METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECEIPT OF MULTICAST DATA BASED ON DRX OPERATION IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Patent application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for a user equipment (UE) receiving a data unit in a wireless communication system, which includes the steps of receiving a data unit during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration related to a multicast transmission for a hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process, transmitting a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the data unit not being successfully decoded, starting a HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer of a second discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration related to a unicast transmission for the HARQ process, and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) related to the retransmitted data unit during the active time of the second DRX configuration based on the expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for receiving multicast data based on discontinuous reception (DRX) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] With the introduction of new wireless communication technologies, not only the number of UEs served by a base station in a given resource region but also the amount of data and control information transmitted and received by the base station to and from the served UEs is increasing. Because the amount of radio resources available for a base station to communicate with a UE is finite, a new scheme is needed for a base station to efficiently transmit and receive uplink / downlink data and / or uplink / downlink control information to and from a UE using the finite radio resources. In particular, there is an increasing number of applications whose performance is significantly affected by delay / latency. Therefore, a scheme for reducing delay / latency compared to existing systems is needed. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for receiving multicast data based on discontinuous reception (DRX) by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The technical object of the present invention is achieved by a method including the steps of receiving a data unit during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration associated with multicast transmission for a Hybrid Automatic Repeat and request (HARQ) process; transmitting a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the data unit not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ Round-trip Time (RTT) timer for a second discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration associated with unicast transmission for the HARQ process; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with the retransmitted data unit during the active time of the second DRX configuration based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

[0005] In a wireless communication system, a user equipment (UE) is proposed, the UE including at least one transceiver, at least one processor, and at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations, the operations including receiving a data unit during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration associated with multicast transmission for a hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process; transmitting a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the data unit not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer for a second discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration associated with unicast transmission for the HARQ process; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with a retransmitted data unit during the active time of the second DRX configuration based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

[0006] The active time of the second DRX configuration includes the duration for which the DRX retransmission timer of the second DRX configuration runs after the HARQ RTT timer expires.

[0007] Further, the method includes initiating a DRX retransmission of the second DRX configuration based on the expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

[0008] The step of receiving the data unit includes receiving the data unit based on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) identified by a Group-Radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI), and the PDCCH associated with the retransmitted data unit is identified by a Cell-RNTI (C-RNTI).

[0009] Further included is receiving the retransmitted data unit based on a PDCCH associated with the retransmitted data unit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, if a UE (user equipment) fails to receive a PTM transmission, the UE will transmit a data failure during the PTM and PTP transmissions, and will be able to receive a retransmission of the data via the PTP transmission without further delay.

[0011] The effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] The accompanying drawings are provided to aid in the understanding of the present invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0013] [Figure 1]1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system to which the present invention is applied;

[0014] [Figure 2] 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a communication device for carrying out a method according to the present invention;

[0015] [Figure 3] 1 illustrates another example of a wireless device for implementing the present invention.

[0016] [Figure 4] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protocol stack in a wireless communication system based on 3GPP (registered trademark) (third generation partnership project).

[0017] [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame structure in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0018] [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of data flow in a 3GPP NR system.

[0019] [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation by PDCCH and an example of PUSCH time resource allocation by PDCCH.

[0020] [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0021] [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of physical layer processing on the receiving side.

[0022] [Figure 10] 1 illustrates the operation of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] [Figure 11] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of receiving multicast data units according to the present invention.

[0024] [Figure 12] 4 is a flow chart illustrating an example of receiving multicast data units in accordance with the present invention.

[0025] [Figure 13] A figure showing an example of a PDCP entity including a PTM leg for PTM transmission and a PTP leg for PTP transmission according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0026] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description described with the accompanying drawings is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present invention and is not the only embodiment that can be implemented by the present invention. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without such specific details.

[0027] The following technologies can be used for various wireless access systems, such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as UTRA (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access) and CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as GSM (Global System for Mobile communications), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), and EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE802-20, and E-UTRA (Evolved UTRA). IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (long term evolution) is part of E-UMTS (Evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA and employs OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0028] For convenience of explanation, the following description will be made in relation to a 3GPP-based communication system. However, the technical features of the present description are not limited thereto. For example, even if the following detailed description is made based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based system, the details other than those specific to the 3GPP-based system can be applied to any other mobile communication system. For terms and techniques described in the present description that are not specifically mentioned, reference may be made to wireless communication standard documents prior to the publication of the present specification. For example, the following documents may be referred to:

[0029] 3GPP LTE

[0030] -3GPP TS36.211: Physical channels and modulation

[0031] -3GPP TS36.212:Multiplexing and channel coding

[0032] -3GPP TS36.213:Physical layer procedures

[0033] -3GPP TS36.214:Physical layer; Measurements

[0034] -3GPP TS36.300:Overall description

[0035] -3GPP TS36.304:User Equipment(UE) procedures in idle mode

[0036] -3GPP TS36.314:Layer 2-Measurements

[0037] -3GPP TS36.321:Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol

[0038] -3GPP TS36.322:Radio Link Control(RLC) protocol

[0039] -3GPP TS36.323:Packet Data Convergence Protocol(PDCP)

[0040] -3GPP TS36.331:Radio Resource Control(RRC) protocol

[0041] 3GPP NR(e.g.5G)

[0042] -3GPP TS38.211:Physical channels and modulation

[0043] -3GPP TS38.212:Multiplexing and channel coding

[0044] -3GPP TS38.213:Physical layer procedures for control

[0045] -3GPP TS38.214:Physical layer procedures for data

[0046] -3GPP TS38.215:Physical layer measurements

[0047] -3GPP TS38.300:Overall description

[0048] -3GPP TS38.304:User Equipment(UE) procedures in idle mode and in RRC inactive state

[0049] -3GPP TS38.321:Medium Access Control(MAC) protocol

[0050] -3GPP TS38.322:Radio Link Control(RLC) protocol

[0051] -3GPP TS38.323:Packet Data Convergence Protocol(PDCP)

[0052] -3GPP TS38.331:Radio Resource Control(RRC) protocol

[0053] -3GPP TS37.324:Service Data Adaptation Protocol(SDAP)

[0054] -3GPP TS37.340:Multi-connectivity;Overall description

[0055] In this specification, a UE may be fixed or mobile, and includes various devices that communicate with a base station (BS) to transmit and receive user data and / or various control information. A UE may also be referred to as a terminal equipment (Terminal Equipment), a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a handheld device, etc. In addition, in this specification, a BS generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with a UE and / or other BSs, and communicates with the UE and other BSs to exchange various data and control information. A BS may also be referred to by other terms, such as an advanced base station (ABS), a node-B (NB), an evolved-nodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (Access Point), or a processing server (PS). In particular, a BS in UMTS is called an NB, a BS in EPC / LTE is called an eNB, and a BS in the NR (new radio) system is called a gNB.

[0056] In this specification, a node refers to a fixed point that can communicate with a UE and transmit / receive wireless signals. Various types of eNBs can be used as nodes, regardless of their names. For example, a BS, NB, eNB, picocell eNB (PeNB), home eNB (HeNB), relay, repeater, etc. can be used as a node. A node does not have to be an eNB. For example, a radio remote head (RRH) or a radio remote unit (RRU) can also be used. RRHs and RRUs generally have a lower power level than the eNB. Because RRHs or RRUs (hereinafter referred to as RRHs / RRUs) are generally connected to an eNB via a dedicated line such as an optical cable, cooperative communication between the RRHs / RRUs and the eNB can be performed more smoothly than cooperative communication between eNBs connected via a wireless line. At least one antenna is installed in each node. The antenna may refer to a physical antenna, an antenna port, a virtual antenna, or an antenna group.

[0057] As used herein, a "cell" refers to a geographical area or radio resource where one or more nodes provide communication services. A "cell" of a geographical area can be understood as the coverage where a node can provide services using a carrier. A "cell" as a radio resource (e.g., time-frequency resource) relates to a bandwidth (BW), which is a frequency range configured by the carrier. A "cell" related to radio resources is defined by a combination of downlink and uplink resources, for example, a combination of a downlink (DL) component carrier (CC) and an uplink (UL) CC. A cell can be configured with only downlink resources or a combination of downlink and uplink resources. Downlink coverage, which is the range where a node can transmit a valid signal, and uplink coverage, which is the range where a node can receive a valid signal from a UE, depend on the carrier carrying the signal. Therefore, the coverage of a node can also be related to the coverage of a "cell" of radio resources used by the node. Thus, the term "cell" can sometimes refer to the coverage of a service by a node, sometimes to radio resources, and sometimes to the area that a signal using said radio resources can reach with sufficient strength.

[0058] In the present invention, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) respectively refer to a set of time-frequency resources or resource elements (REs) carrying downlink control information (DCI) and a set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying downlink data. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and a physical random access channel (PRACH) respectively refer to a set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying uplink control information (UCI), a set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying uplink data, and a set of time-frequency resources or REs carrying random access signals.

[0059] In carrier aggregation (CA), two or more CCs are aggregated. A UE can simultaneously receive or transmit one or multiple CCs depending on its capabilities. CA is supported for both contiguous and non-contiguous CCs. When CA is configured, the UE only establishes one radio resource control (RRC) connection with the network. During RRC connection establishment / re-establishment / handover, one serving cell provides non-access stratum (NAS) mobility information, and during RRC connection re-establishment / handover, one serving cell provides security input. This cell is called the primary cell (PCell). The PCell is the cell operating on the primary frequency, where the UE performs the initial connection establishment procedure or initiates the connection re-establishment procedure. Depending on the UE capabilities, a secondary cell (SCell) is configured to form a serving cell set together with the PCell. An SCell is a cell that provides additional radio resources in addition to the special cell. Therefore, the serving cell set configured for a UE always consists of one PCell and one or more SCells. For dual connectivity operation, the term special cell (SpCell) refers to a PCell of a master cell group (MCG) or a PSCell of a secondary cell group (SCG). An SpCell supports PUCCH transmission and contention-based optional connections and is always activated. An MCG is a serving cell group associated with a master node and includes an SpCell (PCell) and optionally one or more SCells. An SCG is a subset of serving cells associated with a secondary node and consists of a PSCell and zero or more SCells for a UE configured with dual connectivity (DC). For an RRC_CONNECTED UE not configured with CA / DC, there is only one serving cell consisting of a PCell.For an RRC_CONNECTED UE configured for CA / DC, the term "serving cell" is used to refer to the cell set consisting of the SpCell and all SCells.

[0060] The MCG is a group of serving cells associated with a master BS that terminates at least the S1-MME, and the SCG is a group of serving cells associated with a secondary BS that provides additional radio resources for the UE but is not the master BS. The SCG consists of a primary SCell (PSCell) and optionally one or more SCells. In a DC, two MAC entities, i.e., a MAC entity for the MCG and a MAC entity for the SCG, are configured in the UE. Each MAC entity is configured by RRC as a serving cell that supports PUCCH transmission and contention-based voluntary access. In the present invention, the term SPCell refers to such a cell, while the term SCell refers to another serving cell. The term SPCell refers to a PCell of the MCG or a PSCell of the SCG depending on whether the MAC entity is associated with the MCG or the SCG, respectively.

[0061] In the present invention, channel monitoring means attempting to decode a channel, for example, PDCCH monitoring means attempting to decode a PDCCH (or a PDCCH candidate).

[0062] In this specification, "C-RNTI" refers to the cell RNTI, "SI-RNTI" refers to the system information RNTI, "P-RNTI" refers to the paging RNTI, "RA-RNTI" refers to the optional connection RNTI, "SC-RNTI" refers to the single cell RNTI, "SL-RNTI" refers to the sidelink RNTI, "SPS C-RNTI" refers to the semi-persistent scheduling C-RNTI, and "CS-RNTI" refers to the configured scaled RNTI.

[0063] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication system to which the present invention is applied.

[0064] The three main requirement areas for 5G include (1) the Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) area, (2) the massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) area, and (3) the Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) area.

[0065] Some use cases may require multiple areas for optimization, while others may focus on just one key performance indicator (KPI). 5G supports these various use cases in a flexible and reliable way.

[0066] eMBB goes far beyond basic mobile Internet access, covering media and entertainment applications in rich two-way work, cloud, or augmented reality. Data is one of the core drivers of 5G, and for the first time in the 5G era, dedicated voice services may not be seen. In 5G, voice is expected to be handled simply as an application using the data connection provided by the communication system. The increased traffic volume is primarily due to the increase in content size and the growing number of applications requiring high data transmission rates. Streaming services (audio and video), conversational video, and mobile Internet connections will become more widespread as more devices connect to the Internet. Many such applications require always-on connectivity to push real-time information and notifications to users. Cloud storage and applications are proliferating on mobile communication platforms, applicable to both work and entertainment. Cloud storage is also a particular use case driving the growth of uplink data transmission rates. 5G will also be used for cloud remote work, which requires lower end-to-end latency to maintain a good user experience when haptic interfaces are used. Entertainment, such as cloud gaming and video streaming, is another key element that increases the demand for mobile broadband capabilities. Entertainment is essential on smartphones and tablets everywhere, including in highly mobile environments such as trains, cars, and airplanes. Another use case is augmented reality and information retrieval for entertainment, where augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous data volume.

[0067] One of the most anticipated use cases for 5G is its ability to seamlessly connect embedded sensors across all sectors, or mMTC. It is predicted that there will be 20.4 billion potential IoT devices by 2020. Industrial IoT is one area where 5G will play a key role in enabling smart cities, asset tracking, smart utilities, agriculture, and security infrastructure.

[0068] URLLC encompasses new services that will transform industries through ultra-reliable / available low-latency links, such as remote control of key infrastructure and self-driving vehicles. Reliability and latency levels are essential for smart grid control, industrial automation, robotics, and drone control and coordination.

[0069] 5G is a means of delivering streams rated at hundreds of megabits per second to gigabits per second, complementing fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (or DOCSIS). Such high speeds are required to transmit TV at resolutions above 4K (6K, 8K, and beyond), as well as virtual and augmented reality. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications often involve immersive sports competitions. Certain applications may require special network configurations. For example, in the case of VR games, gaming companies must integrate their core servers with the network operator's edge network servers to minimize latency.

[0070] Automotive is expected to be a key new driver of 5G, with many use cases for mobile communications within vehicles. For example, passenger entertainment will require simultaneous high-capacity and highly mobile broadband because future users will expect continuous, high-quality connectivity regardless of their location and speed. Another example in the automotive sector is the augmented reality dashboard, which overlays a display on top of what the driver sees through the front window, identifying objects in the dark and providing information to the driver about their distance and movement. In the future, wireless modules will enable communication between vehicles, information exchange between vehicles and supporting infrastructure, and information exchange between vehicles and other connected devices (e.g., devices accompanied by pedestrians). Safety systems will guide drivers through alternative courses of action to enable safer driving and reduce the risk of accidents. The next step will be remotely piloted or self-driven vehicles, which will require highly reliable and fast communication between different self-driving vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure. In the future, self-driving vehicles will perform all driving activities, allowing drivers to focus only on traffic anomalies that the vehicle itself cannot identify. The technical requirements for self-driving vehicles demand ultra-low latency and ultra-high-speed reliability, so that traffic safety will increase to a level unattainable by humans.

[0071] Smart cities and smart homes, often referred to as smart societies, are embedded with dense wireless sensor networks. A distributed network of intelligent sensors identifies requirements for cost- and energy-efficient maintenance of a city or home. A similar setup can be created for each home. Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers, burglar alarms, and home appliances are all wirelessly connected. Many of these sensors typically have low data transmission rates, low power consumption, and low cost. However, real-time HD video, for example, may be required for certain types of devices for surveillance.

[0072] The consumption and distribution of energy, including heat and gas, is highly decentralized, requiring automated control of distributed sensor networks. A smart grid interconnects such sensors, using digital information and communication technologies to collect and act on information. This information can include supplier and consumer actions, allowing the smart grid to improve the efficiency, reliability, economy, and sustainability of the production and distribution of fuels, such as electricity, in an automated manner. A smart grid can also be viewed as another low-latency sensor network.

[0073] Mission-critical applications (e.g., e-health) are one of the 5G usage scenarios. The health sector has many applications that can benefit from mobile communications. Communication systems can support telemedicine, which provides clinical care over long distances. This helps reduce the barrier of distance and can improve access to medical services that are not sustainably available in remote rural areas. It can also be used to save lives in critical care and emergency situations. Mobile-based wireless sensor networks can provide remote monitoring and sensing for parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure.

[0074] Wireless and mobile communications are becoming increasingly important in industrial applications. Cabling is expensive to install and maintain. The ability to replace cables with reconfigurable wireless links is therefore an attractive opportunity in many industrial sectors. However, achieving this requires that wireless connections operate with similar latency, reliability and capacity to cables, while simplifying their management. Low latency and very low error probability are new requirements that need to be met with 5G.

[0075] Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases for mobile communications that use location-based information systems to enable inventory and package tracking anywhere. Logistics and freight tracking use cases typically require low data rates, but require wide range and reliable location information.

[0076] 1, a communication system 1 includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Although FIG. 1 illustrates a 5G network as an example of the network of the communication system 1, the present invention is not limited to the 5G system and can be applied to next-generation communication systems beyond the 5G system.

[0077] The BS and network are embodied in wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can act as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0078] The wireless device refers to a device that communicates using a wireless access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G NR, LTE) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. The wireless device includes, but is not limited to, a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1, 100b-2, an XR (eXtended Reality) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT (Internet of Things) device 100f, and an AI device / server 400. For example, the vehicle includes a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Here, the vehicle includes an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices include Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR) devices, and are embodied in the form of Head-Mounted Devices (HMDs), Head-Up Displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, TVs, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital billboards, vehicles, robots, etc. Mobile devices include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), computers (e.g., laptops, etc.), etc. Home appliances include TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. IoT devices include sensors, smart meters, etc.

[0079] In the present invention, the wireless devices 100a to 100f are also referred to as UEs. Examples of UEs include mobile phones, smartphones, notebook computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), car navigation systems, slate PCs, tablet PCs, ultrabooks, vehicles, vehicles with autonomous driving capabilities, connected cars, UAVs, artificial intelligence (AI) modules, robots, augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, mixed reality (MR) devices, hologram devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, IoT devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, meteorological / environmental devices, devices related to 5G services, and devices related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. UAVs are, for example, aircraft that fly without a human on board and are controlled by wireless control signals. VR devices include, for example, devices for implementing objects or backgrounds in a virtual world. AR devices include, for example, devices embodied to connect virtual world objects or backgrounds with real world objects or backgrounds. MR devices include, for example, devices embodied to merge virtual world objects or backgrounds with real world objects or backgrounds. Hologram devices include, for example, devices for realizing 360-degree stereoscopic images by recording and reproducing three-dimensional information using the optical interference phenomenon generated when two lasers converge, known as holography. Public safety devices include, for example, wearable image relay devices or imaging devices. MTC devices and IoT devices include devices that do not require direct human intervention or operation. For example, MTC devices and IoT devices include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, and various sensors. Medical devices are, for example, devices used for diagnosis, treatment, mitigation, cure, and disease prevention. Medical devices are, for example, devices for diagnosing, treating, mitigating, or correcting injuries or disabilities. For example, medical devices are devices used to rescue, examine, replace, or correct functions.For example, a medical device is a device for birth control. For example, medical devices include devices for medical examination, surgery, (in-vitro) diagnostics, hearing aids, and treatment devices. A security device is, for example, a device installed to prevent possible dangers and ensure safety. For example, security devices include cameras, CCTV, recorders, and black boxes. A fintech device is, for example, a device that provides financial services such as mobile payments. For example, a fintech device includes a payment device or a POS (point of sales) system. A weather / environment device includes, for example, a device for monitoring the weather / environment.

[0080] The wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to a network 300 via a BS 200. AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology is applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f are connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 is configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, or a beyond 5G network. The wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, but can also communicate directly without going through the BS / network (e.g., sidelink communication). For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). Furthermore, an IoT device (for example, a sensor) can directly communicate with other IoT devices (for example, sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0081] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b are performed between the wireless devices 100a-100f / BSs 200. Here, the wireless communication / connections are performed using various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication). The wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b enable the wireless devices and BSs / wireless devices to transmit / receive wireless signals with each other. For example, the wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, according to various proposals of the present invention, any one of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes is performed.

[0082] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication device that can perform the method according to the present invention.

[0083] 2, a first wireless device 100 and a second wireless device 200 can transmit and receive wireless signals to and from external devices via various RATs (e.g., LTE, NR). In Fig. 2, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} correspond to {wireless devices 100a-100f and BS 200} and / or {wireless devices 100a-100f and wireless devices 100a-100f} in Fig. 1.

[0084] The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and further includes one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 is configured to control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 to implement the functions, procedures, and / or methods disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 processes information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signals and then transmits a wireless signal including the first information / signals via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 also receives a wireless signal including second information / signals via the transceiver 106 and then stores information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signals in the memory 104. The memory 104 is coupled to the processor 102 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for performing the procedures and / or methods disclosed herein. Here, the processor 102 and memory 104 are part of a communications modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 is coupled to the processor 102 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may also be referred to as an RF (radio frequency) unit. In this disclosure, wireless equipment may also refer to a communications modem / circuit / chip.

[0085] The second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and further includes one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 is configured to control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 to implement the functions, procedures, and / or methods disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 processes information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signal, and then transmits a wireless signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 also receives a wireless signal including fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206, and then stores information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 is coupled to the processor 202 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for performing the procedures and / or methods disclosed herein. Here, the processor 202 and memory 204 are part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 is coupled to the processor 202 and transmits and / or receives radio signals via one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may also be referred to as an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may also refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0086] The hardware elements of the wireless devices 100, 200 are described in more detail below. Without limitation, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102, 202. For example, the one or more processors 102, 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical PHY layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein and provide the signals to the one or more transceivers 106, 206. The one or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106, 206 and obtain the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein.

[0087] The one or more processors 102, 202 may also be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. The one or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the one or more processors 102, 202 may include one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be embodied to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein may be included in the one or more processors 102, 202 or may be stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and executed by the one or more processors 102, 202. The functions, procedures, suggestions and / or methods disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0088] The one or more memories 104, 204 are coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be located internal and / or external to the one or more processors 102, 202. Additionally, the one or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 via various techniques, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0089] One or more transceivers 106, 206 can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the methods and / or flowcharts herein to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts herein from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 can be coupled to one or more processors 102, 202 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Also, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 are coupled to one or more antennas 108, 208, and are configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed herein via the one or more antennas 108, 208. In this specification, one or more antennas may refer to multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from RF-band signals to baseband signals for processing by one or more processors 102, 202. The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed by one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF-band signals. For this purpose, the one or more transceivers 106, 206 may include an (analog) oscillator and / or a filter.For example, the transceiver 106, 206 may upconvert an OFDM baseband signal to a carrier frequency using the transceiver's (analog) oscillator and / or filter under control of the processor 102, 202, and transmit the upconverted OFDM signal at the carrier frequency. The transceiver 106, 206 may receive an OFDM signal at the carrier frequency and downconvert the OFDM signal to an OFDM baseband signal using the transceiver's (analog) oscillator and / or filter under control of the processor 102, 202.

[0090] In an embodiment of the present invention, a UE operates as a transmitter in the uplink and as a receiver in the downlink. In an embodiment of the present invention, a BS operates as a receiver in the uplink and as a transmitter in the downlink. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, unless otherwise specified or explained, it is assumed that a first wireless device 100 operates as a UE and a second wireless device 200 operates as a BS. For example, a processor 102 coupled to, mounted on, or launched in the first wireless device 100 is configured to perform a UE operation according to an embodiment of the present invention or to control a transceiver 106 to perform a UE operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. A processor 202 coupled to, mounted on, or launched in the second wireless device 200 is configured to perform a BS operation according to an embodiment of the present invention or to control a transceiver 206 to perform a BS operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] In the present invention, at least one memory (e.g., 104 or 204) stores instructions or programs that, when executed, cause at least one processor operably coupled thereto to perform operations according to some embodiment or implementation of the present invention.

[0092] In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one instruction or computer program that, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform operations according to any of the embodiments or implementations of the present invention.

[0093] In the present invention, a processing device or apparatus includes at least one processor and at least one computer memory coupleable to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present invention.

[0094] 3 is a diagram illustrating another example of a wireless device capable of implementing the present invention. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see FIG. 1).

[0095] Referring to FIG. 3, wireless devices 100 and 200 correspond to the wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 2 and are composed of various elements, components, units / components, and / or modules. For example, the wireless devices 100 and 200 include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit includes a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 includes one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 2. For example, the transceiver 114 includes one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 2. The control unit 120 is electrically coupled to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional component 140 and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 controls the electrical and mechanical operations of the wireless device based on programs, codes, instructions, and information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 also transmits information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication device) via the wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110, or stores information received from the outside (e.g., other communication device) via the wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110 in the memory unit 130.

[0096] The additional element 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element 140 may include any one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit (e.g., an audio I / O port, a video I / O port), a driving unit, and a computer unit. Wireless devices may be embodied in the form of, but not limited to, a robot (FIG. 1, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 1, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 1, 100c), a mobile device (FIG. 1, 100d), a home appliance (FIG. 1, 100e), an IoT device (FIG. 1, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (FIG. 1, 400), a BS (FIG. 1, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or fixed depending on the use case / service.

[0097] 3, various elements, components, units / sections, and / or modules within wireless devices 100 and 200 are all connected to each other via a wired interface, or at least some are connected wirelessly via communication unit 110. For example, within wireless devices 100 and 200, control unit 120 and communication unit 110 are connected via a wire, and control unit 120 and a first unit (e.g., 130, 140) are connected wirelessly via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / section, and / or module within wireless devices 100 and 200 further includes one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 is configured with a set of one or more processors. For example, control unit 120 is configured with a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), a graphics processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit 130 may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0098] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a protocol stack in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0099] In particular, FIG. 4(a) illustrates an example of a user plane protocol stack for the air interface between a UE and a base station (BS), and FIG. 4(b) illustrates an example of a control plane protocol stack for the air interface between a UE and a BS. The control plane refers to a path through which control messages used by the UE and the network to manage a call are transmitted. The user plane refers to a path through which data generated in the application layer, such as voice data or Internet packet data, is transmitted. Referring to FIG. 4(a), the user plane protocol stack is divided into a first layer (layer 1) (i.e., the physical (PHY) layer) and a second layer (layer 2). Referring to FIG. 4(b), the control plane protocol stack is divided into layer 1 (i.e., the PHY layer), layer 2, and layer 3 (e.g., the radio resource control (RRC) layer and the non-access stratum (NAS) layer). Layers 1, 2, and 3 are called access stratums (AS).

[0100] The NAS control protocol is terminated by the access management function (AMF) on the network side and performs authentication, mobility management, security control, etc.

[0101] In a 3GPP LTE system, Layer 2 is divided into the following sub-layers: medium access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP). In a 3GPP New Radio (NR) system, Layer 2 is divided into the following sub-layers: MAC, RLC, PDCP, and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP). The PHY layer provides transmission channels to the MAC sub-layer, which provides logical channels to the RLC sub-layer, which provides RLC channels to the PDCP sub-layer, which provides radio bearers to the SDAP sub-layer. The SDAP sub-layer provides QoS flows to the 5G core network.

[0102] In 3GPP NR systems, the main services and functions of SDAP include: mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers; marking of QoS flow ID (QFI) in both DL and UL packets. A single protocol entity of SDAP is configured for each PDU section.

[0103] In a 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the RRC sub-layer include: broadcasting of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by 5GC or NG-RAN; setting up, maintaining and releasing the RRC connection between the UE and the NG-RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, setting up, maintaining and releasing of signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs); mobility functions (including handover and context transfer; UE cell selection, reselection and control of cell selection and reselection; inter-RAT mobility); QoS management functions, UE measurement reporting and reporting control; detection of and recovery from radio link failures; and transmission of NAS messages from the UE to the NAS and from the NAS to the UE.

[0104] In a 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the PDCP sub-layer for the user plane include: sequence numbering; header compression and decompression (only in the case of robust header compression (ROHC)); user data transmission; reordering and duplicate detection; in-order transmission; PDCP PDU routing (in the case of a split bearer); PDCP SDU retransmission; ciphering, deciphering, and integrity protection; PDCP SDU discard; PDCP re-establishment and data recovery for RLC AM; PDCH status reporting for RLC AM; PDCP PDU duplication and indication to lower layers that duplicates should be discarded. The main services and functions of the PDCP sub-layer for the control plane include: sequence numbering; ciphering, deciphering, and integrity protection; control plane data transmission; reordering and duplicate detection; in-order transmission; PDCP PDU duplication and indication to lower layers that duplicates should be discarded.

[0105] In a 3GPP NR system, the RLC sublayer supports three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). RLC configuration is applied per logical channel, independent of pneumatology and / or transmission duration. In a 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the RLC sublayer depend on the transmission mode and include: delivery of higher layer PDUs; sequence numbering independent of PDCP numbering (for UM and AM); error correction using automatic repeat request (ARQ) (for AM only); RLC SDU segmentation (for UM and AM) and re-segmentation (for AM only); SDU reassembly (for UM and AM); RLC SDU discard (for UM and AM); RLC re-establishment; and protocol error detection (for AM only).

[0106] In a 3GPP NR system, the main services and functions of the MAC sublayer include: mapping between logical channels and transmission channels; multiplexing / demultiplexing of MAC SDUs belonging to one or different logical channels to / from transport blocks (TBs) transmitted to / from the PHY layer via transmission channels; scale information reporting; error correction using hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) (one HARQ entity per cell in the case of CA); priority handling between UEs using dynamic scheduling; priority handling between logical channels of one UE using logical channel priority; and padding. A single MAC entity supports multiple pneumatics, transmission timings, and cells. In logical channel priority, mapping constraints control which pneumatics, cells, and transmission timings a logical channel uses. Different types of data transmission services are provided by the MAC. To accommodate different types of data transmission services, multiple logical channel types are defined, each supporting a specific type of information transmission. Each logical channel type is defined according to the type of information being transmitted. Logical channels are classified into two groups: control channels and traffic channels. Control channels are used to carry only control plane information, and traffic control channels are used to carry only user plane information.The broadcast control channel (BCCH) is a downlink logical channel for broadcasting system control information, the paging control channel (PCCH) is a downlink logical channel for carrying paging information, system information change notifications, and indications of ongoing PWS broadcasts, the common control channel (CCCH) is a logical channel for transmitting control information between a UE and a network and is used for UEs that do not have an RRC connection with the network, the dedicated control channel (DCCH) is a point-to-point bidirectional logical channel for transmitting dedicated control information between a UE and a network and is used by UEs that have an RRC connection, and the dedicated traffic channel (DTCH) is a point-to-point logical channel dedicated to a single UE for carrying user information. DTCH exists in both the uplink and downlink. In the downlink, the connections between logical channels and transport channels are as follows: BCCH is mapped to BCH; BCCH is mapped to downlink shared channel (DL-SCH); PCCH is mapped to PCH; CCCH is mapped to DL-SCH; DCCH is mapped to DL-SCH; DTCH is mapped to DL-SCH. In the uplink, the connections between logical channels and transport channels are as follows: CCCH is mapped to uplink shared channel (UL-SCH); DCCH is mapped to UL-SCH; DTCH is mapped to UL-SCH.

[0107] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a frame structure in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system.

[0108] The frame structure of Figure 5 is merely an example, and the number of subframes, slots, and / or symbols in a frame may be variously changed. In a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, OFDM numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS), transmission time interval (TTI) duration) is configured to be different among multiple cells aggregated for one UE. For example, if a UE is configured with different SCSs for aggregated cells, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or TTIs) consisting of the same number of symbols may be different among the aggregated cells. Here, the symbols include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0109] Referring to Figure 5, uplink and downlink transmissions are organized into frames. Each frame is T f Each half-frame is composed of five subframes, and the duration of each subframe (T sf ) is 1 ms. Each subframe is divided into slots, and the number of slots in a subframe varies depending on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot consists of 14 or 12 OFDM symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). In normal CP, each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols, and in extended CP, each slot consists of 12 OFDM symbols. Pneumatology uses exponentially scalable subcarrier spacing (△f=2 u *Based on 15kHz. The following table shows the subcarrier spacing (△f=2 u *15 kHz) indicates the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots for the general CP.

[0110] [Table 1]

[0111] The following table shows the subcarrier spacing (△f=2 u *15 kHz) indicates the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame and the number of slots per subframe for the extended CP.

[0112] [Table 2]

[0113] A slot includes multiple (e.g., 14 or 12) symbols in the time domain. For each pneumatic (e.g., subcarrier spacing) and carrier, a common resource block (CRB) (N) is allocated as indicated by higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling). start,u grid ), N size,u grid,x *N RB sc subcarriers and N subframe,u symb A resource grid of N OFDM symbols is defined, where N size,u grid,x is the number of resource blocks (RB) in the resource grid, the subscript x is DL for downlink and UL for uplink, N RB sc is the number of subcarriers per RB. In a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, N RB sc is typically 12. For a given antenna port (p), subcarrier spacing configuration (u) and transmission direction (DL or UL), there is one resource grid. The carrier bandwidth (Nsize,u grid ) is given by higher layer parameters (e.g., RRC parameters). Each element in the resource grid for an antenna port (p) and subcarrier spacing setting (u) is called a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol is mapped to each resource element. Each resource element in the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index (k) in the frequency domain and an index (l) indicating the symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain. In 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, an RB is defined by 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

[0114] In a 3GPP NR system, RBs are classified into common resource blocks (CRBs) and physical resource blocks (PRBs). CRBs are numbered in the frequency domain, starting from 0 and increasing for a subcarrier spacing setting (u). The center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 for a subcarrier spacing setting (u) coincides with 'point A', the common reference point for the resource block grid. In a 3GPP NR system, PRBs are defined within a bandwidth part (BWP) and are numbered from 0 to N. size BWP,i The numbering is from -1 to i, where i is the number of the bandwidth part. PRB ) and common resource blocks (n CRB ) the relationship between them is as follows: TIFF0007734824000003.tif8147 where N size BWP,i is a common resource block whose bandwidth part starts for CRB 0. A BWP contains multiple consecutive RBs in the frequency domain. A carrier contains up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE can be configured with one or more BWPs on a given configured carrier. Of the BWPs configured for a UE, only one BWP can be active at a time. The activated BWP defines the UE's operating bandwidth within the cell's operating bandwidth.

[0115] The NR frequency band is defined by two types of frequency ranges, FR1 and FR2. FR2 is also called millimeter wave (mmW). The frequency ranges in which NR can operate are distinguished as shown in Table 3.

[0116] [Table 3]

[0117] FIG. 6 shows an example of a data flow in a 3GPP NR system.

[0118] In Figure 6, "RB" stands for radio bearer and "H" stands for header. Radio bearers are classified into two groups: data radio bearers (DRB) for user plane data and signaling radio bearers (SRB) for control plane data. MAC PDUs are transmitted and received with external devices via the PHY layer using radio resources. MAC PDUs reach the PHY layer in the form of transport blocks.

[0119] In the PHY layer, the uplink transport channels UL-SCH and RACH are mapped to PUSCH and PRACH, respectively, and the downlink transport channels DL-SCH, BCH, and PCH are mapped to PDSCH, physical broadcast channel (PBCH), and PDSCH, respectively. In the PHY layer, uplink control information (UCI) is mapped to PUCCH, and downlink control information (DCI) is mapped to PDCCH. MAC PDUs associated with the UL-SCH are transmitted by the UE via PUSCH based on an uplink grant, and MAC PDUs associated with the DL-SCH are transmitted by the BS via PDSCH based on a downlink allocation.

[0120] To transmit a data unit of the present invention via the UL-SCH, the UE must have uplink resources available to the UE. To receive a data unit of the present invention via the DL-SCH, the UE must have downlink resources available to the UE. Resource allocation includes time domain resource allocation and frequency domain resource allocation. In this invention, uplink resource allocation is also referred to as uplink grant, and downlink resource allocation is also referred to as downlink assignment. The uplink grant is dynamically received by the UE via the PDCCH within an Optional Access Response or semi-persistently configured to the UE by RRC. The downlink assignment is dynamically received by the UE via the PDCCH or semi-persistently configured to the UE by RRC signaling from the BS.

[0121] In the uplink, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to the UE using the cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) on the PDCCH. When the UE's downlink reception is enabled (activity governed by discontinuous reception (DRX) at the time of configuration), the UE constantly monitors the PDCCH to look for possible grants for uplink transmission. Using the configured grant, the BS can also allocate uplink resources for initial HARQ transmission to the UE. Two types of configured uplink grants are defined: Type 1 and Type 2. In Type 1, the RRC directly provides the configured uplink grant (including the periodicity). In Type 2, the RRC defines the periodicity of the configured uplink grant, during which the PDCCH addressed to the configured scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI) signals and activates or deactivates the configured uplink grant. That is, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that the uplink grant can be implicitly reused at a period defined by the RRC until the uplink grant is deactivated.

[0122] In the downlink, the BS can dynamically allocate resources to the UE by means of C-RNTI on the PDCCH. The UE always monitors the PDCCH to search for possible grants when the UE's downlink reception is enabled (at setup, activity controlled by DRX). Also, using semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), the BS can allocate downlink resources to the UE for initial HARQ transmissions. The RRC signals and activates or deactivates a downlink allocation where a PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI is set, or defines the period of a set downlink allocation while it can be signaled and activated. That is, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that the downlink allocation can be implicitly reused according to the period defined by the RRC until the downlink allocation is deactivated.

[0123] <Resource Allocation by PDCCH (i.e., Resource Allocation by DCI)>

[0124] The PDCCH is used to schedule downlink transmissions on the PDSCH and uplink transmissions on the PUSCH, where the DCI on the PDCCH includes: a downlink allocation related to the DL-SCH, at least including modulation and coding format (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index (IMCS)), resource allocation, and hybrid ARQ information; or an uplink scheduling grant related to the UL-SCH, including modulation and coding format, resource allocation, and hybrid ARQ information. The size and use of the DCI carried by one PDCCH vary according to the DCI format. For example, in the 3GPP NR system, DCI format 0_0 or DCI format 0_1 is used for scheduling PUSCH in one cell, and DCI format 1_0 or DCI format 1_1 is used for scheduling PDSCH in one cell.

[0125] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of PDSCH time domain resource allocation by the PDCCH and an example of PUSCH time domain resource allocation by the PDCCH.

[0126] To schedule a PDSCH or a PUSCH, the DCI carried by the PDCCH includes a value m for row index m+1 in the allocation table for the PDSCH or PUSCH. Either a predetermined default PDSCH time domain allocation A, B, or C is applied to the allocation table for the PDSCH, or an RRC-configured PDSCH-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied to the allocation table for the PDSCH. Either a predetermined default PUSCH time domain allocation A is applied to the allocation table for the PUSCH, or an RRC-configured PUSCH-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied to the allocation table for the PUSCH. Which PDSCH time domain resource allocation configuration and which PUSCH time domain resource allocation table are applied are determined by fixed / predetermined rules (e.g., Table 5.1.2.1.1-1 of 3GPP TS 38.214 v15.3.0, Table 6.1.2.1.1-1 of 3GPP TS 38.214 v15.3.0).

[0127] In the configuration of PDSCH time-domain allocation, each indexed row directly defines the slot offset K0, the start and length indicator SLIV or the start symbol S and the allocation length L, and the PDSCH mapping type assumed for PDSCH reception. In the configuration of PUSCH time-domain allocation, each indexed row directly defines the slot offset K2, the start and length indicator SLIV or the start symbol S and the allocation length L, and the PUSCH mapping type assumed for PUSCH reception. K0 for PDSCH or K2 for PUSCH is the time difference between the slot where the PDCCH is located and the slot where the PDSCH or PUSCH corresponding to the PDCCH is located. SLIV is a joint indication of the start symbol S regarding the start of the slot where the PDSCH or PUSCH is located and the number L of consecutive symbols counted from symbol S. In the case of the PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type, there are two mapping types: one is mapping type A where the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is located in the third or fourth symbol of the slot by mapping RRC signaling, and the other is mapping type B where the DMRS is located in the first allocated symbol.

[0128] The scheduling DCI includes a frequency-domain resource allocation field that provides allocation information regarding the resource blocks used for PDSCH or PUSCH. For example, the frequency-domain resource allocation field provides the UE with information regarding the cell for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, information regarding the bandwidth part for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, and information regarding the resource blocks for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission.

[0129] <Resource Allocation by RRC>

[0130] As mentioned above, there are two types of transmissions in the uplink that do not have dynamic grants: configured grant type 1 and configured grant type 2. In the case of configured grant type 1, an uplink grant is provided by RRC and stored as a configured grant. In the case of configured grant type 2, an uplink grant is provided by PDCCH and stored or cleared as a configured uplink grant based on L1 signaling that indicates configured uplink grant activation or deactivation. Type 1 and Type 2 are configured by RRC signaling for each serving cell and for each BWP. Multiple configurations can be simultaneously activated only on different serving cells. In the case of Type 2, activation and deactivation are independent between serving cells. A MAC entity for the same serving cell is configured as Type 1 or Type 2.

[0131] When grant type 1 is configured, the UE is provided with at least the following parameters by the BS via RRC signaling:

[0132] - s-RNTI, which is the CS-RNTI for retransmission;

[0133] - periodicity providing the configured grant type 1 periodicity;

[0134] timeDomainOffset, which indicates the offset of the resource relative to the system frame number (SFN) = 0 in the time domain;

[0135] - a timeDomainAllocation value m providing a row index m+1 pointing to an allocation table indicating a combination of starting symbol S, length L and PUSCH mapping type;

[0136] frequencyDomainAllocation, which provides frequency domain resource allocation; and

[0137] - mcsAndTBS providing IMCS indicating modulation number, target code rate and transport block size. When configuring grant type 1 for a serving cell by RRC, the UE stores the uplink grant provided by RRC as the configured uplink grant for the indicated serving cell and initializes or re-initializes the configured uplink grant so that it starts and periodically reoccurs at a symbol according to timeDomainOffset and S (derived from SLIV). After an uplink grant is configured for configured grant type 1, the UE shall consider the uplink grant to recur associated with each symbol that satisfies the following: [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame (numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(Slot number in the frame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+symbol number in the slot]=(timeDomainOffset*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+S+N*periodicity) modulo (1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for all N>=0.

[0138] When grant type 2 is configured, the UE is provided with at least the following parameters by the BS via RRC signaling:

[0139] -cs-RNTI, which is the CS-RNTI for activation, deactivation, and retransmission; and

[0140] - periodicity, which provides the periodicity of the configured grant type 2. The actual uplink grant is provided to the UE via the PDCCH (addressed to CS-RNTI). After an uplink grant is configured for the configured grant type 2, the UE considers the uplink grant to recur in association with each symbol that satisfies the following: [(SFN*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+(Slot number in the frame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot)+symbol number in the slot]=[(SFNstart time*numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+slotstart time*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot+symbol start time )+N*periodicity] modulo (1024×numberOfSlotsPerFrame*numberOfSymbolsPerSlot), for all N>=0, where SFN start time , slot start time and symbol start time denote the SFN, slot, and symbol of the first PUSCH transmission opportunity for which the configured grant is (re)initialized. numberOfSlotsPerFrame and numberOfSymbolsPerSlot denote the number of consecutive slots per frame and the number of consecutive OFDM symbols per slot, respectively.

[0141] For a configured uplink grant, the HARQ process ID associated with the first symbol of the uplink transmission is derived from the following formula:

[0142] HARQ Process ID=[floor(CURRENT_symbol / periodicity)] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes

[0143] where CURRENT_symbol = (SFN × numberOfSlotsPerFrame × numberOfSymbolsPerSlot + slot number in the frame × numberOfSymbolsPerSlot + symbol number in the slot), where numberOfSlotsPerFrame and numberOfSymbolsPerSlot indicate the number of consecutive slots per frame and the number of consecutive symbols per slot, respectively, as specified in TS 38.211. CURRENT_symbol indicates the symbol index of the first transmission opportunity of the occurring recurrence. An HARQ process is configured for a configured uplink grant if the configured uplink grant is activated, and the associated HARQ process ID is less than nrofHARQ-Processes.

[0144] For downlink, the UE is configured with SPS per serving cell and per BWP via RRC signaling from the BS. Multiple configurations may be simultaneously activated on different serving cells. Activation or deactivation of downlink SPS is independent between serving cells. For downlink SPS, a downlink allocation is provided to the UE via PDCCH and is stored or removed based on L1 signaling indicating SPS activation or deactivation. When SPS is configured, the UE is provided with the following parameters from the BS via RRC signaling:

[0145] -cs-RNTI, which is the CS-RNTI for activation, deactivation and retransmission;

[0146] nrofHARQ-Processes, providing the number of configured HARQ processes for SPS;

[0147] -Periodicity, which provides the periodicity of the configured downlink allocation for SPS.

[0148] When an SPS is released by a higher level, all corresponding settings must be released.

[0149] After the downlink allocation for SPS is configured, the UE considers the Nth downlink allocation to occur in the sequential slot that satisfies: (numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN+slot number in the frame)=[(numberOfSlotsPerFrame*SFN start time +slot start time )+N*periodicity*numberOfSlotsPerFrame / 10] modulo (1024*numberOfSlotsPerFrame), where SFN start time and slot start time indicate the SFN, slot, and symbol of the first transmission of the PDSCH, respectively, at which the configured downlink allocation is (re)initialized.

[0150] For a configured downlink allocation, the HARQ process ID associated with the slot in which the downlink transmission begins is derived from the following formula:

[0151] HARQ Process ID=[floor (CURRENT_slot×10 / (numberOfSlotsPerFrame×periodicity))] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes

[0152] Here, CURRENT_slot = [(SFN x numberOfSlotsPerFrame) + slot number in the frame], and numberOfSlotsPerFrame indicates the number of consecutive slots per frame as specified in TS38.211.

[0153] If the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of the corresponding DCI format is scrambled with the CS-RNTI provided by the RRC parameter cs-RNTI and the new data indicator field for the enabled transport block is set to 0, the UE validates the downlink SPS allocated PDCCH or the configured uplink grant type 2 PDCCH for scheduling activation or descheduling. Validity confirmation of a DCI format is achieved when all fields for the DCI format are set according to Table 4 or Table 5. Table 4 illustrates specific fields for validity confirmation of downlink SPS and uplink grant type 2 scheduling activation PDCCH, and Table 5 illustrates specific fields for validity confirmation of downlink SPS and uplink grant type 2 descheduling PDCCH.

[0154] [Table 4]

[0155] [Table 5]

[0156] The actual downlink allocation and the actual uplink grant, as well as the corresponding modulation and coding scheme, are provided by resource allocation fields (e.g., a time domain resource allocation field providing the time domain allocation value m, a frequency domain resource allocation field providing the frequency resource block allocation, and a modulation and coding scheme field) in the DCI format carried by the scheduling activation PDCCH of the downlink SPS or uplink grant type 2. If valid confirmation is achieved, the UE considers the information in the DCI format as valid activation or deactivation of the downlink SPS or configured uplink grant type 2.

[0157] In the uplink case, the processor 102 of the present invention transmits (or controls the transceiver 106 to transmit) the data unit of the present invention based on the uplink grant available to the UE, and the processor 202 of the present invention receives (or controls the transceiver 206 to receive) the data unit of the present invention based on the uplink grant available to the UE.

[0158] For the downlink, the processor 102 of the present invention receives (or controls the transceiver 106 to receive) the downlink data of the present invention based on the downlink allocation available to the UE, and the processor 202 of the present invention transmits (or controls the transceiver 206 to transmit) the downlink data of the present invention based on the downlink allocation available to the UE.

[0159] The data unit of the present invention undergoes physical layer processing at the transmitting end before being transmitted over the radio interface, and the radio signal carrying the data unit of the present invention undergoes physical layer processing at the receiving end. For example, a MAC PDU including a PDCP PDU of the present invention undergoes physical layer processing as follows:

[0160] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of physical layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0161] The following tables show how transport channels (TrCHs) and control information are mapped to corresponding physical channels. In particular, Table 6 shows how uplink transport channels are mapped to corresponding physical channels, Table 7 shows how uplink control channel information is mapped to corresponding physical channels, Table 8 shows how downlink transport channels are mapped to corresponding physical channels, and Table 9 shows how downlink control channel information is mapped to corresponding physical channels.

[0162] [Table 6]

[0163] [Table 7]

[0164] [Table 8]

[0165] [Table 9]

[0166] <encoding>

[0167] Data and control streams from / to the MAC layer are coded and then transported and controlled by the PHY layer over the wireless transmission link. For example, transport blocks from the MAC layer are coded into codewords at the transmitting end. Channel coding techniques include miss detection, miss correction, rate matching, interleaving, and a combination of transport channels or control information that are mapped to or separated from physical channels.

[0168] In the 3GPP NR system, the following channel coding schemes are used for different types of TrCHs and different types of control information.

[0169] [Table 10]

[0170] [Table 11]

[0171] For the transmission of a downlink transport block (i.e., DL MAC PDU) or an uplink transport block (i.e., UL MAC PDU), a transport block CRC sequence is attached to provide error detection for the receiving side. In a 3GPP NR system, communication devices use low-density parity check (LDPC) codes when encoding / decoding the UL-SCH and DL-SCH. The 3GPP NR system supports two LDPC base graphs (i.e., two LDPC base matrices): LDPC base graph 1 optimized for small transport blocks and LDPC base graph 2 optimized for larger transport blocks. LDPC base graph 1 or 2 is selected based on the size of the transport block and the coding rate R. The coding rate R is indicated by the MCS index (IMCS). The MCS index is provided to the UE by an uplink configured grant 2 or a PDCCH activating or (re)initializing downlink SPS, or is dynamically applied to the UE by a PDCCH scheduling a PUSCH or a PDSCH, which is provided to the UE by RRC signaling related to an uplink configured grant type 1. If the CRC-attached transport block is larger than the maximum code block size for the selected LDPC base graph, the CRC-attached transport block is divided into code blocks, and an additional CRC sequence is attached to each code block. The maximum code block sizes for LDPC base graph 1 and LDPC base graph 2 are 8448 bits and 3480 bits, respectively. If the CRC-attached transport block is not larger than the maximum code block size for the selected LDPC base graph, the CRC-attached transport block is encoded using the selected LDPC base graph. Each code block of the transport block is encoded using the selected LDPC base graph. The LDPC-coded blocks are then individually rate-matched. Code block concatenation is performed to generate codewords for transmission on the PDSCH or PUSCH. For the PDSCH, up to two codewords (i.e., up to two transport blocks) are transmitted simultaneously on the PDSCH. The PUSCH can be used to transmit UL-SCH data and Layer 1 / 2 control information. Although not shown in FIG. 8, Layer 1 / 2 control information can be multiplexed with codewords for UL-SCH data.

[0172] Scrambling and Modulation

[0173] The bits of the codeword are scrambled and modulated to produce a block of complex-valued modulation symbols.

[0174] <Layer Mapping>

[0175] The complex-valued modulation symbols of a codeword are mapped to one or more multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layers. A codeword can be mapped to up to four layers. Since the PDSCH can transmit two codewords, it can support up to eight-layer transmission. Since the PUSCH supports a single codeword, it can support up to four-layer transmission.

[0176] <Transform Precoding>

[0177] The downlink transmit waveform is conventional OFDM with cyclic prefix (CP). For the downlink, no transform precoding (i.e., discrete Fourier transform (DFT)) is applied.

[0178] The uplink transmit waveform is conventional OFDM using CP with transform precoding, which performs DFT spreading and can be disabled or enabled. In the 3GPP NR system, transform precoding is selectively applied to the uplink when enabled. Transform precoding spreads uplink data in a special manner to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the waveform. Transform precoding is a form of DFT. That is, the 3GPP NR system supports two options for the uplink waveform: CP-OFDM (same as the downlink waveform) and DFT-s-OFDM. Whether the UE uses CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM is configured by the BS via RRC parameters.

[0179] <Subcarrier Mapping>

[0180] Layers are mapped to antenna ports. In the downlink, a transparent (non-codebook-based) mapping scheme for layer-antenna port mapping is supported, and how beamforming or MIMO precoding is performed is transparent to the UE. In the uplink, both non-codebook-based mapping and codebook-based mapping are supported for layer-antenna port mapping.

[0181] For each antenna port (i.e., layer) used for the transmission of a physical channel (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH), the complex-valued modulation symbols are mapped to subcarriers in the resource blocks allocated to the physical channel.

[0182] <OFDM modulation>

[0183] On the transmitting side, the communication device adds a CP and performs an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a time-continuous OFDM baseband signal for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing setting u in OFDM symbol l for the physical channel at the TTI for the physical channel. For example, for each OFDM symbol, the communication device on the transmitting side can perform an IFFT on the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the resource blocks in the corresponding OFDM symbol, and add a CP to the IFFTed signal to generate an OFDM baseband signal.

[0184] <Up-conversion>

[0185] The communication device on the transmitting side up-converts the OFDM baseband signal for antenna port p, subcarrier spacing setting u, and OFDM symbol l to the carrier frequency f0 of the cell to which the physical channel is allocated.

[0186] In FIG. 2, the processors 102, 202 are configured to perform encoding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, (for uplink) transform precoding, subcarrier mapping, and OFDM modulation. The processors 102, 202 control the transceivers 106, 206 connected to the processors 102, 202 to up-convert the OFDM baseband signal to the carrier frequency to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal. The radio frequency signal is transmitted to an external device via antennas 108, 208.

[0187] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of physical layer processing on the receiving side.

[0188] The physical layer processing on the receiving side is basically the reverse of the physical layer processing on the transmitting side.

[0189] <Frequency down-conversion>

[0190] The communication device on the receiving side receives an RF signal at the carrier frequency via an antenna. Transceivers 106 and 206 that receive an RF signal at the carrier frequency down-convert the carrier frequency of the RF signal to the baseband to obtain an OFDM baseband signal.

[0191] <OFDM demodulation>

[0192] The communication device on the receiving side obtains complex-valued modulation symbols by CP detachment and FFT. For example, for each OFDM symbol, on the receiving side, the communication device removes the CP from the OFDM baseband signal and performs FFT on the OFDM baseband signal after CP removal to obtain complex-valued modulation symbols for antenna port p, subcarrier spacing u, and OFDM symbol l.

[0193] <Subcarrier demapping>

[0194] Subcarrier demapping is performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols to obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols of the corresponding physical channel. For example, processor 102 can obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the subcarriers belonging to PDSCH from the complex-valued modulation symbols received in the BWP. As another example, processor 202 can obtain the complex-valued modulation symbols mapped to the subcarriers belonging to PUSCH from the complex-valued modulation symbols received in the BWP.

[0195] <Conversion de-coding>

[0196] Transform deprecoding (e.g., IDFT) is performed on the complex-valued modulation symbols of an uplink physical channel if transform precoding is enabled for that channel. Transform deprecoding is not performed on downlink physical channels or uplink physical channels for which transform precoding is disabled.

[0197] <Layer Demapping>

[0198] The complex-valued modulation symbols are demapped into one or two codewords.

[0199] Demodulation and descrambling

[0200] The complex-valued modulation symbols of the codeword are demodulated and descrambled into the bits of the codeword.

[0201] <Decryption>

[0202] The codeword is decoded into a transport block. For UL-SCH and DL-SCH, LDPC base graph 1 or 2 is selected based on the size and coding rate of the transport block. The codeword includes one or more coded blocks. Each coded block is decoded into a CRC-attached code block or a CRC-attached transport block using the selected LDPC base graph. When the CRC-attached transport block is divided into code blocks at the transmitting side, the CRC sequence is removed from each CRC-attached code block to obtain a code block. The code block is concatenated with the CRC-attached transport block. The transport block CRC sequence is removed from the CRC-attached transport block to obtain a transport block. The transport block is delivered to the MAC layer.

[0203] In the physical layer processing at the transmitting and receiving sides described above, the time and frequency domain resources (e.g., OFDM symbols, subcarriers, carrier frequencies) associated with subcarrier mapping, OFDM modulation, and frequency up / down conversion are determined based on resource allocation (e.g., uplink grant, downlink allocation).

[0204] For uplink data transmission, the processor 102 of the present invention applies (or controls the transceiver 106 to apply) the above-described physical layer processing on the transmitting side to the data unit of the present invention and transmits the data unit over the air. For downlink data reception, the processor 102 of the present invention applies (or controls the transceiver 106 to apply) the above-described physical layer processing on the receiving side to the received radio signal to obtain the data unit of the present invention.

[0205] For downlink data transmission, the processor 202 of the present invention applies (or controls the transceiver 206 to apply) the above-described physical layer processing at the transmitting side to the data unit of the present invention and transmits the data unit over the air. For uplink data reception, the processor 202 of the present invention applies (or controls the transceiver 206 to apply) the above-described physical layer processing at the receiving side to the received radio signal to obtain the data unit of the present invention.

[0206] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0207] In FIG. 2, the first wireless device 100 generates first information / signal according to the functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein, and then wirelessly transmits the first information / signal to the second wireless device 200 of FIG. 2 (S10). The first information / signal includes a data unit (e.g., PDU, SDU, RRC message) of the present invention. After receiving a wireless signal including the second information / signal from the second wireless device 200 (S30), the first wireless device 100 performs an operation based on or in accordance with the second information / signal (S50). The second information / signal is transmitted by the second wireless device 200 to the first wireless device 100 in response to the first information / signal. The second information / signal includes a data unit (e.g., PDU, SDU, RRC message) of the present invention. The first information / signal includes content request information, and the second information / signal includes content specific to the application of the first wireless device 100. An example of an operation specific to the application of the wireless devices 100 and 200 is described below.

[0208] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 may be the mobile device 110d of FIG. 1 that performs the functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. The mobile device 110d obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by a user and converts the obtained information / signals into first information / signals. The mobile device 110d transmits the first information / signals to the second wireless device 200 (S10). The second wireless device 200 is one of the wireless devices 100a-100f of FIG. 1 or a BS. The mobile device 110d receives second information / signals from the second wireless device 200 (S30) and performs an operation based on the second information / signals (S50). For example, the mobile device 110d can output the content of the second information / signals to the user (e.g., in the form of text, voice, image, video, or tactile feedback) via an I / O unit of the mobile device 110d.

[0209] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 may be a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle 100b that performs the functions, procedures, and / or methods described in the present invention. The vehicle 100b transmits (S10) and receives (S30) signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BSs (e.g., gNBs and roadside base stations), and servers via a communication unit (e.g., the communication unit 110 in FIG. 1C). The vehicle 100b includes a driving unit that allows the vehicle 100b to travel on a road. The driving unit of the vehicle 100b includes an engine, a motor, a powertrain, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The vehicle 100b includes a sensor unit for obtaining vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The vehicle 100b generates and transmits first information / signals to the second wireless device 200 (S10). The first information / signals include vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The vehicle 100b receives second information / signals from the second wireless device 200 (S30). The second information / signals include vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The vehicle 100b drives, stops, or adjusts speed on a road based on the second information / signals (S50). For example, the vehicle 100b receives second information / signals including map data and common information data from an external server (S30). The vehicle 100b generates an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the second information / signals, and travels along the autonomous driving route (e.g., controlling speed / direction) according to the driving plan (S50). As another example, the control unit or processor of the vehicle 100b generates a virtual object based on map information, common information, and vehicle position information obtained from a GPS sensor of the vehicle 100b, and the I / O unit 140 of the vehicle 100b displays the generated virtual object in a window of the vehicle 100b (S50).

[0210] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 is the XR device 100c of FIG. 1 that performs the functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. The XR device 100c transmits (S10) and receives (S30) signals (e.g., media data and control signals) to and from external devices, such as other wireless devices, mobile devices, or media servers, via a communication unit (e.g., the communication unit 110 of FIG. 1C). For example, the XR device 100c transmits content request information to other devices or media servers (S10), downloads / streams content, such as movies or news, from other devices or media servers (S30), and generates, outputs, or displays an XR object (e.g., an AR / VR / MR object) via an I / O unit of the XR device based on second information / signals received wirelessly (S50).

[0211] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 is the robot 100a of FIG. 1 that performs the functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. The robot 100a can be classified into industrial robots, medical robots, domestic robots, military robots, etc. depending on the intended use or field. The robot 100a transmits (S10) and receives (S30) signals (e.g., driving information and control signals) to and from external devices such as other wireless devices, other robots, or control servers via a communication unit (e.g., communication unit 110 of FIG. 1C). The second information / signals include driving information and control signals related to the robot 100a. A control unit or processor of the robot 100a can control the movement of the robot 100a based on the second information / signals.

[0212] In some scenarios, the first wireless device 100 is the AI ​​device 400 of FIG. 1. The AI ​​device may be implemented as a fixed or mobile device, such as a TV, projector, smartphone, PC, laptop, digital broadcasting terminal, tablet PC, wearable device, set-top box (STB), radio, washing machine, refrigerator, digital signage, robot, vehicle, etc. The AI ​​device 400 uses wired and wireless communication technologies to transmit (S10) and receive (S30) wired and wireless signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning model, or control signal) to and from external devices, such as other AI devices (e.g., 100a, ..., 100f, 200, or 400 of FIG. 1) or an AI server (e.g., 400 of FIG. 1). A controller or processor of the AI ​​device 400 determines at least one executable operation of the AI ​​device 400 based on information determined or generated using a data analysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. The AI ​​device 400 can request external devices, such as other AI devices or AI servers, to provide sensor information, user input, learning models, control signals, etc. to the AI ​​device 400 (S10). The AI ​​device 400 receives second information / signals (e.g., sensor information, user input, learning models, or control signals) (S30), and the AI ​​device 400 can perform a predicted action or a preferred action from at least one executable action based on the second information / signal (S50).

[0213] Discontinuous reception (DRX) operation will now be described.

[0214] The MAC entity consists of an RRC with DRX functionality that controls the UE's monitoring activity for the MAC entity's C-RNTI, CI-RNTI, CS-RNTI, INT-RNTI, SFI-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI, and AI-RNTI.

[0215] When using DRX operation, the MAC entity must also monitor the PDCCH. In the RRC_CONNECTED state, if DRX is configured, the MAC entity can monitor the PDCCH discontinuously using DRX operation for all activated serving cells; otherwise, the MAC entity must monitor the PDCCH.

[0216] RRC controls DRX operation by setting the parameters in Table 12 below.

[0217] [Table 12]

[0218] The serving cells of the MAC entity are configured by RRC in two DRX groups with different DRX parameters. If RRC does not configure a secondary DRX group, there is only one DRX group and all serving cells belong to one DRX group. If two DRX groups are configured, each serving cell is uniquely assigned to one of the two groups.

[0219] When DRX is configured, the active time for a serving cell in a DRX group includes the following times:

[0220] - the time at which the drx-onDurationTimer or drx-InactivityTimer configured for the DRX group runs; or

[0221] - The time when drx-RetransmissionTimerDL or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL runs on any serving cell in the DRX group.

[0222] If DRX is configured, when a MAC PDU is received in the configured downlink allocation, the MAC entity starts the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL for this HARQ process at the first symbol after the transmission carrying DL HARQ feedback and the drx-RetransmissionTimerDL for this HARQ process have been stopped.

[0223] If a MAC PDU is transmitted in a configured uplink grant and no LBT failure indication is received from a lower layer, the MAC entity starts the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL for the HARQ process at the first symbol after the end of the first transmission (in a bundle) of the PUSCH transmission and the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for the HARQ process at the first transmission (in a bundle) of the PUSCH transmission is stopped.

[0224] If the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL expires and the data for this HARQ process could not be successfully decoded, the MAC entity starts the drx-RetransmissionTimerDL for this HARQ process at the first symbol after the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL expires.

[0225] When the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL expires, the MAC entity starts the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for this HARQ process at the first symbol after the expiration of the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL.

[0226] When a DRX group is in the active time, the MAC entity monitors the serving cell in the DRX group.

[0227] If the PDCCH indicates a DL transmission, the MAC entity starts the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerDL for this HARQ process at the first symbol after the end of this transmission carrying DL HARQ feedback and the RetransmissionTimerDL for this HARQ process is stopped. If the PDSCH-to-HARQ_feedback timing indicates a non-numeric k1 value, the MAC entity starts the drx-RetransmissionTimerDL at the first symbol after the PDSCH transmission for this HARQ process.

[0228] If the PDCCH indicates an UL transmission, the MAC entity starts the drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL for this HARQ process at the first symbol after the end of the first transmission (in a bundle) of this PUSCH transmission and the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for this HARQ process is stopped.

[0229] If the PDCCH indicates a new transmission in a serving cell in a DRX group, the MAC entity starts or restarts the drx-InactivityTimer for the DRX group at the first symbol after PDCCH reception.

[0230] When an HARQ process receives downlink feedback information and an acknowledgement is indicated, the MAC entity stops the drx-RetransmissionTimerUL for that HARQ process.

[0231] For serving cells in the DRX group, whether or not the MAC entity monitors the PDCCH, if this situation is expected, the MAC entity transmits HARQ feedback, aperiodic CSI on PUSCH, and aperiodic SRS to the serving cells in the DRX group.

[0232] If it is not a complete PDCCH opportunity, the MAC entity does not need to monitor the PDCCH (eg, the active time starts or ends in the middle of the PDCCH opportunity).

[0233] As mentioned above, when discontinuous reception (DRX) is configured, the UE does not need to continuously monitor the PDCCH. The UE can monitor the PDCCH discontinuously using DRX operation. The active time is a variable length based on scheduling decisions and UE decoding success.

[0234] Specifically, the UE manages multiple timers to determine the UE's active time, and these timers are (re)started upon reception of a scheduling PDCCH or transmission / reception of a MAC PDU. DRX is designed to ensure reception of a scheduling PDCCH. When transmitting or receiving a MAC PDU, the time during which the UE monitors the PDCCH (i.e., active time) upon reception of a scaling PDCCH or drx-RetransmissionTimer is extended by starting or restarting a DRX timer such as drx-InactivityTimer. This is called a unicast DRX scheme.

[0235] Single cell point to multipoint (SC-PTM) transmission in E-UTRAN is introduced as a transmission method for Multimedia Multicast Broadcast Service (MBMS). DRX operation for SC-PTM is performed independently from unicast DRX operation.

[0236] For multicast / broadcast services (MBS) in current NR systems, two transmission methods are available for transmitting MBS packet flows over the air.

[0237] According to the point-to-point (PTP) delivery method, the gNB delivers separate copies of the MBS data packet over the air to each UE. According to the point-to-multipoint (PTM) delivery method, the gNB delivers a single copy of the MBS data packet over the air to a set of UEs.

[0238] For PTP transmission, RRC_CONNECTED UEs use a UE-specific PDCCH with a CRC scrambled with a UE-specific RNTI (e.g., C-RNTI) to schedule a UE-specific PDSCH, while for PTM transmission, RRC_CONNECTED UEs in the same MBS group use a group-common PDCCH with a CRC scrambled with a group-common RNTI to schedule a group-common PDSCH.

[0239] The DRX operation for PTM is performed independently of the DRX operation for PTP transmission, and the DRX operation for PTM transmission is performed independently for each G-RNTI.

[0240] Meanwhile, data units are delivered to a group of UEs by PTM transmission. When a UE in the group fails to receive a data unit by PTM transmission, the data unit is retransmitted to the UE by PTP transmission. The DRX operation for receiving PTM transmission is performed independently from the DRX operation for PTP transmission.

[0241] The UE receives a data unit via PTM transmission during the active time of the DRX operation for PTM transmission. If the UE cannot successfully decode the data unit, it sends a NACK to the gNB to notify it of the failed reception. The gNB then retransmits the data unit to the UE via PTP transmission.

[0242] Since the DRX operation for PTP transmission is independent from the DRX operation for PTM transmission, retransmission by PTP transmission is delayed until the state of the DRX operation for PTP transmission is in the active time, or is transmitted to the UE while the state of the DRX operation for PTP transmission is not in the active time. If the retransmission is delayed, an additional delay occurs. If the retransmission is performed outside the active time, the UE may miss it.

[0243] As described above, data units are transmitted to a group of UEs via PTM transmission during the active time of the DRX operation for the PTM transmission. If a UE in the group cannot successfully decode the data, the UE transmits a NACK to notify the gNB of the failed reception. The gNB then retransmits the data to the UE via PTP transmission.

[0244] After the UE sends a NACK, the state of the DRX operation for the PTP transmission is changed to active time. Then, retransmission is performed by the PTP transmission after the NACK transmission. The UE receives the retransmission during the active time of the DRX operation for the PTP transmission.

[0245] Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an example of receiving multicast data units according to the present invention, and Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of receiving multicast data units according to the present invention.

[0246] 11 and 12, during the active time of PTM transmission, the UE monitors the PDCCH for PTM transmission (S1201). If a data unit is scheduled, the UE receives it in S1201.

[0247] Next, in S1202, the UE determines whether the data unit has been successfully decoded. In Figure 11, the UE successfully decodes the data unit at point A in S1202, but does not successfully decode the data unit at point B.

[0248] Since the UE has successfully received the data at point A, the UE transmits the data to the upper layer in S1203.

[0249] At point B, the UE cannot decode the data unit. The UE then sends a NACK to the gNB to indicate the failed reception at S1204, and the state of the DRX operation for PTP transmission is changed to active time at S1205.

[0250] Since the state of the DRX operation for the PTP transmission is in active time, the data is retransmitted by the PTP transmission at S1206 without further delay, and the UE receives the retransmission by the PTP transmission.

[0251] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a PDCP entity including a PTM leg for PTM transmission and a PTP leg for PTP transmission according to the present invention.

[0252] 13, a DRX configuration is applied to the PTM leg to perform a DRX operation for PTM transmission, and another DRX configuration is applied to the PTP leg to perform a DRX operation for PTP transmission.

[0253] When a MAC PDU is received via PTM transmission, if the MAC PDU is not successfully decoded, a NACK is sent to the gNB to indicate the failed reception. The DRX state for the PTP transmission is changed to ACTIVE. The gNB then transmits a new MAC PDU containing the data of the MAC PDU that was NACKed (i.e., not successfully decoded) via PTP transmission.

[0254] The DRX state for PTP transmission is changed to the active state by starting the DRX timer for the DRX operation for PTP transmission, for example. The DRX timer can be the RTT timer, the retransmission timer, or the inactivity timer. The HARQ process for retransmissions by PTP transmission is different from the HARQ process used for PTM transmission. In this case, MAC PDUs are received by PTM transmission using HARQ process #1.

[0255] If decoding finally fails, the higher layer detects the packet loss and sends a NACK. The DRX state for the PTP transmission is changed to active. The missing packet is retransmitted by the PTP transmission and included in a new MAC PDU. The new MAC PDU is received using HARQ process #2. If decoding is successful, the retransmission of the missing packet is signaled to the higher layer (e.g., PDCP) on the PTP leg.

[0256] In another example of the present invention, the HARQ process for retransmissions via PTP transmission is the same as the HARQ process used for PTM transmission. MAC PDUs are received using the HARQ process via PTM transmission. If decoding fails, a HARQ NACK is sent to the gNB. The DRX state for PTP transmission is changed to active. HARQ retransmissions are performed using the same HARQ process. If decoding is successful, the data is delivered to a higher layer (e.g., PDCP layer) via the PTM leg.

[0257] Another variation of the trigger for changing the state of DRX operation is to change the state when the number of RLC retransmissions reaches the configured threshold for maximum retransmissions. If the state of DRX operation for PTP transmissions is changed to active time, the UE will initiate operations to recover from the situation without further delay. If the state of DRX operation for PTM transmissions is different, data reception will continue with PTM transmissions without further delay.

[0258] According to the present invention, when a UE is unable to receive data via PTM transmission, it can receive a retransmission of the data via PTP transmission without further delay after transmitting a NACK indicating failure to receive data during DRX operations for PTM transmission and PTP transmission.

Claims

1. 1. A method for a user equipment (UE) to perform an operation in a wireless communication system, comprising: receiving a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for a first hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process, the first DRX configuration for the first HARQ process being associated with a multicast transmission; sending a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the MAC PDU not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ Round-trip time (RTT) timer of a second DRX configuration for a second HARQ process, the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process being associated with a unicast transmission; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with a retransmitted MAC PDU during an active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

2. The method described in claim 1, wherein the active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process includes the time during which the DRX retransmission timer of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process is running after the HARQ RTT timer expires.

3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising starting the DRX retransmission timer of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on the expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

4. receiving the MAC PDU includes receiving the MAC PDU based on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) identified by a Group-Radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI); The method of claim 1 , wherein the PDCCH associated with the retransmitted MAC PDU is identified by a Cell-RNTI (Cell-RNTI).

5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising receiving the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the PDCCH associated with the retransmitted MAC PDU.

6. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, at least one transceiver; at least one processor; at least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations; The operation is receiving a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for a first hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process, the first DRX configuration for the first HARQ process being associated with a multicast transmission; sending a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the MAC PDU not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ Round-trip Time (RTT) timer of a second DRX configuration for a second HARQ process, the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process being associated with a unicast transmission; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with a retransmitted MAC PDU during an active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

7. A UE as described in claim 6, wherein the active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process includes the time during which a DRX retransmission timer of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process is running after the HARQ RTT timer expires.

8. The UE of claim 7 , wherein the operations further comprise starting the DRX retransmission timer of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

9. receiving the MAC PDU includes receiving the MAC PDU based on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) identified by a Group-Radio network temporary identifier (G-RNTI); The UE of claim 6 , wherein the PDCCH associated with the retransmitted MAC PDU is identified by a Cell-RNTI (Cell-RNTI).

10. The UE of claim 9 , wherein the operations further comprise receiving the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the PDCCH associated with the retransmitted MAC PDU.

11. An apparatus for a UE (user equipment), comprising: at least one processor; at least one computer memory operably connected to said at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause said at least one processor to perform operations; The operation is receiving a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for a first hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process, the first DRX configuration for the first HARQ process being associated with a multicast transmission; sending a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the MAC PDU not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ Round-trip time (RTT) timer of a second DRX configuration for a second HARQ process, the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process being associated with a unicast transmission; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with a retransmitted MAC PDU during an active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

12. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform an operation for a UE (user equipment), The operation is receiving a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) during an active time of a first discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for a first hybrid automatic repeat and request (HARQ) process, the first DRX configuration for the first HARQ process being associated with a multicast transmission; sending a negative acknowledgement to a network based on the MAC PDU not being successfully decoded; starting a HARQ Round-trip time (RTT) timer of a second DRX configuration for a second HARQ process, the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process being associated with a unicast transmission; and monitoring a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) associated with a retransmitted MAC PDU during an active time of the second DRX configuration for the second HARQ process based on expiration of the HARQ RTT timer.

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