Electronic lock

Abstract

The electronic lock includes a housing and a locking system within the housing. The locking system includes electronics and a lock. More specifically, the housing includes a controller and at least one electronic input device electrically coupled to the controller. The controller transitions the lock from a locked position to an unlocked position in response to input from the electronic input device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001]

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to a lock, and more particularly, to an electronic lock, a method of opening the electronic lock, and an article incorporating the electronic lock, as described in more detail herein.

Background Art

[0003] There are many applications where users may wish to protect items, articles, devices, etc. from unwanted or otherwise undesirable access. In this regard, various lock styles are available that can be used for temporary security of items, articles, devices, etc. For example, a physical key or a padlock that requires a known combination can be used to open a lock. Further, for example, an electronic lock that requires a known PIN code entered via a keypad to unlock the lock is available.

Disclosure of the Invention

[0004] According to aspects of the present disclosure, an electronic lock is provided. The electronic lock includes a housing having a lock opening extending through a face. The lock opening is configured to receive a corresponding lock mechanism. Also, a biometric interface is attached to the housing. Further, a lock system is included within the housing. The lock system includes a controller, a biometric reader, a lock, an electric actuator, and a power source (e.g., a battery). The biometric reader is electrically coupled to the controller. The biometric reader is also electrically coupled to the biometric interface. A lock that transitions between a locked position and an unlocked position such that when the lock is in the locked position and the lock mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the lock mechanism is locked to the housing, and when the physical lock is in the unlocked position, the lock mechanism can be released from the housing. The electric actuator is electrically coupled to the controller and is operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position. The battery supplies power to at least the controller, the biometric reader, and the electric actuator.

[0005] In this regard, when the controller determines a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric measurements read by the biometric reader and the biometric data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user, the controller issues an electronic lock release command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. Also, the controller issues a lock release command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position when a measure of the battery characteristics falls below a predetermined threshold regardless of the output of the biometric reader. Authentication successful

[0006] According to a further aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic lock includes a housing having a first face. A lock opening extends through the lock housing (e.g., by extending through the first face of the housing). Similarly, a keyhole extends through the housing. Further, a biometric interface (e.g., a pad of a fingerprint scanner) is attached to the housing. Further, the housing contains therein a controller, a biometric reader, a proximity-based wireless communication device, a lock, and a lock receiver. Each of the biometric reader and the proximity-based communication device is electrically coupled to the controller. The lock is configured to cooperate with a lock mechanism insertable into the lock opening to move from a locked position to an unlocked position. Further, a mechanical key receptacle is configured to receive a physical key inserted, for example, through the keyhole. During operation, the controller issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position (e.g., independent of a physical key inserted into or otherwise engaged with the mechanical key receptacle). Further, the lock is controlled to move from the locked position to the unlocked position by the mechanical key receptacle engaging a physical key (e.g., independent of an unlock command signal from the controller).

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is operably configured to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position based on at least one electronic verification. Exemplary electronic verifications include a match between biometrics read by the biometric reader and electronic data identifying an authorized user, or a match between an identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and electronic data identifying an authorized user.

[0008] In another example embodiment, the controller is configured to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position when determining a multi-part electronic verification that includes a match between the biometric read by the biometric reader and the electronic data identifying an authorized user, and a match between the identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and the electronic data identifying an authorized user. Here, the authorized user proving to be genuine with respect to the biometric reader may or may not be the same person as the person proving to be genuine using the proximity-based wireless communication device. Authentication successful When making such a determination, it is operably configured to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. Here, the authorized user proving to be genuine with respect to the biometric reader may or may not be the same person as the person proving to be genuine using the proximity-based wireless communication device.

[0009] According to a further aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic lock is provided. The electronic lock includes a housing in which a lock opening extends through a face. The lock opening is configured to receive a locking mechanism. Further, a biometric interface is attached to the housing. Also, a lock system is included within the housing. The lock system includes a controller, a biometric reader, a lock, and an electric actuator. The biometric reader is electrically coupled to the controller and to the biometric interface. The lock is configured to transition between a locked position and an unlocked position such that when the lock is in the locked position and the locking mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the locking mechanism is locked to the housing. Correspondingly, when the lock is in the unlocked position, the locking mechanism can be released from the housing. The electric actuator is electrically coupled to the controller and is operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position. In this configuration, the controller determines a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the data identifying an authorized user Authentication successfulWhen it is determined, or it is detected that the user has tapped and entered into the biometric interface a personal identification number (PIN) corresponding to the user (this PIN is stored in a memory accessible by the controller), an electronic unlock command signal for moving the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position is issued to the electric actuator.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] The following detailed description of various aspects of the present disclosure will be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, like structures are denoted by like reference numerals.

[0011]

Figure 1

[0012]

Figure 2

[0013]

Figure 3

[0014] Aspects of the present disclosure

[0015]

Figure 4

[0016]

Figure 5

[0017]

Figure 6

[0018]

Figure 7

[0019]

Figure 8

[0020]

Figure 9A

[0021]

Figure 9B

[0022]

Figure 10

[0023] According to aspects of the present disclosure, various configurations suitable for implementing an electronic lock are disclosed. In this regard, this specification discloses an electronic lock adopting the form factor of a general-purpose smart lock, enabling the smart lock to be used to lock any suitable article to which the smart lock is applied. In other applications, a smart lock formed as an integral part of an article is provided, or the smart lock can be incorporated into the article to convert the article into a smart-lockable article.

[0024] According to further aspects of the present disclosure, the techniques herein are implemented in a personalized manner to increase the likelihood that the individual unlocking the lock is a truly authorized individual. In this regard, the personalized techniques can be implemented locally within the lock itself, via communication with a remote device (e.g., via short-range communication with an electronic device, long-range communication over a network including the Internet, etc.), combinations thereof, and the like.

[0025] Example A of an Electronic Lock

[0026] Next, referring to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1, an electronic lock 100 will be described. The electronic lock 100 includes a housing 102 having a first face 104 that defines a major surface facilitating interaction with the electronic lock 100. The housing 102 is shown in a generally "box" - shaped form factor for the sole purpose of facilitating the description and discussion of the important features herein. In reality, the housing 102 can take on any shape and / or size to, for example, conform to the intended use, the technology contained therein, the aesthetic sense, combinations thereof, and the like. The electronic lock 100 can also be incorporated into a structure (e.g., a diary, a bag, luggage, a wallet, or other article).

[0027] For practical applications, one or more features of the electronic lock 100 can be exposed to the user through the housing 102. For example, as shown in the example 100 of the electronic lock in FIG. 1, the lock opening 106 extends through the first face 104 of the housing 102. The lock opening 106 defines an opening of the electronic lock 100 that receives a corresponding lock mechanism. The lock mechanism may be integrated with the housing 102 (e.g., a shackle) or separate (e.g., a detachable component such as a zipper clasp). In practical applications, the specific arrangement, size, shape, etc. of the lock opening 106 vary depending on the physical locking method implemented. For example, the lock opening 106 may include or be configured to receive clasps, shackles, hooks, bolts, etc. (not shown in FIG. 1 for clarity of illustration).

[0028] Also, as shown, an optional keyhole 108 can be provided. When utilized, the keyhole 108 passes through the housing 102. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the keyhole 108 extends through the first face 104 of the housing 102. However, in other embodiments, the keyhole 108, when provided, can extend through any other surface of the housing 102 or be coupled to any other surface in another manner. Regardless of location, the keyhole 108 provides an interface for receiving a physical key that is specially configured to unlock / open the lock mechanism of the electronic lock 100. As described in more detail herein, the physical key operates the lock mechanism independent of an electronic unlock signal (which is also described in more detail herein). Similarly, the electronic lock mechanism can unlock the lock independent of the physical key. As a result, in some embodiments, the electronic lock 100 can always be opened even when there is no power available to the electronic lock 100.

[0029] Furthermore, at least one electronic authorization device is provided. The electronic authorization device is used to authorize a user to the controller of the electronic lock. As will be described in more detail herein, the authorization device can include any number of modalities, which may include, for example, a biometrics scanner, an electronic keypad, a wireless communication device, and the like. Examples of electronic authorization devices will be described in more detail herein.

[0030] However, by way of example, FIG. 1 shows an authorization device implemented as a biometric interface 110 attached to or otherwise passing through housing 102. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the biometric interface 110 is attached to or otherwise extends through the first face 104 of the housing 102. However, in other embodiments, the biometric interface 110 can be attached to or otherwise extend through any other surface of the housing 102. Regardless of location, the biometric interface 110 receives biometric information from the user. In some embodiments, the received biometric information can be used to unlock the electronic lock 100. In other embodiments, the received biometric information can be used to lock the electronic lock 100. In further embodiments, the received biometric information can be used as part of a multi-part authentication, verification, other scheme, etc. Examples thereof will be described in more detail herein.

[0031] In a practical application, the biometric interface 110 can form part of a fingerprint / thumbprint scanner. In this regard, the biometric interface 110 can optionally include a pad 112. The pad 112 provides an interface for receiving biometric input from the user. However, other biometric-based sensing technologies can also be used additionally / alternatively.

[0032] Optionally, the electronic lock can also include one or more user interface input / output features. The input / output unit 114 can include buttons, pads, knobs, encoders, switches, or other input and / or output devices that facilitate user interaction with the lock.

[0033] Example B of the electronic lock

[0034] Referring to FIG. 2, the block diagram shows one embodiment of the electronic lock 100 of FIG. 1. In particular, a controller 202 is provided that handles the main processing of the electronic lock. In this regard, the controller 202 can function as a "supervisor" processor that monitors the processing of other technologies, and the controller 202 can handle the core processing itself or a combination thereof.

[0035] In particular, in the illustrated embodiment, an electronic authorization device implemented as a biometric reader 204 is electrically coupled to the controller 202. More specifically, the electrical coupling provides an electrical path through which the controller 202 and the biometric reader 204 communicate. In practical applications, the electrical coupling can provide a communication coupling that can be unidirectional or bidirectional. That is, in some embodiments, the biometric reader 204 transmits information to the controller 202. In other embodiments, the communication is bidirectional, and the controller 202 transmits information (e.g., commands, data, combinations thereof, etc.) to the biometric reader 204, and the controller 202 receives information (e.g., commands, data, requests, etc.) from the biometric reader 204.

[0036] The biometric reader 204 is also electrically coupled to the biometric interface 110 (FIG. 1). That is, the biometric reader 204 further interacts with the corresponding biometric interface 110 and optional pad 112 of FIG. 1 to obtain electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader. In this regard, the controller can authenticate the user by comparing the biometric data accessible by the controller that identifies an authorized user with the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader. In this regard, the biometric reader 204 can be, for example, a biometric scanner for fingerprints placed on the pad 112 (FIG. 1), or the biometric reader 204 can be any other biometric-based technology.

[0037] In some embodiments, for example, in addition to or instead of the biometric reader 204, an optional electronic authorization device such as an optional proximity-based wireless communication device 206 can be provided. The proximity-based wireless communication device 206 is also electrically coupled to the controller 202. More specifically, the electrical coupling provides an electrical path through which the controller 202 and the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 communicate. In practical applications, the electrical coupling can provide a communication coupling that can be unidirectional or bidirectional. Similarly to the above, in some embodiments, the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 transmits information to the controller 202. In other embodiments, the communication is bidirectional, and the controller 202 transmits information (e.g., commands, data, combinations thereof, etc.) to the proximity-based wireless communication device 206, and the controller 202 receives information (e.g., commands, data, requests, etc.) from the proximity-based wireless communication device 206.

[0038] For practical applications, the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 can include any suitable short-range (e.g., typically less than 30 meters) communication technology such as low-energy Bluetooth (R), Zigbee (R), ultra-wideband (UWB), etc. As a further example, the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 can include an active or passive radio frequency identification (RFID) device. In the case of an active RFID system, a range of about 1 to 6 meters or more can be provided. Similarly, a low-output FOB can be configured to be limited to a few meters. In other embodiments, the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 can include a near-field communication (NFC) device (or other magnetic field induction technology that enables communication). In this embodiment, an operating range of 10 to 20 centimeters is more practical. Further, the proximity-based wireless communication device 206 can include an induction-based technology that requires close contact with the housing of the electronic lock 200. In this regard, requiring contact with the housing of the electronic lock 200 can be advantageous, for example, to increase the likelihood of attempting to intentionally engage the proximity-based wireless communication device 206.

[0039] The lock 208 is also electronically coupled to the controller 202. Similar to the above, the electronic coupling provides an electrical path through which the controller 202 and the lock 208 communicate. In this regard, the communication can be either unidirectional or bidirectional. Generally, the lock 208 includes a combination of mechanical and electrical components necessary to mechanically implement the lock.

[0040] For example, the lock 208 can include or be coupled to any electrical and / or mechanical components necessary to receive a locking mechanism (such as a clasp, shackle, hook, bolt, etc.) passed through the lock opening 106 (FIG. 1). As an exemplary example, the lock 208 can be coupled to an electronic actuator such as a solenoid, actuator (e.g., linear actuator, rotary actuator, etc.), motor, motor and cam arrangement, motor and slider crank, or other structure that converts rotational motion to linear motion. The components can optionally include an electronic actuator control circuit as needed.

[0041] Further, additional mechanical components such as springs, wedges, locks, etc. may be provided if necessary to lock and unlock the device.

[0042] Generally, the lock 208 cooperates with a locking mechanism (such as a clasp lock, shackle, etc.) insertable into the lock opening to transition from a locked position to an unlocked position. Thus, the specific configuration of the lock 208 will vary depending on the technology being implemented, the type of locking mechanism being used, etc. For example, a physical lock may have different components when securing a clasp attached to a zipper than when locking onto the barb of a padlock or bar-type lock shackle.

[0043] Although not essential, in some embodiments, a mechanical key receptacle 210 is configured to receive a physical key passed through, for example, the keyhole 108 (FIG. 1). The mechanical key receptacle 210 is configured to unlock the lock 208 in a manner independent of the electronic lock circuit so that the lock can be opened without the need for power. That is, the lock is controlled to transition from the locked position to the unlocked position when the physical key engages the mechanical key receptacle. Thus, the physical key can unlock the lock independent of a unlock command signal from the controller.

[0044] The provision of the mechanical key receptacle 210 facilitates a backup mechanism for unlocking the device. The mechanical key receptacle 210 can also function as an electronic lock override, for example, in the case of an electrical or logical failure. Further, the mechanical key receptacle 210 can function as a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) key, making the electronic lock suitable for travel use. Thus, the mechanical key receptacle can accept a physical key that is compatible with a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) key and move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0045] For the sake of a non-limiting example only, lock 208 is schematically shown as having an electric actuator 212 (e.g., a linear actuator, a rotary actuator, a motor, a motor and cam arrangement, a motor and slider crank, or other structure that converts rotary motion to linear motion, etc.) controlled by a controller. The electric actuator 212 provides an electronically controlled driving force to unlock the lock and transition the device from a locked state to an unlocked state. For example, the electric actuator 212 can move a pin in response to an unlock signal from the controller 202 to release the lock mechanism. In this example, a spring-biased pin 214 can be used to hold the lock mechanism in place. For example, spring biasing can be used to provide an automatic and positive lock when the user inserts the lock mechanism through the lock opening of the housing. As some examples, inserting a clasp into the lock opening causes biasing against the spring and the pin is mechanically locked to the clasp, so no energy is consumed by the electronic device to become locked. Since a coupler 216 is provided to form a mechanical interface, the pin can be actuated to unlock the lock mechanism by the controller 202 (e.g., via the electric actuator 212) or in response to a valid key received by a mechanical key receptacle 210 (e.g., when the user inserts a valid physical key and rotates it appropriately). In this regard, the lock 208 may require additional mechanical or electrical components 218 such as, for example, one or more cams, gears, magnets, actuators, etc., as needed, to enable both mechanical and electrical unlocking so that mechanical unlocking can override electrical unlocking or function independently of electrical unlocking in another way.

[0046] The electronic lock 200 is also shown as having a power supply 220. The power supply 220 can include a battery that may be rechargeable, replaceable by the user, or configured in another way. As used herein, "battery" includes multiple batteries, cells, and other energy sources. The battery may be rechargeable, replaceable, or a combination thereof. For clarity, and for the sake of a clean schematic, the power supply 220 is not shown as being wired to other electronic circuits. In reality, the power supply 220 supplies power to any one or more components that require power. In this regard, the power supply 220 can include its own circuit, which includes a sleep circuit that minimizes power consumption by entering a low-power sleep mode until the user starts an adjustment with the electronic lock and unlocks its locking mechanism.

[0047] As will be described in more detail herein, in exemplary embodiments, a power supply, a controller, or other device can also adjust and / or monitor the charging of the power supply. In this regard, a threshold (or thresholds) can be set to determine when the battery is likely to run out of charge. When the battery charge falls below that threshold, the lock may be unlocked so as not to remain locked. As an exemplary example, a measure of battery characteristics (e.g., charge) is evaluated against predetermined threshold(s) (e.g., a first threshold and a second threshold) as a percentage of the predicted remaining charge. A warning is provided when the charge is below the first threshold but above the second threshold. When the battery charge falls below the second threshold, actions can be taken, such as forwarding an email to the user's smartphone or automatically unlocking the lock.

[0048] As an exemplary operation example, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, schematically, the electronic lock 100 can include a housing 102 in which a lock opening 106 extends through the surface. The lock opening 106 is configured to receive a lock mechanism such as a clasp, a shackle, etc., as described in more detail herein. The biometric interface 110 is attached to the housing 102. Further, a lock system is included within the housing 102. The lock system includes a controller 202. The lock system also includes a biometric reader 204 electrically coupled to the controller 202. The biometric reader 204 is also electrically coupled to the biometric interface 110. When the lock is in the locked position and the lock mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the lock transitions between the locked position and the unlocked position so that the lock mechanism is locked to the housing. Correspondingly, when the lock is in the unlocked position, the lock mechanism can be released from the housing.

[0049] The electric actuator 212 is electrically coupled to the controller 202. The electric actuator 212 is operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position. The battery 220 supplies power to at least the controller 202, the biometric reader 204, and the electric actuator 212. Here, when the controller 202 determines a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the biometric data (such as a library including one or more authorized user electronic biometric signatures) accessible and authorized by the controller 202 to identify an authorized user, the controller 202 issues an electronic unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position to the electric actuator 212. Also, the controller 202 issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position to the electric actuator 212 when a measure of the battery characteristics falls below a predetermined threshold regardless of the output of the biometric reader 204. Authentication successful When it is determined, the controller 202 issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position to the electric actuator 212. Also, the controller 202 issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position to the electric actuator 212 when a measure of the battery characteristics falls below a predetermined threshold regardless of the output of the biometric reader 204.

[0050] Unlock Algorithm

[0051] Referring to FIG. 3, an example algorithm 300 is shown that can be programmably implemented by a controller 202 (FIG. 2) to issue an unlock signal to electronically unlock, for example, lock 208 (FIG. 2) via a flowchart. In this exemplary embodiment, the controller 202 requests a multi-part confirmation that an individual has the appropriate authorization to unlock the electronic lock. In this exemplary example, a two-part authentication is required, including authentication by a biometrics scanner and input by a proximity-based communication device. In this regard, the controller 202 need not care about the order in which the inputs are received. Thus, FIG. 3 shows receiving inputs from a biometrics scanner and from a proximity-based communication device in parallel. This indicates that the user can input biometrics first, interact with the proximity-based communication device first, or interact with both simultaneously.

[0052] At 302, the algorithm receives an input from a biometrics scanner (e.g., biometric reader 204 (FIG. 2)). In a practical application, the input is a biometric from a user who wants to unlock the electronic lock. Here, the biometrics scanner compares the biometric received from the user with one or more predetermined biometric signatures that are authorized to unlock the lock. As an example, the user may place a finger on a fingerprint pad. In response, the device reads the user's fingerprint. The read fingerprint is converted into electronic data. This electronic data is compared with electronic data such as a fingerprint signature that may be stored in a memory accessible by, for example, the controller, the biometric interface, or both.

[0053] In 304, the algorithm determines whether the biometric is a valid input. For example, a biometric scanner can attempt to match the user's biometric with one or more stored biometric signatures. If the input is not valid, the process loops back to obtain the input. Alternatively, if a valid input is received, the controller considers whether a valid input has also been received from a proximity-based communication device. If a valid input has not been received from the proximity-based communication device (where " Authentication successful " is "no" in 306), the process loops back again for user input.

[0054] Similarly, in 308, the algorithm receives an input from a proximity-based communication device. As shown in more detail herein, the proximity-based communication device may include a short-range wireless communication device, a Bluetooth device, an RFID device, a FOB, a UWB, a ZigBee, etc. In 310, it is checked whether the input is valid. If the proximity-based communication device does not authenticate a valid input (where "valid input" in 310 is "no"), the flow returns to the beginning of receiving the input.

[0055] The proximity-based communication device can perform a number of authentication functions. For example, the proximity-based communication device can request an associated known device pair or communicate with them in another way. Here, a valid user needs to own another corresponding device known to the proximity-based wireless communication device. As another example, the proximity-based communication device may request a passcode, a key, a PIN, or other electronic input. These can be input, for example, by the user interacting with the electronic lock itself (e.g., via the input / output unit 114 (FIG. 1)) or via another device (not shown) that communicates with the proximity-based communication device, or provided in another way.

[0056] Alternatively, when a valid input is received, the algorithm takes into account whether a valid input has been received from the biometrics scanner. If no valid input is received from the biometrics scanner (where " Authentication successful " in 306 is "No"), the process loops back again for user input.

[0057] If the user identification information is presented to both the biometrics scanner in 302 and the proximity-based communication device in 308 (e.g., within a predetermined time of each other), then next, the algorithm determines, in " Authentication successful " box 310, whether the biometrics scanner and the proximity-based communication device are identifying the same user or different users.

[0058] In some embodiments, Authentication successful must be from the same user. In other embodiments, Authentication successful requires that the user authenticated by the biometric reader and the user authenticated by the proximity-based communication device be different but known and related people. In any case, if there is no Authentication successful between the user identified by the biometrics scanner and the user identified by the proximity-based communication device in 310, the process loops back at the beginning to obtain one or more inputs, as described in more detail herein.

[0059] Alternatively, if there is a Authentication successful between the user identified by the biometrics scanner and the user identified by the proximity-based communication device in 310 (e.g., within a predetermined time of each other), then control proceeds to 312, and the controller issues an unlock command to, for example, lock 208. Here, Authentication successful the predetermined time required for

[0060] Therefore, according to algorithm 300 of FIG. 3, when the controller determines the Authentication successful multi-part electronic verification, for example, it issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. Here, the multi-part verification includes the match between the biometrics read by the biometrics scanner and the authorized user, the identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device, and the match with the stored identification information data accessible by the controller and identifying the authorized user (for example, the same authorized user matched by the biometrics reader).

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the proximity-based wireless communication device is implemented by at least one of an NFC reader that communicates with a corresponding near-field communication (NFC) tag and a Bluetooth receiver configured to pair only with an authorized user. Further, in these embodiments, the locking mechanism can include a zipper clasp. Here, the lock includes a locking member that prevents the clasp from being removed when the lock is in the locked position and when the clasp is inserted into the lock opening. As another example, the locking member can prevent at least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position.

[0062] In particular, even with multi-part authentication, in some embodiments, it is possible to control the lock to move from the locked position to the unlocked position by the mechanical key receptacle engaging with a physical key, independent of the unlock command signal from the controller.

[0063] In practical applications, two independent verification mechanisms may be sufficient. However, it is possible to incorporate more and / or alternative verification mechanisms. In this regard, algorithm 300 can be modified to include additional, different, or fewer authentication mechanisms.

[0064] As a first example, if there is no proximity-based communication device, the system can authenticate based only on the input from the biometrics scanner. Here, if the input is valid at 304, it is assumed that the Authentication successful is satisfied.

[0065] Similarly, as a second example, if there is no biometrics scanner, the system can authenticate based only on the input from the proximity-based communication device. Here, if the input is valid at 310, it is assumed that the Authentication successful is satisfied.

[0066] As yet another example, the system may include both a biometrics scanner and one or more proximity-based communication devices, or a plurality of different proximity-based communication devices. Here, the controller may consider only a valid input from one device, or may require verification from multiple devices, depending on the desired implementation, for example.

[0067] Thus, algorithm 300 can be modified to not require two-factor authentication. Rather, Authentication successful the decision logic 306 may be optional. As a result of such a modification, the controller issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position in a manner based on at least one electronic verification selected from a match between the biometrics read by the biometrics reader at 302, 304 and an authorized user, or a match between the identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device at 308, 310 and an authorized user, independent of a mechanical key receptacle (if a mechanical unlock is provided).

[0068] As a further example, any of the above embodiments can replace a proximity-based communication device and / or a biometric reader scanner. For example, the proximity-based communication device and / or the biometric scanner can be replaced with a user interface of an electronic lock that requires a pin code or other unique user input. As a further example, the proximity-based communication device and / or the biometric scanner can be replaced with another electronic component (or components), such as, for example, Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, Wi-Fi (registered trademark), a GPS receiver, or other global or local positioning system. Further, multiple "authentication channels" (e.g., any of the techniques described herein for communication, user interaction, etc., such as user I / O, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, NCF, GPS, etc.) can be provided, and n channels of Authentication successful are required, where n is any integer greater than 0 (i.e., 1 or more). Thus, for example, there may be three or four authentication methods, and for the controller to issue an unlock command, two or more of those authentications need to match.

[0069] Furthermore, some secondary authentication can be automated. For example, when an authorized user places a fingerprint on a biometric scanner (e.g., a fingerprint reader), the controller may attempt to automatically obtain verification of the user identification information by checking the geographical location by searching for a Bluetooth device, smartphone, etc. that is known to be associated with the user, or attempt to read an NCF or other badge or tag associated with the user. For example, in other embodiments where security is more of an issue, the user may be required to actively participate in the two-factor verification by, for example, physically touching an NCF device to the housing of an electronic lock, responding to a message sent to the user's smartphone by an electronic lock via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, being required to enter a pin in the electronic lock housing by the user, being required to enter a pin on the associated smartphone by the user, responding to an email, app push request, text request to a smartphone's texting app, etc.

[0070] In some embodiments, if the controller detects a predetermined number of unauthorized identification attempts, the controller issues a lockout, and thus, for example, the owner may be required to reset the controller by, for example, requesting a supervisor / admin login via a specific user account. The user may be required to reset the lock using a physical key, etc.

[0071] In some embodiments, Algorithm 300 can be modified to provide a number of additional features that can enhance the flexibility of the lock. For example, there is no strict requirement that the user entering the biometric be the same person providing the input via the proximity-based communication device. For example, there may be situations where it is desirable to require two individuals to unlock the lock. As yet another example, a single individual can use the biometric scanner for multiple different inputs. For example, the user may be required to scan two or more fingers, and as a result, different signatures may be obtained for each finger. The biometric scanner can be utilized in other ways, which will be described in more detail herein. Here, there may be multi-part authentication for each user, or two or more individuals can split the ownership of different components of the multi-part authentication.

[0072] Example C of the electronic lock

[0073] Referring to FIG. 4, an example block diagram of an electronic lock 400 is shown. The electronic lock 400 is similar to the electronic lock 200 of FIG. 2. Accordingly, similar elements are denoted by similar reference numerals that are 200 greater than the corresponding elements. Accordingly, the detailed description of similar components will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Similar to the block diagram of FIG. 2, the electronic lock 400 includes a controller 402, a biometric reader 404, a proximity-based wireless communication device 406, a lock 408, a power supply 420, and the like. These components may be similar to the counterparts of FIG. 2. Further, the electronic lock 400 can implement any of the processes herein, including the process described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0075] However, FIG. 4 shows a memory that can store, among other electronic data, the user list 430. Here, the memory, and thus the electronic user list, is communicatively coupled to the controller 402. The controller 402 can access the data stored in the user list 430 to determine, for example, whether a valid input indicating an authorized user has been received from the biometrics scanner (see 304 in FIG. 3), whether a valid input indicating an authorized user has been received from the proximity-based communication device (see 310 in FIG. 3), combinations thereof, and the like. As some exemplary examples, the user list 430 can store biometric signatures such as fingerprint signatures. Each fingerprint signature is associated with a unique authorized user. The user list 430 can also store electronic identification information data such as signatures, for example, an identifier associated with the corresponding proximity-based communication device, a PIN code, an electronic key, an electronic password, and the like. The ability to correlate and normalize different authentication techniques to a common user list enables the device itself to efficiently perform multi-factor authentication.

[0076] In practical applications, there are several ways to program the user list 430. The user list can be uploaded to a local database via a hardware connector such as a USB (not shown for clarity). As another example, the user list can be uploaded wirelessly (e.g., using a smartphone, computer, etc., via a connection to a network such as Wi-Fi). Further, the controller 402 can execute an algorithm that implements a secure management mode in which the controller 402 itself constructs a valid user list and associates each valid user with a unique biometric signature and a unique input via the proximity-based communication device.

[0077] Example D of the Electronic Lock

[0078] Referring to FIG. 5, an example block diagram of an electronic lock 500 is shown. The electronic lock 500 is similar to the electronic lock 400 of FIG. 4 and / or the electronic lock 200 of FIG. 2. Accordingly, similar elements are denoted by similar reference numerals that are 300 greater than the corresponding elements of FIG. 2 and 100 greater than the corresponding elements of FIG. 4. Therefore, a detailed description of similar components will not be provided here in detail.

[0079] Similar to the block diagram of FIG. 4, the electronic lock 500 includes a controller 502, a biometric reader 504, a proximity-based communication device 506, a lock 508, a power supply 520, and a user list 530. These components may be similar to their counterparts in FIG. 4. Further, the electronic lock 500 can implement any of the processes described herein, including the process described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0080] However, a Bluetooth transceiver 532 is added in FIG. 5. The Bluetooth transceiver 532 can function with several capabilities. The Bluetooth receiver can function as a short-range transceiver for programming and communication. Alternatively, the Bluetooth transceiver can function instead of or in addition to the proximity-based communication device 506 for multi-part authentication. For example, the transactions of the Bluetooth transceiver may be replaced with the transactions of the proximity-based communication device in the algorithm of FIG. 3. Alternatively, three-way authentication can also be performed by extending the algorithm of FIG. 3 to correspond to the Bluetooth transceiver input, similar to the biometric input (302, 304) and / or the proximity-based communication device input (308, 310). Or, the Bluetooth transceiver can function instead of a biometric scanner, a proximity-based communication device, etc.

[0081] Example E of an Electronic Lock

[0082] Referring to FIG. 6, an example block diagram of an electronic lock 600 is shown. The electronic lock 600 is similar to any combination of the disclosures of the electronic lock 200 of FIG. 2, the electronic lock 400 of FIG. 4, or the electronic lock 500 of FIG. 5. Accordingly, similar elements are denoted by similar reference numerals that are 400 greater than the corresponding elements of FIG. 2, 200 greater than the corresponding elements of FIG. 4, and 100 greater than the corresponding elements of FIG. 5. Accordingly, a detailed description of similar components is not provided here in detail.

[0083] Similar to other electronic locks described in more detail herein, the electronic lock 600 includes a controller 602 (capable of executing the algorithm 300 of FIG. 3) and a biometric reader 604. The electronic lock 600 also includes a lock 608, a power supply 620, and a user list 630. Further, the electronic lock 600 can implement any of the processes herein, including the process described with reference to FIG. 3.

[0084] The electronic lock 600 can also include one or more communication devices, as shown in more detail herein. For purposes of illustration, these device(s) are shown in block 634. Here, the communication device(s) may include, among other things, NFC, Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, combinations thereof, and the like.

[0085] The electronic lock 600 also includes a positioning system 636. The positioning system 636 can be implemented as a Global Positioning System (GPS), a local positioning system, etc. By incorporating GPS, it enables the electronic lock to implement a geographically-based determination in an algorithm that determines whether to issue an unlock command to the lock 608. For example, a geographical fence can be set such that the algorithm requires the electronic lock 608 to be outside a defined geographical area(s) in order to issue an unlock command. Similarly, using the positioning system 636, a geographical containment area can be set such that the algorithm requires the electronic lock 600 to be within a predefined geographical boundary in order to issue an unlock command.

[0086] In particular, other metadata can be used with or instead of geographically-based data to enhance the algorithm 300 such that the algorithm issues an unlock command. For example, an administrator can configure the electronic lock 600 to open only within a set time on a set day. The geographical requirements and metadata requirements may be additional to or part of the required n-part authentication described in more detail herein.

[0087] As some examples, the electronic lock can include a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver controlled by a controller to determine the position of the electronic lock when an attempt is made to unlock the lock. In some embodiments, the controller reads a list of geographical boundaries and determines whether to require multi-part electronic verification. For example, multi-part verification may be required if the user is in a geographical fence area such as a public place. As yet another example, multi-part verification can be disabled if the user is in a geographical fence area such as a safe location.

[0088] As an illustrative example, the controller can be programmed using at least one approved geographic boundary. Here, when the controller determines from the GPS receiver that the electronic lock is within a predetermined approved geographic boundary, the controller issues an unlock command signal to, for example, an electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position from any one of the provided authorization devices such as a fingerprint scanner or a proximity-based wireless communication device. The controller can request multi-part electronic verification to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for example, to an electric actuator when the electronic lock is not within a predetermined approved geographic boundary. In other embodiments, the two roles described above can be reversed. For example, when the controller determines from the GPS receiver that the electronic lock is not within a predetermined approved geographic boundary, the controller issues an unlock command signal to, for example, an electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position from any one of the provided authorization devices. The controller can request multi-part electronic verification to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for example, to an electric actuator when the electronic lock is within a predetermined approved geographic boundary.

[0089] The electronic lock 600 is also shown as having a device port 638. The device port 638 can include, for example, a universal serial bus (USB) port. The device port 638 can function to recharge a battery (e.g., power supply 620) that supplies power to the electronic lock 600. The device port 638 can also be used to supply power to the electronic lock 600, for example, when the battery's useful life has expired. Further, the device port 638 can be used to load data, for example, into the user list 630. Further, information can be extracted from the electronic lock 600 using the device port 638.

[0090] For example, the electronic lock 600 can log attempts at authorization, such as capturing data when the lock is accessed. The electronic lock can also use a positioning system to tag attempts at authorization with geographical data, thereby creating a record that reflects not only that the lock was accessed, but also who accessed it and where.

[0091] The electronic lock 600 can also include one or more input / output (I / O) devices 640. Examples of I / O devices include speakers, microphones, tactile devices, transducers, piezo elements, lights, LEDs, displays, and the like. In an example embodiment, the I / O device 640 is coupled to the controller 602 so that the controller 602 can interact with the I / O device 640 and the I / O device 640 can operate in harmony with other features of the electronic lock 600.

[0092] As an example, the I / O device 640 implemented as a microphone and coupled with the voice recognition software executed by the controller 602 enables the voice activation of the unlock command. Here, the user can train the controller 602 to respond to a voice command to unlock the lock 608 on the controller. Also (and / or, alternatively), in some embodiments, a voice command can be used to shift the lock 608 on the controller 602 to the locked position. Additionally, optionally, a voice command can be utilized to turn on or off specific features. For example, biometric scanners, Bluetooth, GPS, NFC, or other features provided on the specific device 600 can be enabled or disabled. Further, the controller can be made to start listening for voice commands by a pre-specified command. For example, a command such as "hey lock" can trigger the lock and start the listening for voice commands. In this regard, the controller can be programmed to listen to identify (e.g., authenticate) the characteristics of the voice signal based on language characteristics. Also, the controller can be programmed to listen for specific words, sounds, or combinations thereof. The command words may be embedded in a sentence such that the true trigger word is hidden. In this regard, the controller can record over a certain time window and then parse the recorded speech to look for trigger words, sounds, etc.

[0093] As yet another example, the I / O device 640 can be an LED and / or an LED and a speaker / transducer. Here, the controller is programmed to respond to a user request to find the lock. Thus, the LED can be programmed to turn on, blink, change color, etc. to send a "beacon". The I / O device 640 can also play sounds such as a chirp, an alarm, etc. to assist in locating the electronic lock 600.

[0094] As yet another example, a smartphone can connect to the lock via, for example, Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, Wi-Fi, USB, or other wired or wireless technologies. In this implementation, the lock includes a suitable transceiver, a USB interface, etc. for communicating with the smartphone. Similar to the voice example above, the microphone of the smartphone is coupled with voice recognition software running on the smartphone, for example, via an app, to enable voice activation of the unlock command. Here, the user can train the voice software of the app to cause the controller 602 to unlock the lock 608 in response to a voice command. Also (and / or, alternatively), in some embodiments, a voice command can be used to move the lock 608 to the locked position by the controller 602. Also, optionally, a voice command can be utilized to turn on or off certain features. For example, biometric scanners, Bluetooth, GPS, NFC, or other features provided on a particular device 600 can be enabled or disabled. Further, a voice command listening can be started by the controller by a pre-specified command. For example, a smartphone app can be triggered by a command such as "Hey, lock" to start listening for voice commands. In this regard, the smartphone app can be programmed to listen to identify (e.g., authenticate) the characteristics of the voice signal based on language characteristics. Also, the smartphone app can be programmed to listen for particular words, sounds, or combinations thereof. The command words may be embedded in the text, and the true trigger word may be hidden. In this regard, the smartphone app can record over a certain time window and then parse the recorded speech to look for trigger words, sounds, etc.

[0095] In further example embodiments, a smartphone can be used to enhance the controller (e.g., controller 602) and / or other components of the lock. For example, the user may be required to enter a biometric signature. However, the smartphone app includes the same signature library (or a subset of the same signature library) as the lock. Thus, the smartphone app can use the smartphone's biometric scanner to read the biometric signature in addition to or instead of the lock's biometric scanner. In another example, the smartphone can use its transceiver (e.g., Wi-Fi transceiver) to receive software updates and the like. Next, software updates and the like can be loaded into controller 602. In yet another example, the lock's controller can communicate with the smartphone app to perform extended functions. For example, the lock may not include a built-in GPS, but relies on the smartphone GPS and the smartphone's computing capabilities to perform any one or more of the geographic feature functions described in more detail herein. In this example, the lock can offload data-intensive processing by utilizing the graphical user interface including a touch screen and the computer processing capabilities of the smartphone. This saves energy, extends battery life, and reduces the computing power required by the lock. Here, when the lock receives an input indicating that the controller needs to issue an unlock command, the lock's controller first communicates with the smartphone app to check, for example, whether the unlock command was received within the geographic boundary requirements and whether the required authentication is satisfied.

[0096] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the user can set unique pairing requirements for the lock's controller to pair with a smartphone. This can ensure a secure and highly reliable pairing with the lock. As an example, when using Bluetooth, the user can set unique discovery parameters (e.g., a passkey, PIN, passcode, password, or other security code). The lock's Bluetooth receiver requests this unique discovery parameter before successful pairing is completed. When the user attempts to pair with the lock, after discovering the lock, the lock requests the user to enter the correct discovery parameter. Since the discovery parameter is set by the lock's user, the user can pair with any smartphone. Thus, for example, if the user's smartphone is not charged or not in possession, and the user needs to unlock the lock using the smartphone, the user can borrow a smartphone from a trusted source, pair the new smartphone, download all necessary apps, and use the app on the borrowed smartphone to issue an unlock command for the lock system to the controller.

[0097] In a further aspect of the present disclosure, for example, since the lock's controller is integrated with a smartphone to offload technology and / or software processing, the same or similar functions can be passed to other electronic peripherals / accessories. For example, in some embodiments, the lock can be controlled to issue an unlock command in response to a command received from a smartwatch.

[0098] In a further embodiment, the smartphone functions as a graphical user interface to convey important information to the user. For example, the lock controller sends a message to the smartphone app (e.g., directly or via a cloud infrastructure) indicating, for example, battery level, access details, lock status (locked, unlocked), etc. As another example, the smartphone app can function as a "finder" by finding the lock based on, for example, GPS, wireless communication, or a combination thereof.

[0099] Also, for example, a smartphone app can be programmed to perform a specific locking or unlocking function automatically or by user interaction based on proximity to a lock. For example, in an embodiment, when a lock exceeds a predefined range, distance, etc. from the smartphone app, an alarm is triggered by the smartphone. As an example, a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) can be used as the estimated distance of the lock from the smartphone. In addition to the alarm, the smartphone app can automatically send a command to lock the lock itself (if automation is possible depending on the lock design). Also, the functions of the smartphone described herein can enhance the normal function of the lock, override the normal function of the lock, or be overridden by the normal function of the lock. For example, in some embodiments, the lock is automatically unlocked usually just before the battery discharges too low to respond to commands. However, if the smartphone app detects that the lock is not within a predefined range, this normal unlocking sequence can be overridden to prevent the lock from being automatically unlocked. This smartphone override can be geographically bounded such that, for example, when the lock is within a defined geographical boundary such as the user's home, the lock is simply unlocked when the battery gets too low. On the other hand, when the lock is in another geographical boundary (e.g., a designated geographical location such as a public place), or when the lock is outside a designated "safe" geographical boundary, the smartphone and the lock interact to prevent the lock from being automatically unlocked when the battery of the lock gets too low.

[0100] Other

[0101] To illustrate the features of the electronic lock, various embodiments are shown. In fact, the electronic lock according to the aspects herein can generally be implemented using any one or more of the features described with reference to any one or more of the drawings herein. Accordingly, each drawing represents a non-limiting example embodiment composed of several components, processes, etc. that can be combined with features such as components and processes from other embodiments herein. For example, an authentication device such as a GPS device 636 can be implemented in the configurations of FIGS. 2, 4, 5, etc.

[0102] As another illustration, an example embodiment of an electronic lock can include a housing having a first face, a lock opening extending through the first face of the housing, a keyhole passing through the housing, and a biometric interface attached to the housing. The housing can include, for example, a controller, a biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller, and a proximity-based wireless communication device electrically coupled to the controller. Also, the lock cooperates with a lock mechanism insertable into the lock opening to move from a locked position to an unlocked position. For example, the lock can include a locking member that prevents a zipper clasp inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position, and the locking member prevents at least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position.

[0103] Furthermore, the mechanical key receptacle is configured to receive a physical key. In this arrangement, the controller issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position in a manner independent of the mechanical key receptacle, based on at least one electronic verification selected from a match of the biometric read by the biometric reader and the electronic data identifying an authorized user, or a match of the identifier read by a proximity-based wireless communication device (e.g., an NFC reader communicating with a corresponding short-range electronic wireless communication (NFC) tag, a Bluetooth receiver configured to pair only with an authorized user, etc.) and the electronic data identifying an authorized user. Further, the lock is controlled to move from the locked position to the unlocked position by the engagement of the mechanical key receptacle with a physical key, independent of the unlock command signal from the controller. In some embodiments, both a first proximity-based wireless communication device such as an NFC reader communicating with a corresponding short-range electronic wireless communication (NFC) tag and a second proximity-based wireless communication device such as a Bluetooth receiver may be present. As shown in more detail herein, the electronic lock can include an authentication device such as a positioning system, which is a global positioning system (GPS) receiver controlled by the controller, for example, to determine the position of the electronic lock when an attempt is made to unlock the lock, as described in more detail herein.

[0104] However, other combinations of the features described herein can be combined to form an electronic lock. By way of example, the electronic lock includes the GPS 636 of FIG. 6 and the proximity-based wireless communication device 406 of FIG. 4, but all biometric readers may be omitted.

[0105] Referring to the drawings as a whole, the technical examples described in this specification can be used in various ways to cause a controller to issue an unlock command. For example, the controller can respond to a PIN (e.g., a personal identification code) as a means of establishing authentication for issuing an unlock command. The PIN can be, for example, a sequence, pattern, or other code entered into a smart device such as a smartphone. When the smart device is running an app, in addition to or instead of pressing the "Unlock" virtual button on the graphical user interface of the smart device, a PIN can be used. Here, the PIN can be any combination of alphanumeric or special characters.

[0106] Also / Alternatively, the PIN can be implemented using, for example, encoded pulses similar to Morse signals. The code input can be implemented by tapping a biometric reader (e.g., biometric reader 204). In this way, instead of reading actual biometric input, the biometric reader detects activation and sends a signal to the controller. The controller is programmed to "listen" for a series of pulses or activations and convert these received series of pulses or activations into a PIN. If the interpreted pattern matches a pre - stored pattern, the controller can send an unlock command. Thus, determining the Authentication successful match between, for example, electronic data corresponding to biometrics read by a biometric reader and data identifying an authorized user can include collecting data corresponding to biometrics read by the biometric reader by collecting a series of taps on the biometric reader, thus forming a PIN, and comparing the determined PIN with data identifying an authorized user.

[0107] In view of the above, an electric lock according to yet another exemplary embodiment includes a housing in which a lock opening extends through a surface, and a biometric interface attached to the housing. A lock system is included within the housing. Here, the lock system includes a controller. The lock system also includes one or more authentication devices. For example, the lock system includes a biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller and to the biometric interface. When the lock is in the locked position and the locking mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the locking mechanism is locked to the housing, and when the lock is in the unlocked position, the locking mechanism can be released from the housing, so that the lock transitions between the locked position and the unlocked position. Correspondingly, an electric actuator is electrically coupled to the controller and is operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position. In this configuration, the controller determines a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometrics read by the biometric reader and the data identifying an authorized user, or when the user taps into the biometric interface a PIN that matches the PIN corresponding to the user stored in a memory accessible by the controller, an electronic unlock command signal is issued, for example, to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. Authentication successful to determine, or when it detects that the user has tapped into the biometric interface a PIN that matches the PIN corresponding to the user stored in a memory accessible by the controller, an electronic unlock command signal is issued, for example, to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0108] This same concept can be applied to other input devices. For example, instead of the controller using voice commands themselves, the user can tap into the microphone to send a pattern of taps. The controller listens for the pattern of taps and, if the interpreted pattern matches a pre - stored pattern, the controller sends an unlock command to the lock. Instead of or in addition to taps, the microphone can use speech, pitch, duration volume, or combinations thereof to assemble an input that matches a pre - stored value representing authorization to trigger an unlock command. Further, for example, a PIN code can be tapped into the graphical user interface of a smartphone linked to the lock via Bluetooth, Wi - Fi, ultra - wideband, etc.

[0109] Location - sensing features such as GPS can be used to take a related approach. The user can program a geographical location as a lock or unlock position. Further, other devices connected to the controller can be converted into PIN - code generators using a method similar to the above. This enables the features provided by the electronic lock to serve multiple purposes. This includes use as a PIN generator in addition to, or instead of, use in the normal functions of the related devices, as described in more detail herein.

[0110] Furthermore, as shown in more detail herein, a user who owns a smart device (e.g., a smartphone, smartwatch, smart fitness tracker, tablet, laptop, etc.) can link the smart device to the electronic lock, for example, via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Ultra-Wideband, etc. Using technologies such as UWB enables programming the controller with rules that affect whether the controller issues an unlock command. For example, Ultra-Wideband, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and similar technologies can sense the presence of an external device without actually pairing or connecting to it to communicate. Thus, the controller can be programmed via, for example, the user interface of a smart device (e.g., a smartphone, smartwatch, smart appliance, etc.) or a computer to authenticate the user to the controller (e.g., using one or more of the techniques described in more detail herein) and issue an unlock command only if one or more specific external devices (e.g., different from the user's smart device) are present or absent. For example, if the controller detects that the user is at home, the home Wi-Fi router can broadcast the Wi-Fi network name recognized by the controller. The controller can use the detection of Wi-Fi as a form of inferential positioning system to know that the user is in a familiar environment and thus can authorize the unlock command. Based on the disclosure herein, many other examples can be implemented.

[0111] The user can also pair a smart device such as a smartphone with the electronic lock. In this configuration, when using GPS, Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, Wi-Fi, etc. on either the electronic lock, the smartphone, or both, the controller can determine whether the electronic lock is within a predefined geographical boundary of the smartphone. In this regard, the controller is programmed with a rule to prevent the controller from sending an unlock command to the electronic lock when the electronic lock is outside the defined geographical boundary.

[0112] In yet another example embodiment, the controller is programmed to utilize signal strength, for example, by means of a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), power, signal intensity, or other metrics of other measurable parameters.

[0113] Also, as described in more detail herein, the controller can issue an unlock command based on predefined authentication. In some embodiments, the authentication can be performed from one characteristic / modality (e.g., biometric input, pairing of a smart device, PIN code input, etc.). In other embodiments, the controller is programmed with rules to provide predefined authentication based on multi-technology / multimodal verification, for example, pairing of NFC with a smart device, or any two or more modalities / characteristics described herein. In further embodiments, the controller is programmed with rules to define authentication based on a combination of a single characteristic / modality or multi-characteristics / modalities with external environmental criteria (e.g., not within a predefined geographical boundary (and not in a park), within a predefined geographical boundary (e.g., in one's own vehicle, at home, etc.), within the presence of an external device, and only when there is no presence of a known external device, etc.).

[0114] Further, if the controller can access the memory, the controller can save metrics including successful unlocks, failed attempts, timestamps, and other metadata. These metrics can be exported to a smartphone, for example, either directly or via a cloud-based data collection process.

[0115] In some embodiments, the controller can include other features that allow a bootloader or other software update to flash the electronic lock (e.g., to change firmware) on a smart device, computer, etc.

[0116] Further, as best shown in FIG. 6, in some embodiments, the controller 602 can communicate with a power source 620 (e.g., a power sensor). Thus, for example, the controller 602 can monitor battery characteristics such as battery charging. In this regard, when the battery drops below a certain charge (e.g., a first threshold such as 10% battery level), the controller 602 sends a message (e.g., a tone, light indicator, email, or text to the user's smartphone) informing the user that the battery needs to be recharged. If the battery level drops below a second threshold level (e.g., 5%), the controller 602 unlocks the lock in some embodiments. In this example, the measure of battery characteristics (e.g., charge) is evaluated against predetermined threshold(s) (e.g., the first threshold and the second threshold) as a percentage of the predicted remaining charge. However, other suitable measures can also be implemented.

[0117] Here, the controller 602 can provide feedback in multiple modes by controlling an LED (e.g., I / O 640) to blink or change color, for example, when the battery level exceeds a first threshold indicating that recharging is required, or when a second threshold indicating that it is necessary to lock the lock in the locked state (or alternatively unlock the lock) is exceeded according to user settings. The percentages shown for the first and second thresholds are just examples. Other values can be used instead.

[0118] Referring to this drawing as a whole, some additional non - limiting but exemplary examples are as follows. A clasp can be received in a lock opening (e.g., lock opening 106, FIG. 1) and released by a mechanism (e.g., a spring - loaded release). As another exemplary example, a zipper and a lock may include a magnet, and the magnet is attracted to the lock opening 106. In yet another example, a hook is inserted into the lock opening 106 and rotated by a locking mechanism, and thus the zipper, hook, or other suitable structure can be released from the lock opening 106. As yet another example, a snap can be connected to the lock either by a magnet or by a small hole in the snap. Here, the magnet is released when the magnetic attraction is overcome. A snap with a small hole can be connected to the lock. Here, the lock includes a rod that enters the lock opening 106 and secures the snap. The mechanism herein, upon receiving an unlock command, pulls the rod out of the snap, enabling the snap to be released. Thus, the user will always have the function of snapping. However, an electronic lock can turn the locking mechanism on or off.

[0119] Examples of Zipper Locks

[0120] Next, referring to FIG. 7, an example of an electronic lock 700 is shown. The electronic lock 700 can actually include any combination of the features described herein. For the sake of clarity of discussion, the illustrated electronic lock 700 includes a housing 702 having a first face 704 that defines a major surface facilitating interaction with the electronic lock 700. The housing 702 is shown in a substantially "box" shaped form factor for the sole purpose of facilitating the description and discussion of the important features herein. In reality, the housing 702 can take on any shape and / or size to, for example, conform to the intended use, the technology incorporated therein, the aesthetic sense, combinations thereof, and the like.

[0121] In a practical application, one or more features of the electronic lock 700 are exposed to the user through the housing 702. For example, as shown in the example of the electronic lock 700 of FIG. 1, a lock opening 706 extends through the first face 704 of the housing 702. The lock opening 706 defines an opening of the electronic lock 700 that receives a corresponding locking member (shown as a zipper clasp 707 in this example).

[0122] The electronic lock 700 can include an optional keyhole 708 that penetrates the housing 702. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the optional keyhole 708 extends through the first face 704 of the housing 702. However, in other embodiments, the keyhole 708 can extend through any other surface of the housing 702 (e.g., the back, side, etc.) or otherwise be coupled to any other surface. Regardless of location, when utilized, the keyhole 708 provides an interface for receiving a physical key that is specially configured to unlock / open the lock mechanism of the electronic lock 700. As will be described in more detail herein, the physical key operates the lock mechanism independent of the electronic lock mechanism. Similarly, the electronic lock mechanism can unlock the lock independent of the physical key. As a result, the electronic lock 700 can always be opened even when there is no power available to the electronic lock 700. In some embodiments, the keyhole 708 can be omitted.

[0123] Further, a biometric interface 710 is attached to the housing 702 or otherwise penetrates the housing 702. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the biometric interface 710 is attached to the first face 704 of the housing 702 or otherwise extends through the first face 104. However, in other embodiments, the biometric interface 710 can be attached to any other surface of the housing 702 or otherwise extend through any other surface. Regardless of location, the biometric interface 710 receives biometric information from a user. In some embodiments, the received biometric information can be used to unlock the electronic lock 700. In other embodiments, the received biometric information can be used to lock the electronic lock 700. In further embodiments, the received biometric information can be used as part of a multi-part authentication, verification, other schemes, etc. Examples thereof will be described in more detail herein.

[0124] In practical applications, the biometric interface 710 can form part of a fingerprint / thumbprint scanner. In this regard, the biometric interface 710 can optionally include a pad 712. The pad 712 provides an interface for receiving biometric input from the user, receiving a PIN tapped in by the user, or a combination thereof, as described in more detail herein. However, other biometric-based sensing technologies can also be used additionally / alternatively.

[0125] As shown in more detail herein, the electronic lock 700 can include other electronic identification features (e.g., NFC, Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, etc.) in addition to or instead of the biometric interface 710.

[0126] Optionally, the electronic lock can also include one or more user interface input / output features. The input / output unit 714 can include one or more buttons, pads, knobs, encoders, switches, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), or other input and / or output devices that facilitate user interaction with the lock.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 8, a zipper clasp 800 is shown in perspective view. For example, the zipper clasp 800 can implement the zipper clasp 707 of FIG. 7. The zipper clasp 800 generally includes a zipper fixture 802 attached to a zipper of a corresponding article (e.g., a bag, wallet, backpack, carry case, pouch, etc.). A zipper handle 804 for a user to grasp is coupled to the zipper fixture 802. A zipper lock arm 806 extends downwardly toward the distal end of the zipper handle. The zipper lock arm is generally orthogonal to the zipper handle 804. The zipper lock arm 806 includes an opening 808 that extends completely through the zipper lock arm. Further, the zipper lock arm surrounds the periphery of the opening 808. In this way, the lock mechanism of the electronic lock (e.g., FIG. 7) cooperates with the opening 808 to lock the zipper clasp 800 to the electronic lock 700 when the electronic lock 700 is in the locked state.

[0128] Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, a lock system according to aspects of the present disclosure herein is shown. The lock system can be implemented, for example, within a housing 702 (FIG. 7). FIG. 9A shows the lock system in the locked state, and FIG. 9B shows the lock system in the unlocked state.

[0129] The lock system receives a lock mechanism 900 (e.g., the zipper clasp 800, FIG. 8). Further, the lock system includes, for example, a drive device 902 such as a motor, a lock lever 904, a spring-loaded unlocking mechanism 906, a lock defined by a lock pin 908, a lock spring 910, a control circuit 912 such as any of the circuits described with respect to FIGS. 1 - 6, or any combination thereof, an energy source such as a battery 914, and a release spring 918.

[0130] Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, generally, when a lock mechanism 900 (e.g., a zipper clasp) is inserted into the lock system and the lock lever 904 is in the locked state (FIG. 9A), the user biases the lock mechanism downward into the housing such that the zipper lock arms (806, FIG. 8) compress the release spring 918. When the release spring 918 is compressed, the opening (opening 808, FIG. 8) aligns with the lock pin 908. The end of the lock spring 910 biases the lock pin 908 through the opening 808 of the zipper clasp 800 to lock the zipper clasp 800 to the lock system. Here, the release spring 918 is maintained in a compressed state and is kept compressed by the engagement of the lock pin 908 with the opening of the lock mechanism.

[0131] As best shown in FIG. 9B, to unlock the lock mechanism 900, the control circuit 912, in response to an unlock command, rotates its shaft in the drive device 902 to cause the cam to slide the lock lever 904 laterally across the lock system. Here, the drive device 902 and the cam define an electric actuator described in more detail herein. The lock lever 904 includes a wedge-shaped surface that engages the block of the lock pin 908. When the cam moves the lock lever 904 laterally, the wedge of the lock lever 904 is biased against the block of the lock pin 908, causing the lock pin 908 to move away from the spring-loaded lock mechanism 906 and compress the lock spring 910. When the lock lever 904 pulls the lock pin 908 far enough to remove the lock pin 908 from the opening 808 of the zipper clasp, the spring-loaded unlocking mechanism ejects the zipper clasp from the housing under spring force via the release spring 918.

[0132] Referring to FIG. 10, for clarity of discussion, selected components of the lock system are shown in more detail. The components shown in FIG. 10 can be used to implement the components of the lock system of FIG. 9. Accordingly, similar components are shown with reference numerals that are 100 greater than their corresponding ones shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.

[0133] During operation, when the user pushes the lock mechanism 1000 (e.g., a clasp) into the lock housing, the release 1016 is compressed via the spring 1018 by the protrusion of the clasp. To keep the release 1016 in the biased position, the lock pin 1008 includes a tip that enters an opening of the protrusion of the lock mechanism 1000. The lock pin 1008 is biased into the opening by the spring 1010. In this way, the springs 1010 and 1018 compress and expand in orthogonal directions. To unlock the device, the lock lever (refer to lock lever 904) moves in a lateral direction across the lock pin 1008 and into the "C" opening in an interrupting motion. When the lock lever interrupts the lock pin 1008, the lock pin 1008 starts to retract, compressing the spring 1010 until the tip of the lock pin 1008 is released from the opening of the lock mechanism 1000. When the tip is released, the release 1016 is pushed upward by the biasing of the spring 1018, ejecting the lock mechanism 1000 from the lock housing. Accordingly, the unlocking spring biases the discharge or partial discharge of the lock member from the lock housing.

[0134] The terms used in this specification are for the sole purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used in this specification, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural. As used herein, the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0135] Referring again to the drawings as a whole, in another exemplary embodiment, the controller is programmed to enable or permit the pairing of third-party devices. For example, using Bluetooth, a user can custom-program a pairing code in response to a pairing request. Since the pairing code is unique and recognized by the user (or programmed by the user in some embodiments), the user can decide to share the code with another device. For example, if a user cannot access their smart device (e.g., smartphone) but needs to unlock an electronic lock, the user can "borrow" a smart device and pair it with that device using a known pairing code. In some embodiments, a controller that recognizes the correct pairing code but also recognizes different MAC addresses can keep a log of occurrences, including, for example, a timestamp, a location stamp, a MAC address stamp, etc.

[0136] The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.

[0137] Thus, while the disclosure of the present application has been described in detail and with reference to its embodiments, it will be apparent that modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. [Item of the Invention] [Item 1] An electronic lock, comprising: A housing having a lock opening extending through a surface, the lock opening being configured to receive a locking mechanism; A biometric interface attached to the housing; A lock system contained within the housing; The lock system includes: A controller; A biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller and also electrically coupled to the biometric interface; A lock that moves between a locked position and an unlocked position, When the lock is in the locked position and the locking mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the locking mechanism is locked to the housing, When the lock is in the unlocked position, the locking mechanism can be released from the housing; An electric actuator electrically coupled to the controller and operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position; At least a battery for supplying power to the controller, the biometric reader, and the electric actuator; The electronic lock is provided with: When there is a successful authentication of a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the biometric data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user, or When a measure of the battery characteristics is below a predetermined threshold regardless of the output of the biometric reader, The controller issues an electronic unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 2] The electronic lock further comprises a keyhole passing through the housing, The lock system further includes a mechanical key receiver configured to receive a physical key passed through the keyhole. ​ The lock is controlled to shift from the locked position to the unlocked position when the physical key engages with the mechanical key receptacle, such that the physical key can unlock the lock independently of the unlock command signal from the controller, for the electronic lock according to item 1. [Item 3] The electronic lock according to item 1, wherein the mechanical key receptacle accepts a physical key compatible with a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) key to shift the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 4] Further comprising a proximity-based wireless communication device electrically coupled to the controller, determining successful authentication of verification including a match between an identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and stored identification information data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user, the controller further issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to shift the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for the electronic lock according to item 1. When it is determined that the authentication of verification including a match between an identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and stored identification information data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user is successful, the controller further issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to shift the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for the electronic lock according to item 1. [Item 5] The electronic lock according to item 4, wherein the proximity-based wireless communication device comprises at least one of an NFC reader that communicates with a corresponding Near Field Communication (NFC) tag and a Bluetooth receiver configured to pair only with an authorized user. [Item 6] Further comprising a proximity-based wireless communication device electrically coupled to the controller, determining successful authentication of multi-part electronic verification including a match between an identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and the same authorized user matched by the biometric reader, the controller issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to shift the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for the electronic lock according to item 1. When it is determined that the authentication of multi-part electronic verification including a match between an identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and the same authorized user matched by the biometric reader is successful, the controller issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to shift the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, for the electronic lock according to item 1. [Item 7] The lock mechanism is a zipper clasp, and the lock comprises a locking member that prevents the clasp from being removed when inserted into the lock opening when the lock is in the locked position, a zipper clasp, or The lock includes a locking member that prevents at least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position. The electronic lock according to item 1, comprising one selected from among them. [Item 8] The electronic lock according to item 1, wherein the measure of battery characteristics includes charging, and the predetermined threshold includes a percentage of the predicted remaining charge. [Item 9] When an attempt is made to unlock the lock, the electronic lock further comprises a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver controlled by the controller to determine the position of the electronic lock. The electronic lock according to item 1, wherein the controller reads a list of geographical boundaries and determines whether to request multi-part electronic verification. [Item 10] The controller is programmed using at least one approved geographical boundary. When the controller determines from the GPS receiver that the electronic lock is within a predetermined approved geographical boundary, the controller issues an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position from any one of a fingerprint scanner or the proximity-based wireless communication device. The electronic lock according to item 9, wherein when the electronic lock is not within the predetermined approved geographical boundary, the controller requests multi-part electronic verification to issue an unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 11] The authentication success of the match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the data identifying an authorized user is determined from the collected data detecting a series of taps on the biometric reader. Thus, a PIN is formed, and the determined PIN is compared with the data identifying the authorized user. The electronic lock according to item 1. [Item 12] When receiving a voice command instructing the controller to issue the unlock command signal, further The electronic lock according to item 1, wherein the controller issues the electronic unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 13] When receiving a command for instructing the controller to issue the unlock command signal from an application of a smartphone communicably coupled to the lock, further, The electronic lock according to item 1, wherein the controller issues the electronic unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 14] An electronic lock, A housing having a first surface, A lock opening extending through the first surface of the housing, A keyhole penetrating the housing, A biometric interface attached to the housing, A mechanical key receiver configured to receive a physical key, Comprising, The housing, A controller, A biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller, A proximity-based wireless communication device electrically coupled to the controller, A lock that cooperates with a lock mechanism insertable into the lock opening and moves from a locked position to an unlocked position, Including, The controller, A match between the biometric read by the biometric reader and electronic data identifying an authorized user, or A match between the identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and the electronic data identifying the authorized user Based on at least one electronic verification selected from, and issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position in a manner independent of the mechanical key receiver, The lock is controlled to move from the locked position to the unlocked position by the mechanical key receiver engaging a physical key, independent of the unlock command signal from the controller. An electronic lock. [Item 15] The proximity-based wireless communication device, An NFC reader that communicates with a corresponding near-field electronic wireless communication (NFC) tag, and A Bluetooth receiver configured to pair only with an authorized user The electronic lock according to item 14, comprising at least one of. [Item 16] The proximity-based wireless communication device includes a first proximity-based wireless communication device and further includes a second proximity-based wireless communication device, The first proximity-based wireless communication device includes an NFC reader for communicating with a corresponding short-range electronic wireless communication (NFC) tag, The electronic lock according to item 14, wherein the second proximity-based wireless communication device includes a Bluetooth receiver. [Item 17] The lock according to item 14, further comprising a locking member configured to prevent a zipper clasp inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position. [Item 18] The lock according to item 14, further comprising a locking member configured to prevent at least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position. [Item 19] The mechanical key receptacle according to item 14, which accepts a physical key compatible with a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) key and moves the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 20] The housing is When an attempt is made to unlock the lock, further includes a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver controlled by the controller to determine the position of the electronic lock, The electronic lock according to item 14, wherein the controller reads a list of geographical boundaries and determines whether to request multi-part electronic verification. [Item 21] The controller is programmed using at least one approved geographical boundary, When the controller determines from the GPS receiver that the electronic lock is within a predetermined approved geographical boundary, the controller issues an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position from any one of a fingerprint scanner or the proximity-based wireless communication device, The electronic lock according to item 20, wherein when the electronic lock is not within the predetermined approved geographical boundary, the controller requests multi-part electronic verification to issue an unlock command signal to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position. [Item 22] An electronic lock, A housing in which a lock opening extends through a surface, the lock opening being configured to receive a locking mechanism, the housing, A biometric interface attached to the housing, A locking system contained within the housing, Comprising, The locking system is, A controller, A biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller and also electrically coupled to the biometric interface, the biometric reader, A lock that transitions between a locked position and an unlocked position and is locked, When the lock is in the locked position and the locking mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the locking mechanism is locked to the housing, When the lock is in the unlocked position, the locking mechanism can be released from the housing, the lock, An electric actuator electrically coupled to the controller and operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position, the electric actuator, Comprising, When there is a successful authentication of a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the data identifying an authorized user, or When the user is detected to have tapped into the biometric interface a PIN that matches the PIN corresponding to the user and is stored in a memory accessible by the controller, The controller issues an electronic unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position, the electronic lock.

Claims

1. An electronic lock, comprising: a housing having a lock opening extending through a surface, the lock opening being configured to receive a locking mechanism; a biometric interface attached to the housing; a locking system contained within the housing; The locking system includes: a controller; a biometric reader electrically coupled to the controller and also electrically coupled to the biometric interface; a lock that moves between a locked position and an unlocked position; a global positioning system receiver controlled by the controller to determine the position of the electronic lock when an attempt is made to unlock the lock; an electric actuator electrically coupled to the controller and operable to move the lock between the locked position and the unlocked position; at least a battery for supplying power to the controller, the biometric reader, and the electric actuator; When the lock is in the locked position and the locking mechanism is inserted into the lock opening, the locking mechanism is locked to the housing. When the lock is in the unlocked position, the locking mechanism can be released from the housing. The controller is programmed using at least one predetermined approved geographical boundary. The controller: When the controller determines from the global positioning system receiver that the electronic lock is within the predetermined approved geographical boundary, if there is a successful authentication of a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the biometric data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user; When the electronic lock is not within the predetermined approved geographical boundary, if there is a successful authentication of a multi-part electronic verification, the successful authentication of the multi-part electronic verification is ​ ​ (i) successful authentication of a match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the biometric data accessible by the controller and identifying an authorized user, and (ii) successful authentication of a second verification, are required, in the case, or when, independent of the output of the biometric reader, a measure of battery characteristics falls below a predetermined threshold, an electronic lock in which the controller issues an electronic unlock command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

2. further comprising a keyhole passing through the housing, the lock system further comprising a mechanical key receptacle configured to receive a physical key passed through the keyhole, the lock is controlled to move from the locked position to the unlocked position when the physical key engages with the mechanical key receptacle, and the physical key can unlock the lock independent of the electronic unlock command signal from the controller. The electronic lock according to claim 1.

3. The electronic lock according to claim 2, wherein the mechanical key receptacle receives a physical key compatible with a Transportation Security Administration (TSA) key and moves the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

4. A proximity-based wireless communication device, further comprising a proximity-based wireless communication device comprising at least one of a short-range electronic wireless communication reader that communicates with a corresponding short-range electronic wireless communication tag or a Bluetooth receiver configured to pair only with an authorized user. The electronic lock according to claim 1.

5. A match between the identifier read by the proximity-based wireless communication device and the biometric data identifying the authorized user identified by the biometric reader is included in the second verification of the multi-part electronic verification. The electronic lock according to claim 4.

6. The locking mechanism is a zipper clasp, the lock comprising a locking member that prevents the zipper clasp inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position, a zipper clasp, or At least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt, wherein the lock comprises a locking member that prevents the shackle, hook, or bolt inserted into the lock opening from being removed when the lock is in the locked position, at least one of a shackle, a hook, or a bolt The electronic lock according to claim 1, comprising one selected from among them.

7. The electronic lock according to claim 1, wherein the measure of the battery characteristics includes the remaining charge of the battery, and the predetermined threshold includes a threshold of a percentage indicating the remaining charge.

8. The authentication success of the match between the electronic data corresponding to the biometric read by the biometric reader and the biometric data identifying an authorized user is determined from the data collected by detecting a series of taps on the biometric reader The electronic lock according to claim 1, wherein the data collected by detecting the series of taps forms a PIN, and the PIN is compared with the biometric data identifying the authorized user.

9. When receiving an audio command instructing the controller to issue the electronic lock release command signal, further The electronic lock according to claim 1, wherein the controller issues the electronic lock release command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

10. When receiving a command instructing the controller to issue the electronic lock release command signal from an application of a smartphone communicably coupled to the lock, further The electronic lock according to claim 1, wherein the controller issues the electronic lock release command signal to the electric actuator to move the lock from the locked position to the unlocked position.

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