Switch

Abstract

To ensure attractive force at the beginning of closing operation without impairing operational stability.SOLUTION: A switchgear includes: a fixed core 8 formed by stacking a plurality of steel plates in a first direction; and a movable core 7 provided opposite to end faces of the plurality of steel plates of the fixed core 8. The movable core 7 is displaced relative to the fixed core 8 by magnetic force. The plurality of steel plates include a first steel plate 20 and a second steel plate 21, and a distance between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7 is shorter than a distance between the second steel plate 21 and the movable core 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a switch, and more particularly to a switch that opens and closes contacts by magnetic force.

Background Art

[0002] In a switch that opens and closes contacts by magnetic force, a closing operation is performed by using the attractive force due to the magnetic force between a movable iron core and a fixed iron core that acts when a voltage is applied.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes an electromagnet used in an electromagnetic contactor, which is an example of a switch that opens and closes contacts by magnetic force. The electromagnet described in Patent Document 1 includes a fixed iron core with an electromagnetic coil mounted thereon and a movable iron core that is attracted to the fixed iron core by excitation of the electromagnetic coil. Further, on one or both of the fixed iron core and the movable iron core, a magnetic leakage portion that extends through a gap to the side of the other iron core is integrally formed and protrudes. By providing such a magnetic leakage portion, a part of the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic coil is guided to the magnetic leakage portion during the attracting operation, and the attracting force when the iron cores come into contact with each other is suppressed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In a contactor that opens and closes contacts using magnetic force, an attractive force that exceeds the force of the opening spring, which applies a force to the movable core in the opposite direction to the displacement direction during closing so that the movable core and fixed core do not approach each other when no voltage is applied, is required during the closing operation. The larger the gap between the movable core and the fixed core, the smaller the attractive force acting on the movable core becomes. Therefore, when considering shortening the time it takes from receiving a closing command to completing closing, the issue is how to ensure an attractive force that exceeds the force of the opening spring in the early stages of the closing operation when the gap is large.

[0006] The electromagnet described in Patent Document 1 has a magnetic leakage part, which directs part of the magnetic force immediately before contact outward in the direction of movement of the movable core, thereby suppressing the overall magnetic force and reducing the collision speed between the cores, but does not take into consideration ensuring the magnetic force early, i.e., ensuring the magnetic force at the beginning of the closing operation. For example, paragraph 0009 of Patent Document 1 describes that the magnetic force is set to be the same as that of the conventional one until the stroke when the movable contact of the electromagnetic contactor starts to contact the fixed contact. Note that the conventional one here refers to a configuration without a magnetic leakage part.

[0007] Furthermore, the electromagnet described in Patent Document 1 has another problem in the following respect. In order to form a magnetic leakage portion, the electromagnet described in Patent Document 1 requires each steel plate of the fixed core, which is formed by fastening laminated steel plates with rivets, to be processed into a protruding shape extending to the side of the mating core, and manufacturing each steel plate is not easy. Furthermore, in order to form a fixed core by stacking steel plates having such a protruding shape, high precision is required for positioning each steel plate, so manufacturing the fixed core is not easy. If manufacturing errors in each steel plate or positioning errors occur when assembling the fixed core, for example, unevenness is created on the adsorption surface, making it easy for foreign matter to be mixed in, or the fixed core and the movable core may come into unintentional contact during closing operation, causing wear and deterioration, which may hinder the stability of the opening and closing operation. In a switch that is required to perform stable opening and closing operations for a long period of time, it is important that the switch is easy to manufacture, such as by not requiring complex processing or high-precision positioning, and that deterioration during operation is suppressed.

[0008] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a switch that can ensure an attractive force at the initial stage of the closing operation without inhibiting the stability of the operation.

[0009] The switch according to the present disclosure includes a first iron core formed by laminating a plurality of plates in a first direction, and a second iron core provided facing an end surface of the first iron core. The second iron core is displaced relative to the first iron core by a magnetic force. The plurality of plates include a first plate and a second plate, and before the closing operation, the distance between the first plate and the second iron core is shorter than the distance between the second plate and the second iron core.

Effect of the Invention

[0010] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to ensure an attractive force at the initial stage of the closing operation without inhibiting the stability of the operation.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

[0012] Hereinafter, the switch according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present disclosure, without distinguishing between the movable side and the fixed side, particularly, with respect to two cores provided at opposing positions, the core having a bypass portion described later may be referred to as the first core, and the core different from the first core may be referred to as the second core. Note that, examples of the switch include an electromagnetic contactor, an electromagnetic switch, and the like.

[0013] In the present disclosure, the plate has a plate shape. Here, the plate shape is a shape having two surfaces connected by one or more side surfaces. Hereinafter, the surfaces corresponding to the side surfaces and the surfaces of the plate shape will be referred to as end surfaces.

[0014] Embodiment 1. First, the configuration of the switch 100 according to Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the open-pole state of the switch 100 according to Embodiment 1. In FIG. 1, the direction from the front to the back of the paper surface is defined as the +X direction, the right direction is defined as the +Y direction, and the downward direction is defined as the +Z direction.

[0015] In FIG. 1, the switch 100 includes a housing 3 constituted by a top case 1 and a bottom case 2. The top case 1 houses a movable contact 4, fixed contacts 5A and 5B, and a contact pressure spring 6. The bottom case 2 houses a movable core 7, a fixed core 8, a coil 9, a coil bobbin 10, and a release spring 11. A cross bar 12 is disposed across the top case 1 and the bottom case 2. The top case 1 and the bottom case 2 are fixed by screws or by engaging irregularities formed on both cases.

[0016] Further, the movable core 7, the fixed core 8, the coil 9, and the release spring 11 constitute an electromagnet unit 50. Note that the illustrated form is merely an example, and the housing method of the electromagnet unit 50 is not limited to the above example.

[0017] In FIG. 1, the displacement direction of the movable core 7 is shown as the Z direction. The direction in which the movable core 7 approaches the fixed core 8 is shown as the +Z direction, and the direction in which the movable core 7 moves away from the fixed core 8 is shown as the -Z direction. Also, the lamination direction of each steel plate in the core having a steel plate lamination structure described later is shown as the X direction. It is also possible to refer to the lamination direction as the first direction. In the first embodiment, the switch 100 including the fixed core 8 as the first core and the movable core 7 as the second core will be described as an example.

[0018] The fixed core 8, which is the first core in this example, is formed by laminating a plurality of plates. In FIG. 1, the fixed core 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates in the X direction. The steel plates in this example are plate-shaped. The fixed core 8 is fastened, for example, with rivets 13. Note that the fastening positions by the rivets are not particularly limited, but it is preferable that there are a plurality of locations. In this example, the fixed core 8 is formed as an integrated steel plate lamination structure by fixing the plurality of laminated steel plates using four rivets 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D.

[0019] In FIG. 1, an example is shown in which the fixed core 8 has an E shape with three legs extending toward the movable core 7, which is the counterpart core. Here, the leg refers to a portion that extends in the direction of the counterpart core in at least one of the pair of cores. As will be described later, a suction surface is formed on the leg. Note that the shape of the fixed core 8 and the number of legs are not limited to the illustrated example. For example, the entire fixed core 8 may form one leg. It is also possible to regard the portion where the suction surface is formed as a leg.

[0020] Hereinafter, in the laminated core, the direction in which the plates are laminated (the X direction in the figure) may be referred to as the thickness direction. Further, hereinafter, when referring to the shape of the core without particular notice, it refers to the front shape of the core, more specifically, the shape of the plate disposed outermost in the laminated core. Hereinafter, the surface of the outermost plate may be referred to as the surface of the core. In the case of a laminated structure of a plurality of plates, one of the two surfaces may be referred to as the front and the other as the back. Also, the side surface or end surface is the surface perpendicular to the front of the core. In this example, it refers to the surface formed by the respective ends of the plurality of plates. Hereinafter, for convenience, in a front view, the displacement direction may be referred to as the vertical direction, and the direction orthogonal to the displacement direction may be referred to as the horizontal direction.

[0021] In the example shown in FIG. 1, each steel plate has an E shape, and the fixed core 8, which is a laminated structure of the steel plates, also has an E shape. Specifically, the fixed core 8 has an E shape including a central leg 8A as a leg portion and a pair of end legs 8B and 8C provided on both sides thereof. Details of the shape of the fixed core 8 and the plurality of plates constituting it will be described later. The fixed core 8 is arranged such that the lamination direction is orthogonal to the displacement direction.

[0022] The movable core 7, which is the core on the opposite side of the fixed core 8, is provided facing the end surface of the fixed core 8 formed by laminating a plurality of plates. More specifically, the movable core 7 is provided facing the end surface, which is the surface formed by the respective ends of the plurality of plates constituting the fixed core 8. Also, the movable core 7 is provided so as to be displaceable with respect to the fixed core 8. In this example, it is provided so as to be displaceable in the Z direction. Here, the Z direction may be the extending direction of the leg portions of the fixed core 8, for example, the central leg 8A and the end legs 8B and 8C. Alternatively, the Z direction may be the normal direction of the fixed core adsorption surface 31 described later.

[0023] The coil 9 is wound around the coil bobbin 10 and is installed on the central leg 8A of the fixed core 8 in a state of being wound around the coil bobbin 10. When a voltage is applied to the coil 9 to energize it, a magnetic flux is generated inside the coil 9.

[0024] The open spring 11 is disposed between the coil bobbin 10 and the movable iron core 7, and applies a pushing force in the -Z direction, which is the direction to pull the movable iron core 7 away from the fixed iron core 8.

[0025] The fixed contacts 5A and 5B are fixed to the bottom case 2 and are arranged to face the movable contact 4. Fixed contacts 15A and 15B are respectively brazed to the surfaces on the -Z direction side of the fixed contacts 5A and 5B.

[0026] The movable contact 4 is provided on the movable iron core 7 side, that is, the -Z direction side, of the fixed contacts 5A and 5B and faces the fixed contacts 5A and 5B. The movable iron core 7 is connected to one end of the cross bar 12 by the movable side pin 14. The movable contact 4 is supported at the other end of the cross bar 12. When the movable iron core 7 is displaced in the Z direction, the cross bar 12 connected to the movable iron core 7 is displaced, and the movable contact 4 fixed to the cross bar 12 is displaced in the Z direction, which is the displacement direction of the movable iron core 7. Movable contacts 16A and 16B are brazed to the lower surface of the movable contact 4, that is, the surface on the +Z direction side. The contact pressure spring 6 is connected to the upper surface of the movable contact 4, that is, the surface on the -Z direction side.

[0027] The contact pressure spring 6 is disposed in the inner space of the cross bar 12. The contact pressure spring 6 sandwiches the movable contact 4 between it and the cross bar 12 in a compressed state and supports the movable contact 4. One end of the contact pressure spring 6 on the +Z direction side is restricted in its movement range in the inner space of the cross bar 12 via the movable contact 4, and the other end on the -Z direction side is in contact with the inner space of the cross bar 12. When the movable iron core 7 connected to the crossbar 12 is displaced in the +Z direction, the movable contact 4 fixed to the crossbar 12 comes into contact with the fixed contacts 5A and 5B. That is, the movable contacts 16A and 16B come into contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B. Further, when the movable iron core 7 continues to be displaced in the +Z direction, the contact pressure spring 6 disposed in the inner space is compressed while the movable contacts 16A and 16B remain in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B. Here, when an electric current flows between the contacts of the movable contacts 16A and 16B and the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, an electromagnetic repulsive force that tries to separate the contacts from each other is generated. Due to this electromagnetic repulsive force, the movable contacts 16A and 16B try to move in a direction away from the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, but they are pressed against each other by the compressed contact pressure spring 6 so that the contacts do not float.

[0028] The switch 100 takes either a closed state in which the movable contacts 16A and 16B are in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B or an open state in which the movable contacts 16A and 16B are not in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B. When the movable iron core 7 is displaced from the open state in a direction approaching the fixed iron core 8, that is, in the +Z direction, the movable contact 4 is also displaced in the +Z direction, and eventually the movable contacts 16A and 16B come into contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, entering the closed state. When the movable iron core 7 continues to be displaced in the +Z direction, that is, toward the fixed iron core 8, from the state where the movable contacts 16A and 16B are in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, eventually the movable iron core 7 comes into contact with the fixed iron core 8. The state where the movable iron core 7 is in contact with the fixed iron core 8 is particularly called the adsorbed state among the closed states. The transition of the switch 100 from the closed state to the open state is called the opening operation, and the transition from the open state to the closed state is called the closing operation. Also, the open state where the movable contacts 16A and 16B are not in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B without energization may be called the state before the closing operation.

[0029] Regarding the example shown in FIG. 1, in order to prevent foreign matter from getting caught between the contacts, the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B of the switch 100 are installed parallel to the direction of gravity. Also, similar to the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B, the adsorption surfaces of the fixed core 8 and the movable core 7 of the switch 100 are installed parallel to the direction of gravity so that foreign matter does not get caught on the adsorption surface of the core. Here, the Y direction of the switch 100 is referred to as the direction of gravity.

[0030] Note that the direction of the gravitational direction does not necessarily have to be parallel to the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B. For example, the gravitational direction may be perpendicular to the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B, or the gravitational direction may be inclined with respect to the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B. Also, the direction of the gravitational direction does not necessarily have to be parallel to the adsorption surface of the core. For example, the gravitational direction may be perpendicular to the adsorption surface of the core. Also, the gravitational direction may be inclined with respect to the adsorption surface of the core. Also, since the switch 100 is merely an example, the directions of the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts 15A and 15B and the movable contacts 16A and 16B and the adsorption surface of the core do not necessarily have to be in the same direction.

[0031] Next, the configuration of the electromagnet section 50, particularly the fixed core 8, will be described in more detail. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the electromagnet section 50 in the open - pole state according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the electromagnet section 50 in the open - pole state according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the laminated structure of the fixed core 8 in the electromagnet section 50 in the open - pole state according to Embodiment 1. Note that in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the illustration of the coil 9 and the coil bobbin 10 is omitted. Also, although the fixed core 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates, the illustration of the laminated structure is omitted in FIGS. 2 and 3. Note that FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 illustrate the state where the coil 9 is not energized, particularly in the open - pole state.

[0032] The stationary core 8 is formed by laminating two types of steel plates with different overall lengths in the displacement direction, namely, a first steel plate 20 and a second steel plate 21. Here, the stationary core 8 in this example has a structure in which the first steel plate 20, the second steel plate 21, and a plurality of steel plates having the same shape as the second steel plate 21 are laminated.

[0033] The overall length of the first steel plate 20 in the Z direction, which is the displacement direction, is longer than the overall length of the second steel plate 21 in the displacement direction. Also, the thickness of the first steel plate 20 in the X direction, which is the lamination direction, is the same as the thickness of the second steel plate 21 in the lamination direction. The first steel plate 20 is arranged on the outermost +X direction side and the outermost -X direction side of the laminated structure of the stationary core 8, that is, the first steel plate 20 is arranged on the outermost side among the plurality of steel plates in the X direction, which is the lamination direction of the plurality of steel plates. The second steel plate 21 is arranged inside the first steel plate 20 of the laminated structure of the stationary core 8.

[0034] In the adsorbed state where the movable core 7 is in contact with the stationary core 8, the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41 are in contact. The stationary core adsorption surface 31 in this example is not limited to only the surface of the stationary core 8 in the range where the stationary core 8 is in contact with the movable core 7 in the adsorbed state, but is the end face of the stationary core including the surface in contact with the movable core 7. That is, the stationary core adsorption surface 31 is the surface on which the adsorption surface of the stationary core is formed. The stationary core adsorption surface 31 in this example is formed on the end face on the movable core 7 side, that is, the -Z direction side, which is formed by the second steel plate 21 excluding the first steel plate 20 and a plurality of steel plates having the same shape as the second steel plate 21.

[0035] The movable core adsorption surface 41 in this example is not limited to only the surface of the movable core 7 in the range where the movable core 7 is in contact with the stationary core 8 in the adsorbed state, but is the end face of the movable core including the surface in contact with the stationary core 8. That is, the movable core adsorption surface 41 is the surface on which the adsorption surface of the movable core 7 is formed.

[0036] The stationary core 8 has bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F that protrude toward the -Z direction side, that is, toward the movable core 7 side, with respect to the surface on which the adsorption surface of the stationary core 8 is formed. The bypass portion referred to in this example is a portion that protrudes toward the -Z direction side with respect to the stationary core adsorption surface 31 formed of a plurality of steel plates including the second steel plate 21 by arranging the first steel plate 20, whose overall length in the displacement direction is longer than that of the second steel plate 21, on the outermost side of the laminated structure. The bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F have a shape in which both end portions in the X direction protrude toward the -Z direction side with respect to the side surface shape of the stationary core 8 in the XZ plane. The stationary core 8 in the switch 100 is provided with bypass portions on its legs. On the central leg 8A of the stationary core 8, a bypass portion 30A is provided on the stationary core end face 32A on the -X direction side, and a bypass portion 30D is provided on the side of the stationary core end face 32B on the +X direction side. On the end leg 8B of the stationary core 8, a bypass portion 30B is provided on the stationary core end face 32A on the -X direction side, and a bypass portion 30E is provided on the side of the stationary core end face 32B on the +X direction side. On the end leg 8C of the stationary core 8, a bypass portion 30C is provided on the stationary core end face 32A on the -X direction side, and a bypass portion 30F is provided on the side of the stationary core end face 32B on the +X direction side. Therefore, the stationary core 8 in this example has a total of six bypass portions.

[0037] The thickness of the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F in the lamination direction is the thickness in the lamination direction of the portion that protrudes toward the movable core 7 side with respect to the surface on which the adsorption surface is formed. In FIG. 4, since the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F are formed by the first steel plate 20, the thickness of the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F in the lamination direction is the thickness of the steel plate forming the bypass portion, that is, the first steel plate 20.

[0038] Before the closing operation, that is, in the non-energized state, the distance relationship between the components of the electromagnet unit 50 will be described. Here, the distance between a certain component and a certain component shall indicate the minimum distance between the two components. The distances between the inner sides 33A and 33B of the bypass part and the movable core adsorption surface 41, that is, the distance L1 between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7, is shorter than the distance between the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41, that is, the distance L2 between the second steel plate 21 and the movable core 7. Note that the distance L2 can also be described as the distance between the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41. The distance L1 between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7 is the shortest among the distances between each plate included in the plurality of steel plates constituting the fixed core 8 and the movable core 7. The length L3 of the fixed core adsorption surface 31 in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, is longer than the length L4 of the movable core adsorption surface 41 in the X direction. The heights of the tip ends 34A and 34B of the bypass part with respect to the fixed core adsorption surface 31, that is, the distance L5 between the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the first steel plate 20, is the same as the height of the movable core adsorption surface 41 with respect to the fixed core adsorption surface 31, that is, the distance L2 between the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41.

[0039] Next, the flow of magnetic flux in the electromagnet unit 50 will be described. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the flow of magnetic flux in the electromagnet unit 50 in the open-pole state according to the first embodiment. Although the fixed core 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates, the illustration of the laminated structure is omitted in FIG. 5. Also, in FIG. 5, the illustration of the coil 9 and the coil bobbin 10 is omitted. When a voltage is applied to the coil 9, a magnetic flux 60A is generated inside the coil 9. When an alternating voltage is applied to the coil 9, the direction of the magnetic flux 60A periodically reverses depending on the positive and negative of the current. Here, the state where the magnetic flux 60A flows in the -Z direction through the central leg 8A of the fixed core 8 will be described.

[0040] The magnetic flux 60A flowing in the -Z direction through the central leg 8A of the fixed core 8 divides into two magnetic fluxes 601A and 602A. The magnetic fluxes 601A and 602A flow through the bypass portions 30A and 30D of the central leg 8A of the fixed core 8 respectively. Then, the two magnetic fluxes 601A and 602A flow through the gaps between the bypass portion 30A and the movable core end face 42A of the central leg 7A of the movable core 7, and between the bypass portion 30D and the movable core end face 42B of the central leg 7A of the movable core 7 respectively, and merge into the central leg 7A of the movable core 7 to become one magnetic flux 60A. Next, the magnetic flux 60A flowing in the -Z direction through the central leg 7A of the movable core 7 divides into two magnetic fluxes 60B and 60C. The magnetic fluxes 60B and 60C flow from the central leg 7A of the movable core 7 to the end legs 7B and 7C respectively.

[0041] The magnetic flux 60B flows in the +Z direction through the end leg 7B on the +Y direction side of the movable core 7 and divides into two magnetic fluxes 601B and 602B. Then, the magnetic fluxes 601B and 602B flow from the end leg 7B of the movable core 7 through the gaps to the bypass portions 30B and 30E of the end leg 8B on the +Y direction side of the fixed core 8 respectively. The magnetic fluxes 601B and 602B flowing in the +Z direction through the bypass portions 30B and 30E merge into one magnetic flux 60B. On the other hand, the magnetic flux 60C flows in the +Z direction through the end leg 7C on the -Y direction side of the movable core 7 and divides into two magnetic fluxes 601C and 602C. Then, the magnetic fluxes 601C and 602C flow from the end leg 7C of the movable core 7 through the gaps to the bypass portions 30C and 30F of the end leg 8C on the -Y direction side of the fixed core 8 respectively. The magnetic fluxes 601C and 602C flowing in the +Z direction through the bypass portions 30C and 30F merge into one magnetic flux 60C. The magnetic fluxes 60B and 60C flowing in the +Z direction through the end legs 8B and 8C of the fixed core 8 flow towards the central leg 8A of the fixed core 8 respectively and merge at the central leg 8A.

[0042] Here, the reason why the magnetic flux flows through the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F when flowing from the fixed core 8 to the movable core 7 or from the movable core 7 to the fixed core 8 will be explained. One reason is that the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F are made of iron. The relative permeability of iron is larger than that of air. The relative permeability of iron varies depending on the material and usage conditions, but for example, it is about 100 to 10,000 times that of air. Since the magnetic resistance is inversely proportional to the relative permeability, the magnetic fluxes 601A, 601B, 601C, 602A, 602B, and 602C easily flow through the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F which have a smaller magnetic resistance than air.

[0043] Another reason is that the distance between the movable core 7 and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F is shorter than the distance between the movable core adsorption surface 41 and the fixed core adsorption surface 31. When the magnetic flux flows through the gap between the fixed core 8 and the movable core 7, the smaller the gap, the smaller the magnetic resistance. Since the gap between the movable core 7 and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F is smaller than the gap between the movable core adsorption surface 41 and the fixed core adsorption surface 31, the magnetic fluxes 601A, 601B, 601C, 602A, 602B, and 602C easily flow through the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F.

[0044] Subsequently, the closing operation of the switch 100 will be described. When the coil 9 is energized, a magnetic flux is generated, and as described above, the magnetic flux flows through the fixed core 8 and the movable core 7. An attractive force that attracts the movable core 7 toward the fixed core 8 side, that is, in the +Z direction, acts on the movable core 7. On the other hand, the release spring 11 connected to the movable core 7 applies a force to push the movable core 7 in the -Z direction. Therefore, when the attractive force acting on the movable core 7 exceeds the force of the release spring 11, the movable core 7 starts to be displaced toward the fixed core 8.

[0045] Furthermore, when the movable iron core 7 is displaced in the +Z direction by the attractive force, the connected movable contact 4 is also displaced in the +Z direction, and eventually the movable contacts 16A and 16B come into contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B. When the movable iron core 7 is displaced in the +Z direction while the movable contacts 16A and 16B remain in contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, a force in the -Z direction acts on the movable iron core 7 by the compressed contact pressure spring 6. For this reason, a resultant force of the force of the release spring 11 and the force of the contact pressure spring 6 acts on the movable iron core 7 in the -Z direction.

[0046] Until the movable contacts 16A and 16B come into contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, the attractive force acting on the movable iron core 7 exceeds the force of the release spring 11, causing it to be displaced in the +Z direction. After the movable contacts 16A and 16B come into contact with the fixed contacts 15A and 15B, due to the inertial force and attractive force of the accelerated movable iron core 7, the release spring 11 and the contact pressure spring 6 continue to be compressed, causing the movable iron core 7 to continue to be displaced further in the +Z direction from the closed pole state, and eventually the movable iron core 7 is attracted to the fixed iron core 8.

[0047] FIG. 6 is a side view showing the magnetic flux flow in the closed pole state according to Embodiment 1. Note that FIG. 6 is a view seen from the +Y direction side toward the -Y direction side of the end legs 7B and 8B in a state immediately before the adsorption state in the closed pole state. Although the fixed iron core 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates, the illustration of the laminated structure is omitted in FIG. 6. As shown in FIG. 6, even in the closed pole state, magnetic fluxes 601B and 602B flow through the bypass portions 30A and 30D, but most of the magnetic flux becomes the magnetic flux 60B flowing from the movable iron core adsorption surface 41 to the fixed iron core adsorption surface 31. This is because the magnetic resistance becomes small due to the extremely small gap between the movable iron core adsorption surface 41 and the fixed iron core adsorption surface 31.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the attractive force acting on the movable core 7 according to Embodiment 1. In FIG. 7, curve 70 represents the data of the switch 100 according to Embodiment 1, and curve 80 represents the data of the switch of the comparative example. The switch of the comparative example includes a fixed core 8 that does not include bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents the distance between the movable core adsorption surface 41 and the fixed core adsorption surface 31, and the vertical axis represents the attractive force acting on the movable core 7. From FIG. 7, it can be seen that in the region where the distance between the movable core adsorption surface 41 and the fixed core adsorption surface 31 is large, that is, in the initial region of the closing operation, the switch 100 provided with the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F according to Embodiment 1 has a greater attractive force acting on the movable core 7 than the switch of the comparative example.

[0049] As described above, the switch 100 according to Embodiment 1 includes a fixed core 8 formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates in a first direction, and a movable core 7 provided facing an end surface of the fixed core 8. The movable core 7 is displaced relative to the fixed core 8 by magnetic force. The plurality of steel plates include a first steel plate 20 and a second steel plate 21. Before the closing operation, the distance L1 between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7 is shorter than the distance L2 between the second steel plate 21 and the movable core 7. That is, the first steel plate 20 has bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F protruding in the -Z direction. Thereby, the attractive force in the initial stage of the closing operation can be ensured. Further, since the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F are provided so as to extend in the Y direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the fixed core 8, it is not necessary to process a protruding shape on the end surface of each steel plate of the fixed core 8 facing the movable core 7. Therefore, the manufacture of each steel plate is easy. Furthermore, since there is no protruding shape on each steel plate, positioning is easy when laminating the steel plates to manufacture the fixed core 8, and the manufacture of the fixed core 8 is easy. That is, the switch 100 according to Embodiment 1 has good manufacturability.

[0050] By providing bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F to increase the attractive force acting on the movable iron core 7 at the initial stage of the closing operation, it is possible to reduce the amount of material used and the power supply capacity. In the case of a DC electromagnet, since the attractive force acting on the movable iron core 7 is proportional to the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the magnetic flux of the movable iron core 7 and the fixed iron core 8, the amount of material used can be reduced by reducing the cross-sectional areas of the movable iron core 7 and the fixed iron core 8 by the amount of increase in the attractive force. Also, the amount of material used can be reduced by reducing the number of turns of the coil 9 by the amount of increase in the attractive force of the movable iron core 7. Further, the power supply capacity can be reduced by reducing the current by the amount of increase in the attractive force of the movable iron core 7.

[0051] Since the first steel plate 20 forming the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F among the plurality of steel plates is arranged on the outermost side in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, the movable iron core adsorption surface 41 is less likely to come into contact with the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F. Thus, the possibility that the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F come into contact with the movable iron core adsorption surface 41 and get damaged can be reduced.

[0052] Since the distance L5 between the fixed iron core adsorption surface 31 and the first steel plate 20 forming the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F is the same as the distance L2 between the fixed iron core adsorption surface 31 and the movable iron core adsorption surface 41, when magnetic flux flows between the fixed iron core 8 and the movable iron core 7, the magnetic flux can flow more easily via the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F. Thereby, it is possible to make the attractive force at the initial stage of the closing operation larger.

[0053] The total length of the first steel plate 20 in the Z direction, which is the displacement direction of the movable iron core 7, is longer than the total length of the second steel plate 21 in the Z direction. This makes it easy to position for forming the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F during the manufacture of the fixed iron core 8. For example, if the total length of the first steel plate 20 is longer than the total length of the second steel plate 21, by positioning the steel plates at the end face on the +Z direction side, the first steel plate 20 protrudes to the -Z direction side from the second steel plate 21, making the positioning easy. Also, by positioning the steel plates at one end face, one end face of the fixed iron core 8 becomes a smooth surface, facilitating assembly with other components and the like.

[0054] The length L3 of the fixed iron core adsorption surface 31 in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, is longer than the length L4 of the movable iron core adsorption surface 41 in the X direction. This creates a gap between the side surface of the movable iron core 7 and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F of the fixed iron core 8 in the adsorbed state. Therefore, high precision is not required for positioning the fixed iron core 8 and the movable iron core 7. Also, even if the position of the movable iron core 7 shifts in the X direction due to manufacturing variations or opening and closing operations, it is difficult for the movable iron core 7 to contact the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F.

[0055] When the switch 100 defines the displacement direction of the movable iron core 7 as the Z direction, the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates of the fixed iron core 8, which is perpendicular to the Z direction, as the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Z direction and the X direction as the Y direction, it is installed such that the Y direction becomes the gravity direction. The bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F are provided to extend in the Y direction, which is perpendicular to the stacking direction of the steel plates. Therefore, even if the position of the movable iron core 7 shifts in the gravity direction due to the influence of gravity, the possibility of the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F contacting the movable iron core 7 is low.

[0056] Further, by providing bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F on the +X direction side and the -X direction side so as to extend in the Z direction, an uneven shape is not formed by the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F in the YZ plane. For example, when the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F are provided on the +X direction side and the -X direction side so as to extend in the Z direction, an uneven shape is formed by the fixed core adsorption surface 31 and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F in the YZ plane. When the Y direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the Z direction that is the displacement direction of the movable contacts 16A and 16B, is taken as the gravity direction, there is a risk that foreign matter may bite into the fixed core adsorption surface 31 due to the formation of this uneven shape. By providing the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F on the +X direction side and the -X direction side so as to extend in the Z direction, the possibility of foreign matter biting into the fixed core adsorption surface 31 can be reduced.

[0057] Further, by taking the Y direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the Z direction that is the displacement direction of the movable contacts 16A and 16B, as the gravity direction, it is difficult for foreign matter to adhere to the fixed contacts 15A, 15B and the movable contacts 16A, 16B even if the foreign matter falls in the gravity direction.

[0058] In the first embodiment, the fixed core 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates. However, for example, the fixed core 8 may be formed by cutting out a iron material by cutting or the like.

[0059] In the first embodiment, the movable core 7 is formed by cutting out an iron material by cutting or the like. However, the movable core 7 may be formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates.

[0060] In the first embodiment, the overall length of the first steel plate 20 in the displacement direction is longer than the overall length of the second steel plate 21 in the displacement direction. However, the overall length of the first steel plate 20 in the displacement direction may be the same as the overall length of the second steel plate 21 in the displacement direction. Further, the core may be formed by laminating only the first steel plate 20. In that case, for example, the steel plate is displaced and arranged in the displacement direction with respect to the surface forming the adsorption surface, and the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F are formed.

[0061] In the first embodiment, the movable iron core 7 and the fixed iron core 8 are made of iron, but for example, electromagnetic steel containing silicon or the like or a magnetic material other than iron may be used.

[0062] In the first embodiment, the E-shaped movable iron core 7 and fixed iron core 8 are used, but for example, I-shaped or U-shaped movable iron cores 7 and fixed iron cores 8 may be used. Here, similar to the first embodiment, in the I-shaped or U-shaped cases, at least one of the legs of at least one of the pair of iron cores has a bypass portion. For example, in the I-shaped iron core, there is one leg extending in the displacement direction, and that leg has a bypass portion. Also, for example, in the U-shaped iron core, there are two legs extending in the displacement direction, and at least one of those legs has a bypass portion.

[0063] In the first embodiment, the coil 9 is attached to the fixed iron core 8, but the coil 9 may be attached to the movable iron core 7. Also, the coil 9 may be attached to both the movable iron core 7 and the fixed iron core 8.

[0064] In the first embodiment, the coil 9 is provided only on the central leg 8A of the fixed iron core 8, but for example, it may be provided on either one of the end legs or on both of the end legs. That is, the coil 9 may be provided on at least one or more of the legs of the iron core.

[0065] In the first embodiment, a magnetic flux is generated by applying a voltage to the coil 9, but a magnetic flux may be generated using a magnetic flux generating means other than the coil 9. For example, a permanent magnet may be used.

[0066] To prevent abnormal noise when the movable iron core 7 is attracted to the fixed iron core 8, a damper coil may be incorporated in the fixed iron core 8.

[0067] In Embodiment 1, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F are provided on the fixed core 8, but the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F may be provided on the movable core 7. That is, a switch may be provided with the movable core 7 as the first core having a bypass portion and the fixed core 8 as the second core. Further, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F may be provided on both the fixed core 8 and the movable core 7. In this case, it is preferable to design such that the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F of the fixed core 8 and the 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F of the movable core 7 do not contact each other.

[0068] In Embodiment 1, the first steel plate 20 forming the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F among the plurality of steel plates is disposed on the outermost side in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates. However, the first steel plate 20 forming the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F does not necessarily have to be on the outermost side and may be disposed more inwardly.

[0069] In Embodiment 1, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C and the bypass portions 30D, 30E, 30F are formed by one of the first steel plates 20, but steel plates may be further stacked on the first steel plate 20 in the stacking direction to form the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C and the bypass portions 30D, 30E, 30F. Thereby, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F formed of a plurality of steel plates can ensure more strength.

[0070] Further, in Embodiment 1, the thickness of the first steel plate 20 and the thickness of the second steel plate 21 in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, are made the same, but the thickness of the first steel plate 20 in the stacking direction may be made thicker than the thickness of the second steel plate 21 in the stacking direction. Thereby, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F formed of the first steel plate 20 having a greater thickness can ensure more strength.

[0071] In Embodiment 1, the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F are provided on all of the central leg 8A and the end legs 8B and 8C of the stationary core 8. However, a certain effect can be obtained as long as they are provided on at least any one of the central leg 8A and the end legs 8B and 8C of the stationary core 8.

[0072] In Embodiment 1, the length L3 of the stationary core adsorption surface 31 in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, is longer than the length L4 of the movable core adsorption surface 41 in the X direction. However, the switch 100 can operate if the length L3 of the stationary core adsorption surface 31 in the X direction is the same as the length L4 of the movable core adsorption surface 41 in the X direction. That is, the length L3 of the stationary core adsorption surface 31 in the X direction, which is the stacking direction of the plurality of steel plates, may be equal to or longer than the length L4 of the movable core adsorption surface 41 in the X direction.

[0073] In Embodiment 1, in the open pole state, particularly when the coil 9 is de-energized, the distance L5 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the first steel plate 20 is the same as the distance L2 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41. However, the same effect can be obtained even if the distance L5 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the first steel plate 20 is longer than the distance L2 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41. That is, the distance L5 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the first steel plate 20 may be equal to or longer than the distance L2 between the stationary core adsorption surface 31 and the movable core adsorption surface 41.

[0074] In Embodiment 1, the switch 100 is installed such that the Y direction is the gravity direction. However, depending on the installation specifications and the state of the device to which the switch 100 is attached, the switch 100 may be installed such that a direction other than the Y direction is the gravity direction. For example, the X direction, the Z direction, or other directions may be the gravity direction.

[0075] Embodiment 2. Next, Embodiment 2 will be described. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the electromagnet portion 51 in the open pole state according to Embodiment 2. Note that the same components as those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted.

[0076] The switch 200 of Embodiment 2 is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C are provided only on the -X direction side of the fixed core 81.

[0077] Since the switch 200 of Embodiment 2 is provided with bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C only on the -X direction side of the fixed core 81, compared with the switch 100 of Embodiment 1 provided with bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F on both the +X direction side and the -X direction side of the fixed core 8, the positioning accuracy of the fixed core 81 and the movable core 7 for avoiding interference between the bypass portions 35A, 35B, 35C and the movable core 7 may be lower. Therefore, manufacturing becomes easier.

[0078] Generally, when designing the electromagnet portions 50 and 51, it is necessary to design the tolerance in consideration of variations in the plate thickness of each steel plate and the positioning accuracy of the fixed cores 8 and 81 and the movable core 7. Since the switch 100 of Embodiment 1 is provided with bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, and 30F on both the +X direction side and the -X direction side of the fixed core 8, it is necessary to design the dimensions of the electromagnet portion 50 in consideration of both the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C on the -X direction side and the bypass portions 30D, 30E, 30F on the +X direction side. On the other hand, since the switch 200 of Embodiment 2 is provided with bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C only on the -X direction side of the fixed core 81, it is only necessary to design the dimensions of the electromagnet portion 51 in consideration of only the bypass portions 30A, 30B, 30C on the -X direction side. Therefore, an increase in the dimensions of the electromagnet portion 51 due to the tolerance can be suppressed.

[0079] When the switch 100 of Embodiment 1 is installed such that gravity acts in the +X direction, if the position of the movable core 7 is displaced in the +X direction due to the influence of gravity, the movable core 7 may accidentally come into contact with the bypass portions 30D, 30E, and 30F. However, since the switch 200 of Embodiment 2 is provided with bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C only on the -X direction side, even if the position of the movable core 7 is displaced in the +X direction due to the influence of gravity, interference between the movable core 7 and the bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C can be avoided.

[0080] In Embodiment 2, the bypass portions 35A, 35B, and 35C are provided only on one side, i.e., the -X direction side of the fixed core 81. However, the bypass portion may be provided only on the +X direction side of the fixed core 81.

[0081] Embodiment 3. Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. FIG. 9 is a side view showing the laminated structure of the electromagnet portion 52 in the open - pole state according to Embodiment 3. The same components as those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted.

[0082] The switch 300 of Embodiment 3 is different from that of Embodiment 1 in that, in addition to the first steel plate 20 and the second steel plate 21, a third steel plate 22 is also used to form the fixed core 82. The overall length of the third steel plate 22 in the displacement direction is shorter than the overall length of the first steel plate 20 in the displacement direction and longer than the overall length of the second steel plate 21 in the displacement direction. Also, the distance between the third steel plate 22 and the movable core 7 is longer than the distance between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7 and shorter than the distance between the second steel plate 21 and the movable core 7. The third steel plate 22 is disposed between the first steel plate 20 and the second steel plate 21. Thereby, a bypass portion is formed in a stepped shape on the fixed core 82.

[0083] In the switch 300 of Embodiment 3, the plurality of plates of the fixed core 82 include the third steel plate 22, and the distance between the third steel plate 22 and the movable core 7 is longer than the distance between the first steel plate 20 and the movable core 7 and shorter than the distance between the second steel plate 21 and the movable core 7, so that the bypass portion is provided in a stepped shape. Thereby, it is possible to gradually increase the attractive force as the movable core 7 approaches the fixed - core adsorption surface 36.

[0084] In Embodiment 3, the fixed core 82 is formed of a total of three types of steel plates, i.e., the first steel plate 20, the second steel plate 21, and the third steel plate 22. However, the fixed core 82 may be formed of four or more types of steel plates.

[0085] Hereinafter, various aspects of the present disclosure will be collectively described as appendices.

[0086] (Appendix 1) A first iron core formed by laminating a plurality of plates in a first direction, and a second iron core provided facing an end surface of the first iron core. The second iron core is displaced relative to the first iron core by magnetic force, The plurality of plates include a first plate and a second plate, An opener / closer in which, before the closing operation, the distance between the first plate and the second iron core is shorter than the distance between the second plate and the second iron core. (Appendix 2) The opener / closer according to Appendix 1, wherein, before the closing operation, the distance between the first plate and the second iron core is the shortest among the distances between each plate included in the plurality of plates and the second iron core. (Appendix 3) The opener / closer according to Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein the first plate is disposed on the outermost side among the plurality of plates. (Appendix 4) The opener / closer according to any one of Appendices 1 to 3, wherein, before the closing operation, the distance between the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed and the first plate is equal to or less than the distance between the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed and the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed. (Appendix 5) The first iron core has a bypass portion that protrudes toward the second iron core side with respect to the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed, The opener / closer according to any one of Appendices 1 to 4, wherein the thickness of the bypass portion in the first direction is thicker than the thickness of the second plate in the first direction. (Appendix 6) The opener / closer according to any one of Appendices 1 to 5, wherein the overall length of the first plate in the displacement direction of the second iron core is longer than the overall length of the second plate in the displacement direction. (Appendix 7) The opener / closer according to any one of Appendices 1 to 6, wherein the length of the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed in the first direction is equal to or greater than the length of the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed in the first direction. (Appendix 8) The surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed is formed by the second plate, and the switch according to any one of Appendices 1 to 7 is characterized in that. (Appendix 9) The plurality of plates includes a third plate. Before the closing operation, the distance between the third plate and the second iron core is longer than the distance between the first plate and the second iron core, and shorter than the distance between the second plate and the second iron core, and the switch according to any one of Appendices 1 to 8 is characterized in that. (Appendix 10) The direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the second iron core is the first direction, and the switch according to any one of Appendices 1 to 9 is characterized in that. (Appendix 11) The direction perpendicular to the displacement direction and the first direction is the gravitational direction, and the switch according to Appendix 10 is characterized in that. (Appendix 12) The first iron core is a fixed iron core, and the second iron core is a movable iron core, and the switch according to any one of Appendices 1 to 11 is characterized in that.

Explanation of reference numerals

[0087] 1 Top case, 2 Bottom case, 3 Housing, 4 Movable contact, 5A, 5B Fixed contacts, 6 Contact pressure spring, 7 Movable iron core, 7A Central leg, 7B, 7C End legs, 8, 81, 82 Fixed iron cores, 8A Central leg, 8B, 8C End legs, 9 Coil, 10 Coil bobbin, 11 Release spring, 12 Cross bar, 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D Rivets, 14 Movable side pins, 15A, 15B Fixed contacts, 16A, 16B Movable contacts, 20 First steel plate, 21 Second steel plate, 22 Third steel plate, 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, 30E, 30F, 35A, 35B, 35C Bypass parts, 31, 36 Fixed iron core adsorption surfaces, 32A, 32B Fixed iron core end faces, 33A, 33B Inner sides of bypass parts, 34A, 34B Tips of bypass parts, 41 Movable iron core adsorption surface, 42A, 42B Movable iron core end faces, 50, 51, 52 Electromagnet parts, 60A, 60B, 60C, 601A, 601B, 601C, 602A, 602B, 602C Magnetic fluxes, 70, 80 Curves, 100, 200, 300 Switch

Claims

1. A first iron core formed by laminating a plurality of plates in a first direction, and a second iron core provided facing an end face of the first iron core, comprising: the second iron core is displaced relative to the first iron core by a magnetic force, the plurality of plates includes a first plate and a second plate, a switch in which, before the closing operation, the distance between the first plate and the second iron core is shorter than the distance between the second plate and the second iron core.

2. The switch according to claim 1, wherein, before the closing operation, the distance between the first plate and the second iron core is the shortest among the distances between each plate included in the plurality of plates and the second iron core.

3. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first plate is disposed outermost among the plurality of plates.

4. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, before the closing operation, the distance between the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed and the first plate is less than or equal to the distance between the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed and the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed.

5. The first iron core has a bypass portion protruding toward the second iron core side with respect to the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed, The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the thickness of the bypass portion in the first direction is thicker than the thickness of the second plate in the first direction.

6. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the overall length of the first plate in the displacement direction of the second iron core is longer than the overall length of the second plate in the displacement direction.

7. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the length of the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed in the first direction is greater than or equal to the length of the surface on which the adsorption surface of the second iron core is formed in the first direction.

8. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the surface on which the adsorption surface of the first iron core is formed is formed of the second plate.

9. The plurality of plates includes a third plate, The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, before the closing operation, the distance between the third plate and the second iron core is longer than the distance between the first plate and the second iron core and shorter than the distance between the second plate and the second iron core.

10. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction of the second iron core is the first direction.

11. The switch according to claim 10, wherein a direction perpendicular to the displacement direction and the first direction is the direction of gravity.

12. The switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first iron core is a fixed iron core and the second iron core is a movable iron core.

Images