Combined configuration structure

Abstract

To provide a joint arrangement structure which can be three-dimensionally provided with a relatively small-scaled structure particularly well.SOLUTION: A joint arrangement structure comprises a spacer fabric 1 having a production direction and a transverse direction. The spacer fabric comprises a first flat fabric layer 2, a second flat fabric layer 3, and a spacer yarn 4 joining the fabric layers 2, 3, and the joint arrangement structure comprises a cover / decorative layer 5 connected to the first flat fabric layer 2. The spacer fabric 1 comprises a compression range 7. In the compression range, in order to structure the cover / decorative layer 5, the spacer fabric 1 is at least partially compressed continuously and the first flat fabric layer 2 facing the cover / decorative layer 5 has a ductility greater than the second fabric layer 3 in the production direction and the transverse direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bonding arrangement structure comprising a spacer fabric having a production direction and a transverse direction, the spacer fabric comprising a first flat fabric layer, a second flat fabric layer, and spacer yarns connecting these fabric layers, and having a cover / decorative layer connected to the first flat fabric layer.

Background Art

[0002] The bonding arrangement structure is provided, in particular, for a seat cover or an interior panel, or is configured as a seat cover or an interior panel.

[0003] The assignment of the production direction and the transverse direction is normal in a woven fabric, and the production direction is also called the weaving direction or the longitudinal direction. In the spacer fabric, the yarns forming the fabric individually extend along the production direction or the weaving direction, and based on this, usually have a repetitive weaving pattern (weave pattern), whereby, for example, the spacer yarns extend back and forth between the two fabric layers with a shift along the transverse direction in some cases.

[0004] According to the normal terminology definition, both flat fabric layers comprise a welt extending along the production direction and a course extending along the transverse direction.

[0005] The spacer fabric is outstanding due to its lightweight and breathable structure, and the spacer fabric has elasticity in its thickness direction by spacer yarns extending between the two fabric layers. For this purpose, usually monofilament yarns are provided as the spacer yarns, and the monofilament yarns have a relatively large return action based on their structure.

[0006] Due to its elastic properties, the spacer fabric can be provided in mattresses, upholstered furniture, clothing or shoes as a soft and elastic layer that enables air circulation. As a technical fabric, the spacer fabric is used in the automotive field, for example, for air-conditioned seats and seat covers. Based on its cushioning properties and very good return characteristics, the spacer fabric enables good contour conformity.

[0007] Furthermore, the spacer fabric in the automotive field is also particularly suitable for other applications such as furniture making, especially for bottom fillings. Therefore, the spacer fabric in the automotive field is used for interior panels and can be used as a bonding material with fabric layers laminated with the spacer fabric, such as leather, synthetic leather or roof liners, dashboards, center consoles and decorative films inside the doors.

[0008] At this time, the bonding material or bonding arrangement structure between the spacer fabric and the cover / decorative layer is usually bonded to the rigid or flexible base structure located below it. For example, the bonding arrangement structure can be applied to a rigid lower structure for interior panels or in furniture making, or can be applied to a flexible lower structure when forming seats or seat surfaces.

[0009] Whether in a rigid or flexible base structure, before the spacer fabric, some degree of compensation for roundness, curvature or other three-dimensional shaping is achieved, and in many cases, the advantage is obtained that excessive deformation and especially folding of the cover / decorative layer can be prevented. In addition, due to the flexibility of the spacer fabric, a comfortable and soft touch is obtained, and due to the elastic return force of the spacer fabric, at least the pre-set shape is maintained after elastic return.

[0010] Even if the spacer fabric is partially superior to other elastic materials with respect to such properties, in the case of products that are complex or highly demanding to mold, and especially in the case of long-life products, it is necessary to further improve the mechanical properties of the spacer fabric.

[0011] Patent Document 1 discloses a spacer fabric and a bonded arrangement structure formed thereon, having spacer yarns and a cover / decorative layer, and the bonded arrangement structure provides a reduced tear strength at a plurality of locations for an arrangement structure covering an airbag or an airbag flap.

[0012] For this purpose, both flat fabric layers of the spacer fabric are each formed of a base yarn system and another yarn system. The first part of the course is formed of at least the base yarn system, and the second part of the course is formed of the second yarn system. The yarns or the yarns of the base yarn system are guided in the second part of the course without forming stitches. The fabric layer has a slightly lower tear strength in the production direction in the second part of the course than in the first part of the course. Thus, by omitting the stitches, a transverse planned breaking line is formed, and in both flat fabric layers, appropriate planned breaking lines overlap or are arranged with a slight offset, so that both flat fabric layers are identically formed with respect to their functionality. Correspondingly, both fabric layers have at least comparable identical mechanical properties not only with respect to their tear strength but also with respect to their bending stiffness and ductility.

[0013] A bonding arrangement structure according to the preamble of claim 1 and a spacer fabric according to the preamble of claim 20 are known from Patent Document 2. The two fabric layers of the spacer fabric are basically different in terms of their structure and mechanical properties. In a bonding arrangement structure having a spacer fabric, different mechanical properties are particularly advantageously utilized. One of the two fabric layers can extend well in the production direction and the transverse direction, while the opposing cover layer has only extremely slight ductility in the production direction (weaving direction) and the transverse direction. Since the fabric layer having slight ductility is arranged adjacent to the cover-decoration layer, the fabric layer that can extend well faces the cover-decoration layer via spacer yarns.

[0014] Regarding the bending of the spacer fabric known from Patent Document 2 or the bonding material formed thereby, properties that are completely different from those of a uniform layer material are obtained. In a uniform layer material, such as a thick synthetic resin film or a cut foam, usually, neutral fibers are located at the center of the thickness during bending. In the spacer fabric according to Patent Document 2, during bending, the neutral fibers that do not undergo essential elongation or compressive strain are in the fabric layer located directly under the cover-decoration layer having slight ductility. Due to the properties of the spacer fabric and especially the properties of the directly following fabric layer having slight elongation, the cover-decoration layer is optimally protected against bending, restraint, or the like. During uniform concave or convex bending, the opposing fabric layer that can extend well can extend correspondingly or contract, which contributes to the optimal protection of the cover-decoration layer.

[0015] The bonding arrangement structure known from Patent Document 2 is outstanding due to its excellent properties when a large surface that is evenly bent or curved is to be provided, or when stuffing is to be inserted.

[0016] However, further improvement is needed regarding the alternative spatial arrangement structure.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0017]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Non-Patent Documents

[0018]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0019] Against this background, the problem underlying the present invention is to provide a bonding arrangement structure that can particularly well three-dimensionally provide a relatively small-scale structure.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0020] The subject matter and means for solving the problems of the present invention are the bonding arrangement structure according to claim 1.

[0021] Accordingly, based on a bonding arrangement structure of the same type, the spacer fabric has a compression range, in which the spacer fabric is continuously at least partially compressed for the structuring of the cover-decoration layer, and a first flat fabric layer facing the cover-decoration layer has a greater ductility than a second fabric layer in the production direction and the transverse direction.

[0022] As in Patent Document 2, a spacer fabric is used, and the cover layer of the spacer fabric has ductility in different, particularly clearly different production directions and transverse directions. However, according to Patent Document 2, a flat fabric layer having less ductility is connected to the cover-decoration layer, while according to the bonding arrangement structure of the present invention, a first flat fabric layer having greater ductility than the second fabric layer faces the cover-decoration layer. Surprisingly, just this reverse arrangement can achieve a particularly good three-dimensional configuration of the cover-decoration layer by compression of the spacer fabric in the compression range.

[0023] At this time, the spacer fabric is preferably compressed in the compression range by the joint between the cover-decoration layer and the second fabric layer. At this time, according to a particularly preferred configuration of the present invention, the cover-decoration layer can be stitched to the spacer fabric while integrating the second fabric layer in the compression range. At the stitching portion, the cover-decoration layer is pulled in the direction of the second fabric layer while the spacer fabric is at least partially compressed, so that at first, a depression is formed from the flat structure. And between adjacent compression ranges, the spacer fabric is not compressed or at least less compressed, so that a portion raised compared to the compression range occurs with respect to the cover-decoration layer.

[0024] Therefore, the bonding arrangement structure can be provided with a particularly attractive structure.

[0025] The structure can also contribute to improving ventilation to the occupant, for example, when used in a vehicle seat. First, to some extent, air conveyance along the compression range can be achieved in advance by the three-dimensional structure. However, particularly preferably, it is also possible to combine the bonding arrangement structure with the active ventilation of an air-conditioned seat.

[0026] By means of sewing or other joining, the compression areas can form a pattern selected from the group of rib patterns, rectangular patterns, diamond patterns and triangular patterns. Depending on the specific shape, the triangular pattern is also called a diamond pattern. The patterns described are merely exemplary, and of course arcuate, circular or irregular patterns and curvatures are also worth considering. Of course, it is also possible to partially combine different patterns with each other or to transition from one to the other.

[0027] In order to produce particularly high-quality and visually attractive seams, different stitch types are taken into account during sewing. For example, double chain stitch, straight stitch (embroidered stitch) or a backstitch including the like, chain stitch are worth considering. In practice, this is also called quilting in this context, which is also sewing in the sense of the present invention.

[0028] For example, in the case of a rib pattern, when adjacent compression areas and especially the seams do not cross, the distance between adjacent compression areas or the distance between the centers of each adjacent compression area can typically be 15 to 100 mm, especially 20 to 70 mm. The seams can extend straight and parallel to each other. Instead of this, the ribs can also be traced or formed by seams that are not exactly straight, for example extending in a wave-like or zigzag shape.

[0029] On the other hand, when the individual surfaces are separated by compression areas, the surfaces can typically have a size of 3 to 100 cm 2 、especially 8 to 50 cm 2 . Here too, the areas shown relate to the center of each compression area that can be formed, for example, by sewing. The described areas of the individual parts relate in particular to rectangular patterns, diamond patterns or triangular patterns.

[0030] The particularly good formability of the spacer fabric is attributable to various aspects. First, the first flat fabric layer facing the cover-decoration layer can be deformed particularly easily due to its good ductility. Thus, when the spacer fabric is compressed there during the generation of the compression range, due to the good ductility, in fact, no force distribution occurs along the plane of the first fabric layer. Therefore, the cover-decoration layer can be very well pressed into the first flat fabric layer.

[0031] Regarding the spacer fabric, the second flat fabric layer facing the cover-decoration layer has less, preferably clearly less ductility. The tensile force applied to the second fabric layer particularly by stitching in the compression range can be distributed over a larger range based on the slight ductility.

[0032] The second flat fabric layer and the cover-decoration layer disposed thereon extend arcuately in cross-section between two adjacent compression ranges. Thereby, due to the restoring force in the compression range, the tensile force acting in the plane of the second fabric layer is also applied to the second fabric layer. However, since the second fabric layer can extend slightly, particularly clearly less than the first fabric layer, it can withstand the tensile force. Therefore, regarding the coupling arrangement structure, the cover-decoration layer extending arcuately in cross-section between two adjacent compression ranges can be held or stretched to some extent.

[0033] To maintain the elastically supported cover-decoration layer in the desired three-dimensionally structured shape, thanks to the second fabric layer that can extend slightly, only the spacer fabric is sufficient. Therefore, an additional tensile-resistant layer made of fabric or the like is not necessary, which is advantageous regarding the simplest possible structure and good breathability.

[0034] According to the present invention, and different from the prior art according to Patent Document 2, the first flat fabric layer facing the cover-decoration layer has greater ductility than the second fabric layer in the production direction and the transverse direction. When the spacer fabric is bent under tension, the different ductilities can be easily recognized. And it is possible to directly check by hand which of the two fabric layers can be easily extended.

[0035] At this time, the greater ductility of the second fabric layer relates to the normal tensile force at which the material does not break.

[0036] Within the scope of the present invention, the ductility or elongation in the production direction and the transverse direction can also be quantified by DIN EN ISO13934-1:2013-08. When the elongation characteristics of the entire spacer fabric are to be calculated according to the prior art, it is based on the standard of "Tensile properties of fabrics - Textile surface formation - Part 1". However, here, on the one hand, it should be considered that the elongation characteristics should be determined for both flat fabric layers, and it is not necessary to determine the maximum tensile force.

[0037] Rather, within the scope of the present invention, for the comparison of both fabric layers, for example, the elongation at a preset tensile force of 25 N (Newton) is determined and compared. For this purpose, according to the preset standard, it is possible to form a strip of spacer fabric having a width of 50 mm. And the initial length can be set along the longitudinal direction of the strip, and with the initial length, then a fixing part is provided between the test sides of the elongation device. And finally, it is possible to cut the spacer yarn so that the first flat fabric layer and the second flat fabric layer can be separated from each other and their elongation characteristics can be tested.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, considering the above-described tests in the production direction and the transverse direction, the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is at least twice as much in the first flat fabric layer as in the second flat fabric layer, and as a result, a ratio of at least 2:1 is achieved. The ratio can easily be, for example, 3:1, 5:1 or 7:1. However, a ratio of 10:1 or greater can also be easily achieved.

[0039] At this time, in the production direction and the transverse direction, the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 25 to 60%, particularly 30 to 48% in the first flat fabric layer.

[0040] In contrast, in the production direction and the transverse direction, the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 1.5 to 10%, particularly 2 to 7% in the second flat fabric layer.

[0041] In the compression range, for example, at the seams, the spacer fabric is at least partially compressed. Usually, the spacer fabric is compressed to less than 70%, particularly less than 50% of the thickness of the spacer fabric in the uncompressed state. Particularly preferably, the spacer fabric is completely or almost completely compressed, so that only the thickness of the two fabric layers remains together with the compressed spacer yarns therebetween. And at this time, the spacer fabric is compressed to less than 40%, particularly less than 20% of the thickness in the uncompressed state, that is, shrunk, for example, in the compression range.

[0042] Even if the spacer fabric and the cover / decorative layer are joined to each other by, for example, threads in the compression range, that is, stitched, it is also possible to provide a material-bonded joint using an adhesive, particularly between the cover / decorative layer and the first fabric layer. Such adhesion contributes to additional fixation and enables the manufacturing process to be facilitated.

[0043] As already explained at the beginning, the cover / decorative layer can preferably be formed of leather or synthetic leather. However, basically, depending on the application, other materials such as decorative films or fabrics are also worth considering.

[0044] The thickness of the spacer fabric is usually 2 to 20 mm, and this description naturally relates to the non-compressed state. Depending on the thickness of the spacer fabric, for example, the strength at which the cover / decorative layer can be three-dimensionally patterned by compression of the spacer fabric is preset.

[0045] Preferably, at least one of the fabric layers is provided with openings formed by a plurality of machines respectively. Since each texture structure is not completely dense, there is always a certain degree of opening remaining between the individual threads. At this time, the feature that at least one of the fabric layers is provided with openings formed by a plurality of stitches does not relate to this normal texture structure, but relates to a special configuration of the corresponding fabric layer or both fabric layers, and as a result, openings larger than the stitches or the intermediate spaces between a single pair of stitches are formed therein.

[0046] In practice, the corresponding openings are obtained by a fillet arrangement, and for this purpose, typically, it is worked by two guide bars that are not completely covered. The corresponding arrangement pattern or mesh pattern is shown, for example, in Non-Patent Document 1.

[0047] With a suitable opening, it is possible to achieve particularly good air conveyance or generally fluid conveyance even in the thickness direction. According to Patent Document 2, suitable openings are also known for fabric layers having greater ductility. According to this prior art, this configuration is also based on the recognition that an improvement in ductility can be achieved based on a lattice-like or net-like structure in a normal arrangement pattern.

[0048] Despite this recognition, according to a preferred form of the present invention, both fabric layers are each provided with openings formed by a plurality of stitches. However, in the second fabric layer that is more difficult to stretch within the scope of the present invention, a weaving pattern having relatively little ductility can be provided despite the formation of suitable openings. Therefore, the openings do not contribute to an essential improvement in ductility.

[0049] Regarding the bonding arrangement structure according to the present invention, the formation of suitable openings in both fabric layers is advantageous but not mandatory. Therefore, for example, the spacer fabric known also from Patent Document 2 is basically suitable for forming the bonding arrangement structure according to the present invention. However, unlike the composite (bonded) material known from this prior art, the spacer fabric can be arranged just the opposite. Thus, according to the present invention, within the scope of the present invention, the spacer fabric having greater ductility, called the first fabric layer, faces the cover / decorative layer and is preferably directly connected to the cover / decorative layer.

[0050] Regarding a spacer fabric known per se, according to one aspect of the bonding arrangement structure according to the present invention, a second fabric layer is formed from at least one first yarn system having a first arrangement pattern and at least one second yarn system having a second arrangement pattern. As the first arrangement pattern, a modified outer arrangement is provided. In the outer arrangement, the yarns of the first yarn system alternately form outer stitches in the production direction and are guided without stitch formation, and the yarns of the second yarn system each extend in the weaving direction and are guided through at least two adjacent wales.

[0051] For another configurability of such a spacer fabric, the disclosure content of Patent Document 2 is clearly referred to.

[0052] In order to achieve particularly little elongation regardless of the specific weaving pattern for the second fabric layer, according to a preferred development of the present invention, the second fabric layer comprises or is formed from multifilament flat yarns and / or monofilament yarns. And especially if the yarn is formed from a conventional thermoplastic synthetic resin such as polyester, polyamide or polyolefin, polyethylene or polypropylene, the corresponding yarn has only a relatively small elongation along its longitudinal direction.

[0053] In contrast, in order to achieve good ductility with respect to the first fabric layer, preferably, the first fabric layer comprises woven multifilament yarns or is formed from multifilament yarns. During weaving, the multifilament yarns are deformed and bent to some extent along their longitudinal direction, so that shortening of the yarns occurs without tensile stress. And when tensile stress is applied, the individual woven multifilament yarns can be pulled straight again to some extent, so that good elongation characteristics are obtained during normal and preferred use of non-elastic thermoplastics, and, on a limited scale, elastic recovery characteristics are also obtained along the longitudinal direction of the woven multifilament yarns.

[0054] For both the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer, multifilament yarns typically having a fineness of 40 to 190 dtex are worthy of consideration. The multifilament yarns can comprise, for example, 24 filaments, but other yarn configurations including microfiber-based multifilaments are also worthy of consideration.

[0055] Normally, the spacer yarns are formed from monofilament yarns, and the fineness can be selected, in particular, depending on the desired compression hardness.

[0056] As described above, the bonding arrangement structure can be provided for a vehicle seat or an interior panel, or can form a seat cover or an interior panel. Thus, for example, if the bonding arrangement structure is provided for a vehicle seat, typically a compressible elastic bottom structure, such as another spacer fabric having a greater thickness, is connected to the second fabric layer. That is, it is known that fluid distribution in the vehicle seat can be achieved by the spacer fabric. With a suitable bottom structure, such as another spacer fabric, air distribution in the plane can also be achieved, and the additional spacer fabric is not damaged by the compression range, thereby not disturbing the air distribution. And the above-described spacer fabric having a cover - decorative layer connected in the first spacer fabric is essentially provided for ventilation in the thickness direction, and precisely here, an open structure having openings in both fabric layers is particularly advantageous.

[0057] If the bonding arrangement structure is provided for a vehicle seat, for example, or forms a seat cover or a seat surface of a vehicle seat, the compressible elastic bottom structure can be provided with a ventilation device in a particularly advantageous manner or can be connected to a ventilation device.

[0058] However, basically, other areas of motor vehicles, furniture, the seating surface of a chair or the like can also be provided with the bonding arrangement structure according to the invention. In such a case, the second fabric layer can be connected to, for example, a support, in particular a shape - stable support.

[0059] Regarding the spacer fabric, according to a preferred embodiment, the first fabric layer that can be well extended and the fabric layer that can be extended slightly less, herein called the second fabric layer, are each provided with openings formed by a plurality of stitches. Within the scope of such a configuration, both fabric layers are provided with appropriate openings configured differently. That is, it should be noted that in the second fabric layer, excessive ductility is not provided by the formation of the openings.

[0060] For this purpose, essentially, within the scope of the present invention, the second fabric layer comprises a first yarn system, the yarns of the first yarn system extend in exactly one assigned wale along the production direction, and contribute to achieving a large tensile force in the production direction by the said yarns of the first yarn system. As described above and as known from Patent Document 2, the first yarns of the first yarn system can form alternate outer stitches in the production direction or can be guided without the formation of stitches. For example, for every two courses, on the one hand, the formation of outer stitches can be set, and on the other hand, the guiding of the yarn without the formation of stitches can be set. When the yarn is guided without the formation of stitches, the said yarn can be guided around the corresponding needles in the weaving process, and as a result, it is actually also called "less than one weft yarn".

[0061] In order to form the above-mentioned openings in the second fabric layer that can be slightly extended, the second yarn system can be formed as a fillet arrangement having a first partial yarn system and a complementary second partial yarn system. At this time, within the scope of the present invention, the partial yarn systems typically formed by one assigned guide bar each are essentially the same but based on opposite arrangement patterns, and are collectively called the second yarn system. At this time, according to an essentially normal fillet arrangement, it is possible to make both partial yarn systems be formed by two guide rails each having one filled warp passage and one empty warp passage or two filled warp passages and two empty warp passages. Furthermore, basically, another arrangement pattern worthy of consideration in the present invention is known. At this time, the individual openings can extend, for example, through two courses.

[0062] In order to achieve as little extension as possible in the production direction and the transverse direction regardless of the formation of the openings, according to a particularly preferred form of the present invention, the yarns of the second yarn system form outer loop stitches on one hand and stitches selected from the group of tricot, cross, satin, broadcloth, and crepe alternately along the production direction on the other hand. The stitches selected from the group of tricot, cross, satin, broadcloth, and crepe achieve the connection of the individual wales in the transverse direction, and as a result, a slight ductility occurs in the transverse direction. However, at this time, if the yarns of the second yarn system, that is, the first partial yarn system and the complementary second partial yarn system, also form additional outer loop stitches, further, the tensile strength in the production direction is increased, and accordingly, the ductility is also reduced.

[0063] Even if the second fabric layer has openings formed by a plurality of stitches respectively, the openings are, for the purpose, smaller than the openings of the first fabric layer. The yarns of the second yarn system can form, alternately along the production direction, outer stitches with n > 1 selected from the group of tricot, cross, satin, velour and cord, and on the other hand, stitches with m > 1. In a simple case, two stitches of the above type are provided continuously in the production direction, but the present invention is not limited to such a configuration.

[0064] Within the scope of the present invention, the spacer fabric can, for example, along the production direction, have 10 to 35, in particular 18 to 28, stitches per centimeter.

[0065] Along the transverse direction, usually 4 to 13, preferably 6 to 10, wales are provided per centimeter.

[0066] In the case of a preferred complete covering of the assigned guide bar by the spacer fabric, a deposited stitch density (Polstaebchen-Dichte) of 144 to 728, preferably 200 to 560, per square centimeter occurs. The number of courses and wales can be determined according to DIN EN14971.

[0067] The mass per unit area is typically 200 to 750 g / m 2 , preferably 350 to 600 g / cm 2 and can be.

[0068] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the drawings showing only one example.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0069]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8a

Figure 8b

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0070] FIG. 1 shows a coupling arrangement structure forming the uppermost layer of a vehicle seat, for example a passenger car seat. The coupling structure includes a spacer fabric 1 to which a production direction P and a transverse direction Q perpendicular thereto can be assigned in the usual manner. Hereinafter, the configuration of the spacer fabric 1 will be further described with reference to the production direction P and the transverse direction Q. The production direction P is also called the working direction or the longitudinal direction based on the manufacturing method.

[0071] The spacer fabric 1 comprises a first flat fabric layer 2, a second flat fabric layer 3, and spacer yarns 4 that join the fabric layers 2, 3. In both flat fabric layers 2, 3, wales can be assigned in the production direction P and courses can be assigned in the transverse direction Q. In the weaving process, the course stitches are simultaneously formed by the assigned guide bars, and the individual yarns extend in the production direction P with their respective assigned weaving patterns (patterns), i.e., with a shift between individual wales in some cases.

[0072] The spacer yarns 4 join both fabric layers 2, 3 and affect the compression elastic return characteristics of the spacer fabric 1 upon compression in the thickness direction. To obtain lifting elastic characteristics, monofilament yarns are preferably provided for the spacer yarns 4. At this time, the compression hardness can be determined by the yarn material, the density and thickness of the spacer yarns 4.

[0073] According to FIG. 1, a cover - decorative layer 5 is arranged on the second fabric layer 2, which is particularly preferably leather or synthetic leather. However, basically, film materials, woven fabrics (fabrics) or the like are also conceivable. In order to enable the ventilation function described in detail below, the cover - decorative layer 5 made of leather or synthetic leather shown in FIG. 1 is provided with perforations 6.

[0074] To achieve a particularly high - quality configuration of the bonding arrangement structure, the spacer fabric 1 has a compression range 7 in which the spacer fabric 1 is permanently compressed at least partially to structure (organize) the cover - decorative layer 5. In the compression range 7, the cover - decorative layer 5 is stitched to the spacer fabric 1 while integrating each of the second fabric layers 3 with one decorative yarn 8, and as a result, the bonding portion 9 between the cover - decorative layer 5 and the second fabric layer 3 is formed by the decorative yarns 8.

[0075] In compression range 7, it is also clear from FIG. 1 that the spacer fabric 1 is compressed to less than 50% of its thickness in the uncompressed state.

[0076] In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, since the compression ranges 7 extend parallel to each other, a rib pattern is formed. At this time, the distance between adjacent compression ranges 7 with respect to each center can typically be 15 to 100 mm.

[0077] The following shows yet another possible pattern of the compression range, and of course, various types of patterns and combinations are worthy of consideration. In particular, the seating surface can be configured according to technical requirements and aesthetic criteria by various patterns or combinations of pattern portions.

[0078] According to FIG. 1, the spacer fabric 1 is pushed into the first fabric layer 2 in the compression range 7, while the second fabric layer 3 is located in one plane. Regarding this, even if FIG. 1 is idealized in its illustration, such an asymmetric characteristic is the object of the present invention and also leads to the three-dimensional configuration of the cover / decorative layer 5 being clearly and permanently exposed.

[0079] This characteristic is achieved in the scope of the present invention by the first fabric layer 2 facing the cover / decorative layer 5 having greater ductility than the second fabric layer 3 in the production direction P and the transverse direction Q. Therefore, when the cover / decorative layer 5 is pulled in the direction of the second fabric layer 3 at the joint 9 formed by the decorative yarn 8 in the compression range 7, the first fabric layer 2 can be slightly deformed there, particularly extended, while due to the greater rigidity or smaller ductility of the second fabric layer 3, less deformation occurs there.

[0080] The restoring force generated by the spacer yarn 4 causes the cover - decorative layer 5 to stand upright within the compression range 7, and thereby, a tensile load in the plane is also generated in the second fabric layer 3. Due to the slight ductility of the second fabric layer 3, the tensile force can be received. Due to the different ductility characteristics and especially the slight ductility of the second fabric layer 3, the cover - decorative layer 5 can be "tensed" to a certain extent by the restoring force of the entire spacer fabric 1.

[0081] At this time, in the sense of the present invention, the term ductility relates to the elongation at a preset tensile force, and it should be considered that the tensile force causes damage but preferably does not cause essential irreversible changes in the spacer fabric 1 and especially in both fabric layers 2, 3.

[0082] Therefore, for example, the ductility in the production direction P and the transverse direction Q according to DIE EN ISO 13934 - 1 can be determined at a tensile force of 25N. For such a test, a strip having a width of 50 mm can be cut from the spacer fabric, and first, in the spacer fabric 1, the initial length that will later be inserted into a suitable test device is marked. Then, the spacer yarn 4 can be cut by a cut extending parallel to the fabric layers 2, 3 so that both flat fabric layers 2, 3 can be tested individually. At this time, the influence of the remaining residual part of the spacer yarn 4 in both flat fabric layers 2, 3 can be ignored and actually plays only a subordinate role in terms of ductility. And the pattern thus formed, that is, the strip extending in the production direction P or the transverse direction Q according to the test, is loaded with a tensile force of 25N, and the increase in length is determined in %. At this time, usually, within the scope of the present invention, a clearly larger elongation of the first flat fabric layer compared to the second flat fabric layer is observed. The ratio is at least 2:1, but can easily be 3:1, 5:1, 7:1 or even 10:1 or more.

[0083] Thus, for example, with respect to the production direction P and the transverse direction Q, the elongation determined by a tensile force of 25 N as described above can be 25 to 60% in the first flat fabric layer 2. Such good ductility ensures that the first fabric layer 2 can be easily pushed into the joint 9. In particular, due to the good ductility, in fact, no substantial force distribution along the first fabric layer 2 takes place.

[0084] The second flat fabric layer 3 has a clearly smaller elongation in the production direction P and the transverse direction Q in a test according to a tensile force of 25 N and DIN EN ISO 13934-1. The elongation can be, for example, 1.5 to 10%, in particular 2 to 7%. Due to such a small elongation, as shown in FIG. 1, it is ensured that the second fabric layer 3 is deformed only slightly and the cover - decorative layer 5 can be stretched.

[0085] Finally, in FIG. 1, it is also suggested that the cover - decorative layer 5 can be joined to the first fabric layer 2 in a material - bonded manner, in particular by means of an adhesive 10, which also facilitates the manufacturing process.

[0086] The above - mentioned properties of the spacer fabric 1 can also be clearly shown in FIG. 2, which shows the bonded arrangement structure before and after stitching in only one cross - section.

[0087] Before the generation of a suitable joint 9 by the decorative yarn 8 in the compression range 7, the cover - decorative layer 5 and the spacer fabric 1 essentially exist flat. And when the compression ranges 7 create a distance L from each other with respect to the central part, while the length L in the second fabric layer 3 is maintained, the first fabric layer 2 can be stretched in an arcuate shape due to its good ductility.

[0088] Measures for generating different elongation characteristics with respect to the first fabric layer 2 and the second fabric layer 3 will be further described below.

[0089] FIG. 3 shows, first, another view of the coupling arrangement structure, where the cover-decoration layer 5 is disposed on an additional air distribution layer 11 together with the spacer fabric 1. The air distribution layer 11 can be formed of another spacer fabric and is provided for the distribution of cooling air in a plane. For this purpose, the air distribution layer 11 is connected to a ventilation device (not shown), such as a blower.

[0090] And the air for cooling and user air conditioning can be blown out through the perforations 6 of the spacer fabric 1 and the cover-decoration layer 5. Just in this context, the compression range 7 can also be particularly advantageous with respect to user comfort. This is because the air blown in can be circulated or led out by the ribs formed in this way. Therefore, from this background, it is also advantageous for the spacer fabric 1 to have very good air permeability in the thickness direction.

[0091] FIG. 4 illustratively shows the configuration of the first fabric layer 2 having good ductility. Since the first fabric layer 2 has a fillet pattern, the first fabric layer 2 is provided with openings 12 each formed by a plurality of stitches. Usually, the fillet arrangement is formed by two guide bars, and the good ductility of the first fabric layer 2 is achieved by the openings 12.

[0092] To further improve this property, it is also possible to set a relatively small yarn tension for the first fabric layer 2 in the weaving process.

[0093] Furthermore, the first fabric layer 2 can also be formed of a textured multifilament yarn that is not only soft but also stretchable to some extent reversibly along the longitudinal direction due to the texture structure. This also applies when the first fabric layer 2 and preferably the entire spacer fabric 1 are formed of a non-elastic thermoplastic polymer such as polyester, polyamide or polyolefin.

[0094] FIG. 5 similarly shows a second fabric layer 3 having an opening 12'. Even if FIGS. 4 and 5 are not to scale with each other, it can already be seen in the comparison of the stitch sizes that the opening 12' of the second fabric layer 3 is clearly smaller than the opening 12 of the first fabric layer 2 in this embodiment.

[0095] It can already be seen in FIG. 5 that the second fabric layer 3 has a kind of lattice structure, and in this lattice structure, the yarns extending in the production direction P and the transverse direction Q cause slightly more ductility than in the first fabric layer 2. This is also due in particular to the special weaving pattern provided for the second fabric layer 3. At this time, according to FIG. 6, it is essential for the slight extension in the production direction P that the second fabric layer 3 includes a first yarn system 13 having a modified outer form of the first arrangement pattern. According to FIG. 6, for the yarns of the first yarn system 13, the yarns alternately form outer stitches 14 in the production direction P and are guided without forming stitches. According to FIG. 6, two outer stitches 14 are always alternately formed along the production direction P, and two stitches are omitted, but the individual yarns are shifted along the wale around the assigned needles.

[0096] Furthermore, in order to form the second fabric layer 3, a second yarn system 15 having a first partial yarn system 15a and a complementary second partial yarn system 15b is provided. Although both partial yarn systems 15a, 15b originally have complementary arrangement patterns that match each other and together form a fillet arrangement, and guide bars are provided for each partial yarn system 15a, 15b in the working process, in the scope of the present invention, these partial yarn systems are collectively called the second yarn system 15. Both partial yarn systems 15a, 15b can be formed, for example, by two guide rails each having one filled warp passage and one empty warp passage.

[0097] According to FIG. 7, the threads of the second thread system 15 form outer selvage stitches 14' and cross arrangements 16 alternately along the production direction P. Specifically, two outer selvage stitches 14' each having two stitches of the cross arrangement 16 alternate. The stitches of the cross arrangement 16 provide a slight extension along the transverse direction Q.

[0098] The order of the two outer selvage stitches 14' and the two stitches of the cross arrangement 16 is merely exemplary, and it is also possible to provide a greater number for both stitch types. The illustrated cross arrangement is also merely exemplary. In addition, stitches selected from the group of tricot, satin, velour and crepe are also taken into account.

[0099] In order to achieve as little ductility as possible overall, the second fabric layer 3 having the first thread system 13 and the second thread system 15 is completely formed of multifilament flat yarns.

[0100] The thickness of the spacer fabric 1 is typically 2 to 20 mm, in particular 3 to 15 mm.

[0101] According to FIG. 1, a rib structure of the compression range 7 is illustrated by way of example, while FIGS. 8a and 8b show another possible configuration, according to which, in FIG. 8a, a triangular pattern, also called a diamond pattern, is illustrated. It has already been shown that various geometries or at least parts of different sizes can be formed by the compression range 7.

[0102] According to FIG. 8b, a rhombus pattern is provided.

[0103] Unlike the case of FIG. 1, in the compression range 7 by the decorative thread 8, according to FIGS. 8a and 8b, an essentially closed plane is formed. The base plane extending within the decorative thread 8 respectively can have an area of, for example, 3 to 100 cm 2 and can have an area of.

[0104] According to FIG. 3, it is illustratively shown that the cover - decorative layer 5 and the spacer fabric 1 are disposed on the air - distribution layer 11 that forms a compressible - elastic lower structure. However, alternatively, for example, in order to form an instrument panel, a side panel, or other types of interior panels of a motor vehicle, a shape - stable support portion can also be connected to the second fabric layer 3. Naturally, corresponding configurations can also be considered in other ranges where a high - quality appearance or an attractive configuration is desired. The present invention may also include the following aspects: 1. A bonding arrangement structure comprising a spacer fabric (1) having a production direction (P) and a transverse direction (Q), the spacer fabric comprising a first flat fabric layer (2), a second flat fabric layer (3), and spacer yarns (4) connecting these fabric layers (2, 3), and having a cover / decoration layer (5) connected to the first flat fabric layer (2), in the bonding arrangement structure, the spacer fabric (1) has a compression range (7), in which the spacer fabric (1) is continuously at least partially compressed for the structuring of the cover / decoration layer (5), and the first flat fabric layer (2) facing the cover / decoration layer (5) has a greater ductility than the second fabric layer (3) in the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q). A bonding arrangement structure characterized by this. 2. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is at least twice as large in the first flat fabric layer (2) as in the case of the second flat fabric layer (3). The bonding arrangement structure according to 1. above, characterized by this. 3. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 25 - 60% in the first flat fabric layer (2). The bonding arrangement structure according to 1. or 2. above, characterized by this. 4. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 1.5 - 10% in the second flat fabric layer (3). The bonding arrangement structure according to 2. or 3. above, characterized by this. 5. The spacer fabric (1) is compressed in the compression range (7) by a joint (9) between the cover / decoration layer (5) and the second fabric layer (3). The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 4. above, characterized by this. 6. The cover / decoration layer (5) is stitched to the spacer fabric (1) while integrating the second fabric layer (3) in the compression range (7). The bonding arrangement structure according to 5. above, characterized by this. 7. The spacer fabric (1) is compressed in the compression range (7) to less than 50% of the thickness of the spacer fabric (1) in the uncompressed state, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 6. above. 8. The cover / decorative layer (5) is formed of leather, synthetic leather or fabric, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 7. above. 9. The thickness of the spacer fabric (1) is 2 to 20 mm, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 8. above. 10. At least one of the fabric layers (2, 3) is provided with openings (12, 12') formed by a plurality of stitches respectively, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 9. above. 11. The second fabric layer (3) is formed from at least one first yarn system (13) having a first arrangement pattern and at least one second yarn system (15) having a second arrangement pattern, and as the first arrangement pattern (13), a modified outer bias arrangement is provided, in the outer bias arrangement, the yarns of the first yarn system (13) alternately form outer bias stitches (14) in the production direction (P) and are guided without stitch formation, and the yarns of the second yarn system (15) each extend in the production direction (P) and are guided through at least two adjacent wales, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 10. above. 12. The second yarn system (15) is formed as a fillet arrangement having a first partial yarn system (15a) and a complementary second partial yarn system (15b), characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to 11. above. 13. Both partial yarn systems (15a, 15b) are formed by two guide rails each having one filled warp passage and one empty warp passage or two filled warp passages and two empty warp passages, characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to 12. above. 14. The yarns of the second yarn system (15) alternately form outer bias stitches (14') on the one hand and stitches (16) selected from the group of tricot, cross, satin, velour and crepe on the other hand along the production direction (P), characterized in that the bonding arrangement structure according to 12. or 13. above. 15. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 14. above, characterized in that the second fabric layer (3) comprises multifilament flat yarns and / or monofilament yarns. 16. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 15. above, characterized in that the first fabric layer (2) comprises textured multifilament yarns. 17. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 16. above, characterized in that a compression-elastic lower structure is connected to the second fabric layer (3). 18. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of 1. to 17. above, characterized in that a support part is connected to the second fabric layer (3).

Claims

1. A spacer fabric (1) having a production direction (P) and a transverse direction (Q), and comprising a first flat fabric layer (2), a second flat fabric layer (3), and spacer yarns (4) connecting these fabric layers (2, 3), and a cover decorative layer (5) connected on the side opposite to the spacer yarns (4) in the first flat fabric layer (2), in a bonded arrangement structure, the spacer fabric (1) has a compression range (7), in which the spacer fabric (1) is continuously at least partially compressed for the structuring of the cover decorative layer (5), the first flat fabric layer (2) facing the cover decorative layer (5) has greater ductility than the second fabric layer (3) in the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the spacer fabric (1) is compressed in the compression range (7) by a joint (9) between the cover decorative layer (5) and the second fabric layer (3), and the spacer fabric (1) is compressed to less than 50% of the thickness in the uncompressed state of the spacer fabric (1) in the compression range (7), a bonded arrangement structure characterized by this.

2. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is at least twice as much in the first flat fabric layer (2) as in the case of the second flat fabric layer (3), the bonded arrangement structure according to Claim 1, characterized by this.

3. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 25 to 60% in the first flat fabric layer (2), the bonded arrangement structure according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by this.

4. For the production direction (P) and the transverse direction (Q), the elongation determined at a tensile force of 25 N in accordance with DIN EN ISO 13934-1 is 1.5 to 10% in the second flat fabric layer (3), the bonded arrangement structure according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized by this.

5. The cover decorative layer (5) is stitched to the spacer fabric (1) while integrating the second fabric layer (3) in the compression range (7), the bonded arrangement structure according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by this.

6. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cover decorative layer (5) is formed of leather, synthetic leather or fabric.

7. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spacer fabric (1) has a thickness of 2 to 20 mm.

8. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the fabric layers (2, 3) comprises openings (12, 12') formed by a plurality of stitches respectively.

9. The second fabric layer (3) is formed from at least one first yarn system (13) having a first arrangement pattern and at least one second yarn system (15) having a second arrangement pattern. As the first arrangement pattern (13), a chain stitch structure is provided. In the chain stitch structure, the yarns of the first yarn system (13) alternately form chain stitch loops (14) in the production direction (P) and are guided without forming loops. The yarns of the second yarn system (15) each extend in the production direction (P) and are guided through at least two adjacent wales. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that.

10. The bonding arrangement structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the second yarn system (15) is formed as a fillet arrangement having a first partial yarn system (15a) and a complementary second partial yarn system (15b).

11. The bonding arrangement structure according to claim 10, characterized in that both partial yarn systems (15a, 15b) are formed by two guide rails each having one filled warp passage and one empty warp passage or two filled warp passages and two empty warp passages.

12. The bonding arrangement structure according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the yarns of the second yarn system (15) alternately form loops (14') of chain stitch on the one hand and loops (16) selected from the group of tricot, cross, satin, velour and crepe on the other hand along the production direction (P).

13. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the second fabric layer (3) comprises multifilament yarns and / or monofilament yarns.

14. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the first fabric layer (2) comprises a textured multifilament yarn.

15. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a compression-elastic lower structure is connected to the second fabric layer (3).

16. The bonding arrangement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a support part is connected to the second fabric layer (3).

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