Lubricating oil base oil

Abstract

To provide a synthetic lubricant base oil with a high viscosity index while having a practical pour point as a lubricant base oil for internal combustion engines.SOLUTION: A lubricant base oil contains a poly internal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm2 / s or less at 100°C.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to lubricating base oils. [Background technology]

[0002] Lubricating oils are used in a variety of fields where friction reduction is required. Traditionally, natural oils and refined petroleum products have been used, but in recent years, synthetic lubricating oils have been synthesized and used according to the application. Synthetic esters, in particular, have excellent thermal stability, and specific examples include organic acid esters, phosphate esters, and silicate esters.

[0003] Generally, lubricating oils with a high viscosity index (VI), i.e., a small difference in viscosity between low and high temperatures, have excellent fuel economy. Currently, poly-α-olefins having 10 carbon atoms are used as lubricating base oils on the market because of their high viscosity index and low pour point (for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-224893 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In order to further increase the viscosity index of poly-alphaolefins, it is necessary to increase the carbon number of the alpha-olefins used to polymerize the poly-alphaolefins. However, there has been a problem in that poly-alphaolefins obtained by polymerizing alpha-olefins with a large carbon number have a high pour point and cannot be used as lubricating base oils.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic lubricating base oil that has a practical pour point as a lubricating base oil for internal combustion engines and a high viscosity index. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention relates to a composition containing polyinternal olefin and having a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 / s or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a synthetic lubricating base oil that has a practical pour point as a lubricating base oil for internal combustion engines and a high viscosity index. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] <Lubricant base oil> The lubricating base oil of this embodiment contains a polyinternal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 The lubricating base oil is the main component of a lubricating oil composition, and is used by blending it with various additives that impart various functions to the lubricating oil composition.

[0010] [Internal Polyolefin] The polyinternal olefin is an olefin polymer containing an internal olefin having a double bond inside the olefin chain, and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. 2 / s or less, preferably 200 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 100 mm 2 / s or less, more preferably 20 mm 2 / s or less.

[0011] The average DBP value (average value of double bond positions) in the olefin containing the internal olefin is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 3 or more, and even more preferably 4 or more from the viewpoint of pour point, and is preferably 8 or less, more preferably 6 or less, and even more preferably 4 or less from the viewpoint of viscosity index. In this specification, the average DBP value in the olefin is measured by the method described in the Examples.

[0012] The average carbon number of the olefins containing the internal olefins is preferably 16 or more, more preferably 17 or more, and even more preferably 18 or more, from the viewpoint of viscosity index, and is preferably 22 or less, more preferably 20 or less, from the viewpoint of pour point.

[0013] From the viewpoint of fuel economy, the viscosity index (VI) of the polyinternal olefin is preferably at least 100, more preferably at least 130, and even more preferably at least 140. In this specification, the viscosity index means a viscosity index measured in accordance with JIS K 2283.

[0014] From the viewpoint of the usable temperature, the pour point of the polyinternal olefin is preferably 0° C. or lower, more preferably −10° C. or lower. In this specification, the pour point means the pour point measured in accordance with JIS K 2269.

[0015] From the viewpoint of viscosity index, the content of the polyinternal olefin in the lubricating base oil is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, even more preferably 50% by mass or more, even more preferably substantially 100% by mass, and even more preferably 100% by mass. In this specification, "substantially 100% by mass" refers to a state in which trace amounts of impurities and the like are inevitably contained.

[0016] The polyinternal olefin can be obtained by polymerizing an olefin containing the internal olefin by a known method. From the viewpoint of pour point, the content of the internal olefin in the olefin containing the internal olefin is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, even more preferably 98% by mass or more, and still more preferably 100% by mass.

[0017] <Lubricating oil composition> The lubricating oil composition of this embodiment contains the lubricating base oil. From the viewpoint of viscosity index, the content of the lubricating base oil in the lubricating oil composition is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, even more preferably 50% by mass or more, even more preferably substantially 100% by mass, and even more preferably 100% by mass.

[0018] The lubricating oil composition may contain other additives as needed, provided that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of such additives include detergents, dispersants, antioxidants, oiliness improvers, antiwear agents, extreme pressure agents, rust inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, antifoaming agents, emulsifiers, demulsifiers, fungicides, and solid lubricants.

[0019] The lubricating oil composition can be used for combustion-based lubricating oils such as gasoline engine oils, diesel engine oils, and marine engine oils, as well as non-combustion-based lubricating oils such as gear oils, automatic transmission oils, hydraulic oils, fire-retardant hydraulic fluids, refrigeration oils, compressor oils, vacuum pump oils, bearing oils, insulating oils, turbine oils, sliding surface oils, rock drill oils, metal processing oils, plastic processing oils, heat treatment oils, and greases. The lubricating oil composition of the present invention can also be used for sliding parts, such as rotary sliding parts like plain bearings, surface sliding parts like thrust bearings, and slide sliding parts like splines, and can be used in lubrication methods for the spline parts of clutch discs, the shaft and gear bore bearing parts of transmissions, the spline parts of hub sleeves, metal-supported parts of various parts, and the spline parts of gear shift operating systems. [Example]

[0020] The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Various measurement and evaluation methods are as follows.

[0021] <Measurement method> [Method for measuring double bond distribution of olefin] The double bond distribution of olefins was measured by gas chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as GC). Specifically, olefins were reacted with dimethyl disulfide to form dithiolated derivatives, and then each component was separated by GC. The double bond distribution of olefins was determined from each peak area. The equipment and analytical conditions used for the measurement are as follows: GC device: Product name HP6890 (manufactured by Hewlett Packard) Column: Ultra-Alloy-1HT capillary column, 30 m x 250 μm x 0.15 μm (Frontier Labs) Detector: Hydrogen flame ionization detector (FID) Injection temperature: 300℃ Detector temperature: 350℃ Oven: 60°C (0 min) → 2°C / min → 225°C → 20°C / min → 350°C → 350°C (5.2 min)

[0022] [Calculation method for DBP average value (average value of double bond positions)] For example, if the double bond distribution is C1 position: a mass %, C2 position: b mass %, C3 position: c mass %, C4 position: d mass %, C5 position: e mass %, C6 position: f mass %, C7 position: g mass %, C8 position: h mass %, C9 position: i mass % (total 100 mass %), the DBP average value is (1×a+2×b+3×c+4×d+5×e+6×f+7×g+8×h+9×i) / 100 When multiple peaks overlapped, the area was allocated equally to each peak and the average DBP value was calculated.

[0023] [Method for measuring the content ratio of structural isomers] Mix 0.05g of alkyl glyceryl ether, 0.2g of trifluoroacetic anhydride, and 1g of deuterated chloroform. 1 Measurement was carried out by H-NMR under the following conditions: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer: Agilent 400-MR DD2, manufactured by Agilent Technologies Observation range: 6410.3Hz Data points: 65536 Measurement mode: Presat Pulse width: 45° Pulse delay time: 10 seconds Number of times accumulated: 128

[0024] <Example of production of olefin containing internal olefin having 18 carbon atoms> [Production Example of Olefin 1] A reactor equipped with a stirrer was charged with 800 kg (3.0 kmol) of 1-octadecanol (Kao Corporation, Kalcol 8098) as the raw material alcohol and 80 kg (10% by mass based on the raw material alcohol) of activated alumina GP-20 (Mizusawa Industrial Chemicals, Ltd.) as the solid acid catalyst. The reaction was carried out for 16 hours at 280 °C with stirring while circulating nitrogen (15 L / min) through the system. After completion of the reaction, the alcohol conversion was 100%, and the C18 internal olefin purity was 98.7%. The obtained crude C18 internal olefin was transferred to a distiller and distilled at 163-190 °C / 4.6 mmHg to obtain an olefin (olefin 1) containing C18 internal olefins with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 1 was 0.3 mass% at C1, 13.3 mass% at C2, 12.6 mass% at C3, 13.9 mass% at C4, 14.8 mass% at C5, 13.7 mass% at C6, 12.6 mass% at C7, and 18.8 mass% in total at C8 and C9.

[0025] [Production Example of Olefin 2] A flask equipped with a stirrer was charged with 7000 g (25.9 mol) of 1-octadecanol (Kao Corporation, Kalcol 8098) as the raw material alcohol and 700 g (10% by mass based on the raw material alcohol) of γ-alumina (STREM Chemicals, Inc.) as the solid acid catalyst. The reaction was carried out for 10 hours at 280°C with stirring while circulating nitrogen (7 L / min) through the system. After completion of the reaction, the alcohol conversion was 100%, and the C18 internal olefin purity was 98.2%. The obtained crude C18 internal olefin was transferred to a distillation flask and distilled at 148-158°C / 0.5 mmHg to obtain an olefin (olefin 2) containing C18 internal olefin with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 2 was 0.8% by mass at C1, 31.3% by mass at C2, 22.9% by mass at C3, 15.5% by mass at C4, 10.8% by mass at C5, 7.2% by mass at C6, 5.3% by mass at C7, and 6.2% by mass in total at C8 and C9.

[0026] [Production Example of Olefin 3] A flask equipped with a stirrer was charged with 7000 g (28.9 mol) of 1-hexadecanol (Kao Corporation, Kalcol 6098) as the raw material alcohol and 700 g (10% by mass based on the raw material alcohol) of γ-alumina (STREM Chemicals, Inc.) as the solid acid catalyst. The reaction was carried out for 5 hours at 280°C with stirring while circulating nitrogen (7 L / min) through the system. After completion of the reaction, the alcohol conversion was 100%, and the C16 internal olefin purity was 99.7%. The obtained crude C16 internal olefin was transferred to a distillation flask and distilled at 136-160°C / 4.0 mmHg to obtain an olefin (olefin 3) containing C16 internal olefin with 100% olefin purity. The double bond distribution of the obtained olefin 3 was 0.5% by mass at C1, 16.5% by mass at C2, 15.4% by mass at C3, 16.4% by mass at C4, 17.2% by mass at C5, 14.2% by mass at C6, and 19.8% by mass in total at C7 and C8.

[0027] <Method for preparing polyolefin> [Production example of polyinternal olefin 1] A reactor equipped with a stirrer was charged with 2.21 mol of olefin 1 and 0.11 mol of aluminum chloride (Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a catalyst, and the mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 120°C for 10 hours to carry out the reaction. After that, 88 g of a 15% by mass aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added and stirred to deactivate the catalyst, followed by washing with water. Further, light components were removed at 180°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure), yielding polyinternal olefin 1.

[0028] [Production example of polyinternal olefin 2] The polyinternal olefin 1 was loaded into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and distilled. The temperature was increased and the pressure was reduced to 300°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure), and the distillate was collected and designated as polyinternal olefin 2.

[0029] [Production example of polyinternal olefin 3] Polyinternal olefin 3 was prepared in the same manner as polyinternal olefin 1, except that olefin 2 was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0030] [Production example of polyinternal olefin 4] The polyinternal olefin 3 was loaded into a reactor equipped with a stirrer and distilled. The temperature was increased and the pressure was reduced to 300°C and 5 torr (gauge pressure). The distillate was collected and designated as polyinternal olefin 4.

[0031] [Production example of polyinternal olefin 5] Polyinternal olefin 5 was prepared in the same manner as polyinternal olefin 1, except that olefin 3 was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0032] [Production example of poly-alpha-olefin 1] Polyα-olefin 1 was prepared in the same manner as described for polyinternal olefin 1, except that C18α-olefin (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of olefin 1 as a raw material.

[0033] [Production example of poly-alpha-olefin 2] Polyα-olefin 2 was prepared in the same manner as described for polyinternal olefin 5, except that C16 α-olefin (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of olefin 3 as a raw material.

[0034] <Evaluation method> [Evaluation of dynamic viscosity] The kinematic viscosity was evaluated using a Stabinger kinematic viscometer (SVM3000, manufactured by Anton Paar) that meets the accuracy requirements of ASTM D7042, and was measured at 40°C and 100°C (mm 2 / s) was measured.

[0035] [Viscosity index (VI)] The viscosity index was calculated from the kinematic viscosity obtained in the above kinematic viscosity evaluation in accordance with JIS K2283.

[0036] [Evaluation of Pour Point] The pour point (°C) was measured by the method according to JIS K2269.

[0037] The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] [Table 1]

[0039] Examples 1 to 5 have a high viscosity index while having a practical pour point. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a high kinematic viscosity at 100°C and a high viscosity index, but also a high pour point.

Claims

1. Contains polyinternal olefin and has a kinematic viscosity of 1,000 mm at 100°C. ２ / s or less, the polyinternal olefin is an olefin polymer containing an internal olefin, the olefin has an average DBP value of 2 or more and 8 or less, The lubricating base oil has a polyinternal olefin content of 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less.

2. 2. The lubricating base oil according to claim 1, wherein the olefins have an average carbon number of 16 or more and 22 or less.

3. 2. The lubricating base oil according to claim 1, wherein the content of the internal olefins in the olefins is 90 mass% or more.

4. A lubricating oil composition comprising the lubricating base oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images