Novel pesticidal composition

Abstract

The present invention particularly relates to a pesticide composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad present in the range of 0.01% to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole present in the range of 1% to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient, and having a particle size range of 0.1 to 50 microns. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the pesticide composition. The present invention further relates to a method of controlling fungal diseases, protecting crops, or improving plant health and yield by treating plants, plant propagation materials, sites or parts thereof, seeds, seedlings, or surrounding soil with the pesticide composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pesticidal combination comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole. The present invention also relates to a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, prothioconazole, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. More specifically, the present invention relates to a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient, and having a particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0002] The present invention further relates to a process for preparing the pesticidal composition.

[0003] The present invention further relates to a method for controlling fungal diseases, protecting crops, or improving the health and yield of plants by treating plants, crops, plant propagation materials, parts or portions thereof, seeds, seedlings, or the surrounding soil with the pesticidal composition.

Background Art

[0004] In describing embodiments of the present invention, specific terms are chosen for clarity. However, it is not intended that the present invention be limited to the specific terms so chosen, and it should be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents that function similarly and achieve a similar purpose.

[0005] The use of pesticides, particularly chemical fungicides, for the protection of crops against fungi and other pests has been an essential element of crop management.

[0006] Fungicides currently available on the market are · Do not provide the action of a broad spectrum, · Show an increase in pest resistance due to repeated and long-term administration of individual active substances or higher doses of known chemicals, · Lead to environmental pollution and soil toxicity due to leaching of fertilizers and pesticides in soil and groundwater Therefore, they do not meet the requirements of today's crop protection.

[0007] In addition, the repeated use of current pesticide products also shows problems such as reduced yields, pest recurrence, secondary pest occurrence, residue-related problems, and toxic effects on humans.

[0008] Therefore, there is an obvious need for improved pesticide products, especially fungicides, to address the above-mentioned drawbacks associated with known chemistry.

[0009] Fluxapyroxad, a pyrazole-carboxamide fungicide, controls fungal growth by inhibiting the succinate dehydrogenase enzyme and exhibits both preventive and therapeutic effects.

[0010] Prothioconazole, a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide, acts as an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor and inhibits the demethylation of the sterol precursors lanosterol or 24-methylene dihydro in fungi. Prothioconazole shows good penetration activity and provides good protection with a long-lasting effect against pathogens.

[0011] The role of sulfur as a fertilizer and a pesticide has been known for a long time. Sulfur is considered to be of organic nature and is widely available in its elemental form. The benefits of sulfur include not only nutritional benefits but also a reduction in the dependence on the use of chemicals as an effective method for pest and disease control. As it is of organic nature, it is environmentally friendly, increases crop yields, and improves food safety, human, animal, or plant health, and quality of life. The use of sulfur as a fungicide, acaricide, miticide, and nutrient has been particularly important and has been used for a long time as an environmentally friendly method of agricultural practice.

[0012] Combinations between two active substances for controlling pathogens and pests, namely fluxapyroxad and prothioconazole, and imidacloprid and sulfur, have been described in the literature. However, the biological properties of these known combinations are not entirely satisfactory, for example, in the areas of pathogenic control, phytotoxicity, and environmental exposure.

[0013] US20210084904 relates to a pesticidal mixture containing one or more succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs), preferably imidacloprid, and one or more sulfur-containing compounds, preferably sulfur for controlling peanut leaf spot.

[0014] WO20120016972 relates to a fungicidal composition containing fluxapyroxad and prothioconazole for controlling phytopathogenic fungi in maize.

[0015] WO2018162999 relates to fungicidal combinations comprising a multi-site contact fungicide, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibiting fungicide, and a second penetrant fungicide, and methods of using the same. WO2018162999 discusses thousands of possible three-way fungicide combinations. WO2018162999 discloses that due to the use of three-way combinations, the fungicidal compositions are effective in controlling target pests.

[0016] However, these documents do not mention a specific combination of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole in a pesticidally effective amount having a specific particle size, nor do they mention the efficacy and synergistic effect of said combination.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0017]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0018] Accordingly, there is no known fungicidal composition in the art consisting of a specific combination of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole that can be effectively used with broad-spectrum pesticidal activity at lower doses and address the drawbacks associated with the known compositions discussed above.

[0019] This need is solved according to the present invention by providing a stable and improved pesticidal combination.

Means for Solving the Problem

[0020] The present invention relates to a synergistic combination comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole.

[0021] The present invention also relates to a synergistic pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, prothioconazole, and at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient.

[0022] The present invention relates to a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient, and having a particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0023] The present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient, and having a particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0024] The present invention also relates to a method for controlling fungal diseases, protecting crops, or improving the health and yield of plants by treating plants, crops, plant propagation materials, parts or portions thereof, seeds, seedlings, or the surrounding soil with a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, prothioconazole, and at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0025] In describing embodiments of the present invention, certain terms are chosen for clarity. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to such specifically chosen terms, and it should be understood that such specific terms include all technical equivalents that function in a similar manner and achieve a similar purpose. Any numerical range described herein is intended to include all sub-ranges subsumed therein. Also, unless otherwise indicated, percentages of components in a composition are expressed as weight percentages.

[0026] As used herein, the terms "a" or "an" are defined as one or more than one. As used herein, the terms "including" and / or "having" are defined as comprising (i.e., non-limiting language).

[0027] The term "sulfur" as used in the composition refers to elemental sulfur obtained from natural or synthetic sources. This term includes allotropes of elemental sulfur such as plastic (amorphous) sulfur, monoclinic sulfur, orthorhombic sulfur composed of S8 molecules, and other cyclic molecules such as S7 and S12. This term also includes sulfur produced by the processing and refining of petrochemical products. This term includes "bio-sulfur". This term also includes elemental sulfur produced by microbial action.

[0028] Prothioconazole used in the present invention refers to prothioconazole or its salts or their derivatives.

[0029] Granules mainly refer to water-dispersible granules, extruded granules, or spheronized granules. As described herein, "GR" refers to extruded granules or spheronized granules. As described herein, "WG" or "WDG" refers to water-dispersible granules.

[0030] As described herein, a water-dispersible granule is defined as a formulation that, when added to water, rapidly disperses or dissolves to give a fine particle suspension. Water-dispersible granules are formulated as small, easily metered granules by blending and solidifying the powdered active ingredient together with surfactants and other formulation excipients, and when added to water, disperse into finer / primary particles.

[0031] According to the present invention, the term liquid suspension includes "aqueous suspension" or "aqueous dispersion" or "suspension concentrate (SC)" compositions. A liquid suspension is defined as a composition in which solid particles are dispersed or suspended in a liquid. The liquid as the vehicle is water and / or a water-miscible solvent.

[0032] As defined herein, WP refers to a wettable powder, which is a powder formulation for application as a suspension after being dispersed in water.

[0033] As defined herein, WS refers to a water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment.

[0034] As defined herein, an aqueous suspoemulsion is essentially a mixture of water-insoluble active ingredients dispersed in an aqueous solution, where one or more of the active ingredients are solids formulated in suspension concentrate (SC) form and one or more of the active substances are oils formulated as emulsions in water (EW).

[0035] The present invention relates to a synergistic combination comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole.

[0036] The present invention relates to a synergistic combination comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, and prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition. The present invention relates to an improved and stable fungicide composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient, and having a particle size in the range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0037] The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that a combination comprising elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole demonstrates a synergistic pesticidal activity as compared to the activity of the individual active ingredients alone.

[0038] In addition to the synergistic effect of the composition of the present invention, the inventors have surprisingly determined that a composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one pesticidal excipient in the form of a solid, liquid, gel, or paste provides excellent pest control and improves yields when the particles in the composition are present in the size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0039] The inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the presence of elemental sulfur in the composition of the present invention not only demonstrates a synergistic effect with respect to the control of fungi, but also further provides nutrition to plants, and thus shows a significant improvement in yields and other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, and improved leaves as compared to the individual application of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole.

[0040] Furthermore, the inventor has found that when elemental sulfur is introduced at a concentration of at least 30% w / w, the composition of the present invention exhibits remarkable efficacy. The presence of elemental sulfur in the composition at a concentration of at least 30% w / w not only helps to prolong pest resistance to other active substances present in the composition, namely prothioconazole and fluxapyroxad, but has also been found to assist in reducing the active dose of the fungicides, namely fluxapyroxad and prothioconazole.

[0041] Furthermore, the composition of the present invention has been found to provide not only economic advantages to ordinary farmers, but also ecological advantages due to the higher input of elemental sulfur. Elemental sulfur is organic in nature and thus causes no adverse effects on either the environment or the inhabitants. Additionally, it helps to reduce the active dose of the chemical / synthetic pesticidal agents used in the composition.

[0042] According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 30% w / w to 80% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 30% w / w to 70% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 30% w / w to 60% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 30% w / w to 50% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 40% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 40% w / w to 80% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 40% w / w to 70% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 50% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 50% w / w to 80% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, elemental sulfur is present in the range of 60% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition.

[0043] According to one embodiment, fluxapyroxad is present in the range of 0.01% to 25% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, fluxapyroxad is present in the range of 0.01% to 20% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, fluxapyroxad is present in the range of 0.01% to 15% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, fluxapyroxad is present in the range of 0.01% to 10% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, fluxapyroxad is present in the range of 0.01% to 5% w / w of the total composition.

[0044] According to one embodiment, prothioconazole is present in the range of 1% to 20% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, prothioconazole is present in the range of 1% to 15% w / w of the total composition. According to one embodiment, prothioconazole is present in the range of 1% to 10% w / w of the total composition.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition is in the form of a solid, liquid, or gel, or paste.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the liquid pesticidal composition is in the form of a suspension concentrate (SC) or an aqueous suspension or a liquid suspension, an oil dispersion (OD), a flowable concentrate (FC), a seed dressing, a suspoemulsion (SE), a suspension concentrate for seed treatment (FS), an ultra-low-volume (ULV) concentrate.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the liquid pesticidal composition is preferably in the form of a suspension concentrate or an aqueous suspension or a liquid suspension.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the solid pesticidal composition is in the form of a powder, granule, or fine powder.

[0049] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition is in the form of a powder including wettable powder (WP), water dispersible powder (WS) for slurry seed treatment, dustable powder (DP), powder for dry seed treatment (DS), and water disintegrable tablet.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition is in the form of granules including spray granules, pellets, extruded granules, water dispersible granules (WG), and water disintegrable granules.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition is preferably in the form of water dispersible granules.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules has a size range of 0.05 mm to 3 mm. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules has a size range of 0.05 mm to 2.5 mm. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules has a size range of 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules has a size range of 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules or suspension concentrate can include particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules can include particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 40 microns. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules can include particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 30 microns. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules can include particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 25 microns. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water dispersible granules can include particles in a size range of 0.1 micron to 20 microns.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition comprises at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient.

[0055] According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient is present in the range of from 0.1% w / w to 70% w / w of the total composition. According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient is present in the range of from 0.1% w / w to 60% w / w of the total composition. According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient is present in the range of from 0.1% w / w to 50% w / w of the total composition. According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient is present in the range of from 0.1% w / w to 40% w / w of the total composition. According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient is present in the range of from 0.1% w / w to 35% w / w of the total composition.

[0056] According to further embodiments, the agrichemically acceptable excipient comprises at least one of a surfactant, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, an emulsifying agent, a binder or binding agent, a disintegrant, a filler or carrier or diluent, a coating agent, a buffering agent or pH adjuster or neutralizing agent, an anti-foaming agent or defoaming agent, a penetrant, an ultraviolet absorber, a UV light scattering agent, a stabilizer, a pigment, a colorant, a structuring agent, a chelating agent or complexing agent or sequestering agent, a thickening agent, a suspending agent or suspending aid or anti-caking agent or anti-settling agent, a viscosity modifier or rheology modifier, a tackifier, a humectant, an adherent, an anti-freezing agent or freezing point depressant, a solvent, a preservative or bactericide or fungicide or biocide or antimicrobial agent or antioxidant, and mixtures thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional agrichemically acceptable excipients may be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or spheronized granules further comprises at least one pesticidal excipient including a disintegrant, a surfactant, a binder, or a filler, or a carrier, or a diluent, an anti-foaming agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a UV light scattering agent, an anti-caking agent or an anti-settling agent or a suspending aid or a suspending agent, a penetrant, a fixing agent, an adhesion-imparting agent, a pigment, a colorant, a stabilizer, a dispersant. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional agrochemically acceptable excipients can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0058] According to one embodiment, the liquid pesticidal composition further comprises at least one pesticidal excipient including at least one structuring agent, a surfactant, a humectant, a water-miscible solvent, a suspending agent or a suspending aid or an anti-caking agent or an anti-settling agent, a penetrant, a fixing agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a UV light scattering agent, a buffer or a pH adjuster or a neutralizing agent, a stabilizer, an anti-freezing agent or a freezing point depressant, an anti-foaming agent. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional agrochemically acceptable excipients can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0059] However, those skilled in the art will recognize that additional agrochemically acceptable excipients can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. Agrochemically acceptable excipients are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the surfactant includes one or more of an emulsifier, a wetting agent, and a dispersant. According to one embodiment, the surfactant used in the pesticidal composition includes one or more of anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, and polymeric surfactants.

[0061] Anionic surfactants include salts of fatty acids, benzoates, polycarboxylates, salts of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfates, alkyl diglycol ether sulfates, salts of alcohol sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, aryl sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonates, polystyrene sulfonates, salts of alkyl phosphates, alkyl aryl phosphates, styryl aryl phosphates, sulfonate doxates, salts of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether sulfates, alkyl sarcosinates, sodium salts of alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates or their salts, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sulfosuccinates, polyacrylates, polyacrylate-free acids and sodium salts, salts of polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates, salts of polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl phosphate esters, sulfosuccinic acid - mono and other diesters, phosphate esters, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates - isopropyl and butyl derivatives, sodium and ammonium salts of alkyl ether sulfates;Alkyl aryl ether phosphates, ethylene oxide and its derivatives, salts of polyoxyethylene aryl ether phosphates, mono-alkyl sulfosuccinates, aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonates, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium perfluorononanoate, doxate, coco amphodiacetate disodium, magnesium laureth sulfate, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, carboxylates, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, phospholipids, potassium lauryl sulfate, soaps, soap substitutes, sodium alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium laurate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myreth sulfate, sodium nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate, alkyl carboxylates, sodium stearate, alpha olefin sulfonates, naphthalene sulfonate salts, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate fatty acid salts, naphthalene sulfonate condensate - sodium salts, fluorocarboxylates, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate - sodium salts, salts of naphthalene sulfonic acid condensed with formaldehyde or salts of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid condensed with formaldehyde; or salts, including but not limited to one or more of their derivatives.;

[0062] Nonionic surfactants include polyol esters, polyol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated esters, polyethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated and propoxylated alcohols, ethylene oxide (EO) / propylene oxide (PO) copolymers; EO and PO block copolymers, di-, tri-block copolymers; block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, poloxamers, polysorbates, alkyl polysaccharides such as alkyl polyglycosides and blends thereof, amine ethoxylates, sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycol and glycerol esters, glucosidyl alkyl ethers, sodium tallowate, polyoxyethylene glycol, sorbitan alkyl esters, sorbitan derivatives, fatty acid esters of sorbitan (Span) and their ethoxylated derivatives (Tween), and sucrose esters of fatty acids, cetostearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cocamidodiethanolamine (DEA), cocamidoethanolamine (MEA), decyl glucoside, decyl polyglucose, glycerol monostearate, lauryl glucoside, maltoside, monolaurin, narrow range ethoxylate, Nonidet (registered trademark) P-40, nonoxynol-9, nonoxynol, octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, N-octyl beta-D-thioglucopyranoside, octyl glucoside, oleyl alcohol, PEG-10 sunflower glyceride, pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, polidocanol, poloxamer, poloxamer 407, polyethoxylated tallow amine, polyglycerol polyricinoleate, polysorbate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, sorbitan, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan tristearate, stearyl alcohol, surfactin, glyceryl laurate, lauryl glucoside, nonylphenol polyethoxyethanol, nonylphenol polyglycol ether, castor oil ethoxylate, polyglycol ether, polyadduct of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, block copolymer of polyalkylene glycol ether and hydroxystearic acid,Tributylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, ethoxy-propoxylated tristyrylphenol, ethoxylated alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan, fatty acid polyglyceride, fatty acid alcohol polyglycol ether, acetylene glycol, acetylene alcohol, oxyalkylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ether, polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, alcohol ethoxylate - C6 to C16 / 18 alcohol, linear and branched alcohol alkoxylate - various hydrophobic groups and EO / PO content and ratio, fatty acid ester - mono and diesters; lauric acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid; glycerol ester - with and without EO; derived from lauric acid, stearic acid, coco and tall oil, ethoxylated glycerin, sorbitan ester - with and without EO; lauric acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid series; mono and triesters, castor oil ethoxylate - 5 to 200 moles of EO; non-hydrogenated and hydrogenated, block polymer, amine oxide - ethoxylated and non-ethoxylated; alkyldimethyl, fatty amine ethoxylate - coco, tallow, stearyl, oleyl amine, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil or polyoxypropylene fatty acid ester; salts or derivatives thereof, including but not limited to one or more of these.

[0063] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, betaines, coco and laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocoalkyldimethylamine oxide, alkyldimethylbetaine; C8 - C18, alkyldipropionates - sodium lauriminodipropionate, cocoamidopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine, imidazolines, phospholipids phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin, lauryldimethylamine oxide, alkyl amphoacetates and propionates, alkyl amphodiacetates, and dipropionates, lecithin and ethanolamine fatty amides; or salts, and one or more of their derivatives.

[0064] Surfactants marketed under the trademarks Atlas G5000, TERMUL 5429, TERMUL 2510, ECOTERIC®, EULSOGEN® 118, Genapol® X, Genapol® OX - 080, Genapol® C100, Emulsogen® EL200, Arlacel P135, Hypermer 8261, Hypermer B239, Hypermer B261, Hypermer B246sf, Solutol HS15, Promulgen™ D, Soprophor 7961P, Soprophor TSP / 461, Soprophor TSP / 724, Croduret 40, Etocas 200, Etocas 29, Rokacet R26, Cetomacrogol 1000, CHEMONIC OE - 20, Triton N - 101, Triton X - 100, Tween 20, 40, 60, 65, 80, Span 20, 40, 60, 80, 83, 85, 120, Brij®, Atlox 4912, TERMUL 3512, TERMUL 3015, TERMUL 5429, TERMUL 2510, ECOTERIC® T85, ECOTERIC® T20, TERIC 12A4, IGEPAL CA - 630 and Isoceteth - 20, but not limited to one or more of these.

[0065] However, those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible to utilize other conventionally known surfactants (ionic or non-ionic surfactants) without departing from the scope of the present invention. Surfactants are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the solvent is selected from water-miscible solvents including, but not limited to, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, dimethylformamide, dimethoxyethane, dimethyloctanamide, glycerol, dimethyldecanamide. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible to utilize other water-miscible solvents without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the disintegrant used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of inorganic water-soluble salts such as sodium chloride, nitrates; water-soluble organic compounds such as agar, hydroxypropyl starch, carboxymethyl starch ether, tragacanth, gelatin, casein, microcrystalline cellulose, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, metal stearates, cellulose powder, dextrin, methacrylic acid copolymer, Polyplasdone® XL-10 (cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), sulfonated styrene-isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, salts of polyacrylates of methacrylic acid, starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer, sodium / potassium hydrogen carbonate or carbonate, or salts with acids such as citric acid and fumaric acid, or salts, derivatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different disintegrants can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The disintegrants are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the binder or binder used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of proteins, gums, maltodextrin, carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, complex organic substances, synthetic organic polymers, or derivatives, and combinations thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different binders can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The binders are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0069] According to one embodiment, the carrier used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a solid carrier, a filler, or a diluent. According to another embodiment, the carrier includes a mineral carrier, a plant carrier, a synthetic carrier, and a water-soluble carrier. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different carriers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The carriers are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0070] The solid carrier includes natural minerals such as clays like kaolin, acid clay, etc., kaolins such as kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, and halloysite, serpentines such as chrysotile, lizardite, antigorite, and amesite, synthetic and diatomaceous earth silica, montmorillonite minerals such as sodium montmorillonite, smectites such as saponite, hectorite, sauconite, and hydrargillite, pyrophyllite, talc, agalmatolite, mica such as muscovite, fengite, sericite, and illite, attapulgite and sepiolite, silica such as cristobalite and quartz; vermiculite, laponite, pumice, bauxite, aluminum hydrate, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, volcanic clay, vermiculite, limestone, natural and synthetic silicates, charcoal, silica, wet-process silica, dry-process silica, fired product of wet-process silica, surface-modified silica, mica, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, their derivatives; chalk (Omya (registered trademark)), fuller's earth, loess, mirabilite, white carbon, slaked lime, synthetic silicic acid, starch, processed starch (available from Pineflow, Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), cellulose, plant carriers such as cellulose, rice husk, wheat flour, wood flour, starch, rice bran, wheat bran, and soybean flour, tobacco powder, vegetable powder polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(vinylidene chloride), sodium caseinate, sucrose, mirabilite, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, or derivatives or mixtures thereof. Commercially available silicates are Aerosil brand, Sipemat brand as Sipernat (registered trademark) 50S, and CALFLO E, and kaolin 1777. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different solid carriers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The solid carriers are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the pigments and colorants are selected from synthetic chemical substances obtained from various manufacturers, but are not limited thereto. The pigments and colorants can be water-soluble or water-insoluble in the form of lakes. The dyes can be solvent dyes, acid dyes, or basic dyes. Examples of such products include, but are not limited to, Agrocer Red 112, Agrocer Blue 153, Agrocer Green 007, Agrocer Yellow 001, Agrocer violet 023, Unisperse black 0058, Unisperse Red 3855, Pigmosol Agro Red 3785.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the anti-foaming agent or defoaming agent used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of silica, siloxane, silicon dioxide, polydimethylsiloxane, alkyl polyacrylate, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer, polyethylene glycol, silicone oil, and magnesium stearate or derivatives thereof. Preferred anti-foaming agents include silicone emulsions (such as Silikon® SRE, Wacker, or Rhodorsil® from Rhodia), long-chain alcohols, fatty acids, and fluorinated organic compounds. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known anti-foaming agents can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The anti-foaming agent is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the pH adjuster or buffer or neutralizer used in the agricultural composition includes both organic or inorganic acids and bases, and mixtures thereof. According to a further embodiment, the pH adjuster or buffer or neutralizer includes, but is not limited to, one or more of organic acids, inorganic acids, and alkali metal compounds, or salts, derivatives thereof. According to one embodiment, the organic acids include citric acid, malic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid, or salts, derivatives thereof; and one or more of mono-, di-, or tribasic acid salts of these acids, or derivatives thereof, but are not limited thereto. The alkali metal compounds include hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, carbonates of alkali metals such as sodium carbonate, bicarbonates of alkali metals such as sodium bicarbonate, and alkali metal phosphates such as sodium phosphate and mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto. According to one embodiment, the salts of inorganic acids include, for example, one or more of alkali metal salts such as lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, monosodium hydrogen phosphate, monopotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium dihydrogen phosphate, but are not limited thereto. Mixtures can also be used to prepare the pH adjuster or buffer or neutralizer. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known pH adjusters or buffers or neutralizers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The pH adjuster or buffer or neutralizer is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the spreading agent used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of cellulose powder, dextrin, modified starch, cross-linked poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), a copolymer of maleic acid and a styrene compound, a (meth)acrylic acid copolymer, a half-ester of a polymer composed of a polyhydric alcohol and a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, a water-soluble salt of polystyrene sulfonic acid, a fatty acid, a latex, an aliphatic alcohol, a vegetable oil such as cottonseed oil, or an inorganic oil, a petroleum distillate, a modified trisiloxane, a polyglycol, a polyether, a clathrate. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known spreading agents can be used without departing from the scope of the present invention. The spreading agent is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the fixing agent used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of paraffin, a polyamide resin, a polyacrylate, polyoxyethylene, wax, a polyvinyl alkyl ether, an alkylphenol-formalin condensate, a fatty acid, a latex, an aliphatic alcohol, a vegetable oil such as cottonseed oil, or an inorganic oil, a petroleum distillate, a modified trisiloxane, a polyglycol, a polyether, a clathrate, a synthetic resin emulsion. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known fixing agents can be used without departing from the scope of the present invention. The fixing agent is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0076] According to one embodiment, the stabilizer used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of peroxide compounds such as hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides, alkyl nitrites such as ethyl nitrite, and alkyl glyoxylates such as ethyl glyoxylate, zeolites, phenolic compounds, phosphate compounds, EDTA, antioxidants such as sodium sulfite, citric acid, and citrate. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known stabilizers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The stabilizer is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0077] According to one embodiment, the preservative used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of bactericides, fungicides, biocides, antimicrobials, and antioxidants. Non-limiting examples of preservatives include parabens, their esters and salts, propionic acid and its salts, 2,4-hexadienoic acid (sorbic acid) and its salts, formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde, 2-hydroxybiphenyl ether and its salts, inorganic sulfites and bisulfites, sodium iodate, chlorobutanol, dehydroacetic acid, formic acid, 1,6-bis(4-amidino-2-bromophenoxy)-n-hexane and its salts, 5-amino-1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-5-methylhexahydropyrimidine, 5-bromo-5-nitro-1,3-dioxane, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea, 4-chloro-m-cresol, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether, 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 1,1'-methylene-bis(3-(1-hydroxymethyl-2,4-di-oxymidazolidin-5-yl)urea), poly(hexamethylenediguanidine) hydrochloride, 2-phenoxyethanol, hexamethylenetetramine, 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azonia-adamantane chloride, 1(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5,5-dimethyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione, benzyl alcohol, octopirox, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-bromo-4-chlorophenol), bromochlorophen, dichlorophen, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 2-chloroacetamide, chlorhexidine, chlorhexidine acetate, chlorhexidine gluconate, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, 1-phenoxypropan-2-ol, N-alkyl (C12 - C22) trimethylammonium bromide and chloride, 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine, N-hydroxymethyl-N-(1,3-di(hydroxymethyl)-2,(5-Dioxoimidazolidin-4-yl)-N'-hydroxymethylurea, 1,6-bis(4-amidinophenoxy)-n-hexane and its salts, glutaraldehyde, 5-ethyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo(3.3.0)octane, 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)propane-1,2-diol, hyamine, alkyl (C8-C18) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride, alkyl (C8-C18) dimethylbenzylammonium bromide, alkyl (C8-C18) dimethylbenzylammonium saccharinate, benzyl hemiformal, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, sodium hydroxymethylaminoacetate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, and derivatives of 2H-isothiazol-3-one (so-called isothiazolone derivatives) such as alkyl isothiazolone (e.g., 2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, MIT; chloro-2-methyl-2H-isothiazol-3-one, CIT), benzisothiazolone (e.g., 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, BIT, commercially available as Proxel® type from ICI) or 2-methyl-4,5-trimethylene-2H-isothiazol-3-one (MTIT), C1-C4-alkyl parahydroxybenzoate, dichlorophene, Proxel® from ICI, Acticide® RS from Thor Chemie, Kathon® MK from Rohm & Haas, Bacto-100, thimerosal, sodium propionate, sodium benzoate, propylparaben, sodium propylparaben, potassium sorbate, potassium benzoate, phenylmercury nitrate, phenylethyl alcohol, sodium, ethylparaben, methylparaben, butylparaben, beziaryl alcohol, benzethonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, 1,2-benzothiazol-3-one, Preventol® (Lanxess®), butylhydroxytoluene, potassium sorbate, 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl ethyl carbonate, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, 2,3,Iodine-containing organic compounds such as 3-triiodoallyl alcohol and parachlorophenyl-3-iodopropargyl formal; benzimidazole compounds and benzothiazole compounds such as 2-(4-thiazolyl)benzimidazole and 2-thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole; triazole compounds such as 1-(2-(2’,4’-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 1-(2-(2’,4’-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, and α-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol; and naturally occurring compounds such as 4-isopropyltropolone (hinokitiol) and borax, one or more of which are included. Antioxidants include imidazole and imidazole derivatives (e.g., urocanic acid), 4,4’-thiobis-6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), pentaerythrityl tetrakis[3-(3,5,-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)]propionate; amine antioxidants such as N,N’-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine; 2,Hydroquinone antioxidants such as 5-di(t-amyl)hydroquinoline; phosphorus-containing antioxidants such as triphenyl phosphate, carotenoids, carotenes (e.g., α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, lipoic acid and its derivatives (e.g., dihydrolipoic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil, and further thio compounds (e.g., thioglycerol, thiosorbitol, thioglycolic acid, thioredoxin, their N-acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl, lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl, and glyceryl esters), and their salts, dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid, and their derivatives (esters, ethers, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides, and salts), and sulfoximine compounds at very low dosages (e.g., pmol / kg~pmol / kg) (e.g., buthionine sulfoximine, homocysteine sulfoximine, buthionine sulfone, penta-, hexa-, heptathionine sulfoximine), α-hydroxy acids (e.g., citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, gallic acid esters (e.g., propyl, octyl, and dodecyl gallate), unsaturated fatty acids and derivatives, hydroquinone and its derivatives (e.g., arbutin), ubiquinone and ubiquinol, and their derivatives, ascorbyl palmitate, stearate, di-palmitate, acetate, Mg ascorbyl phosphate, diiso-disodium ascorbyl phosphate and sulfate, ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate potassium, isoascorbic acid, and their derivatives, coniferyl benzoate of benzoin resin, rutin, rutinic acid, and their derivatives, rutinyldisulfate disodium, dibutylhydroxytoluene, 4,4-thiobis-6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, p-octylphenol, mono-(di- or tri-)methylbenzylphenol, 2,6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, pentaerythritol-tetrakis 3-(3,One or more of, but not limited to, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, butylhydroxylanisole, nordihydroguaiacic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and its derivatives, mannose and its derivatives, selenium and selenium derivatives (e.g., selenomethionine), stilbene and stilbene derivatives (e.g., stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide). However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known preservatives can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. Preservatives are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.,

[0078] According to one embodiment, the structuring agent used in the agricultural composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a thickening agent, a viscosity modifier, a tackifier, a suspending aid, a rheology modifier, or an anti-settling agent. The structuring agent prevents the sedimentation of the active ingredient particles after long-term storage.

[0079] According to one embodiment, the structuring agents used in the aqueous suspension composition include one or more polymers such as polyacrylic, polyacrylamide, polysaccharides, hydrophobically modified cellulose derivatives, cellulose derivatives, carboxyvinyl, or copolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and derivatives; clays such as bentonite clay, kaolin, smectite, attapulgite, ataclay of high surface area silica, and natural gums such as guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, ramson gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan, welan gum, veegum, dextrin, gelatin, collagen; polyacrylic acid, and their sodium salts; polyglycol ethers of fatty alcohols and polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide condensates, and mixtures thereof, including but not limited to ethoxylated alkylphenols (also referred to in the art as alkylaryl polyether alcohols); ethoxylated aliphatic alcohols (or alkyl polyether alcohols); ethoxylated fatty acids (or polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters); ethoxylated anhydro sorbitol esters (or polyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters), long-chain amines and cyclic amine oxides that are nonionic in basic solutions; long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides; and long-chain dialkyl sulfoxides, fumed silica, mixtures of fumed silica and fumed aluminum oxide, swellable polymers, polyamides or their derivatives; polyols such as glycerin, poly(vinyl acetate), sodium polyacrylate, poly(ethylene glycol), phospholipids (such as cephalin, etc.); stachyose, fructooligosaccharides, amylose, pectin, alginate, hydrocolloids, and mixtures thereof.Also, celluloses such as hemicellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxy-methyl ethyl cellulose, hydroxyl ethyl propyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose; starches such as acetic starch, starch hydroxyethyl ether, ionic starch, long-chain alkyl starch, dextrin, maltodextrin, corn starch, amine starch, phosphate starch, and dialdehyde starch; plant starches such as corn starch and potato starch; other carbohydrates such as pectin, dextrin, amylopectin, xylan, glycogen, agar, gluten, alginic acid, phycocolloid, or derivatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known structuring agents can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0080] Preferred structuring agents include one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum, aluminum silicate, methyl cellulose and its derivatives, polysaccharides, alkaline earth metal silicates, and polyvinyl alcohol. Structuring agents are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0081] According to one embodiment, the anti-caking agent or anti-settling agent or suspending agent used includes, but is not limited to, one or more of starches such as starch, mannose, galactose and other polysaccharides, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose and other cellulose derivatives; gums such as agar, carrageenan, alginate, arabia, tragacanth, karaya, ghatti, guar, dextran, starch including pregelatinized starch and modified starch, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), fumed silica (white carbon), ester gum, petroleum resin, Foammaster® Soap L sodium stearate, Brij® 700 polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether, Aerosol® OT-B sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, Silwet® L-77 silicone-polyether copolymer, sodium acetate, sodium metasilicate, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinate, salts or derivatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different anti-caking agents can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The anti-caking agent or anti-settling agent or suspending agent or suspending aid is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies.

[0082] According to one embodiment, the antifreeze or cryoprotectant used in the aqueous suspension composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyrolactone, N,N-dimethyl-formamide, and glycerol, monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, glycol ethers, glycol ethers, glycol monoethers such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol, glycol diethers such as methyl and ethyl diethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol, or urea, glycerol, isopropanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, di- or tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, or cyclohexanol, glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, xylose, arabinose, sorbitol, mannitol, trehalose, raffinose, or derivatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different antifreezes can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The antifreeze is manufactured for commercial use and is available from various companies. According to one embodiment, the antifreeze is present in an amount from 0.1% to 20% w / w of the total composition.

[0083] According to one embodiment, the penetration enhancer used in the composition includes, but is not limited to, one or more of alcohol, glycol, glycol ether, ester, amine, alkanolamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium compound, triglyceride, fatty acid ester, fatty acid ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or dimethyl sulfoxide, polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane monooleate, polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane dioleate, polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane trioleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different penetration enhancers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0084] According to one embodiment, the ultraviolet absorber is selected from, but not limited to, one or more of benzotriazole compounds such as 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxalate bisanilide, succinic acid dimethyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-n-octoxyphenyl)benzotriazole; benzophenone compounds such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone; salicylic acid compounds such as phenyl salicylate and p-t-butylphenyl salicylate; 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl oxalate bisanilide, and dimethyl succinate-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate or derivatives thereof. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different ultraviolet absorbers can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. Such ultraviolet absorbers are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0085] According to one embodiment, a UV scattering agent containing, but not limited to, titanium dioxide may be used. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that different UV scattering agents or mixtures thereof can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. Such UV scattering agents are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0086] According to one embodiment, the humectant is selected from, but not limited to, one or more of polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene copolymers, particularly block copolymers, or salts, derivatives thereof, such as the Synperonic PE series of copolymers available from Uniqema. Other humectants include propylene glycol, monoethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, butylene glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, poly(ethylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol), and glycerol; polyhydric alcohols or their derivatives. Also, other humectants include aloe vera gel, alpha-hydroxy acids such as lactic acid and their salts, albumin, glyceryl triacetate, honey, calcium chloride, etc. The nonionic surfactants mentioned above also act as humectants. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other conventionally known humectants can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. Humectants are manufactured for commercial use and are available from various companies.

[0087] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition contains at least one additional active ingredient selected from one or more of a pesticidal active ingredient, fertilizer, micronutrient, macronutrient, biostimulant, organic acid, plant growth regulator, algae, or mixtures thereof.

[0088] According to a further embodiment, the pest-killing active substance is one or more of an insecticide, a fungicide, a herbicide, an acaricide, a mite repellent, a nematicide, a pheromone agent, an algicide, a feeding inhibitor, a bird killer, a bactericide, a bird repellent, a biopesticide, an insect repellent, an ovicide, a rodenticide, etc. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that other active ingredients can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0089] Surprisingly, the pesticidal composition of the present invention has enhanced and improved physical properties of dispersibility, suspensibility, wettability, viscosity, and pourability, making it easier to handle, and it has been found that the reduction of materials is reduced during the handling of the product during packaging and during field application.

[0090] Wettability is a wettable condition or state, defined as the degree to which a solid is wetted by a liquid and measured by the adhesion force between the solid phase and the liquid phase. The wettability of a granular composition is measured using standard CIPAC test MT-53, which describes the procedure for determining the time for complete wetting of a formulation that is easy to wet. A weighed amount of the granular composition is dropped into water in a beaker from a specific height, and the time for complete wetting is determined. According to another embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or spheroidized granules has a wettability of less than 2 minutes. According to another embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a wettability of less than 1 minute. According to another embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a wettability of less than 30 seconds. According to another embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a wettability of less than 15 seconds.

[0091] The spheroidized granular composition is formulated in such a way that the granules are imparted with sufficient hardness to prevent disintegration during storage and transportation. The hardness exhibited by the granules is estimated by a hardness meter such as those provided by Shimadzu Corporation, Brinell Hardness (AKB-3000 model), Mecmesin, Agilent, Vinsyst, Ametek, and Rockwell. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 100 Newtons. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 90 Newtons. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 80 Newtons. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 70 Newtons. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 60 Newtons. According to one embodiment, the hardness exhibited by the granules is less than 50 Newtons.

[0092] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or a liquid suspension passes the wet sieve residue test. The test is used to determine the amount of non-dispersible material in the formulation applied as a water dispersion. The wet sieve residue values of the pesticidal composition in the form of liquid suspensions and granules are measured by using Standard CIPAC Test MT-185, which describes the procedure for measuring the amount of material retained on the sieve. A sample of the formulation is dispersed in water, and the resulting suspension is transferred to a sieve and washed. The amount of material retained on the sieve is determined by drying and weighing.

[0093] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or a liquid suspension has a wet sieve residue value of less than 0.5% on a 75-micron sieve. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a wet sieve residue value of less than 0.2% on a 75-micron sieve. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a wet sieve residue value of less than 0.1% on a 75-micron sieve. A wet sieve residue value of less than 0.5% indicates that the pesticidal composition aids in the easy application of the formulation, preventing clogging of nozzles or filtration devices.

[0094] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid suspension does not precipitate or settle during storage and can be easily poured. This property is measured with respect to the fluid viscosity, which is a measure of its resistance to progressive deformation by shear stress or tensile stress.

[0095] According to one embodiment, the viscosity of the liquid composition is determined according to CIPAC MT-192. The sample is transferred to a standard measurement system. Measurements are taken under different shear conditions and the apparent viscosity is determined. During the test, the temperature of the liquid is kept constant.

[0096] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 3000 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 2500 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 2000 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 1500 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 1200 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 500 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of less than about 500 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 400 cps. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a viscosity at 25 °C of from about 10 cps to about 300 cps.

[0097] According to one embodiment, the liquid suspension composition of the present invention can be easily poured. Pourability is a measure of the percentage of residue.

[0098] According to one embodiment, the pourability of the pesticidal composition is determined according to CIPAC MT-148.1 by leaving the liquid suspension for 24 hours and determining the amount remaining in the container after a standardized pouring procedure. The container is rinsed and then the amount remaining is determined and the maximum residue is calculated as a percentage. According to a further embodiment, the pourability of the pesticidal composition is a residue of less than 5%. According to a further embodiment, the pourability of the pesticidal composition is preferably a residue of less than 2.5%. According to a further embodiment, the pourability of the pesticidal composition is more preferably a residue of less than 2.0%.

[0099] The dispersibility of the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or spheronized granules is a measure of percent dispersion. Dispersibility is calculated by the minimum percent dispersion. Dispersibility is defined as the ability of the granules to disperse when added to a liquid such as water or a solvent. The dispersibility of the granular composition of the present application was determined according to the standard CIPAC test, MT174. A known amount of the granular composition was added to a defined volume of water and mixed by stirring to form a suspension. After standing for a short time, nine-tenths of the upper part was removed, and the remaining one-tenth was dried and determined gravimetrically. The method is in effect a shortened suspension test and is suitable for establishing the ease with which the granular composition is uniformly dispersed in water.

[0100] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 30%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 40%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 50%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 60%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 70%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 80%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 90%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a dispersibility of at least 99%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has 100% dispersibility.

[0101] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules exhibits almost immediate dispersion.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of spheroidized granules makes the active ingredient available immediately and over a longer period, which can be over the entire crop cycle, ultimately enhancing and protecting the crop at all stages of the crop cycle, providing an immediate and sustained release of the active ingredient.

[0103] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules or liquid suspension shows good suspensibility. Suspensibility is defined as the amount of active ingredient suspended after a given time in a column of liquid of a specified height, expressed as a percentage of the amount of active ingredient in the original suspension. According to the CIPAC Handbook "MT 184 Test for Suspensibility", a suspension of a known concentration of the composition in CIPAC standard water is prepared, placed in a defined measuring cylinder at a constant temperature, and left undisturbed for the specified time, whereupon the water-dispersible granules are tested for suspensibility. The upper 9 / 10 is removed, and then the remaining 1 / 10 is analyzed and evaluated chemically, gravimetrically, or by solvent extraction, and the suspensibility is calculated.

[0104] The suspensibility of a liquid suspension is the amount of active ingredient suspended after a given time in a column of liquid of a specified height, expressed as a percentage of the amount of active ingredient in the original suspension. The suspensibility of a liquid suspension concentrate is determined according to CIPAC MT-161 by preparing 250 ml of a diluted suspension, placing it in a measuring cylinder under defined conditions, and removing the upper nine-tenths. The remaining one-tenth is then analyzed and evaluated chemically, gravimetrically, or by solvent extraction, and the suspensibility is calculated.

[0105] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 30%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 40%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 50%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 60%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 70%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 80%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 90%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of at least 99%. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition has a suspension property of 100%.

[0106] According to one embodiment, a pesticidal composition in the form of a water-dispersible granule or spheroidized granule, or a liquid suspension, demonstrates excellent stability with respect to suspension property under accelerated storage conditions (ATS). According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 90% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 80% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 70% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 60% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 50% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 40% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a suspension property higher than 30% under ATS.

[0107] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 90% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 80% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 70% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 60% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 50% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 40% under ATS. According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates a dispersibility higher than 30% under ATS.

[0108] According to one embodiment, the pesticidal composition demonstrates excellent stability against heat, light, temperature, and caking. The composition does not form a hard cake and exhibits enhanced stability even in long-term storage at higher temperatures, which in turn results in excellent performance in the field. According to a further embodiment, the stability exhibited by the pesticidal composition is at least 3 years. According to a further embodiment, the stability exhibited by the pesticidal composition is at least 2 years. According to a further embodiment, the stability exhibited by the pesticidal composition is at least 1 year. According to a further embodiment, the stability exhibited by the pesticidal composition is at least 6 months.

[0109] According to one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for preparing the pesticidal composition of the present invention, the pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient, wherein the composition has particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0110] According to a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of a water-dispersible granule, a spheronized granule, a liquid suspension, a wettable powder, a suspoemulsion, a water-dispersible powder (WS) for seed coating, and a suspension concentrate (FS) for seed coating.

[0111] According to a further embodiment, a pesticidal composition in the form of a water-dispersible granule or a spheronized granule is produced by various techniques such as spray drying, fluid bed granulation, disc pelletization, pan granulation, a pin agglomerator, a spheronizer, freeze drying, or combinations thereof. Granules can also be extruded by an extruder to obtain extruded granules.

[0112] The present invention also relates to a process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of a water-dispersible granule, comprising: a) grinding a blend of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole together with at least one pesticidal excipient to obtain a slurry or a wet mix having particles in a size range of 0.1 to 50 microns; and b) drying the wet mix and sieving the dried mixture to remove small-sized and large-sized granules to obtain water-dispersible granules, wherein the granules of the composition consist of granules in a size range of 0.05 mm to 3 mm.

[0113] The present invention also relates to a process for preparing a granular pesticidal composition, a) grinding a blend of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole together with at least one pesticidal excipient to obtain a slurry or a wet mix having particles in a size range of 0.1 to 50 microns; b) drying the wet mix to obtain a dried mixture; c) Add water to the dried mixture, blend to obtain a dough or paste, and then extrude it through an extruder to obtain extruded granules in the size range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm, or agglomerating the wet or dried mixture obtained in step (b) in an agglomerator to obtain a spheronized particulate composition in the size range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm, and relates to a process comprising

[0114] The resulting wet mixture is dried in, for example, a spray dryer, a fluidized bed dryer, or any suitable granulator, followed by sieving to remove small and large-sized granules to obtain granules.

[0115] The present invention relates to a process for preparing a wettable powder (WP) or "wettable powder for seed coating (WS)" composition, which comprises mixing an effective amount of fluxapyroxad with the required diluents and inert ingredients to obtain a first mixture. The process comprises mixing an effective amount of prothioconazole with the required diluents and inert ingredients to obtain a second mixture. Then, elemental sulfur is mixed with a surfactant to obtain a third mixture. Then, the three mixtures are mixed for 30 minutes using a suitable mass mixer and passed through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder composition having a desired particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns. Alternatively, the wettable powder composition is prepared by mixing an effective amount of fluxapyroxad, prothioconazole, elemental sulfur with the required diluents and inert ingredients using a suitable mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passing it through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder composition having a desired particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0116] The present invention relates to a process for preparing a liquid suspension or a "flowable concentrate for seed treatment (FS)" composition, comprising homogenizing a mixture of elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient to obtain a suspension, and wet grinding the resulting suspension to provide a composition having a particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0117] The process for preparing the liquid suspension involves homogenizing one or more of the excipients by feeding them into a vessel having an agitation facility. Elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole are added to the homogenized blend, and the mixture is continuously agitated for about 5 to 10 minutes until the whole mixture becomes homogeneous. Subsequently, the resulting suspension is passed through a wet mill to obtain a desired particle size in the range of 0.1 to 50 microns. Then, under continuous homogenization, the necessary amount of structuring agent is added to the resulting suspension. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible to modify or alter or change the process or process parameters without departing from the scope of the present invention to obtain a liquid suspension composition.

[0118] The present invention relates to a process for preparing a suspoemulsion pesticidal composition, comprising dissolving a wetting agent and a dispersing agent in water to obtain a mixture, subsequently adding a humectant, an antifoaming agent (if necessary), elemental sulfur, and fluxapyroxad to obtain a homogenized suspension, and further grinding this to obtain a desired particle size (first sub - portion). Prothioconazole is dissolved in an oil or a solvent, and subsequently, a surfactant is added, and a concentrated emulsion is prepared together with the required agrochemical excipients to obtain a second sub - portion. Then, the two resulting sub - portions are mixed using a homogenizer for 30 minutes to obtain a suspoemulsion composition having a desired particle size of 0.1 to 50 microns.

[0119] According to one embodiment, the composition of the present invention is at least one of a pesticidal composition, a crop protection composition, a crop enhancement composition, and a yield enhancer composition.

[0120] According to one embodiment, the present invention also relates to a method of controlling fungal diseases, protecting crops, or improving plant health and yield by treating plants, crops, plant propagation materials, parts or portions thereof, seeds, seedlings, or the surrounding soil with a pesticidal composition comprising elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition, fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition, prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition, and at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. The composition may be sprayed directly on plants, for example on their leaves, or applied to plant propagation materials or parts thereof before sowing or planting.

[0121] The composition is applied in various ways. The method of application to the soil includes any suitable method that ensures the composition penetrates the soil, such as nursery tray application, in-row application, soil irrigation, soil injection, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, seed treatment, seed coating, and other such methods. The composition is also applied in the form of foliar spraying.

[0122] The pace or dosage of application of the composition depends on the type of use, the type of crop, or the specific active ingredient in the composition, but the pesticidal active ingredient is such that it is in an effective amount to provide desired effects such as crop protection, crop yield, etc.

[0123] It has been observed that the composition of the present invention provides good control against fungal pests as compared to the application of individual actives. Furthermore, such compositions help improve crop yield and enhance physiological characteristics of the crop. In this way, it has been observed that the composition of the present invention demonstrates enhanced, effective, and excellent behavior in the field at reduced dosages.

[0124] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and variations can be made without departing from the exact spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the present invention. It should be understood that the limitations relating to the specific embodiments illustrated are not intended or to be inferred.

Example

[0125] A. Preparation Example The following examples illustrate the basic methodology and versatility of the compositions of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these illustrations and is extrapolated to the concentration ranges of the components claimed in their entirety.

[0126] <Example 1: Wettable powder formulation of 90% elemental sulfur, 3% fluxapyroxad, and 1% prothioconazole> A wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 1 part of prothioconazole, 3 parts of fluxapyroxad, 90 parts of sulfur, 1.5 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate, and 4 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, and 0.5 part of clay in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passing it through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder composition having a desired particle size.

[0127] The composition had an average particle size of about 10 microns. The composition had a suspension of 76% and a wettability of less than 20 seconds. The composition further demonstrated a suspension of about 71% and a wettability of about 22 seconds under accelerated storage conditions.

[0128] <Example 2: Wettable powder formulation of 30% elemental sulfur, 25% fluxapyroxad, and 20% prothioconazole> A wettable powder formulation was prepared by mixing 20 parts of prothioconazole, 25 parts of fluxapyroxad, 30 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of Geropon® T77, 3 parts of Geropon® SC213, 3 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, and then blending 17 parts of clay in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passing it through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder composition having a desired particle size.

[0129] The composition had an average particle size of about 6.7 microns. The composition had a sag resistance of 82% and a wettability of less than 11 seconds. The composition further demonstrated a sag resistance of about 78% and a wettability of about 15 seconds under accelerated storage conditions.

[0130] <Example 3: Wettable powder formulation of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole> 5.1 parts of prothioconazole, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, 40 parts of sulfur, 2 parts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonate condensate, 3 parts of Morwet® D450, 3 parts of Tamol® DN, and 41.6 parts of soapstone were mixed in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder composition having a desired particle size, thereby preparing a wettable powder formulation.

[0131] The composition had an average particle size of about 12.6 microns. The composition had a sag resistance of 69% and a wettability of less than 6 seconds. The composition further demonstrated a sag resistance of about 67% and a wettability of about 7 seconds under accelerated storage conditions.

[0132] <Example 4: Water-dispersible granules of 80% elemental sulfur, 1.5% fluxapyroxad, and 1% prothioconazole> Water-dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker, and surfactants containing 5 parts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonate condensate, 8 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, and 4.5 parts of clay were added to the beaker in sequence and stirred until the surfactants were completely dissolved. Further, 80 parts of sulfur were added and stirred to be well dispersed. Then, 1.5 parts of fluxapyroxad and 1 part of prothioconazole were added in sequence and mixed using a homogenizer for 15 minutes to obtain a slurry. Next, the slurry was passed through a wet mill to obtain a desired particle size range. Then, the pulverized slurry was spray-dried using a suitable spray dryer. The composition had an average particle size of about 7.2 microns and a particle size of 0.1 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0133] The composition disperses almost instantaneously and has a dispersibility of 94%, a suspensibility of 88%, a wettability of less than 11 seconds, and a wet sieve residue value of 0.09%. The composition further demonstrated a dispersibility of 92%, a wettability of less than 9 seconds, and a suspensibility of approximately 85% under accelerated storage conditions. The composition shows no hardness.

[0134] <Example 5: Water-dispersible granules of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole> Water-dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker, and surfactants containing 5 parts of potassium polycarboxylate, 5 parts of reax88A, 10 parts of lactose, and 29.6 parts of clay were added to the beaker in sequence and stirred until the surfactant was completely dissolved. Further, 40 parts of sulfur was added and stirred to disperse well. Then, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad and 5.1 parts of prothioconazole were added in sequence and mixed using a homogenizer for 15 minutes to obtain a slurry. Next, the slurry was passed through a wet mill to obtain the desired particle size range. Then, the ground slurry was spray-dried using a suitable spray dryer. The composition had an average particle size of about 5.3 microns and a particle size of 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm.

[0135] The composition disperses almost instantaneously and has a dispersibility of 98%, a suspensibility of 96%, a wettability of less than 7 seconds, and a wet sieve residue value of 0.08%. The composition further demonstrated a dispersibility of 95%, a wettability of less than 9 seconds, and a suspensibility of approximately 95% under accelerated storage conditions. The composition shows no hardness.

[0136] <Example 6: Water-dispersible granules of 30% elemental sulfur, 2% fluxapyroxad, and 20% prothioconazole> Water dispersible granules were prepared by taking water in a beaker, and surfactants containing 2 parts of supragil WP, 5 parts of Stepserse DF 500, 12 parts of sodium citrate, and 29 parts of clay were successively added to the beaker and stirred until the surfactant was completely dissolved. Further, 30 parts of sulfur was added and stirred to be well dispersed. Then, 2 parts of fluxapyroxad and 20 parts of prothioconazole were successively added and mixed for 15 minutes using a homogenizer to obtain a slurry. Next, the slurry was passed through a wet mill to obtain a desired particle size range. Then, the pulverized slurry was spray-dried using a suitable spray dryer. The composition had an average particle size of about 6 microns and a particle size of 0.1 mm to 2.5 mm.

[0137] The composition dispersed almost immediately and had 99% dispersibility, 99% suspension, wettability of less than 7 seconds, and a wet sieve residue value of 0.08%. The composition further demonstrated 99% dispersibility, wettability of less than 8 seconds, and about 97% suspension under accelerated storage conditions. The composition showed no hardness.

[0138] <Example 7: Wettable powder (WS) formulation for slurry seed treatment of 85% elemental sulfur, 3% fluxapyroxad, and 3% prothioconazole> 3 parts of prothioconazole, 3 parts of fluxapyroxad, 85 parts of sulfur, 4 parts of naphthalenesulfonate, 2 parts of sticker, 1 part of Morwet EFW, and 2 parts of violet pigment were mixed in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an air jet mill to obtain a water dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment having a desired particle size, thereby preparing a WS formulation.

[0139] The composition had an average particle size of about 6.5 microns. The composition had 82.89% suspension and wettability of less than 20 seconds. The composition further demonstrated about 81.42% suspension and about 26 seconds of wettability under accelerated storage conditions.

[0140] <Example 8: Dustable powder formulation of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5% prothioconazole> 5.1 parts of prothioconazole, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 40 parts of sulfur were mixed in a mass mixer, and then talc (q.s) was added and mixed to obtain a uniform blend, thereby preparing a dustable powder formulation. Subsequently, the obtained blend was passed through a jet mill to obtain a dustable powder composition having a desired particle size.

[0141] The composition had a dry sieving residue value of less than 0.5% and less than 0.52% under accelerated storage conditions through a 75-micron sieve.

[0142] <Example 9: Granules (GR) of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole> 5.1 parts of prothioconazole, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, 40 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, 1.5 parts of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and 4.3 parts of sodium sulfate were mixed in a mass mixer for 30 minutes, and then passed through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder, thereby preparing a GR formulation. The obtained powder was wetted with water, kaolin (sufficient amount) was added to obtain a wet mass, and then this was passed through an extruder to obtain a wet extrudate. Subsequently, a spherical granulator was used to spheroidize the extrudate to obtain spherical granules. The granules were dried in a fluidized bed dryer to obtain granules of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole.

[0143] The composition had an average particle size of about 23.2 microns and a granule size of 5 - 6 mm. The composition had a disintegration time of 25 minutes. The composition further demonstrated an average particle size of about 24 microns and a disintegration time of 31 minutes under accelerated storage conditions.

[0144] <Example 10: Granules (GR) of 30% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole> 5.1 parts of prothioconazole, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, 30 parts of sulfur, 3 parts of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, 1.5 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 4.3 parts of sodium sulfate were mixed in a mass mixer for 30 minutes and then passed through an air jet mill to obtain a wettable powder, thereby preparing a GR formulation. The obtained powder was wetted with water, kaolin (sufficient amount) was added to obtain a wet mass, and then this was passed through an extruder to obtain a wet extrudate. Subsequently, a spherical granulator was used to spheronize the extrudate to obtain spherical granules. The granules were dried in a fluidized bed dryer to obtain granules of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole.

[0145] The composition had an average particle size of about 23 microns and a granule size of 5 - 6 mm. The composition had a disintegration time of less than 5 minutes. The composition further demonstrated an average particle size of about 24 microns and a disintegration time of 5 minutes under accelerated storage conditions.

[0146] <Example 11: Water - Disintegrating Tablets of 40% Elemental Sulfur, 5.3% Fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% Prothioconazole> A water - disintegrating tablet formulation was prepared by mixing 5.1 parts of prothioconazole, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 40 parts of sulfur in a mass mixer for 3 minutes. Subsequently, the mixture was pulverized (jet mill), and the particles in the mixture had a size of less than 50 microns. The pulverized mixture was mixed with mannitol (q.s) (direct compression grade), followed by mixing with 2 parts of sodium naphthalene sulfonate condensate, 3 parts of naphthalene sulfonate, 5 parts of croscarmellose sodium, 0.1 part of colloidal silicon dioxide, and 3 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Further, 0.5 part of magnesium stearate was added and mixed for 5 minutes to obtain a blend. The obtained blend was compressed into tablets.

[0147] The composition had a wet sieve residue value of less than 0.2% through a 75 - micron sieve. The composition had a sag value of 75% and long - lasting foam of 10 ml. Further, the composition had a wet sieve residue value of less than 0.23% through a 75 - micron sieve, a sag value of 68%, and long - lasting foam of 11 ml under accelerated storage conditions.

[0148] <Example 12: Suspension concentrate composition of 55% elemental sulfur, 1.5% fluxapyroxad, and 1% prothioconazole> Water (sufficient amount) was taken in a beaker, and a suspension concentrate composition was prepared by adding 5 parts of glycerol, 3 parts of silicone alcohol ethoxylate, 3 parts of powerblox SN, 0.1 part of benzisothiazolinone, and 0.2 part of antifoaming agent. The components were well - mixed to obtain a mixture, and 55 parts of elemental sulfur, 1.5 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 1 part of prothioconazole were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and pulverized to obtain the desired particle size. Then, 0.12 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0149] The resulting formulation had an average particle size of 3.3 microns and a sag value of 96%. The composition had a viscosity of about 520 cps. The composition had a sag value of about 95% and a viscosity of about 340 cps under accelerated storage conditions.

[0150] <Example 13: Suspension concentrate composition of 40% elemental sulfur, 5.3% fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% prothioconazole> Water (sufficient amount) was taken in a beaker, and a suspension concentrate composition was prepared by adding 3 parts of calcium chloride, 3.5 parts of Soprophor FL, 2.5 parts of Morwet D425, 0.3 part of potassium sorbate, and 0.11 part of antifoaming agent. The components were well - mixed to obtain a mixture, and 40 parts of elemental sulfur, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 5.1 parts of prothioconazole were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and pulverized to obtain the desired particle size. Then, 0.14 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0151] The resulting formulation had an average particle size of 4.1 microns and a sedimentation of 94%. The composition had a viscosity of approximately 610 cps. The composition had a sedimentation of approximately 91% and a viscosity of approximately 585 cps under accelerated storage conditions.

[0152] <Example 14: Suspension concentrate composition of 30% elemental sulfur, 5% fluxapyroxad, and 20% prothioconazole> Water (sufficient amount) was taken in a beaker, and a suspension concentrate composition was prepared by adding 2 parts of sodium lactate, 3 parts of Soprophor 3D33, 3 parts of Tersperse 2020, 0.75 part of precipitated silica, and 0.17 part of antifoaming agent. The components were well mixed to obtain a mixture, and 30 parts of elemental sulfur, 5 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 20 parts of prothioconazole were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred well and pulverized to obtain the desired particle size. Then, 0.1 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0153] The resulting formulation had an average particle size of 4.8 microns and a sedimentation of 98%. The composition had a viscosity of approximately 550 cps. The composition had a sedimentation of approximately 96% and a viscosity of approximately 560 cps under accelerated storage conditions.

[0154] <Example 15: Suspoemulsion composition of 30% elemental sulfur, 5% fluxapyroxad, and 3.5% prothioconazole> To water in a beaker of sufficient quantity, 5 parts of glycerol, 1 part of polyacrylate surfactant, 3.8 parts of polysorbate 20, 0.1 part of benzisothiazolinone, and 0.16 part of antifoaming agent were added to obtain a mixture. Then, 30 parts of sulfur and 5 parts of fluxapyroxad were added to the mixture, and the resulting suspension was uniformly mixed using a homogenizer. Then, the slurry was passed through a wet mill to obtain the desired particle size range. In another beaker, 3.2 parts of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate was mixed together with 20 parts of xylene, then 3.5 parts of prothioconazole was added and stirred until it dissolved. This solution was added to the ground sulfur suspension and homogenized. Further, 0.12 part of xanthan gum was added to obtain the desired viscosity.

[0155] The composition has an average particle size of about 3.2 microns, an injectability of about 2.7%, and complete initial and 24-hour dispersion stability. Further, the composition has an average particle size of about 3.4 microns, an injectability of about 3.5%, and complete initial and 24-hour dispersion stability under accelerated storage conditions.

[0156] <Example 16: Suspension Concentrate (FS) Composition for Seed Treatment of 40% Elemental Sulfur, 5.3% Fluxapyroxad, and 5.1% Prothioconazole> Water (sufficient quantity) was taken in a beaker, and an FS composition was prepared by adding 6 parts of humectant B70, 3.5 parts of Soprophor FL, 2.5 parts of Morwet D425, 0.3 part of potassium sorbate, 2.5 parts of agrocer red112, and 0.18 part of antifoaming agent. The components were well mixed to obtain a mixture, and 40 parts of elemental sulfur, 5.3 parts of fluxapyroxad, and 5.1 parts of prothioconazole were added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was well stirred and ground to obtain the desired particle size. Then, 0.14 part of xanthan gum was added under continuous homogenization to obtain the FS composition.

[0157] The resulting formulation had an average particle size of 8.4 microns and a sedimentation of 91.4%. The composition had a viscosity of approximately 564 cps. The composition had a sedimentation of approximately 88.9%, an average particle size of 8.7 microns, and a viscosity of approximately 593 cps under accelerated storage conditions.

[0158] A. Field investigation <Field trial 1: Investigate the effects of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole against powdery mildew in cucumber> Field trials were conducted to investigate the effects of compositions of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole against powdery mildew in cucumber. Trials with 13 treatments including an untreated control were conducted according to a randomized block design (RBD) and replicated 4 times. Test product samples, sulfur, prothioconazole, and fluxapyroxad were applied at specified dosages by foliar application, alone and in combination. Cucumbers in the trial fields were cultivated using the following good agricultural practices.

[0159] [Details of the experiment] [Table 1]

[0160] Observations of crop damage caused by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) were recorded on November 8, 2021, at 10 days after the second application (10 DAA2SP) at 10-day intervals after planting cucumber plants from various locations, and the percentage of control was calculated using the following formula Control (%) = [(Damage in the control plot - Damage in the treated plot) / Damage in the control plot] × 100 was used.

[0161] Average data on control against fungi were recorded at harvest together with the cucumber yield and presented in Tables 1 - 3.

[0162] The "synergistic effect" is as defined by Colby S. R. in the paper titled "Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations" published in Weeds, 1967, 15, pages 20 - 22. For a given combination of two active ingredients, the expected effect is calculated as follows E = X + Y - (XY / 100) as follows [wherein, E = the % effect by a mixture of two products X and Y at a specified dose expected. X = the % effect observed by product A Y = the % effect observed by product B].

[0163] For a given combination of three active ingredients, the expected effect is calculated as follows E = (X + Y + Z) - (XY + YZ + XZ / 100) + (XYZ / 10000) as follows [wherein, E = the % effect by a mixture of three products X, Y, and Z at a specified dose expected. X = the % effect observed by product A Y = the % effect observed by product B Z = the % effect observed by product C].

[0164] The synergistic effect factor (SF) is calculated by Abbott's formula (Eq. (2) (Abbott, 1925)). SF = observed effect / expected effect Here, for a synergistic reaction, SF > 1; for an antagonistic reaction, SF < 1; for an additive reaction, SF = 1.

[0165] When the percentage (E) of the yield effect observed for a combination is greater than the expected percentage, a synergistic effect of the combination is inferred. When the percentage of the yield effect observed for a combination is equal to the expected percentage, merely an additive effect may be inferred, and when the percentage of the yield effect observed for a combination is less than the expected percentage, an antagonistic effect of the combination is inferred.

[0166]

Table 2

[0167] From Table 1, compared to the individual treatments of sulfur (T2, T6, T10), fluxapyroxad (T3, T7, and T11), and prothioconazole (T4, T8, and T12), treatment 1 (T1) using 40% sulfur + 5.3% fluxapyroxad + 5.1% prothioconazole WG @ 3750 g / ha according to an embodiment of the present invention, treatment 5 (T5) using 50% sulfur + 15% fluxapyroxad + 14.5% prothioconazole WG @ 1325 g / ha according to an embodiment of the present invention; and treatment 9 (T9) using 90% sulfur + 2.43% fluxapyroxad + 2.34% prothioconazole WG @ 8200 g / ha according to an embodiment of the present invention were found to be very effective in controlling powdery mildew in cucumbers after application. Treatments T1, T5, and T9 showed 92%, 94%, and 95% disease reduction, respectively, compared to the untreated control, and were found to show better reduction of fungal diseases compared to the individual treatments using sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole. The surprising synergistic results of treatments T1, T5, and T9 are attributed to the composition of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which all three active substances are present at specific concentrations in a single composition. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, namely, the water-dispersible composition shown in this investigation, which contains particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0168] Furthermore, due to the significant control of fungi and the presence of sulfur in the composition, the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention not only aids in the control of fungi but also further provides nutrition to plants, and thus shows a significant improvement in yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, and improved leaves compared to the yields observed when sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole are applied individually.

[0169]

Table 3

[0170] From Table 2, it can be seen that the application of treatments T1, T5, T9, and T13 using combinations of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole in various formulation types prepared according to embodiments of the present invention was very effective in controlling powdery mildew in cucumbers after application, compared to the individual treatments of sulfur (T2, T6, T10, T14), fluxapyroxad (T3, T7, T11, T15), and prothioconazole (T4, T8, T12, T16). The surprising synergistic results of treatments T1, T5, T9, and T13 are attributed to the composition of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole according to embodiments of the present invention, in which all three active substances are present at specific concentrations in a single composition. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, namely WP, SC, GR, SE shown in this investigation, which contains particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0171] Furthermore, due to the significant control of the number of fungal individuals and the presence of sulfur in the composition, the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention not only aids in the control of fungi but also further provides nutrition to plants, and thus shows a significant improvement in yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, and improved leaves compared to the yields observed when sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole are applied individually.

[0172]

Table 4

[0173] From Table 3, compared with the treatments of combinations between two species (T2, T3, and T4), as well as the individual treatments of sulfur (T5), fluxapyroxad (T6), and prothioconazole (T7), the application of treatment T1 using a combination of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention was found to be very effective in controlling powdery mildew in cucumbers after application, demonstrating an increase in cucumber yield. The surprising synergistic effect results of treatment T1 are attributed to the composition of sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which all three active substances are present at specific concentrations in a single composition. The enhanced efficacy is further attributed to the form of the composition, a water-dispersible granule shown in this investigation, containing particles in the size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns.

[0174] Furthermore, due to the significant control of the number of fungi and the presence of sulfur in the composition, the composition according to an embodiment of the present invention not only aids in the control of fungi but also further provides nutrients to the plants. Therefore, compared with the yields observed when sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole are applied individually, there is a significant improvement in yield as well as other crop characteristics such as plant height, root length, and improved leaves.

[0175] <Field trial data 2: Investigating the effect of a composition containing elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole with a specific particle size for controlling anthracnose in Chile> Field trials were conducted to investigate the efficacy of a composition containing elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole with a specific particle size for controlling anthracnose in Chile. From August to January, the trials were planned according to a randomized block design (RBD), with four treatments including an untreated control, and repeated five times. Test product samples with a specific particle size were compared to the untreated control. The treatment was applied as a foliar application 50 - 70 days after transplanting Chile into the trial site. Chile crops were cultivated in the trial fields using the following good agricultural practices.

[0176] [Details of the experiment] a) Trial location: Guntur, Andhra Pradesh b) Crop: Chile (Teja variety) c) Trial design: RBD d) Replications: 5 e) Treatments: 4 f) Plot size: 6m × 10m g) Sowing date: August 20, 2021 h) Application dates: October 10, 2021 and October 25, 2021 i) Application method: Two foliar applications at 15 - day intervals j) Harvest date: January 20, 2022

[0177]

Table 5

[0178] From Table 4, it was observed that Treatment 2 (T2) with a particle size range of 50 - 100 microns, Treatment 3 (T3) with a particle size distribution in the range of 100 - 150 microns, and Treatment 1 (T1) with a particle size distribution in the range of 0.1 - 50 microns showed improved yield and improved fungicidal effect against anthracnose in Chile compared to the untreated control.

[0179] Furthermore, Treatment 1 with a particle size of 0.1 - 50 microns, Treatment 2 with a particle size of 50 - 100 microns, and Treatment 3 with a particle size of 50 - 100 microns, when applied to chili crops at a dose of 3750 g / ha, showed a yield increase of approximately 65%, 35%, and 28% respectively compared to the control.

[0180] Therefore, it was noted that, surprisingly, among the WDG formulations, excellent efficacy was observed for the WDG formulation having a specific particle size distribution of 0.1 - 50 microns compared to WDG formulations having different particle sizes in various ranges.

[0181] <Field Trial Data 3: Investigation of the effect of a composition containing elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole, with varying concentrations of elemental sulfur, on the control of anthracnose in chili (Sitara variety)>

[0182] A field trial was conducted to investigate the effect of a composition containing elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole having a specific particle size on the control of anthracnose in chili. From August to January, the trial was planned according to the randomized block design (RBD), with four treatments including an untreated control, and repeated five times. The test product samples were compared with the untreated control. Fifty to seventy days after transplanting chili to the test site, the treatment was applied as a foliar application. Chili crops were cultivated in the trial field using the following good agricultural practices.

[0183] [Details of the experiment] a) Trial location: Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh b) Crop: Chili (Sitara variety) c) Trial design: RBD d) Replications: 5 e) Treatments: 4 f) Plot size: 6 m × 10 m g) Sowing date: August 18, 2021 h) Application dates: October 8, 2021 and October 23, 2021 i) Application method: Two foliar applications at 15 - day intervals j) Harvest date: January 18, 2022

[0184]

Table 6

[0185] From Table 5, it is observed that the WG of treatment 1 (T1) with 40% sulfur + 5.3% fluxapyroxad + 5.1% prothioconazole showed better yields and fungicidal effects against anthracnose in chili (Sitara variety) compared to treatment 2 (T2) with 20% elemental sulfur, treatment 3 (T3) with 10% elemental sulfur, and the untreated control. However, it is noted from the comparative efficacy data that compositions with less than 30% elemental sulfur do not show desirable results, namely, better control of anthracnose in chili and an increase in % yield when compared to the compositions of the present invention.

[0186] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that numerous modifications and variations can be effected without departing from the true spirit and scope of the novel concept of the present invention. It should be understood that the limitations with respect to the specific embodiments illustrated are not intended or to be inferred.

Claims

Claim 1 A pesticidal composition comprising: elemental sulfur in the range of 30% w / w to 90% w / w of the total composition; fluxapyroxad in the range of 0.01% w / w to 25% w / w of the total composition; prothioconazole in the range of 1% w / w to 20% w / w of the total composition; at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient; and having a particle size of the composition in the range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns. A pesticidal composition, characterized in that it is in the form of a solid, liquid or gel. Claim 2 The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that Claim 3 The pesticidal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the solid composition is in the form of granules including spheronized granules, extruded granules, water-disintegrating granules, wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, dusting powders (DP), powders for dry seed treatment (DS), water-disintegrating tablets, or water-dispersible powders (WS) for slurry seed treatment. Claim 4 The pesticidal composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquid pesticidal composition is in the form of a suspension concentrate (SC), suspoemulsion (SE), oil dispersion (OD), flowable concentrate (FC), suspension concentrate for seed treatment (FS), or ultra-low volume (ULV) formulation. Claim 5 The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the water-dispersible granules are in the size range of 0.05 mm to 3 mm. Claim 6 The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the granules are in the size range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm. Claim 7 The pesticidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition further comprises at least one active ingredient selected from pesticidal active substances, fertilizers, macronutrients, micronutrients, biostimulants, organic acids, plant growth regulators, algae, and mixtures thereof. Claim 8 The pesticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquid composition has a viscosity of 10 cps to 3000 cps. Claim 9 The pesticidal composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquid composition has an injectability of less than 5% residue. Claim 10 The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, wherein the dispersibility of the composition is at least 30%, characterized in that it is a pesticidal composition.

11. The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, wherein the suspension property of the composition is at least 30%, characterized in that it is a pesticidal composition.

12. The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, wherein the dispersibility of the composition is at least 30% under accelerated storage conditions, characterized in that it is a pesticidal composition.

13. The pesticidal composition according to claim 3, wherein the suspension property of the composition is at least 30% under accelerated storage conditions, characterized in that it is a pesticidal composition.

14. A process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of water-dispersible granules according to claim 3, a) Grinding a blend of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole in water together with at least one pesticide excipient to obtain a slurry or wet mixture with particle sizes in the range of 0.1 to 50 microns; b) Drying the wet mixture and sieving the dried mixture to remove small-sized and large-sized granules to obtain water-dispersible granules; comprising the granules of the composition consisting of granules in the size range of 0.05 mm to 3 mm; characterized in that it is a process.

15. A process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of granules according to claim 3, a) Grinding a blend of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole in water together with at least one pesticide excipient to obtain a slurry or wet mixture with particle sizes in the range of 0.1 to 50 microns; b) Drying the wet mixture to obtain a dried mixture, wherein the granules of the composition consist of granules in the size range of 0.05 to 3 mm, to obtain a dried mixture; c) Adding water to the dried mixture, blending to obtain a dough or paste, and then extruding it through an extruder to obtain extruded granules in the size range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm, or Aggregating the wet mixture or the dried mixture obtained in step (b) in an agglomerator to obtain a spheroidized granular composition in the size range of 0.05 mm to 6 mm; characterized in that it comprises a process.

16. A process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of a wettable powder for a wettable powder or a seed coating according to claim 3, comprising: a) mixing elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole with at least one agrochemical excipient; b) grinding the resulting mixture of step a) to obtain a wettable powder; characterized in that: the particles are in the size range of 0.1 to 50 microns. A process as claimed in claim 5.

17. A process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of a liquid suspension according to claim 4, comprising: a) homogenizing a mixture of elemental sulfur, fluxapyroxad, and prothioconazole with at least one agrochemical excipient to obtain a suspension; b) wet grinding the resulting suspension to provide a composition having a particle size range of 0.1 micron to 50 microns. A process as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

18. A process for preparing a pesticidal composition in the form of a suspoemulsion according to claim 4, comprising: a) homogenizing a mixture of elemental sulfur and fluxapyroxad with at least one agrochemical excipient to obtain a suspension, and wet grinding the resulting suspension to provide a suspension concentrate of elemental sulfur and fluxapyroxad having a particle size range of 0.1 to 50 microns; b) dissolving prothioconazole in an oil or solvent and at least one agrichemically acceptable excipient to obtain an emulsion concentrate of prothioconazole; c) mixing the suspension concentrate of step a) with the emulsion concentrate of step b) to obtain a suspoemulsion composition having particles in the size range of 0.1 to 50 microns. A process as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

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