaped to have a shape different from an upper end reference line that extends straight at the upper end of a flat board serving as a reference; The shaping of the upper end is carried out by pre-machining a flat board, The three-dimensional structure according to claim 1 , wherein the shape of the lower end portion and the shape of the upper end portion of the board are different.

3. A three-dimensional structure including two boards arranged opposite each other, At least the lower ends of the two boards are shaped to have a shape different from a lower end reference line that extends straight at the lower end of a flat board serving as a reference; A three-dimensional structure characterized in that the entire surface of each board is formed into a non-uniform three-dimensional shape by locally shaping each board.

4. A three-dimensional structure including a plurality of boards arranged side by side, At least the lower end of each of the plurality of boards is shaped to have a shape different from a lower end reference line that extends straight at the lower end of a reference flat board; This local shaping results in a three-dimensional structure in which the entire surface of each board is formed into a non-uniform three-dimensional shape.

5. The three-dimensional structure of claim 4 , wherein the boards have the same height dimension.

6. Among the plurality of boards, some of the boards have different heights, The three-dimensional structure according to claim 4 , wherein the upper edges of the boards are positioned at the same height level.

7. The three-dimensional structure of claim 4 , wherein the boards are connected to one another.

8. The boards arranged side by side include at least one base or jig arranged on a lower end reference line extending straight at the lower end of a flat board serving as a reference; The three-dimensional structure according to claim 5, wherein the at least one base or jig offsets the end of the lower end of the board from the lower end reference line, thereby forming a truss element between two adjacent boards, and the truss element forms a substantially triangular gap.

9. A three-dimensional structure including at least one unit, the unit being a combination of one board and a jig, A three-dimensional structure characterized in that at the lower end of the board, the widthwise end of the board is fixed by the jig and the lower end of the board is shaped to bulge forward.

10. The three-dimensional structure according to claim 9 , further comprising a fixture for fixing a widthwise end of a lower end of the board to the jig.

11. The three-dimensional structure according to claim 9 , wherein the jig has a pair of hooks at both longitudinal ends thereof, and both widthwise ends of the lower end of the board are engaged with the pair of hooks.

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