Method for preparing a flow path device

Abstract

This method for preparing a flow channel device has a first step and a second step. The flow channel device comprises a flow channel part not open to an outer surface, and a plurality of holes each leading to the flow channel part and each open to the outer surface. The flow channel part includes a first flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels which are each connected to the first flow channel and narrower than the first flow channel. The plurality of holes include a first introduction hole leading to an upstream section of the first flow channel, a first discharge hole leading to a downstream section of the first flow channel, and a second discharge hole leading to downstream sections of the second flow channels. In the first step, a liquid supply part is connected to the first introduction hole, and a liquid suction part is connected to the second discharge hole. In the second step, while a liquid is supplied by the liquid supply part at a first supply speed toward the first flow channel via the first introduction hole, the liquid is sucked from the first flow channel via the plurality of second flow channels and the second discharge hole by the liquid suction part at a first suction speed equal to or less than the first supply speed.

Description

Cross - reference to related applications

[0001] This application claims the priority of Japanese Application No. 2022 - 18041 (filed on February 8, 2022), and the entire disclosure of the said application is incorporated herein by reference for reference purposes.

Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to a method for preparing a flow path device.

Background Art

[0003] There is known a flow path device including a portion having a plurality of fine branched flow paths (also referred to as a flow path portion) for separating specific - type particles from other - type particles in a liquid containing a plurality of types of particles (see, for example, the description in Patent Document 1).

[0004] The flow path portion has, for example, a main flow path and a plurality of branched flow paths each thinner than the main flow path and each connected to the main flow path. And, for example, when the diameter of specific - type particles is larger than that of other - type particles, if the width of each branched flow path is larger than the diameter of other - type particles and smaller than the diameter of specific - type particles, the other - type particles are introduced from the main flow path into the plurality of branched flow paths and separated from the specific - type particles flowing through the main flow path.

Prior - art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

[0006] A method for preparing a flow path device is disclosed.

[0007] One aspect of the method for preparing a flow path device includes a first step and a second step. The flow path device includes a flow path portion that does not open on the outer surface, and a plurality of holes that communicate with the flow path portion respectively and open on the outer surface. The flow path portion includes a first flow path and a plurality of second flow paths that are respectively connected to the first flow path and are thinner than the first flow path. The plurality of holes include a first introduction hole that communicates with a first upstream portion of the first flow path, a first discharge hole that communicates with a first downstream portion of the first flow path, and a second discharge hole that communicates with a second downstream portion on the side opposite to the first flow path in each of the plurality of second flow paths. In the first step, a liquid supply unit for supplying liquid to the first flow path through the first introduction hole is connected to the first introduction hole, and a liquid suction unit for sucking the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole is connected to the second discharge hole. In the second step, while the liquid supply unit supplies the liquid to the first flow path through the first introduction hole at a first supply rate, the liquid suction unit sucks the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole at a first suction rate that is equal to or lower than the first supply rate, so that a first region from the first introduction hole through the first flow path to the first discharge hole, and a second region from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths to the second discharge hole are filled with the liquid.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] There is known a flow path device including a portion (also referred to as a flow path portion) having a branched fine flow path for separating a specific type of particle (also referred to as a first particle) from other types of particles (also referred to as second particles) from a liquid containing a plurality of types of particles (also referred to as a liquid to be treated).

[0010] The flow path portion has, for example, a main flow path and a plurality of branch flow paths each thinner than the main flow path and each connected to the main flow path. And, for example, when the diameter of the first particle is larger than the diameter of the second particle, if the width of each branch flow path is larger than the diameter of the second particle and smaller than the diameter of the first particle, the second particle is introduced from the main flow path into the plurality of branch flow paths and separated from the first particle flowing through the main flow path.

[0011] Incidentally, for example, when the width of the main flow path is larger than the width in each branch flow path, the resistance to the flow of liquid from upstream to downstream in the main flow path is smaller than the resistance to the flow of liquid from upstream to downstream in each branch flow path. For this reason, for example, when the liquid to be processed is supplied upstream of a portion (also referred to as a branch portion) where a plurality of branch flow paths in the main flow path are connected, it is difficult for the liquid to flow in at least some of the branch flow paths due to the presence of air in the plurality of branch flow paths, and it is easy for the liquid to flow downstream in the main flow path. As a result, for example, for a branch flow path where it is difficult for the liquid to flow, it is difficult for the second particles to be introduced from the main flow path into the plurality of branch flow paths, and a problem may occur in that the first particles and the second particles are not sufficiently separated.

[0012] Therefore, for example, in a flow path device, a mode of performing a process (also referred to as a pre-process) of filling a plurality of branch flow paths and a main flow path with a predetermined liquid (also referred to as a pre-treatment liquid) before supplying the liquid to be processed upstream of the main flow path can be considered.

[0013] However, for example, even when supplying the pre-treatment liquid to the main flow path, the resistance to the flow of the pre-treatment liquid from upstream to downstream in the main flow path is smaller than the resistance to the flow of the pre-treatment liquid from upstream to downstream in each branch flow path. For this reason, for example, when the pre-treatment liquid is supplied upstream of the branch portion in the main flow path, it is difficult for the pre-treatment liquid to flow in the plurality of branch flow paths due to the presence of air, and it is easy for the pre-treatment liquid to flow downstream in the main flow path. Therefore, for example, it is not easy to fill the plurality of branch flow paths with the pre-treatment liquid by supplying the pre-treatment liquid to the main flow path.

[0014] Here, for example, when the flow path device is made of a specific material such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), after taking out the flow path device enclosed in a vacuum pack from the vacuum pack and supplying a pretreatment liquid to the upstream of the main flow path within a predetermined allowable time, a mode in which a plurality of branch flow paths are likely to be filled with the pretreatment liquid can be considered. However, in this mode, the predetermined allowable time is set to about 10 to 30 minutes, for example, and complicated operations such as strict time management after opening the vacuum pack are required.

[0015] Also, here, for example, immediately before using the flow path device, a mode can be considered in which the entire flow path device is placed in a vacuum chamber and the inside of the vacuum chamber is depressurized by a vacuum pump to evacuate the inside of the flow path portion. Further, for example, immediately before using the flow path device, while connecting a vacuum pump to a part of the openings connected to the flow path portion in the flow path device and closing all the remaining openings, a mode of evacuating the inside of the flow path portion by the vacuum pump can also be considered. However, in these modes of evacuating the inside of the flow path portion immediately before using the flow path device, a large-scale device is required. In particular, when the number of openings connected to the flow path portion in the flow path device is large, it causes enlargement and complication of the device, as well as complication of control.

[0016] Therefore, for the flow path device, as a preparation before using it for its original purpose, there is room for improvement in easily filling the relatively narrow flow paths in the flow path portion with a liquid.

[0017] Therefore, the inventor of the present disclosure has created a technique that can easily fill the relatively narrow flow paths in the flow path portion with a liquid for the preparation for using the flow path device.

[0018] Regarding this, various embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to parts having the same or similar configurations and functions. Duplicate descriptions of parts having the same or similar configurations and functions are omitted in the following description. The drawings are schematically shown.

[0019] The drawings include figures to which a right-handed XYZ coordinate system is appended for convenience. In the following description, the +Z direction is adopted as vertically upward (also simply referred to as upward). Vertically downward is also expressed as the -Z direction. The direction opposite to the X direction is also expressed as the -X direction. The direction opposite to the Y direction is also expressed as the -Y direction.

[0020] In each of the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 14 to 19, a part of the flow path device is omitted due to breakage.

[0021] In the following description, a "flow path" has a structure through which a liquid flows. The length of the flow path in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the flow path extends is referred to as the width of the flow path. A relatively small width of the flow path means that the flow path is relatively narrow, and a relatively large width of the flow path means that the flow path is relatively wide.

[0022] <1. First Embodiment> <1-1. Schematic Configuration Example of the First Flow Path Device> FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a flow path device (also referred to as a first flow path device) 3 as a separation device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing an example of the first flow path device 3 according to the first embodiment.

[0023] In the first embodiment, the first flow path device 3 has, for example, a plate-like shape. The first flow path device 3 has, for example, a surface (also referred to as a first upper surface) 3a, a surface opposite to this first upper surface 3a (also referred to as a first lower surface) 3b, and a surface (also referred to as a first side surface) 3c connecting the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b. In other words, the outer surface of the first flow path device 3 is constituted by the first upper surface 3a, the first lower surface 3b, and the first side surface 3c. The first upper surface 3a is located on the +Z direction side of the first lower surface 3b.

[0024] In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, the first upper surface 3a faces in the +Z direction. In other words, the first upper surface 3a has a normal line along the +Z direction. The first lower surface 3b faces in the -Z direction. In other words, the first lower surface 3b has a normal line along the -Z direction. Each of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b is, for example, flat and has a rectangular shape.

[0025] The thickness of the first flow path device 3 is, for example, about 1 millimeter (mm) to 5 mm. The thickness of the first flow path device 3 is the length along the +Z direction of the first flow path device 3. The width of each of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3 is, for example, about 10 mm to 50 mm. The width of the first upper surface 3a is the length along the +X direction of the first upper surface 3a. The width of the first lower surface 3b is the length along the +X direction of the first lower surface 3b. The length of each of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3 is, for example, about 10 mm to 30 mm. The length of the first upper surface 3a is the length along the +Y direction of the first upper surface 3a. The length of the first lower surface 3b is the length along the +Y direction of the first lower surface 3b.

[0026] The first flow path device 3 includes a flow path portion 30 that does not open on the outer surface of the first flow path device 3, and a plurality of holes 32 that communicate with the flow path portion 30 respectively and open on the outer surface of the first flow path device 3. The expression "the first part communicates with the second part" means a form in which the first part is directly connected to the second part in a state where a fluid such as a liquid can flow between the first part and the second part, or a form in which the first part is connected to the second part via another part (also referred to as the third part) in a state where the fluid can flow between the first part and the second part. Here, to each of the first part, the second part, and the third part, a part through which a fluid such as a flow path or a hole can flow is applied. The third part may be a part combining two or more flow paths, or a part combining one or more flow paths and one or more holes, or a part combining two or more holes. The flow path portion 30 is located inside the first flow path device 3. From another perspective, for example, the flow path portion 30 does not open on either the first upper surface 3a or the first lower surface 3b. In FIG. 2, the configuration of the flow path portion 30 is shown in a simplified manner.

[0027] FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the configuration of the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 in the first flow path device 3. In FIG. 3, the outer edge of the first flow path device 3 is omitted, and the outer edges of the flow path portion 30, the two introduction holes 325 and 327, and the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329 are drawn with solid lines. FIG. 4 shows a part of the flow path portion 30. In FIG. 4, the outer edges of the main flow path 34, the plurality of branch flow paths 31, and the two flow paths 35 and 37 are drawn with solid lines.

[0028] The flow path portion 30 has a configuration in which a plurality of groove-shaped flow paths that do not open on the outer surface of the first flow path device 3 are connected. The flow path portion 30 includes, for example, a flow path (also referred to as the main flow path) 34 as the first flow path, and a plurality of flow paths (also referred to as branch flow paths) 31 as the plurality of second flow paths.

[0029] The main flow path 34 is, for example, a linear flow path extending along the -Y direction as the first direction. The main flow path 34 has an upstream portion (also referred to as the first upstream portion) 341 and a downstream portion (also referred to as the first downstream portion) 342. The main flow path 34 extends in the -Y direction as the first direction from the first upstream portion 341 toward the first downstream portion 342.

[0030] Each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 is, for example, connected to the main flow path 34 and is thinner than the main flow path 34. For example, each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 opens on a side surface in the +X direction as the second direction orthogonal to the -Y direction as the first direction between the first upstream portion 341 and the first downstream portion 342 of the main flow path 34. In other words, the main flow path 34 has a plurality of portions (also referred to as connection portions) C1 to which the plurality of branch flow paths 31 are respectively connected. For example, each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 branches from the main flow path 34 at different positions in the -Y direction as the first direction. In other words, the plurality of connection portions C1 to which the plurality of branch flow paths 31 are respectively connected exist at different positions in the -Y direction as the first direction.

[0031] In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 extends along the +X direction as the second direction. From another perspective, the plurality of branch flow paths 31 are arranged along the -Y direction as the first direction. Here, the plurality of branch flow paths 31 constitute, for example, a group of branch flow paths (also referred to as a branch flow path group) 31g. The number of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 is set to, for example, several tens to several hundreds. In FIGS. 1 and 3, 13 branch flow paths 31 are drawn for convenience.

[0032] The plurality of holes 32 include, for example, an introduction hole 327 as the first introduction hole, an introduction hole 325 as the second introduction hole, a discharge hole 329 as the first discharge hole, a discharge hole 326 as the second discharge hole, and a discharge hole 328 as the third discharge hole.

[0033] The introduction hole 327 communicates with, for example, the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34. For example, the introduction hole 327 is connected to the first upstream portion 341 via the flow path 37. In other words, the flow path portion 30 includes the flow path 37 as the third flow path that connects the introduction hole 327 as the first introduction hole and the first upstream portion 341. For example, the flow path 37 is thicker than each branch flow path 31. For example, the diameter of the introduction hole 327 is set to be equal to or greater than the width of the flow path 37. In the first embodiment, the portion of the flow path 37 connected to the first upstream portion 341 opens on the side surface of the main flow path 34 opposite to the +X direction as the second direction. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow path 37 includes a portion extending along the -Y direction as the first direction from the introduction hole 327 and a portion extending along the +X direction opposite to the second direction and connected to the first upstream portion 341, which are connected in this order to form an L-shaped flow path. In other words, the flow path 37 extends in the order of the -Y direction and the +X direction.

[0034] The introduction hole 325 communicates with, for example, the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34. For example, the introduction hole 325 is connected to the first upstream portion 341 via the flow path 35. In other words, the flow path portion 30 includes the flow path 35 as the fourth flow path that connects the introduction hole 325 as the second introduction hole and the first upstream portion 341. For example, the flow path 35 is thicker than each branch flow path 31. For example, the diameter of the introduction hole 325 is set to be equal to or greater than the width of the flow path 35. In the first embodiment, the portion of the flow path 35 connected to the first upstream portion 341 extends along the -Y direction as the first direction. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow path 35 is connected to the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 in the -Y direction as the first direction. More specifically, for example, the flow path 35 includes a portion extending along the -X direction opposite to the second direction from the introduction hole 325 and a portion extending along the -Y direction as the first direction, which are connected in this order to form an L-shaped flow path. In other words, the flow path 35 extends in the order of the -X direction and the -Y direction.

[0035] The discharge hole 329 communicates with, for example, the first downstream portion 342 of the main flow path 34. For example, the discharge hole 329 is connected to the first downstream portion 342 via the flow path 39. In other words, the flow path portion 30 includes the flow path 39 as the fifth flow path that connects the discharge hole 329 as the first discharge hole and the first downstream portion 342. For example, the flow path 39 is thicker than each of the branch flow paths 31. For example, the diameter of the discharge hole 329 is set to be equal to or greater than the width of the flow path 39. In the first embodiment, the portion of the flow path 39 connected to the first downstream portion 342 opens on the side surface in the +X direction as the second direction of the first downstream portion 342. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow path 39 includes a portion connected to the first downstream portion 342 and extending along the +X direction as the second direction, a portion extending along the -Y direction as the first direction, and a portion extending along the -X direction opposite to the second direction, which are connected in this order, forming a U-shaped flow path. In other words, the flow path 39 extends in the order of the +X direction, the -Y direction, and the -X direction.

[0036] The discharge hole 326 communicates with, for example, the portion (also referred to as the second downstream portion) 312 on the side opposite to the main flow path 34 in each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31. For example, the discharge hole 326 is connected to the second downstream portion 312 of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 via the flow path 36. In other words, the flow path portion 30 includes the flow path 36 as the sixth flow path that connects the discharge hole 326 as the second discharge hole and the second downstream portion 312 in each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31. More specifically, for example, each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 is connected to the flow path 36 at different positions in the -Y direction as the first direction. For example, the flow path 36 is thicker than each of the branch flow paths 31. For example, the diameter of the discharge hole 326 is set to be equal to or greater than the width of the flow path 36. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow path 36 includes a portion to which the plurality of second downstream portions 312 in the plurality of branch flow paths 31 are respectively connected and extending linearly along the -Y direction as the first direction, and a portion extending linearly along the +X direction as the second direction, which are connected in this order, forming an L-shaped flow path. In other words, the flow path 36 extends in the order of the -Y direction and the +X direction.

[0037] The discharge hole 328 communicates with, for example, the first downstream portion 342 of the main flow path 34. For example, the discharge hole 328 is connected to the first downstream portion 342 via the flow path 38. In other words, the flow path portion 30 includes the flow path 38 as the seventh flow path that connects the discharge hole 328 as the third discharge hole and the first downstream portion 342. For example, the flow path 38 is thicker than each branch flow path 31. For example, the diameter of the discharge hole 328 is set to be equal to or larger than the width of the flow path 38. In the first embodiment, the portion of the flow path 38 connected to the first downstream portion 342 extends along the -Y direction. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 3, the flow path 38 includes a portion connected to the first downstream portion 342 and extending along the -Y direction as the first direction, a portion extending along the -X direction opposite to the second direction, a portion extending along the -Y direction as the first direction, and a portion extending along the +X direction as the second direction and connected to the discharge hole 328, which are connected in this order. In other words, the flow path 38 extends in the order of the -Y direction, -X direction, -Y direction, and +X direction.

[0038] In the first embodiment, for example, each of the two introduction holes 325, 327 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, 329 does not open on the first upper surface 3a and opens on the first lower surface 3b. For example, the introduction hole 327 has a portion (also referred to as the first introduction port or the first inlet) 1i that opens on the first lower surface 3b. The introduction hole 325 has a portion (also referred to as the second introduction port or the second inlet) 2i that opens on the first lower surface 3b. The discharge hole 329 has a portion (also referred to as the first discharge port or the first outlet) 1o that opens on the first lower surface 3b. The discharge hole 326 has a portion (also referred to as the second discharge port or the second outlet) 2o that opens on the first lower surface 3b. The discharge hole 328 has a portion (also referred to as the third discharge port or the third outlet) 3o that opens on the first lower surface 3b.

[0039] <1-2. Schematic functional example of the first flow path device> The function of the first flow path device 3 will be roughly described below.

[0040] A liquid (also referred to as a liquid to be treated) containing a plurality of types of particles P100, P200 (see FIG. 4) is introduced into the first flow path device 3. For example, the first flow path device 3 separates and discharges separation target particles P100, which are particles of a specific type, from other types of particles (also referred to as other type particles) P200. There may be three or more types of the plurality of types of particles. Hereinafter, the case where each of the separation target particles P100 and the other type particles P200 is one type of particle will be exemplified.

[0041] Pressing liquid is introduced into the first flow path device 3 through the introduction hole 327. The liquid to be treated is introduced into the first flow path device 3 through the introduction hole 325. Specific examples and functions of the pressing liquid will be described later.

[0042] When the pressing liquid is introduced into the first flow path device 3 from the introduction hole 327, for example, a pipe for supplying the pressing liquid can be connected to the first flow path device 3 from the outside of the first flow path device 3. To connect this pipe, for example, on the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3, in a plan view (hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, a plan view seen in the -Z direction), there may be a cylindrical portion that is located in a state of surrounding the introduction hole 327 around the Z axis and protrudes in the +Z direction.

[0043] When the liquid to be treated is introduced into the first flow path device 3 from the introduction hole 325, for example, a pipe for supplying the liquid to be treated can be connected to the first flow path device 3 from the outside of the first flow path device 3. To connect this pipe, for example, on the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3, in a plan view, there may be a cylindrical portion that is located in a state of surrounding the introduction hole 325 around the Z axis and protrudes in the +Z direction.

[0044] For example, the liquid to be treated introduced into the first flow path device 3 from the introduction hole 325 flows into the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 via the flow path 35.

[0045] For example, the pressing liquid introduced into the first flow path device 3 from the introduction hole 327 flows into the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 via the flow path 37.

[0046] In FIG. 4, an arrow Fp1 drawn as a two-dot chain line indicates the direction in which the pressing liquid travels. This direction is along the +X direction. An arrow Fm1 drawn as a two-dot chain line thicker than the arrow Fp1 in FIG. 4 indicates the direction in which the main flow (also referred to as the mainstream) of the liquid to be processed flowing from the flow path 35 into the main flow path 34 travels. The direction in which this mainstream travels is along the -Y direction as the first direction. A rectangle drawn as a thin two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 virtually shows the outer edge of the first upstream portion 341.

[0047] In FIG. 4, when the diameter of the particles P100 to be separated is larger than the diameter of the other types of particles P200, a state in which the two are separated from each other is schematically shown. Specifically, for example, the width of each branch flow path 31 is larger than the diameter of the other types of particles P200 and smaller than the diameter of the particles P100 to be separated. Here, the width of the branch flow path 31 is the length of the branch flow path 31 along the Y direction.

[0048] At least the widths of the main flow path 34 and the flow path 35 are larger than the diameters of both the particles P100 to be separated and the other types of particles P200. Here, the width of the main flow path 34 is the length of the main flow path 34 along the X direction orthogonal to the -Y direction as the first direction. The width of the flow path 35 is the length of the flow path 35 along the X direction in the vicinity of the main flow path 34. The width of the flow path 35 is the length of the flow path 35 along the Y direction at a position where the flow path 35 extends along the -X direction.

[0049] While the other type of particles P200 move in the -Y direction as the first direction in the main flow path 34, most of them are introduced into one of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 by receiving a force pressing in the +X direction. Most of the other type of particles P200 pass through one of the plurality of branch flow paths 31, and further pass through the flow path 36 and are discharged from the discharge hole 326 to the outside of the first flow path device 3. Here, by adjusting the cross-sectional area and length of each branch flow path 31 connected to the main flow path 34, the other type of particles P200 are introduced from the main flow path 34 into one of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and separated from the particles P100 to be separated. The other type of particles P200 discharged from the discharge hole 326 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 may be subjected to specific processing in, for example, another device directly connected to the discharge hole 326 or connected via another member such as a pipe, or may simply be collected. The other type of particles P200 discharged from the discharge hole 326 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 may be discarded, for example, directly or via another member such as a pipe.

[0050] The particles P100 to be separated hardly enter the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and move in the -Y direction as the first direction in the main flow path 34. Most of the particles P100 to be separated pass through the main flow path 34 and are further discharged from the discharge hole 329 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 via the flow path 39. Here, the width of the flow path 39 is larger than that of the particles P100 to be separated. Due to the same action by which the other type of particles P200 are introduced into one of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 in the main flow path 34, the particles P100 to be separated that reach the first downstream portion 342 flow into the flow path 39 instead of the flow path 38. The particles P100 to be separated discharged from the discharge hole 329 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 may be subjected to specific processing in, for example, another device directly connected to the discharge hole 329 or connected via another member such as a pipe, or may simply be collected.

[0051] A composition excluding other particles P200 flowing into any of the plurality of branch channels 31 of the liquid to be processed and separation target particles P100 flowing into the channel 39 (also referred to as the remaining composition) flows into the channel 38. This remaining composition passes through the channel 38 and is discharged from the discharge hole 328. Here, the remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 328 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 may be subjected to specific processing in another device directly connected to the discharge hole 328 or via another member such as a pipe, or may simply be recovered. The remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 328 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 may be discarded, for example, directly or via another member such as a pipe.

[0052] In the first embodiment, the flow (also referred to as the introduction flow) that introduces the liquid to be processed into the branch channels 31 is utilized. The introduction flow can contribute to the separation of the separation target particles P100 and other particles P200 by the main channel 34 and the plurality of branch channels 31. The introduction flow is indicated by the region Ar1 hatched with sand in FIG. 4. The state of the introduction flow indicated by the region Ar1 in FIG. 4 is merely an example, and can change according to the relationship between the flow velocity and flow rate of the liquid to be processed introduced from the channel 35 into the main channel 34 and the flow velocity and flow rate of the pressing liquid introduced from the channel 37 into the first upstream portion 341 of the main channel 34. By appropriately adjusting the region Ar1, the separation target particles P100 and other particles P200 can be efficiently separated from the liquid to be processed. The pressing liquid presses the liquid to be processed against the plurality of branch channels 31 in the +X direction from the side opposite to the plurality of branch channels 31. The pressing liquid can contribute to the generation of the introduction flow.

[0053] Here, as described above, the main flow path 34 extends in the -Y direction as the first direction. The portion of the flow path 35 that is connected to the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 extends along the -Y direction as the first direction. Each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 opens on the side surface in the +X direction as the second direction between the first upstream portion 341 and the first downstream portion 342 of the main flow path 34. The flow path 37 opens on the side surface in the -X direction, which is opposite to the second direction, of the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34. Therefore, for example, while supplying the pressing liquid to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327, by supplying the liquid to be processed containing a plurality of types of particles to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 325, a liquid flow that presses the plurality of types of particles toward the plurality of branch flow paths 31 can be generated in the main flow path 34. As a result, for example, other type particles P200, which are particles of a type having a diameter smaller than the width of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 among the plurality of types of particles, are more likely to flow into the plurality of branch flow paths 31. As a result, for example, among the plurality of types of particles in the liquid to be processed, separation between the target particles P100, which are particles of a type having a diameter larger than the width of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31, and other type particles P200, which are particles of a type having a diameter smaller than the width of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31, becomes easy.

[0054] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, as described above, the flow path 39 has a portion connected to the first downstream portion 342 of the main flow path 34 opening on the side surface in the +X direction as the second direction of the first downstream portion 342. Therefore, for example, due to the action of the introduced flow in the main flow path 34, the target particles P100 having a diameter larger than the width of each of the branch flow paths 31 are more likely to flow into the flow path 39. As a result, for example, the target particles P100 can be easily discharged from the discharge hole 329 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 through the flow path 39. As a result, for example, among the plurality of types of particles in the liquid to be processed, separation between the target particles P100, which are particles of a type having a diameter larger than the width of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31, and other type particles P200, which are particles of a type having a diameter smaller than the width of each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31, becomes easy.

[0055] In FIG. 4, the width of the introduced flow in the main flow path 34 is shown as width W1 in the vicinity of the region where the main flow path 34 branches into a plurality of branch flow paths 31. Here, the width of the introduced flow in the main flow path 34 is the length of the introduced flow along the X direction. The width W1 can be set, for example, by adjusting the cross-sectional areas and lengths of the main flow path 34 and the plurality of branch flow paths 31, and by adjusting the flow rates of the liquid to be treated and the pressing liquid.

[0056] In FIG. 4, the width W1 is exemplified as a width in which the center-of-gravity position of the particles P100 to be separated is not included in the region Ar1 of the introduced flow, and the center-of-gravity position of the other type of particles P200 is included.

[0057] As an example of the liquid to be treated, blood, which is a liquid containing a plurality of types of particles, is adopted. In this case, an example is adopted in which the particles P100 to be separated are white blood cells and the other type of particles P200 are red blood cells. As an example of a specific treatment for the particles P100 to be separated, measurement of the number of white blood cells is adopted. As an example of the remaining composition that flows through the flow path 38 and is discharged from the first flow path device 3 through the discharge hole 328, plasma or the like is adopted. In this case, as an example of the pressing liquid, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is adopted. In order to give the pressing liquid a function according to the purpose of use of the first flow path device 3 or the like, a liquid in which other components are added to PBS may be applied to the pressing liquid. As the other components, for example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the second component may be applied, or bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the third component may be applied.

[0058] The centroid position of a red blood cell is, for example, at a position about 2 micrometers (μm) to 2.5 μm from the outer edge of the red blood cell. The maximum diameter of a red blood cell is, for example, about 6 μm to 8 μm. The centroid position of a white blood cell is, for example, at a position about 5 μm to 10 μm from the outer edge of the white blood cell. The maximum diameter of a white blood cell is, for example, about 10 μm to 30 μm. From the viewpoint of separating red blood cells and white blood cells in blood, a value of about 2 μm to 15 μm is adopted for the width W1 of the introduction flow.

[0059] The cross-sectional area of a virtual cross-section along the XZ plane of the main flow path 34 is, for example, 300 square micrometers (μm 2 ) to 1000 μm 2 or so. The length along the Y direction of the main flow path 34 is, for example, about 0.5 mm to 20 mm. The cross-sectional area of a virtual cross-section along the YZ plane of the branch flow path 31 is, for example, 100 μm 2 to 500 μm 2 or so. The length along the X direction of the branch flow path 31 is, for example, about 3 mm to 25 mm. The flow velocity of the liquid to be processed flowing in the -Y direction as the first direction in the main flow path 34 is, for example, about 0.2 meters per second (m / s) to 5 m / s. Also, the flow rate of the liquid per unit time in the main flow path 34 is, for example, about 0.1 microliters per second (μl / s) to 5 μl / s.

[0060] In the first flow path device 3, for example, the total volume of the flow path portion 30, the two introduction holes 325 and 327, and the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329 can be set to about 0.5 microliters (μl) to 2 μl. For example, the total volume of the main flow path 34, the two flow paths 35 and 37, and the two introduction holes 325 and 327 can be set to about 0.07 μl to 0.3 μl. For example, the total volume of the main flow path 34, the four flow paths 35, 37, 38, and 39, the two introduction holes 325 and 327, and the two discharge holes 328 and 329 can be set to about 0.1 μl to 0.5 μl.

[0061] For the material of the first flow path device 3 (the material forming the first flow path device 3), for example, a resin such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is applied. PDMS has excellent transferability when performing resin molding using a mold. Transferability is the property of forming fine irregularities corresponding to the fine pattern of the mold in the resin molded product.

[0062] The first flow path device 3 can be manufactured, for example, by joining a plate-shaped first part having fine irregularities corresponding to the pattern of the flow path part 30 on one side and a plate-shaped second part having five through holes corresponding to the two introduction holes 325, 327 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, 329 in such a form that the fine irregularities of the first part are covered by one side of the second part. The first part having fine irregularities on one side can be produced, for example, by resin molding or the like. The second part having five through holes may be produced, for example, by resin molding or may be produced by forming five through holes in a flat plate-shaped member formed by resin molding by punching or the like. The joining of the first part and the second part can be realized, for example, without using an adhesive by surface modification of one side of the first part and one side of the second part and contact between one side of the first part and one side of the second part. The surface modification is realized, for example, by irradiation with oxygen plasma or irradiation with ultraviolet (UV) light using an excimer lamp. For example, if one side of the first part and one side of the second part are made of the same kind of resin, the bonding strength between one side of the first part and one side of the second part using surface modification can be improved.

[0063] <1-3. Example of Use of the First Flow Path Device> Here, an example of the use of the first flow path device 3 will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a process for separating particles using the first flow path device 3.

[0064] Here, as shown in FIG. 5, a process of preparing the first flow path device 3 in step S1 (also referred to as a preparation process) and a process of separating particles using the first flow path device 3 in step S2 (also referred to as a separation process) are carried out in this order of description. The preparation process is a process for performing prior preparation on the first flow path device 3 in order to carry out the separation process.

[0065] <<Preparation Process>> In the preparation process of step S1, as a process (also referred to as a pre-treatment) before introducing the liquid to be processed into the first flow path device 3, a process of introducing a liquid (also referred to as a pre-treatment liquid) into the flow path portion 30 (also referred to as an introduction process) is carried out. This introduction process is a process for realizing the cleaning of the first flow path device 3 and the smooth flow of the liquid to be processed in the flow path portion 30 (particularly each narrow branch flow path 31) in the separation process. For example, the pre-treatment liquid is also used as a pressing liquid.

[0066] FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the process in the preparation process carried out in step S1 of FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 6, in the preparation process, a connection process as the first step in step S11 and a pre-treatment process as the second step in step S12 are carried out in this order of description. In other words, the method for preparing the first flow path device 3 has a connection process as the first step and a pre-treatment process as the second step. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the process in the pre-treatment process of step S12 in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an image diagram showing an example of the connection state of each part in the connection process.

[0067] In the connection step of step S11, a first liquid supply unit 4 for supplying a pretreatment liquid to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 is connected to the introduction hole 327, and a liquid suction unit 5 for sucking the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 is connected to the discharge hole 326. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the first liquid supply unit 4 is connected to the introduction hole 327 via a pipe 4c or the like. At the end of the pipe 4c, for example, there is a connector for connecting to the introduction hole 327. For example, the liquid suction unit 5 is connected to the discharge hole 326 via a pipe 5c or the like. At the end of the pipe 5c, for example, there is a connector for connecting to the discharge hole 326. For example, the connection of the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 327 and the connection of the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 326 may be performed in any order or simultaneously. In FIG. 8, each of the pipes 4c and 5c is drawn as a thin two-dot chain line for convenience, and the direction in which the pretreatment liquid flows in each of the pipes 4c and 5c is indicated by an arrow drawn as a thin two-dot chain line.

[0068] Here, for example, a second liquid supply unit 6 for supplying a liquid to be treated to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 325 may be connected to the introduction hole 325. The second liquid supply unit 6 is connected to the introduction hole 325 via a pipe 6c or the like. At the end of the pipe 6c, for example, there is a connector for connecting to the introduction hole 325. In FIG. 8, the second liquid supply unit 6 and the pipe 6c are drawn as thin two-dot chain lines for convenience, and the direction in which the liquid to be treated flows in the pipe 6c is indicated by an arrow drawn as a thin two-dot chain line. For example, a device for performing a specific treatment on the separation target particles P100 or recovering the separation target particles P100 may be connected to the discharge hole 329 directly or via another member such as a pipe. For example, a device for performing a specific treatment on the remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 328 or recovering the remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 328 may be connected to the discharge hole 328 directly or via another member such as a pipe.

[0069] The first liquid supply unit 4 may include, for example, a syringe pump or pA mechanism capable of supplying a pretreatment liquid using a pump such as a plunger pump is applied. The operation of the first liquid supply unit 4 can be controlled, for example, in response to a signal from the control unit 7. In this case, the control unit 7 can control, for example, the start and stop of the supply of the pretreatment liquid toward the main flow path 34 by the first liquid supply unit 4, and the supply amount per unit time (also referred to as the first supply rate) of the pretreatment liquid toward the main flow path 34 by the first liquid supply unit 4.

[0070] A mechanism capable of sucking a liquid and a gas using a pump such as a diaphragm pump or a syringe pump is applied to the liquid suction unit 5. In this case, the gas sucked by the pump mainly exists in the flow path 37, the main flow path 34, the branch flow path 31, and the flow path 36 before the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 326. This gas needs to be sucked before the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 326 and starts to be directly sucked by the pump. In the present disclosure, the expression "sucking a liquid" includes sucking the gas existing in the flow path as a stage before directly sucking the liquid using the pump. The operation of the liquid suction unit 5 can be controlled, for example, in response to a signal from the control unit 7. In this case, the control unit 7 can control, for example, the start and stop of the suction of the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31, the flow path 36, and the discharge hole 326 by the liquid suction unit 5, and the suction amount per unit time (also referred to as the first suction rate) of the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31, the flow path 36, and the discharge hole 326 by the liquid suction unit 5.

[0071] For the second liquid supply unit 6, a mechanism capable of supplying a liquid to be processed using a pump such as a syringe pump or p a plunger pump is applied. The operation of the second liquid supply unit 6 can be controlled, for example, in response to a signal from the control unit 7. In this case, the control unit 7 can control, for example, the start and stop of the supply of the liquid to be processed toward the main flow path 34 by the second liquid supply unit 6, and the supply amount per unit time (also referred to as the second supply rate) of the liquid to be processed toward the main flow path 34 by the second liquid supply unit 6.

[0072] The control unit 7 can control the operations of elements such as, for example, the first liquid supply unit 4, the liquid suction unit 5, and the second liquid supply unit 6. The control unit 7 may be, for example, a computer or a control circuit. The control unit 7 includes at least one processor to provide control and processing capabilities for executing various functions, as described in more detail below.

[0073] According to various embodiments, the at least one processor may be implemented as a single integrated circuit (IC), or a plurality of ICs and / or discrete circuits communicatively connected. The at least one processor can be realized according to various known techniques.

[0074] In one embodiment, the processor includes one or more circuits or units configured to execute one or more data calculation procedures or processes by executing instructions stored in a related memory. In another embodiment, the processor may be firmware (e.g., discrete logic components) configured to execute one or more data calculation procedures or processes.

[0075] According to various embodiments, the processor includes one or more processors, controllers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processing devices, programmable logic devices, field programmable gate arrays, or any combination of these devices or configurations, or any combination of other known devices and configurations, and may execute the functions described below.

[0076] In this example, the control unit 7 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 71 and a storage unit 72. The storage unit 72 includes a non-temporary recording medium readable by the CPU 71, such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The storage unit 72 stores a program P1 and the like for controlling the first liquid supply unit 4, the liquid suction unit 5, the second liquid supply unit 6, and the like. Various functions of the control unit 7 are realized by the CPU 71 executing the program P1 in the storage unit 72.

[0077] Note that the configuration of the control unit 7 is not limited to the above example. For example, the control unit 7 may include a plurality of CPUs 71. Also, the control unit 7 may include at least one DSP (Digital Signal Processor). Further, all or some of the functions of the control unit 7 may be realized by a hardware circuit that does not require software for realizing the functions. Also, the storage unit 72 may include a non-temporary recording medium readable by a computer other than a ROM and a RAM. The storage unit 72 may include, for example, a small hard disk drive and / or an SSD (Solid State Drive).

[0078] As shown in FIG. 7, in the preprocessing step performed in step S12, for example, the processes from step S121 to step S125 are performed in this order of description. This preprocessing step can be realized, for example, by controlling the first liquid supply unit 4 and the liquid suction unit 5 by the control unit 7.

[0079] Figs. 9 to 11 schematically show an example of changes in the state of introduction of the pretreatment liquid into the first flow path device 3 in the pretreatment step. In Figs. 9 to 11, the outer edge of the first flow path device 3 is omitted, and the outer edges of the flow path portion 30, the two introduction holes 325, 327, and the three discharge holes 326, 328, 329 are drawn with solid lines. Fig. 9 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the state of the first flow path device 3 before the start of the pretreatment step. Fig. 10 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the state of the first flow path device 3 in the first stage of the pretreatment step. Fig. 11 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the state of the first flow path device 3 in the second stage of the pretreatment step. In Figs. 10 and 11, the region where the pretreatment liquid exists is indicated by hatching using upward-slanting diagonal lines. In Figs. 10 and 11, the direction in which the pretreatment liquid flows is indicated by an arrow drawn with a thin two-dot chain line.

[0080] In step S121, the operation of supplying the pretreatment liquid to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 by the first liquid supply unit 4 (also referred to as the supply operation) is started. Thereby, the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 to the main flow path 34 via the flow path 37. Here, the pretreatment liquid is supplied to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 by the first liquid supply unit 4 at the first supply rate. The first supply rate is set, for example, from 100 microliters per minute (μl / min) to 400 μl / min. The first supply rate may be constant, for example, with respect to the passage of time, or may vary slightly.

[0081] Here, in each branch flow path 31 of the flow path portion 30, each branch flow path 31 is narrower than the other flow paths, and the presence of air in each branch flow path 31 makes it difficult for the pretreatment liquid to flow. For this reason, as shown in Fig. 10, the pretreatment liquid supplied from the introduction hole 327 to the main flow path 34 via the flow path 37 causes a flow toward the introduction hole 325 via the flow path 35, a flow toward the discharge hole 329 via the main flow path 34 and the flow path 39 in sequence, and a flow toward the discharge hole 328 via the main flow path 34 and the flow path 38 in sequence.

[0082] In step S122, it is determined whether the pretreatment liquid has reached the discharge holes 329 and 328. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or whether the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The first predetermined time and the first predetermined amount can be set according to the results of, for example, experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3.

[0083] For example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge holes 329 and 328. Here, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or until the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4.

[0084] And, for example, if the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge holes 329 and 328, the process proceeds to step S123. Here, for example, if a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or if the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S123. At this time, the region (also referred to as the first region) A1 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329 is filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0085] Here, for example, the first region A1 may include two discharge holes 328 and 329. In this case, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and each hole 32 of the first region A1. For example, when the first region A1 does not include two discharge holes 328 and 329, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and the introduction hole 327 of the first region A1.

[0086] In step S123, the liquid suction unit 5 starts an operation of sucking the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge holes 326 (also referred to as a suction operation). In other words, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the discharge holes 328 and 329 by the first liquid supply unit 4, the suction operation is started. Here, the liquid suction unit 5 sucks the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge holes 326 at a first suction rate. The first suction rate is set to be equal to or less than the first supply rate. For this reason, for example, while the first liquid supply unit 4 supplies the pretreatment liquid toward the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 at the first supply rate, the liquid suction unit 5 sucks the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge holes 326 at a first suction rate that is equal to or less than the first supply rate. The first suction rate is set, for example, from 50 μl / min to 200 μl / min. The first suction rate may be constant, for example, with respect to the passage of time, or may vary slightly.

[0087] Here, in the flow path section 30, although the width of each branch flow path 31 is smaller than that of the other flow paths, the pretreatment liquid is forced to flow in each branch flow path 31 by the suction operation of the liquid suction section 5. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, a flow of the pretreatment liquid occurs from the main flow path 34 toward the discharge hole 326 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the flow path 36 in sequence. As a result, following the first region A1 that extends from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329, a region (also referred to as the second region) A2 that extends from the main flow path 34 through each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 can be filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0088] Here, for example, the discharge hole 326 may be included in the second region A2. In this case, the state where the second region A2 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path of the second region A2 and the discharge hole 326. For example, when the discharge hole 326 is not included in the second region A2, the state where the second region A2 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path of the second region A2.

[0089] In the first embodiment, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329 by the first liquid supply section 4, the suction operation by the liquid suction section 5 is started. Thereby, for example, after filling the first region A1 that extends from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329 with the pretreatment liquid, the second region A2 that extends from the main flow path 34 through each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 starts to be filled with the pretreatment liquid. As a result, both the first region A1 and the second region A2 can be quickly filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0090] In step S124, it is determined whether the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and whether the pretreatment liquid has reached all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether a second predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The second predetermined time can be set according to, for example, the results of experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3. The state where the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where there are bubbles or air to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path of the flow path portion 30.

[0091] For example, the determination in step S124 is repeated until the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and the pretreatment liquid reaches all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3. Here, for example, the determination in step S124 is repeated until a second predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4.

[0092] Then, for example, if the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and the pretreatment liquid reaches all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3, the process proceeds to step S125. Here, for example, if a second predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S125. At this time, a first region A1 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329, and a second region A2 from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 are filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0093] In step S125, the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4 and the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 are stopped.

[0094] <<Separation step>> In the separation step of step S2, the liquid to be processed is introduced into the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 through the introduction hole 325, and the pressing liquid is introduced through the introduction hole 327. Here, for example, the liquid to be processed is supplied by the second liquid supply unit 6 to the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 325 and the flow path 35 in sequence. For example, the pressing liquid is supplied by the first liquid supply unit 4 to the first upstream portion 341 of the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 and the flow path 37 in sequence. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, among the plurality of types of particles contained in the liquid to be processed, the other type of particles P200 are introduced from the main flow path 34 into any of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and separated from the separation target particles P100. The separation target particles P100 among the plurality of types of particles contained in the liquid to be processed are hardly introduced into the plurality of branch flow paths 31, pass through the main flow path 34, and are further discharged from the discharge hole 329 to the outside of the first flow path device 3 through the flow path 39.

[0095] <1-4. Summary of the First Embodiment> The preparation method of the first flow path device 3 according to the first embodiment includes a connection step as the first step and a pretreatment step as the second step. In the connection step, a first liquid supply unit 4 for supplying a pretreatment liquid to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 is connected to the introduction hole 327, and a liquid suction unit 5 for sucking the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 is connected to the discharge hole 326. In the pretreatment step, while supplying the pretreatment liquid to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 at a first supply rate by the first liquid supply unit 4, the liquid suction unit 5 sucks the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 at a first suction rate equal to or lower than the first supply rate. Here, in the flow path portion 30, although each branch flow path 31 is narrower than other flow paths, the pretreatment liquid is forced to flow in each branch flow path 31 by the suction operation of the liquid suction unit 5. As a result, the first region A1 from the introduction hole 327 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329 through the main flow path 34 and the second region A2 from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 can be filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0096] In the preparation method of the first flow path device 3 according to the first embodiment, for example, a simple configuration is adopted in which a liquid suction unit 5 for sucking a pretreatment liquid is connected to a discharge hole 326 through a plurality of branch flow paths 31 and discharge holes 326 that are thinner than other flow paths in the flow path unit 30 from the main flow path 34. Then, for example, each relatively thin branch flow path 31 in the flow path unit 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be quickly filled with the pretreatment liquid by the liquid suction unit 5 such as a pump connected to the discharge hole 326.

[0097] As a result, for example, complicated operations such as strict time management for supplying the pretreatment liquid to the main flow path 34 within a predetermined allowable time after taking out the first flow path device 3 enclosed in a vacuum pack from the vacuum pack are unnecessary. Also, for example, immediately before using the first flow path device 3, a large-scale device for performing evacuation by putting the entire first flow path device 3 into a vacuum chamber and decompressing the inside of the vacuum chamber by a vacuum pump to make the inside of the flow path unit 30 vacuum is unnecessary. Further, for example, immediately before using the first flow path device 3, while connecting a vacuum pump to the openings of some of the plurality of holes 32 connected to the flow path unit 30 in the first flow path device 3 and closing the openings of all the remaining holes, a large-scale device and complicated control for performing evacuation to make the inside of the flow path unit 30 vacuum by the vacuum pump are also unnecessary.

[0098] Therefore, for example, each relatively thin branch flow path 31 in the flow path unit 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be easily filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0099] <2. Other Embodiments> The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described first embodiment, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

[0100] <2-1. Second Embodiment> The first flow path device 3 as the separation device according to the first embodiment may be combined with, for example, a flow path device (also referred to as a second flow path device) 1 as a processing device to constitute a separation processing device 100 as a kind of flow path device.

[0101] <<Schematic Configuration Example of Flow Path Device>> FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an example of the separation processing device 100 according to the second embodiment.

[0102] The separation processing device 100 includes, for example, a first flow path device 3, a connection member 2, and a second flow path device 1. The second flow path device 1, the connection member 2, and the first flow path device 3 are stacked on top of each other in this order in the +Z direction. In other words, the connection member 2 is located on the second flow path device 1, and the first flow path device 3 is located on the connection member 2.

[0103] The second flow path device 1 has a surface (also referred to as the second upper surface) 1a and a surface (also referred to as the second lower surface) 1b. The second upper surface 1a is located on the +Z direction side of the second lower surface 1b.

[0104] The connection member 2 has a surface (also referred to as the third upper surface) 2a and a surface (also referred to as the third lower surface) 2b. The third upper surface 2a is located on the +Z direction side of the third lower surface 2b. The third lower surface 2b is in contact with the second upper surface 1a of the second flow path device 1. The third upper surface 2a is in contact with the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3. In other words, the connection member 2 is interposed between the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3 and the second upper surface 1a of the second flow path device 1. The third lower surface 2b and the second upper surface 1a are joined by, for example, plasma bonding or optical bonding. The first lower surface 3b and the third upper surface 2a are joined by, for example, plasma bonding or optical bonding. For example, oxygen plasma is used for the above-described plasma bonding. For example, ultraviolet light from an excimer lamp is used for the above-described optical bonding.

[0105] The second flow path device 1 and the connection member 2 each have a plate-like outer shape that is rectangular in plan view, similar to the first flow path device 3. For example, the second upper surface 1a, the second lower surface 1b, the third upper surface 2a, and the third lower surface 2b are each perpendicular to the +Z direction, similar to the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b.

[0106] FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the second flow path device 1. In FIG. 13, a region R2 surrounded by a rectangular dashed line indicates a position where the third lower surface 2b of the connection member 2 is joined on the second upper surface 1a. In the second flow path device 1, for example, a region other than the region R2 in the second upper surface 1a, the second lower surface 1b, and a side surface connecting the second upper surface 1a and the second lower surface 1b constitute an outer surface of the separation processing device 100.

[0107] The thickness of the second flow path device 1 is, for example, about 0.5 mm to 5 mm. The thickness of the second flow path device 1 is a length along the +Z direction of the second flow path device 1. The width of each of the second upper surface 1a and the second lower surface 1b is, for example, about 10 mm to 50 mm. The width of the second upper surface 1a is a length along the +X direction of the second upper surface 1a. The width of the second lower surface 1b is a length along the +X direction of the second lower surface 1b. The length of each of the second upper surface 1a and the second lower surface 1b is, for example, about 20 mm to 100 mm. The length of the second upper surface 1a is a length along the +Y direction of the second upper surface 1a. The length of the second lower surface 1b is a length along the +Y direction of the second lower surface 1b.

[0108] The second flow path device 1 has, for example, six introduction holes 121, 122, 124, 126, 128, 129, two discharge holes 125, 127, and a stirring hole 123. Each of the three introduction holes 126, 128, 129 and the two discharge holes 125, 127 opens on the second upper surface 1a in the region R2. Each of the three introduction holes 121, 122, 124 and the stirring hole 123 opens on the second upper surface 1a at a position outside the region R2. In other words, none of the six introduction holes 121, 122, 124, 126, 128, 129, the two discharge holes 125, 127, and the stirring hole 123 opens on the second lower surface 1b.

[0109] The second flow path device 1 has, for example, three discharge holes 141, 142, 143. Each of the three discharge holes 141, 142, 143 opens on the second lower surface 1b at a position outside the region R2. In other words, none of the discharge holes 141, 142, 143 opens on the second upper surface 1a.

[0110] The second flow path device 1 has, for example, a plurality of flow paths 1f. The plurality of flow paths 1f include, for example, a stirring flow path 115, eight flow paths 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, a measurement flow path 151, and a reference flow path 152. Each of the plurality of flow paths 1f is a groove-shaped flow path that does not open to either the second upper surface 1a or the second lower surface 1b.

[0111] The flow path 111 communicates with the introduction hole 121 and the discharge hole 127. The flow path 112 communicates with the introduction hole 128 and the discharge hole 141. The flow path 113 communicates with the introduction hole 122 and the discharge hole 125. The flow path 114 communicates with the introduction hole 126 and the discharge hole 142.

[0112] The measurement flow path 151 is a flow path intervening between the flow path 117 and the flow path 119. The measurement flow path 151 has a direction (also referred to as the first longitudinal direction) in which the measurement flow path 151 extends. In the example of FIG. 13, the first longitudinal direction is a direction along the -Y direction from the flow path 117 toward the flow path 119. In other words, the measurement flow path 151 extends in the -Y direction. The measurement flow path 151 is connected to the flow path 117 at the end on the +Y direction side and is connected to the flow path 119 at the end on the side opposite to the +Y direction (-Y direction side). The location where the measurement flow path 151 is connected to the flow path 117 overlaps with the region R2 in a plan view.

[0113] Here, the measurement channel 151 has a region (also referred to as the first end region) E1 located at one end in the first longitudinal direction, and a region (also referred to as the second end region) E2 located at the end opposite to the first end region E1 in the first longitudinal direction. In other words, the measurement channel 151 has the first end region E1 and the second end region E2 on both sides in the first longitudinal direction. In the example of FIG. 13, the first end region E1 is located at the end on the +Y direction side of the measurement channel 151, and the second end region E2 is located at the end on the -Y direction side of the measurement channel 151. The introduction hole 129 is connected to the first end region E1 of the measurement channel 151. Therefore, the introduction hole 129 is a hole that is connected to the measurement channel 151 and opens to the second upper surface 1a.

[0114] The measurement channel 151 is connected to the channel 117 in the first end region E1. In the example of FIG. 13, the first end region E1 of the measurement channel 151 is connected to the stirring channel 115 via the channel 117 and a part of the channel 116. The expression "the first part is connected to the second part" means a form in which the first part is directly connected to the second part in a state where fluid can flow between the first part and the second part, or a form in which the first part is connected to the second part via another part (the third part) in a state where fluid can flow between the first part and the second part. Therefore, the stirring channel 115 communicates with the first end region E1 of the measurement channel 151.

[0115] The channel 116 is interposed between the channel 117 and the reference channel 152 and is connected to the stirring channel 115 between the channel 117 and the reference channel 152. The channel 117 is interposed between the measurement channel 151 and the channel 116. The channel 118 is connected to the introduction hole 124 and is interposed between the introduction hole 124 and the reference channel 152. The channel 119 is interposed between the discharge hole 143 and the measurement channel 151 and is connected to the discharge hole 143. Therefore, the discharge hole 143 is a hole that is connected to the measurement channel 151 via the channel 119 and opens to the second lower surface 1b. More specifically, the discharge hole 143 is connected to the second end region E2 of the measurement channel 151 via the channel 119.

[0116] The stirring flow path 115 is a flow path intervening between the stirring hole 123 and the flow path 116. The stirring flow path 115 has a direction in which the stirring flow path 115 extends (also referred to as the second longitudinal direction). In the example of FIG. 13, the stirring flow path 115 is meandering. Specifically, from the stirring hole 123 toward the flow path 116, the direction in which the stirring flow path 115 extends changes in the order of the direction along the +Y direction, the +X direction, the direction along the -Y direction, the +X direction, and the direction along the +Y direction.

[0117] Here, the stirring flow path 115 has a region (also referred to as the third end region) E3 located at one end in the second longitudinal direction and a region (also referred to as the fourth end region) E4 located at the end opposite to the third end region E3 in the second longitudinal direction. In other words, the stirring flow path 115 has the third end region E3 and the fourth end region E4 on both sides in the second longitudinal direction. The stirring flow path 115 is connected to the measurement flow path 151 through a part of the flow path 116 and the flow path 117 in the third end region E3. The stirring flow path 115 is connected to the stirring hole 123 in the fourth end region E4. For this reason, the stirring hole 123 is a hole that communicates with the fourth end region E4 of the stirring flow path 115 and opens to the second upper surface 1a.

[0118] The reference flow path 152 intervenes between the flow path 116 and the flow path 118. The reference flow path 152 extends in the +Y direction, is connected to the flow path 116 on the +Y direction side thereof, and is connected to the flow path 118 on the side opposite to the +Y direction (-Y direction side). In the example of FIG. 13, both the measurement flow path 151 and the reference flow path 152 extend in the +Y direction. However, the measurement flow path 151 and the reference flow path 152 may extend in different directions from each other.

[0119] FIGS. 14 to 19 respectively show virtual cross-sections of the separation processing device 100.

[0120] The second flow path device 1 is configured, for example, in a state where a first plate-like member 11 and a second plate-like member 12 are laminated. In other words, in the examples of FIGS. 14 to 19, the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12 are in a laminated state facing in the -Z direction in this order of description. The first plate-like member 11 is a plate-like member having a first surface 11a and a second surface 11b opposite to the first surface 11a. The first surface 11a is located on the +Z direction side of the second surface 11b. The second plate-like member 12 is a plate-like member having a third surface 12a and a fourth surface 12b opposite to the third surface 12a. The third surface 12a is located on the +Z direction side of the fourth surface 12b.

[0121] A part of the third surface 12a is joined to the second surface 11b of the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12. Thereby, the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12 constitute an integral second flow path device 1. For the joining of the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12, any welding method such as ultrasonic welding, laser welding, thermal welding, or diffusion welding can be applied, for example. In the form of the second flow path device 1, the first surface 11a is the second upper surface 1a, and the fourth surface 12b is the second lower surface 1b. Each of the plurality of flow paths 1f is located between the second surface 11b and the third surface 12a. More specifically, each of the stirring flow path 115, the eight flow paths 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, the measurement flow path 151, and the reference flow path 152 is located between the second surface 11b and the third surface 12a. Each of the six introduction holes 121, 122, 124, 126, 128, 129, the two discharge holes 125, 127, and the stirring hole 123 penetrates the first plate-like member 11. Each of the three discharge holes 141, 142, 143 penetrates the second plate-like member 12.

[0122] The stirring flow path 115 extends substantially in the +Y direction, then slightly in the +X direction, then substantially in the -Y direction, then slightly in the +X direction, and further substantially in the +Y direction as it goes from the stirring hole 123 towards the flow path 116, and is connected to the flow path 116. The portion of the stirring flow path 115 that is connected to the flow path 116 is inclined with respect to the +Y direction in a form that goes towards the -X direction as it goes towards the +Y direction. The portion of the flow path 116 that is connected to the stirring flow path 115 extends in the -X direction. Here, a form is adopted in which the obtuse angle (also referred to as the first obtuse angle) formed by the flow path 116 and the stirring flow path 115 on the side of the flow path 117 is larger than the obtuse angle (also referred to as the second obtuse angle) formed by the flow path 116 and the stirring flow path 115 on the side opposite to the flow path 117. In this case, the liquid pushed out from the stirring flow path 115 towards the flow path 116 is likely to go towards the measurement flow path 151 via the flow path 117. This is because the liquid moves more easily through the flow path as the bending of the flow path is smaller.

[0123] The second flow path device 1 has four cylinders 101, 102, 103, 104 that respectively project in the +Z direction on the second upper surface 1a. The cylinder 101 is positioned in a state of surrounding the introduction hole 121 around the Z axis in a plan view. The cylinder 102 is positioned in a state of surrounding the introduction hole 122 around the Z axis in a plan view. The cylinder 103 is positioned in a state of surrounding the stirring hole 123 around the Z axis in a plan view. The cylinder 104 is positioned in a state of surrounding the introduction hole 124 around the Z axis in a plan view.

[0124] The second flow path device 1 has three cylinders 131, 132, 133 that project in the direction opposite to the +Z direction (-Z direction) on the second lower surface 1b. The cylinder 131 is positioned in a state of surrounding the discharge hole 141 around the Z axis in a plan view. The cylinder 132 is positioned in a state of surrounding the discharge hole 142 around the Z axis in a plan view. The cylinder 133 is positioned in a state of surrounding the discharge hole 143 around the Z axis in a plan view.

[0125] FIG. 20 is a plan view showing an example of the connecting member 2. In FIG. 20, the region R3 surrounded by the rectangular dashed line indicates the position where the first lower surface 3b is joined.

[0126] The connecting member 2 has five through-holes 225, 226, 227, 228, and 229. Each of the five through-holes 225, 226, 227, 228, and 229 is a hole that penetrates between the third upper surface 2a and the third lower surface 2b in the region R3. The connecting member 2 has, for example, a sheet-like form.

[0127] The through-hole 227 is connected to the discharge hole 127 and is also connected to the introduction hole 327. In other words, the through-hole 227 connects the discharge hole 127 and the introduction hole 327. For this reason, the introduction hole 327 is connected to the introduction hole 121 via the through-hole 227, the discharge hole 127, and the flow path 111 in this order.

[0128] The through-hole 225 is connected to the discharge hole 125 and is also connected to the introduction hole 325. In other words, the through-hole 225 connects the discharge hole 125 and the introduction hole 325. For this reason, the introduction hole 325 is connected to the introduction hole 122 via the through-hole 225, the discharge hole 125, and the flow path 113 in this order.

[0129] The through-hole 226 is connected to the introduction hole 126 and is also connected to the discharge hole 326. In other words, the through-hole 226 connects the discharge hole 326 and the introduction hole 126. For this reason, the discharge hole 326 is connected to the discharge hole 142 via the through-hole 226, the introduction hole 126, and the flow path 114 in this order.

[0130] The through-hole 229 is connected to the introduction hole 129 and is also connected to the discharge hole 329. In other words, the through-hole 229 connects the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 129. For this reason, the discharge hole 329 is connected to the measurement flow path 151 via the through-hole 229 and the introduction hole 129 in this order.

[0131] The through hole 228 is connected to the introduction hole 128 and is also connected to the discharge hole 328. In other words, the through hole 228 connects the discharge hole 328 and the introduction hole 128. For this reason, the discharge hole 328 is connected to the discharge hole 141 via the through hole 228, the introduction hole 128, and the flow path 112 in this order of description.

[0132] <<Schematic functional example of a flow path device>> The function of the separation processing device 100 will be roughly described below.

[0133] As described above, a liquid to be processed containing a plurality of types of particles P100 and P200 is introduced into the first flow path device 3. The first flow path device 3 separates and discharges the particles P100 to be separated from other types of particles P200.

[0134] The second flow path device 1 is used, for example, for a predetermined process on the particles P100 to be separated. As an example of this predetermined process, counting (detection of the number) of the particles P100 to be separated is adopted. From the viewpoint of this process, each of the particles P100 to be separated itself and the liquid containing the particles P100 to be separated are hereinafter also referred to as "specimens". Further, a liquid containing the particles P100 to be separated as a specific type of particle is hereinafter also referred to as a "particle-containing liquid".

[0135] The connection member 2 guides the particles P100 to be separated (more specifically, the specimen) discharged from the first flow path device 3 to the second flow path device 1.

[0136] In the second embodiment, for example, as a process of preparing to introduce the liquid to be processed into the separation processing device 100, the pretreatment liquid is introduced from the introduction hole 121. The introduction of this pretreatment liquid can contribute to the cleaning of the separation processing device 100 and the smooth movement of the liquid to be processed and the specimen in the first flow path device 3. Further, for example, when introducing the liquid to be processed into the separation processing device 100, a pressing liquid is introduced into the separation processing device 100 from the introduction hole 121. The pretreatment liquid or the pressing liquid introduced from the introduction hole 121 into the separation processing device 100 flows into the main flow path 34 via the flow path 111, the discharge hole 127, the through hole 227, the introduction hole 327, and the flow path 37 in this order of description.

[0137] Here, for example, when the pretreatment liquid or the pressing liquid is introduced from the introduction hole 121 into the separation processing device 100, a first liquid supply unit 4 for supplying the pretreatment liquid or the pressing liquid from the introduction hole 327 to the main flow path 34 via the flow path 37 can be connected to the introduction hole 121. In other words, the first liquid supply unit 4 can be connected to the introduction hole 327 via the introduction hole 121, the flow path 111, the discharge hole 127, and the through hole 227. Therefore, in the second embodiment, when connecting the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 327, by connecting the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 121, the first liquid supply unit 4 can be indirectly connected to the introduction hole 327. In this case, for example, a tube 4c for connecting the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 121 can be connected from the outside of the separation processing device 100 to the separation processing device 100. Here, connecting the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 121 by the tube 4c means making a state in which fluid can flow between the first liquid supply unit 4 and the introduction hole 121 via the tube 4c. For the connection of this tube 4c, for example, a cylinder 101 is used.

[0138] In the second embodiment, for example, when the pretreatment liquid is introduced from the introduction hole 121 into the separation processing device 100 by the first liquid supply unit 4, the pretreatment liquid can be supplied from the introduction hole 121 to the main flow path 34 at the first supply rate through the flow path 111, the discharge hole 127, the through hole 227, the introduction hole 327, and the flow path 37. In other words, for example, an operation (supply operation) of supplying the pretreatment liquid from the first liquid supply unit 4 to the main flow path 34 at the first supply rate through the introduction hole 327 can be performed.

[0139] Here, for example, when the pretreatment liquid is introduced from the introduction hole 121 into the separation processing device 100, a liquid suction unit 5 for sucking the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 can be connected to the discharge hole 142. In other words, the liquid suction unit 5 can be connected to the discharge hole 326 through the discharge hole 142, the flow path 114, the introduction hole 126, and the through hole 226. Therefore, in the second embodiment, when connecting the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 326, the liquid suction unit 5 can be indirectly connected to the discharge hole 326 by connecting the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 142. In this case, for example, a pipe 5c for connecting the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 142 can be connected from the outside of the separation processing device 100 to the separation processing device 100. Here, connecting the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 142 by the pipe 5c means making the fluid flowable between the liquid suction unit 5 and the discharge hole 142 through the pipe 5c. For the connection of this pipe 5c, for example, a cylinder 132 is used.

[0140] In the second embodiment, for example, the liquid suction unit 5 can suck the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31, the flow path 36, the discharge hole 326, the through hole 226, the introduction hole 126, the flow path 114, and the discharge hole 142 at a first suction rate equal to or lower than the first supply rate. In other words, for example, an operation (suction operation) of sucking the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 at a first suction rate equal to or lower than the first supply rate by the liquid suction unit 5 can be performed.

[0141] Also in the second embodiment, with the above configuration, for example, similar to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8 above, a step (first step) of connecting the first liquid supply unit 4 to the introduction hole 327 and connecting the liquid suction unit 5 to the discharge hole 326 can be performed. Then, for example, as shown in FIGS. 7, 9 to 11 above, while supplying the pretreatment liquid at the first supply rate toward the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 by the first liquid supply unit 4, a step (second step) of sucking the pretreatment liquid at a first suction rate equal to or lower than the first supply rate from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326 by the liquid suction unit 5 can be performed. In this second step, for example, a first region A1 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328, 329 and a second region A2 from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 can be filled with the pretreatment liquid. In this case, for example, the method for preparing the first flow path device 3 included in the separation processing device 100 includes a connection step as the first step and a pretreatment step as the second step.

[0142] More specifically, in the pretreatment step as the second step, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 by the first liquid supply unit 4 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328, 329, the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 can be started. Thereby, for example, after filling the first region A1 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328, 329 with the pretreatment liquid, the second region A2 from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 can start to be filled with the pretreatment liquid. As a result, both the first region A1 and the second region A2 in the first flow path device 3 can be quickly filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0143] In the second embodiment, for example, the liquid to be treated is introduced into the separation processing device 100 from the introduction hole 122. The liquid to be treated introduced into the separation processing device 100 from the introduction hole 122 flows into the main flow path 34 via the flow path 113, the discharge hole 125, the through hole 225, the introduction hole 325, and the flow path 35 in this order of description.

[0144] Here, for example, when the liquid to be processed is introduced from the introduction hole 122 into the separation processing device 100, a second liquid supply unit 6 for supplying the liquid to be processed to the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 325 can be connected to the introduction hole 122. In other words, the second liquid supply unit 6 can be connected to the introduction hole 325 through the introduction hole 122, the flow path 113, the discharge hole 125, and the through hole 225. Therefore, in the second embodiment, for example, when connecting the second liquid supply unit 6 to the introduction hole 325, by connecting the second liquid supply unit 6 to the introduction hole 122, the second liquid supply unit 6 can be indirectly connected to the introduction hole 325. In this case, for example, a pipe 6c for connecting the second liquid supply unit 6 to the introduction hole 122 can be connected from the outside of the separation processing device 100 to the separation processing device 100. Here, connecting the second liquid supply unit 6 to the introduction hole 122 by the pipe 6c means making the fluid flowable between the second liquid supply unit 6 and the introduction hole 122 through the pipe 6c. A cylinder 102 is used for this connection of the pipe 6c.

[0145] For example, a fluid for stirring (also referred to as a stirring fluid) flows into the separation processing device 100 from the stirring hole 123. For example, the stirring fluid flows out from the separation processing device 100 through the stirring hole 123.

[0146] Here, for example, when supplying the stirring fluid to the separation processing device 100 and discharging the stirring fluid from the separation processing device 100 through the stirring hole 123, a pipe for supplying and discharging the stirring fluid can be connected from the outside of the separation processing device 100 to the separation processing device 100. For example, a cylinder 103 can be used for this connection of the pipe.

[0147] For example, a liquid for dispersion (also referred to as a dispersion liquid) is introduced into the separation processing device 100 from the introduction hole 124.

[0148] Here, for example, when the dispersion liquid is introduced from the introduction hole 124 into the separation processing device 100, a pipe for supplying the dispersion liquid can be connected from the outside of the separation processing device 100 to the separation processing device 100. For example, the cylinder 104 can be used for this connection of the pipe.

[0149] As described above, the first flow path device 3 can separate and discharge the target particle P100 from other types of particles P200 from among the plurality of types of particles contained in the liquid to be processed.

[0150] The other type of particles P200 discharged from the discharge hole 326 in the first flow path device 3 are discharged from the discharge hole 142 of the second flow path device 1 via the through hole 226, the introduction hole 126, and the flow path 114 in this order. Specific processing may or may not be performed on the other type of particles P200 discharged from the discharge hole 142.

[0151] The target particle P100 to be separated discharged from the discharge hole 329 in the first flow path device 3 is introduced into the measurement flow path 151 of the second flow path device 1 via the through hole 229 and the introduction hole 129 in this order. The introduction hole 129 opens on the second upper surface 1a. Thus, when the separation processing device 100 is used with the second upper surface 1a facing upward and the second lower surface 1b facing downward, the sample can be easily introduced into the measurement flow path 151 through the introduction hole 129 from above.

[0152] In the second embodiment, the first flow path device 3 is positioned on the second upper surface 1a of the second flow path device 1. And a discharge hole 329 that opens in the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3 is connected to an introduction hole 129 that opens in the second upper surface 1a of the second flow path device 1. Thereby, for example, when the liquid to be processed is introduced into the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3, the liquid (also referred to as a specimen) containing the separation target particles P100 separated from the liquid to be processed in the flow path portion 30 can be supplied to the measurement flow path 151 of the second flow path device 1 through the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 129. As a result, for example, separation of the specimen from the liquid to be processed using the first flow path device 3 and a predetermined process for the separation target particles P100 using the second flow path device 1 can be efficiently performed.

[0153] The remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 328 in the first flow path device 3 is discharged from the discharge hole 141 of the second flow path device 1 via the through hole 228, the introduction hole 128, and the flow path 112 in this order. Specific processing may or may not be performed on the remaining composition discharged from the discharge hole 141.

[0154] The dispersion liquid introduced from the introduction hole 124 into the separation processing device 100 flows into the measurement flow path 151 via the flow path 118, the reference flow path 152, the flow path 116, and the flow path 117 in this order.

[0155] The dispersion liquid is a liquid for dispersing the separation target particles P100 introduced from the introduction hole 129 in the measurement flow path 151. The "dispersion" here is the antonym of the adhesion and aggregation of the separation target particles P100 to each other. The dispersion of the separation target particles P100 can contribute to the performance of a predetermined process such as counting, which was given as an example in the second embodiment, simply, accurately, or simply and accurately. The same liquid as the pressing liquid can be applied to the dispersion liquid. When the liquid to be processed is blood, PBS is adopted as an example of the dispersion liquid. A liquid in which at least one of EDTA as the second component and BSA as the third component is added to PBS may be applied to the dispersion liquid.

[0156] The stirring fluid introduced from the stirring hole 123 into the separation processing device 100 flows into the stirring flow path 115. The stirring fluid reciprocates inside the stirring flow path 115 by an external operation. As an example of the stirring fluid, air is adopted. In this case, the stirring fluid reciprocates in the stirring flow path 115 by controlling the air pressure at the stirring hole 123.

[0157] The stirring fluid is a fluid for stirring the dispersion liquid containing the particles to be separated P100 in order to promote the dispersion of the specimen in the dispersion liquid in the region from the stirring flow path 115 through the flow paths 116 and 117 to the measurement flow path 151. In other words, the stirring fluid is a fluid for stirring a liquid (particle-containing liquid) containing the particles to be separated P100 as a specific type of particle. The same liquid as the dispersion liquid and the pressing liquid may be applied to the stirring fluid. If the liquid to be processed is blood, PBS is adopted as an example of the stirring fluid. In this case, PBS reciprocates in the stirring flow path 115 due to the inflow and outflow of PBS at the stirring hole 123. If the stirring fluid reciprocates inside the stirring flow path 115, stirring between the dispersion liquid and the specimen can be promoted in at least a part of the stirring flow path 115, the flow paths 116 and 117, and the measurement flow path 151.

[0158] Here, for example, a specimen containing a specific type of particle is introduced into the region on the side of the first end region E1 in the measurement flow path 151 through the introduction hole 129. Then, by repeatedly supplying the stirring fluid to the stirring flow path 115 through the stirring hole 123 and discharging the stirring fluid from the stirring flow path 115 through the stirring hole 123, stirring between the dispersion liquid and the specimen can be promoted. Stirring between the dispersion liquid and the specimen can contribute, for example, to the dispersion of the particles to be separated P100 using the dispersion liquid. A liquid in which at least one of EDTA as the second component and BSA as the third component is added to PBS may be applied to the stirring fluid.

[0159] The specimen and the dispersion liquid flow inside the measurement flow path 151 toward the flow path 119. In addition to the specimen and the dispersion liquid, a stirring fluid may also flow inside the measurement flow path 151 toward the flow path 119. The measurement flow path 151 is used for a predetermined treatment of the particles P100 to be separated. Here, examples of the predetermined treatment include a process of measuring the number of particles P100 to be separated in the specimen located in a specific region of the measurement flow path 151 by optical measurement and the like.

[0160] After a predetermined treatment for the particles P100 to be separated is performed in the measurement flow path 151, the specimen and the dispersion liquid are discharged from the measurement flow path 151 through the flow path 119 from the discharge holes 143. The discharge holes 143 are open to the fourth surface 12b. Thereby, when the second flow path device 1 is used with the first surface 11a facing upward and the fourth surface 12b facing downward, the specimen can be easily discharged from the measurement flow path 151 through the flow path 119 from the discharge holes 143. In addition to the specimen and the dispersion liquid, the stirring fluid may also be discharged from the measurement flow path 151 through the flow path 119 from the discharge holes 143. Specific treatment may or may not be performed on the particles P100 to be separated discharged from the discharge holes 143.

[0161] For the material of the second flow path device 1 (the material forming the second flow path device 1), for example, a resin such as cycloolefin polymer (COP) is applied. If COP is adopted for the material of the second flow path device 1, the production of the second flow path device 1 with low flexibility can be realized. In this case, COP is applied to the materials of the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12. Each of the first plate-like member 11 and the second plate-like member 12 can be manufactured by resin molding or the like.

[0162] <3. Others> In each of the above embodiments, for example, in the pretreatment step as the second step, before the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge holes 328 and 329 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 by the first liquid supply unit 4, the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 may be started.

[0163] FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing another example (also referred to as the first example) of the processing flow in the preprocessing step performed in step S12 of FIG. 6 above. Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 21, in the preprocessing step performed in step S12, the processes of step S121, step S122A, step S123, step S124, and step S125 are performed in this order of description. The flowchart of FIG. 21 is based on the flowchart of FIG. 7 above, and is a flowchart in which step S122 is changed to step S122A.

[0164] This preprocessing step can be realized, for example, by the control of the first liquid supply unit 4 and the liquid suction unit 5 by the control unit 7. FIG. 22 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the state of the first flow path device 3 in the first stage of the preprocessing step according to the first example. In FIG. 22, similar to FIG. 10 above, the outer edge of the first flow path device 3 is omitted, and the outer edges of the flow path portions 30, the two introduction holes 325, 327, and the three discharge holes 326, 328, 329 are drawn with solid lines. Also, in FIG. 22, similar to FIG. 10 above, the region where the preprocessing liquid exists is shown by hatching using upward-slanting diagonal lines. Further, in FIG. 22, similar to FIG. 10 above, the direction in which the preprocessing liquid flows is shown by an arrow drawn with a thin two-dot chain line.

[0165] In step S122A of FIG. 21, it is determined whether or not the preprocessing liquid has reached all of the plurality of connection portions C1 to which the plurality of branch flow paths 31 in the main flow path 34 are respectively connected. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether or not the first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or whether or not the supply amount of the preprocessing liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached the first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The first predetermined time and the first predetermined amount can be set according to the results of, for example, experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3.

[0166] For example, the determination in step S122A is repeated until the pretreatment liquid reaches all of the plurality of connection portions C1. Here, for example, the determination in step S122A is repeated until a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or until the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 reaches a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4.

[0167] Then, for example, if the pretreatment liquid reaches all of the plurality of connection portions C1, the process proceeds to step S123. Here, for example, if a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or if the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S123.

[0168] At this time, as shown in FIG. 22, in the flow path portion 30, the region from the introduction hole 327 to the connection portion C1d on the most downstream side (also referred to as the most downstream connection portion) among the plurality of connection portions C1 of the main flow path 34 is filled with the pretreatment liquid. For example, the state where the region from the introduction hole 327 to the most downstream connection portion C1d of the main flow path 34 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where there are no bubbles or air to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not divided in the region from the introduction hole 327 to the most downstream connection portion C1d of the main flow path 34.

[0169] In this case, in step S123, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 to all of the plurality of connection portions C1 in the main flow path 34 by the first liquid supply unit 4, the liquid suction unit 5 starts the suction operation. Even if such a configuration is adopted, for example, each of the plurality of branch flow paths 31 can start to be filled with the pretreatment liquid immediately after the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5. Therefore, for example, each relatively narrow branch flow path 31 in the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be quickly filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0170] Also, for example, the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 may be started at an arbitrary timing after the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4 is started, or at the timing when the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4 is started. In other words, for example, in the pretreatment step, while supplying the pretreatment liquid at the first supply rate toward the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327 by the first liquid supply unit 4, the liquid suction unit 5 sucks the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge holes 326 at the first suction rate, so that the first region A1 and the second region A2 may be filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0171] Even if such a configuration is adopted, in the flow path portion 30, the pretreatment liquid easily flows into the flow paths 35, 38, 39 having a larger width than the plurality of branch flow paths 31 from the main flow path 34, and the pretreatment liquid is forcibly flowed into each branch flow path 31 having a smaller width than the other flow paths 35, 38, 39 from the main flow path 34 by the suction operation of the liquid suction unit 5. Thereby, for example, each relatively narrow branch flow path 31 in the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be quickly filled with the pretreatment liquid by the liquid suction unit 5 such as a pump connected to the discharge hole 326. Therefore, for example, each relatively narrow branch flow path 31 in the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be easily filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0172] FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing another example (also referred to as the second example) of the processing flow in the pretreatment step performed in step S12 of FIG. 6 above. Here, as shown in FIG. 23, in the pretreatment step performed in step S12, for example, the processes from step Sp121 to step Sp123 are performed in this described order. This pretreatment step can be realized, for example, by the control of the first liquid supply unit 4 and the liquid suction unit 5 by the control unit 7.

[0173] In step Sp121, a supply operation is started to supply the pretreatment liquid from the first liquid supply unit 4 toward the main flow path 34 through the introduction hole 327, and a suction operation is started to suck the pretreatment liquid from the main flow path 34 by the liquid suction unit 5 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326. Thereby, while the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the first liquid supply unit 4 toward the main flow path 34 at the first supply rate through the introduction hole 327, the pretreatment liquid is sucked from the main flow path 34 by the liquid suction unit 5 at the first suction rate through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 and the discharge hole 326.

[0174] In step Sp122, it is determined whether the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and whether the pretreatment liquid has reached all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether a third predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The third predetermined time can be set according to, for example, the results of experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3.

[0175] For example, the determination in step Sp122 is repeated until the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and the pretreatment liquid reaches all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3. Here, for example, the determination in step Sp122 is repeated until a third predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4.

[0176] And, for example, if the flow path portion 30 is filled with the pretreatment liquid and the pretreatment liquid reaches all the holes 32 of the first flow path device 3, the process proceeds to step Sp123. Here, for example, if a third predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 or the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step Sp123. At this time, a first region A1 from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329, and a second region A2 from the main flow path 34 through the plurality of branch flow paths 31 to the discharge hole 326 are filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0177] In step Sp123, the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4 and the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 are stopped.

[0178] In each of the above embodiments, for example, as shown in FIG. 24, the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 may not include the flow path 38 as the seventh flow path and the discharge hole 328 as the third discharge hole. FIG. 24 is a plan view schematically showing another example of the configuration of the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 in the first flow path device 3. In FIG. 24, the outer edge of the first flow path device 3 is omitted, and the outer edges of the flow path portion 30, the two introduction holes 325 and 327, and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 are drawn with solid lines. Here, for example, the flow path 39 as the fifth flow path may extend along the -Y direction as the first direction, similar to the main flow path 34. For example, the main flow path 34 may include the flow path 39 as the fifth flow path.

[0179] Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 25, the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 may not have the flow path 38 as the seventh flow path, the discharge hole 328 as the third discharge hole, the flow path 35 as the fourth flow path, and the introduction hole 325 as the second introduction hole. FIG. 25 is a plan view schematically showing another example of the configuration of the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 in the first flow path device 3. In FIG. 25, the outer edge of the first flow path device 3 is omitted, and the outer edges of the flow path portion 30, the introduction hole 325, and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 are drawn with solid lines. Here, for example, the introduction hole 327 as the first introduction hole may be used for both the supply of the pretreatment liquid and the supply of the liquid to be treated. For example, after the completion of the pretreatment step, the second liquid supply unit 6 may be connected to the introduction hole 327. For example, the flow path 37 as the third flow path and the flow path 39 as the fifth flow path may extend along the -Y direction as the first direction, similar to the main flow path 34. For example, the main flow path 34 may include the flow path 37 as the third flow path or the flow path 39 as the fifth flow path.

[0180] Here, when the first flow path device 3 has a flow path portion 30 and a plurality of holes 32 having the configurations illustrated in FIGS. 24 or 25, for example, in a pretreatment step as the second step, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the discharge hole 329 by the first liquid supply unit 4, an aspect of starting the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 may be adopted. Here, for example, in step S122, it is determined whether the pretreatment liquid has reached the discharge hole 329. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or whether the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The first predetermined time and the first predetermined amount can be set according to, for example, the results of experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3. Thereby, for example, each relatively narrow branch flow path 31 in the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 can be easily filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0181] In this case, in step S12 of the pretreatment step, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 329. Here, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until a first predetermined time elapses since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or until the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 reaches a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. Then, for example, if the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 329, the process proceeds to step S123. Here, for example, if a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or if the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S123. At this time, a first region A1, which is a region from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the discharge hole 329, can be filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0182] For example, when the discharge hole 329 is included in the first region A1, the state in which the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state in which bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and each hole 32 of the first region A1. For example, when the discharge hole 329 is not included in the first region A1, the state in which the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state in which bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and the introduction hole 327 of the first region A1.

[0183] Here, when the first flow path device 3 has the flow path portion 30 and the plurality of holes 32 having the configuration illustrated in FIG. 24, for example, in the pretreatment step as the second step, after the pretreatment liquid is supplied from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325 by the first liquid supply unit 4, an aspect of starting the suction operation by the liquid suction unit 5 may be adopted. Here, for example, in step S122, it may be determined whether or not the pretreatment liquid has reached the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether or not a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or whether or not the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The first predetermined time and the first predetermined amount can be set according to the results of, for example, experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3.

[0184] In this case, in step S12 of the pretreatment process, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325. Here, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until the first predetermined time elapses from the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or until the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 reaches the first predetermined amount from the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. Then, for example, if the pretreatment liquid reaches the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325, the process proceeds to step S123. Here, for example, if the first predetermined time elapses from the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or if the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 reaches the first predetermined amount from the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S123. At this time, the first region A1, which is the region from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325, can be filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0185] For example, when the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325 are included in the first region A1, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not divided in each flow path and each hole 32 of the first region A1. For example, when the discharge hole 329 and the introduction hole 325 are not included in the first region A1, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not divided in each flow path and the introduction hole 327 of the first region A1.

[0186] In each of the above embodiments, for example, in step S122, it may be determined whether the pretreatment liquid has reached the two discharge holes 328 and 329 and the introduction hole 325. This determination can be realized, for example, in the control unit 7 by determining whether a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or whether the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. The first predetermined time and the first predetermined amount can be set according to the results of, for example, experiments using the first flow path device 3 or simulations related to the first flow path device 3.

[0187] In this case, in step S12 of the pretreatment process, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until the pretreatment liquid reaches the two discharge holes 328 and 329 and the introduction hole 325. Here, for example, the determination in step S122 is repeated until a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or until the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4. Then, for example, if the pretreatment liquid reaches the two discharge holes 328 and 329 and the introduction hole 325, the process proceeds to step S123. Here, for example, if a first predetermined time has elapsed since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, or if the supply amount of the pretreatment liquid by the first liquid supply unit 4 has reached a first predetermined amount since the start of the supply operation by the first liquid supply unit 4, the process proceeds to step S123. At this time, the first region A1, which is the region from the introduction hole 327 through the main flow path 34 to the two discharge holes 328 and 329 and the introduction hole 325, is filled with the pretreatment liquid.

[0188] For example, when the first region A1 includes two discharge holes 328 and 329 and an introduction hole 325, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and each hole 32 of the first region A1. For example, when the first region A1 does not include two discharge holes 328 and 329 and an introduction hole 325, the state where the first region A1 is filled with the pretreatment liquid may include a state where bubbles or air are present to such an extent that the pretreatment liquid is not segmented in each flow path and the introduction hole 327 of the first region A1.

[0189] In each of the above embodiments, for example, if the first supply rate is greater than the first suction rate, the flow path portion 30 can be filled with the pretreatment liquid more rapidly.

[0190] In the first embodiment described above, for example, at least one of the two introduction holes 325 and 327 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329 may not open to the first lower surface 3b and may open to the first upper surface 3a. In other words, for example, each of the two introduction holes 325 and 327 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329 may open to either one of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b. Further, in the first embodiment described above, it has a set of introduction holes 325 and a flow path 35 as an introduction portion of the liquid to be processed, and has a set of introduction holes 327 and a flow path 37 as an introduction portion of the pressing liquid, but either or both of the introduction portions may be two or more sets. In this case, each introduction portion may be connected to the main flow path 34 in an appropriate relationship within the range where the first flow path device 3 functions as a separation device.

[0191] In the first embodiment described above, in an example of the first flow path device 3 shown in FIG. 24 above, for example, at least one of the two introduction holes 325 and 327 and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 may not open to the first lower surface 3b and may open to the first upper surface 3a. In other words, for example, each of the two introduction holes 325 and 327 and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 may open to either one of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b.

[0192] In the above-described first embodiment, in an example of the first flow path device 3 shown in FIG. 25 above, for example, at least one of the introduction hole 327 and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 may not open to the first lower surface 3b and may open to the first upper surface 3a. In other words, for example, each of the introduction hole 327 and the two discharge holes 326 and 329 may open to either one of the first upper surface 3a and the first lower surface 3b.

[0193] In the above-described first embodiment, for example, the flow path portion 30 of the first flow path device 3 is not limited to a flow path portion that separates a specific component in the liquid to be processed, and may be a flow path portion having a configuration that mixes a plurality of liquids.

[0194] In the above-described second embodiment, for example, the flow path portion 30 may be a groove-shaped flow path that does not open on the first upper surface 3a and opens on the first lower surface 3b. In this case, in the first flow path device 3, the first lower surface 3b is in contact with the third upper surface 2a except at the locations where the two introduction holes 325 and 327, the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329, and the flow path portion 30 are respectively located. No fluid moves between the first lower surface 3b and the third upper surface 2a at the position where they are in contact. The flow path portion 30 is used for fluid movement in cooperation with the third upper surface 2a. Here, for example, the first flow path device 3 may be a device having a configuration including the connection member 2. In this case, for example, the flow path portion 30 does not open on the outer surface of the first flow path device 3 due to the presence of the connection member 2. Also, here, for example, the introduction hole 327 as the first introduction hole may include the through hole 227. For example, the introduction hole 325 as the second introduction hole may include the through hole 225. For example, the discharge hole 329 as the first discharge hole may include the through hole 229. For example, the discharge hole 326 as the second discharge hole may include the through hole 226. For example, the discharge hole 328 as the third discharge hole may include the through hole 228. In this case, for example, each of the two introduction holes 325 and 327 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, and 329 communicates with the flow path portion 30 and opens on the outer surface of the first flow path device 3.

[0195] Here, for example, a configuration that is difficult to bend is applied to the connection member 2 and the first flow path device 3. For example, when the first flow path device 3 made of PDMS and the connection member 2 made of silicone resin are adopted, both the first flow path device 3 and the connection member 2 are highly flexible. If COP is adopted as the material of the second flow path device 1, the flexibility of the second flow path device 1 is reduced, and the function of the first flow path device 3 is less likely to be impaired. Here, for example, even when it is difficult to directly bond the material of the second flow path device 1 and the material of the first flow path device 3, the second flow path device 1 and the first flow path device 3 can be easily bonded via the connection member 2.

[0196] In the above-described second embodiment, for example, the second flow path device 1 may have at least the measurement flow path 151 among the plurality of flow paths 1f. In this case, for example, the first flow path device 3 may not be laminated on the second flow path device 1, and the discharge hole 329 of the first flow path device 3 and the introduction hole 129 of the second flow path device 1 may be connected via a tube or the like. In the first flow path device 3, the liquid to be processed may be introduced into the introduction hole 325 via a tube 6c or the like, and the pressing liquid may be introduced into the introduction hole 327 via a tube 4c or the like. In the first flow path device 3, other types of particles P200 may be discharged from the discharge hole 326 via a tube 5c or the like, or the remaining composition excluding the other types of particles P200 and the separation target particles P100 in the liquid to be processed may be discharged from the discharge hole 328 via a tube or the like.

[0197] In the above-described second embodiment, for example, the measurement flow path 151 may be directly connected to the discharge hole 143 without communicating with the discharge hole 143 via the flow path 119. In other words, the discharge hole 143 may be directly connected to the second end region E2 of the measurement flow path 151. Even if this configuration is adopted, the discharge hole 143 is in a state of communicating with the second end region E2 of the measurement flow path 151.

[0198] In the above-described second embodiment, for example, the first flow path device 3 may not be disposed via the connecting member 2 on the second flow path device 1. In this case, for example, the first lower surface 3b of the first flow path device 3 may be in contact with the second upper surface 1a of the second flow path device 1. Also, for example, the three introduction holes 126, 128, 129 and the two discharge holes 125, 127 of the second flow path device 1 and the three discharge holes 326, 328, 329 and the two introduction holes 325, 327 of the first flow path device 3 may be connected via a tube or the like. Here, for example, the introduction hole 129 may open on either the second upper surface 1a or the second lower surface 1b.

[0199] In the above-described second embodiment, for example, the stirring hole 123 may not open on the first surface 11a which is the second upper surface 1a, and may open on the fourth surface 12b which is the second lower surface 1b.

[0200] In the second embodiment described above, for example, when optical measurement of the particles P100 to be separated is performed as an example of a predetermined process, an optical measurement device in which an optical sensor unit is added to the separation processing device 100 may be employed. In this case, for example, an optical sensor having a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit may be applied to the optical sensor unit. As the light emitting unit, a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD) is applied. As the light receiving unit, for example, a light receiving element such as a photodiode (PD) may be applied. As the light receiving element, for example, an element having a semiconductor region of a second conductivity type in the surface layer portion near the upper surface of a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type is applied. As the light emitting element, for example, an element having a plurality of semiconductor layers stacked on the above semiconductor substrate may be applied. Here, a configuration may be adopted in which the light emitted from the light emitting unit passes through the specimen in the measurement channel 151 and is received by the light receiving unit. Also, the light emitted from the light emitting unit may pass through the dispersion liquid in the reference channel 152 and be received by the light receiving unit. The light emitting unit and the light receiving unit in the optical sensor unit may be elements integrally formed on one semiconductor substrate as described above, or may be elements in which a light emitting element and a light receiving element are integrally arranged on one substrate. By integrally providing the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit as the optical sensor unit on one substrate, the optical sensor unit can be miniaturized, the focal length of the optical sensor unit can be shortened, and measurement can be accurately performed even on a minute region. The optical sensor unit may be movably held by an actuator or the like between a position facing the measurement channel 151 and a position facing the reference channel 152. The optical measurement device may have a control unit that controls the operation of the optical sensor unit. The control unit may be able to control the operation of the actuator that moves the optical sensor unit. The control unit may receive a signal output by the light receiving unit in response to light reception and perform various arithmetic processes according to this signal. The function of this control unit may be included in the control unit 7.

[0201] In each of the above embodiments, for example, the widths of the five flow paths 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39 do not have to be constant from upstream to downstream. For example, the flow path 35 may have a portion where the width continuously or stepwise decreases as it approaches the main flow path 34 from the introduction hole 325. For example, the flow path 37 may have a portion where the width continuously or stepwise decreases as it approaches the main flow path 34 from the introduction hole 327. For example, the flow path 38 may have a portion where the width continuously or stepwise increases as it approaches the discharge hole 328 from the main flow path 34. For example, the flow path 39 may have a portion where the width continuously or stepwise increases as it approaches the discharge hole 329 from the main flow path 34.

[0202] In each of the above embodiments, the material of the second flow path device 1 may be an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate (PC), or a COP. For example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is applied to the acrylic resin.

[0203] In each of the above embodiments, for example, the liquid to be processed may be a liquid containing a plurality of types of particles other than blood. In this case, for example, various liquids adapted to the liquid to be processed can be applied to the pretreatment liquid, the pressing liquid, the dispersion liquid, and the stirring fluid. For example, water or the like can be applied to the various liquids.

[0204] It goes without saying that all or part of each of the above embodiments and various examples can be combined as appropriate within a non - conflicting range.

Explanation of Signs

[0205] 3 First flow path device 30 Flow path section 31 Branch flow path 312 Second downstream section 32 Hole 325, 327 Introduction holes 326, 328, 329 discharge holes 34 main flow path 341 first upstream part 342 first downstream part 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 flow paths 4 first liquid supply part 5 liquid suction part A1 first region A2 second region C1 connection part C1d most downstream connection part P100 particles to be separated P200 other types of particles

Claims

1. A method for preparing a flow path device, comprising: a flow path portion that is not open on the outer surface; and a plurality of holes that communicate with the flow path portion and are each open on the outer surface, wherein the flow path portion includes a first flow path and a plurality of second flow paths that are each connected to the first flow path and are narrower than the first flow path, and the plurality of holes include a first introduction hole that communicates with a first upstream portion of the first flow path, a first discharge hole that communicates with a first downstream portion of the first flow path, and a second discharge hole that communicates with a second downstream portion of each of the plurality of second flow paths on the side opposite to the first flow path, a first step of connecting a liquid supply portion for supplying liquid to the first flow path through the first introduction hole to the first introduction hole, and connecting a liquid suction portion for sucking the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole to the second discharge hole; a second step of filling a first region extending from the first introduction hole through the first flow path to the first discharge hole and a second region extending from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths to the second discharge hole with the liquid by supplying the liquid to the first flow path through the first introduction hole at a first supply rate by the liquid supply portion while sucking the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole at a first suction rate that is equal to or lower than the first supply rate by the liquid suction portion.

2. The method for preparing a flow path device according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, after the liquid is supplied by the liquid supply portion through the first introduction hole to all of a plurality of connection portions to which the plurality of second flow paths are respectively connected in the first flow path, a suction operation of sucking the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole is started by the liquid suction portion.

3. The method for preparing a flow path device according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein in the second step, after the liquid is supplied by the liquid supply portion from the first introduction hole through the first flow path to the first discharge hole, a suction operation of sucking the liquid from the first flow path through the plurality of second flow paths and the second discharge hole is started by the liquid suction portion.

4. The method for preparing a flow path device according to claim 1 or claim 2, The plurality of holes includes a second introduction hole communicating with the first upstream portion. The first flow path is a linear flow path extending along a first direction. Each of the plurality of second flow paths opens on a side surface in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction between the first upstream portion and the first downstream portion in the first flow path. A method for preparing a flow path device, wherein the flow path portion connects the first introduction hole and the first upstream portion, and a third flow path whose portion connected to the first upstream portion opens on a side surface opposite to the second direction in the first flow path, and a fourth flow path that connects the second introduction hole and the first upstream portion and whose portion connected to the first upstream portion extends along the first direction.

5. A method for preparing a flow path device according to claim 4, The plurality of holes includes a third discharge hole communicating with the first downstream portion. A method for preparing a flow path device, wherein the flow path portion connects the first discharge hole and the first downstream portion, and includes a fifth flow path whose portion connected to the first downstream portion opens on a side surface in the second direction of the first downstream portion.

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