Laminated film materials, processes for their manufacture, and their uses

Abstract

Provided herein is a laminated film with an active agent, such as a volatile antimicrobial agent, suitable for use as a food packaging material. Bags made from such laminated films and methods for manufacturing such laminated films are also provided herein. In one embodiment, the laminated film comprises a barrier film comprising a barrier resin encased in a permeable resin, a permeable film comprising the permeable resin, and a liquid active agent comprising a liquid volatile compound, wherein the barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable, an interface is formed between the barrier film and the permeable film, and the liquid active agent is applied at the interface to match the surface energy of the resin at the interface and bond the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] (Cross-reference of related applications) This application claims priority and interest in U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 006,323, filed on April 7, 2020, whose entire disclosure is incorporated herein by reference as a whole.

[0002] (Field) This disclosure relates, in general, to laminated films, and more specifically to laminated films having antimicrobial properties suitable for use as food packaging materials. [Background technology]

[0003] As consumers become increasingly aware of the benefits of healthy eating, the demand for fresh, high-quality, and nutritious foods is rising. However, preserving and maintaining the quality of fresh food products is a major concern for the food industry, as many fresh food items, such as fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy products, are perishable and have limited shelf lives. The relatively short shelf lives of such perishable items frequently lead to increased production and distribution costs, along with an increased risk of foodborne illnesses. To overcome the challenges presented during the storage, transport, and handling of perishable foods, it is desirable to have functional packaging systems that improve food quality and safety by reducing microbial growth.

[0004] Antimicrobial packaging is one such promising technology, which may involve integrating antimicrobial agents into food packaging and subsequently delivering them over time to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms affecting food products, thereby increasing the shelf life of food products. Several strategies have been developed for antimicrobial packaging: contact antimicrobial packaging (antimicrobial agents such as silver or triclosan are embedded in the inner layer of the packaging film, and the film comes into contact with the food, preventing bacterial growth at the interface); vapor-releasing films (volatile components are embedded within the packaging film, and they are released into the packaging after the food is loaded and sealed); coated films (solid or liquid antimicrobial agents are applied by a coating method to the surface of the film that comes into contact with the food); and microencapsulated agents (coacervate components are applied to the surface of the packaging). However, known methods and devices of antimicrobial packaging are limited in their effectiveness in preventing food spoilage and may impair the flavor, color, smell, texture, and / or other properties of food articles. In addition, the cost of producing such antimicrobial packaging often hinders the widespread use of this technology.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for improved packaging materials that provide effective antimicrobial protection for food products, and for efficient methods for producing such materials. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Laminated film materials having antimicrobial properties suitable for use as food packaging materials, and methods for producing these film materials are provided herein.

[0007] In some aspects, a laminated film is provided comprising a barrier film having a barrier resin encapsulated within a permeable resin, a permeable film having the permeable resin, and a liquid activator comprising a liquid volatile compound. In some embodiments, the barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. An interface is formed between the barrier film and the permeable film. In some embodiments, the liquid activator is applied at the interface to match the surface energy with the resin at the interface and / or at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. In some variations, the liquid activator is applied at the interface to at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. In one variation, the liquid activator is applied at the interface to match the surface energy with the resin at the interface and at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface.

[0008] In other aspects, a laminated film bag is provided comprising a first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin; a first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin; and a liquid activator comprising a volatile compound. In some embodiments, the barrier films and permeable films are thermoplastic and weldable. An interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and an interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film. In some embodiments, the liquid activator is applied at each interface to match the surface energy with the resin and / or at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at each interface. In some embodiments, the liquid activator is applied at each interface to at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at each interface. In some embodiments, the liquid activator is applied at each interface to match the surface energy with the resin and at least partially bond the barrier film and the permeable film at each interface. In some embodiments, the sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films, and the top of the bag has a temporary seal.

[0009] In one aspect, a wicket-shaped bag is provided, the wicket-shaped bag comprising a plurality of arbitrary laminated film bags as described herein, the bags being stacked, attached together, and forming a bundle.

[0010] In other aspects, a laminated film bag containing a food product is provided, comprising a first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin; a first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin; and a liquid activator comprising a volatile compound. In some embodiments, the sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all the permeable and barrier films. In some embodiments, the food product is positioned within the space between the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film. In one embodiment, the space generates a low vapor concentration partial pressure that draws the liquid activator into the space containing the food product. In some of the aforementioned modifications, the barrier films and permeable films are thermoplastic and weldable. An interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and an interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film. In some variations, when the liquid surfactant is present at the interface, it matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface and / or at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. In some variations, when the liquid surfactant is present at the interface, it matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. In some variations, when the liquid surfactant is present in a space containing a food product, it is in the form of a vapor.

[0011] In other aspects, a method for manufacturing multiple laminated film bags is provided, the method comprising: a) providing a roll of wall film having a barrier resin encased in a permeable resin; b) providing a roll of permeable film having a permeable resin; c) orienting the barrier film and permeable film toward a lamination nip; d) dispensing a liquid activator onto the surface of the barrier film prior to pulling the barrier film and permeable film through the lamination nip; e) pulling the barrier film and permeable film through the lamination nip, thereby coating the barrier film and permeable film with liquid activator to produce a laminated film; f) heat-sealing the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of liquid activator; g) folding the heat-sealed film using a V-folder, such that the permeable film becomes the adjacent inner permeable layer and the barrier film becomes the outer barrier layer; and h) cutting and sealing the folded film to produce multiple laminated film bags.

[0012] In another aspect, laminated film bags produced by any of the manufacturing methods described herein are provided.

[0013] The laminated film bags provided herein can be used as packaging materials for various products, including food products. In some variations, the food products are perishable. Suitable food products may include, for example, bread. The present invention provides, for example, the following items: (Item 1) A laminated film, wherein the film is A barrier film comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A transparent film equipped with a transparent resin, Liquid activators containing liquid volatile compounds and Equipped with, The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the barrier film and the permeable film, A film in which the liquid activator is applied at the interface and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. (Item 2) The aforementioned barrier resin is (i) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above. The film described in item 1, which is equipped with the features described in item 1. (Item 3) The film according to item 1 or 2, wherein the barrier film further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin. (Item 4) The film according to item 3, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a high surface energy relative to the permeable resin. (Item 5) The aforementioned adhesive resin is (i) Maleic anhydride polymer, or (ii) Ethylene-grafted maleic anhydride, or anhydride-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (iii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted maleic anhydride (AMP), or any combination thereof. Or any combination of the above. A film as described in item 3 or 4, which is equipped with the features described in item 3 or 4. (Item 6) The film according to any one of items 1-5, wherein the permeable resin comprises a thermoplastic resin. (Item 7) The permeable resin is a film according to any one of items 1-6, comprising a polyolefin. (Item 8) The polyolefin is the film according to item 7, which allows the diffusion of the liquid activator. (Item 9) The aforementioned permeable resin is (i) polyethylene, or (ii) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. A film having any one of items 1-6. (Item 10) The liquid activator comprises at least one antimicrobial agent, as described in any one of items 1-9. (Item 11) The aforementioned liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof A film having any one of the features described in item 1-10. (Item 12) The liquid activator is used to match the surface energy of the resin at the interface, as described in any one of items 1-11, for the film. (Item 13) A laminated film bag, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin, Liquid surfactants containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film, The liquid activator is applied at each interface, and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at each interface. The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The top of the bag has a temporary seal. (Item 14) The bag described in item 13, wherein the top of the bag has a zipper seal. (Item 15) A bag wicket, wherein the bag wicket comprises a plurality of the laminated film bags described in item 13 or 14, The aforementioned bags are stacked, attached together, and form a bundle, a wicket of bags. (Item 16) A laminated film bag containing food products, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin, Liquid surfactants containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The food product is positioned within the space between the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film. The space generates a low vapor concentration partial pressure that draws the liquid activator into the space containing the food product. The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film, When the liquid activator is present at the interface, it at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. The liquid activator is in the form of vapor when present in the space containing the food product, in a bag. (Item 17) The aforementioned food product is perishable, as described in item 16. (Item 18) The aforementioned food product is a loaf of bread, as described in item 16 or 17. (Item 19) The aforementioned barrier resin is (i) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, or (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above. A bag having any of the features described in item 13-18. (Item 20) The bag according to any one of items 13-19, wherein the barrier film further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin. (Item 21) The bag according to item 20, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a high surface energy with respect to the permeable resin. (Item 22) The aforementioned adhesive resin is (i) Maleic anhydride polymer, or (ii) Ethylene-grafted maleic anhydride, or anhydride-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (iii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted maleic anhydride (AMP), or any combination thereof. Alternatively, the bags described in item 20 or 21, comprising any combination of the above. (Item 23) The bag according to any one of items 13-22, wherein the permeable resin comprises a thermoplastic resin. (Item 24) The bag according to any one of items 13-22, wherein the permeable resin comprises a polyolefin. (Item 25) The polyolefin is a bag according to item 24, which allows the diffusion of the liquid activator. (Item 26) The aforementioned permeable resin is (i) polyethylene, or (ii) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. A bag having any of the features described in item 13-22. (Item 27) The liquid activator comprises at least one antimicrobial agent, as described in any one of items 13-26. (Item 28) The aforementioned liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof A bag having any of the features described in item 13-26. (Item 29) The bag according to any one of items 13-28, wherein the liquid activator, when present at the interface, matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface. (Item 30) A method for manufacturing multiple laminated film bags, wherein the method is a) To provide a roll of wall film having a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, b) To provide a roll of permeable film equipped with a permeable resin, c) Orienting the barrier film and the permeable film toward the laminated nip, d) Dispensing a liquid activator onto the surface of the barrier film prior to pulling the barrier film and the permeable film through the laminated nip, The surface of the barrier film is adjacent to the permeable film, and the liquid activator comprises a volatile compound. e) Pulling the barrier film and the permeable film through the laminated nip, thereby coating the liquid activator between the barrier film and the permeable film, to produce a laminated film, The interface is formed by the barrier film and the permeable film, at least a portion of the barrier film is thermoplastically welded to the permeable film at the interface, and the liquid activator at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. f) To minimize the loss of the liquid activator, the edges of the laminated film are heat-sealed, g) Using a V-folder, the heat-sealed film is folded so that the permeable film becomes an adjacent inner permeable layer and the barrier film becomes an outer barrier layer. h) Cutting and sealing the folded film to produce the multiple laminated film bags. Methods that include... (Item 31) The liquid activator, according to the method of item 30, matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface. (Item 32) Laminated film bags produced by the method described in item 30 or 31. (Item 33) A laminated film bag as described in either item 13-29 or 32 for use as food product packaging. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] This application can be best understood by referring to the following description, which is assumed to be in conjunction with the accompanying diagrams, which may be referenced by the same numbers.

[0015] [Figure 1] Figure 1 depicts an exemplary laminated film with a liquid surfactant.

[0016] [Figure 2] Figure 2 depicts an exemplary laminated film bag containing a food product.

[0017] [Figure 3] Figures 3, 4A, and 4B provide an overview of an exemplary process for manufacturing a laminated film bag. [Figure 4] Figures 3, 4A, and 4B provide an overview of an exemplary process for manufacturing a laminated film bag.

[0018] [Figure 5] Figure 5 illustrates a roll of permeable and barrier film in the manufacturing of a laminated film bag.

[0019] [Figure 6A] Figures 6A and 6B illustrate the dispensing of the liquid activator between the film layers. [Figure 6B]Figures 6A and 6B illustrate the dispensing of the liquid activator between the film layers.

[0020] [Figure 7A] Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate sealing and cutting the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of liquid activator within the film layer. [Figure 7B] Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate sealing and cutting the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of liquid activator within the film layer. [Figure 7C] Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate sealing and cutting the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of liquid activator within the film layer.

[0021] [Figure 8] Figure 8 illustrates folding a sealed laminated film using a V-folder.

[0022] [Figure 9] Figure 9 illustrates the process of cutting and sealing the folded laminated film inside the bag. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] The following descriptions describe exemplary configurations, systems, methods, parameters, and equivalents. However, it should be recognized that such descriptions are not intended as limitations on the scope of this disclosure, but rather are provided as descriptions of exemplary embodiments.

[0024] Laminated films and laminated bags having antimicrobial properties suitable for use as food packaging materials are provided herein. Generally, a laminate is a combination of two dissimilar layers, each providing a distinct function so that they together form a high-performance material. The bags provided herein have an outer member that provides barrier properties to liquid surfactants.

[0025] In some aspects, a laminated film is provided which contains a liquid activator between at least two films. In some modifications, the barrier film is laminated together with a permeable layer, and an interface is formed between the barrier film and the permeable film. In one modification, the liquid activator is present at an intermediate interface between the barrier and the permeable layer.

[0026] In one aspect, a laminated film is provided comprising (i) a barrier film having a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, (ii) a permeable film having a permeable resin, and (iii) a liquid activator having a volatile compound.

[0027] In other aspects, bags or a plurality of bags produced from such laminated films are provided. In some embodiments, the laminated film bag comprises (i) a first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encapsulated within a permeable resin; (ii) a first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin; and (iii) a liquid activator comprising a volatile compound. The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all the permeable and barrier films. In some modifications, the top of the bag has a temporary seal.

[0028] In some embodiments of the aforementioned films and bags, a liquid surfactant is applied at the interface between the barrier film and the permeable film. The liquid surfactant bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface, at least partially, without the need for an adhesive or film. In some modifications, the liquid surfactant bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface, at least partially, by a weak bonding force.

[0029] Due to the nature of bag formation, it is not necessary to have laminated layers that are adhesively bonded to each other. In some embodiments, the laminated layers are held together by light to adjust adhesion, and this is achieved by using the wetting properties of a liquid at the interface of the two film layers. In some modifications, as described herein, the liquid activator in the film and bag can bond the barrier and permeate films at least partially by non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces, or van der Waals forces. Furthermore, in some modifications, the difference between atmospheric pressure and the vapor pressure of the liquid activator affects its ability to bond the barrier and permeate films at least partially. In one modification, the barrier film and the permeate film are held together at least partially, while at least a portion of the liquid activator at the interface exists in a liquid phase state.

[0030] While not constrained by theory, the type of adhesion used is based on the dispersed and diffusive properties of the system described. The system utilizes the interface formed by each of two layers that will be combined with a selected liquid activator. The liquid activator is applied at the interface (e.g., in a uniform coating). In some embodiments, the liquid activator has the property of matching the surface energy with the material that makes up the interface between the two layers. This is not a strong adhesion as might be found with adhesives or epoxy-based adhesives. This is because the liquid activator does not possess strong bonding force. Bonding force is generally recognized as the strength of one material to prevent itself from splitting. The laminated films and bags provided herein require very little adhesion for the final product to function well, as the edges of the product are sealed using thermoplastic welding when the pouch is formed. These seals combine each layer of two or more layers of polymer film along a specific line along the edge of the pouch.

[0031] In some embodiments, thermoplastic welding uses pressure and heat to achieve homogeneous adhesion of two or more layers of polymer film. As pressure is applied over the layers of film to achieve welding, the liquid activator (e.g., liquid) is squeezed out from the interface by the applied pressure. This results in close contact at the interface, then mixing of the molecular chains of the interfacial polymer, and thus resulting in adhesion (welding). In some modifications, there are four layers of film, each of two layers containing a liquid activator within the interface, and each of the two layers is stacked together at the point where the side of the bag is sealed, creating four layers with liquid.

[0032] The composition of laminated films and bags produced from such laminated films, and methods for manufacturing such bags, are described in more detail below.

[0033] (Laminated film and film bags) In some embodiments, a laminated film is provided comprising a barrier film having a barrier resin encapsulated within a permeable resin, a permeable film having a permeable resin, and a liquid activator comprising a volatile compound. In some modifications, the barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastically weldable. In one modification, the liquid activator is applied at the interface formed by the barrier film and the permeable film. In one modification, the liquid activator matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface and / or bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface. In another modification, the liquid activator bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface. In yet another modification, the liquid activator matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface and bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1, an exemplary laminated film is depicted. The laminated film 100 consists of a barrier film 102 and a permeable film 104. The barrier film 102 consists of a permeable resin 106 (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE) and an adhesive resin 108 (e.g., anhydrous resin). Malein The barrier resin 110 (e.g., EVOH, PVDC) is included. The permeable film 104 includes a permeable resin (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE). A liquid activator 112 (e.g., VOC) is applied at the interface between the barrier film 102 and the permeable film 104.

[0035] Figure 1 lists some exemplary materials that may be used for different parts of the laminated film. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, the permeable resin 106 may include, for example, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and / or very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE). The adhesive resin 108 may be, for example, anhydrous Malein It may contain acids. The barrier resin 110 may contain, for example, ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) and / or polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC). However, it should be understood that in other exemplary embodiments, other materials described herein may be suitable for use as resins in the barrier and permeable layers.

[0036] Barrier films generally have the ability to restrict the passage of gases, vapors, and organic liquids. As depicted in Figure 1, an exemplary laminated film 100 has a barrier resin 110 encapsulated by a permeable resin 106. Furthermore, an adhesive resin 108 bonds the permeable resin and the barrier resin.

[0037] Preferred permeable resins are typically high-permeability materials, and preferred barrier resins are typically low-permeability materials. As used herein, in some variations, the term “permeability” refers to the amount of gas or vapor that can pass through a particular area of ​​a material over a specified period of time. Examples of gases or vapors include O2, N2, helium, water, organic vapors, polar vapors, and non-polar vapors. In other variations, the term “permeability” refers to the amount of liquid that can pass through a particular area of ​​a material over a specified period of time. Permeability differs with respect to each gas or vapor or liquid, and it can be tested using different sensors. For the purposes of this disclosure, “water vapor permeability” (MVTR) or “oxygen permeability” (OTR) may be used instead of permeability of the active ingredient through the material. As used herein, the term “water vapor transmission rate” (MVTR) or “water vapor transmission rate” (WVTR) refers to the rate at which water vapor penetrates a material under specified conditions of temperature and relative humidity, which is known to those skilled in the art and can be determined according to a test procedure (number IST-70.4-99) standardized by INDA (Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics Industry) and incorporated herein by reference. MVTR or WVTR is typically expressed in g / m². 2 / day or g / in 2 Measured in units of / day. As used herein, the term “oxygen permeability” (OTR) refers to the rate at which oxygen gas penetrates through a material under specified conditions of temperature and relative humidity. OTR is typically expressed in cc / m³. 2 / day or cc / in 2 Measurements are taken on a daily basis. Any suitable technique known in the art for determining vapor permeability may be employed. For example, a permeable layer pouch is prepared using a predetermined amount of liquid activator, and the pouch is then measured over time to determine the permeation of the vaporized liquid.

[0038] In some embodiments, the permeable resin is 20 g / m² at approximately room temperature. 2MVTR of 5,000 cc / m or more per day and / or OTR of 5,000 cc / m or more per day at approximately room temperature. 2 It includes materials having an OTR of 100 cc / m or less and / or an MVTR of 1 g / m or less per day. In some embodiments, the permeable resin includes unbranched or short-branched polyethylene, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), very-low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, mineral-filled (e.g., calcium carbonate, talc) polymers targeted for film production, or polypropylene targeted for porous films (e.g., including beta nucleating agents). Any suitable combination of the permeable resins described herein may also be used.

[0039] In some embodiments, the barrier resin includes materials having an MVTR of 1 g / m or less per day and / or an OTR of 100 cc / m or less per day, and preferably an OTR lower than 10 cc / m per day. In some variations, the barrier resin includes polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), or polymers with high aspect ratio clay. In other variations, the barrier resin includes nylon and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Any suitable combination of the barrier resins described herein may also be used. 2 / day or less, and / or an OTR of 100 cc / m 2 / day or less, and preferably, an OTR lower than 10 cc / m 2 / day.

[0040] It includes materials having an OTR of 100 cc / m or less and / or an MVTR of 1 g / m or less per day. In some embodiments, the permeable resin includes unbranched or short-branched polyethylene, low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), very-low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, mineral-filled (e.g., calcium carbonate, talc) polymers targeted for film production, or polypropylene targeted for porous films (e.g., including beta nucleating agents). Any suitable combination of the permeable resins described herein may also be used. In some variations, the adhesive resin includes an anhydride Malein polymer. In one variation, the adhesive resin includes ethylene-grafted anhydride Malein acid, or anhydride-modified polyethylene. In still other variations, the adhesive resin includes ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), and ethylene-grafted anhydride Malein acid (AMP). Any suitable combination of the adhesive resins described herein may also be used.

[0041] The type of adhesive resin selected may depend on the barrier resin used. For example, in one modified case, ethylene grafted anhydrous resin is used. Malein The acid is used in the adhesive resin for ethylene vinyl alcohol barrier resins. In another variation, ethylene vinyl acetate and / or ethylene methyl acrylate may be used in the adhesive resin for polyvinylidene chloride barrier resins. In yet another variation, ethylene acrylic acid may be used in the adhesive resin for PET barrier resins. In yet another variation, ethylene grafted anhydride Malein Acids can be used in adhesive resins for ethylene vinyl alcohol barrier resins.

[0042] Referring again to Figure 1, the liquid activator 112 may be a volatile organic compound (VOC). In some variations, the liquid activator includes a volatile agent. In some variations, the liquid activator includes an antimicrobial agent. Suitable antimicrobial agents may include, for example, ethyl pyruvate, 1-butanol, 3-methyl acetate, diallyl thiosulfinate, cinnamaldehyde, citral, thymol, menthol, eugenol, and / or carvacrol. Other activators may include insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, plant growth regulators, and / or insect behavior regulators. Any suitable combination of the liquid activators described herein may also be used.

[0043] Referring again to Figure 1, the liquid surfactant 112 is distributed at the interface between the barrier film and the permeable film. In some modifications, the liquid surfactant may be applied as a uniform coating at the interface. In another modification, the liquid surfactant is uniformly distributed at the interface. However, in yet another modification, the liquid may not be uniformly distributed at the interface. There may be areas at the interface with the liquid surfactant and other areas without the liquid surfactant.

[0044] The distribution of liquid surfactant within a laminated film depends on the concentration of the liquid surfactant at two points in the material along the interface (e.g., g / m³). 2This can be analyzed by comparing the following: In some variations, uniform distribution of a liquid surfactant refers to the difference in concentration of the liquid surfactant at two points in the material along the interface, which is less than 0.1%, less than 0.2%, less than 0.3%, less than 0.4%, less than 0.5%, less than 0.6%, less than 0.7%, less than 0.8%, less than 0.9%, less than 1%, less than 2%, less than 3%, less than 4%, less than 5%, less than 6%, less than 7%, less than 8%, less than 9%, or less than 10%.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2, the exemplary laminated film bag 200 contains a food product. The food product depicted in Figure 2 is a loaf of bread, but it should be understood that in other exemplary embodiments, the laminated film bag may contain other food products or other or perishable articles or materials. The laminated film bag 200 includes two sides that enclose the food product, each side comprising an inner permeable film 202 and an outer barrier film 204, and a liquid activator 206 is applied at the interface of the two films. As used herein, the term “interior” refers to the direction in which the film is used to enclose or contain an article. As used herein, the term “exterior” refers to the direction away from the direction in which the laminated film is used to enclose or contain an article.

[0046] There are at least three parameters that determine the rate at which liquid activators are released from the film. (1) Diffusion coefficient of liquid surfactants through polymer films (generally related to chain length, polymer density, and average diameter of volatile compounds) (2) The sorption coefficient of liquid surfactants through a polymer film (generally related to the solubility of the liquid in the polymer at the inlet side and desorption at the outlet side). (3) System temperature

[0047] Liquid activators migrate from the interface between the barrier film and the permeate film into the polymer matrix of the permeate film at a rate governed by the sorption parameter. The diffusion coefficient governs the migration rate of liquid activator molecules through the polymer matrix of the permeate film. This rate is based on the local concentration difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the polymer matrix. When the outlet side has a lower concentration of vapor (liquid activator) than the inlet side, the vapor will migrate towards the outlet.

[0048] The air flowing towards the outlet of the polymer matrix is ​​either saturated with vapor or not. If the air is saturated, the vapor concentration along the thickness of the polymer matrix (permeable film) is the same (equivalent) and has no gradient. When there is no gradient, there is no net transfer. When the vapor concentration at the outlet of the polymer matrix accumulates towards the point of saturation, the net flow of the liquid activator through the polymer matrix stops.

[0049] If the vapor concentration at the outlet is not saturated, net vapor transfer through the vapor polymer matrix exists at a rate governed by permeability. This net transfer will continue indefinitely until the outlet concentration increases to the saturation point of the specific vapor being transferred, or until the inlet concentration becomes lower than the outlet concentration.

[0050] When multiple activating liquids are present as a mixture, each volatile liquid will have its own set of factors such as diffusion coefficient and sorption, and will provide a partial concentration or pressure at the outlet point.

[0051] The volatile liquid activator remains trapped within the interface between the barrier film and the permeable film until the bag is opened and the vapor pressure (concentration) decreases at the interface between the two opposing permeable layers. The liquid activator begins to exhibit net migration through the permeable film until the two permeable film layers come into contact again, either by saturating the vapor pressure of the liquid activator near the permeable layer or by completely discharging the liquid activator from the barrier-permeable interface.

[0052] (Manufacturing method) In some respects, methods for manufacturing the laminated films and film bags described herein are also provided herein. In some embodiments, the manufacture of a laminated film bag includes printing a barrier film, wet laminating a permeable film, mechanically welding the edges of the laminated film, mechanically folding the film, and shaping the folded film into a bag. In some variations, the bag shaping step includes heat sealing, cutting, optionally stacking, and / or wicket forming.

[0053] In one respect, a method for manufacturing multiple laminated film bags is provided, comprising the following steps: a) To provide rolls of wall film. b) To provide a roll of transparent film. c) Orienting the barrier film and the permeable film toward the laminated nip. d) Dispense the liquid activator onto the surface of the barrier film prior to pulling the barrier film and permeable film through the lamination nip. e) To produce a laminated film by pulling the barrier film and the permeable film through a lamination nip. f) Heat-seal the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of liquid surfactant. g) Using a V-folder, the heat-sealed film is folded so that the permeable film becomes the adjacent inner permeable layer and the barrier film becomes the outer barrier layer. h) Cutting and sealing the folded film to produce multiple laminated film bags.

[0054] Referring to Figure 3, an outline of an exemplary process 300 for manufacturing a laminated film bag is provided. In step 1), a permeable film 302 and a barrier film 304 are provided. In step 2), the permeable and barrier films are combined with a liquid activator 306 to produce a laminated film. The liquid activator bonds the permeable film and the barrier film at least partially at its interface. In step 3), the edges of the laminated film are sealed or welded together, trapping the liquid activator between the permeable and barrier films. In step 4), the sealed laminated film is folded. Finally, in step 5), the folded laminated film is cut to form a laminated film bag.

[0055] Referring to Figures 4A and 4B, an exemplary system 400 for manufacturing a laminated film bag is provided. A roll of permeate film 402 and a roll of barrier film 404 are provided on separate rolls. To produce the laminated film, before the permeate film and barrier film are pulled through the lamination nip, a liquid nozzle 406 is positioned to dispense a liquid activator onto the surface of the permeate film. The liquid nozzle is depicted in Figure 4B, but it should be understood that other suitable liquid dispensers may be used in the system. Once the laminated film is formed, an edge sealing machine 408 is positioned to seal or weld the edges of the sides of the laminated film, which traps the liquid activator between the permeate film and the barrier film. A folder 410 is then positioned downstream of the edge sealing machine to fold, seal, weld, and cut the folded laminated film, producing a laminated film bag with the inner permeate film and outer barrier film.

[0056] Figure 5-9 provides further details about the manufacturing process.

[0057] Figure 5 illustrates the permeable film 502 and barrier film 504 of an exemplary roll. The permeable film 502 comprises a permeable resin (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE). The barrier film 504 comprises a permeable resin 506 (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE) and an adhesive resin 508 (e.g., anhydrous Malein It comprises an acid and a barrier resin 510 (e.g., EVOH, PVDC).

[0058] Figures 6A and 6B depict the wet lamination of a permeable film with a barrier film to produce a laminated film with a liquid activator scattered at the interface of the two films. Referring to Figure 6B, the permeable film 602 contains a permeable resin (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE). The barrier film 604 contains a permeable resin 606 (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE) and an adhesive resin 608 (e.g., anhydrous Malein The solution comprises an acid and a barrier resin 610 (e.g., EVOH, PVDC). A liquid activator 612 (e.g., VOC) is dispensed by a liquid activator dispenser 614 to be applied at the interface between the barrier film 604 and the permeable film 602.

[0059] Referring to Figures 6A and 6B, the permeable film 602 descends vertically from the upper roll. The barrier film 604 enters the roller horizontally from the lower roll as it is unwound. Just before both films 602 and 604 meet in the roller, a liquid activator (e.g., ethyl pyruvate) is applied to the permeable film 602 for encapsulation. Referring to Figure 6A, the bracket 618 holds the injector tube 616 (e.g., a stainless steel tube), allowing the injector tube 616 to be positioned tangentially to the vertical permeable film 602. In some embodiments, the injector tube 616 has multiple holes 620 (four representative holes are depicted in the figure) for dispensing or injecting the liquid activator. In some embodiments, the injector tube is made of stainless steel and has 308 laser-drilled holes with a diameter of 0.008 inches, spaced 0.13 inches apart at 40 inches from the center of a 72-inch tube. In some embodiments, the 0.008-inch diameter holes in the injection tube are spaced 0.13 inches apart along the length of the injector tube through which the liquid activator is dispensed. Typical lines of the liquid activator 622 can be seen between the films. In some embodiments, if the film is less than 40 inches wide, a heat-shrink sleeve 624 (e.g., a black heat-shrink sleeve) is placed over the injector tube to block some of the holes.

[0060] Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate the sealing and cutting of a laminated thermoplastic film 700, which consists of a permeable film 702 and a barrier film 704. The permeable film 702 contains a permeable resin (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE). The barrier film 704 contains a permeable resin 706 (e.g., LLDPE, LDPE, VLDPE) and an adhesive resin 708 (e.g., anhydrous MaleinThe solution comprises an acid and a barrier resin 710 (e.g., EVOH, PVDC). A liquid activator 712 (e.g., VOC) is applied at the interface between the barrier film 704 and the permeable film 702. Figures 7A and 7C depict the sealing process, in which the thermoplastic film layers are melted together during the sealing process, and the sealing process creates a weld, fixing the liquid activator within the film layers. This is carried out in the processing direction, also known as the “machining direction”. Referring to Figure 7A, 714 refers to a heated steel or aluminum rod in contact with the surface of the thermoplastic film. Figure 7B depicts the cutting process, in which two thermoplastic films are melted together and cut across the layers of film. This is carried out in the transverse direction, also known as the “cross-machining direction”. Referring to Figure 7B, the sealing rod 716 is a heated steel or aluminum rod in contact with the surface of the thermoplastic film with the blades of an integrated cutting machine, which cuts the edge along area 718, which is the side sealing and cutting area. 720 shows a close-up view of the sealing rod squeezing the liquid activator out of the area to be welded. In some modifications, as depicted in Figure 7B, the thermoplastic PE layers are melted together during the sealing process, which produces a weld and fixes the liquid activator within the film layer. This is done in the transverse direction, also known as the cross-machining direction. 722 refers to an exemplary embodiment of a cut and sealed bag. Figure 7C depicts a diagram of the seal in the processing direction 724 (also known as the machine direction or material flow direction), which shows two edge seals 726, each side of the web as close to the edge as possible, which can contain the liquid activator.

[0061] Figure 8 illustrates the folding of the laminated film using a V-folder. 802 points to the processing direction, 804 points to the permeable side of the structure, and 806 points to the barrier side of the structure.

[0062] Figure 9 illustrates the cutting and sealing of folded laminated film into bags. Multiple bags are stacked and tied together to form a bag wicket. Referring to Figure 9, 902 refers to the processing direction, 904 refers to the permeable side of the structure, 906 refers to the barrier side of the structure, 908 refers to the bag machine, 910 refers to the side sealing and cutting, and 912 refers to the stacker / wicketta.

[0063] (Use of laminated film and film bags) Laminated films and film bags described herein can be used as packaging materials for any suitable product. In some embodiments, laminated films and film bags are used to package perishable products such as food, feed, or agricultural products. Examples of food products include cheese, cream cheese, shredded cheese, cottage cheese, processed cheese, sour cream, dried fermented meat products, wine, beer, yogurt, juice and other beverages, salad dressings, cottage cheese dressings, dips, bakery products (e.g., bread) and bakery fillings, surface sugar syrups and sugar coatings, spreads, pizza toppings, confectionery and confectionery fillings, olives, olive brine, olive oil, juice, tomato puree and paste, seasonings, and fruit pulp and similar food products. Examples of feed products include pet food, broiler feed, etc. Examples of agricultural products include grains, fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, and ornamental plants. When used as an agricultural film, the film may contain insecticides as activators. In one embodiment, the laminated film and film bag are used to package organs or tissues.

[0064] (Enumerated embodiments) The embodiments listed below represent some of the most representative aspects of the present invention. (Embodiment 1) A laminated film, wherein the laminated film is A barrier film comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A transparent film equipped with a transparent resin, Liquid activators containing liquid volatile compounds and Equipped with, Barrier films and permeable films are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by a barrier film and a permeable film. The liquid surfactant is applied at the interface, and at the interface, its surface energy is matched with that of the resin, thereby bonding the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface. Laminated film. (Embodiment 2) The barrier resin is (i) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above, The film according to Embodiment 1, including the film described above. (Embodiment 3) The film according to Embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the barrier film further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin. (Embodiment 4) The film according to Embodiment 3, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a high surface energy relative to the permeable resin. (Embodiment 5) The adhesive resin is (i)Anhydrous Malein Acid polymer, or (ii) Ethylene-grafted anhydrous Malein Acid, or anhydrous-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (iii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), Ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted anhydride Malein Acids (AMP), or any combination thereof, Or any combination of the above. A film according to embodiment 3 or 4, comprising the features described above. (Embodiment 6) The film according to any one of Embodiments 1-5, wherein the permeable resin comprises a thermoplastic resin. (Embodiment 7) The film according to any one of Embodiments 1-6, wherein the permeable resin comprises a polyolefin. (Embodiment 8) The film according to Embodiment 7, wherein the polyolefin allows for the diffusion of a liquid activator. (Embodiment 9) The permeable resin is (i) polyethylene, or (ii) A film according to any one of Embodiments 1-6, comprising low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. (Embodiment 10) The liquid activator comprises at least one antimicrobial agent, the film according to any one of Embodiments 1-9. (Embodiment 11) Liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof A film according to any one of embodiments 1-10, comprising the following: (Embodiment 12) A laminated film bag, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin, Liquid surfactants containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, Barrier films and permeable films are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by a first outer barrier film and a first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by a second outer barrier film and a second inner permeable film. The liquid surfactant is applied at each interface, and at each interface, its surface energy is matched with that of the resin, thereby bonding the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at each interface. The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The top of the bag has a temporary seal. (Embodiment 13) The bag according to Embodiment 12, wherein the top of the bag has a zipper seal. (Embodiment 14) A bag wicket comprising a plurality of laminated film bags as described in Embodiment 12 or 13, A wicket of bags, where bags are stacked, attached together, and form a bundle. (Embodiment 15) A laminated film bag containing a food product, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, each independently comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, each independently comprising a permeable resin, Liquid surfactants containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The food product is positioned within the space between the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film. The space generates a low vapor concentration partial pressure that draws liquid activators into the space containing food products. Barrier films and permeable films are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by a first outer barrier film and a first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by a second outer barrier film and a second inner permeable film. When the liquid surfactant is present at the interface, it matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface, and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. Liquid surfactants, when present in a space containing food products, are in the form of vapors, such as in a bag. (Embodiment 16) A bag according to Embodiment 15, in which a food product is perishable. (Embodiment 17) The bag according to Embodiment 15 or 16, wherein the food product is a loaf of bread. (Embodiment 18) The barrier resin is (i) polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above. A bag according to any one of embodiments 12-17, comprising: (Embodiment 19) The bag according to any one of Embodiments 12-18, wherein the barrier film further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin. (Embodiment 20) The bag according to Embodiment 19, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a high surface energy with respect to the permeable resin. (Embodiment 21) The adhesive resin is (i)Anhydrous Malein Acid polymer, or (ii) Ethylene-grafted anhydrous Malein Acid, or anhydrous-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (iii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted anhydrous Malein Acids (AMP), or any combination thereof, Alternatively, the bag according to embodiment 19 or 20, comprising any combination of the above. (Embodiment 22) The bag according to any one of Embodiments 12-21, wherein the permeable resin is a thermoplastic resin. (Embodiment 23) The bag according to any one of Embodiments 12-22, wherein the permeable resin comprises a polyolefin. (Embodiment 24) The bag according to Embodiment 23, wherein the polyolefin allows for the diffusion of a liquid activator. (Embodiment 25) The permeable resin is (i) polyethylene, or (ii) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. A bag according to any one of embodiments 12-22, comprising the features described herein. (Embodiment 26) The bag according to any one of Embodiments 12-25, wherein the liquid activator comprises at least one antimicrobial agent. (Embodiment 27) Liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof A bag according to any one of embodiments 12-26, comprising the following: (Embodiment 28) A method for manufacturing multiple laminated film bags, wherein the method is: a) To provide a roll of wall film comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, and b) To provide a roll of permeable film comprising a permeable resin. c) Orienting the barrier film and the permeable film toward the laminated nip, d) Dispensing a liquid activator onto the surface of the barrier film prior to pulling the barrier film and permeable film through the laminated nip, wherein the surface of the barrier film is adjacent to the permeable film, and the liquid activator comprises a volatile compound. e) The barrier film and the permeable film are stretched through a lamination nip, thereby applying a liquid surfactant between the barrier film and the permeable film to produce a laminated film, wherein an interface is formed between the barrier film and the permeable film, at least a portion of the barrier film is thermoplastically welded to the permeable film at the interface, and the liquid surfactant matches the surface energy of the resin at the interface, thereby bonding the barrier film and the permeable film at least partially at the interface. f) Heat-seal the edges of the laminated film to minimize the loss of the liquid activator, g) Using a V-folder, the heat-sealed film is folded so that the permeable film becomes the adjacent inner permeable layer and the barrier film becomes the outer barrier layer. h) A method comprising cutting and sealing folded film in order to produce multiple laminated film bags. (Embodiment 29) A laminated film bag produced by the method described in Embodiment 28. (Embodiment 30) A laminated film bag according to any one of embodiments 12-27 and 29 for use as food product packaging.

[0065] (Examples) The subject matter of this disclosure will be better understood by referring to the following examples, which are provided not for limitation but as illustrative examples of the invention.

[0066] (Example 1: Laminated film bag) This example illustrates the manufacture of a laminated film bag suitable for use as food packaging.

[0067] The rolls of packaging film were obtained. One film roll was an LLDPE monolayer film (1.0 mil (25.4 μm, i.e., 1 / 1000 of an inch) and 40 inches wide, with a density of 0.918 g / cc resin) for use as a permeable layer. The other roll was a barrier film consisting of five layers (LLDPE / adhesive / EVOH / adhesive / LLDPE) with a thickness of 1.0 mil and a width of 40 inches. The adhesive was resin-based and anhydrous. Malein It was an acid. Ethyl pyruvate was obtained with a purity level of 97%.

[0068] A double winding release device was used to deliver two films to a lamination nip. In the lamination nip, a tube with a series of holes was placed between the two layers of film, close to the two nip rolls. A variable peristaltic pump was used to deliver liquid to the tube at a specified rate of 50 ml per minute. Two zipper fin sealing machines were placed on either edge of the lamination film to provide two edge seals. The fin sealing temperature was adjusted to 300 degrees Fahrenheit. The edges were tested for seal strength using a tensile testing machine to indicate the breaking seal strength. The film was then transported to a steady V folder and folded in half in the direction of the machine, with an offset of approximately 2 inches on one side. The resulting width of the folded film was 21 inches, including a 2-inch offset reserved for the wicket hole and 19 inches reserved for the bag body. The folded film was then transported to a bag sealing machine, which included a hole-punching unit to provide the wicket hole to be used within the wicketer section. The film was then transported to a reciprocating side-sealing machine to produce and cut leading and trailing bag seals. Since the bags were produced continuously from a continuous flow of film, leading and trailing bags were always present and separated in the sealing and cutting sections of the bag machine. The cutting and sealing temperature was set to 700 degrees Fahrenheit, and the machine speed was set to 200 cycles per minute. The bags were transported by a vacuum arm to the wicket branching point and stacked until an automatic counting machine completed bundles of 100 bags. Double bags were produced with or without liquid activator. The two bag types were weighed, and the activator loading concentration was determined by subtracting the average weight of the standard bag from the average weight of the liquid-filled bags, resulting in 0.26 grams of liquid per bag. The bags were stored in high-barrier pouches for one month. Each bag was pulled out of its barrier pouch, weighed, and placed on a hanger inverted for 24 hours. The bags were then weighed again, and the average weight loss of the 12 bags was calculated to be 0.24 grams.

Claims

1. A laminated film, wherein the film is A barrier film comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A transparent film comprising the aforementioned transparent resin, Liquid activators containing liquid volatile compounds and Equipped with, The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the barrier film and the permeable film, A film in which the liquid activator is applied at the interface and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface.

2. The aforementioned barrier resin is (i) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above. The film according to claim 1, comprising the features described above.

3. The film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the barrier film further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin.

4. The film according to claim 3, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a higher surface energy than the permeable resin.

5. The aforementioned adhesive resin is (i) Ethylene-grafted maleic anhydride, or anhydride-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (ii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted maleic anhydride (AMP), or any combination thereof. Or any combination of the above. The film according to claim 3 or 4, comprising the features described above.

6. The film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permeable resin comprises a thermoplastic resin.

7. The film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the permeable resin comprises a polyolefin.

8. The film according to claim 7, wherein the polyolefin enables the diffusion of the liquid activator.

9. The aforementioned permeable resin is (i) Polyethylene, or (ii) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

10. The film according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the liquid activator comprises at least one antibacterial agent.

11. The aforementioned liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof. A film according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:

12. A laminated film bag, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, wherein each of the first outer barrier film and the second outer barrier film independently comprises a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, wherein each of the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film independently comprises the permeable resin, Liquid activators containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film, The liquid activator is applied at each interface, and at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at each interface. The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The top of the bag has a temporary seal.

13. The bag according to claim 12, wherein the top of the bag has a zipper seal.

14. A bag wicket, the bag wicket comprising a plurality of the laminated film bags according to claim 12 or 13, The aforementioned bags are stacked, attached together, and form a bundle, a wicket of bags.

15. A laminated film bag containing food products, wherein the bag is A first outer barrier film and a second outer barrier film, wherein each of the first outer barrier film and the second outer barrier film independently comprises a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, A first inner permeable film and a second inner permeable film, wherein each of the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film independently comprises a permeable resin, Liquid activators containing volatile compounds and Equipped with, The sides and bottom of the bag are heat-sealed through all permeable and barrier films. The food product is positioned within the space between the first inner permeable film and the second inner permeable film. The space generates a low vapor concentration partial pressure that draws the liquid activator into the space containing the food product. The barrier film and the permeable film are thermoplastic and weldable. The interface is formed by the first outer barrier film and the first inner permeable film, and the interface is formed by the second outer barrier film and the second inner permeable film, When the liquid activator is present at the interface, it at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. The liquid activator is in the form of vapor when present in the space containing the food product, in a bag.

16. The bag according to claim 15, wherein the food product is easily spoiled.

17. The bag according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the food product is one loaf of bread.

18. The aforementioned barrier resin is (i) Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), or a combination thereof, (ii) Nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or any combination thereof Or any combination of the above. A bag according to any one of claims 12-17, comprising:

19. The bag according to any one of claims 12-18, wherein at least one of the first and second barrier films further comprises an adhesive resin positioned between the barrier resin and the permeable resin.

20. The bag according to claim 19, wherein the adhesive resin comprises a polymer having a higher surface energy than the permeable resin.

21. The aforementioned adhesive resin is (i) Ethylene-grafted maleic anhydride, or anhydride-modified polyethylene, or a combination thereof, (ii) Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), or ethylene grafted maleic anhydride (AMP), or any combination thereof. Alternatively, the bag according to claim 19 or 20, comprising any combination of the above.

22. The bag according to any one of claims 12-21, wherein the permeable resin comprises a thermoplastic resin.

23. The bag according to any one of claims 12-21, wherein the permeable resin comprises a polyolefin.

24. The bag according to claim 23, wherein the polyolefin allows the diffusion of the liquid activator.

25. The aforementioned permeable resin is (i) Polyethylene, or (ii) Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), very low-density polyethylene (VLDPE), or linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), or any combination thereof. A bag according to any one of claims 12-21, comprising:

26. The bag according to any one of claims 12-25, wherein the liquid activator comprises at least one antimicrobial agent.

27. The aforementioned liquid activator is (i) Flavonoids, thiosulfinic acids, glucosinolates, phenols, organic acids, or saponins, or any combination thereof, (ii) Terpenes, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, or isoflavonoids, or any combination thereof, (iii) Ethyl pyruvate, ethanol, thymol, eugenol, D-limonene, carvacrol, vanillin, allicin, cinnamaldehyde, or allyl isothiocyanate, or any combination thereof. A bag according to any one of claims 12-25, comprising:

28. A method for manufacturing multiple laminated film bags, wherein the method is a) To provide a roll of barrier film comprising a barrier resin encased within a permeable resin, b) To provide a roll of permeable film equipped with the permeable resin, c) Orienting the barrier film and the permeable film toward the laminated nip, d) Dispensing a liquid activator onto the surface of the barrier film prior to pulling the barrier film and the permeable film through the laminated nip, The surface of the barrier film is adjacent to the permeable film, and the liquid activator comprises a volatile compound. e) Pulling the barrier film and the permeable film through the laminated nip, thereby coating the liquid activator between the barrier film and the permeable film, to produce a laminated film, The interface is formed by the barrier film and the permeable film, at least a portion of the barrier film is thermoplastically welded to the permeable film at the interface, and the liquid activator at least partially bonds the barrier film and the permeable film at the interface. f) To minimize the loss of the liquid activator, the edges of the laminated film are heat-sealed, g) Using a V-folder to fold the heat-sealed film, wherein the permeable film becomes an adjacent inner permeable layer, and the barrier film becomes an outer barrier layer. h) Cutting and sealing the folded film to produce the plurality of laminated film bags. Methods that include...

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