Ceiling structure

Abstract

To provide a ceiling structure that can simplify construction.SOLUTION: One panel 60a and another panel 60b are provided. The other panel 60b includes, on one side end, an attaching part 63 to a base material 61, an abutting part 64 located on another side of the attaching part 63, and a latching part 65 located on one side of the attaching part 63. The abutting part 64 has an inclined surface. The one panel 60a includes, on another side end 105, a latched part 66 provided at the side of the base material 61, and an abutted part 104 provided at another side facing the latched part 66. The latched part 66 of the one panel 60a is latched on the latching part 65 of the other panel 60b, and the abutted part 104 of the one panel 60a is abutted on the abutting part 64 of the other panel 60b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ceiling structure used primarily for simple structures such as carports. [Background technology]

[0002] Simple structures such as carports that are installed on residential land have been known for some time. In such simple structures, a ceiling is often installed under the roof, and there is a demand for simplifying the construction of the ceiling. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a ceiling structure that can simplify construction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the ceiling structure according to the invention of claim 1 comprises a first panel and another panel, the other panel having at one end thereof an attachment portion for attaching to a base material, an abutment portion located on the other side of the attachment portion, and a locking portion located on one side of the attachment portion, and the abutment portion is the mounting portion is located on the other side of the edge of the wall on which the mounting portion is provided, The panel has an inclined surface, and one panel has an engaging portion provided on the base material side and an abutting portion provided on the other side of the engaging portion at the other end, and the engaging portion of the one panel is engaged with the engaging portion of the other panel, and the abutting portion of the one panel abuts against the abutting portion of the other panel. [Effects of the Invention]

[0005] The ceiling structure according to the invention of claim 1 comprises a first panel and another panel, the other panel having at one end thereof an attachment portion for attaching to a base material, an abutment portion located on the other side of the attachment portion, and a locking portion located on one side of the attachment portion, the abutment portion being: the mounting portion is located on the other side of the edge of the wall on which the mounting portion is provided,The panels have an inclined surface, and one panel has an engaging portion provided on the base material side and an abutting portion provided on the other side of the engaging portion at its other end.The engaging portion of one panel is engaged with the engaging portion of the other panel, and the abutting portion of one panel abuts against the abutting portion of the other panel, making it possible to install the panels easily and stably, thereby simplifying construction. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the simplified structure. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1. [Figure 5] 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 taken along line B-B. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of the right side of FIG. 5. [Figure 7] 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along CC in FIG. 2. [Figure 8] 2. (a) is an E-E cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, and (b) is an F-F cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 9] 9(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 2, and FIG. 9(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line GG in FIG. 9(a). [Figure 10] FIG. 9(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line HH of FIG. 9(a). [Figure 11] 11(a) is a longitudinal sectional view (DD sectional view in FIG. 2) showing another embodiment of the rain gutter portion, and FIG. 11(b) is a II sectional view in FIG. 11(a). [Figure 12] FIG. 11(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line JJ in FIG. [Figure 13] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of installing wall materials between the front and rear pillars. [Figure 14] 14(a) is an enlarged plan view of the corner portion between the front girder and the side girder, and FIG. 14(b) is a KK cross-sectional view of FIG. 14(a). [Figure 15] FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the stringer. [Figure 16]10A to 10C are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the steps of installing the batten fall prevention parts. [Figure 17] 1(a) is a front view of the batten fall prevention part, and FIG. 1(b) is a side view of the same. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the simplified structure of the first embodiment, showing an example in which a column is attached to the front girder. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the simplified structure of the first embodiment, showing an example in which no ceiling material is attached under the roof. [Figure 20] 1A is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the simple structure, FIG. 1B is a side view of the simple structure, and FIG. 1C is a front view of the simple structure. [Figure 21] This is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 20(c) taken along the line MM. [Figure 22] 20(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line NN in FIG. 20(a). [Figure 23] 20(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line OO of FIG. 20(a). [Figure 24] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the simplified structure. [Figure 25] 25(a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the connection between the right-side column of one structure and the left-side stringer of another structure, (b) is a side view of the same, and (c) is a PP cross-sectional view of Figure 25(a). [Figure 26] 10A to 10C are diagrams showing the steps for connecting the right column of one structure to the left stringer of another structure. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of the simplified structure. [Figure 28] FIG. [Figure 29] FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing the left side of the simple structure. [Figure 30] FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 29 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] The following describes embodiments with reference to the drawings. Of the first to fourth embodiments described below, the embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 is the first embodiment, and the explanation of this invention is given in paragraphs

[0027] to

[0028] . 1 to 15 show a first embodiment of the simple structure. As shown in Fig. 1, this simple structure is applied to a carport for two passenger cars. As shown in Figure 2, this simple structure is made up of a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3, all around it to form a rectangular frame 4, and this frame 4 is supported by four columns 5 provided at positions towards the front and rear of the left and right side girders 3, 3. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the front girder 1, the rear girder 2, and the left and right side girders 3, 3 are all positioned horizontally, and the four columns 5 are the same length. As shown in Figures 2 and 5, a central girder 6 is installed in the longitudinal center of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2, and a roof 7 is installed in the opening between the central girder 6 and the left and right side girders 3, 3. A ceiling 8 is installed below the roof 7.

[0008] The left and right stringers 3 are formed by cutting aluminum alloy extrusions to a specified length, and as shown in Figures 6 and 9, have a hollow portion 9 with a rectangular cross section and a recess 10 with a U-shaped cross section that is open on the bottom, running continuously in the longitudinal direction. Except for the portion where the column 5 is inserted, the recess 10 is closed by fitting a batten 11 from below. The bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 is formed with a back plate 13 for attaching a column fixing bracket 12 (see Figure 9) and a groove 15 for holding the head of a bolt 14 so that it can slide longitudinally.

[0009] As shown in Figure 15, a rectangular groove 16 is formed in the upper part of the side wall 15 that forms the recess 10 of the stringer 3, and a recessed groove 17 is formed below it. The recessed groove 17 has a horizontal step 18 on the lower side and an inwardly sloping surface 19 on the upper side. The batten 11 has an engaging portion 21 that protrudes outward from the upper end of the side wall 20, and a recessed groove 22 is formed below this. When the batten 11 is fitted into the recess 10 of the stringer 3 from below, the upper end of the side wall 20 is pushed by the inclined surface 19 of the side wall 15 of the stringer 3, causing it to elastically deform so as to bend inward, and once it overcomes the inclined surface 19, it returns to its original position and the engaging portion 21 engages with the rectangular groove 16 of the side wall 15 of the stringer 3. In this way, the batten 11 is fitted into the recess 10 of the stringer 3 so that it will not easily come off.

[0010] Furthermore, to prevent the batten 11 from falling, this simple structure is provided with a batten fall prevention part 23 between the side wall 15 of the stringer 3 and the side wall 20 of the batten 11. The batten fall prevention part 23 is formed by pressing a thin stainless steel plate, and as shown in Figure 17, is formed in a roughly U-shape with a vertical piece 24 and an inwardly inclined locking piece 25. After the batten 11 is attached to the recess 10 of the stringer 3, this batten drop prevention component 23 is inserted from below into the gap between the side wall 15 of the stringer 3 and the side wall 20 of the batten 11, as shown in FIG. 16(a). When inserted, the batten drop prevention component 23 elastically deforms so that the locking pieces 25 become nearly vertical, as shown in FIG. 16(b). When the locking pieces 25 reach the space between the grooves 17 of the side wall 15 of the stringer 3 and the grooves 22 of the side wall 20 of the batten 11, the locking pieces 25 return to their inwardly tilted state, as shown in FIG. 16(c). The upper ends of the locking pieces 25 engage with the upper step 26 of the groove 22 of the side wall 20 of the batten 11, and the lower ends of the locking pieces 25 engage with the lower step 18 of the groove 17 of the side wall 15 of the stringer 3, thereby preventing the batten 11 from falling. This reliably prevents the batten 11 from falling. A plurality of batten fall prevention parts 23 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the batten 11.

[0011] As shown in Figure 15, this simple structure comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a batten 11, and a batten anti-fall part 23, the girder 3 having a recess 10 on its underside, the batten 11 being fitted into the recess 10 of the girder 3, and the batten anti-fall part 23 being inserted from below between the side wall 15 of the girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the batten 11, with its upper end engaging with a step 26 on the side wall 20 of the batten 11 and its lower end engaging with a step 18 on the side wall 15 of the girder 3, thereby preventing the batten 11 from falling.Therefore, by simply fitting the batten 11 into the recess 10 and then inserting the batten anti-fall part 23 from below between the side wall 15 of the girder 3 and the side wall 20 of the batten 11, it is possible to reliably prevent the batten 11 from falling, thereby simplifying construction. The batten fall prevention part 23 has a locking piece 25 that locks onto the step parts 26, 18 of the batten 11 and the stringer 3, and the locking piece 25 becomes almost vertical when inserted between the side walls 15, 20 of the stringer 3 and the batten 11, and when inserted, locks onto the step parts 26, 18 of the batten 11 and the stringer 3 in an inclined state, so that the batten fall prevention part 23 can be easily attached and the batten 11 can be reliably prevented from falling. The invention relating to the above-mentioned batten fall prevention component 23 can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

[0012] As shown in Figure 5, the center girder 6 is formed from an extruded aluminum alloy member with the same cross-sectional shape as the side girders 3. As shown in Figures 2 and 8, the longitudinal end faces of the center girder 6 abut against the rear side faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2, and are fixed in place using U-shaped connecting fittings 27.

[0013] As shown in Figure 7, the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 are formed from extruded aluminum alloy members with approximately the same cross-sectional shape as the stringer 3, and have a hollow portion 9 with a rectangular cross-section and a recessed portion 10 with a U-shaped cross-section that is open at the bottom, running continuously in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, covers 28 are attached to the outer periphery of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2. The covers 28 are formed from extruded aluminum alloy members and cover the outer periphery of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2. The covers 28 have hook-shaped locking pieces 29 spaced apart in the vertical direction on the back side that lock into grooves 30 formed in the outer periphery of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, and the inward-facing pieces 31 at the upper end are placed on the top surfaces of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 and fixed with screws 32. As shown in Figure 2, the longitudinal end faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 abut against the inner peripheral sides of the left and right side girders 3, 3, and are fixed using a U-shaped connecting fitting (not shown) in the same way as the central girder 6. The cover 28 attached to the outer peripheral side of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 protrudes laterally beyond the longitudinal end faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2, and the longitudinal end faces of the left and right side girders 3, 3 are hidden by the cover 28.

[0014] As shown in Figure 14, resin caps 33 are attached to the corners between the front girders 1 and the stringers 3 and between the rear girders 2 and the stringers 3, and these caps 33 cover the ends of the covers 28. The caps 33 are fitted onto the corners from the outside and fixed with screws 34 from above.

[0015] As shown in Figure 2, this simple structure comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, and a rear girder 2, and a cover 28, with the longitudinal end faces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 abutting against the inner peripheral side faces of the side girders 3, 3, and the cover 28 being attached to the outer peripheral side faces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2, and the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 being hidden by the cover 28, which eliminates the need to attach caps individually to the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3, thereby simplifying construction. The longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 and the outer peripheral side faces of the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 are continuously covered by the cover 28, which also improves design.

[0016] In the above-described embodiment, the covers 28 are attached only to the outer peripheral side surfaces of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, but the covers 28 can also be attached to the outer peripheral side surfaces of the left and right side girders 3, 3 in the same manner as the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, so that the entire periphery of the frame 4 is surrounded by the covers 28. Furthermore, the design can be further enhanced by attaching a laminate sheet with a wood grain pattern or the like to the covers 28. The invention relating to the cover 28 described above can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

[0017] The pillars 5 are made of extruded aluminum alloy material, and as shown in Figure 9, are composed of a pillar body 36 having rectangular groove-shaped recesses 35 on the front and rear surfaces along the longitudinal direction, a batten 37 fitted into the recesses 35, and a downspout cover 38 attached to the front side of the pillar body 36. The downspout cover 38 is attached only to the rear pillar 5 (see Figure 4). 9 and 10, a substantially U-shaped column fixing bracket 12 is attached to the stringer 3 with a back plate 13, bolts 14, and nuts 39, abutting against the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10. The column 5 is connected and fixed to the underside of the stringer 3 by inserting the column fixing bracket 12 into the hollow part of the column main body 36, causing the upper end of the column main body 36 to fit into the recess 10 of the stringer 3, and abutting the upper end face of the column main body 36 against the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the stringer 3, and threading screws 40 inserted from the front and rear into female threaded holes formed in the column fixing bracket 12. The screws 40 are hidden by a batten 37. The mounting position of the pillar 5 can be changed in the longitudinal direction of the stringer 3. The pillar 5 can also be mounted on the front girder 1 or the rear girder 2.

[0018] As shown in Figures 2, 5, and 7, the roof 7 is installed at each opening between the central girder 6 and the left and right side girders 3, 3, sloping so that the side girders 3 are lower. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, rafter hangers 41 are attached at high positions on the left and right sides of the central girder 6, gutter members (gutter sections) 42 are attached at low positions on the inner peripheral sides of the left and right side girders 3, 3, end rafters 43 and rafters 44 are erected between the rafter hangers 41 and the gutter members 42 at intervals in the left-right direction (see Figure 2), and resin roof panels 45 are attached between the end rafters 43 and rafters 44 and between the rafters 44 themselves. As shown in Figure 8(a), locking members 46 are attached with screws to the left and right side surfaces of the central girder 6 in order to attach the rafter hangers 41, and the rafter hangers 41 are hooked onto the locking members 46 and fixed below the locking members 46 with screws 47. The locking members 46 are long members formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles. As shown in Figure 9, a locking member 46 is similarly attached with a screw to the inner peripheral side surface of the stringer 3 in order to attach the gutter member 42, and the gutter member 42 is hooked onto the locking member 46 and fixed with a screw 48 above the locking member 46.

[0019] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, an auxiliary gutter 49 is provided in the recess 10 at the bottom of the stringer 3 near the rear column 5. The auxiliary gutter 49 is a flat, rectangular tubular member formed from an extruded aluminum alloy member, and is open on both left and right sides that face the side walls 15, 15 on both sides of the recess 10 of the stringer 3, and has screw insertion grooves 50 on the front and rear walls (see Figure 10). As shown in Figure 9, the open right side of the auxiliary gutter 49 abuts against the outer wall of the gutter member 42, and a cover 51 is attached to the left side, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is fixed to the outer wall of the gutter member 42 with screws 52 inserted into the screw insertion grooves 50. A horizontally long rectangular hole 53 is formed in the outer wall of the gutter member 42 (see Figure 10), and rainwater that accumulates in the gutter member 42 flows from the hole 53 into the auxiliary gutter 49. The side wall 15 on the inner periphery of the recess 10 of the stringer 3 and the side wall 20 on the inner periphery of the batten 11 have notches in the areas that interfere with the auxiliary gutter 49. The auxiliary gutter 49 is hidden by the batten 11 when viewed from below and cannot be seen. As shown in Figure 9, a drainage part 54 is attached to the underside of the auxiliary gutter 49, and the outlet of the drainage part 54 is inserted into the upper end of a vertical gutter 55 attached along the front side of the pillar 5. Therefore, rainwater that flows from the gutter member 42 into the auxiliary gutter 49 flows through the drainage part 54 into the vertical gutter 55 and is drained through the vertical gutter 55. The vertical gutter 55 is stored inside the vertical gutter cover 38 of the pillar 5, and the vertical gutter 55 cannot be seen from the outside.

[0020] 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the gutter section. The pillar 5 is composed of a pillar body 36 having recesses 35 on the front and rear sides, and a batten 56 that fits into the recesses 35 of the pillar body 36. The batten 56 is hollow and also serves as a downspout. Similar to the embodiment described above, an auxiliary gutter 49 is provided in the recess 10 at the bottom of the stringer 3 near the rear column 5. The auxiliary gutter 49 is a flat, rectangular tubular member formed from an extruded aluminum alloy. The left and right sides facing the side walls 15, 15 on both sides of the recess 10 of the stringer 3 are open, and tapping holes 57 are formed on the inside of the front and rear walls (see FIG. 12). As shown in FIG. 11, the open right side of the auxiliary gutter 49 abuts against the outer wall of the gutter member 42 and is fixed with a screw 58 threaded into the tapping hole 57. The left side of the auxiliary gutter 49 is closed by a cover 51. A horizontally elongated rectangular hole 53 is formed in the outer wall of the gutter member 42 (see FIG. 12), and rainwater collected in the gutter member 42 flows from the hole 53 into the auxiliary gutter 49. The auxiliary gutter 49 is hidden by the batten 11 when viewed from below. 11(b) and 12, a drainage part 54 is attached to the rear wall of the auxiliary gutter 49 facing the pillar 5, and the outlet of the drainage part 54 is inserted into the upper end of a batten 56 attached to the front side of the pillar 5. Therefore, rainwater that flows from the gutter member 42 into the auxiliary gutter 49 flows through the drainage part 54 to the batten 56 and is drained through the batten 56.

[0021] Figure 13 shows an example in which wall materials (decorative boards) 59, 59 are attached to the inside and outside of the space between the front and rear pillars 5, 5. The vertical gutter 55 is provided along the front side of the rear pillar 5, as in the embodiment shown in Figures 9 and 10 described above, and the vertical gutter 55 is hidden by the wall materials 59, 59.

[0022] As shown in Figures 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, this simple structure comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a gutter section (gutter member) 42, and an auxiliary gutter 49, with the gutter section 42 provided on the inner periphery of the girder 3 and the auxiliary gutter 49 provided at the bottom of the girder 3 near the pillar 5, and water flows from the gutter section 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 through holes 53 provided on the side of the gutter section 42, and from the auxiliary gutter 49 to the vertical gutter (vertical gutter 55, batten 56) provided along the pillar 5, making it easy to install the rain gutters and simplifying construction. Furthermore, since the gutter section 42 is provided on the inner periphery of the girder 3, the gutter section 42 is not exposed to the outside, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is also stored in the recess 10 at the bottom of the girder 3 and hidden by the batten 11, and the vertical gutters 55, 56 are stored within the pillar 5 (see Figures 9 and 11) or are provided between the wall materials 59, 59 provided on the inside and outside between the pillars 5, 5 (see Figure 13), so the gutters are not exposed to the outside, resulting in a neat and tidy exterior design. In the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 12, the pillar 5 has a recess 35 on the side along the longitudinal direction, and the vertical gutter (mesh board) 56 is housed in the recess 35, so the pillar 5 does not become thicker and the design is further improved. The invention relating to the auxiliary gutter 49 described above can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

[0023] As shown in Figures 5 to 7, underlayment materials 61 for mounting ceiling materials 60 are provided at intervals in the front-to-rear direction under the roof 7. As shown in Figure 5, the ceiling materials 60 are panels formed from extruded aluminum alloy profiles, and the panels 60 are arranged parallel to the stringers 3 and mounted between the pair of stringers 3, 3 in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear stringers 1, 2 (see Figure 4). The panels 60 are mounted in order from right to left.

[0024] As shown in Figure 7, the ceiling material 60 extends below the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, and the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 are hidden by the ceiling material 60. Trim members 62 are attached to the recesses 10 of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 along the outer peripheral side walls, and the trim members 62 hide the edges of the ceiling material 60.

[0025] Figure 18 shows an example where a column 5 is attached to the front girder 1 or rear girder 2 (see Figure 27). In this case, the ceiling material 60 is cut in front of the column 5, and the edge of the ceiling material 60 is hidden by a trim 62 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the column 5. The recess 10 in the front girder 1 or rear girder 2 is closed by attaching a batten 11. The trim 62 can also be attached to the inner peripheral side surface of the front girder 1 or rear girder 2.

[0026] As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 7, this simple structure comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3 and a front girder 1 and a rear girder 2 all around, a roof 7 attached to the inner periphery of the frame 4, and a ceiling material 60 attached to the underside of the roof 7, the ceiling material 60 being arranged parallel to the side girders 3, 3 and being attached in a line in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear girders 1, 2 between the pair of side girders 3, 3, which means that the number of ceiling materials 60 can be reduced compared to when the ceiling materials 60 are arranged parallel to the front and rear girders 1, 2, simplifying construction. This is particularly effective in the case of single-car carports or walkway shelters, where the depth dimension is longer than the width dimension. The ceiling material 60 extends to below the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 (see Figure 7), so when looking up at the ceiling 8 from below, the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 are hidden by the ceiling material 60 and cannot be seen, resulting in a good design. In addition, a column 5 is attached to either the front girder 1 or the rear girder 2, and a trim 62 is attached to the inner peripheral side of the girder 1, 2 to which the column 5 is attached or to the inner peripheral side of the column 5, and the trim 62 hides the edge of the ceiling material 60 (see Figure 18), so the design is good even when the column 5 is attached to the front girder 1 or the rear girder 2. The invention relating to the ceiling material 60 described above can also be applied to the third and fourth embodiments described later.

[0027] The panels 60 of the ceiling 8 are attached in order from right to left. As shown in FIG. 6 , the right panel (other panel) 60b of the adjacent panels 60, 60 has an attachment portion 63 for the base material 61, an abutment portion 64 located on the right side (the other side) of the attachment portion 63, and an engagement portion 65 located on the left side (one side) of the attachment portion 63, all of which are continuous with the left end (one side end) 106. The abutment portion 64 forms a sloped surface that slopes downward toward the right. The left panel (first panel) 60a has an engagement portion 66 located on the base material 61 side, and a protrusion (abutment portion) 104 located at the right end (other side end) 105 of the left panel 60a, spaced from and to the right (the other side) of the engagement portion 66. The protrusion 104 is located at the right end (the other side end) of the left panel 60a. The left panel 60a is attached by engaging the engaging portion 66 with the engaging portion 65 of the right panel 60b from the left side, abutting the tip of the protrusion 104 with the abutting portion 64 of the right panel 60b, and then fixing the mounting portion 63 to the base material 61 with a screw 67.

[0028] As shown in FIG. 6, the ceiling (ceiling structure) 8 of this simple structure comprises one panel (left panel) 60a and another panel (right panel) 60b. The other panel 60b has, at one end 106, an attachment portion 63 for attaching to the base material 61, an abutting portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63. The abutting portion 64 has an inclined surface, and the first panel 60 a has an engaging portion 66 provided on the base material 61 side and an abutting portion (protrusion) 104 provided on the other side of the engaging portion 66 at the other end portion 105, and the engaging portion 66 of one panel 60a is engaged with the engaging portion 65 of the other panel 60b and the abutting portion 104 of one panel 60a abuts against the abutting portion 64 of the other panel 60b, so that the installation of the panels 60 can be carried out easily and stably, thereby simplifying construction. In other words, because the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b is located to one side of the mounting portion 63, it is easy to lock the locked portion 66 to the locking portion 65 of the other panel 60b when mounting the first panel 60a, and further because the abutting portion 64 of the other panel 60b is an inclined surface, the abutting portion 104 of the first panel 60a abuts against the inclined surface and is pulled downward, thereby restricting the up and down flapping of the other side end portion 105 of the first panel 60a, and therefore the panel 60 can be mounted easily and stably. The other panel 60b has an attachment portion 63 to the base material 61, an abutment portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and an engagement portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63, all of which are continuous with one side end portion 106, thereby simplifying the shape of the one side end portion 106 and making it less likely for water, debris, etc. to accumulate. Furthermore, since the abutment portion 104 of one panel 60a is provided spaced apart from the engaging portion 66 on the other side, it is easy to engage the engaging portion 66 with the engaging portion 65 of the other panel 60b and to abut the abutment portion 104 against the abutment portion 64 of the other panel 60b, improving the ease of installation and stability of the panel 60. The invention relating to the ceiling 8 described above can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

[0029] As shown in Figure 6, an end panel 68 is provided on the right side of the ceiling 8. The end panel 68 has a starter material 69 and an adjustment material 70. The starter material 69 is placed on the right side of the right-end panel 60, which is to be installed first, and has a mounting portion 63 for the base material 61, an abutment portion 64, and a locking portion 65, similar to the left end portion of the panel 60. The adjusting member 70 is positioned on the other side (right side) of the start member 69, and has an attachment portion 71 to the base member 61, and a horizontal wall 72 extending from the lower edge of the attachment portion 71 toward the left side, the horizontal wall 72 overlapping the start member 69 and the lower edge of the right-end panel 60 that is attached by engaging with the engaging portion 65 of the start member 69, and the edge of the start member 69 and the panel 60 is hidden by the horizontal wall 72. The attachment portion 71 is formed in a U-shaped groove that is open on the bottom, and the attachment portion 71 is screwed to the base member 61 from below with screws 73, and a batten 74 is attached to close the groove of the attachment portion 71. A cover material 75 is attached to the underside of the gutter member 42, which conceals the gutter member 42 and also closes the gap between the end panel 68 and the batten 11 of the stringer 3. The cover material 75 is made of the same shaped material as the adjustment material 70 of the end panel 68, and is attached in a symmetrical orientation. As shown in Figure 5, an adjusting member 70 is also attached to the left end of the ceiling 8, with the side wall 72 of the adjusting member 70 overlapping the lower left edge of the left-most panel 60 to be attached last, and the edge of the panel 60 is hidden by the side wall 72. By providing the adjusting member 70 at the ends on both the left and right sides in this way, the ceiling 8 has a symmetrical design.

[0030] Next, a description will be given of the procedure for constructing the ceiling 8. First, the base material 61 is attached under the roof 7. Next, the starter material 69 is attached to the base material 61 at a predetermined position on the right side by screwing it. Next, the engaging portion 66 formed on the right end of the panel 60 is engaged from the side with the engaging portion 65 of the starter material 69, and the right end of the panel 60 is abutted against the abutment portion 64 of the starter material 69, and the mounting portion 63 formed on the left end of the panel 60 is screwed to the base material 61 to attach the panel 60. Thereafter, the panels 60 are sequentially attached to the left of the attached panel 60 in the same manner. Once all of the panels 60 have been attached, an adjusting material 70 is attached to the right side of the starting material 69, and the edges of the starting material 69 and the right-most panel 60 are hidden by the adjusting material 70. In addition, an adjusting material 70 is attached to the left side of the left-most panel 60, and the edge of the left-most panel 60 is hidden. Thereafter, the cover material 75 is attached under the gutter member 42 .

[0031] As shown in Figure 6, the ceiling (ceiling structure) 8 of this simple structure comprises panels 60, 60, ... that are installed side by side, and an end panel 68, and the end panel 68 has a start material 69 and an adjustment material 70, the start material 69 is arranged on the panel 60 side and is engaged with the edge of the end panel 60, and the adjustment material 70 is arranged on the end side of the start material 69 and hides the start material 69 and the edge of the end panel 60 that is engaged with the start material 69, so that it can flexibly accommodate differences in dimensions in the direction in which the panels 60 are lined up, thereby simplifying construction. In other words, even if the dimensions of the roof 7 change, or there are dimensional errors in the panels 60, or there are construction errors in attaching the panels 60, such dimensional differences can be absorbed by changing the overlap between the end panels 60 and the adjustment material 70, making it easy to construct the ceiling 8. The adjusting member 70 has a good design because the mounting screws 73 are hidden by the batten 74. The invention relating to the ceiling 8 described above can also be applied to the second to fourth embodiments described later.

[0032] Figure 19 shows a modified example of the simplified structure of the first embodiment, in which no ceiling 8 is provided under the roof 7. The recesses 10 at the bottom of the stringer 3 are closed with battens 11, except for the areas where the pillars 5 are embedded. The battens 11 are shorter than those used when a ceiling 8 is provided, and the underside of the battens 11 is flush with the lower edge of the stringer 3. Lighting fixtures 76 are attached to the battens 11, and the space within the recesses 10 is used to pass wiring. The recesses 10 in the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 are also closed with battens 11, just like the stringer 3. Lighting fixtures 76 can also be attached to the battens 11 when a ceiling 8 is provided.

[0033] 20 to 23 show a second embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure is applied to a carport for one passenger car. As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure consists of a rectangular frame 4 formed by a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3, all around the structure. An intermediate girder 77 is installed between the side girders 3, 3, near the rear. The intermediate girder 77 is supported at its longitudinal center by a single column 5, and the left and right side girders 3, 3 are each supported by a column 5 near the front. This means that this simple structure is supported by three columns: two columns 5, 5 located at the front and one column 5 located at the rear. The rear column 5 can be moved along the length of the intermediate girder 77 as long as it maintains sufficient strength for the carport. When a ceiling 8 is attached under the roof 7, the column 5 is attached approximately at the center of the length of the intermediate girder 77 due to the shape of the ceiling panel 60. However, when a ceiling 8 is not attached, the column 5 can be moved left or right relative to the center of the length of the intermediate girder 77. Like the rear pillars 5, the installation position of the front pillars 5 can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the stringers 3 within the range that maintains the strength required for the carport.

[0034] As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure has only one pillar 5 on the rear side, and the installation position of each pillar 5 can be moved. Therefore, even if there are obstacles on the ground that make it impossible to erect four pillars 5, the pillars 5 can be placed around the obstacles, allowing for effective use of the site.

[0035] Within the frame 4 surrounded by the front girder 1, the rear girder 2, and the left and right side girders 3, 3, a roof 7 is installed with a slope so that the left side girder 3 is lower, as shown in Figure 23. Specifically, as shown in Figure 23, a rafter hanger 41 is attached at a high position on the side of the right side girder 3, and a gutter member 42 is attached at a low position on the left side girder 3. As shown in Figure 22, end rafters 43 are attached to the rear side of the front girder 1, the front and rear sides of the middle girder 77, and the front side of the rear girder 2. Rafters 44 are erected at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the side girders 3, spanning the rafter hangers 41 and the gutter member 42 between the front girder 1 and the middle girder 77. Resin roof panels 45 are attached between the end rafters 43, between the end rafters 43 and rafters 44, and between the rafters 44. In this way, by attaching the end rafters 43 to the front and rear sides of the intermediate girder 77, the roof 7 can be easily constructed over the opening in the frame 4 separated by the intermediate girder 77.

[0036] As shown in Figure 22, the pitch P between the center of the rear girder 2 and the center of the intermediate girder 77, the pitch P between the center of the intermediate girder 77 and the center of the adjacent rafter 44, the pitch P between the center of the front girder 1 and the center of the rafter 44, and the pitch P between the centers of the rafters 44 are all the same. In other words, the intermediate girder 77 is positioned where the rafters 44 are normally attached. This means that the processing of the members does not change significantly even when the intermediate girder 77 is installed, simplifying construction.

[0037] As shown in Figures 22 and 23, a ceiling 8 is provided under the roof 7, similar to the first embodiment. The panels 60 of the ceiling 8 are arranged parallel to the stringers 3, 3, and are attached in line in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear stringers 1, 2 between the pair of stringers 3, 3, and notches 78 are provided at the positions of the columns 5 supporting the intermediate stringer 77 (see Figure 21).

[0038] As shown in Figure 20, this simple structure comprises a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, an intermediate girder 77, and columns 5, 5, 5, with the pair of side girders 3, 3 and the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 forming a framework all around, with an intermediate girder 77 erected between the side girders 3, 3 near one longitudinal side of the side girders 3, 3, and rafters 43, 44 erected at intervals between the side girders 3, 3, with the intermediate girder 77 supported at its longitudinal midpoint by a single column 5, and each of the pair of side girders 3, 3 being supported by a single column 5 on the other longitudinal side, thereby reducing the number of columns 5 and simplifying construction. Furthermore, even if there are obstacles on the ground, the simple structure can be installed by positioning the columns 5 to avoid the obstacles, thereby enabling more effective use of the site. In this simple structure, the pitch P between the rafters 44 is the same as the pitch P between the intermediate girder 77 and the rafters 44, and the intermediate girder 77 can be freely attached at the position where the rafters 44 are attached, which makes it possible to further simplify construction when installing the intermediate girder 77.

[0039] 24 and 25 show a third embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure comprises a first structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side in the frontage direction. The first structure 79 is a carport for one passenger car, and the other structure 80 is a multi-roof used as an approach to the entrance and a terrace roof. The heights of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 are adjusted according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation location, and the heights of the girders 1, 2, 3, 3 and the roof 7 attached to the girders 1, 2, 3, 3 from the ground G are different.

[0040] The uses of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 can be any of a carport, a cycle port, an approach, and a gate roof. The heights of the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 are adjusted according to their respective uses, and may also be adjusted according to the difference in height of the ground G on which the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 are installed. For example, if the approach in front of the entrance has stairs or the like that make the height of the ground G higher than that of the parking space, the roof of the approach may be higher than that of the carport.

[0041] As in the first embodiment, one structure 79 has a rectangular frame 4 formed by framing the front girder 1, rear girder 2, and left and right side girders 3, 3 all around, and a roof 7 is provided within the frame 4, sloping so that the left side girder 3 is lower. The left and right side girders 3, 3 are each supported by two pillars 5 provided at the front and rear positions. The other structure 80 has a rectangular frame 4 formed by framing the front girder 1, rear girder 2, and left and right stringers 3, 3 all around, and a roof 7 is installed within the frame 4 at an angle so that the right stringer 3 is lower. The right stringer 3 is supported by two columns 5 installed at the front and rear positions, and the left stringer 3 is supported via a bracket 81 on the side of the column 5 supporting the right stringer 3 of the first structure 79. As a result, this simple structure would normally require a total of eight columns 5, four for the first structure 79 and four for the other structure 80, but by supporting the left stringer 3 of the other structure 80 with the column 5 supporting the right stringer 3 of the first structure 79, the number of columns 5 is reduced to six.

[0042] As shown in Figure 25, bracket 81 has a bracket main body 82 attached to the side of pillar 5, and a back plate 83 provided inside pillar 5. A back plate holding portion 84 is provided inside pillar 5 to hold back plate 83 slidably in the longitudinal direction of pillar 5. A screw (locking portion) 85 is attached to the side of pillar 5, protruding from the outside into pillar 5, and the back plate 83 is positioned by locking the lower edge of back plate 83 with the screw 85. As shown in Figure 25(b), back plate 83 has a locking portion 86 cut out at the bottom to lock with the screw 85. This allows the screw 85 to fit within the space where bracket main body 82 is attached, preventing the screw 85 from protruding from bracket main body 82.

[0043] The bracket body 82 is formed by bending a metal plate into a roughly U-shape and has an upper horizontal wall 87, a lower horizontal wall 88, and a vertical wall 89. The bracket body 82 is attached to the side of the pillar 5 with the vertical wall 89 abutting against the side of the pillar 5 by a bolt 90 that screws into the back plate 83. The left-hand side stringer 3 of the other structure 80 is inserted from the side between the upper horizontal wall 87 and the lower horizontal wall 88 of the bracket main body 82, and the upper horizontal wall 87 is fixed to the upper wall of the stringer 3 with bolts 91 from above, and the lower horizontal wall 88 is fixed to the bracket main body 82 with a back plate 13 held to the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the stringer 3, bolts 14, and nuts 39. The vertical wall 89 of the bracket main body 82 has a side edge bent toward the stringer 3 to form a wall 92, which closes the gap between the column 5 and the stringer 3 and hides the head of the bolt 90 that fixes the bracket main body 82 to the column 5. The mounting position of the bracket 81 can be freely changed in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 5.

[0044] Next, the procedure for attaching the bracket 81 to the column 5 and holding the stringer 3 of another structure 80 to the bracket 81 will be described. First, as shown in Figure 26(a), a screw 85 for positioning the back plate is attached to the side of the pillar 5, and then the back plate 83 is inserted into the pillar 5 from the small edge at the top end of the pillar 5 by engaging it with the back plate holding part 84 of the pillar 5. The inserted back plate 83 is held by the back plate holding part 84 and slides downward under its own weight, and the locked part 86 provided at the bottom engages with the screw 85, positioning it at a predetermined height. Next, the vertical wall 89 of the bracket body 82 is pressed against the side surface of the pillar 5 , and the bolt 90 inserted from the side is screwed into the back plate 83 to fix the bracket body 82 to the side surface of the pillar 5 . Then, as shown in Figure 26(c), the side girder 3 is inserted between the upper cross wall 87 and the lower cross wall 88 of the bracket main body 82, and the upper cross wall 87 is fixed to the upper wall of the side girder 3 with a bolt 91, and the lower cross wall 88 is fixed to the bottom wall 10a of the recess 10 of the side girder 3 with a back plate 13, a bolt 14, and a nut 39.

[0045] As shown in Figure 24, this simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80, which are of different heights and arranged side by side in the width direction, each having girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7, with the girder (side girder) 3 of the lower structure 80 attached to the side of the column 5 supporting the girder (side girder) 3 of the higher structure 79. By adjusting the heights of the first structure 79 and the other structures 80 according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation location, it is possible to construct a simple structure that suits the shape of the site, the layout of the building, the purpose of installation, etc., and moreover, the number of columns 5 required can be reduced compared to installing two structures separately, simplifying construction. The structures 79, 80 can be any of a carport, cycle port, approach, and gate roof, and by adjusting the height and freely combining these structures 79, 80, a simple structure suited to the purpose of installation can be provided. Also, by adjusting the height of each structure 79, 80 according to the difference in height of the ground G at the location where one structure 79 and another structure 80 are to be installed, a simple structure suited to the conditions of the installation location can be provided. This simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side, and a bracket 81 connecting the two structures, with the first structure 79 being taller than the other structure 80, and the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 each having girders 1, 2, 3 and a roof 7, with the bracket 81 attached to the side of the column 5 supporting the girder 3 of the first structure 79, and the girder 3 of the other structure 80 being held by the bracket 81, simplifying the construction of the two structures 79, 80 of different heights. The mounting position of the bracket 81 can be freely changed in the longitudinal direction of the column 5 of one structure 79, so that it can flexibly accommodate changes in the height of the other structure 80.

[0046] As shown in Figures 25 and 26, this simple structure comprises a pillar 5 and a bracket 81 for connecting another structure 80 to the pillar 5, the bracket 81 having a bracket body 82 attached to the side of the pillar 5 and a back plate 83 provided inside the pillar 5, the back plate 83 being held so as to be able to slide in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 5 and being positioned by engaging with an engaging portion (screw) 85 protruding from the outside of the pillar 5 into the pillar 5, so that the back plate 83 placed inside the pillar 5 can be easily positioned in a predetermined position, making it easy to install the bracket 81 and simplifying construction. The back plate 83 has a notched lower portion to form an engaged portion 86 to which the engaging portion 85 is engaged, so that the engaging portion 85 fits into the space where the bracket body 82 is attached and the engaging portion 85 does not protrude from the bracket body 82. Furthermore, the bracket body 82 has a wall 92 that hides the bolt 90 for fixing the bracket body 82 to the pillar 5, so that the bolt 90 is not exposed, improving the design.

[0047] The above-described method for positioning the back plate 83 within the column 5 can also be used to position back plates arranged within the girders 1, 2, and 3 in the longitudinal direction of the girders 1, 2, and 3. For example, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8 , a back plate 93 for a connecting fitting 27 for attaching the central girder 6 is held inside the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, and screws 85 are provided from the outside of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 so as to protrude into the insides of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2. The back plate 93 is inserted and slid from the small openings at the ends of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2, and the screws 85 are engaged with engagement portions 86 formed by cutting out the side edges of the back plate 93, thereby positioning the back plate 93 at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the front girders 1 and rear girders 2.

[0048] 27 to 30 show a fourth embodiment of the simple structure. This simple structure is a combination of a carport 94 and a screen (decorative material) 95. As shown in Figures 27 and 28, this simple structure has a gate-shaped frame at the front with a front girder 1 supported at both ends by pillars 5, 5, a U-shaped frame in plan view consisting of a pair of side girders 3, 3 and a rear girder 2 is connected to the right side of the rear of the front girder 1, and a roof 7 is attached to an opening formed by the front girder 1, rear girder 2 and pair of side girders 3, 3 to form a carport 94. The pair of side girders 3, 3 are supported by pillars 5 at a position towards the rear.

[0049] As in the embodiments described so far, the front girder 1 has a hollow portion 9 with a rectangular cross section and a recessed portion 10 with a U-shaped cross section that is open on the bottom, which are continuous in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figure 30. The upper end of the column 5 is inserted into the recessed portion 10 of the front girder 1 and fixed with a column fixing bracket 12 (see Figures 9 and 10).

[0050] As shown in Figure 27, the screen 95 is installed adjacent to the left-side pillar 5 from below the front girder 1 toward the ground G. As shown in Figure 29, the screen 95 is composed of two lattice units 96, 96 arranged side by side. Each lattice unit 96 has five vertical lattices 97 spaced apart in the left-right direction, and the upper end of each lattice 97 is butted against an upper cross member 98 and fixed with screws 99, and the lower end is butted against a lower cross member 100 and fixed with screws 99. The lattices 97, 97, ... are arranged to the right of the upper and lower cross members 98, 100. As a result, when multiple lattice units 96 are installed side by side, the spacing between the lattices 97, 97, ... will all be the same. As shown in Figure 30, the upper cross member 98 is fitted into the recess 10 of the front girder 1 from below and forms a batten 11 that closes the recess 10. The rest of the recess 10 of the front girder 1 other than the part where the upper cross member 98 is attached is closed with the batten 11. In other words, the recess 10 of the front girder 1 is closed with the batten 11 attached except for the part where the column 5 is inserted, and part of the batten 11 forms the upper cross member 98 of the lattice unit 96.

[0051] The lattice unit 96 is attached below the front girder 1 by assembling upper and lower cross members 98, 100 with lattices 97, 97, ... and fitting the upper cross member 98 into the recess 10 in the front girder 1 from below. The lower cross members 100 of adjacent lattice units 96 are connected by connecting members 101 with their side end faces butted together. The lower part of the lattice unit 96 is inserted into a hole 102 formed in the ground G and fixed in place with mortar 103 (see Figure 29).

[0052] 29 and 30, this simple structure comprises a girder (front girder) 1 and a column 5 that supports the girder 1, the girder 1 having a recess 10 on its underside along the longitudinal direction, and the column 5 having its upper end embedded in the recess 10 and fixed to the underside of the girder 1, which makes it easy to connect the upper end of the column 5 to the girder 1 and simplifies construction. Moreover, the recess 10 of the girder 1 is closed with a batten (batten 11, upper cross member 98) except for the part where the column 5 is embedded, which provides good designability. This simple structure has a portion in the longitudinal direction of the girder 1 where a decorative material (screen) 95 is attached instead of attaching a batten 11 to the recess 10, and the decorative material 95 is provided from below the girder 1 toward the ground G, so that by utilizing the recess 10 of the girder 1, the installation of the decorative material 95 can be simplified. In this simple structure, lattices 97 are attached at intervals to a batten (upper cross member) 98 to form lattice units 96, so that multiple lattices 97, 97, ... can be attached to the underside of the girder at once as a lattice unit 96, which simplifies construction compared to attaching lattices one by one to the underside of the girder. The invention relating to the above-mentioned batten (batten 11, upper cross member 98) and decorative member 95 can also be applied to the second and third embodiments.

[0053] As described above, this simple structure (first embodiment) comprises a girder (side girder) 3, a gutter section (gutter member) 42, and an auxiliary gutter 49, with the gutter section 42 provided on the inner periphery of the girder 3 and the auxiliary gutter 49 provided at the bottom of the girder 3 near the pillar 5, and water flows from the gutter section 42 to the auxiliary gutter 49 through holes 53 provided on the side of the gutter section 42, and from the auxiliary gutter 49 to the vertical gutter (vertical gutter 55, batten 56) provided along the pillar 5 (see Figures 9 to 12), making it easy to install the rain gutters and simplifying construction. Furthermore, since the gutter section 42 is provided on the inner periphery of the girder 3, the gutter section 42 is not exposed to the outside, and the auxiliary gutter 49 is also stored in the recess 10 at the bottom of the girder 3 and hidden by the batten 11, and the vertical gutters 55, 56 are stored within the pillars 5 (see Figures 9 and 11) or are provided between the wall materials 59, 59 provided on the inside and outside between the pillars 5 (see Figure 13), so the gutters are not exposed to the outside, achieving a neat exterior design. The pillar 5 has a recess 35 on the side along the longitudinal direction, and the vertical gutter (batten) 56 is housed in the recess 35 (see Figures 11 and 12), so the pillar 5 does not become thicker and the design is further improved.

[0054] This simple structure (second embodiment) comprises a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, a rear girder 2, an intermediate girder 77, and a column 5. The pair of side girders 3, 3 and the front girder 1 and rear girder 2 form a framework on all four sides. An intermediate girder 77 is erected between the side girders 3, 3 near one longitudinal side of the side girders 3, 3. Rafters 43, 44 are erected at intervals between the side girders 3, 3. The intermediate girder 77 is supported at its longitudinal middle by a single column 5, and each of the pair of side girders 3, 3 is supported on the other longitudinal side by a single column 5 (see FIG. 20). This reduces the number of columns 5, thereby simplifying construction. Furthermore, even if there are obstacles on the ground, the simple structure can be installed by positioning the columns 5 to avoid the obstacles, thereby enabling more effective use of the site. In this simple structure, the pitch P between the rafters 44 is the same as the pitch P between the intermediate girder 77 and the rafters 44, and the intermediate girder 77 can be freely attached at the position where the rafters 44 are attached (see Figure 22), which makes it possible to further simplify construction when installing the intermediate girder 77.

[0055] This simple structure (third embodiment) comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80, which are of different heights and arranged side by side in the width direction, each having girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7, with the girder 3 of the lower structure 80 attached to the side of the column 5 supporting the girder 3 of the higher structure 79. By adjusting the heights of the first structure 79 and the other structures 80 according to their respective uses and the conditions of the installation location (see Figure 24), it is possible to construct a simple structure that suits the shape of the site, the layout of the building, the purpose of installation, etc., and moreover, since the number of columns 5 can be reduced compared to installing two structures separately, construction can be simplified. The structures 79, 80 can be any of a carport, cycle port, approach, and gate roof, and by adjusting the height and freely combining these structures 79, 80, a simple structure suited to the purpose of installation can be provided. Also, by adjusting the height of each structure 79, 80 according to the difference in height of the ground G at the location where one structure 79 and another structure 80 are to be installed, a simple structure suited to the conditions of the installation location can be provided. This simple structure comprises one structure 79 and another structure 80 arranged side by side, and a bracket 81 connecting the two structures; the first structure 79 is taller than the other structure 80, and the first structure 79 and the other structure 80 each have girders 1, 2, and 3 and a roof 7; the bracket 81 is attached to the side of the column 5 supporting the girder 3 of the first structure 79, and the girder 3 of the other structure 80 is held by the bracket 81 (see Figure 24), which simplifies the construction of the two structures 79 and 80 of different heights. The mounting position of the bracket 81 can be freely changed in the longitudinal direction of the column 5 of one structure 79, so that it can flexibly accommodate changes in the height of the other structure 80.

[0056] This simple structure (first and second embodiments) comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3 and a front girder 1 and a rear girder 2 all around, a roof 7 provided on the inner periphery of the frame 4, and a ceiling material 60 attached to the underside of the roof 7. The ceiling material 60 is arranged in a direction parallel to the side girders 3, 3 and is attached in a line in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear girders 1, 2 between the pair of side girders 3, 3 (see Figures 4 and 21). This means that the number of ceiling materials 60 can be reduced compared to when the ceiling materials 60 are arranged in a direction parallel to the front and rear girders 1, 2, thereby simplifying construction. The ceiling material 60 extends to below the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 (see Figure 7), so when looking up at the ceiling 8 from below, the front girders 1 and rear girders 2 are hidden by the ceiling material 60 and cannot be seen, resulting in a good design. In addition, a column 5 is attached to either the front girder 1 or the rear girder 2, and a trim 62 is attached to the inner peripheral side of the girder 1, 2 to which the column 5 is attached or to the inner peripheral side of the column 5, and the trim 62 hides the edge of the ceiling material 60 (see Figure 18), so the design is good even when the column 5 is attached to the front girder 1 or the rear girder 2.

[0057] The ceiling structure (ceiling 8 of the simplified structure of the first embodiment) according to the invention of claim 1 comprises one panel (left panel) 60a and another panel (right panel) 60b, the other panel 60b having an attachment portion 63 for attaching to a base material 61, an abutting portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and a locking portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63 at one end 106, the abutting portion 64 having an inclined surface, and the one panel 60a has an engaging portion 66 provided on the base material 61 side and an abutting portion (protrusion) 104 provided on the other side of the engaging portion 66 at the other end portion 105, and the engaging portion 66 of one panel 60a is engaged with the engaging portion 65 of the other panel 60b, and the abutting portion 104 of one panel 60a abuts against the abutting portion 64 of the other panel 60b (see Figure 6), which makes it possible to install the panels 60 easily and stably, thereby simplifying construction work. The other panel 60b has an attachment portion 63 to the base material 61, an abutment portion 64 located on the other side of the attachment portion 63, and an engagement portion 65 located on one side of the attachment portion 63, all of which are continuous with one side end portion 106, thereby simplifying the shape of the one side end portion 106 and making it less likely for water, debris, etc. to accumulate. Furthermore, since the abutment portion 104 of one panel 60a is provided spaced apart from the engaging portion 66 on the other side, it is easy to engage the engaging portion 66 with the engaging portion 65 of the other panel 60b and to abut the abutment portion 104 against the abutment portion 64 of the other panel 60b, improving the ease of installation and stability of the panel 60.

[0058] This ceiling structure (ceiling 8 of the simple structure of the first embodiment) comprises panels 60, 60, ... that are installed side by side, and an end panel 68, and the end panel 68 has a start material 69 and an adjustment material 70, the start material 69 is arranged on the panel 60 side and is engaged with the edge of the end panel 60, and the adjustment material 70 is arranged on the end side of the start material 69 and hides the start material 69 and the edge of the end panel 60 that is engaged with the start material 69 (see Figure 6), so that it can flexibly accommodate differences in dimensions in the direction in which the panels 60 are arranged, thereby simplifying construction. The adjusting member 70 has a good design because the mounting screws 73 are hidden by the batten 74.

[0059] This structure (the simplified structure of the first and fourth embodiments) comprises girders (front girder 1, rear girder 2, and side girder 3) and columns 5 supporting girders 1, 2, and 3. Girders 1, 2, and 3 have recesses 10 along their longitudinal direction on their undersides, and the upper ends of columns 5 are embedded in the recesses 10 and fixed to the undersides of girders 1, 2, and 3 (see Figure 9), making it easy to connect the upper ends of columns 5 to girders 1, 2, and 3 and simplifying construction. Moreover, the recesses 10 of girders 1, 2, and 3 are covered with battens 11 except for the areas where columns 5 are embedded, resulting in good design. This structure (simple structure of the fourth embodiment) has a portion in the longitudinal direction of the girder (front girder 1) where a decorative material (screen) 95 is attached instead of attaching a batten 11 to the recess 10, and the decorative material 95 is arranged from below the girder 1 toward the ground G (see Figures 29 and 30), so that by utilizing the recess 10 of the girder 1, the installation of the decorative material 95 can be simplified. In this structure (simple structure of the fourth embodiment), lattices 97 are attached at intervals to a batten (upper cross member) 98 to form a lattice unit 96 (see Figures 29 and 30). Therefore, multiple lattices 97, 97, ... can be attached to the underside of the girder at once as a lattice unit 96, which simplifies construction compared to attaching lattices 97 one by one to the underside of the girder.

[0060] This simple structure (first embodiment) comprises a frame 4 that frames a pair of side girders 3, 3, a front girder 1, and a rear girder 2, and a cover 28. The longitudinal end faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 abut against the inner peripheral side faces of the side girders 3, 3, and the cover 28 is attached to the outer peripheral side faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2. By hiding the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 with the cover 28 (see Figure 2), there is no need to attach caps individually to the longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3, simplifying construction. The longitudinal end faces of the side girders 3, 3 and the outer peripheral side faces of the front girder 1 and the rear girder 2 are continuously covered with the cover 28, which also improves design. By attaching covers to the side girders 3, 3 as well, the appearance around the frame 4 can be unified and the same shape material can be used for the girders 1, 2, 3 on all four sides. Furthermore, by attaching a laminate sheet to the cover 28, the design can be improved.

[0061] This simple structure (first embodiment) comprises girders (front girders 1, rear girders 2, side girders 3), battens 11, and batten fall prevention parts 23. The girders 1, 2, and 3 have recesses 10 on their undersides, and the battens 11 are fitted and attached to the recesses 10 of the girders 1, 2, and 3. The batten fall prevention parts 23 are inserted from below between the side walls 15 of the girders 1, 2, and 3 and the side walls 20 of the batten 11, and their upper ends are attached to the side walls 20 of the batten 11. The lower end of the batten 11 engages with a step 26 provided on the batten 11, and the lower end engages with a step 18 provided on the side wall 15 of the girders 1, 2, and 3, thereby preventing the batten 11 from falling (see Figure 15).Therefore, after fitting and installing the batten 11 in the recess 10, simply insert the batten fall prevention part 23 from below between the side wall 15 of the girders 1, 2, and 3 and the side wall 20 of the batten 11, thereby reliably preventing the batten 11 from falling and simplifying installation. The batten fall prevention part 23 has a locking piece 25 that locks onto the batten 11 and the step parts 26, 18 of the girders 1, 2, 3. The locking piece 25 becomes almost vertical when inserted between the girders 1, 2, 3 and the side walls 15, 20 of the batten 11, and when inserted, it locks onto the batten 11 and the step parts 26, 18 of the girders 1, 2, 3 in an inclined state (see Figure 16), making it easy to install the batten fall prevention part 23 and reliably preventing the batten 11 from falling.

[0062] This simple structure (third embodiment) comprises a pillar 5 and a bracket 81 for connecting another structure 80 to the pillar 5. The bracket 81 has a bracket main body 82 attached to the side of the pillar 5 and a back plate 83 provided inside the pillar 5. The back plate 83 is held slidably in the longitudinal direction of the pillar 5 and is positioned by engaging with an engaging portion (screw) 85 protruding from the outside of the pillar 5 into the pillar 5 (see Figure 25). This means that the back plate 83 placed inside the pillar 5 can be easily positioned in a predetermined position, making it easy to install the bracket 81 and simplifying construction. The back plate 83 has a notched lower portion to form an engaged portion 86 to which the engaging portion 85 is engaged, so that the engaging portion 85 fits into the space where the bracket body 82 is attached and the engaging portion 85 does not protrude from the bracket body 82. Furthermore, the bracket body 82 has a wall 92 that hides the bolt 90 for fixing the bracket body 82 to the pillar 5, so that the bolt 90 is not exposed, improving the design.

[0063] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The material and cross-sectional shape of the panels can be changed as needed. The present invention is not limited to the ceilings of simple structures such as carports, but can be used for any ceiling constructed by arranging and attaching panels. [Explanation of symbols]

[0064] 1 Previous digit (digit) 2 Rear digits (digits) 3 Stringer (girder) 4 frames 5 pillars 7. Roof 8 Ceiling (ceiling structure) 10 recess 11. Mesh board 23. Anti-fall parts for battens 42 Guttering material (guttering section) 43 Gable rafters 44 Rafters 49 Auxiliary gutter 55 Downspout 56 Downspout 60 Ceiling material (panel) 60a First Panel 60b Other panels 61 Undercoat 63 Mounting part 64 Contact part 65 Locking part 66 Locked part 68 End Panel 69 Starting material 70 Adjustment material 77 Middle girder 79 One Structure 80 Other Structures 81 Bracket 82 Bracket body 82 Back plate 85 Screw (locking part) 95 Screen (decorative material) 96 Lattice Unit

Claims

[Claim 1] A ceiling structure comprising one panel and another panel, the other panel having at one end thereof an attachment portion for attaching to the base material, an abutment portion located on the other side of the attachment portion, and an engaging portion located on one side of the attachment portion, the abutment portion being located on the other side of the edge of the wall on which the attachment portion is provided and forming an inclined surface, the one panel having at its other end thereof an engaged portion provided on the base material side and an abutted portion provided on the other side of the engaged portion, the engaged portion of the one panel being engaged with the engaging portion of the other panel, and the abutted portion of the one panel being abutted against the abutment portion of the other panel.

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