Blended yarn and woven / knitted fabrics

Abstract

To provide a combined filament yarn excellent in permeability preventing property and fastness under a humid condition and manufacturing process passing property, and a highly stretchable woven knitted fabric that uses the combined filament yarn and has cotton-like soft feeling.SOLUTION: A combined filament yarn consists of a core yarn and a sheath yarn. The core yarn is a side-by-side type or eccentric sheath-core type composite fiber. The sheath yarn has an outermost layer part having titanic oxide content of 0 to 2 mass% and an inner layer part having titanic oxide content of 5 to 60 mass%. The combined filament yarn is a fiber in which the titanic oxide of the inner layer part is rutile type and covers the composite fiber.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a blended yarn having excellent stretch, opacity and fastness when wet, and also excellent passability through manufacturing processes, and a woven or knitted fabric having a cotton-like soft texture. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a well-known and commonly used technique for imparting opacity, UV protection, heat protection, etc. to woven and knitted fabrics is to incorporate ceramics, particularly titanium oxide, into the fibers that make up the woven and knitted fabric. However, simply increasing the titanium oxide content increases the amount of titanium oxide present on the yarn surface, causing significant wear on yarn guides, rollers, reeds, knitting needles, etc. in spinning, drawing, blending, twisting, weaving, and knitting processes, resulting in the need for frequent part replacement. Furthermore, the fibers themselves frequently suffer from fuzz and yarn breakage. Therefore, the titanium oxide content has been limited to 2 to 3% by weight of the fiber constituent material.

[0003] To overcome these drawbacks, sheath-core composite fibers have been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In this method, a high concentration of titanium oxide is contained in the inner layer and a low titanium oxide content is contained in the outer layer, thereby improving wear on yarn guides and achieving a certain degree of transparency prevention. However, this method does not take into consideration the transparency prevention effect after blending or the fastness of woven or knitted fabrics when titanium oxide is contained in a high concentration.

[0004] Furthermore, a core-sheath composite fiber has been proposed in which a modified cross-section yarn is added to the above-mentioned core-sheath composite fiber to impart transparency prevention, a dry feel, and drape (see Patent Document 2). However, even in this method, no consideration was given to the transparency prevention effect after blending or the fastness of the woven or knitted fabric.

[0005] On the other hand, there is an increasing need for transparency resistance, and not only is transparency resistance in a dry state required, but also in a wet state. When a material is wet, light scattering is suppressed, making it more transparent, so there is an ever-increasing demand for highly transparency-resistant materials. In light of this situation, in 2017, JIS L1923 "Method for evaluating transparency resistance of textile products" also specified transparency resistance in a wet state.

[0006] Regarding the transparency prevention property in a wet state, it has been proposed that hollow multifilament yarns, which are core-sheath composite fibers with a hollow cross section, be used (see Patent Document 3). However, although this method takes into consideration the transparency prevention effect after blending and processability, it is insufficient to measure the transparency prevention property in a wet state because it merely measures the decrease in whiteness in a wet state using a unique method.

[0007] In addition, a fiber that has high transparency-preventing properties even after blending has been proposed by using a core-sheath type polyester flat cross section fiber (see Patent Document 4). However, even in this method, there is no mention of transparency-preventing properties in a wet state, and sufficient effects cannot be expected.

[0008] Furthermore, the above prior art documents (Patent Documents 1 to 4) do not take into consideration the stretchability of clothing, and it has been impossible to achieve both high transparency prevention and stretchability, even in wet conditions.

[0009] In recent years, in order to achieve both stretchability and transparency-resistant properties, a mixed-fiber twisted yarn that combines a hollow cross-section yarn and a side-by-side conjugated polyester multifilament has been proposed (see Patent Document 5). However, with this method, the hollow yarn, which has high transparency-resistant properties, and the side-by-side conjugated polyester multifilament, which has poor transparency-resistant properties, are randomly arranged within the fiber bundle, and sufficient transparency-resistant properties cannot be obtained because light passes only through the parts with poor transparency-resistant properties, and transparency-resistant properties in a wet state have not been evaluated.

[0010] As described above, among the mixed yarns widely used in general clothing, there has not been obtained a material that has excellent transparency prevention properties in a wet state and also has stretchability. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 55-158331 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-317230 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-113715 [Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-44055 [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-147865 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0012] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a mixed yarn which has excellent wet-state opacity and fastness, and which is also excellent in terms of ease of passing through the manufacturing process, and a highly stretchable woven or knitted fabric which has a cotton-like soft texture and is made using the mixed yarn. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The present invention, which aims to solve the above problems, is characterized by any one of the following configurations. (1) A mixed yarn comprising a core yarn and a sheath yarn, wherein the core yarn is a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath composite fiber, the sheath yarn has an outermost layer having a titanium oxide content of 0 to 2% by mass and an inner layer having a titanium oxide content of 5 to 60% by mass, the titanium oxide in the inner layer being of rutile type, and the mixed yarn covers the composite fiber. (2) The mixed yarn according to (1), wherein the number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more is present in the surface layer of the mixed yarn at a rate of 10 to 300 pieces / m. (3) The mixed yarn according to (1) or (2), which has a stretching extension rate of 20 to 150% after tensioning at 0.5 cN / dtex. (4) A mixed yarn according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the titanium oxide content is 5 to 60% by mass, and the innermost layer portion has a titanium oxide content of 0 to 2% by mass. (5) A woven or knitted fabric using the blended yarn according to any one of (1) to (4). (6) A woven or knitted fabric according to (5), which has a water absorption rate of within 5 seconds and a residual moisture content of 30% or less after 60 minutes. (7) A woven or knitted fabric according to (5) or (6) having a dry and wet state transparency based on JIS L1923:2017 "Method for evaluating the transparency of textile products" Method A (visual method) of 4 or higher. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a blended yarn that has excellent fastness and manufacturing processability, and also has stretchability and opacity in a wet state, despite the high concentration of titanium oxide contained in the inner layer portion, and a highly woven knitted fabric that has a cotton-like soft texture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The mixed yarn of the present invention is a mixed yarn consisting of at least a core yarn and a sheath yarn. It is important that the sheath yarn has an inner layer portion with a high titanium oxide content and an outermost layer portion with a low titanium oxide content. Having an outermost layer portion with a titanium oxide content of 0 to 2% by mass reduces the abrasion of the titanium oxide against guides and other yarn paths during the spinning, mixing, and weaving processes, enabling industrially stable production. Furthermore, a low titanium oxide content in the outermost layer portion increases the reflectivity of the fiber surface. The high specular reflectance, particularly in a wet state, creates a mirror effect, making it difficult to see the back side of a woven or knitted fabric. This improves the transparency prevention properties in a wet state. The titanium oxide content in the outermost layer portion of the sheath yarn is expressed relative to the mass of the outermost layer portion. If the content exceeds 2% by mass, the manufacturing processability will be significantly impaired. A more preferred titanium oxide content in the outermost layer portion is 0 to 1% by mass, and the outermost layer may not contain any titanium oxide at all.

[0016] Furthermore, by having an inner layer portion with a titanium oxide content of 5 to 60% by mass, it is possible to improve transparency, particularly transparency in a wet state. While transparency in a normal dry state can be achieved even with a titanium oxide content of less than 5% by mass, light scattering is suppressed in a wet state, making the fabric more transparent. Therefore, in the present invention, an inner layer portion with a titanium oxide content of 5% by mass or more is essential. However, if the titanium oxide content of the inner layer portion exceeds 60% by mass, a problem of a drastic decrease in thread strength occurs. Therefore, the titanium oxide content of the inner layer portion is 5 to 60% by mass. A more preferred titanium oxide content of the inner layer portion is 11 to 35% by mass.

[0017] On the other hand, a major issue with blended yarns with a high titanium oxide content in the inner layer is fastness. Titanium oxide generates radicals when irradiated with light, which oxidize and decompose polymers and dyes, causing problems such as a deterioration in light fastness and yellowing. In particular, the loops of the sheath yarn in blended yarns protrude from the fiber surface, making them particularly susceptible to problems such as a deterioration in light fastness and yellowing, even if they have a protective layer on the outermost layer.

[0018] Therefore, in the sheath yarn of the mixed yarn of the present invention, rutile-type titanium oxide, which is less likely to generate radicals even when irradiated with light, is used in the inner layer portion. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration in light fastness and yellowing. Here, using ordinary anatase-type titanium oxide as titanium oxide has the advantage of being inexpensive to produce, but deterioration in light fastness and yellowing due to light irradiation are unavoidable. Therefore, in the mixed yarn of the present invention, rutile-type titanium oxide is used in the inner layer portion, which contains titanium oxide at a high concentration. Note that the outermost layer portion, which has a low titanium oxide content, may be either rutile-type or anatase-type.

[0019] The mass ratio of the outermost layer part to the inner layer part is preferably in the range of 10:90 to 40:60. This range of ratio is preferable in terms of achieving both transparency prevention and process passability. A ratio of 15:85 to 25:75 is even more preferable.

[0020] Furthermore, the sheath yarn of the mixed yarn of the present invention may have not only a two-layer structure consisting of an inner layer and an outermost layer, but also a three-layer structure or more. Increasing the number of layers is preferable because light is reflected at the layer interface, further improving the transparency prevention properties. From the viewpoint of achieving both cost and transparency prevention performance, a three-layer structure consisting of an outermost layer, an inner layer, and an innermost layer located further inside the inner layer is preferred. In such a three-layer structure, the transparency prevention properties can be maintained as long as the mass ratio of the inner layer with a high titanium oxide content is 25% by mass or more of the mixed yarn, so the titanium oxide content of the innermost layer can be low. In this case, the preferred range of the outermost layer:inner layer:innermost layer ratio is 10-40 for the outermost layer, 25-50 for the inner layer, and 20-60 for the innermost layer. In particular, a titanium oxide content of 2% by mass or less in the innermost layer is preferable because it improves not only transparency prevention properties but also color development. The preferred lower limit is 0% by mass, but the titanium oxide content in the innermost layer is preferably 0.1% by mass or more in terms of spinnability.

[0021] In the present invention, the sheath yarn may be a polyester fiber or a nylon fiber, but is preferably a polyester fiber with high refractive index and high crimp robustness. Specific examples include, but are not limited to, aromatic polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, and aliphatic polyester fibers such as polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid. Among these, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate fibers are preferred because they have excellent mechanical properties and durability and exhibit robust crimps. Furthermore, polyethylene terephthalate fibers are preferred because they exhibit the washing durability unique to polyester fibers.

[0022] Polyethylene terephthalate can be a polyester containing terephthalic acid as the main acid component and ethylene glycol as the main glycol component, with 90 mol% or more of repeating units being ethylene terephthalate. It may also contain other copolymerizable components capable of forming ester bonds, provided that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of copolymerizable compounds include dicarboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, dimer acid, sebacic acid, and sulfonic acid.

[0023] The sheath yarn in the present invention preferably has a fiber cross-sectional flatness of 1.5 or less, which improves the transparency-preventing property in a wet state. One of the reasons why the transparency-preventing property decreases in a wet state compared to a dry state is that water penetrates into the interfiber voids, reducing light scattering and increasing transmitted light. For this reason, when a sheath yarn having a modified cross-section or a flat cross-section with a flatness of more than 1.5 is used, the transparency-preventing property in a dry state improves, but tends to decrease in a wet state. The sheath yarn's flatness is more preferably 1.0 or more and 1.4 or less.

[0024] The cross-sectional shape of the sheath yarn of the mixed yarn of the present invention is arbitrary, but is preferably round for the reasons mentioned above. A hollow cross-sectional structure is likely to be crushed in the dyeing process, which tends to cause variations in flatness, so a substantially solid cross-sectional structure is preferred.

[0025] The mixed yarn of the present invention has stretchability, and by adjusting the properties of the core yarn to exhibit unprecedented stretchability, the mixed yarn after processing can be given comfortable stretchability. As a requirement for exhibiting this stretchability, in principle, the core yarn should have excellent stretch elongation and stretch recovery, but from the viewpoint of the bulkiness and firmness of the mixed yarn in the subsequent processes, it is preferable that the fiber used for the core yarn in the present invention be a side-by-side or eccentric core-sheath type composite fiber.

[0026] Furthermore, since side-by-side and eccentric sheath-core composite fibers shrink and develop coil crimps during processing after dyeing, using these fibers as the core yarn increases the coverage rate with the highly opacity-preventing sheath yarn during post-processing, allowing the sheath yarn to tightly cover the core yarn, resulting in improved opacity prevention and durability compared to when other fibers are used as the core yarn.

[0027] The side-by-side type composite fiber referred to here means a fiber having a configuration in which polymer A and polymer B having different properties are laminated together in the fiber cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis, and the eccentric core-sheath type composite fiber means a fiber having a configuration in which polymer A is arranged on either the left or right side of the center of gravity in the fiber cross section perpendicular to the fiber axis, and polymer B is arranged to cover it.

[0028] These fibers all exhibit coil crimps according to the difference in shrinkage between polymer A and polymer B and the fiber diameter, and exhibit the stretch performance required for the core yarn in the present invention according to this coil crimp. At the raw yarn stage, the fibers have a relatively flat fiber form, and exhibiting fine crimps after processing is preferable for the durability of the blended yarn and running properties during processing.

[0029] The combination of polymers used in these composite fibers is not particularly limited, but combinations such as high-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate / low-viscosity polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as "PBT") / polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as "PET"), polytrimethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as "PPT") / PET, nylon 6 / nylon 610, etc. are preferred because they result in a large difference in the shrinkage properties of the two components, a large number of coils per unit fiber length, and a fine crimp pitch for the core yarn, resulting in a soft touch and excellent stretchability.

[0030] The weight ratio of the A polymer to the B polymer components that make up the composite fiber is preferably in the range of 2:8 to 8:2, and more preferably 4:6 to 6:4. Outside this range, the amount of either the high-shrinkage or low-shrinkage component will be less, which may result in coarse coil crimps.

[0031] The total fineness of the blended yarn of the present invention is preferably 20 to 250 dtex for both the core yarn and the sheath yarn in order to impart firmness and transparency-preventing properties to the woven fabric. If the total fineness is less than 20 dtex, it may be difficult to obtain transparency-preventing properties. If the total fineness is more than 250 dtex, the blended yarn may be too thick for use as an outer garment.

[0032] The core yarn single yarn fineness of the blended yarn of the present invention is preferably 1.0 to 10 dtex in order to impart a minimum amount of firmness and stiffness to the woven or knitted fabric. If the single yarn fineness is less than 1.0 dtex, the fiber strength will be extremely weak, and the tear strength and burst strength of the woven or knitted fabric will tend to decrease. If the single yarn fineness is more than 10 dtex, the single yarn will be too thick and may not easily entangle with the sheath yarn.

[0033] The single yarn fineness of the sheath yarn of the blended yarn of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 5 dtex in order to impart a soft feel to the woven or knitted fabric. If the single yarn fineness is less than 0.5 dtex, the fiber strength will be extremely weak, and pilling and snagging will tend to decrease. If the single yarn fineness is more than 5 dtex, the single yarn will be too thick and may not easily entangle with the core yarn.

[0034] The number of loop fluffs formed in the surface layer of the mixed yarn of the present invention is preferably 10 to 300 loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more per meter, in order to achieve a balance between texture, transparency prevention, and quality. Having 10 or more loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more per meter allows for a woven or knitted fabric with a cotton-like, soft texture. If the number of loop fluffs is less than 10 per meter, the woven or knitted fabric may have a plain, lacking volume. On the other hand, if the number of loop fluffs is more than 300 per meter, the inter-fiber voids increase, the transparency prevention properties in wet conditions decrease, and the loops are more likely to be squeezed by the guide, which may result in yarn breakage, poor unwinding, etc. A more preferred number of loop fluffs is 30 to 250 per meter.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn of the blended yarn of the present invention is preferably 0 to 5% in order to maintain transparency in a wet state. If the heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn exceeds 5%, the individual loops of the sheath yarn formed and fixed in the nozzle section tend to come apart. This can result in the formation of gaps between the fibers, which can be a factor in reducing transparency in a wet state. On the other hand, if the heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn is less than 0%, the loops of the sheath yarn tend to become larger, reducing snag.

[0036] The heat shrinkage rate of the core yarn of the blended yarn of the present invention is preferably 0 to 10%. If the heat shrinkage rate of the core yarn exceeds 10%, the loops of the sheath yarn tend to become larger and the snag tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the heat shrinkage rate of the core yarn is less than 0%, distortion of the weave tends to occur in the woven or knitted fabric.

[0037] The blended yarn of the present invention is preferably used without twisting in order to obtain a fluffy feel, but may be subjected to twisting processing. The preferred number of twists is 50 to 1000 T / m.

[0038] Next, the method for producing the mixed yarn and woven or knitted fabric of the present invention will be described.

[0039] First, when spinning the raw yarn that will be the base yarn of the mixed yarn of the present invention, it may be a highly oriented undrawn yarn or a drawn yarn, but in order to reduce the heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn, it is preferable to use a highly oriented undrawn yarn so that the amorphous part is in a highly oriented state, and the preferred spinning speed is 2800 to 3500 m / min.

[0040] In order to reduce the heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn, it is preferable to heat treat the sheath yarn at a high temperature before blending. A hollow heater is preferably used for the heat treatment to prevent the generation of fluff due to heater contamination, and the preferred heater temperature is 180 to 230°C. The heat shrinkage rate of the sheath yarn is adjusted appropriately so that it is 0 to 5%.

[0041] Next, to intermingle the core yarn and sheath yarn, any nozzle can be selected, but a turbulent flow processing nozzle such as a Taslan nozzle, which can form stable loops, is preferred. Loops can be formed in the sheath yarn by adjusting the overfeed of the core yarn and sheath yarn supplied to the nozzle. To form loop fluff of 0.6 mm or more in the range of 10 to 300 per meter, the overfeed difference between the sheath yarn and the core yarn is preferably 3 to 25%. The interlacing pressure is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, and more preferably 0.5 to 0.9 MPa.

[0042] When blending with a Taslan nozzle, water can be added to the core yarn to make the loops more firmly entangled. By firmly entangling the sheath yarn, physical properties such as anti-transparency and snag / pilling properties are improved, so adding water is not an issue.

[0043] Furthermore, the sheath yarn may be heat-treated and drawn at a low magnification using a hot pin before blending to impart thick and thin portions to the yarn. By imparting thick and thin filaments to the filaments and randomizing the flecked texture, a more cotton-like surface texture can be achieved, but the dye adsorption of the thick portions increases, resulting in poor color fastness. Therefore, the preferred hot pin drawing conditions are a magnification of 1.2 to 1.8 and a hot pin temperature condition in the range of 70 to 90°C.

[0044] The faster the processing speed during fiber blending, the higher the productivity, which is preferable, but in consideration of stable processing, a speed of 100 to 800 (m / min) is preferable.

[0045] Furthermore, the blended yarn of the present invention preferably has a stretching extension rate of 20 to 150% after tensioning at 0.5 cN / dtex. By controlling the fluid turbulence treatment conditions and setting the stretching extension rate in this range so as not to inhibit the development of three-dimensional coil crimp, good stretchability can be obtained when made into a woven or knitted fabric. If the stretching extension rate is less than 20%, the woven or knitted fabric may not have sufficient stretchability. If the stretching extension rate exceeds 150%, the stretchability may be too strong, causing unevenness on the surface of the woven or knitted fabric, and a soft texture may not be obtained. The preferred stretching extension rate is 20 to 125%, and more preferably 20 to 100%.

[0046] The mixed yarn of the present invention produced in this manner is made into a woven or knitted fabric using known weaving and knitting methods. In the present invention, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics are collectively referred to as "woven or knitted fabrics." The woven or knitted fabrics of the present invention are not limited in any way by their structure or density. To improve their transparency in a wet state, woven or knitted fabrics using 30% by mass or more of the mixed yarn of the present invention are preferred. Cellulose filaments or spun yarns in particular have low transparency in a wet state, but by interweaving or interknitting the woven or knitted fabric with the mixed yarn of the present invention in an amount of 30% by mass or more, for example, the transparency in a wet state can be improved.

[0047] As the loom used for weaving, any commonly used model such as a normal loom, a rapier loom, a water jet loom, or an air jet loom can be used without any particular limitation.

[0048] In addition, commercially available knitting machines such as circular knitting machines, tricot machines, Raschel machines, etc. can be used for knitting. When the mixed yarn of the present invention is used as at least a part of a knitting yarn, it is preferable to perform knitting by optimizing the tension of each.

[0049] The knitting structure may be any of jersey, kanoko, smooth, rib, punch, rib, mock lody, bonded reversible, half, denbigh, satin, atlas, etc., but to maximize the anti-transparency effect, when the mixed yarn of the present invention is interwoven with other fibers, it is preferable that the mixed yarn is placed on the surface and the other fibers are not exposed on the surface. In the case of circular knitting, regardless of whether a single or double knitting machine is used, it is more preferable to use a structure that allows the front and back to be completely separated, such as reversible jersey, reversible kanoko, bonded structure, or inlay structure. In the case of warp knitting, it is more preferable to place the mixed yarn of the present invention on the front reed and place the mixed yarn on top of other fibers on both the front and back, and the knitting conditions are not limited to double denbigh, half, satin, atlas, etc.

[0050] The dyeing process can be carried out in accordance with the dyeing process and conditions for woven and knitted fabrics made from general polyester or nylon blended yarns. If necessary, heat-resistant processing, shrink-proof processing, wrinkle-resistant processing, softening processing, weight reduction processing, etc. may be carried out.

[0051] Furthermore, the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention may contain a small amount of resin material, if necessary, such as a softener, a radical scavenger, an antioxidant, a fluorescent whitening agent, an antibacterial agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, a matting agent, an antistatic agent, a hard finishing agent, a shape stabilizer, a water repellent, or a water absorbent.

[0052] The woven or knitted fabric of the present invention preferably has a water absorption rate of within 5 seconds and a residual moisture content of 30% or less after 60 minutes, which is excellent in terms of water absorption and quick-drying properties. Such a woven or knitted fabric of the present invention is preferred because it has a cotton-like appearance while also having water absorption and quick-drying properties that cannot be achieved with cotton.

[0053] Furthermore, it is preferable that the woven or knitted fabric of the present invention has a transparency resistance of grade 4 or higher in both the dry and wet states based on JIS L1923:2017 "Method for evaluating the transparency resistance of textile products" Method A (visual method), in order to have excellent transparency resistance in both the dry and wet states. [Example]

[0054] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Various measurement methods used in the present invention are as follows.

[0055] 1. Fineness A 100-fold skein was prepared using a measuring machine with a frame circumference of 1.0 m, and the fineness was measured according to the following formula. Fineness (dtex) = Weight of skein for 100 uses (g) x 100

[0056] 2.Stretching and elongation rate The fabric is wound 10 times around a measuring machine with a 0.8 m circumference frame under a tension of 90 mg / dtex to form a skein, which is then hung from a rod of 2 cm or less and left for approximately 24 hours. This skein is then heat-treated at 90°C for 20 minutes under no tension, and then hung from a rod of 2 cm or less and left under no tension. After approximately 12 hours, the skein length is measured and defined as L. A measurement load (g) of 90 mg / dtex is then applied, and the skein length is measured and defined as L1. The stretching elongation is calculated using the following formula. Measurements are taken at 10 points, and the average value is defined as the stretching elongation. ·Stretching and elongation rate (%)={(L-L1) / L}×100

[0057] 3. Number of loop fluffs The number of loop fluffs protruding 0.6 mm or more from the yarn surface of the blended yarn was measured for 2 minutes using a photoelectric fluff measuring device (TORAY FRAY COUNTER) at a yarn speed of 10 m / min and a running yarn tension of 0.1 g / d, and the number of loop fluffs per meter was calculated.

[0058] 4. Titanium oxide content The sheath yarn extracted from the blended yarn was sampled at five locations in the longitudinal direction, and after carbon deposition, quantitative elemental analysis of the outermost and inner layers was performed using a JEOL electron beam probe microanalyzer (FE-EPMA) JXA-8530F at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV and a probe current of 40 nA. The average titanium oxide content of each layer was calculated from the content of Ti (titanium) element.

[0059] 5.Anti-transparent The transparency resistance in dry and wet conditions was determined based on JIS L1923:2017 "Method for evaluating the transparency resistance of textile products" Method A (visual method). Grade 4 or higher was set as the passing standard.

[0060] 6. Lightfastness The lightfastness was determined based on JIS L0842:2004: "Test method for color fastness to ultraviolet carbon arc lamp light." Grade 3 or higher was set as the passing standard.

[0061] 7.Process passability The operability of the blended fiber processing was evaluated (36 spindles for 5 days), and the yarn breakage rate was judged according to the following criteria. ◎ and ○ were the pass criteria. ◎: Yarn breakage rate is less than 3% ○: Yarn breakage rate is 3% or more but less than 5% △: Yarn breakage rate is between 5% and 10% ×: Yarn breakage rate is 10% or more

[0062] 8. Flatness The mixed yarn was sampled at five locations in the fiber axis direction, embedded in resin, and cut out to obtain cross-section observation samples, and each sample was micrographed. For all fiber cross sections photographed, the ratio A / B of the length (A) of the longest part (major axis) to the maximum length (B) of the minor axis perpendicular to the major axis was measured, and the ratio was expressed as the average of all the measured values.

[0063] 9. Quick drying (diffusible residual moisture content) After measuring the mass (W) of a 10cm x 10cm test piece, 0.6ml of water was dropped onto the test piece and the mass (W0) was measured. The test piece was hung to dry under standard conditions (20°C, 65%RH) and the mass (Wt) was measured every 5 minutes, and the diffusible residual moisture content (%) was calculated for each hour using the following formula. The obtained residual moisture content was linearly approximated, and samples that took 55 minutes or less to reach a residual moisture content of 10% were deemed to have passed the test. Diffusible residual moisture content (%) = {(Wt-W) / (W0-W)} x 100

[0064] 10.Water absorption The water absorption was measured using the drop method described in JIS L 1907:2010 "Test method for water absorption of textile products." A passing criterion was 5 seconds or less.

[0065] 11. Stretchability The tensile strength and elongation were determined using JIS Method B (Grab method) as described in JIS L 1096:2010 "Testing methods for woven and knitted fabrics." The passing standard was 40% or more in both the warp and weft directions, with those that passed being rated as good and those that did not pass being rated as unsatisfactory.

[0066] Hereinafter, Example 7 will be read as Reference Example 1. Example 1 The outermost layer contains 0.2 mass% of anatase-type titanium dioxide and 30 mass% of rutile-type titanium dioxide. Polyethylene terephthalate of round cross section arranged in a mass ratio of 20:80 with an inner layer containing % by mass of The yarn was spun at a spinning speed of 3000 (m / min) to a fineness of 110 dtex-36F and elongation of 170%. Highly oriented undrawn yarn A was obtained.

[0067] PTT / PET were arranged side-by-side in a mass ratio of 50:50, spun at a spinning speed of 1500 (m / min), and drawn at 4000 (m / min) to obtain drawn yarn B with 56 dtex-24F and elongation of 36%.

[0068] Using a blending machine, the highly oriented undrawn yarn A was drawn at a hollow heater temperature of 200°C and a draw ratio of 1.4 before blending, and then fed as a sheath yarn to a Taslan nozzle at an overfeed rate of 14%. Blending processing was then performed with drawn yarn B (core yarn) fed at an overfeed rate of 10% at an entanglement pressure of 0.75 (MPa) and a processing speed of 400 m / min to obtain a blended yarn with a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.4, a number of loop fuzzes of 0.6 mm or more of 105 / m, and a stretch elongation of 38.2%. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0069] Next, the raw yarn was used to knit a plain stitch on a single circular knitting machine (Fukuhara, XA-3FA, 28G, 30 x 2.54 mm), and the resulting knitted fabric was then subjected to continuous scouring at 98°C, liquid flow relaxation at 120°C, and finish setting at 160°C, resulting in a knitted fabric with a width of 133 cm, a well density of 47W, and a course density of 70C.

[0070] The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0071] <Example 2> A mixed yarn having a loop fluff count of 0.6 mm or more: 168 / m and a stretch elongation rate of 38.5% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the content of rutile-type titanium oxide was 15% by mass and the overfeed rate of highly oriented undrawn yarn A was 16%. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0072] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0073] The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0074] Example 3 A mixed yarn having a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.2, a number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more of 68 / m, and a stretch elongation of 34.1% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the drawing speed of drawn yarn B was set to 3500 (m / min), PTT / PET was used as a drawn yarn with an eccentric core-sheath type and an elongation of 32%, and the overfeed rate of highly oriented undrawn yarn A was set to 13%. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0075] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0076] The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0077] Example 4 To prepare drawn yarn B, PBT / PET was arranged side-by-side in a mass ratio of 50:50, spun at a spinning speed of 1200 (m / min), and drawn at 3500 (m / min) to obtain drawn yarn B with 56 dtex-24F and an elongation of 32%.

[0078] Using a fiber blending machine, the same highly oriented undrawn yarn A as in Example 2 was subjected to low-magnification heat treatment and drawing at 1.4 times at a hot pin temperature of 80°C before blending to form a thick and thin portion, and then heat-treated at a fixed length at a hollow heater temperature of 180°C. Thereafter, the yarn was fed as a sheath yarn to a Taslan nozzle at an overfeed rate of 19% and blended with drawn yarn B (core yarn) fed at an overfeed rate of 10% at an entanglement pressure of 0.75 (MPa) and a processing speed of 400 m / min to obtain a blended yarn with a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.4, a number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more at 282 / m, and a stretch elongation of 29.2%. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0079] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1. The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0080] <Example 5> A mixed yarn having a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.4, a number of loop fuzzes of 0.6 mm or more of 110 / m, and a stretch elongation of 38.4% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a highly oriented undrawn yarn having a fineness of 110 dtex-36F and an elongation of 170% was used, which was obtained by spinning, at a spinning speed of 3000 m / min, polyethylene terephthalate having a round cross section, an outermost layer containing 0.7% by mass of anatase titanium dioxide, an inner layer containing 20% ​​by mass of rutile titanium dioxide, and an innermost layer containing 0.7% by mass of anatase titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 20:30:50. The mixed yarn had a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.4, a number of loop fuzzes of 0.6 mm or more of 110 / m, and a stretch elongation of 38.4%. The processability was very good, with little yarn breakage.

[0081] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1. The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0082] Example 6 Nylon 6 with a round cross section, in which an outermost layer containing 0.2% by mass of anatase titanium dioxide and an inner layer containing 30% by mass of rutile titanium dioxide were arranged in a mass ratio of 20:80, was spun at a spinning speed of 3300 (m / min) to obtain drawn yarn C with a fineness of 67 dtex-36F and an elongation of 55%. Subsequently, drawn yarn D with an eccentric core-sheath structure of 66 dtex-24F and an elongation of 35% was obtained, in which nylon 6 / nylon 610 were arranged in a mass ratio of 50:50.

[0083] Using a blending machine, drawn yarn C was fed as a sheath yarn into a Taslan nozzle at an overfeed rate of 40%, and mixed with another drawn yarn D (core yarn) fed at an overfeed rate of 3% at an entanglement pressure of 0.75 MPa and a processing speed of 400 m / min to obtain a blended yarn with a diameter of 123 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.2, a loop fuzz count of 144 / m, and a stretch elongation of 25.8%. The blending process was excellent with little yarn breakage.

[0084] Next, the raw yarn was used to knit a plain stitch on a single circular knitting machine (Fukuhara, XA-3FA, 28G, 30 x 2.54 mm), and the resulting knitted fabric was then subjected to continuous scouring at 98°C, liquid flow relaxation at 98°C, and finish setting at 130°C to produce a product with a width of 133 cm, a well density of 47W, and a course density of 70C.

[0085] The obtained knitted fabric had excellent transparency in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. It was suitable as a transparency-proof material with a cotton-like, soft texture.

[0086] <Comparative Example 1> A mixed yarn having a fineness of 110 dtex-36F, a flatness of 1.4, a number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more of 105 / m, and a stretch elongation of 38.6% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an anatase type titanium oxide was used for the inner layer. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0087] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0088] The resulting knitted fabric had excellent opacity in both wet and dry conditions, good stretchability and quick-drying properties, and a cotton-like, soft texture. However, it was subject to significant discoloration due to light, making it unsuitable for clothing applications.

[0089] <Comparative Example 2> A knitted fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that highly oriented undrawn yarn A was spun using polyethylene terephthalate with a circular cross section, in which an outermost layer contained 15% by mass of anatase-type titanium oxide and an inner layer contained 0.7% by mass of rutile-type titanium oxide were arranged in a mass ratio of 20:80.

[0090] The resulting knitted fabric had very good opacity in both wet and dry conditions, good stretchability and quick-drying properties, and a cotton-like, soft texture. However, it showed some noticeable discoloration in light, making it unsuitable as a clothing material.

[0091] Example 7 A mixed yarn having a loop fluff count of 0.6 mm or more: 375 / m and a stretch elongation rate of 37.9% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the overfeed rate of the highly oriented undrawn yarn A was 24% and the entanglement pressure with the drawn yarn B (core yarn) was 0.77 (MPa). The processability was poor, with many yarn breakages due to contamination of the nozzle and guide, making production difficult.

[0092] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0093] The obtained knitted fabric had very good opacity in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties. However, it had a lot of fuzz on the surface and was inferior in softness and texture to the knitted fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 6. However, it was within the range that could be used as a cotton-like material, and could be used for clothing if the application was selected.

[0094] <Comparative Example 3> A mixed yarn having a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.2, a number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more of 98 / m, and a stretch elongation of 38.3% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that highly oriented undrawn yarn A was spun using polyethylene terephthalate having a round cross section, with an outermost layer containing 0.2% by mass of anatase titanium dioxide and an inner layer containing 2.3% by mass of rutile titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 20:80. The processability was very good, with little yarn breakage.

[0095] Thereafter, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0096] The obtained knitted fabric had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties, and had a cotton-like soft texture. However, its transparency was insufficient in both dry and wet conditions, making it unsuitable as a transparency-proof material.

[0097] <Comparative Example 4> Highly oriented undrawn yarn A and drawn yarn B were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

[0098] Using a blending machine, the highly oriented undrawn yarn A was drawn at a hollow heater temperature of 200°C and a draw ratio of 1.4 before blending, and then interlaced with drawn yarn B, also with an overfeed rate of 0.5%, at an entanglement pressure of 0.2 (MPa) and a processing speed of 550 (m / min) to obtain a blended yarn with a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.2, a number of loop fuzzes of 0.6 mm or more per meter, and a stretch elongation of 39.5%. The processability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0099] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0100] The obtained knitted fabric had good lightfastness, stretchability, and quick-drying properties, but it lacked volume and was not what could be described as a soft texture. Its opacity was also insufficient in both dry and wet conditions, making it unsuitable as an opacity material.

[0101] <Comparative Example 5> A false twist textured yarn consisting of only PET, with a round cross section, 56 dtex, 24F, and elongation of 30%, was obtained.

[0102] Using a blending machine, the same highly oriented undrawn yarn A as in Example 1 was drawn at a hollow heater temperature of 200°C and a draw ratio of 1.4 before blending, and then supplied as a sheath yarn to a Taslan nozzle at an overfeed rate of 13%. Blending processing was performed with the false twist textured yarn (core yarn) supplied at an overfeed rate of 9% at an entanglement pressure of 0.77 (MPa) and a processing speed of 3,800 m / min to obtain a blended yarn with a fineness of 150 dtex-60F, a flatness of 1.0, a number of loop fuzzes of 0.6 mm or more of 90 / m, and a stretch elongation of 31.1%. The process passability was very good with little yarn breakage.

[0103] Next, a knitted fabric was produced in the same process as in Example 1.

[0104] The resulting knitted fabric had excellent opacity in both dry and wet conditions, and also had good lightfastness and quick-drying properties. However, the texture was rough and hard, and the stretch was insufficient, making it unsuitable as an opacity material with a soft, cotton-like texture.

[0105] [Table 1]

[0106] [Table 2] [Industrial Applicability]

[0107] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a mixed yarn having excellent wet-state transparency-proof properties and fastness, and also excellent manufacturing processability, and a highly stretchable woven or knitted fabric having a cotton-like soft texture using the mixed yarn. As a result, the woven or knitted fabric has excellent transparency-proof properties as well as heat-shielding and UV-blocking properties, and is suitable for use in casual clothing, formal clothing, uniforms, sportswear, etc.

Claims

1. A mixed yarn comprising a core yarn and a sheath yarn, the core yarn being a side-by-side type or an eccentric core-sheath type composite fiber, the sheath yarn having an outermost layer portion having a titanium oxide content of 0 to 2% by mass and an inner layer portion having a titanium oxide content of 5 to 60% by mass, the titanium oxide in the inner layer portion being of rutile type, and covering the composite fiber, The mass ratio of the outermost layer part to the inner layer part of the sheath yarn is 15:85 to 25:

75. the total fineness of the blended yarn is 20 to 250 dtex for both the core yarn and the sheath yarn, and the single yarn fineness of the sheath yarn is 0.5 to 5 dtex; The number of loop fluffs of 0.6 mm or more is present in the surface layer part of the mixed yarn at a rate of 10 to 300 pieces / m, A blended yarn having a stretch elongation rate of 20 to 100% after tensioning at 0.5 cN / dtex.

2. 2. The mixed yarn according to claim 1, wherein the single core yarn fineness of the mixed yarn is 1.0 to 10 dtex.

3. A blended fiber yarn as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the sheath yarn has a flatness of the fiber cross section of 1.5 or less.

4. A mixed yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an innermost layer portion having a titanium oxide content of 0 to 2% by mass is disposed inside the inner layer portion having a titanium oxide content of 5 to 60% by mass.

5. A woven or knitted fabric using the mixed yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. 6. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 5, which has a water absorption rate of within 5 seconds and a residual moisture content of 30% or less after 60 minutes.

7. The woven or knitted fabric according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the transparency resistance in both the dry state and the wet state based on JIS L1923:2017 "Method for evaluating the transparency resistance of textile products" Method A (visual method) is grade 4 or higher.

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