Conveying member, drying device, and printing device

Abstract

To solve such a conventional problem that in a transport component which contacts a component to be contacted thereby transporting the component to be contacted and has a fluorine resin as a high releasable material on a surface layer, the fluorine resin on the surface layer wears and a base material exposes with long-term contact between the transport component and the component to be contacted, and constructs (for example, image and so on) of the component to be contacted is transferred to the exposed base material.SOLUTION: A transport component, which contacts a component to be contacted thereby transporting the component to be contacted, has a surface layer which contacts the component to be contacted. The surface layer has a support layer having a plurality of recesses and a non-recessed part, that is a region other than the recesses, on a surface thereof, and a fluorine resin particles adhered to the non-recess and a fluorine resin adhered to the non-recessed part. An area of the non-recessed part where an amount of elemental fluorine is 3 atm% or more is 80% or more to an area of the non-recessed part.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a conveying member, a drying device, and a printing device. [Background technology]

[0002] A conveying member for conveying a recording medium such as a continuous sheet of paper or cut paper is provided inside a printing device such as an inkjet device. This conveying member guides the recording medium to a means for applying a liquid composition such as ink and a means for heating and drying the applied liquid composition.

[0003] However, among such transport members, those that come into direct contact with the area to which the liquid composition has been applied may cause problems such as transfer of the liquid composition to the transport member.

[0004] Patent Document 1 discloses a roller that includes a rod-shaped core body and a wire material containing a slippery resin fiber that is wound in a spiral shape around the outer circumferential surface of the core body, and is used in a device having a printing function to transport a printed material. This provides a roller with high releasability that can smoothly transport the printed material and maintain high print image quality. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in a transport member that transports a contacted member by coming into contact with the contacted member and that has a fluororesin as a highly releasable material on its surface layer, there is a problem that over long-term contact between the transport member and the contacted member, the fluororesin on the surface layer wears away, exposing the base material, and the components of the contacted member (e.g., an image, etc.) are transferred to the exposed base material. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention relates to a transport member that transports a contacted member by coming into contact with the contacted member, the transport member having a surface layer that comes into contact with the contacted member, the surface layer having a support layer having a plurality of recesses and non-recesses that are areas other than the recesses on its surface, fluororesin particles adhering to the recesses, and fluororesin adhering to the non-recesses, the area of ​​the areas in the non-recesses where the fluorine content is 3 atm% or more being 80% or more of the area of ​​the non-recesses. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a transport member having a surface layer made of a fluororesin, which is capable of suppressing transfer of components of a contacted member to the transport member even when the transport member is used for a long period of time. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of a cross section of a support layer having recesses. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a printing device that uses continuous paper. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the contacted member in contact with the conveying member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0010] <<Transportation parts>> The transport member of the present embodiment is a member that transports a contacted member by contacting the contacted member. The transport member is a member having a surface layer that contacts the contacted member. The surface layer is preferably provided on a base material. The transport member may or may not have a heating means for applying heat to the contacted member through the surface layer. When the transport member has a heating means, the transport member is preferably a member that heats and dries the liquid composition applied to the contacted member by contacting the contacted member while transporting the contacted member.

[0011] <Surface layer> The surface layer is a layer that comes into contact with a contacted member, and has a support layer having a surface having a plurality of recesses and non-recesses, which are areas other than the recesses, fluororesin particles adhering to the recesses, and fluororesin adhering to the non-recesses, and may have other components as necessary.

[0012] -Support layer- The support layer is a layer that supports the fluororesin particles and the fluororesin. The material constituting the support layer can be appropriately selected depending on the application of the conveying member, but examples of the material include sulfated alumite (in other words, sulfated alumite film) and oxalic acid alumite (in other words, oxalic acid alumite film), and sulfated alumite is preferable. The support layer may contain other constituent materials as necessary. Here, containing sulfated alumite means containing a material derived from sulfated alumite treatment, and sulfated alumite treatment is a treatment of anodizing aluminum in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. That is, the layer containing the material derived from sulfated alumite treatment is a layer that contains aluminum oxide and in which a sulfur component is detected. Here, detecting a sulfur component means, for example, that data indicating the presence of a sulfur component is obtained when mapping of the sulfur component is performed on the cross section of the support layer. A specific example of a method for mapping the sulfur component is a method of performing EDS elemental analysis (for example, using an instrument manufactured by Phenom ProX or PhenomWorld) on the cross section of the support layer. The reason why it is preferable to contain anodized aluminum sulfate is as follows: Since anodized aluminum sulfate grows into hexagonal columnar cells in the above-mentioned anodized aluminum sulfate treatment, a surface structure of the support layer having fine irregularities is formed, and the detachment of fluororesin particles present in the recesses is suppressed. In addition, as a method for confirming that the layer contains alumite sulfate (in other words, a layer containing aluminum oxide and in which sulfur components are detected), for example, a method is given in which, when mapping of sulfur components, aluminum components, and oxygen components is performed on a cross section of the support layer, data is obtained showing that the sulfur components, aluminum components, and oxygen components are present in the same region. Specifically, a method is given in which the sulfur components, aluminum components, and oxygen components are each mapped by performing EDS elemental analysis (for example, using an instrument manufactured by Phenom ProX or PhenomWorld) on the cross section of the support layer.

[0013] As described above, the support layer is a layer containing anodized aluminum sulfate, and thus a plurality of recesses can be formed on the surface. The recesses are structures derived from anodized aluminum sulfate treatment, and it is preferable in terms of manufacturing that no separate treatment is provided to form the recesses. Here, the recesses are described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a photograph showing an example of a cross section of a support layer having a recess. As shown in FIG. 1, the recesses represent a recessed structure formed on the surface of the support layer. In addition, the fluororesin F is attached to the recesses as fluororesin particles in a particulate form. Furthermore, the fluororesin is also attached to non-recessed areas, which are areas other than the recesses. The form of the fluororesin in the non-recessed areas is not limited to particulate form. In the present disclosure, the fluororesin particles are not limited to the case where each individual fluororesin particle is independent, but also include the case where a plurality of fluororesin particles are partially bonded together and integrated.

[0014] In addition, since the fluororesin is attached to the non-recessed portions, there may be regions in the non-recessed portions where the fluorine content is 3 atm% or more, depending on the amount of fluororesin attached. In this case, the area of ​​the regions in the non-recessed portions where the fluorine content is 3 atm% or more is 80% or more, and preferably 90% or more, of the area of ​​the non-recessed portions. It is preferable that the area of ​​the regions in the non-recessed portions where the fluorine content is 3 atm% or more is 99% or less of the area of ​​the non-recessed portions. Here, the ratio of the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portion to the area of ​​the non-recessed portion is obtained, for example, as follows. First, an SEM image is obtained using an SEM with a microscope on the surface layer of the transport member to grasp the recessed portion and the non-recessed portion. The SEM image can be obtained by observing at, for example, 2000 times. Next, mapping of the fluorine component is performed on the surface layer of the transport member (including the area where the SEM image was obtained). A specific method for mapping the fluorine component is to perform an EDS elemental analysis (for example, using an instrument manufactured by Phenom ProX or PhenomWorld), and use analysis software (for example, ProSuite software) to map the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more from the obtained EDS elemental analysis result. Next, the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portion is calculated from the mapping result and the SEM image. In the same manner, the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portion is calculated at any five points, and the average value of these is adopted. Next, the average value is divided by the area of ​​the non-recessed region used to calculate the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed region to obtain the above ratio. Note that the measurement area in the EDS elemental analysis can be, for example, 100 μm × 100 μm.

[0015] Next, the reasons why it is preferable that fluororesin particles are adhered to the recesses and fluororesin is adhered to the non-recesses, and that the area of ​​the non-recesses where the fluorine content is 3 atm % or more is 80% or more of the area of ​​the non-recesses will be explained. In the case of the present embodiment, a transport member that transports a contacted member by contacting the contacted member has a problem that the fluororesin on the surface layer wears away with long-term contact between the transport member and the contacted member, exposing the substrate, and the components of the contacted member (e.g., an image, etc.) are transferred to the exposed substrate. This problem is prominent when the contacted member has an area (in other words, an image) to which the liquid composition is applied and the area comes into direct contact with the transport member, so such a case will be described as an example. The area of ​​the contacted member to which the liquid composition is applied is usually in a somewhat dried state when it comes into contact with the transport member, but when the area is not sufficiently dried, etc., when the area comes into contact with the transport member and then separates, the liquid composition in the area is transferred to the transport member side due to interaction with the transport member. To address this issue of the contact surface, which is a component of the contacted member, being transferred to the transport member, an effective method is to construct at least a portion of the surface of the transport member from a fluororesin, thereby reducing the interaction between the contacted member and the transport member. However, if the fluororesin is merely provided partially on the surface of the conveying member, the fluororesin will be detached from the surface of the conveying member over time due to contact with the contacted member for a long period of time, and the above problem will become apparent. In contrast, by attaching the fluororesin in particulate form to the recesses in the support layer, it is possible to suppress the detachment of the fluororesin particles to a certain extent. In this case, since the fluororesin is in particulate form, it is possible to reduce the wear occurring between the contacted member and the conveying member compared to the case where a non-particulate fluororesin is used, and the detachment of the fluororesin particles can be further suppressed. However, even with such a configuration, it is difficult to suppress the detachment of the fluororesin particles over a long period of time. Therefore, in addition to the above configuration, it is effective to further attach the fluororesin to the non-recessed portion and to configure the area of ​​the region in which the fluorine element amount in the non-recessed portion is 3 atm% or more to be 80% or more of the area of ​​the non-recessed portion. With this configuration, a sufficient amount of fluororesin can be attached to the boundary between the recessed portion and the non-recessed portion, and the fluororesin attached to the boundary can suppress the detachment of the fluororesin particles attached to the recessed portion, and further, the fluororesin particles can be spread near the boundary. Further, by configuring the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element in the non-recessed portion is 3 atm% or more to be 90% or more of the area of ​​the non-recessed portion, a greater effect can be obtained. Note that, in the present disclosure, the boundary between the recessed portion and the non-recessed portion is conceptually included in the non-recessed portion.

[0016] The transport member may have a built-in heating means such as a halogen lamp heater, and the surface temperature may be high (e.g., 40°C or higher) during use. In addition, the transport member may not have a heating means, but a heating member that is a separate member from the transport member may be provided near the transport member, and the surface temperature may be high (e.g., 40°C or higher) during use. As described above, when a conveying member is used in an environment where the surface temperature of the conveying member is high, the fluororesin particles generally soften and become more likely to detach from the surface of the conveying member. However, with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, thereby achieving a significant effect of suppressing the transfer of components of the contacted member, such as an image, to the conveying member.

[0017] The temperature of the surface layer of the conveying member is preferably 40°C or higher, more preferably 50°C or higher, and even more preferably 60°C or higher. When the temperature of the surface layer is 40°C or higher, the effect of the conveying member of this embodiment can be more effectively obtained compared to the case where fluororesin particles are simply provided on the surface of the conveying member. The temperature of the surface layer of the conveying member is preferably 200°C or lower, preferably 150°C or lower, and more preferably 100°C or lower. As described above, when the conveying member itself does not have a heating means, but a heating member that is a separate member from the conveying member is provided in the vicinity of the conveying member, the temperature of the surface layer of the conveying member is preferably 40°C or higher and lower than 100°C, more preferably 50°C or higher and lower than 100°C, and even more preferably 60°C or higher and lower than 100°C.

[0018] With respect to the conveying direction of the contacted member Orthogonal The arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer in the conveying direction is preferably 0.2 μm to 0.6 μm, because by having the arithmetic mean roughness of 0.2 μm to 0.6 μm, the frequency of contact between the fluororesin particles in the recesses and the contacted member during use of the conveying member is reduced, detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed, and transfer of components of the contacted member to the conveying member is suppressed. There is no particular limitation on the method for making the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer 0.2 μm or more and 0.6 μm or less. One example is a method in which the manufacturing process of the conveying member includes a step of polishing the support layer with nonwoven fabric, nylon, or the like.

[0019] The thickness of the support layer is preferably 25.0 μm or more and 35.0 μm or less. By making the thickness of the support layer 25.0 μm or more and 35.0 μm or less, it is possible to achieve both the rigidity of the transport member and the formation of the recess shape, and the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed for a longer period of time, and as a result, the components of the contacted member are suppressed from being transferred to the transport member. The thickness of the support layer can be determined, for example, as follows. First, mapping of the sulfur component, aluminum component, and oxygen component is performed on the cross section of the transport member. A specific method for mapping the sulfur component, aluminum component, and oxygen component includes a method of performing EDS elemental analysis (for example, using an instrument manufactured by Phenom ProX or PhenomWorld). Next, the region where all of the sulfur component, aluminum component, and oxygen component are detected is determined as the support layer, and the length of the perpendicular line in the support layer drawn from the surface of the support layer toward the substrate is determined. In the same manner, the length of the perpendicular line in the support layer is determined at any 10 points, and the average value of these is taken as the thickness of the support layer.

[0020] As described above, the support layer is preferably a layer containing anodized aluminum sulfate. By being a layer containing anodized aluminum sulfate, the hardness can be improved compared to a layer containing aluminum oxide produced by a process other than anodized aluminum sulfate. This can improve the hardness of the conveying member having the support layer. Specifically, the Vickers hardness of the conveying member is preferably 400Hv or more. By having the Vickers hardness of the conveying member be 400Hv or more, wear of the uneven shape of the conveying member surface is suppressed, and the uneven shape suppresses the detachment of the fluororesin particles for a longer period of time, and as a result, the components of the contacted member are suppressed from being transferred to the conveying member. The Vickers hardness can be measured according to the test method of JIS Z2244.

[0021] -Fluoroplastics- The fluororesin can improve the lubricity between the conveying member and the contacted member. As described above, the fluororesin adheres to the recesses of the support layer in the form of fluororesin particles, and adheres to the non-recesses of the support layer as a fluororesin of any form. The material constituting the fluororesin particles adhering to the recesses and the material constituting the fluororesin adhering to the non-recesses may be the same or different.

[0022] Examples of fluororesins include tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymers (PFA, melting point 300 to 310°C), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, melting point 330°C), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymers (FEP, melting point 250 to 280°C), ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymers (ETFE, melting point 260 to 270°C), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, melting point 160 to 180°C), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE, melting point 210°C), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymers (EPE, melting point 290 to 300°C), and mixtures containing these polymers, with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) being preferred.

[0023] The method for adhering the fluororesin to the support layer is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include the following methods. First, a member on which a support layer is formed is immersed in a dispersion liquid containing fluororesin particles to allow the fluororesin particles to adhere to the support layer, and the member is air-dried. This allows the fluororesin particles to adhere to the regions of the support layer that include recesses. Thereafter, a fluorine coating agent is sprayed from a spray nozzle, and the fluororesin is further uniformly adhered to the support layer to which the fluororesin particles are adhered. This allows the fluororesin to adhere to the regions of the support layer that do not include recesses.

[0024] <Base material> The substrate is located on the side of the surface layer that does not come into contact with the contacted member. In addition, it is preferable that the substrate is treated (sulfuric acid anodizing treatment, etc.) during the manufacture of the transport member to form the support layer. Therefore, it is preferable that the material constituting the substrate contains aluminum. It is more preferable that the material constituting the substrate contains magnesium in addition to aluminum. When aluminum is treated with sulfuric acid anodizing, aluminum oxide grows in a columnar shape, but by containing magnesium, the growth direction of the aluminum oxide can be disturbed, stress is generated in the aluminum oxide, and the surface of the support layer formed can be made more uneven. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the material constituting the substrate contains silicon in addition to aluminum. By containing silicon, like magnesium, the growth direction of the aluminum oxide can be disturbed, stress is generated in the aluminum oxide, and the surface of the support layer formed can be made more uneven. As described above, by making the surface of the support layer formed more uneven, the uneven shape suppresses the detachment of the fluororesin particles for a longer period of time, and as a result, the transfer of the components of the contacted member to the transport member is suppressed.

[0025] The shape of the substrate is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, a long metal rod, and more preferably, a roller shape such as a cylinder or cylindrical body with a circular cross section. By using such a shape of the substrate, the conveying member can be used as a conveying roller. When a roller-shaped substrate is used, the diameter of the circle of the cross section of the conveying member is preferably 50 mm or more and 600 mm or less. By having a diameter of 50 mm or more, the pressure per unit area generated between the conveying member and the contacted member is reduced, the friction that the contacted member exerts on the recess is reduced, and the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed. On the other hand, by having a diameter of 600 mm or less, excessive adhesion generated between the conveying member and the contacted member is reduced, and thus the friction that the contacted member exerts on the recess is reduced, and the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed.

[0026] <Heating means> As described above, the conveying member may have a heating means, but may not have one. Here, the heating means is a means for applying heat to the contacted member through the surface layer, and for example, when the shortest length from a predetermined position of the heating means to the surface layer is compared with the shortest length from the predetermined position of the heating means to the contacted member, the shortest length from the predetermined position of the heating means to the surface layer is shorter. Therefore, for example, when the conveying member is in the form of a roller, the heating means is provided inside the roller-shaped base material and applies heat to the contacted member through the base material and the surface layer. In this way, the surface layer is in a high temperature state because the heating means is configured to apply heat to the contacted member through the surface layer. In this way, when the conveying member is used in an environment where the surface temperature of the conveying member is high, the fluororesin particles generally soften and tend to detach from the conveying member surface, but with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, so that the effect of suppressing the transfer of the contacted member's components, such as images, to the conveying member can be significantly obtained. The form in which the heating means is provided in the transport member is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the heating means is provided integrally with other members constituting the transport member, such as the surface layer and the base material.

[0027] Specific examples of the heating means are not particularly limited, and various known means can be used, such as a heater and a means for generating hot air.

[0028] <<Drying equipment, printing equipment>> The drying device of the present embodiment is a device that dries a contacted member to which a liquid composition has been applied by heating it, and includes the above-mentioned conveying member and the like. The printing apparatus of the present embodiment also includes a liquid composition applying means for applying the liquid composition to a contacted member, the transport member, and the like. The drying device and the printing device will be described with reference to Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a printing device using continuous paper. The printing device 100 shown in Fig. 2 has a contacted member supplying means 1, a liquid composition applying means 2, a heating member 3, a transporting member 4, and a contacted member collecting means 6. The printing device 100 also has a drying device 50, but the drying device 50 may be an integrated device with the printing device 100 or a separate independent device.

[0029] <Contacted member supply means> The contacted member supplying means 1 is driven to rotate, thereby supplying the contacted member 7, which is stored in a roll shape, to a transport path 8 in the printing apparatus 100. The transport direction of the contacted member 7 on the transport path 8 is indicated by an arrow D. The contacted member supplying means 1 adjusts the rotational drive to transport the contacted member 7 at a high speed of 50 m / min or more.

[0030] The contacted member 7 is a sheet-like transported object that is continuous in the transport direction D of the printing device 100, and is specifically a recording medium such as continuous paper. Examples of continuous paper include rolled paper rolled into a roll and continuous paper folded at predetermined intervals. The contacted member 7 is transported along a transport path 8 between the contacted member supplying means 1 and the contacted member collecting means 6. The length of the contacted member 7 in the transport direction D is at least longer than the length of the transport path 8 for the contacted member 7 provided between the contacted member supplying means 1 and the contacted member collecting means 6. The printing device 100 of this embodiment uses the contacted member 7 that is continuous in the transport direction D of the printing device 100 and transports the contacted member 7 at high speed, so that a large tension is applied to the contacted member 7 between the contacted member supplying means 1 and the contacted member collecting means 6.

[0031] <Liquid composition application means> The liquid composition applying means 2 is an inkjet ejection head having a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, and is provided so that the direction of ejection of ink from the nozzles faces the transport path 8 of the contacted member 7. In this way, the liquid composition applying means 2 sequentially ejects ink of each color, magenta (M), cyan (C), yellow (Y), and black (K), as liquid compositions onto the contacted member 7. Note that the colors of the ejected ink are not limited to these, and may be white, gray, silver, gold, green, blue, orange, violet, or other colors. In the present embodiment, the liquid composition is described as an example in which the liquid composition is ink, but other liquid compositions may be used. For example, the liquid composition may be ink, a pre-treatment liquid applied to aggregate coloring materials contained in the ink, a post-treatment liquid applied to protect the surface of the applied ink, and a liquid for forming an electric circuit in which inorganic particles such as metal are dispersed, and the like, or a liquid in which these are appropriately mixed or layered. In the present embodiment, the liquid composition is applied to the contacted member 7 by an inkjet discharge head, but the liquid composition may be applied by other means. For example, various known means such as spin coating, spray coating, gravure roll coating, reverse roll coating, and bar coating can be used.

[0032] <Heating material> The heating member 3 heats and dries the liquid composition applied to the contacted member 7 from the back side of the surface of the contacted member 7 having the area where the liquid composition is applied. The means for heating the liquid composition is not particularly limited, and various known means can be used, such as a means for blowing hot air or a means for drying the back side of the contacted member 7 by contacting it with a flat heater or the like.

[0033] Furthermore, the heating member 3 is provided in the vicinity of the transport member 4 described below, and as a result, the surface temperature of the transport member may become high (for example, 40° C. or higher) during use. When a transport member having fluororesin particles attached thereto is used in an environment where the surface temperature of the transport member becomes high, the fluororesin particles generally soften and become more likely to detach from the surface of the transport member, but with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, so that a significant effect can be obtained in suppressing the transfer of components of the contacted member, such as an image, to the transport member.

[0034] In this application, the heating means and the heating member are clearly distinguished terms. As described above, the heating means is a means for applying heat to the contacted member through the surface layer, and is provided as one of the means constituting the transport member. On the other hand, the heating member is a member that is not a member that applies heat to the contacted member through the surface layer, and is a member that is incorporated into the drying device or the printing device as a member separate from the transport member.

[0035] <Transportation parts> The transport member 4 is a columnar or cylindrical roller, and changes the transport direction D of the contacted member 7 while transporting the contacted member 7.

[0036] In the printing apparatus 100 of this embodiment, as described above, the contacted member supplying means 1 transports the contacted member 7 at 50 m / min or more. In the case of transporting at such a high speed, when the transport direction of the contacted member 7 is changed by the transport member 4, as shown in FIG. 2, a large pressure is applied between the transport member 4 and the contacted member 7. As a result, when a contacted member 7 having fluororesin particles attached thereto is used, the fluororesin particles tend to become detached due to the increase in friction caused by the application of pressure. However, with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, so that the effect of suppressing the transfer of the components of the contacted member, such as an image, to the transport member can be significantly obtained.

[0037] As described above, the printing device 100 of this embodiment conveys the contacted member 7 that is continuous in the conveying direction D of the printing device 100, so that a large tension is applied to the contacted member 7 between the contacted member supplying means 1 and the contacted member collecting means 6. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 2, when the conveying direction of the contacted member 7 to which a large tension is applied is changed by the conveying member 4, a large pressure is applied between the conveying member 4 and the contacted member 7. As a result, when a contacted member 7 to which fluororesin particles are attached is used, the fluororesin particles tend to become detached due to the increase in friction caused by the application of pressure, but with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, so that the effect of suppressing the transfer of the components of the contacted member, such as an image, to the conveying member can be significantly obtained.

[0038] Furthermore, when the conveying member 4 is a roller-shaped conveying roller, as shown in FIG. 2, the contacted member 7 is wound around the conveying roller, thereby changing the conveying direction of the contacted member 7. At this time, the winding ratio of the contacted member 7 to the conveying roller is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 15% or more, and even more preferably 20% or more. By being 10% or more, the pressure per unit area generated between the conveying roller and the contacted member 7 decreases, and the detachment of the fluororesin particles can be suppressed. Furthermore, the winding ratio of the contacted member 7 to the conveying roller is preferably 90% or less, more preferably 70% or less, and even more preferably 50% or less. By being 50% or less, the contacted member 7 can be conveyed suitably.

[0039] The "winding ratio" in this embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing that the contacted member is in contact with the conveying member. As shown in Fig. 3, in the case where the contacted member 7 is in contact with the roller-shaped conveying member 4 by being wound around it, the "winding ratio" indicates the ratio of the circumferential length X of the conveying member 4 between 9a and 9b on the side where the contacted member 7 and the conveying member 4 are in contact to the total circumferential length of the conveying member 4, when one end of the contacted member separated from the conveying member is 9a and the other end is 9b.

[0040] 2 does not have a heating means for applying heat to the contacted member 7 through the surface layer, but may have one. When the conveying member 4 has a heating means, the surface temperature of the conveying member may be high (for example, 40° C. or higher) during use. In this way, when a conveying member to which fluororesin particles are attached is used in an environment where the surface temperature of the conveying member is high, the fluororesin particles generally soften and tend to detach from the conveying member surface. However, with the configuration of this embodiment, the detachment of the fluororesin particles is suppressed as described above, and the fluororesin particles are spread, so that the effect of suppressing the transfer of the components of the contacted member, such as an image, to the conveying member can be significantly obtained.

[0041] <Contacted member recovery means> The contacted member recovery means 6 is rotationally driven to wind up the contacted member 7 on which an image has been formed by applying the liquid composition, and store it in a roll shape.

[0042] <<Print method>> The printing method of the present embodiment includes a liquid composition applying step of applying the liquid composition to a contacted member, and a transport step of transporting the contacted member by bringing a transport member into contact with the contacted member.

[0043] <Liquid composition application step> The liquid composition applying step is a step of applying a liquid composition such as ink to the contacted member 7 supplied from the contacted member supplying means 1. As a result, a region where the liquid composition is applied is formed on the contacted member 7.

[0044] <Drying process> The drying step is a step of drying the applied liquid composition by heating it using the heating member 3 after the liquid composition application step. Drying is preferably performed to the extent that the contacted member 7 does not feel sticky. When a heating means is incorporated in the transport member, drying may be performed by the transport member.

[0045] <Transportation process> The transporting step is a step of transporting the contacted member 7 by contacting the contacted member 7 with the transporting member 4 after the drying step. The transporting step may be performed either before or after the liquid composition applying step. The transporting step may be performed either before or after the drying step.

[0046] <<Liquid composition>> The liquid composition in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include ink, a pre-treatment liquid applied to aggregate coloring materials contained in the ink, a post-treatment liquid applied to protect the surface of the applied ink, and a liquid for forming an electric circuit or the like in which inorganic particles such as metal are dispersed. These can be used in any known composition as appropriate. Hereinafter, as an example, a case where ink is used as the liquid composition will be described.

[0047] <Ink> The organic solvent, water, coloring material, resin, wax, additives, and the like used in the ink will be described below.

[0048] -Organic solvents- The organic solvent is not particularly limited, and any water-soluble organic solvent can be used. Examples of the organic solvent include polyhydric alcohols, ethers such as polyhydric alcohol alkyl ethers and polyhydric alcohol aryl ethers, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, amides, amines, and sulfur-containing compounds. Specific examples of polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, and 1,4-pentanediol. Examples of such hexanediol include 2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, ethyl-1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,3-butanetriol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, and petriol. Examples of polyhydric alcohol alkyl ethers include ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether. Examples of polyhydric alcohol aryl ethers include ethylene glycol monophenyl ether and ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether. Examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-hydroxyethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, ε-caprolactam, and γ-butyrolactone. Examples of the amides include formamide, N-methylformamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropionamide, and 3-butoxy-N,N-dimethylpropionamide. Examples of the amines include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethylamine. Examples of sulfur-containing compounds include dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, and thiodiethanol. Other organic solvents include propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and the like. It is preferable to use an organic solvent having a boiling point of 250° C. or less, since this not only functions as a wetting agent but also provides good drying properties.

[0049] As the organic solvent, polyol compounds having 8 or more carbon atoms and glycol ether compounds are also suitably used. Specific examples of polyol compounds having 8 or more carbon atoms include 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol. Specific examples of the glycol ether compound include polyhydric alcohol alkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and propylene glycol monoethyl ether; and polyhydric alcohol aryl ethers such as ethylene glycol monophenyl ether and ethylene glycol monobenzyl ether.

[0050] In particular, when a resin is used as the ink composition, N,N-dimethyl-β-butoxypropionamide, N,N-dimethyl-β-ethoxypropionamide, 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether are preferred. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, amide solvents such as 3-butoxy-N,N-dimethylpropionamide and 3-methoxy-N,N-dimethylpropionamide are particularly preferred, as they promote the film-forming properties of the resin and can exhibit high abrasion resistance.

[0051] The boiling point of the organic solvent is preferably 180°C or higher and 250°C or lower. If the boiling point is 180°C or higher, the evaporation rate during drying can be appropriately adjusted, leveling can be sufficiently performed, surface irregularities can be reduced, and gloss can be improved. Conversely, if the boiling point is higher than 250°C, the drying property is low and long drying times may be required. With the recent increase in printing speed, the time it takes for the ink to dry has become the rate limiting factor, and it is necessary to shorten the drying time, so long drying times are not preferred.

[0052] The content of the organic solvent in the ink is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. From the viewpoints of the drying property and ejection reliability of the ink, however, the content is preferably from 10% by mass to 60% by mass, and more preferably from 20% by mass to 60% by mass.

[0053] The content of the amide solvent in the ink is preferably from 0.05% to 10% by mass, and more preferably from 0.1% to 5% by mass.

[0054] -water- The water content in the ink is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. From the viewpoints of the drying property and ejection reliability of the ink, however, it is preferably from 10% by mass to 90% by mass, and more preferably from 20% by mass to 60% by mass.

[0055] -Coloring materials- The coloring material is not particularly limited, and pigments and dyes can be used. As the pigment, an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment can be used. These pigments can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, mixed crystals can be used as the pigment. Examples of pigments that can be used include black pigments, yellow pigments, magenta pigments, cyan pigments, white pigments, green pigments, orange pigments, glossy pigments such as gold and silver pigments, and metallic pigments. As inorganic pigments, titanium oxide, iron oxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, barium yellow, cadmium red, chrome yellow, as well as carbon black produced by known methods such as the contact method, furnace method, and thermal method can be used. As organic pigments, azo pigments, polycyclic pigments (e.g., phthalocyanine pigments, perylene pigments, perinone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, quinacridone pigments, dioxazine pigments, indigo pigments, thioindigo pigments, isoindolinone pigments, quinophthalone pigments, etc.), dye chelates (e.g., basic dye chelates, acid dye chelates, etc.), nitro pigments, nitroso pigments, aniline black, etc. can be used. Among these pigments, those having good affinity with the solvent are preferably used. In addition, resin hollow particles and inorganic hollow particles can also be used. Specific examples of pigments for black colors include carbon blacks (CI Pigment Black 7) such as furnace black, lamp black, acetylene black, and channel black; metals such as copper, iron (CI Pigment Black 11), and titanium oxide; and organic pigments such as aniline black (CI Pigment Black 1). In addition, for color, CI Pigment Yellow 1, 3, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 34, 35, 37, 42 (yellow iron oxide), 53, 55, 74, 81, 83, 95, 97, 98, 100, 101, 104, 108, 109, 110, 117, 120, 138, 150, 153, 155, 180, 185, 213, CI Pigment Yellow Range 5, 13, 16, 17, 36, 43, 51, CI Pigment Red 1, 2, 3, 5, 17, 22, 23, 31, 38, 48:2, 48:2 (Permanent Red 2B (Ca)), 48:3, 48:4, 49:1, 52:2, 53:1, 57:1 (Brilliant Carmine 6B), 60:1, 63:1, 63:2, 64:1, 81, 83, 88 , 101 (red oxide), 104, 105, 106, 108 (cadmium red), 112, 114, 122 (quinacridone magenta), 123, 146, 149, 166, 168, 170, 172, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 190, 193, 202, 207, 208, 209, 213, 219, 224, 254, 264, CI Pigment Violet 1 (Rhodamine Lake), 3, 5:1, 16, 19, 23, 38; CI Pigment Blue 1, 2, 15 (Phthalocyanine Blue), 15:1, 15:2, 15:3, 15:4 (Phthalocyanine Blue), 16, 17:1, 56, 60, 63; CI Pigment Green 1, 4, 7, 8, 10, 17, 18, 36, etc. The dye is not particularly limited, and acid dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes, and basic dyes can be used. One type of dye may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. Dyes include, for example, CI Acid Yellow 17, 23, 42, 44, 79, 142, CI Acid Red 52, 80, 82, 249, 254, 289, CI Acid Blue 9, 45, 249, CI Acid Black 1, 2, 24, 94, CI Food Black 1, 2, CI Direct Yellow 1, 12, 24, 33, 50, 55, 58, 86, 132, 142, 144, 173, CI Direct Red 1, 4, 9, 80, 81, 225, 227, CI Direct Blue 1, 2, 15, 71, 86, 87, 98, 165, 199, 202, CI Directed Black 19, 38, 51, 71, 154, 168, 171, 195, CI Reactive Red 14, 32, 55, 79, 249, CI Reactive Black 3, 4, 35.

[0056] The content of the coloring material in the ink is preferably from 0.1% to 15% by mass, and more preferably from 1% to 10% by mass, from the viewpoints of improving image density, good fixing property and ejection stability.

[0057] Methods for dispersing a pigment to obtain an ink include a method in which a hydrophilic functional group is introduced into the pigment to make it a self-dispersing pigment, a method in which the surface of the pigment is coated with a resin and then dispersed, and a method in which a dispersant is used to disperse the pigment. As a method for introducing a hydrophilic functional group into a pigment to make it a self-dispersing pigment, for example, a method in which a functional group such as a sulfone group or a carboxyl group is added to a pigment (e.g., carbon) to make it dispersible in water can be mentioned. As a method for dispersing a pigment by coating its surface with a resin, there is a method in which the pigment is encapsulated in a microcapsule to make it dispersible in water. This can be called a resin-coated pigment. In this case, it is not necessary for all of the pigments blended in the ink to be coated with resin, and uncoated or partially coated pigments may be dispersed in the ink. Examples of the method for dispersing using a dispersant include a method for dispersing using a known low molecular weight dispersant or a polymeric dispersant, typified by a surfactant. As the dispersant, for example, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, etc. can be used depending on the pigment. As the dispersant, RT-100 (nonionic surfactant) manufactured by Takemoto Oil Co., Ltd. and sodium naphthalenesulfonate formalin condensate can also be suitably used. The dispersants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0058] -Pigment dispersion- It is possible to obtain ink by mixing a pigment with materials such as water or an organic solvent, or it is also possible to manufacture ink by mixing a pigment with other materials such as water and a dispersant to prepare a pigment dispersion, and then mixing the resulting mixture with materials such as water or an organic solvent. The pigment dispersion is obtained by mixing and dispersing water, a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and other components as necessary, and adjusting the particle size. Dispersion is preferably performed using a dispersing machine. The particle size of the pigment in the pigment dispersion is not particularly limited, but the maximum frequency in terms of the maximum number is preferably 20 nm or more and 500 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or more and 150 nm or less, in order to improve the dispersion stability of the pigment and the image quality such as ejection stability and image density. The particle size of the pigment can be measured using a particle size analyzer (Nanotrac Wave-UT151, manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.). The pigment content in the pigment dispersion is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. From the viewpoints of obtaining good ejection stability and increasing image density, the pigment content is preferably from 0.1% by mass to 50% by mass, and more preferably from 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass. It is preferable to filter out coarse particles from the pigment dispersion using a filter or a centrifugal separator, and degas the pigment dispersion, if necessary.

[0059] -resin- The type of resin contained in the ink is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the resin include urethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, styrene resin, butadiene resin, styrene-butadiene resin, vinyl chloride resin, acrylic styrene resin, and acrylic silicone resin. Resin particles made of these resins may be used. The resin particles may be dispersed in water as a dispersion medium to form a resin emulsion, and the resin particles may be mixed with materials such as coloring materials and organic solvents to obtain an ink. The resin particles may be appropriately synthesized or may be commercially available. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types of resin particles.

[0060] Among these, urethane resin particles have a large tackiness of an image formed by applying an ink using the urethane resin particles, which deteriorates blocking resistance, so it is preferable to use them in combination with other resin particles, but the strength of the tackiness of the urethane resin particles allows the image to be formed firmly and improves fixability. In addition, urethane resin particles with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of -20°C or more and 70°C or less can have a larger tackiness of an image formed by applying an ink using the urethane resin particles, and can further improve fixability. Among the above resins, acrylic resin particles using acrylic resin are widely used because they have excellent discharge stability and are inexpensive. However, since they have poor abrasion resistance, it is preferable to use them in combination with elastic urethane resin particles.

[0061] The volume average particle size of the resin particles is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. From the viewpoint of obtaining good fixing property and high image hardness, however, it is preferably from 10 nm to 1,000 nm, more preferably from 10 nm to 200 nm, and particularly preferably from 10 nm to 100 nm. The volume average particle size can be measured, for example, using a particle size analyzer (Nanotrac Wave-UT151, manufactured by Microtrac-Bell Co., Ltd.).

[0062] The resin content is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. From the viewpoints of fixation property and storage stability of the ink, however, the resin content is preferably from 1% by mass to 30% by mass, and more preferably from 5% by mass to 20% by mass, of the total amount of the ink.

[0063] The particle size of the solid content in the ink is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. In order to improve the image quality such as ejection stability and image density, the maximum frequency of the particle size of the solid content in the ink is preferably 20 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or more and 150 nm or less, in terms of the maximum number. The solid content includes resin particles, pigment particles, etc. The particle size can be measured using a particle size analyzer (Nanotrac Wave-UT151, manufactured by Microtrac Bell Co., Ltd.).

[0064] -wax- By including wax in the ink, it is possible to improve the abrasion resistance, and by using it in combination with a resin, it is possible to improve the glossiness. As the wax, polyethylene wax is preferable. As the polyethylene wax, a commercially available product can be used, and examples of the commercially available product include AQUACER531 (manufactured by BYK Japan), Polylon P502 (manufactured by Chukyo Yushi), Aquapetro DP2502C (manufactured by Toyo Adle Co., Ltd.), and Aquapetro DP2401 (manufactured by Toyo Adle Co., Ltd.). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types. The content of the polyethylene wax is preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the ink. If the content is 0.05% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less, it is effective enough to improve the abrasion resistance and gloss. If the content is 0.45% by mass or less, the storage stability and ejection stability of the ink are particularly good, making it more suitable for use in the inkjet method.

[0065] -Additives- If necessary, surfactants, antifoaming agents, antiseptics, antifungals, rust inhibitors, pH adjusters, etc. may be added to the ink.

[0066] <<Contacted member>> The contact member can be any recording medium without particular limitations, such as ordinary paper, glossy paper, special paper, cloth, etc., but is particularly suitable for use with low-permeability recording media (also called low-absorbency recording media). The term "low-permeability recording medium" refers to a recording medium having a surface with low water permeability, absorbency, or adsorption, and includes materials that have many cavities inside but are not open to the outside. Examples of low-permeability recording media include coated paper used in commercial printing and recording media such as paperboard coated with recycled paper pulp in the middle and back layers. Since low-permeability recording media have a stronger gripping force than recording media such as plain paper, and the friction generated between the recording media and the conveying member increases, problems associated with the detachment of the fluororesin particles as described above are likely to occur. Therefore, it is preferable to use the conveying member of the present application to suppress the detachment of the fluororesin particles.

[0067] <Low permeability recording media> Examples of low-permeability recording media include recording media such as coated paper having a support and a surface layer provided on at least one side of the support, and further having other layers as necessary.

[0068] In a recording medium having a support and a surface layer, the amount of pure water transferred to the recording medium in a contact time of 100 ms measured with a dynamic scanning absorptiometer was 2 mL / m 2 More than 35mL / m 2 Less than 2 mL / m is preferable. 2 More than 10mL / m 2 The following is more preferred:

[0069] If the amount of ink and pure water transferred during a contact time of 100 ms is too small, beading may occur easily, whereas if the amount is too large, the ink dot diameter after image formation may become smaller than the desired diameter.

[0070] The amount of pure water transferred to the recording medium in a contact time of 400 ms measured using a dynamic scanning absorptiometer was 3 mL / m 2 More than 40mL / m 2 Less than 3 mL / m is preferable. 2 More than 10mL / m 2 The following is more preferred:

[0071] If the amount of transfer at a contact time of 400 ms is small, the drying property will be insufficient, and if it is too much, the gloss of the image area after drying may be easily reduced. The amount of pure water transferred to the recording medium at contact times of 100 ms and 400 ms can both be measured on the side of the recording medium having the surface layer.

[0072] Here, the dynamic scanning absorptometer (DSA, Journal of the Japan Paper and Pulp Technology Association, Vol. 48, May 1994, pp. 88-92, Shigenori Kuga) is an instrument that can accurately measure the amount of absorbed liquid in an extremely short time. The dynamic scanning absorptometer automates the measurement by directly reading the absorption speed from the movement of the meniscus in the capillary, scanning the sample in a disk shape with the absorption head in a spiral shape, automatically changing the scanning speed according to a preset pattern, and measuring the required number of points on one sample.

[0073] The liquid supply head for the paper sample is connected to the capillary via a Teflon tube, and the position of the meniscus in the capillary is automatically read by an optical sensor. Specifically, the transferred amount of pure water or ink can be measured using a dynamic scanning absorptiometer (K350 series D type, manufactured by Kyowa Seiko Co., Ltd.).

[0074] The transfer amounts at a contact time of 100 ms and a contact time of 400 ms can be calculated by interpolation from the measured values ​​of the transfer amounts at contact times adjacent to each contact time.

[0075] -Support- The support is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the support include paper mainly made of wood fibers, and sheet-like materials such as nonwoven fabric mainly made of wood fibers and synthetic fibers. The thickness of the support is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 50 μm to 300 μm. 2 ~290g / m 2 is preferred.

[0076] -Surface layer- The surface layer contains a pigment and a binder, and may further contain a surfactant and other components as required. As the pigment, an inorganic pigment or a combination of an inorganic pigment and an organic pigment can be used. Examples of inorganic pigments include kaolin, talc, heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, calcium sulfite, amorphous silica, titanium white, magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and chlorite. The amount of inorganic pigment added is preferably 50 parts by mass or more per 100 parts by mass of the binder. Examples of organic pigments include water-soluble dispersions of styrene-acrylic copolymer particles, styrene-butadiene copolymer particles, polystyrene particles, polyethylene particles, etc. The amount of organic pigment added is preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total pigments in the surface layer. As the binder, it is preferable to use an aqueous resin. As the aqueous resin, at least one of a water-soluble resin and a water-dispersible resin can be suitably used. The water-soluble resin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol, cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol, acetal-modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyurethane, and polyester and polyurethane. The surfactant contained in the surface layer as necessary is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but any of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and nonionic surfactants can be used. The method for forming the surface layer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. The method can be performed by impregnating or coating the support with the liquid that constitutes the surface layer. The amount of the liquid that constitutes the surface layer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. The amount of the liquid that constitutes the surface layer that is applied ... 2 ~20g / m 2 is preferred, and 1 g / m 2 ~15g / m 2 is more preferred. EXAMPLES

[0077] Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0078] <Preparation example of black pigment dispersion> Carbon black (NIPEX160, manufactured by Degussa, BET specific surface area 150m 2 20 g of 20 mM 2H 2 O (average primary particle size 20 nm, pH 4.0, DBP oil absorption 620 g / 100 g), 20 mmol of a compound represented by the following structural formula (1), and 200 mL of ion-exchanged highly pure water were mixed in a Silverson mixer (6,000 rpm) at room temperature. When the pH of the resulting slurry was higher than 4, 20 mmol of nitric acid was added. After 30 minutes, sodium nitrite (20 mmol) dissolved in a small amount of highly pure ion-exchanged water was slowly added to the mixture. The mixture was then heated to 60°C with stirring and reacted for 1 hour. A modified pigment was produced in which a compound represented by the following structural formula (1) was added to carbon black. Next, the pH was adjusted to 10 with an aqueous NaOH solution, and after 30 minutes, a modified pigment dispersion was obtained. The dispersion containing the pigment bonded to at least one geminal bisphosphonic acid group or geminal bisphosphonic acid sodium salt and ion-exchanged highly pure water were subjected to ultrafiltration using a dialysis membrane, and further subjected to ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a self-dispersed black pigment dispersion having a bisphosphonic acid group as a hydrophilic functional group with a pigment solids concentration of 16 mass%.

[0079] [ka]

[0080] <Preparation Example of Liquid Composition (Ink)> A liquid composition (ink) was obtained by mixing 50.00 mass% black pigment dispersion (pigment solids concentration 16%), 2.22 mass% polyethylene wax AQUACER 531 (non-volatile content 45 mass%, manufactured by BYK Japan), 30.00 mass% 3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane, 10.0 mass% propylene glycol monopropyl ether, 2.00 mass% silicone surfactant (TEGO Wet 270, manufactured by Tomoe Engineering Co., Ltd.), and ion-exchanged water (remaining amount). The mixture was stirred for 1 hour and then filtered through a membrane filter having an average pore size of 1.2 μm.

[0081] <Manufacturing example of conveying member> Example 1 An electrolytic treatment process was carried out on the surface of an aluminum hollow roller substrate (A6063 manufactured by Misumi Corporation) with a diameter of 80 mm, in which aluminum was anodized in an oxalic acid solution (oxalic acid anodizing treatment). More specifically, electrodes were attached to the ends of the hollow roller substrate, which was then submerged in a 15 wt% oxalic acid solution adjusted to 0°C, and a current of 1.0 A / dm was applied to the metal rod as the anode. 2 Electrolysis was performed for 0.2 hours at a current density of 1000 rpm, and an oxalic acid alumite coating was deposited to form a support layer with a thickness of 25 μm. The surface was thoroughly washed with pure water, and the roller was immersed in a fluororesin particle dispersion in which a PTFE dispersion (Fluon manufactured by AGC) was diluted to a solid content concentration of 10% or less, and then air-dried. After air-drying, a process was performed once in which a fluorine coating agent (Optoace manufactured by Daikin Co., Ltd.) diluted to a solid content concentration of 1.0 mass% was sprayed from a spray nozzle onto the hollow roller to uniformly attach the fluororesin. The hollow roller (diameter: 80 mm) obtained in this way was used as the conveying member of Example 1.

[0082] -Percentage of the area of ​​the non-recessed area where the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm% or more- Regarding the transport member of Example 1, the ratio of the area of ​​the region in which the amount of elemental fluorine was 3 atm % or more in the non-recessed portion to the area of ​​the non-recessed portion was determined as follows. First, an SEM image was obtained using an SEM equipped with a microscope on the surface layer of the transport member to grasp the recessed and non-recessed portions. The SEM image was obtained by observing at 2000 times. Next, mapping of the fluorine component was performed on the surface layer of the transport member (including the area where the SEM image was obtained). Specifically, the method of mapping the fluorine component was to perform EDS elemental analysis (using an instrument manufactured by Phenom ProX and PhenomWorld) and to use analysis software (ProSuite software) to map the area where the fluorine element amount was 3 atm% or more from the obtained EDS elemental analysis results. Next, the area of ​​the area where the fluorine element amount was 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portions was calculated from the mapping results and the SEM image. Similarly, the area of ​​the area where the fluorine element amount was 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portions was calculated at any five points, and the average value of these was adopted. Next, the average value was divided by the area of ​​the non-recessed portions used to calculate the area of ​​the area where the fluorine element amount was 3 atm% or more in the non-recessed portions to obtain the above ratio. The measurement area in the EDS elemental analysis was 100 μm × 100 μm. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0083] -Vickers hardness of transport components- The Vickers hardness of the conveying member of Example 1 was measured in accordance with the test method of JIS Z 2244. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0084] -Arithmetic mean roughness of surface layer- With respect to the conveying direction of the contacted member OrthogonalThe arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer in the conveying direction was determined. Specifically, a 5 mm × 5 mm test piece was cut out from the central part in the longitudinal direction of the conveying member, and a surface image (×100 magnification) of the test piece was acquired using an Olympus 3D measurement laser microscope LEXT. Next, image analysis was performed using the attached analysis software OLS4100 to calculate the arithmetic mean roughness. Similarly, the arithmetic mean roughness at arbitrarily selected 10 locations was calculated, and the average of these values was taken as the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0085] (Examples 2 to 9) In Example 1, except that the type of aluminum substrate, the type of electrolytic solution, the time of electrolytic treatment, the presence or absence of a polishing process, the method of attaching the fluororesin, and the number of times of the process of attaching the fluororesin were changed to the contents shown in Table 1 below, the conveying members of Examples 2 to 9 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Also, in the same manner as in Example 1, the ratio of the area of the region where the fluorine element amount in the non-recessed portion is 3 atm% or more, the Vickers hardness of the conveying member, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer were determined, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. In Table 1, "sulfuric acid" indicating the type of electrolytic solution used for electrolytic treatment represents an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. Also, the polishing process means polishing the hollow roller after air drying with a non-woven fabric or a nylon brush. "Strong" in Table 1 represents polishing with a nylon brush, and "weak" represents polishing with a non-woven fabric. Also, the diameter of each conveying member is shown in Table 1.

[0086] (Comparative Example 1) In Example 1, except that the electrolytic treatment step was not performed and the number of times of the process of attaching the fluororesin was changed to the contents shown in Table 2 below, the conveying member (diameter: 80 mm) of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Also, in the same manner as in Example 1, the ratio of the area of the region where the fluorine element amount in the non-recessed portion is 3 atm% or more, the Vickers hardness of the conveying member, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer were determined, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0087] (Comparative Example 2) A 1 mm thick PFA tube (Gunze) was placed over an 80 mm diameter aluminum hollow roller substrate (A6063 manufactured by Misumi Corporation), and the PFA tube was shrunk by heat treatment at 200° C. to obtain a conveying member (diameter: 82 mm) of Comparative Example 2. In addition, the proportion of the area of ​​the region in which the fluorine content in the non-recessed area was 3 atm% or more, the Vickers hardness of the conveying member, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer were determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0088] Comparative Example 3 A conveying member (diameter: 80 mm) of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in Example 1, the type of aluminum base material, the type of electrolyte, the time of electrolytic treatment, the presence or absence of a polishing process, the method of attaching the fluororesin, and the number of steps of attaching the fluororesin were changed to those shown in Table 2 below. Also, in the same manner as in Example 1, the proportion of the area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element in the non-recessed portion was 3 atm% or more, the Vickers hardness of the conveying member, and the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer were determined, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0089] [Evaluation of transferability of the contacted member's constituent (solid image) to the conveying member] A printing device was prepared by incorporating the prepared transport member into an inkjet printing system (RICOH Pro VC60000, manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.), and an image was printed on a recording medium, which was a contacted member, using the prepared liquid composition (ink). At this time, the winding ratio of the contacted member to the transport member was 20% or more and 50% or less. In addition, a roll paper of Lumi Art Gloss 130gsm (manufactured by Stora Enso, paper width 520.7mm, low permeability recording medium) was used as the recording medium. The length of this roll paper in the transport direction was longer than the length of the transport path of the printing device. The prepared transport member was incorporated near a heating member of the printing device. First, the roll paper was set in the printing device and transported for 12 km at a speed of 50 m / min. Next, the ink application amount in the printing device was set to 1.0 μL / cm 2The roll paper on which the solid image was formed was continuously transported at a speed of 50 m / min, and the transport distance until the solid image was transferred to the transport member was measured and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. During the above operation, the surface temperature of the heating member was set to 70° C. In addition, as the heating member heats up, the transport member located near the heating member is also heated, but by adjusting the amount of intake and exhaust in the printing device, the temperatures of the surface layers of the transport members in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Here, the temperature of the surface layer was obtained by attaching a heat-resistant black tape to the end of the transport member and measuring the temperature of the tape with a radiation thermometer. (Evaluation Criteria) A: Transcription does not occur below 30 km B: Transcription occurs between 20km and 30km away C: Transcription occurs between 10km and 20km away D: Transcription occurs less than 10 km away

[0090] [Table 1]

[0091] [Table 2] [Explanation of symbols]

[0092] 1 Contacted member supply means 2. Liquid composition application means 3 Heating element 4. Transporting parts 6 Contacted member recovery means 7 Contacted member 8. Transport Route 9a, 9b Ends where the contacted member separates from the conveying member 10. Transport member 11 Contacted member 50 Drying equipment 100 Printing equipment [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0093] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-156317 A

Claims

1. A conveying member that conveys a contacted member by contacting the contacted member, the transport member has a surface layer that comes into contact with the contacted member, the surface layer includes a support layer having a surface including a plurality of recesses and non-recesses that are areas other than the recesses, fluororesin particles adhering to the recesses, and fluororesin adhering to the non-recesses, A transport member, wherein an area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm % or more in the non-recessed portion is 80% or more and 96% or less of an area of ​​the non-recessed portion.

2. 2. The transport member according to claim 1, wherein an area of ​​the region in which the amount of fluorine element is 3 atm % or more in the non-recessed portion is 90% or more and 96% or less of an area of ​​the non-recessed portion.

3. 3. The transport member according to claim 1, wherein the transport member has a Vickers hardness of 400 Hv or more.

4. 4. The transport member according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic mean roughness of the surface layer in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction of the contacted member is 0.2 μm or more and 0.6 μm or less.

5. The transport member according to claim 1 , wherein the support layer contains anodized aluminum sulfate.

6. The conveying member according to claim 1 , which is in the form of a roller having a diameter of 50 mm or more and 600 mm or less.

7. The conveying member according to claim 1 , wherein the surface layer has a temperature of 40° C. or higher.

8. The transport member according to claim 1 , wherein the fluororesin is attached at least to a boundary between the recessed portion and the non-recessed portion.

9. A drying device comprising a conveying member according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A printing apparatus comprising: a liquid composition applying means for applying a liquid composition to the contacted member; and the transport member according to claim 1 .

11. The liquid composition is applied to the contacted member. The printing apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the temperature of the surface layer is 40° C. or higher.

12. a contact member supplying means for supplying the contact member; a contact member recovery means for recovering the contact member; a conveying path along which the contacted member supplied from the contacted member supplying means is conveyed until it is collected by the contacted member collecting means, The printing apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the length of the contacted member in the transport direction is longer than the length of the transport path.

13. 13. The printing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the transport speed of the contacted member is 50 m / min or more.

Images