Scroll-type fluid machinery

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a scroll-type fluid machine that can reduce suction loss.　A scroll-type compressor comprises: a fixed scroll 11 having an end plate 17, a spiral-shaped wrap 18 erected on one surface of the end plate 17, and a suction hole 19 bored into the end plate 17; an orbiting scroll 12 having an end plate 25, and a spiral-shaped wrap 26 erected on one surface of the end plate 25 so as to face the fixed scroll 11; and a drive shaft 13 that causes the orbiting scroll 12 to orbit relative to the fixed scroll 11. The suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 is disposed in the range of the winding direction of wrapping in which the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 is more on the outermost side than the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 between a first confinement start position A and a second confinement start position B, and intermittently directly communicates with a working chamber 34 formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 and the outer peripheral side of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a scroll-type fluid machine. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a scroll compressor, which is one type of scroll-type fluid machine. This scroll compressor includes a fixed scroll, an orbiting scroll, and a drive shaft that rotates the orbiting scroll relative to the fixed scroll. The fixed scroll has an end plate, a spiral wrap standing on one surface of the end plate, and suction and discharge holes drilled in the end plate. The orbiting scroll has an end plate and a spiral wrap standing on one surface of the end plate so as to face the fixed scroll.

[0003] The suction hole of the fixed scroll is arranged in the range of the winding direction of the wrap of the orbiting scroll that is on the outermost side of the wrap of the fixed scroll between the first confinement start position (more specifically, the position where the winding end of the wrap of the orbiting scroll contacts the wrap of the fixed scroll) and the second confinement start position (more specifically, the position where the winding end of the wrap of the fixed scroll contacts the wrap of the orbiting scroll).

[0004] A plurality of first working chambers are formed between the inner circumferential side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll and the outer circumferential side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, and a first suction passage is formed on the outermost circumferential side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll. As the wrap of the orbiting scroll moves, the first working chambers move in the winding direction of the wrap and sequentially perform a suction process, a compression process, and a discharge process. During the suction process, the first working chamber draws in gas through the suction hole of the fixed scroll and the first suction passage. During the compression process, the first working chamber compresses the gas. During the discharge process, the first working chamber discharges the compressed gas through the discharge hole of the fixed scroll.

[0005] A plurality of second working chambers are formed between the inner circumferential side of the wrap of the fixed scroll and the outer circumferential side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll, and a second suction passage is formed on the outermost circumferential side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll. As the wrap of the orbiting scroll moves, the second working chambers move in the winding direction of the wrap and sequentially perform the suction process, compression process, and discharge process. During the suction process, the second working chamber draws in gas through the suction hole of the fixed scroll and the second suction passage. During the compression process, the second working chamber compresses the gas. During the discharge process, the second working chamber discharges the compressed gas through the discharge hole of the fixed scroll.

[0006] As the orbiting scroll wrap moves, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second suction passage increases, but the cross-sectional area of ​​the first suction passage decreases. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, grooves are formed in the non-sliding area of ​​the end plate of the fixed scroll to expand the cross-sectional area of ​​the first suction passage, thereby reducing suction loss. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-185020 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In Patent Document 1, grooves are formed in the non-sliding region of the end plate of the fixed scroll to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the first suction passage, thereby reducing the suction loss, but there is a limit to how much the loss can be reduced.

[0009] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and one of its objects is to reduce suction loss. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The present invention includes a plurality of means for solving the above-mentioned problems, and one example thereof is a scroll-type fluid machine comprising a fixed scroll having an end plate, a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the end plate, and a suction hole drilled in the end plate, an orbiting scroll having an end plate and a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the end plate so as to face the fixed scroll, and a drive shaft for orbiting the orbiting scroll relative to the fixed scroll, wherein the suction hole of the fixed scroll is disposed in a range in the winding direction of the wrap of the orbiting scroll that is on the outermost side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, between a first confinement start position where a winding end end of the wrap of the orbiting scroll contacts the wrap of the fixed scroll, and a second confinement start position where the winding end end of the wrap of the fixed scroll contacts the wrap of the orbiting scroll, and the suction hole is in intermittent direct communication with a working chamber formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll and the outer peripheral side of the wrap of the fixed scroll. The suction hole of the fixed scroll has an opening that opens to one surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a first range, the entire opening communicates with the working chamber via the suction passage, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a second range, a part of the opening communicates directly with the working chamber and another part of the opening communicates with the working chamber via the suction passage. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the suction loss.

[0012] Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will become clear from the following description. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view illustrating a structure of a scroll compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is an axial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a scroll compressor in one embodiment to which the present invention is applied. [Figure 3A] 3 is a radial cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, showing the case where the crank angle of the drive shaft is 0 degrees. [Figure 3B]3 is a radial cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, showing the case where the crank angle of the drive shaft is 90 degrees. [Figure 3C] 3 is a radial cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, showing the case where the crank angle of the drive shaft is 180 degrees. [Figure 3D] 3 is a radial cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, showing the case where the crank angle of the drive shaft is 270 degrees. [Figure 4] FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion IV in FIG. 3D. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 4 and is a diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the suction hole of the fixed scroll and the tip seal of the orbiting scroll. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a first modified example to which the present invention is applied. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a second modified example to which the present invention is applied. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] An embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0015] Fig. 1 is a side view showing the structure of a scroll compressor according to this embodiment. Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a scroll compressor according to this embodiment. Figs. 3A to 3D are radial cross-sectional views taken along arrows III-III in Fig. 2, showing cases where the crank angles of the drive shaft are 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees, respectively. Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of portion IV in Fig. 3D. Fig. 5 corresponds to Fig. 4 and is a view for explaining the relationship between the suction hole of the fixed scroll and the tip seal of the orbiting scroll.

[0016] The scroll compressor of this embodiment includes a casing 10, a fixed scroll 11, an orbiting scroll 12, a drive shaft 13, a cooling fan 14, and a duct 15. The fixed scroll 11 is connected to the open side of the casing 10 (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2). The orbiting scroll 12 is housed within the casing 10. The drive shaft 13 is rotatably supported by a bearing 16 within the casing 10. The cooling fan 14 rotates together with the drive shaft 13 to generate cooling air. The duct 15, only a portion of which is shown, guides the cooling air generated by the cooling fan 14.

[0017] The fixed scroll 11 has a substantially circular end plate 17, a spiral wrap 18 standing on one surface of the end plate 17 (the surface on the left side in FIG. 2), an inlet hole 19 drilled in the end plate 17 and extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the end plate 17 (the left-right direction in FIG. 2), and a discharge hole 20 drilled in the end plate 17 and extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the end plate 17. A suction filter 21 is connected to the inlet hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11, and a discharge pipe 22 is connected to the discharge hole 20 of the fixed scroll 11.

[0018] The fixed scroll 11 further has a plurality of cooling fins 23 erected on the opposite surface (the surface on the right side in FIG. 2 ) of the end plate 17, and a cover 24 attached to the tip side of the cooling fins 23. Cooling air from the duct 15 flows through a flow path formed by the cooling fins 23 and the cover 24. This cools the fixed scroll 11.

[0019] The orbiting scroll 12 has a substantially circular end plate 25, a spiral wrap 26 erected on one surface (the right surface in FIG. 2) of the end plate 25 so as to face the fixed scroll 11, a plurality of cooling fins 27 erected on the opposite surface (the left surface in FIG. 2) of the end plate 25, and a plate 28 attached to the tip side of the cooling fins 27. Cooling air from the duct 15 flows through a flow path formed by the cooling fins 27 and the plate 28. This cools the orbiting scroll 12.

[0020] The wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 and the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 are arranged symmetrically. A groove 29 (see FIG. 5) is formed on the tip side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12, and a tip seal (sliding member) 30 (see FIG. 5) is inserted into the groove 29, and the tip seal 30 comes into contact with the end plate 17 of the fixed scroll 11. Similarly, a groove is formed on the tip side of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11, and a tip seal is inserted into this groove, and the tip seal comes into contact with the end plate 25 of the orbiting scroll 12. This improves the sealing of the working chamber, which will be described later.

[0021] A crank portion 31 is provided on one end side (the right side in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the drive shaft 13. The center O2 of the crank portion 31 of the drive shaft 13 is eccentric from the center O1 of the drive shaft 13 and is connected to the boss portion of the plate 28 of the orbiting scroll 12 via an orbiting bearing 32.

[0022] The other end of the drive shaft 13 (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) protrudes outside the casing 10 and is provided with a pulley 33. A belt (not shown) is stretched between the pulley (not shown) provided on the rotating shaft (not shown) of the electric motor and the pulley 33. As a result, the rotational force of the electric motor is transmitted to rotate the drive shaft 13, and the orbiting scroll 12 orbits relative to the fixed scroll 11. A rotation prevention mechanism for preventing the orbiting scroll 12 from rotating on its own axis is provided within the casing 10.

[0023] The crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is the rotation angle of the straight line connecting the aforementioned centers O1 and O2, and as shown in Figure 3A, the angle at which the winding end of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 contacts the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 and the winding end of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 contacts the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 is taken as the reference angle (0 degrees).

[0024] 3A (more specifically, the position where the winding end of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 contacts the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11) and the second confinement start position B (more specifically, the position where the winding end of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 contacts the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12), the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 is located on the outermost side of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 in the winding direction of the wrap 18 (in other words, a range in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 13). Note that in this embodiment, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 is located at a position in the winding direction of the wrap 18 that is intermediate between the first confinement start position A and the second confinement start position B (in other words, a position in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 13).

[0025] A plurality of first working chambers 34 are formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 (more specifically, the inner surface CD shown in Figure 3B) and the outer peripheral side of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 (more specifically, the outer surface FG shown in Figure 3B), and a first suction flow path 35 is formed on the outermost peripheral side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12.

[0026] As the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 moves, the first working chamber 34 moves in the winding direction of the wrap 26 and sequentially performs a suction process, a compression process, and a discharge process. More specifically, for example, when the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is between 0 and 360 degrees (in other words, during one rotation of the drive shaft 13), the suction process is performed, in which gas (e.g., air) is sucked in through the suction filter 21, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11, and the first suction passage 35. When the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is between 360 and 1170 degrees (in other words, by the time the drive shaft 13 rotates three times and the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 reaches 90 degrees), the compression process is performed, in which gas is compressed (pressurized). When the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is 1170 degrees or more, the discharge process is performed, in which compressed gas is discharged through the discharge hole 20 of the fixed scroll 11 and the discharge pipe 22.

[0027] A plurality of second working chambers 36 are formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap 18 of the fixed scroll 11 (more specifically, the inner surface HG shown in Figure 3B) and the outer peripheral side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 (more specifically, the outer surface ED shown in Figure 3B), and a second suction flow path 37 is formed on the outermost peripheral side of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12.

[0028] As the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 moves, the second working chamber 36 moves in the winding direction of the wrap 26 and sequentially performs a suction process, a compression process, and a discharge process. More specifically, for example, when the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is between 0 and 360 degrees (in other words, during one rotation of the drive shaft 13), the suction process is performed, in which gas is drawn in through the suction filter 21, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11, and the second suction passage 37. When the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is between 360 and 1170 degrees (in other words, by the time the drive shaft 13 rotates three times and the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 reaches 90 degrees), the compression process is performed, in which gas is compressed. When the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is 1170 degrees or more, the discharge process is performed, in which compressed gas is discharged through the discharge hole 20 of the fixed scroll 11 and the discharge pipe 22.

[0029] As the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 moves, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second suction passage 37 increases, but the cross-sectional area of ​​the first suction passage 35 decreases. Therefore, as a feature of this embodiment, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 intermittently communicates directly with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process. To explain in more detail, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 has an opening 19a that opens to one surface of the end plate 17 described above, and the opening 19a partially overlaps with the movement range of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12. In other words, the opening 19a of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 partially overlaps with the movement range of the first working chamber 34 during the suction process.

[0030] When the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is within a first range (for example, 0 to 225 degrees and 315 to 360 degrees), the opening 19a of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 does not overlap with the first working chamber 34 in the suction process. Therefore, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 communicates with the first working chamber 34 in the suction process through the entire opening 19a and the first suction flow path 35.

[0031] On the other hand, for example, when the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is in a second range (e.g., 225 to 315 degrees), a portion of the opening 19a of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 (a portion on the inner side in the radial direction of the drive shaft 13) overlaps with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process, while the other portion (a portion on the outer side in the radial direction of the drive shaft 13) does not overlap with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process. Therefore, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 directly communicates with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process through a portion of the opening 19a, and communicates with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process through the other portion of the opening 19a via the first suction flow path 35. This reduces suction loss compared to when the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 does not directly communicate with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 does not overlap with the end portion (outer end portion in the winding direction) of the tip seal 30 inserted into the groove 29 of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 on the winding end side, but intermittently overlaps with other portions of the tip seal 30 (see FIG. 5). Therefore, unlike when the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 overlaps with the end portion of the tip seal 30, it is possible to prevent the tip seal 30 from falling off from the groove 29 of the wrap 26.

[0033] In the above embodiment, the opening 19a of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 is trapezoidal in shape, but this is not limiting. For example, as in a first modified example shown in Fig. 6, the opening 19a of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 may be comb-shaped, branching in the winding direction of the wrap. In this modified example, the area where the tip seal 30 inserted into the groove 29 of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 overlaps with the opening 19a is reduced, thereby further preventing the tip seal 30 from falling off from the groove 29 of the wrap 26.

[0034] In the above embodiment, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 has one opening 19a that opens to one surface of the end plate 17, but this is not limiting. For example, as in a second modified example shown in Fig. 7, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 may have multiple openings 19b, 19c that open to one surface of the end plate 17 and are separated from each other.

[0035] In this modification, when the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is within a first range (for example, 0 to 225 degrees and 315 to 360 degrees), the openings 19b and 19c of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 do not overlap with the first working chamber 34 in the suction process. Therefore, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 communicates with the first working chamber 34 in the suction process from the openings 19b and 19c via the first suction flow path 35.

[0036] On the other hand, for example, when the crank angle of the drive shaft 13 is in a second range (e.g., 225 to 315 degrees), the opening 19b of the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 overlaps with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process, but the opening 19c does not overlap with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process. Therefore, the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 directly communicates with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process through the opening 19b, and also communicates with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process through the opening 19c via the first suction flow path 35. This reduces suction loss compared to when the suction hole 19 of the fixed scroll 11 does not directly communicate with the first working chamber 34 during the suction process.

[0037] In addition, in this modified example, the area where the tip seal 30 inserted into the groove 29 of the wrap 26 of the orbiting scroll 12 overlaps with the openings 19b and 19c is reduced, thereby further preventing the tip seal 30 from falling off from the groove 29 of the wrap 26.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described above as being applied to a scroll compressor, which is one type of scroll fluid machine, the present invention is not limited to this and may be applied to other scroll fluid machines (specifically, scroll vacuum pumps, scroll expanders, etc.). [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 11... fixed scroll, 12... orbiting scroll, 13... drive shaft, 17... end plate, 18... wrap, 19... suction hole, 19a, 19b, 19c... openings, 25... end plate, 26... wrap, 29... groove, 30... tip seal, 34... first working chamber, 35... first suction passage

Claims

1. a fixed scroll having an end plate, a spiral wrap standing on one surface of the end plate, and an intake hole drilled in the end plate; an end plate; and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the end plate so as to face the fixed scroll; a drive shaft for rotating the orbiting scroll relative to the fixed scroll, the suction hole of the fixed scroll is disposed in a range in the winding direction of the wrap of the orbiting scroll that is on the outermost side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, between a first confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the orbiting scroll contacts the wrap of the fixed scroll and a second confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the fixed scroll contacts the wrap of the orbiting scroll, and is in direct intermittent communication with a working chamber formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll and the outer peripheral side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, The suction hole of the fixed scroll has an opening that opens to one surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a first range, the entire opening is connected to the working chamber via a suction passage, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a second range, a part of the opening is connected directly to the working chamber and another part of the opening is connected to the working chamber via the suction passage.

2. The scroll type fluid machine according to claim 1, The scroll-type fluid machine, wherein the opening has a comb shape that branches in the winding direction of the wrap.

3. A fixed scroll having a mirror plate, a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the mirror plate, and an intake hole drilled in the mirror plate; an end plate; and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the end plate so as to face the fixed scroll; a drive shaft for rotating the orbiting scroll relative to the fixed scroll, the suction hole of the fixed scroll is disposed in a range in the winding direction of the wrap of the orbiting scroll that is on the outermost side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, between a first confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the orbiting scroll contacts the wrap of the fixed scroll and a second confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the fixed scroll contacts the wrap of the orbiting scroll, and is in direct intermittent communication with a working chamber formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll and the outer peripheral side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, The suction hole of the fixed scroll has a first opening and a second opening that open to one surface of the end plate of the fixed scroll and are separated from each other, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a first range, the first opening and the second opening communicate with the working chamber via a suction passage, and when the crank angle of the drive shaft is in a second range, the first opening communicates directly with the working chamber and the second opening communicates with the working chamber via the suction passage.

4. A fixed scroll having a mirror plate, a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the mirror plate, and an intake hole drilled in the mirror plate; an end plate; and an orbiting scroll having a spiral wrap erected on one surface of the end plate so as to face the fixed scroll; a drive shaft for rotating the orbiting scroll relative to the fixed scroll, the suction hole of the fixed scroll is disposed in a range in the winding direction of the wrap of the orbiting scroll that is on the outermost side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, between a first confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the orbiting scroll contacts the wrap of the fixed scroll and a second confinement start position where the winding end of the wrap of the fixed scroll contacts the wrap of the orbiting scroll, and is in direct intermittent communication with a working chamber formed between the inner peripheral side of the wrap of the orbiting scroll and the outer peripheral side of the wrap of the fixed scroll, The orbiting scroll further includes a sliding member inserted into a groove formed on a tip side of the wrap, A scroll-type fluid machine, characterized in that the suction hole of the fixed scroll does not overlap with an end of the sliding member, but intermittently overlaps with other portions of the sliding member.

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