Washing device

Abstract

This cleaning device 1 comprises: a base 8 which supports a liquid injection member 2 that injects an electrolyte to a battery case; a cleaning unit 10 which sprays a cleaning fluid onto the liquid injection member 2 that is supported by the base 8; and an inspection unit 12 which inspects the spraying condition of the cleaning fluid by receiving the sprays of cleaning fluid from the cleaning unit 10.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a cleaning device.

Background Art

[0002] In the field of manufacturing batteries such as lithium-ion secondary batteries, generally, after accommodating an electrode body in a battery case, an electrolyte is injected into the battery case to manufacture a battery. For injecting the electrolyte into the battery case, an electrolyte supply device is used. The electrolyte supply device has a cylindrical liquid injection member (also referred to as a liquid injection pot) into which the battery case is inserted, and injects the electrolyte from the liquid injection member into the battery case.

[0003] During repeated liquid injection processes, the electrolyte may crystallize on the surface of the liquid injection member. When crystallization of the electrolyte occurs, problems such as variations in the amount of electrolyte injected may occur. For this reason, it was necessary to periodically remove the liquid injection member from the electrolyte supply device and clean it. This cleaning operation is generally performed manually, which is very laborious and time-consuming, and there is a problem that the removal of the cleaning liquid may be incomplete. In contrast, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an electrolyte supply device incorporating a cleaning device for the liquid injection member.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] As a result of intensive studies on the cleaning device for the liquid injection member, the present inventors have found that there is room for improvement in the conventional cleaning device in terms of improving the cleaning quality.

[0006] This disclosure is made in view of these circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a technology for improving the cleaning quality of an electrolyte injection component used for injecting electrolyte into a battery case. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] One aspect of the present disclosure is a cleaning device. This cleaning device comprises a base for supporting an electrolyte injection member for injecting electrolyte into a battery case; a cleaning unit for spraying cleaning fluid onto the electrolyte injection member supported on the base; and an inspection unit for inspecting the spraying state of the cleaning fluid by receiving the spray from the cleaning unit.

[0008] Any combination of the above components, as well as any conversion of the expressions of this disclosure between methods, apparatus, systems, etc., are also valid forms of this disclosure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to this disclosure, it is possible to improve the cleaning quality of the liquid injection member used for injecting electrolyte into a battery case. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of a cleaning device according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2(A) is a schematic diagram showing the washing process. Figure 2(B) is a schematic diagram showing the drying process. [Figure 3] Figure 3(A) is a schematic diagram showing how cleaning fluid is sprayed onto the liquid receiving section. Figure 3(B) is a schematic diagram showing how the imaging unit images the liquid receiving section. [Figure 4] Figure 4(A) is a plan view of the liquid receiving section. Figure 4(B) is a side view of the liquid receiving section. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of a modified cleaning device. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0011] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings, based on preferred embodiments. The embodiments are illustrative and not limiting, and not all features or combinations thereof described in the embodiments are necessarily essential to the present disclosure. The same or equivalent components, members, and processes shown in each drawing are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted where appropriate. The scale and shape of each part shown in each drawing are set for convenience to facilitate explanation and are not to be interpreted restrictively unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, where terms such as "first," "second," etc. are used in this specification or claims, unless otherwise specified, these terms do not indicate any order or importance, but are used to distinguish one configuration from another. In addition, some components that are not important for explaining the embodiments are omitted in each drawing.

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cleaning device 1 according to an embodiment. The cleaning device 1 is a device for cleaning an electrolyte injection member 2 that injects electrolyte into a battery case. The electrolyte injection member 2, also called an electrolyte injection pot, is a hollow cylindrical shape, and electrolyte is supplied from the main body side of the electrolyte supply device. The battery case containing the electrode body is inserted into the inside of the electrolyte injection member 2 with the opening of the case facing the electrolyte injection member 2 side. Then, electrolyte is injected into the battery case from the electrolyte injection member 2. As an example, the electrolyte injection member 2 takes the form of an electrolyte injection chamber 4 in which a plurality of electrolyte injection members 2 are arranged, as shown in Figure 1. The electrolyte injection chamber 4 is detachably provided to the main body of the electrolyte supply device. As an example, the electrolyte injection chamber 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped that is long on one side, and a plurality of electrolyte injection members 2 are arranged on one side thereof. The plurality of electrolyte injection members 2 are lined up in the longitudinal direction of the electrolyte injection chamber 4. Note that the arrangement and number of electrolyte injection members 2 are not particularly limited.

[0013] The cleaning device 1 comprises a housing recess 6, a base 8, a cleaning section 10, an inspection section 12, and a drying section 14. The housing recess 6 is a box-shaped space provided in the housing 16 of the cleaning device 1, and houses the base 8, the cleaning section 10, the inspection section 12, and the drying section 14. The housing recess 6 has an opening on the front of the device, and the liquid injection chamber 4 is inserted into and removed from the housing recess 6 through this opening.

[0014] The base 8 supports the liquid injection member 2, which is to be cleaned. In this embodiment, the base 8 supports the liquid injection chamber 4. One end of the liquid injection chamber 4 in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the base 8. The base 8 is connected to the drive unit 20 via a rotating shaft 18. The drive unit 20 can be made up of a known motor. The rotating shaft 18 is connected to the output shaft of the drive unit 20 and rotates around the shaft when driven by the drive unit 20. The base 8 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft 18. This makes it possible to change the orientation of the liquid injection chamber 4 mounted on the base 8, and consequently, the orientation of the liquid injection member 2.

[0015] The cleaning unit 10 sprays cleaning liquid L onto the liquid injection members 2 supported by the base 8. The cleaning liquid L is not particularly limited, but for example, it is water. In this embodiment, the cleaning unit 10 is composed of piping that extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the liquid injection chamber 4. The cleaning unit 10 also has a plurality of spray nozzles 22. The plurality of spray nozzles 22 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the liquid injection chamber 4. The plurality of spray nozzles 22 are also arranged to correspond one-to-one with the plurality of liquid injection members 2. As an example, cleaning liquid L is supplied to the cleaning unit 10 from a tank (not shown) provided in the housing 16. A water pipe is connected to the tank, and water as the cleaning liquid L is supplied from the water pipe. The cleaning unit 10 may also be directly connected to the water pipe. The cleaning liquid L supplied to the cleaning unit 10 is sprayed from each spray nozzle 22 toward each liquid injection member 2 at a predetermined pressure. For example, the cleaning solution after spraying passes through a filtration mechanism (not shown) and is returned to the tank, and then sprayed again from the spray nozzle 22.

[0016] The inspection unit 12 inspects the spray state of the cleaning liquid L by receiving the spray of the cleaning liquid L from the cleaning unit 10. In this embodiment, the inspection unit 12 inspects the spray pressure and spray range of the cleaning liquid L as the spray state of the cleaning liquid L. Note that the inspection items are not limited to spray pressure and spray range, and only one of them may be inspected, or conditions other than pressure and range may be included. The inspection unit 12 also has a liquid receiving unit 26, which is mounted on the base 8. The liquid receiving unit 26 is positioned on the side of the liquid injection chamber 4 mounted on the base 8 (the long side that is in contact with the surface on which the liquid injection member 2 is provided). Note that the liquid receiving unit 26 may also be positioned on the back side of the liquid injection chamber 4 (the side opposite to the surface on which the liquid injection member 2 is provided). The base 8 can be switched between a state where the liquid injection member 2 faces the cleaning unit 10 (see Figure 2(A)) and a state where the liquid receiving unit 26 faces the cleaning unit 10 (see Figure 3(A)). The structure of the inspection unit 12 and the inspections performed by the inspection unit 12 will be described in detail later.

[0017] The drying unit 14 removes the cleaning liquid L adhering to the liquid injection member 2 after cleaning and dries the liquid injection member 2. For example, the drying unit 14 can be made up of a known drying device such as an air knife. As an example, a gas G such as air is supplied to the drying unit 14 from a blower or compressor (not shown) provided in the housing 16. The drying unit 14 removes the cleaning liquid L adhering to the liquid injection member 2 by blowing this gas G onto the liquid injection member 2.

[0018] A control unit 24 is provided inside the housing 16. The control unit 24 controls the operation of the base 8, the cleaning unit 10, the inspection unit 12, and the drying unit 14. The control unit 24 also executes programs for cleaning the liquid injection member 2, drying the liquid injection member 2, and inspecting the spray state of the cleaning liquid L. The control unit 24 is implemented as a hardware configuration using components and circuits such as a computer's CPU and memory, and as a software configuration using computer programs, etc. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the control unit 24 can be implemented in various forms by combinations of hardware and software.

[0019] Next, the cleaning process and drying process of the liquid injection member 2 will be described. FIG. 2(A) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the cleaning process. FIG. 2(B) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the drying process. Note that FIGS. 2(A) and 2(B) illustrate the state inside the housing recess 6 as viewed from the longitudinal direction of the liquid injection chamber 4.

[0020] As shown in FIG. 2(A), when the cleaning process is performed on the liquid injection member 2, the posture of the pedestal 8 is determined so that each liquid injection member 2 faces the cleaning unit 10. In this state, the cleaning liquid L is sprayed from the cleaning unit 10 onto each liquid injection member 2, and each liquid injection member 2 is cleaned. As an example, each liquid injection member 2 repeats slight rotational movements during cleaning. Thereby, the cleaning area of the liquid injection member 2 by the cleaning unit 10 can be expanded. As a result, the cleaning liquid L is sprayed evenly over the entire inside and outside of the liquid injection member 2, and the residue (dirt) such as crystallized electrolytic solution can be suppressed. Note that the injection of the electrolytic solution from the liquid injection member 2 into the battery case is generally performed in a dry air environment with almost no humidity. On the other hand, the cleaning process of the liquid injection member 2 is preferably performed in an atmosphere with a higher humidity than the dry air environment, for example, in the atmosphere. Also, prior to the cleaning process, it is preferable to leave the liquid injection member 2 in the atmosphere for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes or more). Thereby, the crystals of the electrolytic solution adhering to the liquid injection member 2 can be reacted with the moisture in the atmosphere and softened. As a result, it becomes easier to remove the crystals of the electrolytic solution.

[0021] When the cleaning process is completed, as shown in FIG. 2(B), the control unit 24 controls the drive unit 20 to rotate the pedestal 8 so that the liquid injection member 2 faces the drying unit 14. In this state, the drying unit 14 blows the gas G onto the liquid injection member 2 to dry the liquid injection member 2.

[0022] Next, the inspection of the spraying state performed by the inspection unit 12 will be explained. Figure 3(A) is a schematic diagram showing the cleaning liquid L being sprayed onto the liquid receiving unit 26. Figure 3(B) is a schematic diagram showing the imaging unit 28 imaging the liquid receiving unit 26. Figure 4(A) is a plan view of the liquid receiving unit 26. Figure 4(B) is a side view of the liquid receiving unit 26. Figures 3(A) and 3(B) illustrate the inside of the housing recess 6 as seen from the longitudinal direction of the liquid injection chamber 4.

[0023] The inspection unit 12 of this embodiment includes a liquid receiving unit 26 that receives the spray of cleaning liquid L, and an imaging unit 28 that images the liquid receiving unit 26. The liquid receiving unit 26 is mounted on a base 8. The imaging unit 28 is fixed at a predetermined position within the housing recess 6, for example, on the rear side of the liquid injection chamber 4 when viewed from the opening side of the housing recess 6. In inspecting the spraying state of the cleaning liquid L, first, as shown in Figure 3(A), the orientation of the base 8 is set so that the liquid receiving unit 26 faces the cleaning unit 10. In this state, the cleaning liquid L is sprayed from the cleaning unit 10 to the liquid receiving unit 26.

[0024] As shown in Figures 4(A) and 4(B), an example of a liquid receiving unit 26 includes a housing 30, a pressure-sensitive sheet 32, an unwinding roll 34, a rewinding roll 36, and a base plate 38. The housing 30 houses the unwinding roll 34 and the rewinding roll 36.

[0025] The pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​changes color in response to the pressure from the spray of cleaning liquid L. The pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​can be made of, for example, known pressure-sensitive paper. The pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​is a long strip, with one end fixed to the unwinding roll 34 and the other end fixed to the take-up roll 36. In the state before the liquid receiving unit 26 is put into use, substantially the entire pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​is wound around the unwinding roll 34. The flat portion of the pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​that bridges from the unwinding roll 34 to the take-up roll 36 is exposed to the outside of the housing 30 and forms the liquid receiving surface 32a. The cleaning liquid L sprayed from the cleaning unit 10 is blown onto the liquid receiving surface 32a. As a result, the color of the part of the liquid receiving surface 32a to which the cleaning liquid L is sprayed changes.

[0026] Preferably, the distance from each spray nozzle 22 of the cleaning unit 10 to the liquid receiving surface 32a is set to be shorter than the distance from each spray nozzle 22 to each liquid receiving member 2 when the cleaning process of the liquid receiving member 2 is performed. This prevents the cleaning liquid L sprayed from each spray nozzle 22 from being sprayed onto the same area of ​​the liquid receiving surface 32a. In other words, it prevents the individual areas on the liquid receiving surface 32a that receive the cleaning liquid L from each spray nozzle 22 from overlapping with each other.

[0027] A base plate 38 is provided between the liquid receiving surface 32a and the unwinding roll 34 and the winding roll 36. The liquid receiving surface 32a is supported on its underside by the base plate 38. This allows the cleaning liquid L to be sprayed onto the liquid receiving surface 32a in a more stable position. Preferably, a waterproof sheet (not shown) is provided to cover the liquid receiving surface 32a. The spray pressure of the cleaning liquid L is applied to the liquid receiving surface 32a via the waterproof sheet. This reduces the risk of the pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​getting wet and damaged by the spray of the cleaning liquid L.

[0028] After the cleaning liquid L is sprayed onto the liquid receiving unit 26, the base 8 is rotated so that the liquid receiving unit 26 faces the imaging unit 28, as shown in Figure 3(B). In this state, the imaging unit 28 images the pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​(liquid receiving surface 32a) and detects the color of the pressure-sensitive sheet 32. The imaging unit 28 can be configured with a known visible light camera or the like. The imaging unit 28 sends the captured image, in other words, the inspection result of the inspection unit 12, to the control unit 24.

[0029] After imaging by the imaging unit 28, i.e., inspection by the inspection unit 12, is completed, the unwinding roll 34 and the rewinding roll 36 rotate synchronously. As a result, the portion of the pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​to which the cleaning liquid L has been sprayed, i.e., the used portion, moves from the liquid receiving surface 32a to the rewinding roll 36 side. Consequently, the unused portion reaches the liquid receiving surface 32a. This operation allows for repeated inspection of the spraying state of the cleaning liquid L.

[0030] The control unit 24 can measure the spray pressure and spray range of the cleaning fluid L, i.e., the surface pressure distribution, by applying known image processing to the image acquired from the imaging unit 28. For example, the control unit 24 calculates the spray pressure of the cleaning fluid L from the color density of the image. It also identifies the spray range of the cleaning fluid L from the color distribution in the image. Furthermore, the control unit 24 stores reference surface pressure distribution information obtained when the cleaning fluid L is sprayed normally from the spray nozzle 22. Then, it compares the obtained spray pressure and spray range with the reference surface pressure distribution information to determine whether the spray state of the cleaning fluid L, such as the spray pressure and spray range, is in an appropriate state.

[0031] For example, the control unit 24 notifies the user of the cleaning device 1 when it determines that there is an abnormality in the spraying state of the cleaning liquid L. This allows the user to quickly find out that the spray pressure or spray range of the cleaning liquid L has changed due to clogging of the spray nozzle 22 or the like.

[0032] In this embodiment, the control unit 24 is responsible for determining the spray state of the cleaning fluid L, but a spray state determination unit may be provided independently of the control unit 24. Furthermore, the user of the cleaning device 1 may determine the spray state. For example, an image captured by the imaging unit 28 is displayed on a monitor (not shown), and the user determines the spray state by checking the image on the monitor. In this case, the inspection unit 12 functions as a spray state determination support mechanism. The control unit 24 may also adjust the spray pressure of the cleaning fluid L sprayed from the cleaning unit 10 according to the determination result.

[0033] The timing for performing the inspection of the spray state of the cleaning solution L can be set as appropriate. For example, the inspection of the spray state may be performed before the cleaning process of the liquid injection member 2, afterwards, or both before and after. The inspection may also be performed automatically at regular intervals, or at any time at the user's discretion, such as when instructed by the user of the cleaning device 1.

[0034] As described above, the cleaning device 1 according to this embodiment includes a base 8 that supports an electrolyte injection member 2 for injecting electrolyte into a battery case, a cleaning unit 10 that sprays cleaning liquid L onto the electrolyte injection member 2 supported by the base 8, and an inspection unit 12 that inspects the spraying state of the cleaning liquid L by receiving the spray from the cleaning unit 10. By providing the cleaning device 1 with an inspection unit 12 and monitoring the state of the cleaning unit 10, it is possible to easily and quickly determine whether the cleaning liquid L is being sprayed at the appropriate location and with the appropriate pressure.

[0035] This allows for quicker maintenance of the cleaning unit 10, such as replacing the spray nozzle 22 or adjusting the spray pressure of the cleaning solution L, when the cleaning power of the cleaning unit 10 decreases. As a result, it becomes easier to maintain the cleaning effect of the liquid injection member 2, and the cleaning quality of the liquid injection member 2 can be improved. Furthermore, since the inspection unit 12 is incorporated into the cleaning device 1, the condition of the cleaning unit 10 can be inspected during the cleaning process of the liquid injection member 2, i.e., in-line.

[0036] Furthermore, the inspection unit 12 in this embodiment has a liquid receiving unit 26 mounted on the base 8 that receives the spray of cleaning liquid L. The base 8 can switch between a state in which the liquid injection member 2 faces the cleaning unit 10 and a state in which the liquid receiving unit 26 faces the cleaning unit 10. Therefore, by utilizing the existing base 8, it is possible to switch between a state in which the cleaning unit 10 performs the cleaning process on the liquid injection member 2 and a state in which the inspection unit 12 performs a condition inspection of the cleaning unit 10. Thus, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the cleaning device 1 and the increase in the number of parts that would occur due to the incorporation of an inspection mechanism.

[0037] Furthermore, the inspection unit 12 of this embodiment includes a liquid receiving unit 26 that receives the spray of cleaning liquid L, and an imaging unit 28 that images the liquid receiving unit 26. The liquid receiving unit 26 also has a pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​whose color changes depending on the pressure when it receives the spray of cleaning liquid L. The imaging unit 28 detects the color of the pressure-sensitive sheet 32 ​​by imaging the pressure-sensitive sheet 32. This makes it possible to inspect the spraying state of the cleaning liquid L.

[0038] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above. The embodiments described above are merely examples of how to implement this disclosure. The content of the embodiments does not limit the technical scope of this disclosure, and many design changes, such as changes, additions, and deletions of components, are possible, as long as they do not deviate from the idea of ​​this disclosure as defined in the claims. A new embodiment with design changes will have the effects of both the combined embodiment and the variation. In the embodiments described above, the content in which such design changes are possible is emphasized with notations such as "of this embodiment" or "in this embodiment," but design changes are also permitted even if there are no such notations. Any combination of components included in each embodiment is also valid as an embodiment of this disclosure. The hatching applied to the cross-section in the drawings does not limit the material of the object to which the hatching is applied.

[0039] (modified version) Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a modified cleaning device 1. The inspection unit 12 has a liquid receiving unit 26 that receives the spray of cleaning liquid L. The liquid receiving unit 26 of this modified example has a pressure sensor 40 that detects the pressure when it receives the spray of cleaning liquid L. The pressure sensor 40 can be made up of a known sensor that quantifies the applied pressure. As an example, the pressure sensor 40 receives the spray of cleaning liquid L on a pressure measuring surface and calculates the magnitude of the pressure in each region based on the voltage value and capacitance of the region where pressure is applied. The pressure sensor 40 then sends the calculation result to the control unit 24. In other words, the pressure sensor 40 outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the applied pressure. Based on the magnitude of the pressure and the application position obtained from the pressure sensor 40, the control unit 24 can determine whether the spray state of the cleaning liquid L is in an appropriate state.

[0040] This configuration also provides the same effects as the embodiment. Furthermore, this modified example allows for miniaturization of the inspection unit 12 compared to the case where the inspection unit 12 has a liquid receiving unit 26 and an imaging unit 28. Therefore, the inspection unit 12 can be more easily mounted on the cleaning device 1.

[0041] The embodiments may be specified by the items described below. [Item 1] A base (8) that supports the electrolyte injection member (2) for injecting electrolyte into the battery case, A cleaning unit (10) sprays cleaning liquid (L) onto a liquid injection member (2) supported by a base (8), The system includes an inspection unit (12) that inspects the spraying state of the cleaning liquid (L) by receiving the spray of the cleaning liquid (L) from the cleaning unit (10), Washing device (1). [Item 2] The inspection unit (12) is mounted on a base (8) and has a liquid receiving unit (26) that receives the spray of cleaning fluid (L). The base (8) can be switched between a state in which the liquid injection member (2) faces the cleaning unit (10) and a state in which the liquid receiving unit (26) faces the cleaning unit (10). The cleaning device (1) described in item 1. [Item 3] The inspection unit (12) has a liquid receiving unit (26) that receives the spray of cleaning solution (L), and an imaging unit (28) that images the liquid receiving unit (26). The liquid receiving section (26) has a pressure-sensitive sheet (32) whose color changes in response to the pressure when it is sprayed with cleaning liquid (L). The imaging unit (28) images the pressure-sensitive sheet (32) and detects the color of the pressure-sensitive sheet (32). A cleaning device (1) as described in item 1 or 2. [Item 4] The inspection unit (12) has a liquid receiving unit (26) that receives the spray of cleaning solution (L), The liquid receiving section (26) has a pressure sensor (40) that detects the pressure when it receives a spray of cleaning liquid (L). A cleaning device (1) as described in item 1 or 2. [Industrial applicability]

[0042] This disclosure can be used in cleaning devices. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0043] 1 Cleaning device, 2 Liquid injection component, 8 Base, 10 Cleaning section, 12 Inspection section, 26 Liquid receiving section, 28 Imaging section, 32 Pressure-sensitive sheet, 40 Pressure-sensitive sensor.

Claims

1. A base that supports the liquid injection member for injecting electrolyte into the battery case, A cleaning unit that sprays cleaning liquid onto the liquid injection member supported by the base, The system includes an inspection unit that inspects the spraying state of the cleaning liquid by receiving the spray of the cleaning liquid from the cleaning unit, The aforementioned spray state includes at least one of the spray pressure and spray range of the cleaning fluid, Washing device.

2. The inspection unit has a liquid receiving unit mounted on the base that receives the spray of the cleaning liquid, The base is capable of switching between a state in which the liquid injection member faces the cleaning section and a state in which the liquid receiving section faces the cleaning section. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1.

3. The inspection unit comprises a liquid receiving unit that receives the spray of the cleaning liquid, and an imaging unit that images the liquid receiving unit. The liquid receiving section has a pressure-sensitive sheet whose color changes depending on the pressure when it is sprayed with the cleaning liquid. The imaging unit captures an image of the pressure-sensitive sheet and detects the color of the pressure-sensitive sheet. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The inspection unit has a liquid receiving unit that receives the spray of the cleaning liquid, The liquid receiving section has a pressure sensor that detects the pressure when it receives the spray of the cleaning liquid. The cleaning apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

Images