Progressive eyeglass lenses with regionally varying refractive indices and methods for designing same

Abstract

To significantly improve the imaging characteristics of progressive power eyeglass lenses. The present invention relates to a progressive spectacle lens comprising a substrate made of a material with a regionally varying refractive index, the front and / or rear surfaces of which have a freeform surface geometry, characterized in that the progressive spectacle lens conforms to the following optical requirements: (1) a prescribed refractive power at a distance reference point within the tolerance limits according to ENISO 8980-2:2004 and a prescribed refractive power at a near reference point within the tolerance limits according to ENISO 8980-2:2004, (2) a monotonic constant increase in refractive power between the distance reference point and the near reference point along the primary line of sight, and (3) a progression channel defined by residual astigmatism.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to (a) a progressive power spectacle lens, or (b) a data lens according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Representation of a progressive power ophthalmic lens in the form of computer readable data disposed on a data medium - Patent Application 20070122999 or (c) a virtual representation of the progressive power ophthalmic lens in the form of computer readable data. and a product including a data carrier having a progressive addition ophthalmic lens according to the preamble of patent claim 4. and a computer-implemented method for calculating the same. [Background technology]

[0002] In spectacle lens optics, progressive addition spectacle lenses have been known and widely used for decades. Like multifocal eyeglass lenses (generally bifocal and trifocal eyeglass lenses), These are used for the purpose of observing nearby objects, for example when reading, by placing a reading lens at the bottom of the eyeglass lens. This additional optical power can be used to improve vision as the wearer ages. This is required for the eye's lens to lose more of its ability to focus on nearby objects. Compared with other multifocal eyeglass lenses, progressive addition eyeglass lenses provide sharp vision at both far and near. Not only that, but also the continuity of optical power from the distance to the near portion is guaranteed at all intermediate distances. It provides the advantage of providing an increase.

[0003] Generally, progressive addition eyeglass lenses are conventionally made from materials with a constant refractive index. That is, the optical power of a spectacle lens is determined by the two air-adjacent surfaces (the front or object-side) of the spectacle lens. The lens is set only by the corresponding shaping of the lens surface (front and rear or eye-side surface). To generate a continuous increase in optical power in a lens, two corresponding continuous changes in surface curvature are required. However, at least two lenses must be Differential geometric properties of a continuously differentiable surface made of a material with a constant refractive index In the case of progressive power spectacle lenses, this inevitably leads to unwanted optical imaging aberrations.

[0004] These properties are based on the Minkwitz theorem (Minkwitz, G., "Ueber den Flaechenastigmatismus bei gewissen s ymmetrischen Asphaeren.”,Optica Acta,10( 3), No. 3 July 1963, pp. 223-227). , at least two consecutive derivatives toward the side of the umbilical line with successively increasing or decreasing curvature It is stated that for any possible surface, the surface astigmatism varies along this line twice as rapidly as the curvature. At each point on the surface, the surface astigmatism is the absolute value of the difference between the principal curvatures of the surface at this point. multiplied by the difference in refractive index before and after the surface at that surface point. For the definition of mean surface refractive power, see Diepes H., Blendowske R., “Optik und Technik der Brille”, 2nd ed. ition, Heidelberg 2005, p. 256.

[0005] This surface astigmatism causes the wearer to experience a lack of sharpness in the optical power of the spectacle lens, which cannot be compensated for by the eye. Therefore, all progressive power spectacle lenses manufactured by the above method have an imaging aberration (residual) on the side of the sharp vision area, called the "intermediate progressive zone" in the transition from distance to near vision. Astigmatism) More precisely, the relationship between the increase in mean surface power along the umbilical line according to the Minkwitz theorem and the resulting lateral surface astigmatism is primarily due to the vertical power increase in progressive addition spectacle lenses and the resulting astigmatism (residual) for spectacle wearers in the intermediate zone. Astigmatism ) corresponds to the relationship between the lateral increase and the lateral increase. Here, according to DIN EN ISO 13666:2012, section 14.1.25, the intermediate progressive zone is the zone of a progressive-power spectacle lens that provides clear vision in the intermediate range between distance and near vision. The vertical power increase is understood as the increase in the mean refractive power of the spectacle lens for the spectacle wearer in the intermediate progressive zone in the vertical direction. In the near vision zone, the mean refractive power of the distance zone is obtained plus the prescribed addition power. At each visual point of the progressive-power spectacle lens, a focusing effect consisting of the two principal meridian powers appears for the spectacle wearer in the corresponding direction of gaze along the chief ray. The arithmetic mean of these principal meridian powers is the mean refractive power.

[0006] Through the surface during the wearer's gaze movement on an object point in front of them in a straight line direction from distance to near vision. The principal line of sight, which represents the totality of all viewpoints, extends through the center of the intermediate zone. Figure 1 shows this relationship. The symbol ΔAdd in the drawing is the gradient of the mean refractive power in the direction of the umbilicus. The symbol ΔCyl in the above equation is the gradient of the astigmatism. The symbol N indicates the curve of the umbilical line. Astigmatism is defined in this specification. means the astigmatic deviation from the astigmatic power prescribed to the spectacle wearer, taking into account the axis. It is understood as.

[0007] The calculation of the mean refractive power and astigmatism deviation at the point of view on the spectacle lens is carried out in the spectacle wearer's beam path. This beam path is the main path that connects the object point on which the spectacle wearer is gazing to the center of rotation of the eye. Describes the path of light along a ray.

[0008] Therefore, the refractive index of progressive power eyeglass lenses increases, and intermediate progressive power eyeglass lenses that allow sharp vision are also available. A simple relationship is provided between the width of the bands: a wider intermediate progressive band provides better vision at intermediate distances. Breaking this rule is highly desirable, as it would mean a significant improvement in the usefulness of lenses in Regarding Minkwitz's theorem, see Diepes H., Blendowske R. .,“Optik und Technik der Brille”,2nd edi See also Heidelberg 2005, p. 257f.

[0009] In the pamphlet of International Publication No. 89 / 04986 A1, The use of materials with variable refractive index is considered. Three options are specified, in particular: - By changing the refractive index, it is possible to create a line or a plane that follows the curved line of sight and is suitable for the line of sight. Along the joined line, a power increase is created or amplified.

[0010] Here, the main line of sight is the line of sight that connects the main viewpoints of far vision and near vision and is the visible light beam at an intermediate distance. The main line of sight is the line on the front surface of the eyeglass lens where the intersection of the two lines is in the "straight line" direction. It is a line that runs roughly vertically in the application section and curves in the middle. - Astigmatism along the main line of sight is completely or partially corrected as a result of variable refraction. - Correction of imaging aberrations towards the side of the principal meridian by using gradient media It will be held.

[0011] Three effects: "Increase in refractive index along the main line of sight," "Removal of astigmatism along the main line of sight," and "Side-to-side" If the "correction" is considered to be mainly or partially related to the refractive index variation, A total of 3 3 = 27 possible combinations, all of which can be mathematically characterized. R

[0012] WO 89 / 04986 A1, as specified in the second paragraph from the bottom of page 2 The purpose of the brochure is to explain that "the use of variable refractive index during the manufacturing of the lens surface allows for the The imaging characteristics of the holograms are such that they offer significant advantages, such as simplified manufacturing. It consists of "what is possible."

[0013] Page 5 of the pamphlet for International Publication No. 89 / 04986 A1 also mentions the Minkwitz theorem. It outlines: "If astigmatism further decreases along the principal meridian as a result of refractive fluctuations, this is Also, there is a limitation in forming spectacle lenses with surface astigmatism that must be small along the main line of sight. Therefore, the spectacle lens according to the present invention is not subject to the Minkwitz theorem. This means that the lenses can be made much more cost-effectively under other circumstances."

[0014] Overall, WO 89 / 04986 A1 provides comparable imaging The emphasis is on easier and more cost-effective production of spectacle lenses with the desired properties. The reference to improved imaging characteristics at the top of the page is only in approximate terms. "During the optimization, the correction of imaging aberrations was not taken into account, and nevertheless, It is clear that a lens with very good imaging properties in the lateral region has emerged. Further improvements in imaging characteristics in areas lateral to the principal meridians should be seen in , which is obtained by further optimization of the refractive index function. No refinement to the binary band side is discernible in the examples.

[0015] The WO 99 / 13361 A1 brochure describes all the functions of progressive power lenses. It has characteristics, especially distance, near and progressive zones, but the edge area should have astigmatism. This document describes a so-called "MIV" lens object which is intended to be non-reflective. It is noted that such a lens object may include a spherical front surface and a spherical rear surface. The body should include a progressive zone with a refractive index that increases continuously from the distance to the near portion. However, in general, such embodiments require a minimum of 100 microns to achieve all the desired add power. Therefore, this document states that "if necessary, the range of addition powers If this is not possible with variable refractive index alone, it can be achieved by using a raw block of variable refractive index material as described above. The lenses are manufactured and formed into variable geometry curves as conventional progressive lenses, and these It also provides a bridge by achieving results with much higher performance compared to conventional progressive lenses. This is because lenses with different refractive indices in different areas can be used for distance and Uses a curve with much less differentiation between near and near vision, reducing the aberration area and the useful vision area "This is because it makes it possible to reach the desired added refractive index by increasing the refractive index." It is clear.

[0016] In each case, US Patent Application Publication No. 2010 / 238400 A1 A progressive addition spectacle lens is described, which comprises several layers, at least one of which is interlocked with one another. It may have a varying refractive index described with respect to two meridians extending perpendicularly. At least one of the surfaces of one of the layers may have a progressive surface morphology. Use of the refractive index profile in the direction to fully compensate for it due to the geometry of the surface It states that this is possible.

[0017] Yuki Shitanoki et al.: “Application of G raded-Index for Astigmatism Reduction in Progressive Addition Lens”,Applied Phys ics Express,Vol.2,March 1,2009,page 0324 01 is a comparison of two progressive power eyeglass lenses molded using the same molding die. Astigmatism in progressive addition eyeglass lenses with a refractive index gradient is reduced compared to progressive addition eyeglass lenses without a refractive index gradient. It is stated that this can be reduced compared to mirror lenses.

[0018] EP 2 177 943 A1 affects the visual impression of the subject By optimizing an optical system, e.g., an ophthalmic lens, according to at least one criterion from the criteria list. This document describes how to calculate cost functions taking into account target and baseline values. It is proposed to minimize the number of such cost functions. A general formula for such a cost function is specified. In particular, the following two examples are specified: Paragraph

[0016] : "In one embodiment, the optical working system to be optimized comprises at least two The parameters to be changed include the equations of at least two optical surfaces of the optical working system. is the coefficient of Paragraph

[0018] : "In one embodiment, the optical system to be optimized includes at least two optical surfaces. In this embodiment, the modification of the optical working system is performed so that at least the refractive index of the optical working system is modified. Lenses made from inhomogeneous materials with a gradient in refractive index (known as GRIN lenses) For example, the refractive index profile to be optimized can be an axial profile. or radial distribution and / or wavelength dependent." Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0019] The object of the present invention is to significantly improve the imaging characteristics of progressive power spectacle lenses compared to the prior art. In doing so, we must take into account the limitations that result from the Minkwitz theorem. should be reduced and, where possible, eliminated. [Means for solving the problem]

[0020] This object is achieved by a product having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 4. Advantageous embodiments and developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0021] In particular, materials with variable refractive index (GRIN) are used to achieve this purpose. In contrast to brochure No. 89 / 04986 A1, in this case the surface geometry is simplified. Ease is not exactly pursued.

[0022] In contrast, the inventors have found that a substantial improvement in imaging quality from the prior art is achieved by refractive index fractionation. We determined that this can only be achieved by simultaneous optimization of the morphology of the fabric and the freeform surface. This is true in the area to the side of the intermediate corridor.

[0023] The invention is therefore characterized in one of the following alternative forms: (1) The refractive index varies only in the first and second spatial dimensions, and in the third spatial dimension. is constant, and the refractive index distribution in the first and second spatial dimensions is point-symmetric or axially symmetric. It has no title. (2) The refractive index varies in the first, second, and third spatial dimensions. In the first and second spatial dimensions in all planes perpendicular to the third spatial dimension The refractive index distribution has neither point symmetry nor axial symmetry. (3) The refractive index varies in the first, second, and third spatial dimensions. The refractive index distribution has neither point symmetry nor axial symmetry.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment variant of the invention, the third spatial dimension in case (1) or (2) is: - Varies by 5° or less from the primary fixation direction during intended use, or - Varies by 10° or less from the primary fixation direction during intended use, or - Varies by 20° or less from the primary fixation direction during intended use, or - Varies by no more than 5° from the primary line of sight during intended use, or - Varies by no more than 10° from the main line of sight during intended use, or - Varies by no more than 20° from the principal line of sight during intended use, or - An angle of more than 5° from the direction of the normal vector of the front surface at the geometric center of the progressive addition eyeglass lens Only the bottom differs, or - 10° from the direction of the normal vector of the front surface at the geometric center of the progressive addition spectacle lens differ only in the following, or - 20° from the direction of the normal vector of the front surface at the geometric center of the progressive addition spectacle lens differ only in the following, or - differs from the direction of the normal vector at the prism measurement point by no more than 5°, or - differs from the direction of the normal vector at the prism measurement point by no more than 10°, or - differs from the direction of the normal vector at the prism measurement point by no more than 20°, or - differs from the direction of the normal vector at the centering point by no more than 5°, or - differs from the direction of the normal vector at the centering point by no more than 10°, or - Extends in a direction that differs by no more than 20° from the direction of the normal vector at the centering point.

[0025] According to DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-10-14.2.12, The measurement points (in the case of progressive addition eyeglass lenses or progressive addition eyeglass lens blanks) are the measurement points The prismatic effect of the raised lens must be specified, as specified by the manufacturer. The centering point is defined in DIN EN ISO 13666:201 3-10, Section 5.20.

[0026] According to the invention, the freeform surface is preferably a surface according to DIN SP 12 / 2015. Freeform surfaces in the narrow sense, especially differential, corresponding to section 2.1.2 of EC 58194 It uses freeform techniques that are mathematically described within the bounds of geometry and have neither point nor axis symmetry. The spectacle lens surface is manufactured using the above method.

[0027] Residuals to the sides of the corridor that increase the width of the corridor Astigmatism This reduction in the residual irritation perceived by spectacle wearers should be considered a significant improvement. Astigmatism This boundary is usually in the range of 0.25 diopters to 0.50 diopters. Furthermore, the maximum residual Astigmatism It is also possible to reduce

[0028] These substantial improvements are precisely due to the fact that the design adapts to the focusing movements of the spectacle wearer's eyes during near vision. Even for progressive power lenses with asymmetric (optical) designs that result from combining The distribution of residual astigmatism and spherical aberration for the spectacle wearer is obtained by The mirror lens does not have axial symmetry across the entire lens.

[0029] According to the optimization according to the invention, at least one freeform surface and a non-constant, generally asymmetric A progressive addition ophthalmic lens results, which has a gradient refractive index in the lens.

[0030] According to the invention, this progressive power spectacle lens, in a first alternative, has a boundary surface geometry If the GRIN material is replaced with a material that has a constant refractive index while maintaining the They are characterized by not meeting the optical requirements of spectacle wearers.

[0031] In other words, the subject of the present invention is (a) progressive addition spectacle lenses and instructions for using progressive addition spectacle lenses; or (b) a representation of a progressive power spectacle lens and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens, in the form of computer-readable data, disposed on a data carrier; or (c) a data carrier having a virtual representation of a progressive power spectacle lens in the form of computer-readable data and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens; or (d) a representation of the progressive power spectacle lens and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens in the form of a computer-readable data signal; A product comprising: a progressive addition spectacle lens comprising a substrate having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, said substrate being made of a material having a spatially varying refractive index; - the front and / or rear surface has a freeform surface geometry; - the progressive power eyeglass lens has a distance portion design reference point and a near portion design reference point, - Progressive power eyeglass lenses must meet the following optical requirements: (1) The prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004, and the prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004, (2) The refractive power increases continuously and monotonically between the distance design reference point and the near design reference point. (3) An intermediate progressive zone, (a) 0.25 diopters, (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters Residuals that are less than the value from the group Astigmatism There is an intermediate progressive zone defined by Contains products that meet the above criteria.

[0032] According to the present invention, a freeform surface and a refractive index of the front and / or rear surface of a progressive addition spectacle lens are provided. The spatial variation of the refractive index is the same in this alternative, but with the same geometry. A contrast progressive power spectacle lens having a low refractive index satisfies at least the optical requirements (1) to (3). They are adapted to each other so as not to satisfy one another.

[0033] Within the scope of the present invention, the term "representation of a progressive addition ophthalmic lens arranged on a data carrier" is used. The expression "progressive addition ophthalmic lens" refers, for example, to a representation of a progressive addition ophthalmic lens stored in the memory of a computer. It is understood to mean.

[0034] The instructions for using progressive power eyeglass lenses should, in particular, be followed by instructions for wearing the eyeglasses while they are in use. progressive addition eyeglass lenses or eyes into which progressive addition eyeglass lenses are inserted, relating to both eyes and face of the person The position and orientation of the mirror are shown. For example, the conditions of use are the "wearing" angle of view (DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, Section 5.18), warp angle (DIN ISO 136 66:2013-10, Section 17.3) and vertex distance (DIN ISO 136 66:2013-10, Section 5.27). Typical values ​​for the angle of view are -20 degrees to +30 degrees, and typical values ​​for the vertical distance are 5 meters. The range is from 100mm to 20mm, and the typical values ​​of the bend angle are in the range of -5 degrees to +30 degrees. In addition to the angle of curvature, the angle of curvature and the apex distance when worn, the conditions of use are generally specified in accordance with DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, Section 5.29, i.e., interpupillary distance The distance between the centers of the pupils when the eyes are fixating on an object at infinity in a straight line ahead, Centering data, i.e. the dimensions and distances required to center the spectacle lens in front of the eye and an object distance model that defines the object distance for which a particular point on the spectacle lens surface is optimized. include.

[0035] According to DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 5.18, The angle of view is the normal to the front surface of the eyeglass lens at the center of the boxing, and is usually interpreted as horizontal. The angle in the vertical plane between the line of sight of the eye in the first ocular position being interpreted.

[0036] According to DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 17.3, the deflection angle is the angle between the plane of the front of the eyeglasses and the plane of the right or left lens.

[0037] According to DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 5.27, vertex to vertex The distance is the distance between the rear surface of the spectacle lens and the angle measured when the line of sight is perpendicular to the plane of the front of the spectacle. is the distance between the membrane vertex.

[0038] According to DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 17.1, Planar means that when mounted on a frame, the plano lens, demolens, etc. are in the center of the boxing. The plane is tangent to the front surface of the lens or dummy lens.

[0039] According to DIN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 17.2, The front plane is the plane that contains the two vertical center lines of the left and right boxing balls.

[0040] The expression "progressive addition spectacle lenses" refers in particular to the geometry and media of the progressive addition spectacle lenses. By way of example, such representations may include descriptions such as front, back, each other, and progressive. the arrangement of these surfaces relative to the edges of the progressive addition spectacle lenses (including their thickness) and the The representation may include a mathematical description of the refractive index profile of the medium to be measured. can exist in encrypted form, where the medium is a progressive addition spectacle lens. A progressive addition spectacle lens is a lens that is made of a material or materials used in the manufacture of a progressive addition spectacle lens. It may consist of several layers, for example, a plastic coated layer with a thickness of 10 μm to 500 μm. The glass may be made of extremely thin glass.

[0041] According to DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-10, section 9.3, bending Diopter power is a general term that includes the focal and prismatic power of spectacle lenses. Therefore, the spherical power, cylindrical power, and refractive index required to correct the refractive error of a spectacle wearer are usually It contains data on the refractive power, the axis of the cylinder power and the add power. Measurement points for refractive power spectacle lenses according to DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-10, especially At the design reference point, the measurements are taken within the tolerances according to standard DIN 8980-2:2004. The difference set must be observed, which corresponds to the prescription power of the spectacle wearer at the reference point. This continuous gradient curve and progression length should also be consistent with the wearer's choice of glasses. It is set by the selection of type (glass design).

[0042] According to DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-10, clause 14.2.1, the joining The refractive power is the difference between the vertex power of the near portion and the vertex power of the distance portion measured under specified conditions. DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-10 11.1 is the spherical refractive power of a spectacle lens that brings the paraxial light beam of parallel light to one focus. Section 12.1 of this standard defines the lens as a lens that is parallel to the paraxial beam of light. Two distinct line foci at the angle, and therefore have vertex power only in the two principal meridians According to 11.2, spherical power or The spherical power is determined by the principal meridian selected as the basis for the vertex power of the back surface of the spherical lens. This is the value of the vertex power of the spectacle lens in one of the two principal meridians. The 12.5 in the scale is expressed as plus or minus astigmatism, depending on the principal meridian selected for the reference. Define cylindrical power or cylinder.

[0043] In a second alternative, the progressive power spectacle lens according to the invention can be characterized as follows: It can also be done as follows.

[0044] In a progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention having only one free-form surface, the progressive addition The refractive index of progressive spectacle lenses is such that the spectacle wearer receives half the power increase of progressive spectacle lenses. It can be specified at the point of primary line of sight on the front or, optionally, on the rear surface.

[0045] The main gaze is during the eye gaze movement on an object point in front of the spectacle wearer in a straight line direction from distance to near vision. This is understood to mean the totality of all the lines of sight that pass through the spectacle lens surface. Extends through the center of the intermediate progressive zone.

[0046] Therefore, the distribution of surface astigmatism with this constant refractive index on a freeform surface is The refractive index of the main line of sight on the free-form surface can be calculated using the radius of curvature of the free-form surface. can.

[0047] The surface astigmatism distribution of the freeform surface is optimized for the same refractive power and the same conditions of use. and a free-form table of the same relative position with the same refractive power distribution for the spectacle lens wearer. A substrate made of a material having a constant refractive index according to the prior art, having a surface and an identical opposing surface. This can be confirmed in the same way as for progressive power eyeglass lenses based on the present invention (progressive power eyeglass lenses based on the present invention). (The refractive index is calculated using the refractive index also used for eyeglass lenses.)

[0048] As a result of the improved imaging characteristics in the intermediate progressive zone, the progressive power eye according to the present invention The mirror lens increases the surface astigmatism value in the area around the main line of sight in the intermediate area.

[0049] These are particularly the results of the conventional progressive power spectacle lenses being unable to provide a clear image along the main line of sight in the intermediate portion. For eyeglass wearers with similar astigmatism deviation, the increase should be at least 0.25dpt. The corresponding surface astigmatism value of a conventional progressive power spectacle lens by 3dpt / input power It's on top.

[0050] Here, the comparison region extends horizontally on either side of the primary gaze up to 3 mm, 5 mm, or 10 mm. and vertically, at least in the main line of sight, the addition power is 0.25 for the spectacle wearer. * Canada Input power ~0.75 * It has an area where the power addition increases.

[0051] In other words, the subject of the present invention is a) Progressive addition spectacle lenses and instructions for using progressive addition spectacle lenses, or b) a representation of a progressive power spectacle lens and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens, in the form of computer-readable data, arranged on a data carrier, or c) a data carrier having a virtual representation of a progressive power spectacle lens in the form of computer-readable data and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens, or d) a representation of the progressive power spectacle lens and instructions for using the progressive power spectacle lens in the form of a computer-readable data signal. A product comprising: a progressive addition spectacle lens comprising a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, said substrate being made of a material having a spatially varying refractive index, the front surface having a front surface geometry, and the rear surface having a rear surface geometry; - the front and / or back geometry is a freeform surface geometry; - the progressive power eyeglass lens has a distance portion design reference point and a near portion design reference point, - Progressive power eyeglass lenses must meet the following optical requirements: (1) The prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004, and the prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004, (2) The refractive power increases continuously and monotonically between the distance design reference point and the near design reference point. (3) An intermediate progressive zone, (a) 0.25 diopters, (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters Residuals that are less than the value from the group Astigmatism There is an intermediate progressive zone defined by Contains products that meet the above criteria.

[0052] If the anterior surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens has a freeform surface geometry, the freeform surface geometry of the anterior surface is Modified in relation to the control progressive addition eyeglass lens, Control progressive addition eyeglass lenses teeth , the same posterior surface geometry, the same refractive power profile, and the spectacle wearer's beam path through the main line of sight based on instructions for using progressive power spectacle lenses. About Same residual Astigmatism and have , The control progressive power spectacle lens further comprises: Progressive addition ophthalmic lens having a substrate made of a material with a spatially varying refractive index In Half of the total refractive power increase becomes , at the main gaze point on the front And, A substrate made of a material having a spatially invariant refractive index whose value corresponds to the value of the spatially varying refractive index of the substrate material of the progressive addition ophthalmic lens. Board have do. The front surface of progressive addition eyeglass lenses , as mentioned above Modified freeform surface geometry 、 and , above Spatial Refractive Index changes Regarding this progressive power eyeglass lens, This relates to glasses of The wearer beam path is A location on the main line of sight, This progressive power eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where a first value of the surface astigmatism of the anterior surface ascertained by calculation at a point extending through For contrasting progressive power ophthalmic lenses made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, glasses of The wearer beam path is A location on the main line of sight, This contrast progressive addition eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where At a point extending through , total having a freeform surface geometry, as determined by Control progressive addition eyeglass lensesThe second value of the front surface astigmatism is greater than , the condition Fits Each is adjusted to the other so that .

[0053] If the rear surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens has a freeform surface geometry, the freeform surface geometry of the rear surface is Modified in relation to the control progressive addition eyeglass lens, Control progressive addition eyeglass lenses teeth , a spectacle wearer's beam path through the main line of sight based on the same front surface geometry, the same refractive power profile and instructions for using progressive power spectacle lenses About Same residual Astigmatism and have , The control progressive power spectacle lens further comprises: Progressive addition ophthalmic lens having a substrate made of a material with a spatially varying refractive index In Half of the total refractive power increase becomes a substrate made of a material having a spatially invariant refractive index, the refractive index of which corresponds to the value of the spatially varying refractive index of the material of the substrate of the progressive addition spectacle lens at the point of the main line of sight on the rear surface; Board have do. Furthermore, the rear surface of the progressive power eyeglass lens , as mentioned above Modified freeform surface geometry 、 and , above Spatial Refractive Index changes Regarding this progressive power eyeglass lens, This relates to glasses of The wearer beam path is A location on the main line of sight, This progressive power eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where a first value of the surface astigmatism of the rear surface ascertained by calculation at a point extending through For contrasting progressive power ophthalmic lenses made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, glasses of The wearer beam path is A location on the main line of sight, This contrast progressive addition eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where At a point extending through , total having a freeform surface geometry, as determined by Control progressive addition eyeglass lenses The second value of the surface astigmatism of the rear surface is greater than , the condition Fits Each is adjusted to the other so that .

[0054] Thus, the points on the main line of sight specified above correspond to locations with added power.

[0055] The first surface astigmatism identified by calculation is that of materials with spatially varying refractive index. a front surface of a progressive power spectacle lens having a substrate made of based on a constant refractive index having a value corresponding to the value of the refractive index of the substrate at the point of primary line of sight on It is calculated.

[0056] The surface having a freeform surface geometry of the control progressive addition spectacle lens is a progressive addition spectacle lens according to the present invention. In other words, the freeform surface according to the present invention has the same relative position as the optical power spectacle lens. If it is the front surface of a progressive addition spectacle lens, this also applies to the control progressive addition spectacle lens. If the freeform surface is the rear surface of a progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention, it is The same applies to progressive addition eyeglass lenses.

[0057] Furthermore, the progressive power spectacle lenses and the control progressive power spectacle lenses according to the invention are freeform. There should also be an opposing surface with a corresponding geometry.

[0058] The refractive power curve along the main line of sight is also The power of the eyeglass lenses should be the same.

[0059] The refractive index of the control progressive addition spectacle lens is the free-form refractive index of the progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention. It should correspond exactly to the value used to calculate the surface astigmatism of the surface. The index is a progressive index according to the present invention having a substrate made of a material with a spatially varying refractive index. The front surface (if the front surface is a freeform surface) of the refractive power spectacle lens is half of the total refractive power increase. the refractive index of the substrate at the point of the primary line of sight on the back surface (if the back surface is a freeform surface) It should have a value corresponding to the value.

[0060] The above-specified objectives are fully achieved by these two alternatives.

[0061] The optimization of the lens according to the invention can be achieved, for example, by adjusting the specific prescription of the lens, the specific conditions of use (e.g., constant, optimized for a specific thickness (such as the angle, camber, apex distance, centering, etc.) It is possible to proceed from the existing design of a progressive power eyeglass lens according to the prior art having a refractive index. do.

[0062] The term design in this specification refers to the residual spherical aberration and This progressive power lens has a small residual astigmatism, especially in the intermediate area. Astigmatism can be obtained by defining the main line of sight according to the definition given in the introduction to the description. The intermediate zone can be defined as the distance zone (area for distance vision: DIN EN I Refer to section 14.1.1 of SO 13666:2013-10. (near vision area: DIN EN ISO 13666:2013-1) 0 (see section 14.1.3). N ISO 13666:2013-10 specifies in section 14.1.2 that the distance The intermediate portion of the trifocal lens has a visual power in the intermediate range between the near and near portions. Define the space between the two. This definition is expanded in this case.

[0063] However, according to Minkwitz's law, residual astigmatism is horizontally aligned with the main line of sight. increases in the vertical direction (due to an increase in refractive power in the vertical direction).

[0064] The object of the present invention is to provide these residuals in line with the main line of sight (i.e. in the central area of ​​the middle part). The objective is to reduce spherical aberration and residual astigmatism, especially residual astigmatism.

[0065] Proceeding from this design, a new target setting was created that includes the spherical aberration and astigmatism of the previous distribution. However, these are reduced, especially in the central middle part. The astigmatism is preferably between 0.5 and 0.8 for example to obtain an improved target design. By multiplying by a coefficient, the area around the main line of sight (for example, 5.10 mm to 2 0 mm distance).

[0066] The target design may be, for example, a residual at many points distributed over the entire lens surface. It can also be fixed by specifying the optical aberrations, in particular the spherical aberration and the astigmatism. , the refractive power and / or residual spherical aberration of the spectacle wearer when he or she is looking through the lenses; There may be specifications for the object distance at which the difference and residual astigmatism are specified. surface curvature at further points, thickness requirements at further points (especially geometric center and progressive refraction) There may be provisions for power (at the edge of the spectacle lens) and prism requirements.

[0067] Individual weights w ij These optical and geometrical prescriptions at each of the points Pi v ij Therefore, the point P i The residual aberration of the prescribed ij in the table Surface curvature, prism power and thickness r ij is the starting lens (e.g., the maximum for a given refractive index) Identifying the total aberration G when determined for an optimized progressive addition spectacle lens is possible.

number

[0068] The value of this function G, which depends on the optical and geometrical lens properties, is determined by the surface geometry and can be minimized by known mathematical methods by simultaneously varying the refractive index distribution and the Progressive power spectacle lenses with improved properties with respect to the requirements specified above can thus be This is obtained.

[0069] Alternatively, to optimize a progressive addition spectacle lens having a material with a variable refractive index, , the original target design, i.e., the target used for the optimization of a lens with a constant refractive index. It is also possible to use a target design, in which case the weights used for optimization in the original design are used. In particular, the characteristics of progressive power spectacle lenses in the progressive region can be used or modified. Increasing the weight of residual astigmatism and spherical aberration in the intermediate corridor to obtain improved performance or reduce the target prescription of residual astigmatism and spherical aberration. However, the increased weight in the intermediate corridor is referred to herein as having a material with a constant refractive index. The astigmatism and spherical aberration of the optimized lens are determined by the (new) target design. This is only useful if the device does not support it.

[0070] If the original design has already been accepted by the spectacle wearer, the residual optical aberrations will be This procedure is in any case more comfortable for the spectacle wearer, since the Overall, what is achieved is the same as that obtainable with materials having a constant refractive index. Rather, this target design can be used to measure the refractive index of freeform surfaces and materials with non-constant refractive indices. New and improved target designs can be obtained by simultaneous optimization of the refractive index distribution, especially Wider intermediate progressive section, lower maximum residual astigmatism in the intermediate region, therefore It is possible to achieve improved progressive power spectacle lens designs with lower distortion in the It is Noh.

[0071] A computer-implemented method for designing a progressive addition spectacle lens according to the present invention, wherein the progressive addition spectacle lens comprises a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, the substrate being made of a material having a spatially varying refractive index. Consists of , the front and / or rear surface of the progressive power spectacle lens has a free-form surface geometry with a distance design reference point and a near design reference point, and the progressive power spectacle lens satisfies the following optical requirements: (1) the prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point within the tolerance limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004 and the prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point within the tolerance limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004; (2) A monotonically increasing gradient of the prescription refractive power between the distance design reference point and the near design reference point on the main line of sight. (3) An intermediate progressive zone, (a) 0.25 diopters, (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters Residuals that are less than the value from the group Astigmatism The intermediate progressive zone defined by A computer-implemented method for satisfying the following: (i) the free-form surface geometry of the front and / or rear surfaces of the progressive addition spectacle lens and the spatial variation of the refractive index are adapted to one another in such a way that a control progressive addition spectacle lens having the same geometry but based on a substrate made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index would not satisfy at least one of the optical requirements (1) to (3), or (ii) the freeform surface geometry of the front and / or rear surfaces of the progressive addition spectacle lens; 、 and , above Spatial Refractive Index changes Regarding this progressive power eyeglass lens, This relates to glasses of The wearer beam path is It is the location of the main gaze, This progressive power eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where a first value of surface astigmatism of a surface having a freeform surface geometry, ascertained by calculation, at a point extending through For contrasting progressive power ophthalmic lenses made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, glasses of The wearer beam path is A location on the main line of sight, This contrast progressive addition eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where At a point extending through , total having a freeform surface geometry, as determined by Control progressive addition eyeglass lenses The second value of the surface astigmatism of the surface is greater than , the condition Fits Each is adjusted to the other so that , the control progressive addition spectacle lens has the same relative positions of the surfaces with freeform surface geometry and the same geometry of the opposing surfaces, the same refractive power profile along the main line of sight, Furthermore, the contrast of progressive power eyeglass lenses The refractive index is a progressive addition spectacle lens having a substrate made of a material with a spatially varying refractive index. In Half of the total refractive power increase becomes , having a value corresponding to the value of the refractive index of the substrate at the point of the main line of sight on the front surface A computer-implemented method comprising:

[0072] The above-specified objectives are fully achieved by these two alternatives.

[0073] The present invention provides a progressive power spectacle lens according to any one of the above-mentioned products, by an additive method. or a method for manufacturing a progressive power ophthalmic lens designed using a method of the type described above. Also related.

[0074] The additive method is a method in which progressive power spectacle lenses are constructed sequentially. So-called digital fabricators are especially focused on achieving the same results that are not possible using traditional polishing methods. Providing manufacturing options for almost any structure that is either unavailable or only feasible with difficulty Within the class of digital fabricators, 3D printers are additive represents the most important subclass of cumulative construction fabricators. The most important techniques are selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting for metals, and polymers. selective laser sintering for ceramics and metals; stereolithography for liquid artificial resins for lithography (SLA) and digital light processing and for plastics and partially artificial resins Multi-Jet or Poly-Jet molding for (e.g., inkjet printers) and Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is also used. tp: / / peaknano.com / wp-content / uploads / PEA As stated in K-1510-GRINOptics-Overview.pdf Construction using nanopolymers is also known.

[0075] The choice of source materials for 3D printing and the 3D manufacturing method itself is e.g. This can be gleaned from State Patent Application Publication No. 16195139.7.

[0076] A further development of the invention is a method for producing a progressive power spectacle lens, comprising the steps of: METHOD FOR DESIGNING A PROGRESSIVE ADDITION OPTICAL LENS AND MANUFACTURING THE PROGRESSIVE ADDITION OPTICAL LENS ACCORDING TO THE DESIGN The method includes:

[0077] Manufacturing a progressive power spectacle lens according to a design is, according to the invention, carried out by an additive method. This can be implemented.

[0078] Another development of the invention is a method for designing a progressive power spectacle lens of the type described above. The present invention also includes a computer including a processor configured to execute the method.

[0079] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0080] [Figure 1] To illustrate the Minkwitz theorem, a diagram with the iso-residual astigmatism distribution of a progressive addition spectacle lens (prior art) having a substrate made of a material with a constant refractive index is shown. [Figure 2] The optical characteristics of a progressive addition spectacle lens (prior art) having a substrate made of a material with a constant refractive index n=1.60 are shown: a) mean refractive power, b) residual astigmatism, c) mean surface refractive power, d) surface astigmatism. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows the optical characteristics of a progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention, having a substrate made of a material with a varying refractive index: a) mean refractive power, b) residual astigmatism, c) mean surface refractive power associated with a refractive index n=1.60, d) surface astigmatism associated with a refractive index n=1.60, e) refractive index profile, f) fringe-Zernike coefficients of the refractive index profile. [Figure 4] 4 shows the optical characteristics of a control progressive addition spectacle lens having the same geometry as the progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention according to FIG. 3, calculated on the basis of a substrate made of a material with a constant refractive index n=1.60: a) mean refractive power, b) residual astigmatism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0081] In the exemplary embodiment described below, the following requirements are assumed: Spherical refractive power: Sph=0.00dpt, Cylinder power: Cyl=0.00dpt, Add power: Add=2.50dpt, Progressive length: L=14mm, Angle of view: 9 degrees, Camber angle: 5 degrees Distance from eye rotation center: 25.5mm, Close object distance: 380mm, A spherical front surface with a radius R=109.49 mm, Posterior freeform surface, Average thickness 2.55mm.

[0082] FIG. 2 shows a prior art reflective optical element having a substrate made of a material with a constant refractive index n=1.60. The optical characteristics of a progressive addition spectacle lens are shown in Figure 2a. The mean refractive power can be gathered from When gazing straight ahead horizontally (i.e., the lens is 4 mm above the geometric center), In the case of a point of view through the lens, the spectacle wearer obtains a mean refractive power of 0 dpt and is 11 mm below the geometric center. When gazing horizontally at -2.5 mm in the nasal direction through the point, the spectacle wearer has an average The refractive power is 2.50dpt. Therefore, the lens refractive power is The increase is approximately 2.50 dpt.

[0083] The remainder of the progressive power spectacle lens according to the prior art shown in FIG. 2b) Astigmatism The profile is the residual in the direction perpendicular to the main line of sight predicted by the Minkwitz theorem. Astigmatism In the example shown, the residual Astigmatism The following values ​​appear for the width of the <1 dpt region (intermediate progressive zone): For 0.25*addition power: 6.1mm, For 0.50*addition power: 4.6mm, For 0.75*add power: 5.0mm.

[0084] In the drawing, this corresponds to y values ​​of -0.5 mm, -4 mm, and -7.5 mm. , as indicated in the drawings.

[0085] FIG. 2c) shows the distribution of the mean surface power of the posterior surface implemented as a freeform surface. The surface curvature decreases continuously from top to bottom, and the average surface power value is - at y = approximately 2 mm. It increases from 5.50dpt to -3.50 at y=-15mm.

[0086] The distribution of the surface astigmatism of the rear surface of a progressive power spectacle lens according to the prior art, which can be gathered from FIG. 2d), is in this case the residual Astigmatism corresponds closely to: disappearance of astigmatism in the distance zone and in the intermediate zone, with rapidly increasing astigmatism towards the side of the intermediate zone.

[0087] Here, the progressive power eyeglass lens according to the present invention is distinguished by the optical characteristics described below, As shown in Figures 3a) to 3f).

[0088] Distribution of mean refractive power corresponding to the distribution of mean refractive power of a progressive addition eyeglass lens according to the prior art is shown in Fig. 2a) and can be gleaned from Fig. 3a). In particular, Fig. 2a) and Fig. 3a ) to gather that the power increase along the main line of sight in the intermediate progressive zone is the same. is possible.

[0089] The residuals shown in Figure 3b) Astigmatism The profile is the residual in the direction perpendicular to the main line of sight. Astigmatism , which is much lower in the GRIN progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention than in the prior art. Astigmatism The following values ​​appear for the width of the <1 dpt region (intermediate progressive zone): For 0.25*addition power: 7.3mm, For 0.50*addition power: 6.0mm, For 0.75*add power: 6.5mm.

[0090] In the drawing, this corresponds to y values ​​of -0.5mm, -4mm and -7.5mm.

[0091] Therefore, the widening of the progressive zone associated with a lens with a constant refractive index is and at least 1.2 mm, corresponding to a widening of at least 20%.

[0092] Figure 3c) shows the average surface power of the back freeform surface associated with a refractive index of n=1.60. Figure 3d) shows the surface astigmatism of the back freeform surface associated with a refractive index of n=1.60. .Comparable with Fig. 2c) for mean curvature and Fig. 2d) for surface astigmatism. Therefore, the material used in the calculations was not a GRIN material, but a quartz crystal with a refractive index of n=1.600. It was a material that could be used.

[0093] Comparison of Figures 2c) and 2d) with Figures 3c) and 3d) shows that the morphology of the freeform surface has changed significantly. The distribution of the average surface refractive power and the distribution of surface astigmatism (n = 1,600) were changed to (calculated using the MRI method) show that both no longer reveal the typical intermediate progression zone. In the case of the GRIN progressive power eyeglass lens according to the invention, this is the progressive power derived solely from the surface shape. It is not possible to judge that the lens is astigmatism: the astigmatism is not It doesn't disappear either.

[0094] The refractive index distribution of the progressive power eyeglass lens according to the present invention is shown in Figure 3e. The minimum refractive index of 1.55 occurs in the upper lateral region, and the maximum refractive index of 1.6 4 occurs in the lower region. The refractive index profile is invariant in the direction perpendicular to the plane shown. Therefore, it changes only in two spatial dimensions.

[0095] formula

number

[0096] For comparison purposes, Figures 4a) and 4b) show a sample made of a material with a constant refractive index n=1.60. The same geometry as the progressive addition spectacle lens according to the invention according to FIG. 3 was calculated based on the substrate 1 shows the optical characteristics of a control progressive addition spectacle lens with orthometry.

[0097] The mean refractive power and residuals shown in Figures 4a) and 4b) Astigmatism As can be gathered from FIG. 4b), the distribution of residuals of at least 0.75 dpt does not have the necessary properties for a usable progressive addition spectacle lens, particularly for the optical correction required for the use conditions and spectacle wearers described herein. Astigmatism is already present in the distance portion. Therefore, this progressive power spectacle lens is not useful for the emmetropic spectacle wearer considered here. As can be gathered from FIG. 4a), the required near power of 2.5 dpt is not achieved anywhere. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4b), the residual Astigmatism is over 1 dpt over a wide area of ​​the near zone.

[0098] The subject matter of the present invention is in the form of a clause within the meaning of the European Patent Office decision J15 / 88 is outlined below.

[0099] 1. A product comprising: (i) a progressive addition lens; (ii) a representation of a progressive addition spectacle lens disposed on a data carrier; or (iii) a data carrier having a virtual representation of a progressive addition spectacle lens, A progressive addition lens includes a substrate having an anterior surface and a posterior surface, the substrate being made of a material having a spatially varying refractive index. Consists of , - the front and / or rear surface has a freeform surface geometry; - the progressive power lens has a distance portion design reference point and a near portion design reference point, - Progressive addition lenses meet the following optical requirements: (1) the prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point within the tolerance limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004 and the prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point within the tolerance limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004; (2) A monotonically increasing gradient of refractive power between the distance design reference point and the near design reference point on the main line of sight. (3) An intermediate progressive zone surrounding the distance design reference point and the near design reference point, (a) 0.25 diopters, (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters Residuals that are less than the value from the group Astigmatism The intermediate progressive zone defined by In products that meet the above requirements, (i) the free-form surface geometry of the front and / or rear surfaces of the progressive addition spectacle lens and the spatial variation of the refractive index are adapted to one another in such a way that a control progressive addition spectacle lens having the same geometry but based on a substrate made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index would not satisfy at least one of the optical requirements (1) to (3), or (ii) the freeform surface geometry of the front and / or rear surfaces of the progressive addition spectacle lens; 、 and , above Spatial Refractive Index changes Regarding this lens, This relates to glasses of The wearer beam, It is the location of the main gaze, This lens InHalf of the overall mean refractive power increase Where the value of the first surface astigmatism of the surface having the freeform surface geometry, ascertained by calculation, at a point extending through On contrast progressive addition ophthalmic lenses with materials having spatially invariant refractive indices. , This relates to glasses of The wearer beam, A location on the main line of sight, This contrast progressive addition eyeglass lens In Half of the overall mean refractive power increase Where At a point extending through , total having a freeform surface geometry, as determined by Control progressive addition eyeglass lenses The surface astigmatism value is greater than the second surface astigmatism value. , the condition Fits Each is adjusted to , the control progressive addition spectacle lens has the same relative positions of the surfaces with freeform surface geometry and the same geometry of the opposing surfaces, the same refractive power profile along the main line of sight, Furthermore, the contrast of progressive power eyeglass lenses The refractive index is a progressive addition spectacle lens having a substrate made of a material with a spatially varying refractive index. In Half of the total refractive power increase becomes , having a value corresponding to the value of the refractive index of the substrate at the point of the main line of sight on the front surface A product characterized by:

[0100] In case 2.(ii), the value of the first surface astigmatism determined by calculation is - At least 0.25 dioptric power greater than the value of the second surface astigmatism as determined by calculation Is it large or - the value of the near addition power is less than the value of the second surface astigmatism determined by calculation 2. The product according to clause 1, characterized in that it is at least one-third larger.

[0101] In the case of 3.(ii), the value of the first surface astigmatism confirmed by calculation is In addition, the progressive power eyeglass lenses and the control progressive power eyeglass lenses have an overall refractive power increase of 1 / 2. The second, confirmed by calculation, also applies to the area along the main line of sight, which receives / 4~3 / 4. 3. A product according to clause 1 or 2, characterized in that the value of the surface astigmatism is greater than

Claims

1. (a) A product comprising a progressive addition spectacle lens, the progressive addition spectacle lens comprises a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, the substrate being made of a material having a spatially varying refractive index, the front surface having a front surface geometry, and the rear surface having a rear surface geometry; - said front surface geometry or said rear surface geometry is a freeform surface geometry; the progressive power spectacle lens has a distance portion design reference point and a near portion design reference point, said progressive power spectacle lenses satisfy the following optical requirements: (1) A prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004 and a prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004; (2) A monotonically increasing gradient of the refractive power between the distance portion design reference point and the near portion design reference point on the main line of sight, (3) An intermediate progressive zone, (a) 0.25 diopters; (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters Intermediate progressive zone defined by residual astigmatism below the value from the group In products that meet the above requirements, (ii) if the anterior surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens has a freeform surface geometry, the freeform surface geometry of the front surface is modified with respect to a control progressive addition spectacle lens having the same back surface geometry, the same refractive power profile along the main line of sight and the same residual astigmatism for a wearer's beam path of the spectacles through the main line of sight, the control progressive addition spectacle lens further comprising a substrate made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, the spatially invariant refractive index having a value that corresponds to the value of the spatially varying refractive index of the material of the substrate of the progressive addition spectacle lens at the point of the main line of sight on the front surface, which is half the total refractive power increase in the progressive addition spectacle lens having the substrate made of the material with a spatially varying refractive index, The modified freeform surface geometry of the anterior surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens and the spatial variation of the refractive index are a first value of the surface astigmatism of the anterior surface ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area located at a point where, for the progressive addition spectacle lens, the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, which is half the overall mean power increase in the progressive addition spectacle lens; and a first value of the surface astigmatism of the anterior surface ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area located at a point where, for the control progressive addition spectacle lens made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, which is half the overall mean power increase in the control progressive addition spectacle lens. the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a horizontal extent of 5 mm on either side of the primary line of sight, and the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a vertical area within which the increase in mean refractive power of the progressive addition spectacle lens in the primary line of sight is from 0.25 times the overall mean refractive power increase to 0.75 times the overall mean refractive power increase. are adjusted to each other so as to meet the following conditions: (iii) when the posterior surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens has a freeform surface geometry, the freeform surface geometry of the rear surface is modified with respect to a control progressive addition spectacle lens having the same front surface geometry, the same refractive power profile along the main line of sight and the same residual astigmatism for a wearer's beam path of the spectacles through the main line of sight, the control progressive addition spectacle lens further comprising a substrate made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, the spatially invariant refractive index having a value that corresponds to the value of the spatially varying refractive index of the material of the substrate of the progressive addition spectacle lens at the point of the main line of sight on the rear surface, which is half the total refractive power increase in the progressive addition spectacle lens having the substrate made of the material with a spatially varying refractive index, The above-described modified freeform surface geometry of the rear surface of the progressive addition spectacle lens and the above-described spatial variation of refractive index are a first value of the surface astigmatism of the rear surface ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area located at a point where, for the progressive addition spectacle lens, the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, which is half the overall mean power increase in the progressive addition spectacle lens; and a first value of the surface astigmatism of the rear surface ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area located at a point where, for the control progressive addition spectacle lens made of a material with a spatially invariant refractive index, the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, which is half the overall mean power increase in the control progressive addition spectacle lens. the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a horizontal extent of 5 mm on either side of the primary line of sight, and the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a vertical area within which the increase in mean refractive power of the progressive addition spectacle lens in the primary line of sight is from 0.25 times the overall mean refractive power increase to 0.75 times the overall mean refractive power increase. Each component is adjusted to meet the following conditions: A product characterized by:

2. The value of the first surface astigmatism ascertained by calculation is at least 0.25 diopters greater than the value of the second surface astigmatism ascertained by calculation, or 2. A product according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of said overall mean power increase is at least one third greater than said value of said second surface astigmatism ascertained by calculation.

3. 1. A computer-implemented method for designing a progressive addition spectacle lens, the progressive addition spectacle lens comprising a substrate having a front surface and a rear surface, the substrate being composed of a material having a spatially varying refractive index, the front surface and / or the rear surface having a freeform surface geometry, the progressive addition spectacle lens having a distance design reference point and a near design reference point, the method comprising designing the progressive addition spectacle lens to meet the following optical requirements: (1) The prescribed refractive power at the distance design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004, and the prescribed refractive power at the near design reference point is within the allowable limit deviation in accordance with DIN EN ISO 8980-2:2004. (2) The monotonically increasing gradient of the prescribed refractive power between the distance reference point and the near reference point is on the main line of sight. (3) An intermediate progressive zone, (a) 0.25 diopters; (b) 0.38 diopters; (c) 0.50 diopters There is an intermediate progressive zone defined by residual astigmatism below the value from group 1. A computer-implemented method, comprising: (ii) the freeform surface geometry of the anterior and / or posterior surfaces of the progressive addition spectacle lens and the spatial variation of the refractive index described above are a first value of surface astigmatism of the surface with the free-form surface geometry ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area, the first comparison area being located at a point where the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, where the location is half of the overall mean power increase in the progressive spectacle lens; a first value of surface astigmatism of the surface with the free-form surface geometry ascertained by calculation in a first comparison area, the first comparison area being located at a point where the wearer's beam path of the corresponding spectacles extends through the location of the main line of sight, where the location is half of the overall mean power increase in the progressive spectacle lens; the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a horizontal extent of 5 mm on either side of the primary line of sight, and the first comparison area and the second comparison area have a vertical area within which the increase in mean refractive power of the progressive addition spectacle lens in the primary line of sight is from 0.25 times the overall mean refractive power increase to 0.75 times the overall mean refractive power increase. Each is adjusted to meet the conditions, the control progressive addition spectacle lens has the same relative positions of the surfaces and the same geometry of the opposing surfaces with the freeform surface geometry, the same refractive power profile along the main line of sight, and further the refractive index of the control progressive addition spectacle lens has a value on the anterior surface at a point of the main line of sight that corresponds to the value of the refractive index of the substrate, which is half the total refractive power increase in the progressive addition spectacle lens having the substrate made of the material with a spatially varying refractive index.

10. A computer-implemented method comprising:

4. 4. A computer program having a program code for performing all the method steps of claim 3 when said computer program is loaded into and / or run on a computer.

5. A computer readable medium containing the computer program of claim 4.

6. A method for manufacturing a progressive power ophthalmic lens designed according to the method of claim 3.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the manufacturing is performed using additive manufacturing methods.

8. A computer comprising a processor and a memory in which a computer program according to claim 4 is stored, the computer being arranged to carry out the method according to claim 3.

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