How to check the ground improvement body in the ground improvement construction method

Abstract

To accurately confirm detailed information such as the detailed size and external shape of a ground improvement body constructed in the ground by a ground improvement method. [Solution] This is a method for confirming a ground improvement body in a ground improvement construction method, comprising: a preparation step (S1) of placing a square reference frame to surround the constructed ground improvement body; an imaging step (S2) of photographing the constructed ground improvement body together with the reference frame placed in the preparation step (S1); an image correction step (S3) of correcting the images of the reference frame and the ground improvement body photographed in the imaging step (S2) into distortion-free images using a predetermined trapezoid correction program; and a confirmation step (S4) of confirming either the size or the external shape or both of the ground improvement body using a predetermined image analysis program based on the image of the ground improvement body corrected to a distortion-free image in the image correction step (S3).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for confirming the size and external shape of a ground improvement body in a ground improvement method for constructing a ground improvement body in the ground. [Background technology]

[0002] One known ground improvement method for improving the ground is the sand compaction pile method, in which granular materials such as sand and crushed stone are discharged into the ground and then driven back in to create an expanded ground improvement body in the ground (Patent Document 1).

[0003] As shown in Figure 1, the ground improvement device 1 used in this method is equipped with a construction machine 3 with a mast 2 erected at the front, and a casing pipe 4 that can penetrate into the ground vertically along the erected mast 2. The construction machine 3 penetrates the casing pipe 4 into the ground or pulls it out from the ground. The casing pipe 4 is a cylindrical tube with a supply path 5 inside through which the granular material passes and a discharge port 6 at its bottom, and the granular material supplied from the upper end of the casing pipe 4 is discharged from the discharge port 6 into the ground.

[0004] In the ground improvement method (sand compaction pile method), a casing pipe 4 is penetrated into the ground to a specified depth, and the penetrated casing pipe 4 is pulled out a specified length while discharging the granular material into the ground from the discharge port 6 of the casing pipe 4. Next, the granular material discharged by the casing pipe 4 is driven back. This discharge of the granular material and driving back of the granular material by the casing pipe 4 are repeated in an upward direction. This allows an expanded ground improvement body T to be created in the ground, and this expanded ground improvement body T can improve the ground to a stronger one.

[0005] Incidentally, in ground improvement methods, after constructing the ground improvement body T in the ground, it is sometimes necessary to check whether the ground improvement body T is as planned. For example, the area where the ground improvement body T has been constructed in the ground is excavated, and the diameter of the ground improvement body T is measured using a ruler R, as shown in Figure 2. The diameter of the ground improvement body T to be measured is on both the horizontal axis (X-axis) and the vertical axis (Y-axis). By measuring the diameter of the ground improvement body T with ruler R in this way, it is possible to check whether the ground improvement body T is as planned.

[0006] However, when checking whether the ground improvement body T after construction using the ground improvement method is the planned size, only the two diameters of the horizontal and vertical axes of the ground improvement body T are measured. Therefore, although the approximate size of the ground improvement body T can be confirmed, there is a problem in that it is not possible to accurately confirm detailed information such as the exact size and external shape of the ground improvement body T. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 2879314 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and its object is to provide a method for confirming a ground improvement body created in the ground using a ground improvement method, which enables accurate confirmation of detailed information such as the detailed size and external shape of the ground improvement body created in the ground using the ground improvement method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The present invention is a method for checking the size and external shape of a ground improvement body in a ground improvement method for constructing a ground improvement body in the ground, and a square or rectangular reference frame is placed so as to surround the constructed ground improvement body. At the same time, multiple markers are placed along the periphery of the constructed ground improvement body. Preparation process and the reference frame placed in the preparation process and multiple markers The photographing process for photographing the ground improvement body constructed at the same time, and the reference frame photographed during the photographing process and multiple markers and an image correction process for correcting the image of the ground improvement body into a distortion-free image using a predetermined trapezoid correction program; and a process for correcting the image of the ground improvement body into a distortion-free image using a predetermined image analysis program based on the image of the ground improvement body corrected into a distortion-free image in the image correction process. From multiple markers placed along the perimeter of the ground improvement body in the image This is a method for confirming a ground improvement body in a ground improvement construction method, which includes a confirmation process for confirming either the size or the external shape of the ground improvement body, or both. Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present invention, a ground improvement body constructed in the ground is photographed, the photographed image of the ground improvement body is corrected to an image without distortion, and then a specified image analysis program is used to confirm either the size or the external shape of the ground improvement body, or both, based on the corrected image of the ground improvement body, thereby making it possible to accurately confirm detailed information regarding the specific size and external shape of the ground improvement body constructed in the ground. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a side view of a ground improvement device used in the ground improvement method. [Diagram 2] This is a diagram showing how to measure the diameter of a ground improvement body. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for confirming a ground improvement body in the ground improvement method of the present invention. [Figure 4] This is a diagram showing the placement of a reference frame and markers outside the ground improvement body during the preparation process. [Diagram 5] This is an image of the ground improvement body taken during the photography process. [Figure 6]This is an image of the ground improvement body when corrected to a distortion-free image in the image correction process. [Figure 7] This is an image showing a linear body connecting adjacent markers in the confirmation process. [Figure 8] This is an image obtained when the outside of the linear body is trimmed in the confirmation process. [Figure 9] This is an image in which the inside of the linear body has been trimmed during the confirmation process to depict only the outline of the ground improvement body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] An embodiment of a method for checking a ground improvement body in a ground improvement method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The method of confirming the ground improvement body in the ground improvement method according to the present embodiment is a method of creating a ground improvement body T (also called a "compacted sand pile" in the sand compaction pile method) in the ground by a ground improvement method, for example, a sand compaction pile method, photographing the ground improvement body T created in the ground, correcting the image of the photographed ground improvement body T, and accurately confirming detailed information such as the detailed size and external shape of the ground improvement body T based on the corrected image of the ground improvement body T. When confirming the detailed size and external shape of the ground improvement body T, one or both of the size and external shape of the ground improvement body T are confirmed. Note that the ground improvement method here is the sand compaction pile method, but is not limited to this, and may be a solidification method such as a deep mixing treatment method or other methods.

[0013] As shown in Fig. 3, the method for checking the ground improvement body in the ground improvement method includes a preparation step (S1) of placing a reference frame K so as to surround the created ground improvement body T, a photographing step (S2) of photographing the created ground improvement body T together with the reference frame placed in the preparation step, an image correction step (S3) of correcting the images of the reference frame and the ground improvement body T photographed in the photographing step to images without distortion, and a confirmation step (S4) of confirming either or both of the size and the external shape of the ground improvement body T using a predetermined image analysis program based on the image of the ground improvement body T corrected in the image correction step. In addition, in the method for checking the ground improvement body in this ground improvement method, the work of correcting the image of the ground improvement body T to an image without distortion in the image correction step (S3) and the work of confirming either or both of the size and the external shape of the ground improvement body T using the image analysis program in the confirmation step (S4) are performed using a processing device such as a computer.

[0014] [Preparation process] The preparation process (S1) is a process of preparing the ground improvement body T by arranging a reference frame K and the like around the ground improvement body T. In the preparation process (S1), after constructing a ground improvement body T in the ground by a ground improvement method, the ground surface is excavated so that the constructed ground improvement body T is exposed, and a horizontal cross section of the ground improvement body T appears. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a reference frame K is placed outside the exposed ground improvement body T so as to surround the ground improvement body T. At this time, the reference frame K is placed so as to be horizontal. This reference frame K is a square frame body with four corners (four corners) forming right angles. Note that the reference frame K is a square frame body, but is not limited to this and may be a rectangular frame body. Here, the reference frame K is a frame body made of metal, resin, wood, or the like. However, it is not limited to this and may be a square or rectangular figure drawn on the ground. In addition, the reference frame K may be a square or rectangle with only the vertices (four corners) marked and the sides of the square or rectangle omitted, and any frame may be used as long as the vertices of the square or rectangle can be recognized in the image captured in the next photographing step (S2).

[0015] Furthermore, the reference frame K is made larger than the ground improvement body T so that it surrounds the ground improvement body T. For example, if the diameter of the ground improvement body T to be constructed is approximately 60 to 70 cm, the length of one side of the reference frame K (square frame) is set to 1 m, and the reference frame K is made slightly larger than the ground improvement body T, so that the reference frame K is positioned so as to surround the ground improvement body T (the ground improvement body T fits inside the reference frame K). Note that the size of the reference frame K is not limited to the above, and the size can be changed depending on the size of the ground improvement body T to be constructed.

[0016] In addition, in the preparation process (S1), multiple markers M are placed along the periphery of the ground improvement body T that has been dug up (the boundary between the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground). The placement of multiple markers M is performed when the periphery of the ground improvement body T is unclear, that is, when the periphery of the ground improvement body T is unclear, and when the periphery of the ground improvement body T is clear, multiple markers M do not need to be placed. The color of the markers M should be white or black. For example, when the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground are dark (blackish), the marker M should be white, and when the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground are light (whitish), the marker M should be black. In other words, the color of the marker M should be the opposite color to the color of the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground. Similarly to the markers M, the color of the reference frame K should be white or black (the opposite color to the color of the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground) depending on the color of the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground.

[0017] [Filming process] The photographing process (S2) is a process of photographing the ground improvement body T constructed in the ground. In the photographing process (S2), the ground improvement body T that appears on the surface is photographed with a photographing device, for example a camera. In photographing, along with the ground improvement body T, the reference frame K and multiple markers M that were placed on the outside of the ground improvement body T in the previous preparation process (S1) are also photographed. This photographing is performed by a worker using a photographing device. The image of the ground improvement body T photographed here shows the reference frame K and multiple markers M along with the constructed ground improvement body T (cross section), as shown in Figure 5.

[0018] [Image correction process] The image correction process (S3) is a process of correcting the image of the ground improvement body T photographed in the photographing process (S2). In the image correction process (S3), the images of the reference frame K, the multiple markers M, and the ground improvement body T captured in the previous photographing process (S2) are corrected to images without distortion. The images are corrected to images without distortion by performing keystone correction in a processing device such as a computer using a predetermined keystone correction program. This keystone correction program is a commonly used program for keystone correction. Keystone correction is performed when capturing images of the reference frame K, the multiple markers M, and the ground improvement body T, as it is difficult to capture them vertically (directly above), and they are inevitably captured from an oblique direction. Therefore, the images of the reference frame K, the multiple markers M, and the ground improvement body T captured from such an oblique direction (shown in FIG. 5) are corrected to images without distortion when viewed from a vertical direction, as shown in FIG. 6.

[0019] Next, the keystone correction performed using a predetermined keystone correction program will be described. The captured image is taken from an oblique direction, so that the square reference frame K appears as a trapezoid rather than a square. Therefore, a predetermined trapezoid correction program is used to check the positions of the four corners (four corners) of the reference frame K in the captured image, and the captured image is adjusted so that the positions of these four corners are the same as the positions of the four corners of the square, that is, since the aspect ratio of the square reference frame K is 1:1, the aspect ratio of the reference frame K in the captured image is also calculated to be 1:1. As a result, the reference frame K that appears as a trapezoid is corrected to a square reference frame K. At the same time, images of the ground improvement body T and the like are also corrected to an undistorted state. That is, the images of the reference frame K, the multiple markers M, and the ground improvement body T captured from an oblique direction in the photographing process (S2) are corrected to images without distortion when viewed from a vertical direction.

[0020] [Confirmation process] The confirmation process (S4) is a process for confirming either the size or the external shape of the ground improvement body T, or both, based on the image of the ground improvement body T corrected in the image correction process (S3). In the confirmation step (S4), the image of the ground improvement body T without distortion corrected in the previous image correction step (S3) is analyzed by a processing device such as a computer using a predetermined image analysis program. This image analysis program may be a program that is generally used for analyzing images, or may be a program that is specially developed for analyzing images.

[0021] The analysis of images of ground improvement body T using an image analysis program will be explained. Of the multiple markers M placed along the periphery of the ground improvement body T in the image, adjacent markers M are connected with lines, and then all of the markers M are connected with lines to draw the outer line L of the ground improvement body T. Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, a linear body L1 connecting adjacent markers M in the image is drawn. Next, as shown in Figure 8, the outside of the linear body L1 connecting the markers M is trimmed (image is deleted). Furthermore, the inside of the linear body L1 connecting the markers M is also trimmed (image is deleted). Next, the outer line L of the ground improvement body T is drawn based on the linear body L1 remaining in the image. As a result, only the outer line L of the ground improvement body T is drawn on the image, as shown in Figure 9. In addition, the tasks of drawing a linear body L1 connecting adjacent markers M in the image, trimming the outside and inside of the linear body L1 connecting the markers M, and drawing the outer line L of the ground improvement body T based on the linear body L1 may be performed manually by an operator using a prescribed program, or may be performed automatically by a computer, etc.

[0022] Next, based on the image in which the outline L of the ground improvement body T is drawn, all the coordinates (position information) of the outline L of the ground improvement body T in the screen are obtained by a processing device such as a computer using a predetermined image analysis program. When obtaining these coordinates, the coordinates cannot be obtained unless the size (scale) of the entire image is known, but the size (scale) of the entire image can be known from the reference frame K that appears in the image and whose size is known in advance. Therefore, the coordinates of the outline L of the ground improvement body T in the screen can be obtained. As a result, the size of the ground improvement body T, that is, the diameter of the ground improvement body T, can be obtained from the coordinates of the outline L of the ground improvement body T in the obtained screen. Here, the diameter can be obtained not only in the horizontal axis (X axis) and vertical axis (Y axis) but also in various directions by obtaining all the coordinates of the outline L of the ground improvement body T in the screen. In addition, the area of ​​the ground improvement body T can be obtained, and further, the external shape of the ground improvement body T can be obtained. In this way, the size and external shape of the ground improvement body T can be confirmed. In other words, it is possible to accurately confirm detailed information such as the specific size and external shape of the ground improvement body T.

[0023] In addition, here, a linear body L1 is drawn connecting the markers M placed on the outer periphery of the ground improvement body T, and then an outer line L of the ground improvement body T is drawn from this, and the size and outer shape of the ground improvement body T are confirmed from the drawn outer line L of the ground improvement body T. However, when the outer line L of the ground improvement body T can be recognized using only the multiple markers M placed on the outer periphery of the ground improvement body T, it is also possible to confirm the size and outer shape of the ground improvement body T from the coordinates (position information) of the multiple markers M in the image in the processing device, without drawing a linear body L1 connecting the markers M.

[0024] Furthermore, in the preparation process (S1), when the outer periphery of the ground improvement body T (the boundary between the ground improvement body T and the surrounding ground) is clear, multiple markers M are not placed, and the analysis of the image of the ground improvement body T in the confirmation process (S4) in this case will be explained. The outer periphery L of the ground improvement body T is drawn directly along the periphery of the ground improvement body T that is clearly visible in the image. After drawing the outer periphery L of the ground improvement body T, the outside and inside of the outer periphery L of the ground improvement body T are trimmed in the image. As a result, only the outer periphery L of the ground improvement body T is drawn in the image.

[0025] Next, based on an image depicting only the outer line L of the ground improvement body T, as described above, a processing device such as a computer uses a specified image analysis program to determine all the coordinates (position information) of the outer line L of the ground improvement body T on the screen, and from the coordinates of the outer line L of the ground improvement body T on the screen, the diameter of the ground improvement body T, the area of ​​the ground improvement body T, and even the outer shape of the ground improvement body T can be determined. In this way, either the size or the outer shape of the ground improvement body T, or both, can be confirmed. In other words, detailed information such as the detailed size and outer shape of the ground improvement body T can be accurately confirmed.

[0026] As described above, according to this embodiment, the ground improvement body T constructed in the ground is photographed, the photographed image of the ground improvement body T is corrected (trapezoid correction) to an image without distortion, and based on this corrected image of the ground improvement body T, a specified image analysis program is used to confirm either the size or the external shape of the ground improvement body T, or both, thereby making it possible to accurately confirm detailed information regarding the specific size and external shape of the ground improvement body T constructed in the ground.

[0027] Furthermore, the work of checking the size and external shape of the ground improvement body T is not carried out at just one location in the depth direction (up and down) of the ground improvement body T, but at multiple locations every few tens of centimeters in the depth direction, making it possible to check the ground improvement body T constructed in the ground in detail. This makes it possible to create a three-dimensional model (one with a three-dimensional shape) of the ground improvement body T, allowing workers to easily grasp the shape of the constructed ground improvement body T. [Explanation of symbols]

[0028] 1...ground improvement device, 2...mast, 3...construction machine, 4...casing pipe, 5...supply line, 6...discharge outlet.

Claims

1. A method for confirming the size and external shape of a ground improvement body in a ground improvement method for constructing a ground improvement body in the ground, comprising: A preparation step of placing a square or rectangular reference frame so as to surround the constructed ground improvement body and placing a plurality of markers along the periphery of the constructed ground improvement body; a photographing process of photographing the ground improvement body constructed together with the reference frame and the multiple markers arranged in the preparation process; an image correction process for correcting the images of the reference frame, the plurality of markers, and the ground improvement body photographed in the photographing process into images without distortion using a predetermined keystone correction program; a confirmation process for confirming the size and / or external shape of the ground improvement body from a plurality of markers arranged along the periphery of the ground improvement body in the image using a predetermined image analysis program based on the image of the ground improvement body corrected to an image without distortion in the image correction process; A method for checking a ground improvement body in a ground improvement method, comprising:

2. In the method for confirming a ground improvement body in the ground improvement method according to claim 1, This method for checking a ground improvement body in a ground improvement construction method includes a confirmation process in which a plurality of markers placed along the periphery of the ground improvement body in an image are connected with lines to draw the outline of the ground improvement body, and the size and / or the external shape of the ground improvement body are confirmed from the outline of the ground improvement body.

Images