Apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition, method for producing materials such as apple-derived procyanidin, and use of apple juice centrifugation residue

Abstract

To provide a technique for utilizing apple juice centrifugal residues with high usefulness and practicability.SOLUTION: A procyanidin-containing composition derived from an apple juice centrifugal residue is provided in the form of food product, food additive, medicine or cosmetic for health condition improvement or for cosmetic improvement. A method for producing a raw material such as apple-derived procyanidin is a method for producing a raw material of procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (such as procyanidin), which is constituted by including: a liquid squeezing process P1 of obtaining juice 20 from an apple 10; and a centrifugal separation process P2 of supplying the juice 20 to centrifugal separation treatment to obtain a centrifugal residue (pulp) 30. The centrifugal residue (pulp) 30 becomes a raw material 40 such as procyanidin directly or through post-treatment such as drying treatment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention Apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition, method for producing materials such as apple-derived procyanidin, and use of apple juice centrifugation residue relates to a proanthocyanidin-containing composition and the like that can also be an effective utilization measure for apple juice centrifugal residue, which is waste produced in the process of producing cloudy apple juice.

Background Art

[0002] Apple juice includes cloudy juice and clear juice. The juice obtained by squeezing raw apples is cloudy juice, and the clear juice is obtained by decomposing solid components such as dietary fiber by enzymatic treatment from the cloudy juice and then removing them by filtration or the like. In cloudy apple juice, the color derived from raw apples is more directly presented, while clear apple juice has a considerable degree of transparency by filtration.

[0003] In any type, a large amount of squeezing residue is produced during the production of apple juice, but this is hardly utilized and is discarded at a cost. The production of cloudy apple juice is usually carried out by a process in which raw juice is obtained by crushing and squeezing raw apples, and then pulp (centrifugal residue) is separated by centrifugation so that oil does not precipitate in the product. The pulp obtained by the centrifugation process is also discarded as it is unused.

[0004] Regarding the effective utilization technology of squeezing residue among the residues produced in the apple juice production process, there have been conventional patent applications and the like. The applicant has also previously disclosed an invention of incense using apple fruit squeezing residue as part of the raw material (Patent Document 1). Incense with the smell of apples has existed conventionally, but because it uses artificial fragrances, it is far from the smell of natural apples, and the smell is too strong even before use (before combustion), which is not preferable. The disclosed invention is an improvement of this, and a natural apple smell is generated during ignition and combustion.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] As described above, after the raw apple pressing process in the production of cloudy apple juice, centrifugation of the pulp (centrifugal residue) is performed so that oligosaccharides do not precipitate in the product. However, the pulp produced here is discarded as unused. The utilization technology of apple juice (raw juice) centrifugal residue, such as the search for useful substances, has not yet been seriously studied. Such efforts are meaningful for promoting and developing the apple production and processing industries. Hereinafter, "raw juice centrifugal residue" will be simply referred to as "juice centrifugal residue".

[0007] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a highly useful and practical utilization technology for apple juice centrifugal residue, including the search for useful substances, based on the current situation of such prior art.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The inventor of the present application newly discovered that apple juice centrifugal residue, which is waste, is rich in polyphenols, especially procyanidins. And it was conceived that the centrifugal residue (pulp) can be effectively utilized as a polyphenol-rich material, and functional materials derived from procyanidins and the like can be provided at low cost, and can also be applied to pharmaceuticals such as lipid abnormality improvers and foods with functionality. Based on this, research was carried out and the present invention was completed. That is, the invention claimed in the present application, or at least the disclosed invention, as means for solving the above problems is as follows.

[0009] 〔1〕 A procyanidin-containing composition derived from the centrifugal residue of apple juice (hereinafter also referred to as "pulp") (the "composition" includes "solid or liquid extracts". The same applies hereinafter) Comprising: The following <h>A procyanidin-containing composition, characterized in that it is for improving any of the listed health conditions.< / h> <h>Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormalities (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of the onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism< / h>

[0010] 〔2〕 The following The procyanidin-containing composition according to [1], which is in any of the forms described. Food, food additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics [3] The following <h>A method for producing a raw material of procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (hereinafter referred to as "procyanidin etc.") for improving any of the listed health conditions, comprising a juice extraction process of obtaining juice from apples and a centrifugation process of subjecting the juice to centrifugation treatment to obtain centrifugal residue (pulp), characterized in that it is a method for producing a raw material of apple-derived procyanidin etc. <h>Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormalities (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of the onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism [4] The following <h>A procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (hereinafter referred to as "procyanidin, etc.") for improving any of the listed health conditions For producing Use of apple juice centrifugation residue (pulp) as a raw material. <h>Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormalities (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of the onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism

Advantages of the Invention

[0011] Since the present invention Apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition, method for producing materials such as apple-derived procyanidin, and use of apple juice centrifugation residue is configured as described above, according to these, apple juice centrifugation residues that are produced in large quantities during the apple juice manufacturing process and have conventionally been treated as waste can be used as procyanidin-containing materials and polyphenol-rich materials, which are effective components for health and beauty, and can be applied to, for example, foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc.

[0012] The polyphenol content of the apple juice centrifugation residues, which are raw material materials such as procyanidins according to the present invention, shows a value of 127 mg / 100 g, which is very high. And a considerable amount of it is procyanidin with particularly high antioxidant power. Therefore, by applying the present invention, which is a technology for utilizing the parts that have been conventionally discarded, the various functions and effects of procyanidin can be provided easily and at low cost. In the present invention, in particular, a very high secondary bile acid adsorbability has been obtained, and a cholesterol-lowering effect, a colorectal cancer preventive effect, etc. can be expected.

[0013] In addition, since the material according to the present invention is derived from the tissue of apple fruits that has no problem at all in terms of the richness of food experience, when this is applied to foods, it can provide those with good flavor and can also be provided without any problem in terms of safety. Also, the materials such as procyanidins of the present invention can be produced in parallel during the apple juice manufacturing process, and the same materials as apple juice can be obtained simultaneously. As described above, the present invention can provide a utilization technology with high usefulness and practicality using apple juice centrifugation residues as waste.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0015] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the configuration of a method for manufacturing materials such as apple-derived procyanidins of the present invention. As shown in the figure, this manufacturing method is a method for manufacturing materials of procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (such as procyanidin), and mainly comprises a juice extraction process P1 for obtaining fruit juice 20 from apples 10, and a centrifugation process P2 for subjecting the fruit juice 20 to centrifugation treatment to obtain a centrifugation residue (pulp) 30. The centrifugation residue (pulp) 30 becomes materials 40 such as procyanidin as it is or after undergoing post-treatment such as drying treatment.

[0016] According to this manufacturing method with such a configuration, fruit juice 20 is obtained from apples 10 in the juice extraction process P1, and then the fruit juice 20 is centrifuged in the centrifugation process P2 to obtain a centrifugation residue (pulp) 30. The centrifugation residue (pulp) 30 becomes materials 40 such as procyanidin finally as it is or after undergoing drying treatment or other necessary post-treatment (post-treatment process P3). Since the centrifugation residue (pulp) 30 still has a high water content, it is desirable to perform dehydration treatment such as drying treatment as the post-treatment process P3 in consideration of storage, distribution, etc.

[0017] Conventionally, the centrifugation residue (pulp) 30 has been treated at a cost as waste. By the manufacturing method of the present invention, this can be utilized as materials 40 such as procyanidin with extremely high usefulness as it is or just by performing post-treatment such as drying treatment.

[0018] Materials such as procyanidin 40 are used in the production of the procyanidin-containing composition described below. Note that the materials such as procyanidin 40 itself, which uses the centrifugal residue (pulp) 30 as a raw material, and the procyanidin finally obtained from apples are also within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the use of apple juice centrifugal residue (pulp) as a material such as procyanidin is also within the scope of the present invention.

[0019] The procyanidin-containing composition derived from the centrifugal residue (pulp) of apple juice is also within the scope of the present invention. Such an apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition can be obtained by using the materials such as procyanidin 40 by the above-mentioned production method and appropriately performing necessary treatments thereon, such as separation and purification treatments, mixing treatments with other materials, homogenization treatments, forming treatments, sterilization treatments, etc. Note that the composition also includes solid or liquid extracts.

[0020] Such apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions of the present invention include those in a wide range of forms and uses. As procyanidin-containing compositions for improving the health of humans and animals, for example, apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions for the uses of reducing visceral fat, improving hyperlipidemia, improving lipid abnormalities (excluding reducing visceral fat and improving hyperlipidemia), suppressing the onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improving anti-allergy, improving immunity, improving glucose metabolism, etc.

[0021] Specific product examples of apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions for these uses are pharmaceuticals and functional foods. In the present application, "functional foods" include both foods with functional claims and foods for specified health uses, and further include those for animals as well as for humans.

[0022] In addition, as procyanidin-containing compositions for improving beauty among the apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions of the present invention, for example, apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions for uses such as whitening and hair growth. Specific product examples of apple-derived procyanidin-containing compositions for these uses are cosmetics and hair tonics.

[0023] In addition, the apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition of the present invention can also be in the form of food, food additives, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics. However, foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics containing any of such procyanidin-containing compositions are also within the scope of the present invention.

[0024] In addition, foods containing the apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition include apple-based beverages such as apple juice and apple-based foods. That is, in the case of apple-based beverages, for example, a liquid procyanidin-containing composition is produced using procyanidin and other raw materials obtained in the apple juice production process, and apple juice added with such a liquid procyanidin-containing product, soft drinks containing apple juice, whey beverages, alcoholic beverages, and the like.

[0025] In the case of apple-based foods, for example, a powdered procyanidin-containing composition is produced using procyanidin and other raw materials obtained in the apple juice production process, and Worcestershire sauce, gravy sauce, dressing sauce, and other sauces, seasonings such as miso and soy sauce, apple pie and other Western confectioneries, Japanese confectioneries, snacks such as dried apples, etc., to which such a powdered procyanidin-containing product is added.

Examples

[0026] Examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Note that the examples will be the outline description of the research process leading to the present invention. Research theme: Analysis of polyphenols in apple juice centrifugation residue and development of effective utilization technology for the centrifugation residue 1 Purpose In the process of manufacturing cloudy apple juice, after obtaining the raw juice by crushing and pressing, the pulp is often separated by centrifugation so that the dregs do not precipitate in the product. Preliminary tests confirmed that the pulp (centrifugal residue) obtained by centrifugation may contain abundant polyphenols. If the centrifugal residue contains abundant polyphenols, it can be effectively utilized as a polyphenol-rich material. Therefore, it was decided to analyze polyphenols in more detail in terms of components and functionality, etc.

[0027] 2 Method (1) Sample preparation After centrifugation, it was investigated how the polyphenols contained in the raw juice were divided between the supernatant juice and the residue. Figure 2 is a flowchart showing the sample preparation method in the examples. As shown in the figure, after crushing the apples with a hood slicer, they were put into a bag for fiberized sake and pressed with a manual press to obtain the raw juice. The raw juice was thoroughly stirred to make it uniform and sampled (category: raw juice). After measuring the weight after sampling, this raw juice was centrifuged under the conditions of 10,000 rpm and 20 min for a 1 L rotor. Through the above treatment, samples of 3 categories (raw juice, supernatant juice, centrifugal residue) were obtained.

[0028] The apples used in the experiment were Fujis harvested in November 2019 from the apple orchard of the applicant, Moriyaen Co., Ltd., and stored at low temperature for about 1 month. Also, the weight of the supernatant juice after centrifugation was measured. The weight of the centrifugal residue was taken as the difference between the weight of the raw juice and the weight of the supernatant juice. Each prepared sample was stored frozen at -20°C until used for analysis.

[0029] (2) Analysis method The total polyphenol content was determined as follows: 5 ml of DMSO was added to 1 g of the sample, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 20 minutes for extraction. Then, the entire volume was transferred to a volumetric flask and diluted to 50 ml with water. After thorough stirring to make it uniform, 1 ml of the diluted solution was placed in an Eppendorf tube and centrifuged, and the supernatant was used for analysis (50-fold dilution). The analysis was performed by the Folin-Denis method, and the colorimetric operation was quantified using a microplate by taking the average absorbance of 5 to 8 wells. Gallic acid was used as the standard sample, and the results were expressed as the equivalent amount of gallic acid. Furthermore, qualitative analysis of procyanidin (catechin polymer), which is said to be the main polyphenol contained in apples, was performed using the 50-fold diluted solution under the following conditions.

[0030] Analysis conditions · Measuring device: High-performance liquid chromatograph (Hitachi L-2000 series) · Column: Inertsil® WP300 Diol (inner diameter 4.6 mm × length 250 mm, particle size 5 μm) (GL Science) · Column temperature: 35 °C · Excitation wavelength 230 nm, fluorescence wavelength 321 nm · Injection volume: 5 μL · Eluent: Solution A (acetonitrile: water = 98:2), Solution B (methanol: water: acetic acid = 95:3:2) · Gradient conditions are as shown in Table 1 below.

[0031]

Table 1

[0032] The bile acid adsorption of the centrifugal residue was measured. In addition, chitosan (Sigma-Aldrich® 448877), sake lees (sake lees made from Aomori Prefecture's rice variety "Mashigura"® using 60% polished rice), and cholestyramine, which is also used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia as a bile acid adsorbent, were measured and compared. Restyramine resin (wako 591-0281) was used as cholestyramine. The centrifugal residue and sake lees were freeze-dried to prepare samples. The measurement method was as follows: 1.5 ml of 500 μM deoxycholic acid (dissolved in PBS, pH 7.2) was added to 10 mg of the sample, and the mixture was reacted at 37°C for 30 minutes with sufficient stirring. Then, the concentration was determined using a bile acid measurement kit Wako (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation), and the adsorption amount per 1 g of the sample was expressed.

[0033] 3 Results (1) Total weight of each fraction The weights of each fraction are shown in Table 2. As shown here, the yield of the centrifugal residue was 2.6% with respect to the original fruit juice.

[0034]

Table 2

[0035] (2) Total polyphenol content of each fraction The total polyphenol content of each fraction is as shown in Table 3. Although there was no significant difference in the total polyphenol content between the original fruit juice and the supernatant fruit juice, the supernatant fruit juice had a lower content. On the other hand, the centrifugal residue contained 127 mg / 100 g of polyphenols, which was about 7.5 times the polyphenol concentration of the supernatant fruit juice.

[0036]

Table 3

[0037] (3) Polyphenol balance Table 4 shows the total amount of polyphenols in each fractionated sample. The total amount in the sample is Total weight of the fractionated sample × Polyphenol concentration It was determined by . The total amount of polyphenols obtained by adding the supernatant juice and the centrifugation residue was slightly higher than that of the original juice.

[0038] [Table 4]

[0039] (4) Procyanidin analysis Figure 3 is a chromatogram of the results of qualitative analysis of procyanidins. In the figure, a represents the original juice, b represents the supernatant juice, and c represents the results of the centrifugation residue. As shown in the figure, procyanidins separated and detected after a retention time of 5 minutes were not detected in the original juice and the supernatant juice, but were confirmed only in the centrifugation residue. Procyanidin is a polymer with catechin as its basic structure. Since its quantification could not be performed because there is no commercially available standard substance for each degree of polymerization, it was not possible. However, it was shown that the procyanidin content may increase in the precipitate (centrifugation residue) that can be recovered by centrifugation.

[0040] (5) Bile acid adsorption Figure 4 is a graph showing the adsorption of deoxycholic acid, a secondary bile acid, and shows the amount of deoxycholic acid adsorbed (mM / g) in each sample. Also, "AJP: Apple juice centrifuge" in the figure is the centrifugation residue. As shown in the figure, the centrifugation residue showed 8 times the bile acid adsorption of chitosan and 2 times that of sake lees, and also showed 53% of the bile acid adsorption of cholestyramine.

[0041] 4 Discussion (1) High polyphenol concentration in the centrifugation residue It was confirmed that the polyphenol concentration in the centrifugation residue during apple juice production is quite high. This indicates that the solid content in the juice contains polyphenols at a high concentration. It has been conventionally known that polyphenols exist as bound procyanidins in the cell wall fiber of apple fruits. There is also a possibility that polyphenols are adsorbed to fiber components such as pectin. These are considered to be the reasons for the high amount of polyphenols in the centrifugation residue (pulp).

[0042] In this experiment, the total amount in the raw juice did not equal the total amount of the supernatant juice plus the centrifuged residue. This is presumably due to sampling errors and the like. However, it is certain that part of the polyphenols contained in the raw juice was concentrated in the centrifuged residue. This is also supported by the qualitative analysis results of procyanidins.

[0043] (2) Effect of procyanidins in the centrifuged residue Apple procyanidins are said to have the effect of reducing visceral fat and are the components that serve as the basis for apple functional foods. This effect is thought to be due to a decrease in lipid absorption into the body by inhibiting lipase activity. In the centrifuged residue sample of this experiment, the adsorptivity to bile acids themselves was very high, and a sufficient cholesterol-lowering effect could be expected.

[0044] Cholestyramine, which is used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, is to be taken at 4 g per dose, 2 to 3 times a day. The centrifuged residue used in this experiment showed a bile acid adsorptivity of 53% that of cholestyramine. Therefore, simply converting this to the dosage for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, it corresponds to 7.5 g per dose. In addition, the deoxycholic acid used in this experiment is a secondary bile acid that is said to be involved in the development of colorectal cancer, and the centrifuged residue sample can also be expected to have the effect of excreting these out of the body.

[0045] (3) Usefulness of the centrifuged residue From the above, it was confirmed that the present invention enables the provision of a high-polyphenol lipid abnormality improver that is effective in improving lipid abnormalities such as reducing visceral fat and improving hyperlipidemia by using apple juice centrifuged residue that has not been conventionally utilized. In addition, procyanidins are said to be effective not only in improving lipid abnormalities but also in suppressing the onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improving anti-allergy, improving immunity, and improving glucose metabolism, and the present invention can provide effective improvement means for these as well.

[0046] The discharge amount of the centrifugal residue during juice production in this experiment was 2.6% by weight. Since the apple juice production volume in Aomori Prefecture is estimated to be about 70,000 tons, 1,800 tons of centrifugal residue will be discharged by centrifugation. It was confirmed by this experiment that the centrifugal residue, which was conventionally disposed of, is useful not only as a dietary fiber material but also as a high-polyphenol material.

Industrial Applicability

[0047] According to the present invention, Apple-derived procyanidin-containing composition, method for producing materials such as apple-derived procyanidin, and use of apple juice centrifugation residue the apple juice centrifugal residue produced in the apple juice manufacturing process and conventionally treated as waste can be used as a procyanidin-containing material and a high-polyphenol-containing material, which are effective ingredients for health and beauty, and can be applied to foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc. Therefore, it is an invention with high industrial applicability in the fields of apple production, apple juice manufacturing, food manufacturing, functional food manufacturing, and further in the manufacturing fields of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc., and all related fields.

Explanation of Symbols

[0048] 10…Apple 20…Juice 30…Centrifugal residue (pulp) 40…Materials such as procyanidin P1…Juice extraction process P2…Centrifugation process P3…Post-treatment process< / h> < / h> < / h> < / h>

Claims

1. A procyanidin-containing composition derived from the centrifugation residue of apple juice (hereinafter also referred to as "pulp") (the "composition" includes "solid or liquid extracts"), hereinafter the same), characterized in that it is for improving any of the health conditions listed in the following <H>, a procyanidin-containing composition. <H> Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormality (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism

2. The procyanidin-containing composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is in any of the forms described in the following . Foods, food additives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics

3. A method for producing a raw material of procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (hereinafter referred to as "procyanidin etc.") for improving any of the health conditions listed in the following <H>, comprising a juice extraction process of obtaining juice from apples and a centrifugation process of subjecting the juice to centrifugation treatment to obtain a centrifugation residue (pulp), characterized in that it is a method for producing a raw material of procyanidin etc. derived from apples. <H> Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormality (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism

4. Use of apple juice centrifugation residue (pulp) as a raw material for producing procyanidin or a procyanidin-containing composition (hereinafter referred to as "procyanidin etc.") for improving any of the health conditions listed in the following <H>. <H> Reduction of visceral fat, improvement of hyperlipidemia, improvement of lipid abnormality (excluding reduction of visceral fat and improvement of hyperlipidemia), suppression of onset of colorectal cancer or other cancers, improvement of anti-allergy, improvement of immunity, improvement of glucose metabolism

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