Display device

Abstract

Provided is a display device having a contactless input function. This display device has: a first function that detects, with a light-receiving element, light emitted from a light source outside a display unit and shielded by an indicating object, and recognizes an indicating position of the indicating object; and a second function that detects, with the light-receiving element, light emitted from a light source outside or inside the display unit and reflected by the indicating object, and recognizes the indicating position of the indicating object. The display device is able to operate by switching between the first function and the second function in accordance with the intensity of the light emitted from the light source outside the display unit.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device.

[0002] Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field. Examples of the technical field of one embodiment of the present invention include a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a power storage device, a memory device, a lighting device, an input device (e.g., a touch sensor), an input / output device (e.g., a touch panel), an electronic device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof.

[0003] Note that in this specification and the like, a semiconductor device refers to any device that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics. A transistor and a semiconductor circuit are one embodiment of a semiconductor device. Further, a memory device, a display device, an imaging device, and an electronic device may include a semiconductor device. [Background technology]

[0004] In recent years, display devices have been used in a variety of applications. For example, applications of large display devices include home television devices, digital signage, PIDs (Public Information Displays), etc. Applications of small and medium-sized display devices include mobile information terminals such as smartphones and tablet terminals.

[0005] As a display device, for example, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting device has been developed. A light-emitting device utilizing the electroluminescence (hereinafter referred to as EL) phenomenon has characteristics such as being thin and lightweight, having a high-speed response, and being capable of being driven at a low voltage. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a flexible light-emitting device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2014-197522 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] As described above, electronic devices having a display device are used for various purposes, and therefore, it is desirable to provide them with high functionality. For example, by providing a user interface function, an imaging function, and the like, electronic devices with higher convenience can be realized. As a user interface, an input function such as a touch panel is often used.

[0008] Touch panels have the convenient function of allowing users to operate the panel by touching it with their fingers or other parts of their body. On the other hand, if the panel is located in a place where it is physically impossible to touch, it cannot be operated. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to adequately manage the hygiene of the panel surface (for example, the adhesion of dirt, bacteria, or viruses).

[0009] Therefore, an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide an electronic device having a contactless input function, to provide an electronic device having a light detection function, to provide a novel electronic device, or to provide a novel semiconductor device or the like.

[0010] Note that the description of these problems does not preclude the existence of other problems. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily solve all of these problems. Note that problems other than these will become apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract problems other than these from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including a light-receiving device in a display portion, and an electronic device including the display device.

[0012] One aspect of the present invention is a display device having a display section with multiple light-emitting devices and multiple light-receiving devices, and has a first function of recognizing the pointing position of the pointing object by detecting light attenuated by being blocked by the pointing object with the light-receiving device when a pointing object is on the display section, and a second function of emitting light from the light-emitting device and detecting light reflected by the pointing object with the light-receiving device to recognize the pointing position of the pointing object.

[0013] The display device can be switched between operating as a first function and a second function depending on the intensity of light detected by the light receiving device when the light emitting device is not emitting light.

[0014] The light emitted from the light emitting device may be infrared light.

[0015] In a first function, the display device can recognize a second region and its vicinity surrounded by a first region in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity equal to or greater than a first intensity is provided, and in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity smaller than the first intensity is provided, as the pointing position of the pointing object.

[0016] In addition, in the second function, the display device can recognize a fourth region surrounded by a third region in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity equal to or less than the second intensity is provided, and in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity greater than the second intensity is provided, and its vicinity, as the pointing position of the pointing object.

[0017] The light-receiving device preferably has a photoelectric conversion layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer preferably contains an organic compound.

[0018] The display portion has a display device, and the display device can emit any of red, green, blue, or white light.

[0019] In the second function, it is preferable that the light detection operation by the light receiving device is performed when the display device is in a non-light emitting operation.

[0020] The display device and the light receiving device have a diode configuration, and the cathode of the display device and the anode of the light receiving device can be electrically connected, or the cathode of the display device and the cathode of the light receiving device can be electrically connected.

[0021] The display device and the light receiving device are electrically connected to a plurality of transistors, at least one of which has a metal oxide in a channel formation region, and the metal oxide preferably has In, Zn, and M (M is Al, Ti, Ga, Ge, Sn, Y, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, or Hf).

[0022] The pointed position of the pointing object can be recognized even if it is not in contact with the display unit.

[0023] Another embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device that includes the above display device and an optical sensor, and switches an operation of detecting a position pointed to by a pointing object depending on the intensity of light detected by the optical sensor. Effect of the Invention

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display device having a contactless input function can be provided. Alternatively, a display device having a light detection function can be provided. Alternatively, a novel display device can be provided. Alternatively, a novel semiconductor device or the like can be provided.

[0025] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. Effects other than these can be extracted from the description in the specification, drawings, and claims. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electronic device. 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating an electronic device. Fig. 3A is a diagram illustrating an electronic device, and Fig. 3B is a diagram illustrating a non-display state (black insertion). 4A to 4D are diagrams for explaining imaging data (images) acquired by the display unit. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a display device. 6A to 6K are diagrams illustrating sub-pixels. Fig. 7A is a diagram illustrating a display device, and Fig. 7B and Fig. 7C are diagrams illustrating sub-pixels. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the display device. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the display device. 10A to 10C are cross-sectional views illustrating a display device. 11A and 11B are cross-sectional views illustrating a display device. 12A and 12B are cross-sectional views illustrating the display device. 13A and 13B are cross-sectional views illustrating a display device. FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating the display device. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display device. 16A and 16B are cross-sectional views illustrating a display device. Fig. 17A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display device, and Fig. 17B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a transistor. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a display device. 19A to 19D are diagrams illustrating a pixel circuit. FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a pixel circuit. FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a pixel circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description, and it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the form and details of the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not interpreted as being limited to the description of the embodiments shown below. In the configuration of the invention described below, the same reference numerals are used in common between different drawings for the same parts or parts having similar functions, and repeated explanations may be omitted. In addition, hatching of the same elements constituting the drawings may be omitted or changed as appropriate between different drawings.

[0028] In addition, even if a circuit diagram shows a single element, the element may be configured as a plurality of elements as long as there is no functional problem. For example, a plurality of transistors operating as a switch may be connected in series or parallel. A capacitor may also be divided and placed in multiple positions.

[0029] In addition, one conductor may have multiple functions such as wiring, electrode, and terminal, and in this specification, multiple names may be used for the same element. Even if elements are shown as being directly connected to each other on a circuit diagram, the elements may actually be connected to each other via one or more conductors, and in this specification, such a configuration is also included in the category of direct connection.

[0030] (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0031] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device that can perform an input operation regardless of whether it is a contact or non-contact type. The display device has a display device (also referred to as a display element), a light-emitting device (also referred to as a light-emitting element), and a light-receiving device (also referred to as a light-receiving element) in a display portion.

[0032] The display device has a first function of recognizing the position pointed to by the pointing object by detecting light, which is irradiated from a light source outside the display unit and blocked by the pointing object with a light receiving device, and a second function of recognizing the position pointed to by the pointing object by detecting light, which is irradiated from a light source inside or outside the display unit and reflected by the pointing object with a light receiving device.

[0033] The display device can switch between the first function and the second function depending on the intensity of light emitted from a light source outside the display unit. In other words, the position pointed to by the pointing object on the display unit can be recognized regardless of the ambient illuminance.

[0034] FIG. 1 illustrates an electronic device 30 including a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In FIG. 1, a smartphone is shown as an example of electronic device 30, but the functions of electronic device 30 are not particularly limited, and examples include electronic devices with relatively large screens such as television devices, desktop or notebook computers, tablet computers, computer monitors, digital signage, large game machines such as pachinko machines, as well as digital cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, portable game machines, personal digital assistants, and audio playback devices.

[0036] The electronic device 30 may have sensors (including sensors that can detect force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, geomagnetism, temperature, chemicals, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor, or infrared light).

[0037] By using these sensors, the input function of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be switched or corrected. For example, the input method of the display device can be switched depending on a change in illuminance detected by an optical sensor included in the electronic device 30. In addition, the angle and orientation of the display device can be detected using a tilt sensor 87 (for example, a combination of an acceleration sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, and the like) included in the electronic device 30, and the input can be corrected.

[0038] The electronic device 30 can have various functions, such as a function to display various information (still images, videos, text images, etc.) on a display unit, a function to display a calendar, date, or time, a function to execute various software (programs), a wireless communication function, a function to read out programs or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like.

[0039] The electronic device 30 also includes a display unit 61, a housing 62, a camera 63, a light sensor 64, a power button 65, a button 66, a speaker 67, a microphone 68, a light source 69, and a tilt sensor 87. Although a configuration in which a plurality of buttons 66 are provided is illustrated in Fig. 1, this is not limiting. For example, a configuration in which a single button 66 is provided may be used.

[0040] 1 shows a state in which a pointing object 81 is located between a display unit 61 and a light source 82 of a display device included in the electronic device 30, and a part of a shadow 83 of the pointing object 81 falls on an icon 71 displayed on the display unit 61. The light source 82 may be a light source capable of emitting light with an illuminance that generates a shadow of the pointing object 81, such as a light bulb, a fluorescent lamp, an LED, sunlight, or reflected light thereof, as long as it can emit light of a wavelength to which the light receiving device included in the display unit 61 is sensitive. As the light, for example, visible light, infrared light, or light including both visible light and infrared light can be used.

[0041] The pointing object is an object for giving a pointing action to a target object, and here, a finger is exemplified. As the pointing object 81, a pen, a stylus, or a body part other than a finger that can block light can also be used. In addition, it is preferable that the surface of the object is capable of reflecting light.

[0042] The display device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a light receiving function in the display unit 61, and can detect the position and shape of the shadow 83 of the pointing object 81 by using the light receiving function, thereby recognizing the pointed position on the display unit 61. The display device can display the pointer 72 at the recognized pointed position, for example. The user can visually recognize the pointed position by the pointer 72, and can easily select the icon 71, for example. Furthermore, when the light emitted by the light source 82 is infrared light, the display of the pointer 72 is particularly effective because the shadow 83 cannot be visually recognized.

[0043] The shadow 83 is not uniform due to the positional relationship between the display unit 61, the pointing object 81, and the light source 82, and as shown in FIG. 2A, light and shade occur. In general, the light source 82 is located at a distance greater than the distance between the display unit 61 and the pointing object 81, and when the light emitted by the light source 82 is irradiated onto the pointing object 81, diffraction occurs at the end of the light source 82. Therefore, the end of the shadow becomes lighter. It can also be said that the diffraction of light makes the shadow of the part of the pointing object 81 close to the display unit 61 darker, and the shadow of the part of the pointing object 81 relatively farther away lighter. The shadow 83 occurs when the light is blocked by the pointing object 81 between the light source 82 and the light source 82, but as described above, the light is diffracted and the light is not completely blocked. In other words, the part of the shadow 83 can be said to be an area irradiated with attenuated light.

[0044] Therefore, the entire dark part 84 of the shadow, the center or center of gravity of the dark part 84, or the vicinity thereof can be recognized as the pointed position, and the pointer 72 can be displayed. Note that, in some cases, the entire shadow 83 may be recognized as the pointed position.

[0045] The user can operate the pointer 72 by moving the pointing object 81. For example, a tap operation or a hold operation on the touch panel can be performed by moving the pointing object 81 up and down to change the area or density of the dark part 84 of the shadow. Also, as shown in FIG. 2B, a swipe operation can be performed by moving the pointer 72 following a hold operation. In other words, the display on the display unit 61 can be changed by moving the pointing object 81.

[0046] Changing the display includes, for example, the action of moving the pointing object 81 to start a program, scroll the screen, project a photo or video onto the display unit, temporarily turn off the display unit 61, switch the image being displayed on the display unit 61, or turn off the display device.

[0047] 3A , the display device of one embodiment of the present invention has a light-emitting function in the display unit 61, and can recognize the pointed position of the pointing object 81 by irradiating light 21 to the pointing object 81 with the light-emitting function and receiving reflected light 22 with the light-receiving function. As in the case of detecting the position of the shadow 83, a pointer 72 can be displayed at the pointed position of the display unit 61 that has been recognized.

[0048] The function of emitting light 21 from the display unit 61 and receiving reflected light 22 in this manner is effective in environments where there is no light source that irradiates sufficient light onto the display unit 61. For example, this function can be used outdoors at night, indoors where there is insufficient illuminance, or when there is backlighting.

[0049] The light 21 is preferably infrared light. Since infrared light is invisible light, it does not impede the visibility of the display. As infrared light, near infrared light to far infrared light can be used, but since far infrared light can be affected by heat sources and the like, it is preferable to use light having a peak in near infrared light (wavelength 720 to 2500 nm).

[0050] Moreover, it is preferable that the irradiation of infrared light (light 21) from display unit 61 and the reception of light 22 in display unit 61 are performed during a period when display unit 61 is in a non-display state (also referred to as black display or black insertion). In a display method using a display device such as an organic EL element or a liquid crystal element, a period of non-display state (insertion of image PB in all-black display) is provided between each of the images (images P1, P2, and P3) of successive frames as shown in FIG. 3B in order to prevent image retention.

[0051] Since the light receiving device included in the display unit 61 has sensitivity to visible light and infrared light, the light (visible light) emitted from the display device becomes noise. Therefore, it is preferable that the light emitting operation and the light receiving operation of the display unit 61 are performed during the period when the display unit 61 is not displayed.

[0052] As described above, the electronic device 30 according to one embodiment of the present invention uses a light-receiving device to optically perform operations equivalent to touch operations on a touch panel, allowing for contactless operation. This allows operation of the electronic device 30 even when the display device 31 is out of reach. In addition, since there is no need to directly touch the display unit 61 or other parts of the body, the electronic device can be used hygienically.

[0053] 1 to 3, the shadow or reflected light is detected by the light receiving device, but in actual operation, first, imaging data is acquired over almost the entire area of ​​the display unit 61. Then, the position and shape of the part corresponding to the shadow or reflected light is extracted from the imaging data.

[0054] Figures 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining the extraction of a shadow. Figure 4A shows a state in which a pointing object 81 is placed on the display unit 61, and a light source 82 is placed further above it. Figure 4B shows imaging data obtained in the state of Figure 4A.

[0055] The imaging data shown in Fig. 4B corresponds to an image. The entire image is divided into an area 91 where light is blocked by the pointing object 81 and the other area 90. Area 91 is imaged as an area that is darker than area 90. Area 91 can be further divided into a dark area 92, a bright area 93, and the like.

[0056] The dark portion 92 and the light portion 93 are generated by the above-mentioned diffraction of light, and the dark portion 92 can be regarded as the darkest shadow area (the portion of the pointing object 81 that is closest to the display unit 61). Therefore, the dark portion 92, the center or center of gravity of the dark portion 92, or the vicinity thereof can be regarded as the pointing position.

[0057] In other words, a second region surrounded by a first region in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity equal to or greater than a first intensity is provided, and in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity smaller than the first intensity is provided, and its vicinity can be recognized as the pointing position of the pointing object 81.

[0058] In the next step, similar imaging data is acquired, and the movement or change in area of ​​the dark portion 92 is detected to link operations such as holding and tapping. Note that operations such as swiping and scrolling may be performed by detecting the movement of the entire area 91.

[0059] Also, as shown in Fig. 4B, for example, the position of area 91 or dark area 92 may be corrected to a different position (position A). Depending on the orientation of the display device relative to the light source and the inclination during use, a shadow may appear in a position different from that perceived by the user. In such a case, the inclination and direction of the display device can be detected by the inclination sensor 87 of the electronic device, and the above correction can be made according to that information. By the above correction, the pointer 72 can be displayed at position A, improving operability for the user.

[0060] Fig. 4C and Fig. 4D are diagrams for explaining extraction of reflected light. Fig. 4C shows a state in which a pointing object 81 is placed on the display unit 61 and a light source in the display unit 61 is emitting light. Fig. 4D shows imaging data obtained in the state of Fig. 4C.

[0061] The imaging data shown in Fig. 4D corresponds to an image. The entire image is divided into an area 96 that is irradiated with light by pointing object 81 and receives the reflected light, and the other area 95. Area 96 is imaged as a bright area compared to area 95. Area 96 can be further divided into bright areas 97, dark areas 98, and the like.

[0062] The bright portion 97 and the dark portion 98 are generated by attenuation of light reaching the pointing object 81 from the light source and attenuation of light reflected from the pointing object 81 and reaching the light receiving device, and it can be assumed that the bright portion 97 is the area where the reflected light is strongest (the part of the pointing object 81 that is closest to the display unit 61). Therefore, the bright portion 97, the center or center of gravity of the bright portion 97, or the vicinity thereof can be set as the pointing position.

[0063] In other words, a second area surrounded by a first area in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity equal to or less than the second intensity is provided, and in which a light receiving device that detects light of an intensity greater than the second intensity is provided, and its vicinity can be recognized as the pointing position of the pointing object 81.

[0064] In the next step, similar imaging data is acquired, and the movement or change in area of ​​the bright portion 97 is detected to link operations such as holding and tapping. Note that operations such as swiping and scrolling may be performed by detecting the movement of the entire area 96.

[0065] Although not shown, the position of the bright portion 97 etc. can be corrected in the same manner as in FIG. 4B, and the pointer 72 can be displayed at the corrected position.

[0066] The display device can switch between a first function that detects the pointed position of the pointing object 81 using a shadow cast on the display unit, and a second function that detects the pointed position using reflected light. For example, the display device can perform control such as detecting light irradiated from a light source outside the display unit with a light receiving device, and performing a detection operation using the first function when light of a predetermined intensity is detected, and performing a detection operation using the second function when light of a lower intensity is detected. A similar operation may be performed by an optical sensor included in the electronic device.

[0067] 5 is a diagram illustrating a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention. A pixel 10 can have subpixels 11, 12, and 13. For example, the subpixel 11 has a function of emitting light for display. The subpixel 12 has a function of emitting light to be irradiated onto a pointing object. The subpixel 13 has a function of detecting the light emitted by the subpixel 12 and reflected by the pointing object.

[0068] In this specification, the smallest unit within a single "pixel" at which independent operation can be performed is defined as a "sub-pixel" for convenience in the following explanation; however, "pixel" may be replaced with "region" and "sub-pixel" may be replaced with "pixel".

[0069] Sub-pixel 11 has a display device that emits visible light, and sub-pixel 12 has a light-emitting device that emits infrared light.

[0070] As the display device and the light-emitting device, it is preferable to use an EL element such as an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or a QLED (Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode). Examples of the light-emitting material that the EL element has include a material that emits fluorescence (fluorescent material), a material that emits phosphorescence (phosphorescent material), a material that exhibits thermally activated delayed fluorescence (thermally activated delayed fluorescence: TADF material), an inorganic compound (quantum dot material, etc.), etc. Also, an LED such as a micro LED (Light Emitting Diode) can be used as the light-emitting device.

[0071] The subpixel 13 has a light receiving device that is sensitive to visible light and infrared light. The light receiving device may be a photoelectric conversion element that detects incident light and generates an electric charge. The amount of electric charge generated by the light receiving device is determined based on the amount of incident light. For example, a pn-type or pin-type photodiode may be used as the light receiving device.

[0072] As the light receiving device, it is preferable to use an organic photodiode having an organic compound in a photoelectric conversion layer. Organic photodiodes can be easily made thin, lightweight, and large in area. In addition, they have a high degree of freedom in shape and design, so they can be applied to various display devices. Alternatively, photodiodes using crystalline silicon (single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, microcrystalline silicon, etc.) can also be used as the light receiving device.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, an organic EL element is used as the light-emitting device, and an organic photodiode is used as the light-receiving device. Many layers of an organic photodiode can be configured in common with an organic EL element. Therefore, the light-receiving device can be built into a display device without significantly increasing the number of manufacturing steps. For example, the photoelectric conversion layer of the light-receiving device and the light-emitting layer of the light-emitting device may be separately manufactured, and the other layers may be configured in the same manner for the light-emitting device and the light-receiving device.

[0074] The circuit 15 and the circuit 16 are driver circuits for driving the sub-pixels 11 and 12. The circuit 15 can function as a source driver, and the circuit 16 can function as a gate driver. The circuit 15 and the circuit 16 can be, for example, a shift register circuit.

[0075] The driving circuits for the sub-pixels 11 and 12 may be separate. Since the main function of the sub-pixels 12 is to irradiate light onto the pointing object 81, all the sub-pixels 12 in the pixel array 14 may emit light of the same luminance. Therefore, instead of using a highly functional sequential circuit for the circuits corresponding to the source driver and gate driver, a simplified circuit may be used.

[0076] The circuit 17 and the circuit 18 are driver circuits for driving the subpixel 13. The circuit 17 can function as a column driver, and the circuit 18 can function as a row driver. For the circuit 17 and the circuit 18, for example, a shift register circuit or a decoder circuit can be used.

[0077] The circuit 19 is a readout circuit for data output by the subpixel 13. The circuit 19 has, for example, an A / D conversion circuit and has a function of converting analog data output from the subpixel 13 into digital data. The circuit 19 may also include a CDS circuit that performs correlated double sampling processing on the output data.

[0078] The sub-pixels 12 and 13 can function as an input interface. Visible light, infrared light, or light containing visible light and infrared light emitted from an external light source can be received by the sub-pixels 13. Alternatively, infrared light can be emitted from the sub-pixels 12, and the sub-pixels 13 can receive reflected light from a pointing object close to the display device. Therefore, by setting a threshold value for the amount of light received detected by the sub-pixels 13, it is possible to make the sub-pixels 12 and 13 function as a sensor switch. This makes it possible to realize a function equivalent to a touch sensor without contact. Also, operations such as a pointer can be performed with or without contact.

[0079] In addition, the light receiving device can be used to obtain image data of a fingerprint, palm print, iris, or the like. In other words, a biometric authentication function can be added to the display device. Note that the image data may be obtained by bringing a pointing object into contact with the display device.

[0080] In addition, imaging data such as the user's facial expression, eye movement, or change in pupil diameter can be obtained using the light receiving device. By analyzing the image data, the user's mental and physical information can be obtained. Based on the information, the display device can perform operations suited to the user's mental and physical state, such as changing one or both of the display and sound output. These operations are effective for devices for VR (Virtual Reality), AR (Augmented Reality), or MR (Mixed Reality), for example.

[0081] 6A to 6G are diagrams illustrating examples of the layout of sub-pixels in a pixel 10. As shown in Fig. 6A and Fig. 6B, the sub-pixels may be arranged in the horizontal direction (the direction in which the gate lines extend), or as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6C, and Fig. 6D, the sub-pixels may be arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions (the direction in which the source lines extend).

[0082] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6E and FIG. 6F, one pixel 10 may not have a sub-pixel 13 or a sub-pixel 12. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 6H, the pixel 10 shown in FIG. 6E and the pixel 10 shown in FIG. 6F may be arranged alternately. Furthermore, a pixel 10 consisting of only the sub-pixel 11 shown in FIG. 6G may be used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6I, a configuration may be used in which a plurality of pixels 10 shown in FIG. 6G are provided between the pixel 10 shown in FIG. 6E and the pixel 10 shown in FIG. 6F. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 6H or FIG. 6I, the total number of sub-pixels 11 can be made larger than the total number of sub-pixels 12 and sub-pixels 13, thereby improving the display quality.

[0083] On the other hand, when the pixels 10 shown in Figures 6E to 6G are used, the number of light sources and light receiving devices for irradiating the pointing object is reduced, so that the sensitivity of detecting the pointing object may be reduced. Therefore, the configuration and arrangement of the sub-pixels may be considered according to the purpose. Note that, in the arrangement shown in Figure 6H or Figure 6I, the number of pixels 10 in Figure 6E and the number of pixels 10 in Figure 6F do not have to be the same.

[0084] The subpixel 11 may be configured to emit monochromatic light, or may be a collection of subpixels emitting different colors as shown in Figures 6J and 6K. Figure 6J shows an example in which the subpixel 11 is configured with a subpixel 11R having a light-emitting device that emits red light, a subpixel 11G having a light-emitting device that emits green light, and a subpixel 11B having a light-emitting device that emits blue light. Using the subpixels 11 with this configuration allows for color display.

[0085] Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 6K, a sub-pixel 11W having a light-emitting device that emits white light may be provided. Since the sub-pixel 11W can emit white light by itself, when displaying white or a color close to white, the emission luminance of the sub-pixels of other colors can be suppressed. Therefore, display can be performed with reduced power consumption.

[0086] 7A, a display device may be constructed with sub-pixels 11 and 13 as the basic components of pixel 10. In this case, light source 12E for irradiating a pointing object is provided outside pixel array 14 (display unit). An LED that emits high-luminance near-infrared light can be used as light source 12E. Since light source 12E is provided outside pixel array 14, it can be turned on by a control separate from that of the display device. As shown in the arrangement examples of FIGS. 7B and 7C, sub-pixel 12 is not necessary and the number of sub-pixels 13 can be increased, thereby improving the sensitivity of pointing object detection.

[0087] Note that the arrangement position and the number of light sources 12E shown in FIG. 7A are merely an example and are not limited thereto. The light source 12E can be an element of a device having the display device of one embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, the light source 12E may be a device other than the device having the display device of one embodiment of the present invention. For example, the light source 69 included in the electronic device 30 shown in FIG. 1 can be used as the light source 12E.

[0088] The configuration of the pixels and sub-pixels is not limited to the above, and various arrangements can be adopted.

[0089] Next, a more specific example of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0090] 8 and 9 are schematic cross-sectional views of a display device 50A according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 shows a configuration in which light 21 emitted by the display device 50A is irradiated onto a pointing object 81, and the reflected light 22 is received by the display device 50A. Fig. 9 shows a configuration in which light 23 emitted by a light source 82 and attenuated by being blocked by the pointing object 81 is received by the display device 50A.

[0091] The display device 50A has a light receiving device 110, a light emitting device 190, and a display device 180. The light receiving device 110 corresponds to an organic photodiode included in the subpixel 13. The light emitting device 190 corresponds to an organic EL element (emitting infrared light) included in the subpixel 12. The display device 180 corresponds to an organic EL element (emitting visible light) included in the subpixel 11.

[0092] The organic EL element (display device 180) of subpixel 11 and the organic EL element (light-emitting device 190) of subpixel 12 can have the same configuration except for the light-emitting layer. Therefore, the light-emitting device 190 will be described in detail here, and the description of the display device 180 will be omitted.

[0093] The light receiving device 110 has a pixel electrode 111, a common layer 112, a photoelectric conversion layer 113, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115. The light emitting device 190 has a pixel electrode 191, a common layer 112, a light emitting layer 193, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115. The display device 180 has a light emitting layer 183 different from the light emitting layer 193.

[0094] The pixel electrode 111, the pixel electrode 191, the common layer 112, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, the light-emitting layer 193, the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 may each have a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure.

[0095] The pixel electrode 111 and the pixel electrode 191 are located on an insulating layer 214. The pixel electrode 111 and the pixel electrode 191 can be formed of the same material in the same process.

[0096] The common layer 112 is located on the pixel electrodes 111 and 191. The common layer 112 is a layer that is used in common by the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190.

[0097] The photoelectric conversion layer 113 has a region overlapping with the pixel electrode 111 via the common layer 112. The light-emitting layer 193 has a region overlapping with the pixel electrode 191 via the common layer 112. The photoelectric conversion layer 113 has a first organic compound. The light-emitting layer 193 has a second organic compound different from the first organic compound.

[0098] The common layer 114 is located on the common layer 112, on the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and on the light-emitting layer 193. The common layer 114 is a layer used in common by the light-receiving device 110 and the light-emitting device 190.

[0099] The common electrode 115 has an area overlapping with the pixel electrode 111 via the common layer 112, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the common layer 114. The common electrode 115 also has an area overlapping with the pixel electrode 191 via the common layer 112, the light-emitting layer 193, and the common layer 114. The common electrode 115 is a layer used in common by the light-receiving device 110 and the light-emitting device 190.

[0100] In the display device of the present embodiment, an organic compound is used for the photoelectric conversion layer 113 of the light-receiving device 110. The layers of the light-receiving device 110 other than the photoelectric conversion layer 113 can have a common configuration with the light-emitting device 190 (organic EL element). Therefore, the light-receiving device 110 can be formed in parallel with the formation of the light-emitting device 190 by simply adding a process of forming the photoelectric conversion layer 113 to the manufacturing process of the light-emitting device 190. In addition, the light-emitting device 190 and the light-receiving device 110 can be formed on the same substrate. Therefore, the light-receiving device 110 can be built into the display device without significantly increasing the number of manufacturing processes.

[0101] In the display device 50A, the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 can have a common configuration, except that the photoelectric conversion layer 113 of the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting layer 193 of the light emitting device 190 are separately manufactured. However, the configuration of the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 is not limited to this. The light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 may have layers separately manufactured from each other in addition to the photoelectric conversion layer 113 and the light emitting layer 193 (see display devices 50C, 50D, and 50E described later). It is preferable that the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 have one or more layers used in common (common layers). This allows the light receiving device 110 to be built into the display device without significantly increasing the number of manufacturing steps.

[0102] The display device 50A has a light receiving device 110, a light emitting device 190, a transistor 41, a transistor 42, and the like between a pair of substrates (substrate 151 and substrate 152).

[0103] In the light receiving device 110, the common layer 112, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the common layer 114, which are located between the pixel electrode 111 and the common electrode 115, respectively, can be called organic layers (layers containing an organic compound). The pixel electrode 111 preferably has a function of reflecting visible light and infrared light. The common electrode 115 has a function of transmitting visible light and infrared light.

[0104] The light receiving device 110 has a function of detecting light. Specifically, the light receiving device 110 is a photoelectric conversion element that converts incident light 22 (visible light, infrared light, or light including both visible light and infrared light) into an electric signal.

[0105] A light-shielding layer 148 is provided on the surface of the substrate 152 facing the substrate 151. The light-shielding layer 148 has openings at a position overlapping the light-receiving device 110 and a position overlapping the light-emitting device 190. By providing the light-shielding layer 148, the range in which the light-receiving device 110 detects light can be controlled.

[0106] The light-shielding layer 148 may be made of a material that blocks light emitted by the light-emitting device 190. The light-shielding layer 148 preferably absorbs visible light and infrared light. The light-shielding layer 148 may be made of, for example, a metal material, or a resin material containing a pigment (such as carbon black) or a dye. The light-shielding layer 148 may have a laminated structure of a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter.

[0107] Furthermore, a filter 149 that cuts off light with a shorter wavelength than visible light may be provided at an opening provided at a position where the light-shielding layer 148 overlaps with the light-receiving device 110. As the filter 149, for example, a long-pass filter that cuts off light with a shorter wavelength than visible light (ultraviolet light) can be used. As a filter that cuts off ultraviolet light, in addition to a resin film, an inorganic insulating film can be used. By providing the filter 149, it is possible to suppress the incidence of ultraviolet light on the light-receiving device 110, and it is possible to detect visible light and infrared light with low noise.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 10A, the filter 149 may be stacked on the light receiving device 110.

[0109] 10B, the filter 149 may be shaped like a lens. The lens-shaped filter 149 is a convex lens having a convex surface on the substrate 151 side. The filter 149 may be disposed so that the convex surface faces the substrate 152 side.

[0110] When both the light-shielding layer 148 and the lens-type filter 149 are formed on the same surface of the substrate 152, the order of formation does not matter. Fig. 10B shows an example in which the lens-type filter 149 is formed first, but the light-shielding layer 148 may be formed first. In Fig. 10B, the edge of the lens-type filter 149 is covered with the light-shielding layer 148.

[0111] In the configuration shown in FIG. 10B, the light 22 is incident on the light receiving device 110 via a lens-type filter 149. By making the filter 149 lens-type, the imaging range of the light receiving device 110 can be narrowed, and the imaging range of the adjacent light receiving device 110 can be prevented from overlapping. This makes it possible to capture a clear image with less blur. In addition, by making the filter 149 lens-type, the opening of the light shielding layer 148 on the light receiving device 110 can be made larger. Therefore, the amount of light incident on the light receiving device 110 can be increased, and the light detection sensitivity can be improved.

[0112] The lens-type filter 149 can be formed directly on the substrate 152 or on the light-receiving device 110. Alternatively, a separately manufactured microlens array or the like may be attached to the substrate 152.

[0113] 10C, a configuration may be adopted in which the filter 149 is not provided. When the characteristics of the light receiving device 110 include no sensitivity to ultraviolet light or a sufficiently higher sensitivity to visible light and infrared light than ultraviolet light, the filter 149 can be omitted. In this case, a lens having a shape similar to that of the lens-type filter 149 shown in FIG. 10B may be provided overlapping the light receiving device 110.

[0114] 8, the light receiving device 110 can detect light 22 reflected by a pointing object 81 such as a finger, out of light 21 emitted by the light emitting device 190. However, there are cases where a part of the light emitted by the light emitting device 190 is reflected within the display device 50A and enters the light receiving device 110 without passing through the pointing object 81.

[0115] The light-shielding layer 148 can suppress the influence of such stray light. For example, if the light-shielding layer 148 is not provided, the light 23a emitted by the light-emitting device 190 may be reflected by the substrate 152 or the like, and the reflected light 23b may enter the light-receiving device 110. By providing the light-shielding layer 148, it is possible to suppress the reflected light 23b from entering the light-receiving device 110. This can reduce noise and improve the light detection accuracy of the light-receiving device 110.

[0116] In the light-emitting device 190, the common layer 112, the light-emitting layer 193, and the common layer 114 located between the pixel electrode 191 and the common electrode 115 can also be called an EL layer. The pixel electrode 191 preferably has a function of reflecting at least infrared light.

[0117] The light emitting device 190 has a function of emitting infrared light. Specifically, the light emitting device 190 is an electroluminescent device that emits light 21 to the substrate 152 side by applying a voltage between a pixel electrode 191 and a common electrode 115.

[0118] The pixel electrode 111 is electrically connected to the source or drain of the transistor 41 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 214. An end of the pixel electrode 111 is covered with a partition wall 216.

[0119] The pixel electrode 191 is electrically connected to a source or drain of the transistor 42 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 214. An end of the pixel electrode 191 is covered with a partition wall 216. The transistor 42 has a function of controlling driving of the light-emitting device 190.

[0120] The transistor 41 and the transistor 42 are in contact with each other on the same layer (substrate 151 in FIG. 8).

[0121] At least a part of the circuit electrically connected to the light receiving device 110 is preferably formed of the same material and in the same process as the circuit electrically connected to the light emitting device 190. This allows the display device to be thinner and the manufacturing process to be simplified compared to the case where the two circuits are formed separately.

[0122] The light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 are preferably covered with a protective layer 195. Fig. 8 shows an example in which the protective layer 195 is provided on and in contact with the common electrode 115. By providing the protective layer 195, impurities such as water are prevented from entering the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190, and the reliability of the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 can be improved. In addition, the protective layer 195 and the substrate 152 are bonded together by the adhesive layer 142.

[0123] 11A, a configuration may be adopted in which the protective layer 195 is not provided on the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190. In this case, the common electrode 115 and the substrate 152 are bonded together by the adhesive layer 142.

[0124] 11B, a configuration may be adopted in which the light-shielding layer 148 is not provided. This can increase the amount of light emitted to the outside by the light-emitting device 190 and the amount of light received by the light-receiving device 110, thereby improving the detection sensitivity.

[0125] 12A , the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a configuration of a display device 50B. The display device 50B differs from the display device 50A in that the display device 50B does not have the substrate 151, the substrate 152, and the partition wall 216, but has the substrate 153, the substrate 154, the adhesive layer 155, the insulating layer 212, and the partition wall 217.

[0126] The substrate 153 and the insulating layer 212 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 155. The substrate 154 and the protective layer 195 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 142.

[0127] The display device 50B is fabricated by transferring the insulating layer 212, the transistor 41, the transistor 42, the light receiving device 110, the light emitting device 190, and the like formed on a fabrication substrate onto the substrate 153. The substrates 153 and 154 are preferably flexible. This allows the display device 50B to be flexible. For example, the substrates 153 and 154 are preferably made of a resin.

[0128] The substrates 153 and 154 may be made of polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyethersulfone (PES) resin, polyamide resin (nylon, aramid, etc.), polysiloxane resin, cycloolefin resin, polystyrene resin, polyamideimide resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polypropylene resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin, ABS resin, cellulose nanofiber, etc. One or both of the substrates 153 and 154 may be made of glass having a thickness sufficient to provide flexibility.

[0129] The substrate of the display device of this embodiment may be a film having high optical isotropy, such as a triacetyl cellulose (TAC, also called cellulose triacetate) film, a cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, a cycloolefin copolymer (COC) film, and an acrylic film.

[0130] The partition 217 is preferably capable of absorbing light emitted by the light emitting device 190. The partition 217 can be formed using, for example, a resin material containing a pigment or a dye.

[0131] A part of the light 23c emitted by the light emitting device 190 is reflected by the substrate 152 and the partition 217. The reflected light 23d may enter the light receiving device 110. The light 23c may pass through the partition 217 and be reflected by a transistor, a wiring, or the like, and the reflected light may enter the light receiving device 110. The light 23c is absorbed by the partition 217, so that the reflected light 23d can be prevented from entering the light receiving device 110. This can reduce noise and improve the light detection accuracy of the light receiving device 110.

[0132] It is preferable that the partition 217 absorbs at least light of a wavelength that can be detected by the light-receiving device 110. For example, when the light-receiving device 110 detects infrared light emitted by the light-emitting device 190, it is preferable that the partition 217 can absorb at least infrared light and can also absorb visible light.

[0133] Although an example in which the light emitting device and the light receiving device have two common layers has been described above, this is not limiting. Below, an example in which the common layer has a different configuration will be described.

[0134] 12B shows a schematic cross-sectional view of display device 50C. Display device 50C differs from display device 50A in that it does not have common layer 114, but has buffer layer 184 and buffer layer 194. Buffer layer 184 and buffer layer 194 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.

[0135] In the display device 50C, the light-receiving device 110 has a pixel electrode 111, a common layer 112, a photoelectric conversion layer 113, a buffer layer 184, and a common electrode 115. In the display device 50C, the light-emitting device 190 has a pixel electrode 191, a common layer 112, a light-emitting layer 193, a buffer layer 194, and a common electrode 115.

[0136] The display device 50C shows an example in which a buffer layer 184 between the common electrode 115 and the photoelectric conversion layer 113 and a buffer layer 194 between the common electrode 115 and the light-emitting layer 193 are separately formed. The buffer layer 184 and the buffer layer 194 can be, for example, one or both of an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer.

[0137] 13A shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device 50D. The display device 50D differs from the display device 50A in that it does not have a common layer 112, but has a buffer layer 182 and a buffer layer 192. The buffer layer 182 and the buffer layer 192 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.

[0138] In the display device 50D, the light-receiving device 110 has a pixel electrode 111, a buffer layer 182, a photoelectric conversion layer 113, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115. In the display device 50D, the light-emitting device 190 has a pixel electrode 191, a buffer layer 192, a light-emitting layer 193, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115.

[0139] The display device 50D shows an example in which a buffer layer 182 between the pixel electrode 111 and the photoelectric conversion layer 113 and a buffer layer 192 between the pixel electrode 191 and the light-emitting layer 193 are separately formed. The buffer layer 182 and the buffer layer 192 can be, for example, one or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer.

[0140] 13B shows a schematic cross-sectional view of display device 50E. Display device 50E differs from display device 50A in that display device 50E does not have common layer 112 and common layer 114, but has buffer layer 182, buffer layer 184, buffer layer 192, and buffer layer 194.

[0141] In the display device 50E, the light-receiving device 110 has a pixel electrode 111, a buffer layer 182, a photoelectric conversion layer 113, a buffer layer 184, and a common electrode 115. In the display device 50E, the light-emitting device 190 has a pixel electrode 191, a buffer layer 192, a light-emitting layer 193, a buffer layer 194, and a common electrode 115.

[0142] In the process of manufacturing the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190, not only the photoelectric conversion layer 113 and the light emitting layer 193 can be separately manufactured, but also other layers can be separately manufactured.

[0143] The display device 50E shows an example in which the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 do not have a common layer between a pair of electrodes (the pixel electrode 111 or the pixel electrode 191 and the common electrode 115). In the manufacturing process of the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 of the display device 50E, first, the pixel electrode 111 and the pixel electrode 191 are formed on the insulating layer 214 using the same material and in the same process. Then, the buffer layer 182, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the buffer layer 184 are formed on the pixel electrode 111, the buffer layer 192, the light emitting layer 193, and the buffer layer 194 are formed on the pixel electrode 191, and the common electrode 115 is formed so as to cover the buffer layer 184, the buffer layer 194, etc.

[0144] The order of forming the stacked structure of the buffer layer 182, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the buffer layer 184 and the stacked structure of the buffer layer 192, the light-emitting layer 193, and the buffer layer 194 is not particularly limited. For example, the buffer layer 192, the light-emitting layer 193, and the buffer layer 194 may be formed after the buffer layer 182, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the buffer layer 184 are formed. Conversely, the buffer layer 192, the light-emitting layer 193, and the buffer layer 194 may be formed before the buffer layer 182, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, and the buffer layer 184 are formed. Also, the buffer layer 182, the buffer layer 192, the photoelectric conversion layer 113, the light-emitting layer 193, and the like may be formed alternately in this order.

[0145] A more specific example of a structure of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0146] Fig. 14 shows a perspective view of the display device 100A. The display device 100A has a configuration in which a substrate 151 and a substrate 152 are bonded together. In Fig. 14, the substrate 152 is indicated by a dashed line.

[0147] The display device 100A has a display unit 162, a circuit 164a, a circuit 164b, wiring 165a, wiring 165b, etc. Also, Fig. 14 shows an example in which an IC (integrated circuit) 173a, an FPC 172a, an IC 173b, and an FPC 172b are mounted on the display device 100A. Therefore, the configuration shown in Fig. 14 can be said to be a display module having the display device 100A, an IC, and an FPC.

[0148] The circuit 164a may be a gate driver for display, and the circuit 164b may be a row driver for imaging (photodetection).

[0149] The wiring 165a has a function of supplying signals and power to the subpixels 11 and 12 and the circuit 164a. The signals and power are input from the outside via the FPC 172a, or are input to the wiring 165a from the IC 173a.

[0150] The wiring 165b has a function of supplying signals and power to the subpixel 12 and the circuit 164b. The signals and power are input from the outside via the FPC 172b or input to the wiring 165b from the IC 173b.

[0151] 14 shows an example in which ICs 173a and 173b are provided on substrate 151 by a COG (Chip On Glass) method, but a TCP (Tape Carrier Package) method or a COF (Chip On Film) method may also be used. For example, IC 173a may be an IC having a function of a source driver connected to subpixels 11 and 12. For example, IC 173b may be an IC having a function of a column driver connected to subpixel 12 and a signal processing circuit such as an A / D converter.

[0152] The driver circuit may be provided on the substrate 151 in the same manner as the transistors and the like that constitute the pixel circuits.

[0153] FIG. 15 shows an example of a cross section of a part of the region including the FPC 172a, a part of the region including the circuit 164a, a part of the region including the display unit 162, and a part of the region including an end portion in the display device 100A shown in FIG.

[0154] A display device 100A shown in FIG. 15 includes a transistor 201, a transistor 205, a transistor 206, a light-emitting device 190, a light-receiving device 110, and the like between a substrate 151 and a substrate 152.

[0155] The substrate 152 and the insulating layer 214 are bonded via an adhesive layer 142. A solid sealing structure, a hollow sealing structure, or the like can be applied to seal the light emitting device 190 and the light receiving device 110. A space 143 surrounded by the substrate 152, the adhesive layer 142, and the insulating layer 214 is filled with an inert gas (nitrogen, argon, or the like), and a hollow sealing structure is applied. The adhesive layer 142 may be provided overlapping the light emitting device 190. In addition, the region surrounded by the substrate 152, the adhesive layer 142, and the insulating layer 214 may be filled with a resin different from the adhesive layer 142.

[0156] The light-emitting device 190 has a layered structure in which a pixel electrode 191, a common layer 112, a light-emitting layer 193, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115 are layered in this order from the insulating layer 214 side. The pixel electrode 191 is connected to a conductive layer 222b of the transistor 206 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 214. The transistor 206 has a function of controlling the driving of the light-emitting device 190. An end of the pixel electrode 191 is covered with a partition wall 216.

[0157] The light-receiving device 110 has a layered structure in which a pixel electrode 111, a common layer 112, a photoelectric conversion layer 113, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115 are layered in this order from the insulating layer 214 side. The pixel electrode 111 is electrically connected to a conductive layer 222b of the transistor 205 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 214. An end of the pixel electrode 111 is covered with a partition wall 216.

[0158] Light emitted from the light emitting device 190 is emitted towards the substrate 152. Moreover, light is incident on the light receiving device 110 via the substrate 152 and the space 143. The substrate 152 is preferably made of a material that is highly transparent to visible light and infrared light.

[0159] The pixel electrode 111 and the pixel electrode 191 can be manufactured using the same material and in the same process. The common layer 112, the common layer 114, and the common electrode 115 are used in both the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190. The light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190 can have the same configuration except for the configurations of the photoelectric conversion layer 113 and the light emitting layer 193. This allows the light receiving device 110 to be built into the display device 100A without significantly increasing the number of manufacturing steps.

[0160] A light-shielding layer 148 is provided on the surface of the substrate 152 facing the substrate 151. The light-shielding layer 148 has openings at a position overlapping the light-receiving device 110 and a position overlapping the light-emitting device 190. A filter 149 that cuts ultraviolet light is provided at the position overlapping the light-receiving device 110. Note that a configuration in which the filter 149 is not provided may also be adopted.

[0161] A transistor 201, a transistor 205, and a transistor 206 are all formed over a substrate 151. These transistors can be manufactured using the same material and through the same process.

[0162] An insulating layer 211, an insulating layer 213, an insulating layer 215, and an insulating layer 214 are provided in this order on the substrate 151. A part of the insulating layer 211 functions as a gate insulating layer for each transistor. A part of the insulating layer 213 functions as a gate insulating layer for each transistor. The insulating layer 215 is provided to cover the transistor. The insulating layer 214 is provided to cover the transistor and functions as a planarizing layer. Note that the number of gate insulating layers and the number of insulating layers covering the transistors are not limited, and each may be a single layer or two or more layers.

[0163] It is preferable that at least one of the insulating layers covering the transistors is made of a material that is difficult for impurities such as water and hydrogen to diffuse into. This allows the insulating layer to function as a barrier layer. With this configuration, it is possible to effectively prevent impurities from diffusing into the transistors from the outside, thereby improving the reliability of the display device.

[0164] It is preferable to use an inorganic insulating film as the insulating layer 211, the insulating layer 213, and the insulating layer 215. As the inorganic insulating film, for example, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride oxide film, an aluminum oxide film, or an aluminum nitride film can be used. Alternatively, a hafnium oxide film, an yttrium oxide film, a zirconium oxide film, a gallium oxide film, a tantalum oxide film, a magnesium oxide film, a lanthanum oxide film, a cerium oxide film, or a neodymium oxide film may be used. Two or more of the above insulating films may be stacked.

[0165] An organic insulating film is suitable for the insulating layer 214 that functions as a planarizing layer. Materials that can be used for the organic insulating film include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyimideamide resin, siloxane resin, benzocyclobutene resin, phenol resin, and precursors of these resins.

[0166] Here, organic insulating films often have a lower barrier property against impurities than inorganic insulating films. Therefore, it is preferable that the organic insulating film has an opening near the end of the display device 100A. This makes it possible to suppress the diffusion of impurities from the end of the display device 100A through the organic insulating film. Alternatively, the organic insulating film may be formed so that the end of the organic insulating film is located inside the end of the display device 100A, so that the organic insulating film is not exposed at the end of the display device 100A.

[0167] 15, an opening is formed in the insulating layer 214. This makes it possible to prevent impurities from diffusing from the outside into the display unit 162 through the insulating layer 214, even when an organic insulating film is used for the insulating layer 214. This makes it possible to improve the reliability of the display device 100A.

[0168] The transistor 201, the transistor 205, and the transistor 206 each have a conductive layer 221 functioning as a gate, an insulating layer 211 functioning as a gate insulating layer, a conductive layer 222a and a conductive layer 222b functioning as a source and a drain, a semiconductor layer 231, an insulating layer 213 functioning as a gate insulating layer, and a conductive layer 223 functioning as a gate. Here, the same hatched pattern is applied to a plurality of layers obtained by processing the same conductive film. The insulating layer 211 is located between the conductive layer 221 and the semiconductor layer 231. The insulating layer 213 is located between the conductive layer 223 and the semiconductor layer 231.

[0169] The structure of the transistor included in the display device of this embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, a planar transistor, a staggered transistor, an inverted staggered transistor, or the like can be used. In addition, either a top-gate type or a bottom-gate type transistor may be used. Alternatively, gates may be provided above and below a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.

[0170] The transistors 201, 205, and 206 have a structure in which a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed is sandwiched between two gates. The two gates may be connected and supplied with the same signal to drive the transistors. Alternatively, a potential for controlling the threshold voltage of the transistor may be applied to one of the two gates, and a potential for driving the transistor may be applied to the other gate.

[0171] The crystallinity of a semiconductor material used in a transistor is not particularly limited, and any of an amorphous semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, and a semiconductor having crystallinity other than a single crystal (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, or a semiconductor having a crystalline region in part) may be used. The use of a single crystal semiconductor or a semiconductor having crystallinity is preferable because it can suppress deterioration of transistor characteristics.

[0172] The semiconductor layer of the transistor preferably contains a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor). Alternatively, the semiconductor layer of the transistor may contain silicon. Examples of silicon include amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon (such as low-temperature polysilicon and single crystal silicon).

[0173] The semiconductor layer preferably contains, for example, indium, M (M is one or more selected from gallium, aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, tin, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and magnesium), and zinc. In particular, M is preferably one or more selected from aluminum, gallium, yttrium, and tin.

[0174] In particular, it is preferable to use an oxide containing indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) (also referred to as IGZO) as the semiconductor layer.

[0175] When forming a film of In-M-Zn oxide by a sputtering method, the atomic ratio of In in the sputtering target is preferably equal to or greater than the atomic ratio of M. Examples of atomic ratios of metal elements in such sputtering targets include In:M:Zn=1:1:1, In:M:Zn=1:1:1.2, In:M:Zn=2:1:3, In:M:Zn=3:1:2, In:M:Zn=4:2:3, In:M:Zn=4:2:4.1, In:M:Zn=5:1:6, In:M:Zn=5:1:7, In:M:Zn=5:1:8, In:M:Zn=6:1:6, In:M:Zn=5:2:5, and the like.

[0176] As the sputtering target, it is preferable to use a target containing a polycrystalline oxide, since it is easy to form a semiconductor layer having crystallinity. The atomic ratio of the semiconductor layer to be formed includes a variation of ±40% of the atomic ratio of the metal elements contained in the sputtering target. For example, when the composition of the sputtering target used for the semiconductor layer is In:Ga:Zn=4:2:4.1 [atomic ratio], the composition of the semiconductor layer to be formed may be close to In:Ga:Zn=4:2:3 [atomic ratio].

[0177] When the atomic ratio is described as In:Ga:Zn=4:2:3 or thereabout, this includes the case where, when the atomic ratio of In is 4, the atomic ratio of Ga is 1 or more and 3 or less, and the atomic ratio of Zn is 2 or more and 4 or less. When the atomic ratio of In is described as In:Ga:Zn=5:1:6 or thereabout, this includes the case where, when the atomic ratio of In is 5, the atomic ratio of Ga is more than 0.1 and 2 or less, and the atomic ratio of Zn is 5 or more and 7 or less. When the atomic ratio of In is described as In:Ga:Zn=1:1:1 or thereabout, this includes the case where, when the atomic ratio of In is 1, the atomic ratio of Ga is more than 0.1 and 2 or less, and the atomic ratio of Zn is more than 0.1 and 2 or less.

[0178] The transistors included in the circuit 164a and the transistors included in the display portion 162 may have the same structure or different structures. The transistors included in the circuit 164a may all have the same structure or may have two or more types. Similarly, the transistors included in the display portion 162 may all have the same structure or may have two or more types.

[0179] A connection portion 204 is provided in an area on the substrate 151 where the substrate 152 does not overlap. In the connection portion 204, the wiring 165 is electrically connected to the FPC 172a via the conductive layer 166 and the connection layer 242. The conductive layer 166 obtained by processing the same conductive film as the pixel electrode 191 is exposed on the upper surface of the connection portion 204. This allows the connection portion 204 and the FPC 172a to be electrically connected via the connection layer 242.

[0180] Various optical members can be disposed on the outside of the substrate 152. Examples of optical members include a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a light diffusion layer (such as a diffusion film), an anti-reflection layer, and a light collecting film. In addition, an antistatic film that suppresses the adhesion of dust, a water-repellent film that makes it difficult for dirt to adhere, a hard coat film that suppresses the occurrence of scratches due to use, an impact absorbing layer, and the like may be disposed on the outside of the substrate 152.

[0181] The substrate 151 and the substrate 152 may be made of glass, quartz, ceramic, sapphire, resin, or the like.

[0182] As the adhesive layer, various curing adhesives such as a photo-curing adhesive such as an ultraviolet curing adhesive, a reaction curing adhesive, a heat curing adhesive, and an anaerobic adhesive can be used. Examples of such adhesives include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenolic resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin. In particular, a material with low moisture permeability such as epoxy resin is preferable. A two-liquid mixed resin may also be used. An adhesive sheet or the like may also be used.

[0183] The connection layer 242 may be made of an anisotropic conductive film (ACF), an anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), or the like.

[0184] The light emitting device 190 may be a top emission type, a bottom emission type, a dual emission type, etc. In one embodiment of the present invention, a top emission type is preferable, but other configurations may be applied by arranging the light exit surface of the light emitting device 190 and the light incident surface of the light receiving device 110 in the same direction.

[0185] The light-emitting device 190 has at least a light-emitting layer 193. The light-emitting device 190 may further have a layer containing a substance with high hole injection properties, a substance with high hole transport properties, a hole blocking material, a substance with high electron transport properties, a substance with high electron injection properties, or a bipolar substance (a substance with high electron transport properties and hole transport properties) as a layer other than the light-emitting layer 193. For example, the common layer 112 preferably has one or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer. For example, the common layer 114 preferably has one or both of an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer.

[0186] Both low molecular weight compounds and high molecular weight compounds may be used, and may contain inorganic compounds, for the common layer 112, the light emitting layer 193, and the common layer 114. The layers constituting the common layer 112, the light emitting layer 193, and the common layer 114 may be formed by a method such as a deposition method (including a vacuum deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, or a coating method.

[0187] The light-emitting layer 193 may contain an inorganic compound such as quantum dots as a light-emitting material.

[0188] The photoelectric conversion layer 113 of the light-receiving device 110 includes a semiconductor. As the semiconductor, an inorganic semiconductor such as silicon or an organic semiconductor including an organic compound can be used. In this embodiment, an example in which an organic semiconductor is used as the semiconductor of the photoelectric conversion layer 113 is shown. By using an organic semiconductor, the light-emitting layer 193 of the light-emitting device 190 and the photoelectric conversion layer 113 of the light-receiving device 110 can be formed by the same method (for example, vacuum deposition method), which is preferable because the manufacturing equipment can be shared.

[0189] The n-type semiconductor material of the photoelectric conversion layer 113 is fullerene (e.g., C 60 , C 70 Examples of the p-type semiconductor material of the photoelectric conversion layer 113 include organic semiconductor materials with an electron-accepting property, such as copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPc), tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc), etc.

[0190] For example, the photoelectric conversion layer 113 can be formed by co-evaporating an n-type semiconductor and a p-type semiconductor.

[0191] Materials that can be used for the gate, source, and drain of a transistor as well as conductive layers such as various wirings and electrodes that constitute a display device include metals such as aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, copper, yttrium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, tantalum, and tungsten, as well as alloys containing such metals as main components, etc. Films containing these materials can be used as a single layer structure or a laminated structure.

[0192] As the conductive material having light transmitting properties, conductive oxides such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide containing gallium, or graphene can be used. Alternatively, metal materials such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, and titanium, and alloy materials containing the metal materials can be used. Alternatively, nitrides of the metal materials (for example, titanium nitride) and the like may be used. Note that when using metal materials or alloy materials (or their nitrides), it is preferable to make them thin enough to have light transmitting properties. Also, a laminated film of the above materials can be used as the conductive layer. For example, it is preferable to use a laminated film of an alloy of silver and magnesium and indium tin oxide, because the conductivity can be increased. These can also be used for conductive layers such as various wirings and electrodes constituting a display device, and conductive layers (conductive layers functioning as pixel electrodes or common electrodes) of display elements.

[0193] Examples of insulating materials that can be used for each insulating layer include resins such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin, and inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride oxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide.

[0194] 16A shows a cross-sectional view of the display device 100B. The display device 100B differs from the display device 100A mainly in that the display device 100B has a protective layer 195.

[0195] By providing the protective layer 195 covering the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of impurities such as water into the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190, thereby improving the reliability of the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190.

[0196] In a region 228 near the end of the display device 100B, it is preferable that the insulating layer 215 and the protective layer 195 contact each other through the opening in the insulating layer 214. In particular, it is preferable that the inorganic insulating film of the insulating layer 215 and the inorganic insulating film of the protective layer 195 contact each other. This makes it possible to suppress the diffusion of impurities from the outside into the display unit 162 through the organic insulating film. Therefore, it is possible to improve the reliability of the display device 100B.

[0197] 16B shows an example of a three-layer structure of the protective layer 195. The protective layer 195 has an inorganic insulating layer 195a on the common electrode 115, an organic insulating layer 195b on the inorganic insulating layer 195a, and an inorganic insulating layer 195c on the organic insulating layer 195b.

[0198] The end of the inorganic insulating layer 195a and the end of the inorganic insulating layer 195c extend outward beyond the end of the organic insulating layer 195b and are in contact with each other. The inorganic insulating layer 195a is in contact with the insulating layer 215 (inorganic insulating layer) through an opening in the insulating layer 214 (organic insulating layer). This allows the insulating layer 215 and the protective layer 195 to surround the light-receiving device 110 and the light-emitting device 190, thereby improving the reliability of the light-receiving device 110 and the light-emitting device 190.

[0199] In this way, the protective layer 195 may have a laminated structure of an organic insulating film and an inorganic insulating film. In this case, it is preferable that the end of the inorganic insulating film extends further outward than the end of the organic insulating film.

[0200] In the display device 100B, the protective layer 195 and the substrate 152 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 142. The adhesive layer 142 is provided so as to overlap the light receiving device 110 and the light emitting device 190, respectively, and a solid sealing structure is applied to the display device 100B.

[0201] 17A shows a cross-sectional view of the display device 100C. The display device 100C differs from the display device 100B mainly in that the transistor structure is different and that the display device 100C does not have the light-shielding layer 148.

[0202] The display device 100C includes a transistor 208, a transistor 209, and a transistor 210 on a substrate 151.

[0203] The transistor 208, the transistor 209, and the transistor 210 each include a conductive layer 221 functioning as a gate, an insulating layer 211 functioning as a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer having a channel formation region 231i and a pair of low-resistance regions 231n, a conductive layer 222a connected to one of the pair of low-resistance regions 231n, a conductive layer 222b connected to the other of the pair of low-resistance regions 231n, an insulating layer 225 functioning as a gate insulating layer, a conductive layer 223 functioning as a gate, and an insulating layer 215 covering the conductive layer 223. The insulating layer 211 is located between the conductive layer 221 and the channel formation region 231i. The insulating layer 225 is located between the conductive layer 223 and the channel formation region 231i.

[0204] The conductive layer 222a and the conductive layer 222b are connected to the low-resistance region 231n through openings provided in the insulating layer 225 and the insulating layer 215, respectively. One of the conductive layer 222a and the conductive layer 222b functions as a source, and the other functions as a drain.

[0205] The pixel electrode 191 of the light emitting device 190 is electrically connected to one of a pair of low resistance regions 231n of the transistor 208 via the conductive layer 222b.

[0206] The pixel electrode 111 of the light receiving device 110 is electrically connected to the other of the pair of low resistance regions 231n of the transistor 209 via the conductive layer 222b.

[0207] FIG. 17A shows an example in which the insulating layer 225 covers the upper surface and side surface of the semiconductor layer. FIG. 17B shows an example in which the insulating layer 225 overlaps with the channel formation region 231i of the semiconductor layer 231, but does not overlap with the low resistance region 231n. For example, the structure shown in FIG. 17B can be manufactured by processing the insulating layer 225 using the conductive layer 223 as a mask. In FIG. 17B, the insulating layer 215 is provided to cover the insulating layer 225 and the conductive layer 223, and the conductive layer 222a and the conductive layer 222b are connected to the low resistance region 231n through the openings in the insulating layer 215. Furthermore, an insulating layer 218 may be provided to cover the transistor.

[0208] 18 shows a cross-sectional view of the display device 100D. The display device 100D differs from the display device 100C mainly in that the configuration of the substrate is different.

[0209] The display device 100D does not have the substrate 151 and the substrate 152, but has a substrate 153, a substrate 154, an adhesive layer 155, and an insulating layer 212.

[0210] The substrate 153 and the insulating layer 212 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 155. The substrate 154 and the protective layer 195 are bonded together by an adhesive layer 142.

[0211] The display device 100D is fabricated by transferring the insulating layer 212, the transistor 208, the transistor 209, the light receiving device 110, the light emitting device 190, and the like, which are formed on a fabrication substrate, onto the substrate 153. The substrate 153 and the substrate 154 are preferably flexible. This allows the display device 100D to be flexible.

[0212] The insulating layer 212 can be an inorganic insulating film that can be used for the insulating layers 211, 213, and 215. Alternatively, the insulating layer 212 may be a stacked film of an organic insulating film and an inorganic insulating film. In this case, the film on the transistor 209 side is preferably an inorganic insulating film.

[0213] The above is a description of the configuration example of the display device.

[0214] The display device of this embodiment has a light receiving device and a light emitting device in a display portion, and the display portion has both a function of displaying an image and a function of detecting light. This allows the electronic device to be made smaller and lighter than when a sensor is provided outside the display portion or the display device. In addition, a more multifunctional electronic device can be realized by combining the sensor provided outside the display portion or the display device.

[0215] At least one layer of the light receiving device other than the photoelectric conversion layer can be configured in common with the light emitting device (EL element). Furthermore, all layers of the light receiving device other than the photoelectric conversion layer may be configured in common with the light emitting device (EL element). For example, the light emitting device and the light receiving device can be formed on the same substrate by simply adding a process of forming a photoelectric conversion layer to the manufacturing process of the light emitting device. Furthermore, the pixel electrodes and common electrodes of the light receiving device and the light emitting device can be formed from the same material and in the same process. Furthermore, the manufacturing process of the display device can be simplified by manufacturing a circuit electrically connected to the light receiving device and a circuit electrically connected to the light emitting device from the same material and in the same process. In this way, a display device with a built-in light receiving device and high convenience can be manufactured without complicated processes.

[0216] Metal oxides that can be used for the semiconductor layer of a transistor will be described below.

[0217] In this specification and the like, metal oxides containing nitrogen may also be collectively referred to as metal oxides. Metal oxides containing nitrogen may also be referred to as metal oxynitrides. For example, metal oxides containing nitrogen, such as zinc oxynitride (ZnON), may be used for the semiconductor layer.

[0218] In this specification, etc., the term CAAC (c-axis aligned crystal) and CAC (Cloud-Aligned Composite) may be used. CAAC represents an example of a crystal structure, and CAC represents an example of a function or material configuration.

[0219] For example, the semiconductor layer can be made of a cloud-aligned composite (CAC)-oxide semiconductor (OS).

[0220] CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide has a conductive function in a part of the material and an insulating function in a part of the material, and has a function as a semiconductor as a whole. When CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is used in a semiconductor layer of a transistor, the conductive function is a function of flowing electrons (or holes) that become carriers, and the insulating function is a function of not flowing electrons that become carriers. By making the conductive function and the insulating function act complementarily, it is possible to impart a switching function (on / off function) to CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide. By separating the respective functions in CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide, it is possible to maximize both functions.

[0221] Moreover, the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide has a conductive region and an insulating region. The conductive region has the above-mentioned conductive function, and the insulating region has the above-mentioned insulating function. In the material, the conductive region and the insulating region may be separated at the nanoparticle level. In addition, the conductive region and the insulating region may be unevenly distributed in the material. In addition, the conductive region may be observed to be connected in a cloud shape with a blurred periphery.

[0222] In addition, in the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide, the conductive regions and the insulating regions may each be dispersed in the material with a size of 0.5 nm to 10 nm, preferably 0.5 nm to 3 nm.

[0223] Also, the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is composed of components having different band gaps. For example, the CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is composed of a component having a wide gap due to an insulating region and a component having a narrow gap due to a conductive region. In this configuration, when carriers are caused to flow, the carriers mainly flow in the component having the narrow gap. Also, the component having the narrow gap acts complementarily on the component having the wide gap, and carriers also flow in the component having the wide gap in conjunction with the component having the narrow gap. Therefore, when the above CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide is used in the channel formation region of a transistor, a high current driving force, that is, a large on-current and a high field effect mobility can be obtained in the on-state of the transistor.

[0224] That is, CAC-OS or CAC-metal oxide can also be called a matrix composite or a metal matrix composite.

[0225] Oxide semiconductors (metal oxides) are classified into single-crystal oxide semiconductors and other non-single-crystal oxide semiconductors, such as c-axis aligned crystalline oxide semiconductors (CAAC-OS), polycrystalline oxide semiconductors, nanocrystalline oxide semiconductors (nc-OS), amorphous-like oxide semiconductors (a-like OS), and amorphous oxide semiconductors.

[0226] CAAC-OS has a c-axis orientation and a distorted crystal structure in which multiple nanocrystals are connected in the ab-plane direction. The distortion refers to the location where the lattice orientation changes between a region with a uniform lattice arrangement and a region with a different uniform lattice arrangement in the region where multiple nanocrystals are connected.

[0227] Nanocrystals are basically hexagonal, but may be non-regular hexagonal. In addition, the lattice arrangement may be pentagonal or heptagonal due to the distortion. In CAAC-OS, it is difficult to confirm clear grain boundaries even near the distortion. In other words, it is found that the formation of grain boundaries is suppressed by the distortion of the lattice arrangement. This is because CAAC-OS can tolerate distortion due to the fact that the arrangement of oxygen atoms in the ab-plane direction is not dense and the bond distance between atoms changes due to the substitution of metal elements.

[0228] CAAC-OS also tends to have a layered crystal structure (also referred to as a layered structure) in which a layer containing indium and oxygen (hereinafter, In layer) and a layer containing element M, zinc, and oxygen (hereinafter, (M, Zn) layer) are stacked. Note that indium and element M can be substituted for each other, and when element M in an (M, Zn) layer is substituted for indium, it can also be expressed as an (In, M, Zn) layer. When indium in an In layer is substituted for element M, it can also be expressed as an (In, M) layer.

[0229] CAAC-OS is a metal oxide with high crystallinity. On the other hand, it is difficult to confirm clear crystal boundaries in CAAC-OS, so it is said that the decrease in electron mobility caused by crystal boundaries is unlikely to occur. In addition, since the crystallinity of metal oxides can be decreased by the inclusion of impurities and the generation of defects, CAAC-OS is less susceptible to impurities and defects (oxygen vacancies (V O: It is also called oxygen vacancy. ) Therefore, metal oxides with CAAC-OS have stable physical properties. Therefore, metal oxides with CAAC-OS are resistant to heat and highly reliable.

[0230] The nc-OS has periodic atomic arrangement in a microscopic region (for example, a region of 1 nm to 10 nm, particularly a region of 1 nm to 3 nm). In addition, the nc-OS does not show regularity in the crystal orientation between different nanocrystals. Therefore, no orientation is seen throughout the film. Therefore, the nc-OS may be indistinguishable from an a-like OS and an amorphous oxide semiconductor depending on the analysis method.

[0231] Indium-gallium-zinc oxide (hereinafter referred to as IGZO), a type of metal oxide containing indium, gallium, and zinc, may have a stable structure when made into the above-mentioned nanocrystals. In particular, since IGZO tends to have difficulty in crystal growth in the atmosphere, it may be structurally more stable when made into small crystals (for example, the above-mentioned nanocrystals) rather than large crystals (here, crystals of several mm or several cm).

[0232] The a-like OS is a metal oxide having a structure between the nc-OS and an amorphous oxide semiconductor. The a-like OS has a pore or low-density region. That is, the a-like OS has lower crystallinity than the nc-OS and CAAC-OS.

[0233] Oxide semiconductors (metal oxides) have a variety of structures and each structure has different characteristics. The oxide semiconductor of one embodiment of the present invention may include two or more of an amorphous oxide semiconductor, a polycrystalline oxide semiconductor, an a-like OS, an nc-OS, and a CAAC-OS.

[0234] The metal oxide film functioning as the semiconductor layer can be formed by a sputtering method using either or both of an inert gas and an oxygen gas. The flow rate ratio of oxygen (oxygen partial pressure) during the formation of the metal oxide film is not particularly limited. However, in order to obtain a transistor with high field effect mobility, the flow rate ratio of oxygen (oxygen partial pressure) during the formation of the metal oxide film is preferably 0% or more and 30% or less, more preferably 5% or more and 30% or less, and even more preferably 7% or more and 15% or less.

[0235] The energy gap of the metal oxide is preferably 2 eV or more, more preferably 2.5 eV or more, and further preferably 3 eV or more. By using a metal oxide having such a wide energy gap, the off-state current of the transistor can be reduced.

[0236] The transistors using the above metal oxides can exhibit extremely low off-current characteristics of several yA / μm (current value per 1 μm of channel width). Furthermore, the transistors using metal oxides have characteristics different from those of transistors using Si, such as no impact ionization, no avalanche breakdown, and no short channel effect, and can form highly reliable circuits. Furthermore, the variation in electrical characteristics caused by non-uniformity in crystallinity, which is a problem in transistors using Si, is unlikely to occur in transistors using metal oxides.

[0237] The substrate temperature during deposition of the metal oxide film is preferably 350° C. or lower, more preferably room temperature or higher and 200° C. or lower, and further preferably room temperature or higher and 130° C. or lower. When the substrate temperature during deposition of the metal oxide film is room temperature, productivity can be increased, which is preferable.

[0238] The metal oxide film can be formed by a sputtering method, a PLD method, a PECVD method, a thermal CVD method, a MOCVD method, an ALD method, a vacuum deposition method, or the like.

[0239] This concludes the explanation of metal oxides.

[0240] This embodiment mode can be implemented by appropriately combining at least a part of it with other embodiment modes described in this specification.

[0241] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a pixel circuit included in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0242] A pixel of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes subpixels 11, 12, and 13. The pixel circuit of subpixel 11 includes a display device that emits visible light. The pixel circuit of subpixel 12 includes a light-emitting device that emits infrared light. The pixel circuit of subpixel 13 includes a light-receiving device.

[0243] 19A shows an example of a pixel circuit PIX1 that can be used for the subpixels 11 and 12. The pixel circuit PIX1 has a light-emitting device EL1, a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3, and a capacitor C1. Here, an example is shown in which a light-emitting diode is used as the light-emitting device EL1. It is preferable to use an organic EL element that emits visible light or an organic EL element that emits infrared light for the light-emitting device EL1.

[0244] The gate of the transistor M1 is electrically connected to the wiring G1, one of the source or drain is electrically connected to the wiring S1, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to one electrode of the capacitor C1 and the gate of the transistor M2. One of the source or drain of the transistor M2 is electrically connected to the wiring V2, and the other is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting device EL1 and one of the source or drain of the transistor M3. The gate of the transistor M3 is electrically connected to the wiring G2, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to the wiring V0. The cathode of the light-emitting device EL1 is electrically connected to the wiring V1.

[0245] A constant potential is supplied to the wiring V1 and the wiring V2. Light can be emitted by setting the anode side of the light-emitting device EL1 at a high potential and the cathode side at a low potential. The transistor M1 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G1, and functions as a selection transistor for controlling the selection state of the pixel circuit PIX1. The transistor M2 also functions as a drive transistor for controlling the current flowing through the light-emitting device EL1 according to the potential supplied to its gate.

[0246] When the transistor M1 is in a conductive state, the potential supplied to the wiring S1 is supplied to the gate of the transistor M2, and the light emission luminance of the light emitting device EL1 can be controlled according to the potential. The transistor M3 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G2. This allows the potential between the transistor M3 and the light emitting device EL1 to be reset to a constant potential supplied from the wiring V0, and allows a potential to be written to the gate of the transistor M2 with the source potential of the transistor M2 stabilized.

[0247] FIG. 19B shows an example of a pixel circuit PIX2 different from the pixel circuit PIX1. The pixel circuit PIX2 has a boost function. The pixel circuit PIX2 has a light-emitting device EL2, a transistor M4, a transistor M5, a transistor M6, a transistor M7, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C3. Here, an example is shown in which a light-emitting diode is used as the light-emitting device EL2. The pixel circuit PIX2 can be used for all of the sub-pixels 11 (sub-pixel 11R, sub-pixel 11G, sub-pixel 11B) and sub-pixel 12 of the pixel 10. The pixel circuit PIX2 may also be used for any one or two of the sub-pixels 11R, sub-pixel 11G, and sub-pixel 11B.

[0248] The transistor M4 has a gate electrically connected to the wiring G1, one of its source and drain electrically connected to the wiring S4, and the other of its source and drain electrically connected to one electrode of the capacitor C2, one electrode of the capacitor C3, and the gate of the transistor M6. The transistor M5 has a gate electrically connected to the wiring G3, one of its source and drain electrically connected to the wiring S5, and the other of its source and drain electrically connected to the other electrode of the capacitor C3.

[0249] One of the source and drain of the transistor M6 is electrically connected to the wiring V2, and the other is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting device EL2 and one of the source and drain of the transistor M7. The gate of the transistor M7 is electrically connected to the wiring G2, and the other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring V0. The cathode of the light-emitting device EL2 is electrically connected to the wiring V1.

[0250] The transistor M4 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G1, and the transistor M5 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G3. The transistor M6 functions as a drive transistor that controls the current flowing through the light emitting device EL2 in response to the potential supplied to its gate.

[0251] The light emission luminance of the light emitting device EL2 can be controlled according to the potential supplied to the gate of the transistor M6. The transistor M7 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G2. The potential between the transistor M6 and the light emitting device EL2 can be reset to a constant potential supplied from the wiring V0, and a potential can be written to the gate of the transistor M6 in a state in which the source potential of the transistor M6 is stabilized. Furthermore, the light emission of the light emitting device EL2 can be suppressed by setting the potential supplied from the wiring V0 to the same potential as the wiring V1 or a potential lower than the wiring V1.

[0252] The boost function of the pixel circuit PIX2 will be described below.

[0253] First, the potential "D1" of the wiring S4 is supplied to the gate of the transistor M6 via the transistor M4, and at the same time, the reference potential "V ref At this time, the capacitor C3 is supplied with “D1-V ref Next, the gate of the transistor M6 is floated, and the potential "D2" of the wiring S5 is supplied to the other electrode of the capacitor C3 via the transistor M5. Here, the potential "D2" is a potential for addition.

[0254] At this time, the capacitance of the capacitor C3 is C 3 , the capacitance value of the capacitor C2 is C 2 , the capacitance of the gate of transistor M6 is C M6 Then, the gate potential of transistor M6 is D1+(C 3 / (C 3 +C 2 +C M6 ))×(D2-V ref )), where C 3 The value of C 2 +C M6 Assuming that the value of C is sufficiently larger than 3 / (C 3 +C 2 +C M6 ) is close to 1. Therefore, the potential of the gate of the transistor M6 is “D1 + (D2 - V ref )” and D1=D2, so V ref If =0, then “D1+(D2-V ref ))”=“2D1”.

[0255] In other words, if the circuit is designed appropriately, a potential that is approximately twice the potential that can be input from the wiring S4 or S5 can be supplied to the gate of the transistor M6.

[0256] This function makes it possible to generate a high voltage even when using a general-purpose driver IC, which allows the input voltage to be lowered and power consumption to be reduced.

[0257] The pixel circuit PIX2 may have a configuration shown in Fig. 19C. The pixel circuit PIX2 shown in Fig. 19C differs from the pixel circuit PIX2 shown in Fig. 19B in that it includes a transistor M8. The gate of the transistor M8 is electrically connected to the wiring G1, one of the source or the drain is electrically connected to the other of the source or the drain of the transistor M5 and the other electrode of the capacitor C3, and the other of the source or the drain is electrically connected to the wiring V0. Also, one of the source or the drain of the transistor M5 is connected to the wiring S4.

[0258] 19B, the pixel circuit PIX2 supplies the reference potential and the potential for addition to the other electrode of the capacitor C3 via the transistor M5 as described above. In this case, two lines S4 and S5 are required, and the reference potential and the potential for addition must be alternately rewritten on the line S5.

[0259] In the pixel circuit PIX2 shown in Fig. 19C, the number of transistors M8 is increased, but a dedicated path for supplying the reference potential is provided, so the wiring S5 can be reduced. Also, the gate of the transistor M8 can be connected to the wiring G1, and the wiring V0 can be used for supplying the reference potential, so the number of wirings connected to the transistor M8 does not increase. Also, the reference potential and the potential for addition are not alternately rewritten on a single wiring, so high-speed operation with low power consumption is possible.

[0260] In addition, in FIG. 19B and FIG. 19C, the reference potential “V ref In this case, a potential about three times the potential that can be input from the wiring S4 or S5 can be supplied to the gate of the transistor M6. Note that the inverted potential means a potential whose absolute value of the difference from a certain reference potential is the same (or approximately the same) but different from the original potential. The original potential is "D1", the inverted potential is "D1B", and the reference potential is V 0 Then, V 0 The relationship should be =(D1+D1B) / 2.

[0261] In the display device of the present embodiment, an image may be displayed by emitting light from the light-emitting device in a pulsed manner. By shortening the driving time of the light-emitting device, it is possible to reduce the power consumption of the display device and suppress heat generation. In particular, organic EL elements are suitable because they have excellent frequency characteristics. The frequency can be, for example, 1 kHz or more and 100 MHz or less.

[0262] 19D shows an example of a pixel circuit PIX3 of the subpixel 13. The pixel circuit PIX3 has a light receiving device PD, a transistor M9, a transistor M10, a transistor M11, a transistor M12, and a capacitor C4. Here, an example is shown in which a photodiode is used as the light receiving device PD.

[0263] The cathode of the light receiving device PD is electrically connected to the wiring V1, and the anode is electrically connected to one of the source or drain of the transistor M9. The gate of the transistor M9 is electrically connected to the wiring G4, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to one electrode of the capacitor C4, one of the source or drain of the transistor M10, and the gate of the transistor M11. The gate of the transistor M10 is electrically connected to the wiring G5, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to the wiring V3. The source or drain of the transistor M11 is electrically connected to the wiring V4, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to one of the source or drain of the transistor M12. The gate of the transistor M12 is electrically connected to the wiring G6, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to the wiring OUT.

[0264] A constant potential is supplied to the wiring V1, the wiring V3, and the wiring V4. When the light receiving device PD is driven with a reverse bias, a potential lower than the potential of the wiring V1 is supplied to the wiring V3. The transistor M10 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G5 and has a function of resetting the potential of the node connected to the gate of the transistor M11 to the potential supplied to the wiring V3. The transistor M9 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G4 and has a function of controlling the timing at which the potential of the node changes according to the current flowing through the light receiving device PD. The transistor M11 functions as an amplification transistor that outputs according to the potential of the node. The transistor M12 is controlled by a signal supplied to the wiring G6 and functions as a selection transistor for reading out the output according to the potential of the node in an external circuit connected to the wiring OUT.

[0265] Here, it is preferable that the transistors M1 to M12 included in the pixel circuits PIX1 to PIX3 each be a transistor using a metal oxide (oxide semiconductor) for a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.

[0266] A transistor using a metal oxide, which has a wider band gap and a lower carrier density than silicon, can realize an extremely small off-state current, which allows charge stored in a capacitor connected in series with the transistor to be held for a long period of time.

[0267] Therefore, it is preferable to use transistors using an oxide semiconductor for transistors M1, M4, M5, M8, M9, and M10, whose sources or drains are connected to capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively. By using a transistor using an oxide semiconductor for subpixel 13, it is possible to apply a global shutter method in which charge is accumulated simultaneously in all pixels without complicating the circuit configuration and operation method.

[0268] Similarly, when a transistor including an oxide semiconductor is used for other transistors, manufacturing costs can be reduced.

[0269] Alternatively, the transistors M1 to M12 may each be a transistor in which silicon is used as a semiconductor in which a channel is formed. In particular, the use of silicon with high crystallinity, such as single crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon, is preferable because high field-effect mobility can be achieved and faster operation can be achieved.

[0270] Alternatively, one or more of the transistors M1 to M12 may include an oxide semiconductor, and the remaining transistors may include silicon. By using a transistor including an oxide semiconductor as a transistor connected to a node for storing data, the node can store data for a long time. Therefore, the number of times data is written can be reduced, and the power consumption of the display device can be reduced.

[0271] Although an example using n-channel transistors is illustrated in FIGS. 19A to 19D, p-channel transistors can also be used.

[0272] The transistors of the pixel circuits PIX1, PIX2, and PIX3 are preferably formed side by side on the same substrate. Among the wirings connected to the pixel circuits PIX1 to PIX3, the wirings indicated by the same reference numerals in Figs. 19A to 19D may be common wirings.

[0273] It is also preferable to provide one or more layers having either or both of a transistor and a capacitor at a position overlapping the light receiving device PD, the light emitting device EL1, or the light emitting device EL2, thereby making it possible to reduce the effective area occupied by each pixel circuit and realize a high-definition light receiving section or display section.

[0274] FIG. 20 is an example of a circuit diagram of subpixels 11 (subpixels 11R, 11G, and 11B), 12, and 13 included in pixel 10. The wirings G1 and G2 can be electrically connected to a gate driver (circuit 16 in FIG. 5). The wirings G3 to G5 can be electrically connected to a row driver (circuit 18 in FIG. 5). The wirings S1 to S4 can be electrically connected to a source driver (circuit 15 in FIG. 5). The wiring OUT can be electrically connected to a column driver (circuit 17 in FIG. 5) and a readout circuit (circuit 19 in FIG. 5).

[0275] A power supply circuit that supplies a constant potential can be electrically connected to the wirings V0 to V4, and a low potential can be supplied to the wirings V0, V1, and V3, and a high potential can be supplied to the wirings V2 and V4. In this case, a potential lower than the potential supplied to the wiring V1 can be supplied to the wiring V3.

[0276] 21, the anode of the light receiving device PD of the subpixel 13 may be electrically connected to a wiring V1, and the other of the source or the drain of the transistor M10 may be electrically connected to a wiring V3. In this case, a potential higher than the potential supplied to the wiring V1 may be supplied to the wiring V3.

[0277] In one embodiment of the present invention, the subpixels 11, 12, and 13 can share a power supply line or the like.

[0278] This embodiment mode can be implemented by appropriately combining at least a part of it with other embodiment modes described in this specification. [Explanation of symbols]

[0279] C1: capacitor, C2: capacitor, C3: capacitor, C4: capacitor, G1: wiring, G2: wiring, G3: wiring, G4: wiring, G5: wiring, G6: wiring, M1: transistor, M2: transistor, M3: transistor, M4: transistor, M5: transistor, M6: transistor, M7: transistor, M8: transistor, M9: transistor, M10: transistor, M11: transistor, M12: transistor, P1: image, P2: image, P3: image, PIX1: pixel circuit, PIX2: pixel circuit, PIX3: pixel circuit, S1: wiring , S4: wiring, S5: wiring, V0: wiring, V1: wiring, V2: wiring, V3: wiring, V4: wiring, 10: pixel, 11: subpixel, 11B: subpixel, 11G: subpixel, 11R: subpixel, 11W: subpixel, 12: subpixel, 12E: light source, 13: subpixel, 14: pixel array, 15: circuit, 16: circuit, 17: circuit, 18: circuit, 19: circuit, 21: light, 22: light, 23: light, 23a: light, 23b: reflected light, 23c: light, 23d: reflected light, 30: electronic device, 31: display device, 41: transistor, 42: transistor, 50A: display device, 50B: display device, 50C : display device, 50D: display device, 50E: display device, 61: display unit, 62: housing, 63: camera, 64: optical sensor, 65: power button, 66: button, 67: speaker, 68: microphone, 69: light source, 71: icon, 72: pointer, 81: pointing object, 82: light source, 83: shadow, 84: dark area, 87: sensor, 90: area, 91: area, 92: dark area, 93: light area, 95: area, 96: area, 97: light area, 98: dark area, 100A: display device, 100B: display device, 100C: display device, 100D: display device, 110: light receiving device, 111: pixel electrode, 112 : common layer, 113: photoelectric conversion layer, 114: common layer, 115: common electrode, 142: adhesive layer, 143: space, 148: light shielding layer, 149: filter, 151: substrate, 152: substrate, 153: substrate, 154: substrate, 155: adhesive layer, 162: display unit, 164a: circuit, 164b: circuit, 165: wiring, 165a: wiring, 165b: wiring, 166: conductive layer, 172a: FPC, 172b: FPC, 173a: IC, 173b: IC, 180: display device, 182: buffer layer, 183: light emitting layer, 184: buffer layer, 190: light emitting device, 191: pixel electrode,192: buffer layer, 193: light-emitting layer, 194: buffer layer, 195: protective layer, 195a: inorganic insulating layer, 195b: organic insulating layer, 195c: inorganic insulating layer, 201: transistor, 204: connection portion, 205: transistor, 206: transistor, 208: transistor, 209: transistor, 210: transistor, 211: insulating layer, 212: insulating layer, 213: insulating layer, 214: insulating layer, 215: insulating layer, 216: partition wall, 217: partition wall, 218: insulating layer, 221: conductive layer, 222a: conductive layer, 222b: conductive layer, 223: conductive layer, 225: insulating layer, 228: region, 231: semiconductor layer, 231i: channel formation region, 231n: low resistance region, 242: connection layer,

Claims

1. A display unit is provided with a plurality of light emitting devices and a plurality of light receiving devices, When the pointing object is on the display unit, a first function of detecting light attenuated by the pointing object using the light receiving device without emitting light from the light emitting device, thereby recognizing a pointing position of the pointing object; a second function of emitting light from the light-emitting device and detecting the light reflected by the pointing object with the light-receiving device to recognize a pointing position of the pointing object, the light emitting device comprises a first electrode, a portion of a first common layer, a light emitting layer, a portion of a second common layer, and a portion of a second electrode; the light-receiving device includes a third electrode, another part of the first common layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, another part of the second common layer, and another part of the second electrode; the first common layer is one or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer; the second common layer is one or both of an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer; the first common layer has a region in contact with the second common layer in the periphery of the light emitting layer, A display device, wherein the first common layer has a region in contact with the second common layer around the photoelectric conversion layer.

2. A display unit is provided with a plurality of light-emitting devices and a plurality of light-receiving devices, When the pointing object is on the display unit, a first function of detecting light attenuated by the pointing object using the light receiving device without emitting light from the light emitting device, thereby recognizing a pointing position of the pointing object; a second function of emitting light from the light-emitting device and detecting the light reflected by the pointing object with the light-receiving device to recognize a pointing position of the pointing object, an adhesive layer having an area overlapping the light emitting device and an area overlapping the light receiving device; a lens having an area in contact with the adhesive layer; a light-shielding layer adjacent to the lens, the light emitting device comprises a first electrode, a portion of a first common layer, a light emitting layer, a portion of a second common layer, and a portion of a second electrode; the light-receiving device includes a third electrode, another part of the first common layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, another part of the second common layer, and another part of the second electrode; the first common layer is one or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer; the second common layer is one or both of an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer; the first common layer has a region in contact with the second common layer in the periphery of the light emitting layer, the first common layer has a region in contact with the second common layer in the periphery of the photoelectric conversion layer, the lens is disposed to overlap the light receiving device; A display device, wherein the lens has a convex surface on the adhesive layer side.

Images