Information Processing Apparatus, Information Processing Method, Terminal Device, Base Station Device, and Program

Abstract

This information processing device is provided with: an acquisition unit (551) that acquires information regarding a communication environment; and a determination unit (552) that uses the information regarding the communication environment as a basis to determine a mode to be used from among a first mode in which a communication parameter is determined on the basis of a measurement result in which a reference signal is used, a second mode in which the communication parameter is determined on the basis of a learning result of machine learning in which information regarding known communication is used, and a third mode in which the communication parameter is determined by the first mode and / or the second mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, a terminal device, a base station device, and a program.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, in wireless communication, a technique for improving communication quality by using a smart antenna technique such as MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output) communication is known. Further, by using such a technique, expectations for vehicle communication, so-called V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication, are increasing in order to realize, for example, automatic driving of a vehicle.

[0003] Note that since a vehicle moves, the surrounding situation changes at any time. For this reason, a technique that enables selection of communication parameters according to the changing surrounding situation has also been proposed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, in wireless communication, reduction of overhead is very important for performance improvement such as system throughput. For example, in multiple antenna communication such as MIMO communication, the overhead of reference signals, control information, etc. used for channel estimation increases in proportion to the number of antennas. Further, in recent years, Massive MIMO communication that performs high-capacity communication using a large number of antennas has also started to be standardized, and there is concern about a further increase in overhead.

[0006] Therefore, the present disclosure proposes an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, a terminal device, a base station device, and a program capable of reducing overhead in wireless communication.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, an information processing apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an acquisition unit that acquires information related to a communication environment, a first mode that determines communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode that determines the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information related to known communication, and a determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on the information related to the communication environment among a third mode that determines the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each of the following embodiments, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0010] Also, in this specification and the drawings, there are cases where a plurality of components having substantially the same functional configuration are distinguished by attaching different numbers after the same reference numeral. For example, a plurality of configurations having substantially the same functional configuration are distinguished as the base station apparatuses 201 and 202 as needed. However, when it is not necessary to particularly distinguish each of a plurality of components having substantially the same functional configuration, only the same reference numeral is attached. For example, when it is not necessary to particularly distinguish the base station apparatuses 201 and 202, they are simply referred to as the base station apparatus 20.

[0011] Also, the present disclosure will be described in accordance with the item order shown below. 1. First 1-1. Overall picture of V2X communication 1-2. V2X use cases 1-3. V2X operation scenarios 1-4. Outline of this embodiment 1-5. Operation scenario of this embodiment 2. Configuration of the information processing system 2-1. Overall configuration of the information processing system 2-2. Configuration of the management device 2-3. Configuration of the base station device (Network) 2-4. Configuration of the base station device (Infrastructure) 2-5. Configuration of the terminal device 3. Operation of the information processing system 3-1. Regarding the execution entity of the mode switching process 3-2. Regarding the case where the terminal device is the execution entity of the mode switching process 3-3. Regarding the case where the base station device is the execution entity of the mode switching process 3-4. Regarding the collection of information necessary for mode determination 3-5. Regarding the execution conditions, etc. of the mode switching process 3-6. Regarding the mode determination notification between the base station and the terminal 3-7. Regarding the operation of each mode 3-8. Regarding the setting change of the terminal-side setting information according to the determined mode 3-9. Regarding the verification of the communication result 4. Examples 4-1. Example 1 4-2. Example 2 5. Variations 5-1. Variations related to machine learning 5-2. Other variations 6. Conclusion

[0012] <<1. First>> Conventionally, a mobile communication system has provided a communication function for mobile terminals such as mobile phones and smartphones. However, in recent years, it has become important for a mobile communication system to support communication for different types of mobile bodies such as automobiles, drones, and robots, which are different from mobile terminals.

[0013] For example, in recent years, a mobile communication system has been required to support V2X communication as communication for automobiles. Examples of communication for automobiles include vehicle-to-roadside communication realized by an intelligent transportation system (ITS) and vehicle-to-vehicle communication realized by sidelink communication. These communication technologies may become important technologies for realizing future autonomous driving.

[0014] Here, V2X communication is communication between a vehicle and "something". FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining V2X communication. Examples of "something" here include a vehicle, infrastructure, a network, a pedestrian, etc. Communication between vehicles is called V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communication. Also, communication between a vehicle and infrastructure is called V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication. Also, communication between a vehicle and a network is called V2N (Vehicle-to-Network) communication. Also, communication between a vehicle and a pedestrian is called V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian) communication.

[0015] <1-1. Overall Image of V2X Communication> Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of the overall picture of V2X communication. In the example of Figure 2, the cloud server has the function of a V2X APP server (Application Server). The cloud server is connected to the core network via a network such as the Internet. The core network is composed of devices having the control function of V2X communication. A plurality of base stations are connected to the core network. The base station has a function of performing wireless communication with a terminal device (Vehicle in the example of Figure 2) (for example, a Uu link connection function using the Uu interface). In addition, the base station has a function of supporting direct communication such as V2V communication and V2P communication (for example, sidelink communication). Note that on the road, an RSU (Road Side Unit) is arranged as infrastructure. As the RSU, two types are conceivable: a base station type RSU and a UE (User Equipment) type RSU. The RSU has, for example, a V2X APP providing function, a data relay function, and the like.

[0016] <1-2.V2X Use Case> As wireless communication for automobiles, mainly the development of DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) based on 802.11p has been promoted so far. However, in recent years, the standardization of "LTE-based V2X", which is in-vehicle communication based on LTE (Long Term Evolution), has been carried out. In LTE-based V2X communication, the exchange of basic safety messages and the like is supported. In recent years, in order to further improve V2X communication, the study of NR V2X communication using 5G technology (NR: New Radio) has been carried out.

[0017] Figure 3 is a diagram showing examples of use cases for V2X communication. Use cases for V2V communication include forward collision warning, intersection collision prevention, emergency vehicle warning, platooning, overtaking cancellation warning, road work warning, etc. Use cases for V2I communication include notification of road safety information, signal cooperation, parking lot assistance, charging, etc. Use cases for V2P communication include warning of vulnerable road users, etc. Use cases for V2N communication include dynamic map sharing, remote driving, and in-company entertainment.

[0018] NR V2X communication supports new use cases that require high reliability, low latency, high-speed communication, and high capacity, which were not supported by LTE-based V2X. In the example of Figure 3, for example, the provision of dynamic maps and remote driving are included. In addition to this, sensor data sharing in which sensor data is exchanged between vehicles and between vehicles and roadside units, and platooning use cases for platooning are included. These use cases and requirements of NR V2X communication are described in 3GPP TR22.886, etc. The following (1) to (4) are simple explanations of some use cases.

[0019] (1) Vehicles Platoonning Platooning is a use case for NR V2X communication. Platooning means that multiple vehicles travel in the same direction in a platoon. Information for controlling platooning is exchanged between the vehicle leading the platoon and other vehicles. NR V2X communication is used for this information exchange. By exchanging information using NR V2X communication, it becomes possible to reduce the inter-vehicle distance during platooning.

[0020] (2) Extended Sensors As a use case of NR V2X communication, the exchange of sensor-related information (raw data before data processing or processed data) can be mentioned. Sensor information is collected through local sensors, live video images between surrounding vehicles, RSUs, pedestrians, V2X application servers, etc. Through these information exchanges, vehicles can obtain information that cannot be obtained from their own sensor information, and it becomes possible to recognize / understand a wider range of environments. In this use case, since a large amount of information needs to be exchanged, high data rates are required for communication.

[0021] (3)Advanced Driving As a use case of NR V2X communication, semi-autonomous driving and fully autonomous driving can be mentioned. The RSU shares the perception / recognition information obtained from its own sensors, etc. with surrounding vehicles. Thereby, each vehicle can adjust while synchronizing and coordinating the vehicle's trajectory and operation. By using NR V2X communication, each vehicle can also share its driving intention and will with surrounding vehicles.

[0022] (4)Remote Driving As a use case of NR V2X communication, remote operation by a remote operator or a V2X application can be mentioned. Remote operation is used, for example, for people who cannot drive or for dangerous areas. It is also possible to use cloud computing-based operation for public transportation where the route and the road to travel are somewhat determined. In this use case, high reliability and low transmission delay are required for communication.

[0023] Note that the above-mentioned use cases are just examples. The use cases of V2X communication in this embodiment may be other use cases.

[0024] <1-3.V2X Operation Scenario> Next, an example of a V2X communication operation scenario will be described. In V2N communication, the communication between the base station and the terminal was simple with only DL / UL communication, but in V2V communication, various communication paths can be considered. In the following description, each scenario will be explained using an example of V2V communication, but the same communication operations can also be applied to V2P and V2I. In that case, the communication destination is not a vehicle but a pedestrian or an RSU.

[0025] (1) Scenario 1 Figure 4 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 1. In Scenario 1, vehicles communicate directly with each other using sidelink communication. A sidelink is a communication link between terminals such as PC5. In addition to PC5, a sidelink may also be referred to as a V2V communication link, a V2P communication link, a V2I communication link, etc. In the example of Figure 4, vehicles are communicating directly using sidelink communication without going through a radio access network. In the example of Figure 4, E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) is shown as the radio access network, but the radio access network is not limited to E-UTRAN.

[0026] (2) Scenario 2 Figure 5 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 2. In Scenario 2, vehicles communicate with each other through a radio access network. In the example of Figure 5, data is being transmitted from one vehicle to multiple vehicles. In Figure 5, Uu indicates the Uu interface. The Uu interface is a radio interface between the terminal and the base station. UL indicates the uplink and DL indicates the downlink. In the example of Figure 5 as well, E-UTRAN is shown as the radio access network, but the radio access network is not limited to E-UTRAN.

[0027] (3) Scenario 3 FIG. 6 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 3. In Scenario 3, vehicles communicate with each other via an RSU and a radio access network. Also in the example of FIG. 6, data is transmitted from one vehicle to multiple vehicles. In the example of FIG. 6, one vehicle and the RSU are connected by sidelink communication. Also in the example of FIG. 6, E-UTRAN is shown as the radio access network, but the radio access network is not limited to E-UTRAN.

[0028] (4) Scenario 4 FIG. 7 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 4. In Scenario 4, vehicles communicate with each other via an RSU and a radio access network. In the example of FIG. 7, multiple vehicles and the RSU are connected by sidelink communication. Also in the example of FIG. 7, E-UTRAN is shown as the radio access network, but the radio access network is not limited to E-UTRAN.

[0029] (5) Scenario 5 FIG. 8 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 5. In Scenario 5, vehicles communicate with each other via an RSU without going through a radio access network. The RSU shown in FIG. 8 is a fixed-station type RSU.

[0030] (6) Scenario 6 FIG. 9 is an example of V2V communication according to Scenario 6. In Scenario 6, vehicles communicate with each other via an RSU without going through a radio access network. The RSU shown in FIG. 9 is a mobile-station type RSU.

[0031] <1-4. Overview of the Present Embodiment> By the way, in wireless communication including V2X communication, reduction of overhead is very important for performance improvement such as system throughput. For example, in multi-antenna communication such as MIMO communication, the overhead of reference signals, control information, etc. used for channel estimation increases in proportion to the number of antennas. Also, in recent years, Massive MIMO communication that performs high-capacity communication using a large number of antennas has begun to be standardized, and there is concern about a further increase in overhead.

[0032] For example, conventionally, as a method for measuring a wireless communication environment using a reference signal and controlling wireless communication parameters based on the measurement, the Measurement-based method is known.

[0033] In the Measurement-based method, for example, regarding "transmission power control", power measurement is performed on the receiving side and feedback is sent to the transmitting side. Then, the transmitting side performs transmission power control using the feedback from the receiving side.

[0034] Also, regarding "transmission timing", the receiving side measures the packet reception timing and feeds back the propagation delay to the transmitting side. Then, the transmitting side advances the timing by the amount of the propagation delay to match the reception timing at the receiving point.

[0035] Also, regarding "MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme)" and "resource allocation", the receiving side performs CSI (Channel State Information) measurement and feeds back to the transmitting side. Then, the transmitting side performs MCS change and resource allocation based on the feedback.

[0036] Also, regarding "MIMO precoding", the receiving side performs PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indicator), and CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) measurements to determine the weights. Also, indicators such as LI (Layer Indicator) and CRI (CSI-RS-Resource Indicator) may be considered. Measurement using CSI-RS (Channel Status Indication Reference Signal) may also be used. It is also applicable to beamforming.

[0037] Also, regarding "handover", the terminal device performs RRM (Radio Resource Management) measurements and event triggers. Then, the base station makes a HO (Hand Over) decision.

[0038] In this way, in wireless communication parameter control that relies only on measurement, many reference signals used for various measurements are required, increasing the overhead.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to reduce the overhead in wireless communication, attention was paid to the correlation according to the position of the propagation path characteristics between transmission and reception. Specifically, for example, in an area where the wireless communication environment is limited, the propagation path characteristics between transmission and reception have a certain degree of correlation according to the position.

[0040] Therefore, in this embodiment, such correlation information is learned by machine learning, and based on such learning results, appropriate wireless communication parameters are determined according to the terminal position. Although the determination of wireless communication parameters by such machine learning is effective, it is also conceivable that there are cases where the estimation accuracy deteriorates if only relying on it.

[0041] Therefore, in this embodiment, a hybrid type of wireless communication parameter determination using both the measurement base using existing reference signals and the machine learning (ML: Machine Learning) base is performed.

[0042] Note that examples of areas with limited wireless communication environments include roads, indoors, factories, wireless backhaul, etc., where the communication quality between transmission and reception depends greatly on the positions of the respective base station terminals. Therefore, in this embodiment, as a scenario that satisfies the conditions of a limited wireless communication environment and the ability to grasp terminal position information, communication between base station terminals in V2X communication will be cited and described below. However, this embodiment is not limited to V2X communication and can be applied to all wireless communications such as communication between base station terminals or direct communication between terminals. In addition, it can be applied to all wireless access systems such as not only cellular communication but also wireless LAN (Local Area Network) communication.

[0043] <1-5. Operational Scenario of this Embodiment> FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an operational scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, a road environment is assumed. Here, as shown in FIG. 10, a scenario is used in which two buildings are arranged beside the road and a base station device is arranged at a position 5 m above the ground of one of the buildings. A two-lane road is arranged between the two buildings, and it is assumed that passenger cars and trucks travel on such a road.

[0044] <<2. Configuration of Information Processing System>> Hereinafter, the information processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The information processing system 1 is a mobile communication system including a plurality of communication devices (base station devices, terminal devices) capable of determining wireless communication parameters based on Measurement and / or ML.

[0045] The information processing system 1 is a wireless communication system that uses a predetermined radio access technology (RAT). For example, the information processing system 1 is a cellular communication system that uses wireless access technologies such as W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000), LTE (Long Term Evolution), and NR (New Radio). At this time, the cellular communication system is not limited to a mobile phone communication system and may be, for example, an ITS. Note that the information processing system 1 is not limited to a cellular communication system and may be other wireless communication systems such as a wireless LAN system, an aviation wireless system, and a space wireless communication system.

[0046] The information processing system 1 provides a function of executing application processing (for example, an edge function) for a terminal device via a wireless network that uses wireless access technologies such as LTE and NR. LTE and NR are types of cellular communication technologies, and mobile communication of the terminal device is enabled by arranging a plurality of areas covered by a base station device in a cell shape.

[0047] In the following description, it is assumed that "LTE" includes LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-A Pro (LTE-Advanced Pro), and EUTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access). Also, it is assumed that NR includes NRAT (New Radio Access Technology) and FEUTRA (Further EUTRA). Note that a single base station may manage a plurality of cells. A cell corresponding to LTE may be referred to as an LTE cell. Also, a cell corresponding to NR may be referred to as an NR cell.

[0048] NR is the next-generation (5G) radio access technology (RAT) for LTE. NR is a radio access technology that can support various use cases including eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband), mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communications), and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications). NR is being studied with the aim of a technical framework that can accommodate usage scenarios, requirements, and deployment scenarios in these use cases.

[0049] Note that the base station of LTE may be referred to as eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB. Also, the base station of NR may be referred to as gNodeB or gNB. In LTE and NR, the terminal device may be referred to as UE (User Equipment).

[0050] <2-1. Overall Configuration of Information Processing System> FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an information processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The information processing system 1 includes a management device 10, a base station device 20, a base station device 30, and a terminal device 50. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a specific configuration example of the information processing system 1. The information processing system 1 may have a cloud server device CS in addition to the above configuration.

[0051] A network N1 is configured by these multiple devices that make up the information processing system 1. The network N1 is, for example, a wireless network. For example, the network N1 is a mobile communication network configured using radio access technologies such as LTE and NR. The network N1 is composed of a radio access network RAN and a core network CN.

[0052] Note that the devices in the figures may be considered as devices in a logical sense. That is, some parts of the devices in the figures may be realized by a virtual machine (VM), a container, Docker, etc., and they may be implemented on physically identical hardware.

[0053] [Cloud server device] The cloud server device CS is a processing device (e.g., a server device) connected to the network N2. For example, the cloud server device CS is a host computer for a server that processes requests from a client computer (e.g., the terminal device 50). The cloud server device CS may be a PC server, a mid-range server, or a mainframe server. Here, the network N2 is a communication network connected to the network N1 via a gateway device (e.g., S-GW or P-GW). The network N2 is, for example, a communication network such as the Internet, a regional IP (Internet Protocol) network, or a telephone network (e.g., a fixed telephone network or a mobile telephone network). Note that the cloud server device can be referred to as a server device, a processing device, or an information processing device.

[0054] [Management device] The management device 10 is a device that manages a wireless network. For example, the management device 10 is a device that functions as an MME (Mobility Management Entity) or an AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function). The management device 10, together with the gateway device, constitutes a part of the core network CN. The core network CN is a network owned by a predetermined entity (subject) such as a mobile communication carrier. For example, the core network CN is an EPC (Evolved Packet Core) or a 5GC (5G Core network). Note that the predetermined entity may be the same as or different from the entity that uses, operates, and / or manages the base station devices 20 and 30.

[0055] Note that the management device 10 may have the function of a gateway. For example, if the core network is EPC, the management device 10 may have the functions as an S-GW or a P-GW. Also, if the core network is 5GC, the management device 10 may have the function as a UPF (User Plane Function). Note that the management device 10 does not necessarily have to be a device that constitutes the core network CN. For example, assume that the core network CN is a core network of W-CDMA or cdma2000. At this time, the management device 10 may be a device that functions as an RNC (Radio Network Controller).

[0056] The management device 10 is connected to each of the plurality of base station devices 20 and the plurality of base station devices 30. The management device 10 manages the communications of the base station devices 20 and the base station devices 30. For example, the management device 10 grasps and manages for each terminal device 50 which base station device (or which cell) the terminal device 50 in the network N1 is connected to, in which communication area of which base station device (or which cell) it exists, and the like. A cell is, for example, a pCell (Primary Cell) or an sCell (Secondary Cell). For each cell, the radio resources (for example, frequency channels, component carriers, etc.) that can be used by the terminal device 50 may be different. Also, one base station device may provide a plurality of cells.

[0057] [Base Station Device] The base station device 20 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 50. The base station device 20 is a device that constitutes a network in V2N communication. The base station device 20 is a type of communication device. The base station device 20 is, for example, a device corresponding to a wireless base station (Base Station, Node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a wireless access point (Access Point). The base station device 20 may be a wireless relay station. The base station device 20 may be an optical extension device called an RRH (Remote Radio Head). In this embodiment, the base station of the wireless communication system may be referred to as a base station device. The base station device 20 may be configured to be wirelessly communicable with other base station devices 20 and the base station device 30. Note that the wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 may be a cellular communication technology or a wireless LAN technology. Of course, the wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 is not limited to these, and other wireless access technologies may be used. Also, the wireless communication used by the base station device 20 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical wireless).

[0058] The base station device 30 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 50. It is a device that constitutes the infrastructure in V2I communication. Similar to the base station device 20, the base station device 30 is a type of communication device. The base station device 30 is, for example, a device corresponding to a wireless base station (Base Station, Node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a wireless access point. The base station device 30 may be a wireless relay station. The base station device 30 may be a roadside base station device such as an RSU (Road Side Unit). Also, the base station device 20 may be an optical extension device called an RRH (Remote Radio Head). The base station device 30 may be configured to be wirelessly communicable with other base station devices 30 and the base station device 20. Note that the wireless access technology used by the base station device 30 may be a cellular communication technology or a wireless LAN technology. Of course, the wireless access technology used by the base station device 20 is not limited to these and may be other wireless access technologies. Also, the wireless communication used by the base station device 30 may be wireless communication using radio waves or wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical wireless).

[0059] Note that the base station devices 20 and 30 may be communicable with each other via a base station device - core network interface (for example, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless. Also, the base station devices may be communicable with each other via a base station device - to - base station interface (for example, X2 Interface, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface may be either wired or wireless.

[0060] The base station apparatuses 20 and 30 can be utilized, operated, and / or managed by various entities. For example, entities such as mobile network operators (MNOs), mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs), mobile virtual network enablers (MVNEs), neutral host network (NHN) operators, enterprises, educational institutions (school corporations, local education boards, etc.), real estate (buildings, condominiums, etc.) managers, and individuals can be assumed. Of course, the entities that utilize, operate, and / or manage the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 are not limited to these. The base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be installed and / or operated by one operator, or may be installed and / or operated by an individual. Of course, the entities that install and operate the base station apparatus 20 are not limited to these. For example, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be installed and operated jointly by multiple operators or multiple individuals. Also, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be shared facilities used by multiple operators or multiple individuals. In this case, the installation and / or operation of the facilities may be performed by a third party different from the users.

[0061] Note that the concept of a base station apparatus (also referred to as a base station) includes not only donor base stations but also relay base stations (also referred to as relay stations or relay station apparatuses). Also, the concept of a base station includes not only structures with base station functions but also apparatuses installed in the structures. Structures are, for example, buildings such as high-rise buildings, houses, towers, station facilities, airport facilities, port facilities, and stadiums. Note that the concept of a structure includes not only buildings but also non-building structures such as tunnels, bridges, dams, fences, and iron pillars, as well as facilities such as cranes, gates, and windmills. Also, the concept of a structure includes not only on-land (narrow sense of the ground) or underground structures but also water structures such as piers and megafloats, and underwater structures such as ocean observation facilities. The base station apparatus can be rephrased as a processing apparatus or an information processing apparatus.

[0062] The base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be fixed stations or base station apparatuses (mobile stations) configured to be movable. For example, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be apparatuses installed on a moving body or the moving body itself. For example, a relay station apparatus having mobility can be regarded as the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 as mobile stations. In addition, an apparatus that originally has mobility, such as a vehicle, a drone, or a smartphone, and is equipped with the function of a base station apparatus (at least a part of the function of a base station apparatus) also corresponds to the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 as mobile stations.

[0063] Here, the moving body may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or a mobile phone. Further, the moving body may be a moving body that moves on land (narrow sense of the ground) (for example, vehicles such as cars, bicycles, buses, trucks, motorcycles, trains, and linear motor cars), a moving body that moves underground (for example, in a tunnel) (for example, a subway), a moving body that moves on water (for example, ships such as passenger ships, cargo ships, and hovercrafts), a moving body that moves underwater (for example, submarines such as submarines, submersible ships, and unmanned submersible vehicles), a moving body that moves within the atmosphere (for example, aircraft such as airplanes, airships, and drones), or a moving body that moves outside the atmosphere (for example, artificial celestial bodies such as artificial satellites, spaceships, space stations, and exploration machines).

[0064] Also, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be terrestrial base station apparatuses (terrestrial station apparatuses) installed on the ground. For example, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be base station apparatuses arranged on a terrestrial structure, or may be base station apparatuses installed on a moving body moving on the ground. More specifically, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be antennas installed on a structure such as a building and a signal processing apparatus connected to the antennas. Of course, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be the structure or the moving body itself. "Ground" is a broad concept of the ground that includes not only land (narrow sense of the ground), but also underground, on water, and underwater. Note that the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 are not limited to terrestrial base station apparatuses. The base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be non-terrestrial base station apparatuses (non-terrestrial station apparatuses) that can float in the air or in space. For example, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 may be aircraft station apparatuses or satellite station apparatuses.

[0065] An aircraft station apparatus is a wireless communication apparatus that can float in the atmosphere, such as an aircraft. The aircraft station apparatus may be an apparatus mounted on an aircraft or the like, or may be the aircraft itself. Note that the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft such as airplanes and gliders, but also light aircraft such as balloons and airships. Also, the concept of an aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft and light aircraft, but also rotary-wing aircraft such as helicopters and autogyros. Note that the aircraft station apparatus (or the aircraft on which the aircraft station apparatus is mounted) may be an unmanned aircraft such as a drone. Note that the concept of an unmanned aircraft includes an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), a tethered unmanned aircraft system. Also, the concept of an unmanned aircraft includes a lighter than air UAS (LTA), a heavier than air UAS (HTA). In addition, the concept of an unmanned aircraft includes a high altitude UAS platform (HAPs).

[0066] The satellite station device is a wireless communication device that can float outside the atmosphere. The satellite station device may be a device mounted on a space vehicle such as an artificial satellite, or may be the space vehicle itself. The satellite serving as the satellite station device may be any of a low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite, a medium Earth orbiting (MEO) satellite, a geostationary Earth orbiting (GEO) satellite, or a highly elliptical orbiting (HEO) satellite. Of course, the satellite station device may be a device mounted on a low Earth orbiting satellite, a medium Earth orbiting satellite, a geostationary satellite, or a highly elliptical orbiting satellite.

[0067] The coverage sizes of the base station devices 20 and 30 may range from large ones such as macro cells to small ones such as pico cells. Of course, the coverage sizes of the base station devices 20 and 30 may be extremely small ones such as femto cells. Also, the base station devices 20 and 30 may have beamforming capabilities. In this case, cells or service areas may be formed for each beam by the base station devices 20 and 30.

[0068] [Terminal device] The terminal device 50 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the base station device 20 or the base station device 30. The terminal device 50 may be a movable wireless communication device. In such a case, the terminal device 50 may be a wireless communication device installed in a moving body, or may be the moving body itself. For example, the terminal device 50 may be a vehicle (Vehicle) moving on a road such as a car, a bus, a truck, or a motorcycle, or a wireless communication device mounted on the vehicle. Further, the terminal device 50 may be an M2M (Machine to Machine) device or an IoT (Internet of Things) device. Further, the terminal device 50 may be a mobile phone, a smart device (smartphone or tablet), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a personal computer, or the like. Further, the terminal device 50 can perform sidelink communication with another terminal device 50. Note that the wireless communication (including sidelink communication) used by the terminal device 50 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or may be wireless communication (optical wireless) using infrared rays or visible light.

[0069] Note that a "terminal device" is a type of communication device, and when it is a terminal device, a terminal, or movable, it is also referred to as a mobile device, a mobile station, or a mobile station device. The concept of a movable terminal device includes not only a communication device configured to be movable, but also a moving body on which the communication device is installed. At this time, the moving body may be a mobile terminal, or may be a moving body moving on land (narrow sense of the ground), underground, on water, or underwater. Further, the moving body may be a moving body moving within the atmosphere such as a drone or a helicopter, or may be a moving body moving outside the atmosphere such as an artificial satellite.

[0070] In the present embodiment, the concept of a communication device includes not only a portable terminal device such as a mobile terminal, but also a device installed in a structure or a moving body. The structure or the moving body itself may be regarded as a communication device. Further, the concept of a communication device includes not only a mobile device (terminal device, automobile, etc.) but also a base station device (donor base station, relay base station, etc.). A communication device is a type of processing device and information processing device.

[0071] The terminal device 50, the base station devices 20 and 30 are connected to each other by wireless communication (for example, radio waves or optical wireless). When the terminal device 50 moves from the communication area (or cell) of one base station device to the communication area (or cell) of another base station device, handover (or handoff) is performed.

[0072] The terminal device 50 may simultaneously connect to a plurality of base station devices or a plurality of cells and perform communication. For example, when one base station device supports a communication area via a plurality of cells (for example, pCell, sCell), by using carrier aggregation (CA) technology, dual connectivity (DC) technology, or multi-connectivity (MC) technology, it is possible to bundle these plurality of cells and communicate between the terminal device 50 and the base station device. Alternatively, it is also possible for the terminal device 50 to communicate with these plurality of base station devices by using coordinated multi-point transmission and reception (CoMP) technology via cells of different base station devices.

[0073] Note that the terminal device 50 does not necessarily have to be a device directly used by a person. The terminal device 50 may be a sensor installed in a factory machine or the like, such as so-called MTC (Machine Type Communication). Also, the terminal device 50 may be an M2M device or an IoT device. Also, the terminal device 50 may be a device equipped with a relay communication function, such as represented by D2D (Device to Device) or V2X. Also, the terminal device 50 may be a device called CPE (Client Premises Equipment) used in a wireless backhaul or the like.

[0074] [Mode] Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the base station apparatuses 20 and 30 and the terminal apparatus 50 have the following three modes (1) to (3), and wireless communication parameters can be determined in each mode.

[0075] (1) Measurement-based This is a mode in which wireless communication environment measurement is performed using a conventional reference signal, and wireless communication parameters are determined based on the measurement.

[0076] (2) ML-based This is a mode in which wireless communication parameters are determined based on the learning result of machine learning.

[0077] (3) Hybrid This is a mode in which wireless communication parameters are determined using Measurement-based and / or ML-based.

[0078] Hereinafter, the configurations of the apparatuses constituting the information processing system 1 according to the present embodiment will be specifically described.

[0079] <2-2. Configuration of the Management Apparatus> The management apparatus 10 is an apparatus that manages a wireless network. For example, the management apparatus 10 is an apparatus that manages the communications of the base station apparatuses 20 and 30. If the core network CN is EPC, the management apparatus 10 is, for example, an apparatus having a function as an MME. Further, if the core network CN is 5GC, the management apparatus 10 is, for example, an apparatus having a function as an AMF. The management apparatus 10 may have an execution function of application processing (for example, an edge function) and function as a server apparatus such as an application server.

[0080] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the management device 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The management device 10 includes a network communication unit 11, a storage unit 12, and a control unit 13. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 13 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Also, the functions of the management device 10 may be implemented in a distributed manner in a plurality of physically separated configurations. For example, the management device 10 may be configured by a plurality of server devices.

[0081] The network communication unit 11 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices. The network communication unit 11 may be a network interface or a device connection interface. The network communication unit 11 has a function of directly or indirectly connecting to the network N1. For example, the network communication unit 11 may include a LAN interface such as a NIC (Network Interface Card), or may include a USB interface configured by a USB (Universal Serial Bus) host controller, a USB port, etc. Also, the network communication unit 11 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 11 functions as a communication means of the management device 10. The network communication unit 11 communicates with the base station devices 20 and 30 according to the control of the control unit 13.

[0082] The storage unit 12 is a storage device capable of reading and writing data, such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), flash memory, and hard disk. The storage unit 12 functions as the storage means of the management device 10. The storage unit 12 stores the learning model 121 and the like. The learning model 121 is the learning result of machine learning used on an ML basis and is generated by the learning unit 132 described later. A series of operations related to the ML basis including the generation of the learning model 121 will be described later. Also, for example, the storage unit 12 stores the connection state of the terminal device 50. For example, the storage unit 12 stores the state of RRC (Radio Resource Control) and ECM (EPS Connection Management) of the terminal device 50. The storage unit 12 may function as a home memory that stores the location information of the terminal device 50.

[0083] The control unit 13 is a controller that controls each part of the management device 10. The control unit 13 is realized by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), for example. For example, the control unit 13 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the management device 10 using a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a work area. Note that the control unit 13 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). Any of the CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can be regarded as a controller.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 13, the control unit 13 includes a collection unit 131, a learning unit 132, a notification unit 133, and a communication control unit 134. Each block (collection unit 131 to communication control unit 134) constituting the control unit 13 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 13. These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-described functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit. The method of configuring the functional blocks is arbitrary. Note that the control unit 13 may be configured with functional units different from the above-described functional blocks. The operations of each block constituting the control unit 13 will be described in detail later.

[0085] <2-3. Configuration of Base Station Device (Network)> Next, the configuration of the base station device 20 will be described. The base station device 20 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 50. The base station device 20 is a device that functions as, for example, a wireless base station, a wireless relay station, a wireless access point, or the like. At this time, the base station device 20 may be an optical extension device such as an RRH. As described above, the base station device 20 is a device constituting a network in V2N communication.

[0086] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the base station device 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station device 20 includes a wireless communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, a network communication unit 23, and a control unit 24. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Also, the functions of the base station device 20 may be implemented in a distributed manner in a plurality of physically separated configurations.

[0087] The wireless communication unit 21 is a wireless communication interface that performs wireless communication with other wireless communication devices (e.g., the terminal device 50, the base station device 30, and other base station devices 20). The wireless communication unit 21 operates according to the control of the control unit 24. Note that the wireless communication unit 21 may support multiple wireless access methods. For example, the wireless communication unit 21 may support both NR and LTE. In addition to NR and LTE, the wireless communication unit 21 may support W-CDMA or cdma2000. Of course, the wireless communication unit 21 may support a wireless access method other than NR, LTE, W-CDMA, and cdma2000.

[0088] The wireless communication unit 21 includes a reception processing unit 211, a transmission processing unit 212, and an antenna 213. The wireless communication unit 21 may include a plurality of reception processing units 211, transmission processing units 212, and antennas 213, respectively. When the wireless communication unit 21 supports multiple wireless access methods, each part of the wireless communication unit 21 may be individually configured for each wireless access method. For example, the reception processing unit 211 and the transmission processing unit 212 may be individually configured for LTE and NR.

[0089] The reception processing unit 211 processes the uplink signal received via the antenna 213. The reception processing unit 211 includes a wireless reception unit 211a, a demultiplexing unit 211b, a demodulation unit 211c, and a decoding unit 211d.

[0090] The wireless receiving unit 211a performs down-conversion, removal of unnecessary frequency components, control of the amplification level, quadrature demodulation, conversion to a digital signal, removal of the guard interval, extraction of a frequency-domain signal by fast Fourier transform, etc. on the uplink signal. The multiplexing separation unit 211b separates uplink channels such as PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and uplink reference signals from the signal output from the wireless receiving unit 211a. The demodulation unit 211c demodulates the received signal using a modulation method such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) or QPSK (Quadrature Phase shift Keying) for the modulation symbols of the uplink channel. The modulation method used by the demodulation unit 211c may be 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, or 256QAM. The decoding unit 211d performs decoding processing on the encoded bits of the demodulated uplink channel. The decoded uplink data and uplink control information are output to the control unit 24.

[0091] The transmission processing unit 212 performs transmission processing of downlink control information and downlink data. The transmission processing unit 212 includes an encoding unit 212a, a modulation unit 212b, a multiplexing unit 212c, and a wireless transmission unit 212d.

[0092] The symbolization unit 212a encodes the downlink control information and downlink data input from the control unit 24 using an encoding method such as block coding, convolutional coding, or turbo coding. The modulation unit 212b modulates the encoded bits output from the symbolization unit 212a using a predetermined modulation method such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM. The multiplexing unit 212c multiplexes the modulation symbols of each channel and the downlink reference signal and arranges them in a predetermined resource element. The wireless transmission unit 212d performs various signal processes on the signal from the multiplexing unit 212c. For example, the wireless transmission unit 212d performs processes such as conversion to the time domain by fast Fourier transform, addition of a guard interval, generation of a baseband digital signal, conversion to an analog signal, quadrature modulation, up-conversion, removal of extra frequency components, and amplification of power. The signal generated by the transmission processing unit 212 is transmitted from the antenna 213.

[0093] The storage unit 22 is a storage device capable of reading and writing data such as DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk. The storage unit 22 functions as a storage means of the base station apparatus 20. The storage unit 22 stores the learning model 221 and the like. The learning model 221 corresponds to the learning model 121 generated in the management apparatus 10 and notified to the base station apparatus 20. A series of operations related to the ML base using the learning model 221 will be described later.

[0094] The network communication unit 23 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices (for example, the management device 10, other base station devices 20, the base station device 30, the cloud server device CS, etc.). The network communication unit 23 has a function of being directly or indirectly connected to the network N1. For example, the network communication unit 23 includes a LAN interface such as a NIC. Also, the network communication unit 23 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 23 functions as the network communication means of the base station device 20. The network communication unit 23 communicates with other devices (for example, the management device 10, the cloud server device CS, etc.) according to the control of the control unit 24. The configuration of the network communication unit 23 may be the same as that of the network communication unit 11 of the management device 10.

[0095] The control unit 24 is a controller that controls each part of the base station device 20. The control unit 24 is realized by, for example, a processor such as a CPU or an MPU. For example, the control unit 24 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the base station device 20 with a work area such as a RAM. Note that the control unit 24 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or an FPGA. Any of the CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can be regarded as a controller.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 14, the control unit 24 includes an acquisition unit 241, a determination unit 242, a setting unit 243, a notification unit 244, and a communication control unit 245. Each block (acquisition unit 241 to communication control unit 245) constituting the control unit 24 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 24. These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-described functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit. The method of configuring the functional blocks is arbitrary. Note that the control unit 24 may be configured with functional units different from the above-described functional blocks. The operations of the blocks constituting the control unit 24 will be described in detail later.

[0097] <2-4. Configuration of Base Station Device (Infrastructure)> Next, the configuration of the base station device 30 will be described. The base station device 30 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 50. The base station device 30 is a device that functions as, for example, a wireless base station, a wireless relay station, a wireless access point, or the like. At this time, the base station device 30 may be a roadside base station device such as an RSU or an optical extension device such as an RRH. As described above, the base station device 30 is a device that constitutes an infrastructure in V2I communication.

[0098] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the base station device 30 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station device 30 includes a wireless communication unit 31, a storage unit 32, a network communication unit 33, and a control unit 34. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 15 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Also, the functions of the base station device 30 may be implemented in a distributed manner in a plurality of physically separated configurations.

[0099] The wireless communication unit 31 is a wireless communication interface for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication devices (for example, the terminal device 50, the base station device 20, and other base station devices 30). The wireless communication unit 31 operates according to the control of the control unit 34. The wireless communication unit 31 includes a reception processing unit 311, a transmission processing unit 312, and an antenna 313. The configuration of the wireless communication unit 31 (the reception processing unit 311, the transmission processing unit 312, and the antenna 313) is the same as that of the wireless communication unit 21 (the reception processing unit 211, the transmission processing unit 212, and the antenna 213) of the base station device 20.

[0100] The storage unit 32 is a data-readable and writable storage device such as a DRAM, an SRAM, a flash memory, or a hard disk. The storage unit 32 functions as a storage means of the base station device 30. The configuration of the storage unit 32 is the same as that of the storage unit 22 of the base station device 20.

[0101] The network communication unit 33 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices (for example, the management device 10, the base station device 20, other base station devices 30, the cloud server device CS, etc.). The network communication unit 33 has a function of being directly or indirectly connected to the network N1. For example, the network communication unit 33 includes a LAN interface such as a NIC. Also, the network communication unit 33 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 33 functions as a network communication means of the base station device 30. The configuration of the network communication unit 33 is the same as that of the network communication unit 23 of the base station device 20.

[0102] The control unit 34 is a controller that controls each part of the base station device 30. The control unit 34 is realized by a processor such as a CPU or an MPU, for example. For example, the control unit 34 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in a storage device inside the base station device 30 using a RAM or the like as a work area. Note that the control unit 34 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or an FPGA. Any of the CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can be regarded as a controller.

[0103] As shown in FIG. 15, the control unit 34 includes an acquisition unit 341, a determination unit 342, a setting unit 343, a notification unit 344, and a communication control unit 345. Each block (acquisition unit 341 to communication control unit 345) constituting the control unit 34 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 34. These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-described functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit. The method of configuring the functional blocks is arbitrary. Note that the control unit 34 may be configured with functional units different from the above-described functional blocks. The operations of the blocks of the control unit 34 may be the same as the operations of the blocks (acquisition unit 241 to communication control unit 245) of the control unit 24. The descriptions of the acquisition unit 341 to the communication control unit 345 that appear in the following description can be replaced with the acquisition unit 241 to the communication control unit 245 as appropriate.

[0104] <2-5. Configuration of the Terminal Device> Next, the configuration of the terminal device 50 will be described. The terminal device 50 is a movable wireless communication device. For example, the terminal device 50 is a vehicle such as an automobile or a wireless communication device mounted on the vehicle. The terminal device 50 may be a movable terminal device such as a mobile phone or a smart device. The terminal device 50 can perform wireless communication with the base station device 20 and the base station device 30. In addition, the terminal device 50 can perform sidelink communication with another terminal device 50.

[0105] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the terminal device 50 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The terminal device 50 includes a wireless communication unit 51, a storage unit 52, a network communication unit 53, an input / output unit 54, and a control unit 55. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may be different from this. Also, the functions of the terminal device 50 may be implemented in a distributed manner in a plurality of physically separated configurations.

[0106] The wireless communication unit 51 is a wireless communication interface for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication devices (e.g., the base station device 20 and the base station device 30). The wireless communication unit 51 operates according to the control of the control unit 55. The wireless communication unit 51 supports one or more wireless access methods. For example, the wireless communication unit 51 supports both NR and LTE. In addition to NR and LTE, the wireless communication unit 51 may also support W-CDMA and cdma2000. Further, the wireless communication unit 51 supports communication using NOMA (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access).

[0107] The wireless communication unit 51 includes a reception processing unit 511, a transmission processing unit 512, and an antenna 513. The wireless communication unit 51 may include a plurality of reception processing units 511, transmission processing units 512, and antennas 513, respectively. When the wireless communication unit 51 supports a plurality of wireless access methods, each part of the wireless communication unit 51 can be individually configured for each wireless access method. For example, the reception processing unit 511 and the transmission processing unit 512 may be individually configured for LTE and NR.

[0108] The reception processing unit 511 processes the downlink signal received via the antenna 513. The reception processing unit 511 includes a wireless reception unit 511a, a multiplexing separation unit 511b, a demodulation unit 511c, and a decoding unit 511d.

[0109] The wireless receiving unit 511a performs operations such as down-conversion, removal of unnecessary frequency components, control of amplification level, quadrature demodulation, conversion to a digital signal, removal of guard interval, and extraction of a frequency-domain signal by fast Fourier transform on the downlink signal. The multiplexing separation unit 511b separates the downlink channel, the downlink synchronization signal, and the downlink reference signal from the signal output from the wireless receiving unit 511a. The downlink channel is, for example, channels such as PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel), PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), and PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). The demodulation unit 211c demodulates the received signal using modulation schemes such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256QAM for the modulation symbols of the downlink channel. The decoding unit 511d performs decoding processing on the encoded bits of the demodulated downlink channel. The decoded downlink data and downlink control information are output to the control unit 55.

[0110] The transmission processing unit 512 performs transmission processing of the uplink control information and the uplink data. The transmission processing unit 512 includes an encoding unit 512a, a modulation unit 512b, a multiplexing unit 512c, and a wireless transmission unit 512d.

[0111] The symbolization unit 512a encodes the uplink control information and uplink data input from the control unit 55 using an encoding method such as block coding, convolutional coding, or turbo coding. The modulation unit 512b modulates the encoded bits output from the symbolization unit 512a using a predetermined modulation method such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, or 256QAM. The multiplexing unit 512c multiplexes the modulation symbols of each channel and the uplink reference signal and arranges them in a predetermined resource element. The wireless transmission unit 512d performs various signal processes on the signal from the multiplexing unit 512c. For example, the wireless transmission unit 512d performs processes such as conversion to the time domain by inverse fast Fourier transform, addition of a guard interval, generation of a baseband digital signal, conversion to an analog signal, quadrature modulation, up-conversion, removal of extra frequency components, and amplification of power. The signal generated by the transmission processing unit 512 is transmitted from the antenna 513.

[0112] The storage unit 52 is a storage device capable of reading and writing data, such as a DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk. The storage unit 52 functions as a storage means of the terminal device 50. The storage unit 52 stores a learning model 521 and the like. The learning model 521 corresponds to the learning model 121 generated in the management device 10 and notified to the terminal device 50. A series of operations related to the ML base using the learning model 521 will be described later.

[0113] The network communication unit 53 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices. For example, the network communication unit 53 is a LAN interface such as a NIC. The network communication unit 53 has a function of directly or indirectly connecting to the network N1. The network communication unit 53 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface. The network communication unit 53 functions as a network communication means of the terminal device 50. The network communication unit 53 communicates with other devices according to the control of the control unit 55.

[0114] The input / output unit 54 is a user interface for the user to exchange information. For example, the input / output unit 54 is an operating device for the user to perform various operations, such as a keyboard, a mouse, operation keys, a touch panel, etc. Alternatively, the input / output unit 54 is a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic electroluminescence display (OLED). The input / output unit 54 may be an acoustic device such as a speaker or a buzzer. Further, the input / output unit 54 may be a lighting device such as an LED (light emitting diode) lamp. The input / output unit 54 functions as the input / output means (input means, output means, operation means or notification means) of the terminal device 50.

[0115] The control unit 55 is a controller that controls each part of the terminal device 50. The control unit 55 is realized by a processor such as a CPU or an MPU, for example. For example, the control unit 55 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the terminal device 50 using a work area such as a RAM. Note that the control unit 55 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as an ASIC or an FPGA. Any of the CPU, MPU, ASIC, and FPGA can be regarded as a controller.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 16, the control unit 55 includes an acquisition unit 551, a determination unit 552, a setting unit 553, a notification unit 554, and a communication control unit 555. Each block (acquisition unit 551 to communication control unit 555) constituting the control unit 55 is a functional block indicating the function of the control unit 55. These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks. For example, each of the above-described functional blocks may be one software module realized by software (including a microprogram), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit. The configuration method of the functional blocks is arbitrary. Note that the control unit 55 may be configured with functional units different from the above-described functional blocks. The operations of the blocks constituting the control unit 55 will be described in detail later.

[0117] Note that, to describe the outline of the operations of the determination unit 552 and the setting unit 553 in advance, the determination unit 552 determines the mode to be used among the Measurement-based mode, the ML mode, and the Hybrid mode based on information regarding the communication environment including position information regarding the current position. Information regarding the communication environment refers to information such as the current propagation environment, but also includes information such as information accumulating changes in the propagation environment over a predetermined period. The setting unit 553 re-sets the terminal-side setting information according to the determination mode determined by the determination unit 552 and sets the wireless communication parameters in the corresponding mode.

[0118] Also, the operation of the determination unit 552 is the same as that of the determination units 242 and 342 of the base station apparatuses 20 and 30. Therefore, in the later description, the description of the determination unit 552 that appears can be replaced with the determination units 242 and 342 as appropriate. Conversely, in the later description, the description of the determination units 242 and 342 that appears can be replaced with the determination unit 552 as appropriate.

[0119] Further, the terminal device 50 may have a moving function. For example, the terminal device 50 may have a power unit such as an engine and be able to move by its own power. Note that the terminal device 50 does not necessarily have to have a moving function. In this case, the terminal device 50 may be a device that is retrofitted to a device having a moving function (for example, a vehicle such as an automobile). For example, the terminal device 50 may be a navigation system device retrofitted to an automobile.

[0120] <<3. Operation of the Information Processing System>> Next, the operation of the information processing system 1 will be described. Note that in the following description, the description of the "base station device 30" can be replaced with the "base station device 20".

[0121] <3-1. Regarding the Execution Entity of the Mode Switching Process> As described above, the information processing apparatus of the present embodiment has three modes: the Measurement-based mode, the ML-based mode, and the Hybrid mode, and it is possible to determine radio communication parameters in each mode. Here, the information processing apparatus that is the execution entity of the mode switching process for switching such modes may be the terminal device 50 or the base station device 30.

[0122] <3-2. Regarding the Case Where the Terminal Device is the Execution Entity of the Mode Switching Process> FIG. 17 is a processing sequence when the terminal device 50 is the execution entity of the mode switching process. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 17, the base station device 30 has the notification unit 344 notify the terminal device 50 of the condition settings necessary for mode determination (step S1). The conditions necessary for mode determination may hereinafter be referred to as "mode determination conditions" in some cases. The setting of the mode determination conditions may be provided from the base station device 30 or may be preset in the terminal device 50.

[0123] Then, the terminal device 50 determines the mode based on the notified condition settings. Specifically, the acquisition unit 551 acquires various types of information used for the notified condition settings, that is, the information necessary for mode determination (step S2).

[0124] Then, in the terminal device 50, the determination unit 552 performs a mode switching determination based on the acquired information and the mode determination conditions (step S3). After the mode is determined by such determination, in the terminal device 50, the notification unit 554 notifies the determined mode to the base station device 30 (step S4).

[0125] Upon receiving such notification, the base station device 30 changes the setting of the setting information regarding the radio communication parameters on the terminal device 50 side according to the determined mode (step S5). Then, the notification unit 344 notifies such setting information to the terminal device 50 (step S6).

[0126] Upon receiving such notification, in the terminal device 50, the setting unit 553 re - sets the terminal - side setting information (step S7), and after such re - setting, sets the radio communication parameters determined in the corresponding mode (step S8).

[0127] Then, the communication control unit 555 conducts communication with the set radio communication parameters (step S9). After the communication is conducted, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 verifies the communication result (step S10). Using the verification result, changes may be made to the mode determination conditions in subsequent communications, the setting information regarding the determination of radio communication parameters, etc.

[0128] All the exchanges between these base stations and terminals are carried out via base - station - to - terminal signaling such as RRC signaling.

[0129] <3 - 3. Regarding the case where the base station device is the execution entity of the mode switching process> FIG. 18 shows a processing sequence when the base station device 30 is the execution entity of the mode switching process. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 18, in the base station device 30, the notification unit 344 notifies the terminal device 50 of an information collection request for collecting the information necessary for mode determination (step S11).

[0130] Then, the terminal device 50 acquires information necessary for mode determination in response to the notified information collection request (step S12).

[0131] Then, the terminal device 50 notifies the base station device 30 of the acquired information by the notification unit 554 (step S13). The base station device 30 performs mode switching determination based on the acquired information by the determination unit 342 (step S14). After the mode is determined by such determination, the base station device 30 notifies the terminal device 50 of the determined mode by the notification unit 344 (step S15).

[0132] After such notification, the base station device 30 changes the setting of the setting information regarding the wireless communication parameters on the terminal device 50 side according to the determined mode (step S16). Then, the notification unit 344 notifies the terminal device 50 of such setting information (step S17).

[0133] When the terminal device 50 receives such notification, the setting unit 553 re-sets the terminal-side setting information (step S18), and after such re-setting, sets the wireless communication parameters determined in the corresponding mode (step S19).

[0134] Then, the communication control unit 555 performs communication with the set wireless communication parameters (step S20). After the communication is performed, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 verifies the communication result (step S21). Using the verification result, it is possible to change the mode determination conditions in subsequent communications, the setting information regarding the determination of the wireless communication parameters, and the like.

[0135] All the exchanges between the base station and the terminal are performed via base station-terminal signaling such as RRC signaling.

[0136] <3-4. Collection of Information Required for Mode Determination> Next, the collection of information required for the above-described mode determination will be described. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of information required for mode determination.

[0137] For mode determination, for example, the base station device 30 can transmit a request signal (corresponding to the above-described information collection request) to the terminal device 50 so as to acquire and notify one or more of each piece of information shown in FIG. 19. The request signal may include a specification of a parameter indicating which information to send back, an instruction such as the quantization level of feedback information, and the like.

[0138] Further, the terminal device 50 can acquire one or more of each piece of information shown in FIG. 19 by itself, and perform a mode switching determination based on the mode determination conditions preset by the base station device 30.

[0139] By preparing a plurality of modes in this way and switching the modes based on the mode determination conditions, it is possible to contribute to achieving both efficient communication with less overhead and highly reliable communication. For example, when using the ML-based mode, if it stops functioning properly, it is possible to perform a mode switching determination to switch to another mode such as the Measurement-based mode. By using a plurality of modes in this way, even if a problem occurs in the operation, it is possible to ensure the communication quality by at least falling back to the conventional mode, for example.

[0140] Incidentally, FIG. 19 provides information categories of "information related to the terminal", "information related to the base station", "information related to the used band", and "others", and shows examples of each piece of information for each category. Some examples of how the determination units 342 and 552 determine the mode using these will be given.

[0141] For example, when it is determined that the communication variation status is easy to predict based on the information related to the communication environment, the determination units 342 and 552 determine to use at least the ML-based mode. Here, the information related to the communication environment includes position information related to the current position (for example, "terminal position information" in "information related to the terminal") and a 3D map, and the determination units 342 and 552 can determine whether the variation status is easy to predict based on these.

[0142] Specifically, it can be said that places where wireless communication fluctuations are predicted to be intense are not suitable for the ML-based mode. Therefore, at places where there are frequent turns at intersections or where the undulations are intense, the determination units 342 and 552 perform determination with a weighting indicating that it is not suitable for the ML-based mode.

[0143] On the other hand, for example, highways and the like are places where fluctuations are predicted to be gentle. Therefore, the determination units 342 and 552 perform determination with a weighting indicating that it is at least suitable for the ML-based mode.

[0144] Also, for example, when it is determined that the communication overhead is high, the determination units 342 and 552 determine to use at least the ML-based mode. In such a case, for example, the "overhead rate" of "others" can be used as a determination material.

[0145] Also, for example, when it is determined that the importance of communication is high, the determination units 342 and 552 determine not to use only the ML-based mode at least. In such a case, for example, the "packet priority" of "others" can be used as a determination material.

[0146] Also, for example, when it is determined that the disturbance is large, the determination units 342 and 552 determine not to use only the ML-based mode at least. In such a case, for example, the "radio wave reflectivity" in the "vehicle body information" of "others" can be used as a determination material.

[0147] Also, for example, the information regarding the communication environment includes information regarding a predetermined area in the vicinity. The determination units 342 and 552 determine whether to use the ML-based mode based on the selection probability of beamforming when using the ML-based mode associated with each of the above areas.

[0148] In such a case, for example, the "area information" in the "information related to the terminal" serves as the determination material. Here, the "area information" may be, for example, area information using the appropriate beamforming selection probability or the like when using the ML-based mode. As appropriate beamforming, for example, the selection probability of the beamforming index within the range of the top x dB among the selectable beam gains can be used. Also, it may be determined by whether it is among the top X beams, including the beam with the best performance (such as RSRP / RSRQ), such as the top x dB beam. An example of a map is shown in FIG. 20. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a map including the beamforming selection probability. In the example of FIG. 20, the map is a map showing the beamforming selection probability for each of areas #1 to #9, and it can be seen that, for example, the topmost from the perspective of the beamforming selection probability is area #4.

[0149] <3-5. Regarding the execution conditions of the mode switching process, etc.> As described above, the terminal device 50 or the base station device 30 executes the mode switching process using the various information shown in FIGS. 19 and 20. The criteria for mode switching determination may be notified in advance from the base station device 30 to the terminal device 50, or may be preset in the terminal device 50.

[0150] FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the mode switching process executed by the terminal device 50. Also, FIG. 22 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the mode switching process executed by the base station device 30.

[0151] As shown in FIG. 21, when the terminal device 50 executes the mode switching process, first, the setting unit 553 sets the criteria for mode switching (step S101). Then, the determination unit 552 makes a mode switching determination based on this (step S102).

[0152] Here, if it is determined to be Measurement-based (step S102, Measurement-based), the determination unit 552 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the Measurement-based mode (step S103).

[0153] Also, if it is determined to be ML-based (step S102, ML-based), the determination unit 552 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the ML-based mode (step S104).

[0154] Also, if it is determined to be Hybrid (step S102, Hybrid), the determination unit 552 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the Hybrid mode (step S105).

[0155] Then, the setting unit 553 re-sets the terminal-side setting information according to the determined mode (step S106). Then, the setting unit 553 sets the wireless communication parameters determined in the corresponding mode (step S107), and communication will be performed with the set wireless communication parameters (step S108).

[0156] Also, as shown in FIG. 22, when the base station device 30 executes the mode switching process, first, the notification unit 344 notifies the terminal device 50 of an information collection request (step S201). Then, the acquisition unit 341 acquires the information necessary for mode determination from the terminal device 50 (step S202).

[0157] Then, the determination unit 342 performs a mode switching determination (step S203). Here, if it is determined to be Measurement-based (step S203, Measurement-based), the determination unit 342 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the Measurement-based mode (step S204).

[0158] Also, if it is determined to be ML-based (step S203, ML-based), the determination unit 342 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the ML-based mode (step S205).

[0159] Also, if it is determined to be Hybrid (step S203, Hybrid), the determination unit 342 determines the mode for determining the wireless communication parameters to be the Hybrid mode (step S206).

[0160] Then, the setting unit 343 changes the setting of the terminal-side setting information according to the determined mode (step S207), causes the terminal device 50 to re-set the terminal-side setting information, and causes the wireless communication parameters determined in the corresponding mode to be set. Then, communication will be performed using the set wireless communication parameters (step S208).

[0161] Note that the execution conditions for such mode switching processing can be set as follows in (1) and (2) according to, for example, the granularity of the switching time.

[0162] (1) Static switching This is a case where there is no change in the mode switching time. After attaching to a specific cell, the mode is determined, and mode switching does not occur unless there is a change such as a cell change. On the other hand, mode switching occurs when a cell switch or a significant change in location information occurs. For example, mode switching also occurs depending on the location (high speed, hotspot, connection destination cell change, etc.), time (day, night, etc.), communication frequency band, etc.

[0163] (2) Quasi-static switching and dynamic switching This is a case where the time variation of mode switching is long, and once the mode switching is set, the setting is not changed for a long time. In communication, for example, a state where there is no change for several hundred milliseconds or more can be considered. Also, dynamic switching assumes a case where the time variation is short, for example, a case where switching is performed in units of several milliseconds. For example, when switching to the ML-based mode in the case of link failure or beam failure, or when migrating to the measurement-based mode when a similar problem occurs during communication in the ML-based mode. Note that it may be based not only on the occurrence of link failure or beam failure, but also on the communication verification results using the packet error rate, ACK / NACK information, etc., and the performance comparison results between the ML-based and measurement-based modes.

[0164] <3-6. Regarding the mode determination notification between the base station and the terminal> The base station device 30 sends a mode determination notification to the terminal device 50. In such a case, the notification may be sent UE-specific, or may be sent in units of UE groups (group-specific). Also, the same mode may be set for the entire cell (cell-specific). The notification is sent to the terminal device 50 using unicast, group cast, and broadcast, respectively.

[0165] Also, the base station device 30 may make a mode determination based on the information obtained from a specific terminal device 50 and send the same mode notification to the terminal device 50 that has not obtained the information. That is, based on the information from the representative terminal, the same mode setting may be performed for a predetermined group of terminals or the entire cell.

[0166] <3-7. Regarding the operations of each mode> Next, the operations of each mode will be described more specifically.

[0167] [Measurement-based] In the measurement-based approach, measurements are performed using known signals, notification signals, and synchronization signals used in existing cellular communications, and legacy radio communication control is performed using the results of such measurements. Some examples of such control are shown in FIG. 23. FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a control example in the measurement-based approach.

[0168] [ML-based] FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an overall view of the ML-based approach. Here, it will be described on the assumption that the offline processing is performed by the management device 10 and the online processing is performed between the base station device 30 and the terminal device 50, but the offline processing may be performed by the cloud server device CS. Also, the offline processing may be performed by the base station device 30 or the terminal device 50.

[0169] First, in the offline processing, as shown in FIG. 24, the collection unit 131 collects known data including past data, and the learning unit 132 executes machine learning based on the collected data. The learning unit 132 generates a learning model 121 as the learning result of the machine learning.

[0170] FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of information collected for machine learning in the ML-based approach. In FIG. 25, as information categories, "information related to the terminal", "information related to the base station", "information related to the used band", and "information related to communication" are provided, and examples of each information for each category are shown. The collection unit 131 collects one or more of such information from known data and uses it as input data (learning data set) for machine learning.

[0171] The learning unit 132 executes machine learning based on such input data and generates a learning model 121 as the learning result. The learning unit 132 generates the learning model 121 so that optimal radio communication parameters are output when data regarding the current situation, which will be described later, is input.

[0172] Here, FIG. 26 is a diagram showing an example via the conversion adapter 132a. The learning unit 132 may have the conversion adapter 132a. The learning model 121 can include a plurality of models generated using different learning algorithms. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 26, the conversion adapter 132a can rewrite the input data into a format corresponding to each algorithm in order to input to a specific model. Also, the conversion adapter 132a can also be used when the terminal device 50 inputs data regarding the current situation, which will be described later, to the learning model 521.

[0173] When used in the terminal device 50, the conversion adapter 132a may be set as a radio layer side setting by RRC signaling or the like from the base station device 30 to the terminal device 50, or may be set in the application layer. The input and output of the conversion adapter 132a may be appropriately changed in configuration by signaling.

[0174] Note that FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a model used in the ML base. As shown in FIG. 27, in the ML base, various models generated from different machine learning algorithms, such as Linear Regression, SVM (Support Vector Machine), Random Forest, Neural Network, etc. can be utilized.

[0175] Returning to the description of FIG. 24. The learning model 121 generated by the learning unit 132 is notified to the base station device 30 as the learning model 321, for example. It may be installed in the base station device 30 as the learning model 321 in advance.

[0176] In online processing, the terminal device 50 determines appropriate wireless communication parameters using information on the communication environment including position information regarding the current position and the learning model 321. First, the acquisition unit 551 acquires data regarding the current situation. The data regarding the current situation mentioned here is an example of "information on the communication environment" and includes the current situation and a predetermined period up to the current situation. As data regarding the current situation, for example, among the examples of information shown in FIG. 25, "information regarding the terminal", "information regarding the base station", "information regarding the environment", etc. are acquired.

[0177] Then, the setting unit 553 inputs the acquired data regarding the current situation online to the learning model 321 of the base station device 30, receives the output value output from the learning model 321 online, and sets it as an appropriate wireless communication parameter.

[0178] Note that the terminal device 50 may input data regarding the current situation offline to its own learning model 521, receive the output value output from the learning model 521 offline, and set it as an appropriate wireless communication parameter. In such a case, it is necessary to distribute or pre-install the learning model 521 to the terminal device 50.

[0179] Here, an example of the wireless communication parameter set by the setting unit 553 is given. FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of the wireless communication parameter set in the ML base. As shown in FIG. 28, in the ML base, basically, the control of the wireless communication parameter set in the legacy Measurement base is performed.

[0180] [Hybrid] Next, FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an overview of the Hybrid mode. As shown in FIG. 29, in the Hybrid mode, the wireless communication parameter is determined using one or both of the determination results by the Measurement base and / or the ML base respectively.

[0181] In the Hybrid mode, for example, when a communication link loss occurs in one of the Measurement-based and ML-based modes, link recovery can be performed in the other mode, or a more robust communication link can be maintained by using both modes. As shown in FIG. 29, the method of performing link recovery in the other mode when a failure occurs will be described below as "link beam recovery". Also, the method of using both modes will be described below as "Partial Measurement".

[0182] (1) Link beam recovery Link beam recovery is a method of falling back to either the Measurement-based or ML-based mode when a Link failure or Beam failure occurs. When communicating in the ML-based mode, there are two patterns: switching to the Measurement-based mode and, conversely, switching to the ML-based mode when communicating in the Measurement-based mode.

[0183] That is, the determination units 342 and 552 cause a fallback to the other mode to be performed when a link or beam loss occurs in one of the Measurement-based mode and the ML-based mode in the Hybrid mode.

[0184] When communicating in the ML-based mode, it is preferable to perform Measurement-based communication at the backend to prepare for sudden link losses and the like. Such backend Measurement may be set by the base station device 30 to the terminal device 50 by means of RRC signaling or the like. The terminal device 50 performs backend Measurement at a specified frequency and, when a loss of the ML-based communication link occurs, reconstructs radio communication parameters based on the results of the previous backend Measurement. This enables rapid backup.

[0185] In particular, when beam failure occurs, it is necessary to perform beam recovery in a short time. Therefore, it is desirable to perform ML-based recovery using the situation at the time of beam failure. For example, in addition to terminal position information, ML-based wireless communication parameter settings may be performed using precoding information used at the time of beam failure, the terminal moving direction, AoA information, etc. Also, in consideration of the capacity of the entire system, ML-based wireless communication parameter settings may be performed using information such as SLR (Signal to Leakage Ratio) as the interference amount of surrounding terminals.

[0186] Figure 30 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of link beam recovery. Here, it is assumed that communication is performed based on ML. As shown in Figure 30, backend measurement is performed at a specified frequency (step S301).

[0187] And it is assumed that link failure or beam failure has occurred (step S302, Yes). Then, the terminal device 50 executes mode switching by performing fallback (step S303). That is, the terminal device 50 reconstructs wireless communication parameters based on the result of the previous backend measurement.

[0188] At this time, the situation at the time of failure is taken into account (step S304). Note that such step S304 may be executed optionally.

[0189] Then, the terminal device 50 resumes communication (step S305). Also, if no failure occurs (step S302, No), communication is continued (step S306).

[0190] (2)Partial Measurement Partial Measurement is a method of performing measurement based on Measurement to make ML-based communication more robust. For example, when performing full ML-based communication, measurement using a reference signal is not required and zero-overhead communication can be expected. On the other hand, when performing full Measurement-based communication, the overhead becomes large.

[0191] In contrast, in Partial Measurement, by performing measurement based on Measurement to some extent while performing ML-based communication, it becomes possible to perform communication while checking the communication quality based on ML.

[0192] That is, the determination units 342 and 552 basically use the Measurement-based mode during the use of the ML-based mode in the Hybrid mode. If the divergence degree of the communication quality of both exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the ML-based mode is switched to the Measurement-based mode.

[0193] For example, in a communication environment where the SINR value is X dB based on ML, assume that it is Y dB when performing communication based on Measurement. Here, if the divergence between X and Y is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and the result is that the communication quality is better based on Measurement, then although it can be said that ML is appropriate, it is better to switch to ML. In this way, by appropriately checking the quality of the communication link based on ML with Measurement-based, it becomes possible to ensure the communication quality.

[0194] Figure 31 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of Partial Measurement. Here, it is assumed that communication is performed based on ML. As shown in Figure 31, first, the setting of Partial Measurement is performed (step S401).

[0195] Then, the communication quality based on ML is measured (step S402). Also, the communication quality based on Measurement is measured (step S403).

[0196] Then, it is determined whether the deviation in quality is equal to or greater than a threshold value (step S404). Here, if it is equal to or greater than the threshold value (step S404, Yes), mode switching determination is executed (step S405). As a result, if mode switching is necessary (step S406, Yes), mode switching is executed (step S407). If mode switching is not necessary (step S406, No), communication continues in the existing mode (step S408).

[0197] Also, even if the deviation in quality is less than the threshold value (step S406, No), communication continues in the existing mode (step S408).

[0198] <3-8. Regarding the setting change of the terminal-side setting information according to the determination mode> Next, the setting change of the terminal-side setting information according to the determination mode will be described. This corresponds to step S5 (FIG. 17) or step S16 (FIG. 18) described above.

[0199] Such a setting change is performed, for example, by the setting unit 343 of the base station device 30. The setting change may change the measurement frequency and reporting using the reference signal according to the determined determination mode. For example, when the determination mode is the ML-based mode, basically measurement is not required, so measurement and reporting may be disabled. On the other hand, when the determination mode is Measurement-based, the terminal-side setting information that enables measurement and reporting is set by the base station device 30. Also, when the determination mode is Hybrid, the terminal-side setting information that reduces the frequency of measurement and reporting is set by the base station device 30.

[0200] <3-9. Regarding the verification of the communication result> Next, the verification of the communication result will be described. This corresponds to step S10 (FIG. 17) or step S21 (FIG. 18) described above.

[0201] After the communication is performed, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 verifies the communication result. As a result of the verification, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 may change the setting information for determining the mode determination condition and communication parameters in the subsequent communication using the verification result. Further, learning for mode switching determination may be performed using the verification result.

[0202] <<4. Example>> Next, Example 1 and Example 2 of the present embodiment will be shown. Both are related to the ML base. Example 1 will be described first.

[0203] <4-1. Example 1> FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a two-dimensional mapping of three-dimensional map information. FIG. 33 is a diagram showing the architecture of a Two-Branch CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks). FIG. 34 is a diagram showing the architecture of a Bitmap-Based CNN.

[0204] As Example 1, a predictive beam management using position information was verified. This learns the terminal position information and information related to beamforming, and based on the learning result, selects the beamforming index to be used for each terminal position information as a wireless communication parameter.

[0205] As shown in FIG. 32, the three-dimensional map information is converted into a two-dimensional bitmap as learning data, and as machine learning models, the Two-Branch CNN shown in FIG. 33 and the Bitmap-Based CNN shown in FIG. 34 are used. The performance comparison for each model is shown in Table 1 below. For reference, Table 1 also shows the results when using Random forest and One-Branch CNN.

[0206]

Table 1

[0207] As shown in Table 1, according to the Bitmap based CNN, it can be seen that by using only the location information, the best quality beam can be selected at a certain terminal location with a probability of 75.7%. Note that the selection probability does not necessarily have to be defined as the probability of selecting the best quality one. For example, by defining it as the probability of selecting one of the top 5 beams, it can be said that a substantially high communication quality can be ensured.

[0208] In addition, a comparison was made in terms of whether to use only the location information of one terminal device 50 (Partial Location) or to use the location information of the surrounding environment together (Full Location). The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0209]

Table 2

[0210] According to Table 2, it can be seen that the selection probability is improved in the case of Full Location compared to the case of Partial Location. Therefore, in the learning of beam selection, it is desirable to obtain the location information of the surrounding environment (information such as the positions of surrounding vehicles, vehicle bodies, buildings, walls, etc.) in addition to the own terminal, for example, using a 3D map or a dynamic map, and include it in the learning data. Subsequently, the comparison results according to the difference in the number of antenna arrays are shown in Table 3 below.

[0211]

Table 3

[0212] According to Table 3, it can be seen that the larger the array size, the worse the beam selection probability. Therefore, it can be said that the number of antenna arrays is preferably considered in the mode determination condition for the ML base.

[0213] <Example 2 of 4-2> As Example 2, predictive interference management using machine learning will be described. This is an extension of the ML-based beamforming that was self-contained between base station terminals in Example 1 to the entire system.

[0214] Specifically, by measuring the beam strength in each base station device 20, 30 and each terminal device 50, creating a BSM (Beam Strength Map) at a certain point in time and learning it, the beam allocation in the entire system will be optimized.

[0215] FIG. 35 is an example of creating a BSM. Here, for example, the BSM is created assuming that 250 beams are sent from each of BS (Base Station)-1 to BS-3 to UE (User Equipment)-1 and UE-2 respectively.

[0216] As a result, it becomes possible to consider the interference from a specific base station device 30 to the terminal device 50, so it becomes possible to consider the performance of the entire system.

[0217] Also, FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an example of a machine learning algorithm using a BSM. As shown in FIG. 36, it can be seen that in such an algorithm, the SLR (Signal to Leakage Ratio) is used as an index of co-channel interference. Here, the SLR is the ratio of the transmission signal to the cumulative interference amount to terminals other than the desired user terminal. When performing beamforming, for example, the co-channel interference caused by side lobes etc. is accumulated among multiple users is used.

[0218] By learning such a BSM, it becomes possible to predict which base station device 30 to which terminal device 50, and which beamforming index to use for communication to improve the performance of the entire system.

[0219] In addition, by executing machine learning considering SLR, it is possible to predict how much signal component the beam selected by a certain base station device 30 can provide to the target terminal device 50 and how much interference it causes to the terminal devices 50 other than the target. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of the performance of the entire system.

[0220] In other words, the learning dataset includes BSM, and the determination units 342 and 552 cause the beamforming index to be selected based on the learning result of machine learning using the above BSM with SLR as an index of interference to non-targets in the ML-based mode.

[0221] For reference, FIG. 37 shows a simulation model for verification of Example 2. FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the simulation model for verification of Example 2. In addition, FIGS. 38 to 40 show the verification results according to Example 2. FIG. 38 is a diagram showing the verification result at the base station level according to Example 2. In addition, FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the verification result at the system level according to Example 2. In addition, FIG. 40 is a diagram showing the throughput loss for each UE.

[0222] Looking at the verification results, in FIG. 40, it can be seen that the ML-based predictive interference management (corresponding to "Predictive" in the figure) has a lower throughput loss than the non-ML-based one (corresponding to "not Predictive" in the figure), and it can be confirmed that the performance is improved.

[0223] <<5. Modifications>> The above-described embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications and applications are possible.

[0224] <5-1. Modifications regarding machine learning> For example, learning for mode switching determination may be performed using the verification result of the communication described above. For example, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 perform machine learning on the correlation between known data, the mode switching determination result based on such data, and the communication result based on such determination result, and obtain a learning result.

[0225] Such a learning result is, for example, a learning model that outputs a mode that is predicted to leave an optimal communication result when data regarding the current situation is input. By executing mode switching determination using such a learning model, the base station device 30 and / or the terminal device 50 can select an optimal mode according to the current situation.

[0226] Also, the verification of the communication result may be performed, and the learning model may be updated by repeating additional learning based on the verification result. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the determination accuracy of the mode switching determination.

[0227] Also, for example, the base station device 30 and the terminal device 50 may each individually hold a learning model and perform additional learning individually based on the verification result of each communication. Thereby, it is possible to improve the determination accuracy of the learning model while absorbing the error between the devices.

[0228] <5-2. Other Modification Examples> The control device that controls the management device 10, the base station device 20, the base station device 30, or the terminal device 50 of the present embodiment may be realized by a dedicated computer system or may be realized by a general-purpose computer system.

[0229] For example, a program for executing the above-described operations is stored and distributed in a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disk, a semiconductor memory, a magnetic tape, or a flexible disk. Then, for example, the program is installed in a computer, and a control device is configured by executing the above-described processing. At this time, the control device may be a device external to the management device 10, the base station device 20, the base station device 30, or the terminal device 50 (for example, a personal computer). Further, the control device may be a device inside the management device 10, the base station device 20, the base station device 30, or the terminal device 50 (for example, the control unit 13, the control unit 24, the control unit 34, or the control unit 55).

[0230] Further, the communication program may be stored in a disk device provided in a server device on a network such as the Internet so that it can be downloaded to a computer. Further, the above-described functions may be realized by the cooperation of an OS (Operating System) and application software. In this case, the part other than the OS may be stored in a medium and distributed, or the part other than the OS may be stored in a server device so that it can be downloaded to a computer.

[0231] Further, among the respective processes described in the above embodiment, all or part of the processes described as being automatically performed can also be manually performed, or all or part of the processes described as being manually performed can be automatically performed by a known method. In addition, regarding the processing procedures, specific names, information including various data and parameters shown in the above document and drawings, they can be arbitrarily changed unless otherwise specified. For example, the various information shown in each figure is not limited to the illustrated information.

[0232] In addition, each component of each device shown in the drawings is a functional concept, and it is not necessarily physically configured as shown in the drawings. That is, the specific form of the distribution and integration of each device is not limited to that shown in the drawings, and all or part of it can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in any unit according to various loads and usage situations.

[0233] In addition, the above-described embodiments can be appropriately combined in a region where the processing contents do not conflict. Also, each step shown in the sequence diagram or flowchart of the present embodiment can be appropriately changed in order.

[0234] <<6. Conclusion>> As described above, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an information processing apparatus (for example, the terminal device 50 or the base station device 30) acquires information related to a communication environment, and determines a communication parameter based on a measurement result using a reference signal (for example, a reference signal). A first mode (for example, Measurement-based mode), a second mode (for example, ML-based mode) for determining a communication parameter based on a learning result of machine learning using information related to known communication, and a third mode for determining a communication parameter by the first mode and / or the second mode ( For example, in the Hybrid mode), the mode to be used is determined based on the information related to the communication environment. Thereby, reduction of overhead in wireless communication can be realized.

[0235] As described above, each embodiment of the present disclosure has been described. However, the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present disclosure. Also, components over different embodiments and modifications may be appropriately combined.

[0236] In addition, the effects in each embodiment described in this specification are merely examples and are not limited, and there may be other effects.

[0237] Note that the present technology can also take the following configuration. (1) An acquisition unit that acquires information related to a communication environment, A determining unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding a communication environment among a first mode of determining communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode; An information processing apparatus comprising the same. (2) The determining unit determines to use at least the second mode when it is determined that the variation status of communication is easy to predict based on the information regarding the communication environment. The information processing apparatus according to (1) above. (3) The information regarding the communication environment includes position information regarding a current position and / or a 3D map, and the determining unit determines whether the variation status is easy to predict based on the position information and / or the 3D map. The information processing apparatus according to (2) above. (4) The information regarding the communication environment includes information regarding a predetermined area around, and the determining unit determines whether to use the second mode based on a selection probability of beamforming when using the second mode, which is associated with each area. The information processing apparatus according to (1), (2) or (3) above. (5) The information regarding the communication environment includes a communication overhead rate, and the determining unit determines to use at least the second mode when it is determined that there is a large amount of overhead based on the overhead rate. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4) above. (6) The information regarding the communication environment includes information indicating the importance of communication, and the determining unit When it is determined that the importance is high, determine not to use at least only the second mode. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (5) above. (7) The information on the communication environment includes information indicating the magnitude of disturbance. The determination unit When it is determined that the disturbance is large, determine not to use at least only the second mode. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6) above. (8) The information on the known communication includes a BSM (Beam Strength Map). The determination unit In the second mode, based on the learning result of machine learning using the BSM with the SLR (Signal to Leakage Ratio) as an index of interference to non-targets, cause the beamforming index to be selected. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7) above. (9) The determination unit In the third mode, when a link or beam loss occurs in either the first mode or the second mode, perform fallback using the other mode. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (8) above. (10) The determination unit In the third mode, basically use the first mode during the use of the second mode, and if the divergence degree of the communication quality of both exceeds a predetermined threshold, switch the second mode to the first mode. The information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (9) above. (11) Obtain information on the communication environment, Determining a mode to be used based on information regarding the communication environment among a first mode of determining communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode; An information processing method including the above. (12) An acquisition unit that acquires information regarding the communication environment; A determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding the communication environment among a first mode of determining communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal from a base station apparatus, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode; A terminal device including the above. (13) An acquisition unit that acquires information regarding the communication environment from a terminal device; A determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding the communication environment among a first mode of determining communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode; A base station apparatus including the above. (14) A computer included in a terminal device, an acquisition unit that acquires information regarding the communication environment, a determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding the communication environment among a first mode of determining communication parameters based on measurement results using a reference signal from a base station apparatus, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode and / or the second mode; A program for causing [a device] to function as (15) causing a computer included in a base station device to function as an acquisition unit that acquires information regarding a communication environment from a terminal device, a determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding the communication environment, from among a first mode in which communication parameters are determined based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode in which the communication parameters are determined based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode in which the communication parameters are determined by the first mode and / or the second mode, A program for causing [a device] to function as

Explanation of Signs

[0238] 1 Information processing system 10 Management device 20, 30 Base station device 50 Terminal device 11, 23, 33, 53 Network communication unit 12, 22, 32, 52 Storage unit 13, 24, 34, 55 Control unit 21, 31, 51 Wireless communication unit 54 Input / output unit 131 Collection unit 132 Learning unit 133 Notification unit 134 Communication control unit 211, 311, 511 Reception processing unit 212, 312, 512 Transmission processing unit 213, 313, 513 Antenna 241, 341, 551 Acquisition unit 242, 342, 552 Determination unit 243, 343, 553 Setting unit 244, 344, 554 Notification unit 245, 345, 555 Communication control unit

Claims

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1. ] An acquisition unit that acquires information related to a communication environment including position information regarding the position where the information processing apparatus is located; Based on the measurement results using the reference signal, a first mode for determining communication parameters including at least one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation method, coding method, MIMO control, and handover control, a second mode for determining the communication parameters based on the learning results of machine learning using information related to known communication, and a third mode for determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information, a determination unit that determines a mode to be used based on the information related to the communication environment; An information processing apparatus comprising the same. [

2. ] The determination unit Based on the information related to the communication environment, when it is determined that the variation situation of the communication propagation environment is easy to predict, determines the use of the second mode in the third mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1. [

3. ] The information related to the communication environment further includes a 3D map regarding the current position. The determination unit Based on the position information and / or the 3D map, determines whether the variation situation of the propagation environment is easy to predict based on the communication quality information acquired by the information processing apparatus at the position in the past. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2. [

4. ] The information related to the communication environment includes information regarding a predetermined area where the information processing apparatus is located. The determination unit In the third mode, based on the information regarding the area, determines the use of the first mode or the second mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1. [

5. ] The information related to the communication environment includes information indicating the importance of communication. The determination unit When it is determined that the importance is high, determines the use of the first mode in the third mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1. [

6. ] The information related to the communication environment includes information indicating the magnitude of the interference level at the position where the information processing apparatus is located. The determination unit When it is determined that the interference level is high, determines the use of the first mode in the third mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1. [

7. ] The determination unit In the third mode, when a loss of a link or a beam occurs in one of the first mode and the second mode, perform fallback using the other mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

8. The determination unit: In the third mode, basically cause the first mode to be used during the use of the second mode, and if the degree of deviation in communication quality between the case where the communication parameters are set using the second mode and the case where the communication parameters are set using the first mode exceeds a predetermined threshold, switch the second mode to the first mode. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1.

9. Obtaining information regarding a communication environment including position information regarding the position where the information processing apparatus exists; Based on the measurement results using the reference signal, a first mode for determining communication parameters including at least one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation method, coding method, MIMO control, and handover control, a second mode for determining the communication parameters based on the learning results of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and determining a mode to be used based on the information regarding the communication environment among the third mode for determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information. An information processing method including:

10. The determining: Based on the information regarding the communication environment, when it is determined that the variation status of the communication propagation environment is easy to predict, determining the use of the second mode in the third mode. The information processing method according to claim 9 including:

11. The information regarding the communication environment further includes a 3D map regarding the current position, The determining: Based on the position information and / or the 3D map, determining whether the variation status of the propagation environment is easy to predict based on the communication quality information obtained by the information processing apparatus at the position in the past. The information processing method according to claim 10 including:

12. The information regarding the communication environment includes information regarding a predetermined area where the information processing apparatus exists, The determining: In the third mode, based on the information regarding the area, determining the use of the first mode or the second mode. The information processing method according to claim 9 including:

13. The information about the communication environment includes information indicating the importance of communication, and the determining includes when it is determined that the importance is high, determining to use the first mode in the third mode, The information processing method according to claim 9, including

14. An acquisition unit that acquires information about a communication environment including position information regarding the position where the terminal device exists, Based on the measurement results using the reference signal from the base station device, a first mode for determining communication parameters including at least one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation method, coding method, MIMO control, and handover control, a second mode for determining the communication parameters based on the learning results of machine learning using information about known communication, and a third mode for determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information. A determination unit that determines the mode to be used based on the information about the communication environment among them, A terminal device comprising

15. An acquisition unit that acquires information about a communication environment including position information regarding the position where the terminal device exists from the terminal device, Based on the measurement results using the reference signal, a first mode for determining communication parameters including at least one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation method, coding method, MIMO control, and handover control, a second mode for determining the communication parameters based on the learning results of machine learning using information about known communication, and a third mode for determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information. A determination unit that determines the mode to be used based on the information about the communication environment among them, A base station device comprising

16. The computer of the terminal device is an acquisition unit that acquires information about a communication environment including position information regarding the position where the terminal device exists, A determining unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding a communication environment, from among a first mode of determining communication parameters including at least any one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation scheme, coding scheme, MIMO control, and handover control based on measurement results using a reference signal from a base station apparatus, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information. A program for causing it to function. [

17. ] A computer included in a base station apparatus, An acquisition unit that acquires information regarding a communication environment including position information regarding a position where the terminal apparatus exists from the terminal apparatus, A determining unit that determines a mode to be used based on information regarding a communication environment, from among a first mode of determining communication parameters including at least any one of transmission power, transmission timing, modulation scheme, coding scheme, MIMO control, and handover control based on measurement results using a reference signal, a second mode of determining the communication parameters based on a learning result of machine learning using information regarding known communication, and a third mode of determining the communication parameters by the first mode or the second mode according to the position information. A program for causing it to function.

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