Method and communication apparatus for transmitting physical layer protocol data units

Abstract

To provide a method and a communication device for transmitting a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) applied to a wireless local area network system.SOLUTION: Provided is a method applicable to a scenario where PPDU alignment is required, in which a transmitter controls the duration of one or more of the Packet Extension (PE) field, Extremely High Throughput Signal (EHT-SIG) field, and Extremely High Throughput Long Training field (EHT-LTF) field of a PPDU and / or delays the transmission time of the PPDU such that the error between the end time of the PPDU and a specific time (e.g., a first time) is not greater than an error threshold, thereby implementing PPDU alignment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless local area networks, and more specifically, to a method and communication apparatus for transmitting physical layer protocol data units in a wireless local area network.

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202110949948.1, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on 18 August 2021, titled "METHOD FOR SENDING PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOL DATA UNIT AND COMMUNICATION APPARATUS," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [Background technology]

[0003] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have evolved from 802.11a / b / g, through 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ax, to the industry-discussed 802.11be. Currently, there are two EHT PPDU formats defined in 802.11be: the extremely high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit (EHT MU PPDU) and the extremely high throughput trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (EHT TB PPDU). The EHT MU PPDU can support single-user (downlink or uplink) and multi-user (downlink) data transmission. An EHT TB PPDU is a PPDU that is triggered to be transmitted by one or more stations (STAs) based on scheduling information in a trigger frame transmitted by an access point (AP).

[0004] However, in current wireless communications, there are many scenarios where PPDU alignment is required. Specifically, the time interval between the PPDU end time and the target end time must be below a certain error threshold. For example, in non-simultaneous transmit and receive (non-STR) multi-link (ML) transmission, the time error related to the simultaneous ending of PPDUs on multiple links (e.g., link 1 and link 2) is generally required not to exceed 8 microseconds. However, if a trigger frame exists for PPDUs on different links, and carrier monitoring is performed before the transmission of the TB PPDU triggered by the trigger frame, the time error related to the simultaneous ending of PPDUs on different links is generally required not to exceed 4 microseconds.

[0005] However, the existing coding procedures for EHT MU PPDU and EHT TB PPDU do not take time limits into consideration. For example, PPDUs on different links are encoded based on the duration required for each. Under the current circumstances, the requirements for PPDU consistency cannot be met. [Overview of the project]

[0006] This application provides a method and communication apparatus for transmitting PPDUs in order to implement PPDU matching.

[0007] A method for transmitting a PPDU is provided according to a first aspect. This method may be applied to a transmitter for wireless communication, or it may be applied to a transmitter chip or chip system. The following uses a transmitter as an example. In this method, The transmitter controls the duration of one or more fields from the first PPDU's packet expansion PE field, the ultra-high throughput signal EHT-SIG field, and the ultra-high throughput long training field EHT-LTF field, and / or The transmission time of the first PPDU is delayed so that the error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time does not exceed the error threshold, and The transmitter transmits the first PPDU. This delicious

[0008] In the technical solution of this application, the transmitter controls the duration of one or more fields among the PE field, EHT-SIG field, and EHT-LTF field of a PPDU (e.g., a first PPDU) and / or delays the transmission time of the PPDU to align the end time of the PPDU with a first time, such that the error between the end time of the PPDU and a specific time (e.g., a first time) does not exceed an error threshold.

[0009] The solution in this application is applicable to several time-constrained scenarios (or scenarios requiring PPDU matching), such as the transmission of PPDUs in non-STR ML transmissions.

[0010] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and the PE field, the duration of which is determined based on a first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, wherein the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0011] In this implementation, considering that the duration granularity of the PE field is a multiple of 4 microseconds, the alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is performed by using the duration of the PE field. This can satisfy the alignment requirement with a relatively small error threshold. For example, the error threshold is 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds.

[0012] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0013] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and the PE field, the preamble includes the EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion.

[0014] The duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field is determined based on a first duration, an initial duration of the preamble, a duration of the PE field, and a duration of the symbols within the data field, wherein the initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0015] The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0016] In this implementation, considering that the duration of one symbol in the EHT-SIG field is 4 microseconds, and that the EHT-SIG field allows all symbols to be padding bits, the EHT-SIG field is padded, and as a result, the end time of the first PPDU can be aligned with the first time. In addition, the duration of the PE field can be shortened compared to the alignment of the first PPDU by using the PE field. Furthermore, the selection of the pre-forward error correction padding factor can be simplified.

[0017] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0018] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check LDPC additional symbol segment field, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment is not required, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0019] In one implementation, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraints on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field if the condition is not met. In this implementation, consistency between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed, and transmission of PPDUs in scenarios requiring PPDU consistency can be satisfied.

[0020] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0021] In one implementation, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraints on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, and determines the first pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. Based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field. In this implementation, consistency between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed, and transmission of PPDUs in scenarios requiring PPDU consistency can be satisfied.

[0022] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a second value, the EHT-SIG field carries a first pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the second value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment is not required, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, and the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0023] In one implementation, the transmitter selects the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the constraints on the first time. Furthermore, the transmitter selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, and determines the first pre-forward error correction padding factor based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. Based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field. In this implementation, consistency between the first PPDU and the first time can be guaranteed, and transmission of PPDUs in scenarios requiring PPDU consistency can be satisfied.

[0024] In some of the aforementioned implementations, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first PPDU is coded using the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and as a result, the duration that can be used by the receiver to decode the first PPDU is extended compared to when the first PPDU is coded using the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0025] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries an LDPC additional symbol segment field, where the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, where the first value indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment should be added, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0026] This implementation is based on a first-time limit. The transmitter selects the duration of the PE field and, based on the selected duration of the PE field and the receiver's requirements for nominal packet padding capability, selects a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. Based on this, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met by default, and the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field. Compared to other implementations where the transmitter needs to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met in order to further determine the pre-forward error correction padding factor, this implementation significantly simplifies the procedure for selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor and reduces computational complexity and computational cost.

[0027] In addition, for example, in the aforementioned implementation, the first value may be "1" and the second value may be "0". It is clear that the first and second values ​​may be set to other values ​​or characters to identify whether or not an LDPC additional symbol segment is added. This is not limited to these.

[0028] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation.

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[0029] Referring to the first embodiment, in some implementations of the first embodiment, the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds, and the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds in the following cases: This occurs when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met, the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, but the requirements for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability are not met, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowable duration.

[0030] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, which is determined based on the duration of the PE field acquired before the 4 microseconds were added and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability. The remaining duration is then determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the duration of the PE field acquired before the 4 microseconds were added.

[0031] In this implementation, the transmitter pads the EHT-SIG field based on a limit for the first time, aligning the end time of the first PPDU with the first time. The duration of the PE field may be freely selected and is more flexible.

[0032] A communication device is provided according to a second embodiment. The communication device has a function for carrying out the method according to the first embodiment or any one of the possible implementations of the first embodiment. This function may be implemented by hardware or by hardware running corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the function described above.

[0033] A communication device is provided, comprising a processor and memory, according to a third aspect. Optionally, the communication device may further include transceivers. The memory is configured to store computer programs. The processor is configured to call and execute the computer programs stored in memory and to control the transceivers to transmit and receive signals. As a result, the communication device performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations thereof.

[0034] For example, a communication device is a transmitter for wireless communication.

[0035] A communication device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, according to a fourth embodiment. The communication interface is configured to receive data and / or information and to transmit the received data and / or information to a processor, which processes the data and / or information. The communication interface is further configured to output the data and / or information processed by the processor, thereby performing the method according to the first embodiment or any one of the possible implementations thereof.

[0036] A computer-readable storage medium is provided according to the fifth aspect. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the method is executed according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0037] A computer program product is provided according to the sixth aspect. The computer program product includes computer program code, and when the computer program code is executed on a computer, the Method is performed according to the first aspect or one of the possible implementations thereof.

[0038] A chip is provided according to the seventh aspect. The chip includes a processor, and memory configured to store computer programs is located independently of the chip, and the processor is configured to execute the computer programs stored in the memory. As a result, a device on which the chip is installed performs the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0039] Optionally, the processor may be a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0040] Furthermore, the chip may include a communication interface. This communication interface may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, etc. Additionally, the chip may include memory.

[0041] Optionally, there may be one or more processors, one or more memory units, and one or more memory units.

[0042] A communication system is provided in accordance with the eighth aspect, comprising a communication device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects (for example, the transmitter in this embodiment of the present application), and one or more other communication devices communicating with the communication device. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0043] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows the EHT PPDU format in accordance with this application. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows the coding procedure for EHT MU PPDU in accordance with this application. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows the coding procedure for EHT TB PPDU in accordance with this application. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with this application. [Figure 5]Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart relating to a method for transmitting PPDU according to this application. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows an example of determining the first duration in accordance with this application. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram relating to the selection of a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is another schematic diagram relating to the selection of a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 12] Figure 12 shows the EHT PPDU obtained before the EHT-SIG field is padded, in accordance with this application. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows the EHT PPDU obtained after the EHT-SIG field has been padded, in accordance with this application. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application. [Figure 15] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating how to perform first PPDU alignment by delaying the transmission time of the first PPDU, in accordance with this application. [Figure 16] Figure 16 shows the structures of several different types of PPDU in accordance with this application. [Figure 17]Figure 17 shows several HE PPDU formats in accordance with this application. [Figure 18] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of EHT TB PPDU alignment in accordance with this application. [Figure 19] Figure 19 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device in accordance with this application. [Figure 20] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram relating to the configuration of a communication device in accordance with this application. [Figure 21] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram relating to communication between multilink devices in accordance with this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0044] The following describes the technical solution according to the embodiment of this application with reference to the attached drawings.

[0045] The Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communication standard 802.11be defines two types of Extremely High Throughput Multiple User Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (EHT PPDU) formats: the Extremely High Throughput Multiple User Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (EHT MU PPDU) and the Extremely High Throughput Trigger-Based Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (EHT TB PPDU). The EHT MU PPDU can support single-user (downlink or uplink) and multi-user (downlink) data transmission. The EHT TB PPDU is a PPDU that is triggered to be transmitted by one or more stations (STAs) based on scheduling information in a trigger frame transmitted by an access point (AP).

[0046] Figure 1 shows the EHT PPDU format according to this application. See Table 1 for the meaning, function, and duration of the fields in Figure 1. [Table 1] TIFF0007839929000003.tif252170 TIFF0007839929000004.tif252170 TIFF0007839929000005.tif251170 TIFF0007839929000006.tif99170

[0047] In Table 1, * represents multiplication.

[0048] 1. Coding procedure for EHT MU PPDU

[0049] Figure 2 shows the coding procedure for an EHT MU PPDU in accordance with this application. As shown in Figure 2, the transmitter's medium access control (MAC) layer determines the quantity of bytes to be transmitted by one or more users. The transmitter encodes the information bits for the corresponding quantity of bytes for each user in units of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. The last symbol of the EHT PPDU must be subjected to segment padding, as shown in Figure 2.

[0050] It should be understood that Figure 2 shows the last symbol involved in coding. Not all subcarriers of a symbol are involved in coding; only bits from some segments may be involved. In such operation, the receiver can decode only some subcarriers during decoding, thereby saving processing time. The receiver does not need to process bits related to other segments of the last symbol, and more processing time can be reserved for the receiver to process bits that have not been processed previously. In addition, a PE field may exist after the last symbol, and the PE field does not need to be processed by the receiver. More processing time can be reserved for the receiver.

[0051] The meaning of each piece of information in Figure 2 is as follows:

[0052] Excess information bits: Information bits contained in the last symbol of the EHT PPDU.

[0053] Pre-forward error correction padding bits (pre-FEC padding bits): Padding bits involved in coding.

[0054] Post-FEC output bit: The output bit after scrambling and FEC.

[0055] Scrambling and FEC: Scrambling and forward error correction are shown, respectively.

[0056] Post-FEC padding bits: These indicate the amount of bits required by the total amount of encoding bits that need to be further padded onto a symbol after coding. It should be understood that the total amount of bits is the amount of bits contained within a single symbol. Post-FEC padding bits are not involved in coding and do not need to be processed by the receiver.

[0057] N CBPS,Last,u : Indicates the amount of encoding bits for the last symbol.

[0058] N CBPS,u : Indicates the amount of encoding bits for a symbol (not the last symbol).

[0059] In addition, 'a' indicates the capture position involved in coding and may be called the pre-FEC padding factor. There are a total of four capture positions, namely a=1, 2, 3, and 4, where the output bits after FEC coding occupy approximately 1 / 4, 2 / 4, 3 / 4, and 1 of the entire symbol, respectively, and correspond to the 1, 2, 3, and 4 segments of the last symbol, respectively. That is, when a=4, all subcarriers are involved in coding.

[0060] The coding procedure for EHT PPDU will be described in detail below, with reference to the procedure shown in Figure 2.

[0061] (1) For EHT MU PPDU, the transmitter first calculates the amount of excess bits in the last data symbol for each user (e.g., the u-th user), i.e., excess information bits, according to equation (1).

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[0062] In equation (1), N excess,u This represents the amount of excess information bits present in the last data symbol of the u-th user.

[0063] APEP_LENGTH u This represents the amount of pre-end of frame padding bytes in an aggregated-medium access control data unit (A-MPDU) frame for the uth user, and can be understood as the amount of bytes of useful information bits transmitted at the MAC layer.

[0064] N tailrepresents the coded tail bit, and for binary convolutional coding (BCC), the value is 6, and for low-density parity-check (LDPC), the value is 0.

[0065] N service is the number of bits in the service field, and the value is 16.

[0066] N DBPS,u is the amount of bits included in each symbol of the u-th user.

[0067] (2) The transmitter calculates the quantity of the initial segment of the last OFDM symbol and the quantity of the initial OFDM symbol according to N excess,u , formula (2), and formula (3).

Number

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[0068] N SD,short,u is the quantity of information bits carried in the segment within the last symbol, predefined in the communication protocol standard for the corresponding resource unit (RU) or multiple resource units (MRU), N SS,u is the quantity of spatial streams of the u-th user, and N BPSCS,uThis is the amount of encoded bits in each subcarrier of each spatial stream for the u-th user.

[0069] (3) The transmitter determines the number of users with the largest encoded bit amount among all users according to the following formula (hereinafter referred to as u max Determine (as indicated).

number

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[0070] (4) The transmitter is u max The initial segment volume and initial OFDM symbol volume are determined as the common initial segment volume and initial OFDM symbol volume for all users.

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[0071] (5) The transmitter calculates the amount of initial data bits and the amount of initially encoded bits for each user's last OFDM symbol according to the following formula:

number

number

[0072] For each user using LDPC coding, the pre-FEC padding bits for the u-th user can be calculated according to the following formula:

number

[0073] For each user using LDPC coding, the load bits N that can be transmitted by the u-user pld,u and the number of bits N avbits,u These are calculated based on the following equations (6) and (7).

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[0074] The transmitter is N pld,u and N avbits,u Based on this, the code length L of the LDPC code word LDPC,u , and, N avbits,u The quantity N of the codewords CW,u This is calculated according to a table or formula predetermined by the communication standard.

[0075] Next, the transmitter receives the quantity N of shortening bits for the u-th user. shrt,u , and the number of bits N that must be punctured by the u-th user punc,u Calculate.

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[0076] For users using LDPC coding, the transmitter must set the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field in the EHT-SIG field to 1 if at least one user satisfies the following condition (8):

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[0077] In this embodiment of the present application, the condition in formula (8) is hereafter referred to as the LDPC additional symbol segment condition.

[0078] In addition, for all users using LDPC coding, use equations (9) and (10) below to calculate N avbits,u This is added, and then N punc,u The result is recalculated. Specifically, if at least one user satisfies the condition of equation (8), then all users using LDPC coding will have N avbits,u and N punc,u It needs to be updated.

number

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[0079] Furthermore, the transmitter calculates the pre-FEC padding factors a and N according to the following formula. SYM Update.

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[0080] In the entire formula described above, it can be understood that if the initial captured position is 4, it indicates that it is already at the maximum number of segments for the last symbol. If another segment needs to be added, a symbol must be added first, and then the first captured position is selected from the added symbol, i.e., captured position a = 1.

[0081] If a user using LDPC coding does not meet the conditions for the LDPC additional symbol segment, or if all users use BCC coding, the LDPC additional symbol segment field in the EHT-SIG field will be 0, N SYM =N SYM.int , and, a=a init It needs to be set to be such.

[0082] In other words, if the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the pre-FEC padding factors a and N SYM It is not updated. Therefore, the pre-FEC padding factor a is the quantity of the initial segment, and N SYM This is also the quantity of initial symbols.

[0083] In addition, the following applies to users who use LDPC coding:

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[0084] For users using BCC coding, the following applies:

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[0085] In addition, for any user, regardless of whether LDPC coding or BCC coding is used, the last symbol N CBPS,last,u It is calculated as follows:

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[0086] In addition, for users using BCC coding, the quantity of pre-FEC padding bits (i.e., pre-forward error correction padding bits) is calculated according to the following formula:

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[0087] Regardless of whether LDPC coding or BCC coding is used for any given user, the quantity of post-FEC padding bits (i.e., post-forward error correction padding bits) of the last symbol is calculated according to the following formula:

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[0088] Furthermore, pre-FEC padding is classified into MAC padding and PHY padding, and the number of bits for each is as follows:

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[0089] In addition, the receiver further requests from the transmitter the capability it requires for additional processing time. This capability is referred to herein as nominal packet padding capability, and is not limited herein. The selection of durations for each field of the PPDU transmitted by the transmitter to the receiver must satisfy the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, where the sum of the durations of the post-forward error correction padding portion (i.e., the duration of the post-FEC padding bits, see Figure 2) and the duration of the PE field is greater than or equal to the total nominal packet padding capability required by the receiver.

[0090] 2. Coding procedure for EHT TB PPDU

[0091] Figure 3 illustrates the coding procedure for an EHT TB PPDU in accordance with this application. As shown in Figure 3, one example is used for illustrative purposes in which an AP sends a trigger frame to schedule an EHT TB PPDU. Firstly, the AP sends a trigger frame to schedule one or more STAs to send an EHT TB PPDU. In the trigger frame, the AP indicates the uplink length, guard interval, EHT-LTF field type, number of symbols in the EHT-LTF field, pre-FEC padding factor, LDPC additional symbol segment field, and packet extension disambiguity (PE Disambiguity) field. It should be noted that the trigger frame is a MAC frame, or referred to as a MAC protocol data unit (Medium Access Control Protocol Data Unit, MPDU), and is carried in a data field or in a physical service data unit (PSDU) or PPDU.

[0092] If the transmitter calculates, by using the aforementioned coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, that at least one user satisfies the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition, the transmitter sets the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field in the trigger frame to 1. Unlike the coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, the AP can set the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field to 1 even if the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is not met. However, in the coding procedure for the EHT MU PPDU, if the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is not met, the transmitter must set the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field to 0.

[0093] After receiving the trigger frame, the STA determines the length of the PE field T based on the parameters and information indicated in the trigger frame. PE , and the quantity N of OFDM symbols in the data field SYM Calculate.

[0094] Specifically, STA is given by T according to equations (11) and (12). PE and N SYM These can be calculated separately.

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[0095] In equation (12),

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[0096] The trigger frame includes a coding instruction field for each STA to instruct the STA to use BCC or LDPC. However, when the number of subcarriers of RU or MRU assigned to a particular STA is 242 or greater, the STA must use LDPC and does not need to be indicated.

[0097] With respect to STA, when BCC coding is used, the coding procedure is the same as the coding procedure for EHT MU PPDU, where N SYM,init =N SYM a init = a, where a is the pre-FEC padding factor and is indicated by the trigger frame.

[0098] When LDPC coding is used, in one example, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to 1, and STA is based on a shown in the trigger frame. init Calculate.

[0099] Specifically, STA performs calculations according to the following formula.

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[0100] Through calculation a init and N SYM,initAfter obtaining N, STA is obtained according to equations (9) and (10) above. avbits,u and N punc,u Update the EHT MU PPDU and then perform the coding using the subsequent coding procedure.

[0101] In other cases where LDPC coding is used, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to 0, and N SYM,init =N SYM , and a init = a. In other words, N avbits,u and N punc,u It does not need to be updated, and STA can perform coding directly by using the subsequent coding procedure of EHT MU PPDU.

[0102] The above describes the coding procedures for EHT MU PPDU and EHT TB PPDU in this application. These include the selection of the pre-FEC padding factor, the determination of the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions, and the setting of the LDPC additional symbol segment fields.

[0103] The technical solutions provided in this application are applicable to WLAN scenarios, and for example, to IEEE 802.11 system standards, such as 802.11a / b / g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, or next-generation 802.11ax, such as 802.11be, or even further next-generation standards.

[0104] While embodiments of this application are primarily described using an example in which a WLAN network, particularly a network to which the IEEE 802.11 system standard is applied, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments relating to this application can be extended to other networks employing various standards or protocols, such as high-performance radio local area networks (HIPERLAN), wide area networks (WANs), personal area networks (PANs), or other networks known or to be developed in the future. HIPERLAN is a wireless standard similar to IEEE 802.11 and is primarily used in Europe. Accordingly, the various embodiments provided in this application are applicable to any suitable wireless network, regardless of coverage and wireless access protocols.

[0105] The embodiments of this application may be further applicable to wireless local area network systems such as Internet of Things (IoT) networks or Vehicle to X (V2X) networks. Indeed, the embodiments of this application may be applicable to other possible communication systems, such as long-term evolution (LTE) systems, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, LTE time division duplex (TDD) systems, universal mobile telecommunication systems (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, and fifth-generation (5) systems. th 5G) communication systems, and future 6th generation (6 thIt may be even more applicable to generation (6G) communication systems.

[0106] The aforementioned communication system used in this application is merely an illustrative example and is not limited thereto. A consistent description is provided herein, and further details are not described below.

[0107] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the method for transmitting PPDU provided in the present application is applicable to data communication between one or more APs and one or more STAs (e.g., data communication between AP1 and STA1 and STA2), data communication between APs (e.g., data communication between AP1 and AP2), and data communication between STAs (e.g., data communication between STA2 and STA3).

[0108] An access point may be an access point for terminal devices (e.g., mobile phones) to access a wired (or wireless) network, and is primarily located in homes, buildings, or zones, with a typical coverage radius of tens to hundreds of meters. Access points may also be located outdoors. An access point acts as a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks. The main function of an access point is to connect various wireless network clients together and then connect the wireless network to Ethernet®. Specifically, an access point may be a terminal device (e.g., a mobile phone) or a network device (e.g., a router) with a Wi-Fi chip. An access point may be a device that supports the 802.11be standard. The access point may also be a device that supports multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards of the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and the next-generation 802.11be. The access point in this application may be a high-efficiency (HE) AP, an extremely high-throughput (EHT) AP, or an access point applicable to future generations of Wi-Fi standards.

[0109] A station may be a wireless communication chip, wireless sensor, wireless communication terminal, etc., and may also be referred to as a user. For example, a station may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, set-top box, smart TV, smart wearable device, in-vehicle communication device, computer, etc., that supports Wi-Fi communication functionality. Optionally, a station may support the 802.11be standard. A station may also support multiple wireless local area network (WLAN) standards in the 802.11 family, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and the next-generation 802.11be.

[0110] The access point in this application may be a high-efficiency (HE) STA or an extremely high-throughput (EHT) STA, or an STA applicable to future generations of Wi-Fi standards.

[0111] For example, access points and stations may include devices used in vehicles, nodes and sensors used in the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cameras, smart remotes, smart water or electricity meters in smart homes, sensors in smart cities, etc.

[0112] Embodiments of this application provide a communication method applicable to a wireless local area network system. The method may be implemented by a communication device within the wireless local area network system, or by a chip or processor within the communication device. The communication device may be a wireless communication device that supports multi-link parallel transmission, for example, referred to as a multi-link device or multi-band device. Compared to a device that supports only single-link transmission, a multi-link device has higher transmission efficiency and higher throughput.

[0113] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of communication between multilink devices in accordance with this application.

[0114] As shown in Figure 21, a multilink device includes one or more affiliated stations (STAs), and each affiliated STA is a logical station and can operate on a single link. An affiliated station may be an access point (AP) or a non-access point station (non-APSTA). For ease of explanation, in this application, a multilink device whose affiliated station is an AP may be referred to as a multilink AP, a multilink AP device, or an AP multi-link device. A multilink device whose affiliated station is a non-APSTA may be referred to as a multilink STA, a multilink STA device, or an STA multi-link device. For ease of explanation, "a multilink device includes an affiliated STA" is also briefly explained as "a multilink device includes an STA" in the embodiments of this application.

[0115] It should be noted that a multilink device contains multiple logical stations, and each logical station operates on a single link, although multiple logical stations can operate on the same link. The link identifiers described below represent one station operating on a single link. In other words, if there are two or more stations on a single link, two or more link identifiers are used to represent the two or more stations. The links mentioned below sometimes also represent stations operating on the link.

[0116] In this application, the transmitter referred to below may be a multilink device (e.g., the first multilink device in Figure 21), and the receiver may alternatively be a multilink device (e.g., the second multilink device in Figure 21). In addition, either the transmitter or the receiver may be a multilink device. This is not limited to these cases.

[0117] Below, we will also separately describe solutions for implementing EHT PPDU alignment for two different formats, namely EHT MU PPDU and EHT TB PPDU.

[0118] 1.EHT MU PPDU alignment

[0119] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart relating to a method for transmitting PPDU according to this application.

[0120] 210: The transmitter controls the duration of one or more fields of the first PPDU, including the PE field, EHT-SIG field, and EHT-LTF field, and / or delays the transmission time of the first PPDU, so that the error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time does not exceed the error threshold.

[0121] 220: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0122] The receiver receives the first PPDU.

[0123] In the technical solution provided in this application, the transmitter performs alignment between the first PPDU and the first time and / or delays the transmission time of the first PPDU by controlling the duration of one or more fields among the PE field, EHT-SIG field, and EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU.

[0124] Optionally, the first time may be the end time of a PPDU on a different link than the one on which the first PPDU is located (e.g., a second PPDU), or it may be a specific time determined by the transmitter. This is not limited to this.

[0125] It should be noted that “alignment” in this application does not strictly mean perfect alignment, and that alignment is performed on the condition that the time interval between the end time of the first PPDU and the first hour is less than the error threshold. Therefore, the end time of the first PPDU may be before or after the first hour, or it may overlap with the first hour. For example, the error threshold may be set according to the requirements of the alignment scenario. For example, the error threshold may be 8 microseconds, 4 microseconds, etc.

[0126] The following describes several different implementations of PPDU alignment using different fields in this application.

[0127] (1) PE field

[0128] Solution 1

[0129] In Solution 1, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, where the duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0130] The duration of a symbol within a data field is the length of a single symbol within that data field.

[0131] It should be noted that "symbol" in this application refers to an OFDM symbol. The lengths of symbols in different fields of the first PPDU may differ. For example, the length of a symbol in a data field may differ from the duration of a symbol in another field included in the preamble. Therefore, the symbols in the data field and the symbols in the EHT-LTF field specifically refer to the respective symbols in those fields.

[0132] Referring to Figure 6, the following describes in detail how the transmitter performs matching between the first PPDU and the first time by controlling the duration of the PE field.

[0133] Figure 6 is a flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0134] 301: The transmitter calculates the number of symbols in the data field of the first PPDU based on the first duration (hereinafter, N SYM (as indicated), duration of the PE field (hereinafter, T PE Calculate (which is shown to be).

[0135] The first duration is the expected duration (or target duration) for which the transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0136] For example, a transmitter calculates the available duration for transmitting the first PPDU on the current link by using the end time of a PPDU on another link as a reference point. In another example, the transmitter predicts that the first PPDU will end at a specific time (e.g., the first hour) and calculates the available duration for transmitting the first PPDU, i.e., the first duration, by using that time as a reference point. With respect to “available duration for sending the first PPDU”, it should be understood that the duration for transmitting the first PPDU is limited by the first hour to ensure alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first hour. In other words, the first hour is used as a reference point, and the transmitter transmits the first PPDU by using the remaining duration from the start time of the first PPDU to the first hour to ensure alignment between the end time of the first PPDU and the first hour.

[0137] Figure 7 shows an example relating to determining the first duration according to this application. As shown in Figure 7, the transmitter transmits PPDU2 on link 2. The transmitter obtains an opportunity to transmit on link 1 by contending for a channel. It is assumed that the transmitter transmits PPDU1 on link 1. It is assumed that the error threshold between the end time of PPDU1 and the end time of PPDU2 is 8 microseconds. The transmitter calculates the duration between the start time of PPDU1 and the end time of PPDU2, and this duration is the first duration in this application.

[0138] The transmitter calculates the number of symbols N in the data field according to the following equation (13). SYM Calculate.

number

[0139] Through calculation N SYM After obtaining the value, the transmitter calculates the remaining duration according to equation (14).

number

[0140] The transmitter sets the duration of the PE field to the remaining duration, and as a result, the matching of the first PPDU may be performed.

[0141] For example, the duration of the PE field can be determined according to the following equation (15).

number

[0142] Since the duration of the PE field is a multiple of 4 microseconds, it should be understood that equation (15) is designed in this way.

[0143] In addition, the PE unambiguity field is obtained according to the above formula T PE Based on this, it is set to 0.

[0144] Optionally, when T PE is equal to 0 or 4 microseconds, the transmitter may further select to reduce one OFDM symbol in order to obtain a larger T PE , so that the receiver obtains more processing duration. Specifically, based on N SYM calculated according to Equation (13), the transmitter sets N SYM = N SYM -1. And in this case, the transmitter needs to set the PE unambiguity field to 1, so that the receiver can remove the ambiguity of the length of the PE field.

Number

[0145] In this case, the first duration can be determined according to the following formula.

Number

[0146] In addition, the transmitter needs to further select the coding method, modulation and coding method, spatial stream, etc. related to each user (i.e., the receiver). For details, refer to the aforementioned coding procedure of the EHT MU PPDU. Details will not be described again in this specification.

[0147] 302: The transmitter selects the second pre-forward error correction padding factor and the nominal packet padding ability value of the receiver based on T PE .

[0148] For the sake of clarity and brevity of the description, the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is represented as a2 below.

[0149] The nominal packet padding capability value of the receiver is used to indicate the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, and the nominal packet padding capability value can be provided by the receiver to the transmitter.

[0150] 303: The transmitter calculates N init and N pld,u based on a avbits,u = a2 and performs coding.

[0151] a init is the number of the above-mentioned initial segments, and it should be understood that a init = a2 indicates that the transmitter uses a2 as the number of initial segments. From the above EHT MU PPDU coding procedure, after determining the number of initial segments (i.e., a init ) and the number of initial symbols in the data field (i.e., N SYM,init ), the receiver can obtain the receiver's N pld,u and N avbits,u through calculation, and it can be seen that the receiver can perform coding based on N pld,u and N avbits,u .

[0152] 304: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is satisfied.

[0153] Specifically, after obtaining N pld,u and N avbits,u through calculation, the transmitter performs EHT MU PPDU coding. Through coding, the transmitter can know the number of shortened bits N shrt,u and the number of punctured bits N punc,u . Further, based on N shrt,u and N punc,u , the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is satisfied.

[0154] For the description of the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions, refer to the above description. Details are not described again in this specification.

[0155] If the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met, the transmitter executes step 307.

[0156] If the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met, the transmitter executes step 305.

[0157] It should be noted that steps 303 and 304 are optional steps as shown in the dashed box of FIG. 6. In other words, after selecting a2 in step 302, the transmitter may directly execute step 305.

[0158] 305: The transmitter calculates N and N based on a = a1 and performs coding. init = a1, and pld,u and N avbits,u and performs coding.

[0159] In the above, a1 is referred to as the first pre-forward error correction padding factor in this specification, and a1 is determined according to a2.

[0160] Specifically, the transmitter determines a1 according to the following formula (16) and sets a to a1. init and sets a to a1.

Equation

[0161] Furthermore, the transmitter calculates N and N based on a = a1 and N, and performs EHT MU PPDU coding by using N and N. After coding, N and N init = a1 and N SYM,init and calculates N and N based on a = a1 and N pld,u and N avbits,u and calculates N and N based on a = a1 and N pld,u and N avbits,u and performs EHT MU PPDU coding by using N and N. After coding, N and N shrt,u and N punc,uTherefore, N is obtained. shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it can be determined whether or not the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0162] It should be understood that in equation (16), any other case besides a2=1 specifically refers to a2=2, a2=3, or a2=4.

[0163] If the transmitter performs steps 303 and 304 after step 302, and then performs step 305 based on the decision result in step 304, then in step 305, the transmitter a init Set to a1, that is, the transmitter is a init It should be noted that N should be updated from a2 to a1. In addition, SYM,init It also needs to be re-determined according to equation (16). Then the transmitter, a init = a1 and re-determined N SYM,init Based on N pld,u and N avbits,u Updated. Furthermore, N shrt,u and N punc,u The updated N pld,u and N avbits,u Updated based on, and updated N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it is determined whether or not the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met.

[0164] 306: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0165] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is a init It should be given particular attention to the following: a init After the update, it should be considered that the setting parameters for the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions change, specifically from a2 to a1.

[0166] In other words, in both step 304 and step 306, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is satisfied. However, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 304 is set based on a init = a2, that is, it is set based on a2. However, in step 306, a init is updated to 1. Therefore, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 306 is set based on a init = a1, that is, it is set based on a1.

[0167] In addition, from equation (16), it can be seen that in addition to a init the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is also related to N SYM,init . However, the update of a init does not necessarily cause the update of N SYM,init . N SYM in equation (16) is the amount of symbols obtained through calculation based on the first time and is within the data field of the first PPDU, and it should be understood that it is obtained through calculation according to equation (13). In addition, N SYM,init is the quantity of symbols in the data field set in the LDPC additional symbol segment condition.

[0168] 307: The transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0169] Specifically, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU based on the determination result of whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is satisfied.

[0170] As described in step 304 above, if the transmitter determines that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter directly performs step 307. In this case, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a second value, which indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a2.

[0171] When setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field based on the decision result in step 306, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field according to the following principle:

[0172] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to the first value, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a2. For example, the first value may be "1".

[0173] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to a secondary value, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a1. For example, the secondary value may be "0".

[0174] After the transmitter determines the duration of the PE field and sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field, this is equivalent to the transmitter determining the fields of the first PPDU. Based on this, the transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0175] 308: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0176] The procedure in Figure 7 is intended solely to facilitate understanding of the solution of this application, and it should be understood that the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is divided into different steps. In fact, in this application, the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is the process by which the transmitter determines the duration of each field and sets the fields of each field. These steps may also be combined into fewer steps or divided into more steps, and this should not constitute any limitation on the solution itself. The other procedures in this application are the same and will not be described in detail below.

[0177] In Solution 1, the transmitter calculates the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU based on the first time limit, and as a result, it is found that consistency between the first PPDU and the first time is guaranteed if the receiver's nominal packet padding capability is met.

[0178] The following provides an example related to Solution 1, with reference to Figure 8.

[0179] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram relating to the selection of a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0180] As shown in Figure 8, it is assumed that the nominal packet padding capability requested by the receiver is 20 microseconds, and the transmitter selects a duration of 8 microseconds for the PE field. Furthermore, based on steps 301 and 302 shown in Figure 7, the transmitter selects a2=3. The duration of the segment is 4 microseconds, and since the bits in data segment 4 and the PE field do not need to be processed by the receiver, the 12 microseconds required by the receiver's nominal packet padding capability can be satisfied. In another implementation, the transmitter may alternatively determine a1 based on a2, where a1=3-1=2. That is, the transmitter adds data segment 3. In this case, data segments 3 and 4 do not need to be processed by the receiver. The total duration of data segments 3, 4, and the PE field is 4+4+8=16 microseconds. Compared to the 12 microseconds required by the receiver, there are an additional 4 microseconds, and the receiver gains more processing time.

[0181] In the procedure shown in Figure 6, after the transmitter selects a2, in one implementation, the transmitter selects a init Based on =a2, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met. If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter will a init Based on =a1, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and then, based on the decision result, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set. In this implementation, it is found that the transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met twice. The process by which the transmitter selects the pre-forward error correction padding factor is complex and computationally intensive.

[0182] In another implementation, after selecting a2, the transmitter directly selects a1 based on a2, and a initBased on =a1, it is determined that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and then, based on the determination result, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is set. Compared to the previous implementation, in the latter implementation, a init Based on a2, the process of determining whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met is omitted. In other words, the number of times the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is determined is reduced by one, thus simplifying the transmitter's calculation process. However, after selecting a1, the transmitter still needs to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and the computational complexity is still relatively large.

[0183] In light of this, Solution 2 is provided below. Compared to any implementation in Solution 1, Solution 2 simplifies the complexity of selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor and also reduces the computational complexity of the selection process.

[0184] Solution 2

[0185] Figure 9 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0186] 401: The transmitter, based on the first duration, N SYM and T PE Calculate.

[0187] 402:T PE Based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, a2 is selected.

[0188] 403: The transmitter is a init = Based on a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate and then perform the coding. In the above, a1 is determined according to a2.

[0189] For example, the transmitter determines a1 according to the following equation and a2.

[0190] In the equation, a1 is determined from a2 and the following equation.

number

[0191] This equation is found to be equation (16) mentioned above. Further details will not be explained again.

[0192] 404: The transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0193] In step 404, the transmitter generating the first PPDU mainly involves the transmitter setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU. Specifically, the transmitter directly sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0194] 405: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0195] In Solution 2, after selecting a2, the transmitter, by default, assumes that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, calculates a1 directly based on a2, and then a init Coding is performed based on =a1. After coding is complete, the LDPC additional symbol segment field is directly set to 1. In other words, the LDPC additional symbol segment needs to be added by default, and a2 is carried in the LDPC additional symbol segment field.

[0196] In Solution 2, the transmitter does not need to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and as a result, the process of selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor is greatly simplified, and the complexity and computational cost are reduced.

[0197] The following provides an example of Solution 1 with reference to Figure 10.

[0198] Figure 10 is another schematic diagram relating to the selection of a pre-forward error correction padding factor by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0199] As shown in Figure 10, the transmitter selects a2=4 based on steps 401 and 402 in Figure 9. Based on this, the transmitter directly determines a1 based on a2, where a1=a2-1=3, i.e., directly adds data segment 3. In this case, data segments 3 and 4 do not need to be processed by the receiver. The total duration of data segments 3, 4, and the PE field can satisfy the receiver's nominal packet padding capability or may allow the receiver to gain more processing time.

[0200] The above describes a solution in which PPDU matching is implemented by controlling the duration of the PE field.

[0201] In solutions where PPDU matching is performed using the duration of the PE field, strict matching requirements exist, so it is found that the transmitter cannot randomly select the length of the MAC frame to be transmitted and the length of the PE field. The transmitter needs to adjust the length of the PE field (granularity of 4 microseconds) based on the target time (i.e., the first time) to perform PPDU end time matching. In this application, the length of the OFDM symbols in the data field of the EHT PPDU is one of 13.6 microseconds, 14.4 microseconds, or 16 microseconds, and the granularity is considered relatively large. As a result, the PPDU matching requirement cannot be met by using symbols in the data field. However, the PE field length granularity is a multiple of 4 microseconds, and the PPDU matching requirement can be met using an error threshold of 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds.

[0202] The following describes a solution in which PPDU alignment is achieved by controlling the duration of the EHT-SIG field.

[0203] (2) EHT-SIG field

[0204] Solution 3

[0205] In Solution 3, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field. The preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, which includes an initial portion and a padding portion. The duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols within the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field, and the first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU. The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0206] Solution 3 is explained below with reference to Figure 11.

[0207] Figure 11 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0208] 501: The transmitter has a duration of T in the PE field. PE Select N SYM Calculate.

[0209] Optionally, in one embodiment, the transmitter always selects the maximum duration of the PE field permitted by the communication standard.

[0210] For example, when at least one user uses at least eight spatial streams, or when 2 × 996 or more subcarrier resource units (RUs) or multiple resource units (MRUs) are allocated, or when the 4096 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme is used, the transmitter may select a 20-microsecond PE field, or in other cases, a 16-microsecond PE field. In this way, the transmitter may select a PE field.PE The advantage of choosing this option is that it ensures that the requirements for the nominal data padding capability of all receivers are met.

[0211] In another embodiment, the transmitter may alternatively select the shortest duration from the durations of the PE field that can satisfy the receiver's requirements for nominal packet padding capability.

[0212] PE field duration T PE After selection, the amount of symbols NSYM in the data field of the first PPDU is calculated according to the following formula (17).

number

[0213] In solutions where PPDU matching is performed by using the duration of the EHT-SIG field, it should be noted that the initial duration of the preamble of the first PPDU is used. The initial duration is the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU before the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added. After the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added, the preamble includes both the initial and padding portions of the EHT-SIG field. Therefore, the duration of the preamble is increased by the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field, based on the initial duration of the preamble. The initial portion of the EHT-SIG field is sufficient to carry the necessary signaling instruction information. The padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is described in detail below.

[0214] The transmitter calculates the remaining duration according to the following equation (18).

number

[0215] In this solution, it should be understood that the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the remaining duration. Therefore, the remaining duration is expressed as follows: T additional_EHT_SIG_est

[0216] Figure 12 shows the EHT PPDU obtained before the EHT-SIG field is padded, in accordance with this application. It should be noted that the duration of the preamble in Figure 12 is the initial duration of the preamble.

[0217] 502: The transmitter is T PE Based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability value, a second pre-forward error correction padding factor a2 is selected.

[0218] In step 502, if the duration of the PE field selected in step 501 already satisfies the requirements regarding the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, then a2 may be freely selected. That is, the duration of the PE field ensures that the receiver has sufficient processing time, and the transmitter may select a2 without being affected by the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0219] 503: The transmitter is N pld,u and N avbits,u to a init Calculate based on =a2, and then perform the coding.

[0220] 504: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0221] If the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met, the transmitter performs step 507.

[0222] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, two implementations are provided, which are shown below as Implementation 1 and Implementation 2.

[0223] Implementation 1

[0224] The transmitter first measures N according to the following equation (19). SYM And update the pre-forward error correction padding factor a.

number

[0225] The transmitter is an updated N SYMBased on and a, it is determined whether the requirements for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability are met. If the requirements are not met, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum length permitted by the communication standard, the duration of the PE field is extended by 4 microseconds to meet the requirements for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0226] Therefore, TPE satisfies the following equation (20).

number

[0227] Since the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds, the remaining duration is decreased by 4 microseconds. That is, T additional_EHT_SIG_est This satisfies equation (21).

number

[0228] In other words, in implementation 1, the duration of the PE field of the first PPDU ultimately generated by the transmitter is increased by 4 microseconds, which is added to the selected duration TPE of the PE field in step 501.

[0229] Implementation 2

[0230] In implementation 2, the transmitter performs step 505.

[0231] It should be noted that steps 503 and 504 are optional steps, as shown in the dashed boxes in Figure 11. In other words, after selecting a2 in step 502, the transmitter directly performs step 505, i.e., a init It can be determined as = a1. Here, a1 is determined based on a2.

[0232] 505: The transmitter is a init = Based on a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate it, and then execute the coding.

[0233] In the above, a1 is determined according to a2. For details, see equation (16) above.

number

[0234] The transmitter is a init = Based on a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate N pld,u and N avbits,u Based on this, perform EHT MU PPDU coding. After coding, N shrt,u and N punc,u This is obtained. In this way, the transmitter is N shrt,u and N punc,u Based on this, it is determined whether the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met.

[0235] If the transmitter performs steps 503 and 504 after step 502, and then performs step 505 based on the decision result in step 504, then in step 505, the transmitter a init Set to a1, that is, the transmitter is a init It should be noted that N should be updated from a2 to a1. In addition, SYM,init It also needs to be re-determined according to equation (16). Then the transmitter, a init = a1 and re-determined N SYM,init Based on N pld,u and N avbits,u Updated. Furthermore, N shrt,u and N punc,u The updated N pld,u and N avbits,u Based on, and updated N shrt,u and N punc,uBased on this, it is determined whether or not the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met.

[0236] 506: The transmitter determines whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0237] Similar to Solution 1 described above, the transmitter determines in both step 504 and step 506 whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met. However, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 504 is a init = is set based on a2, that is, it is set based on a2. In step 505, a init This is updated to a1. Therefore, the LDPC additional symbol segment condition in step 506 is a init It is set based on =a1, that is, it is set based on a1.

[0238] 507: The transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU depending on whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met.

[0239] As described above, if in step 504 the transmitter determines that the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is not met, the transmitter directly executes step 507. In this case, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to the second value, which indicates that an LDPC additional symbol segment does not need to be added, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0240] When setting the LDPC additional symbol segment field based on the decision result in step 506, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field according to the following principle:

[0241] If the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0242] If the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 0, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 1.

[0243] 508: The transmitter calculates the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU.

[0244] Specifically, the transmitter determines the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field according to equation (22) (hereinafter, T additional_EHT_SIG Calculate (as shown).

number

number

number

[0245] Note that the remaining duration T in equation (22) additional_EHT_SIG_est This is the remaining duration obtained after updating according to equation (21).

[0246] 509: The transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0247] Figure 13 shows the EHT PPDU obtained after the EHT-SIG field has been padded, in accordance with this application. It can be seen that after the EHT-SIG field has been padded (or after the padding portion has been added to the EHT-SIG field based on the initial portion of the EHT-SIG field), the duration of the preamble is also increased accordingly. Specifically, the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field is added based on the initial duration of the preamble.

[0248] 510: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0249] In Solution 3, the transmitter pads the EHT-SIG field based on the time limit for the first time to align the end time of the first PPDU with the first time. Compared to Solutions 1 and 2 described above, in Solution 3, the duration of the PE field can be freely selected and is more flexible.

[0250] In addition, the procedure in Figure 12 is intended solely to facilitate understanding of the solution of this application, and it should be understood that the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is divided into different steps. In fact, in this application, the process by which the transmitter generates the first PPDU is the process by which the transmitter determines the duration of each field and sets the fields of each field. Thus, steps 507 and 508 may also be combined with step 509 and are considered steps in the process of generating the first PPDU. Therefore, the steps in Figure 12 are used merely as examples, and these steps may be combined into fewer steps or divided into more steps. This should not constitute any limitation on the solution itself.

[0251] Similarly, to simplify the complexity of selecting a pre-forward error correction padding factor and reduce the computational cost in the selection process, Solution 4 is provided below.

[0252] Solution 4

[0253] Figure 14 is another flowchart relating to the generation and transmission of a first PPDU by a transmitter, in accordance with this application.

[0254] 601: The transmitter has a duration of T in the PE field. PE Select N SYM Calculate.

[0255] 602: The transmitter is T PE Based on the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, a2 is selected.

[0256] 603: The transmitter is a init = Based on a1, N pld,u and N avbits,u Calculate and then perform the coding. In the above, a1 is determined according to a2.

[0257] 604: The transmitter calculates the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field.

[0258] 605: The transmitter generates the first PPDU.

[0259] Specifically, the transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field of the first PPDU. The transmitter sets the LDPC additional symbol segment field to 1, and the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries 2.

[0260] 606: The transmitter transmits the first PPDU.

[0261] In Solution 4, in addition to the PE field duration being more flexible and freely selectable, the transmitter does not need to calculate whether the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met. As a result, the process of selecting the pre-forward error correction padding factor is greatly simplified, and the complexity and computational load are reduced.

[0262] In addition to the PE field and EHT-SIG field, PPDU matching can also be implemented by controlling the duration of the EHT-LTF field.

[0263] (3) EHT-LTF field.

[0264] When the type of the EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU is 1x EHT-LTF (in which case the duration of each symbol in the EHT-LTF field excluding the GI portion is 3.2 microseconds) or 2x EHT-LTF (in which case the duration of each symbol in the EHT-LTF field excluding the GI portion is 6.4 microseconds), the transmitter may perform PPDU matching by padding the EHT-LTF field.

[0265] In other words, in this solution, the EHT-LTF field includes an initial portion and a padding portion. The process for calculating the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field is similar to the process for calculating the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field, and only the formula for calculating the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field needs to be replaced by the following formula (23).

number

[0266] In summary, the transmitter may first obtain the remaining duration through calculation by using solution 3 or solution 4, and then calculate the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field according to equation (23). The EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU finally produced by the transmitter includes the initial portion and the padding portion.

[0267] Since the duration granularity of each symbol, excluding the guard interval in 1x EHT-LTF and 2x EHT-LTF, is relatively small and close to 4 microseconds, and can satisfy the alignment requirements, it should be understood that the EHT-LTF field is selected to be padded in order to perform PPDU alignment. In addition, as herein, when Solution 3 or Solution 4 is used in combination with a solution for padding the EHT-LTF, only the total length of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field and the EHT-SIG field is used to perform the remaining duration T in order to perform the alignment. additional_EHT_SiG_est It needs to be as close as possible.

[0268] Those skilled in the art will understand how to calculate the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-LTF field by referring to the aforementioned process for calculating the duration of the padding portion of the EHT-SIG field. Details are not described again here to avoid repetition.

[0269] (4) Delay the transmission time of the first PPDU.

[0270] In this solution, the transmitter first needs to calculate the remaining duration according to equation (24).

number

[0271] After acquiring the remaining duration, the transmitter delays the start time of the first PPDU. Specifically, the delayed duration is equal to the remaining duration T. additional_EHT_SiG_est It can be a period of time.

[0272] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram relating to the implementation of first PPDU matching by delaying the transmission time of the first PPDU in accordance with this application. As shown in Figure 15, the transmitter calculates the remaining duration based on the first duration, and then delays the start time of the first PPDU after the remaining duration.

[0273] It should be noted that if the delay time is excessively long, the air interface may be preempted by a third-party device, and the transmitter may miss the opportunity to transmit. Therefore, the transmitter may delay the start time of the first PPDU in combination with the above solution or its implementation to control whether the delayed duration exceeds a threshold, e.g., 4 microseconds.

[0274] (5) Use the above solutions in combination.

[0275] The above describes several solutions for implementing PPDU alignment. Based on this, a person skilled in the art can combine the aforementioned solutions, or any one of them, to implement PPDU alignment.

[0276] Several solutions for implementing EHT MU PPDU alignment are described above, and solutions for implementing EHT TB PPDU alignment are described below.

[0277] 2.EHT TB PPDU alignment

[0278] As described above, for EHT TB PPDUs, the AP first sends a trigger frame. In order to implement PPDU matching, it is first necessary to ensure that as many trigger frames as possible on different links are matched.

[0279] To ensure the most accurate matching of trigger frames possible, the transmitter may select different types of PPDUs to carry trigger frames over different links.

[0280] Figure 16 shows the structures of several different types of PPDUs in accordance with this application. In Figure 16, (a), (b), and (c) are non-high throughput (non-HT) PPDU, high throughput (HT) PPDU, and very high throughput (VHT) PPDU, respectively. The length of each symbol in the three types of PPDUs is 4 microseconds, and there is no PE field. Thus, the matching requirement with an error of 4 microseconds can be easily met.

[0281] Since the length of each symbol in the three types of PPDU is 4 microseconds, the number of symbols in the first PPDU can be calculated according to the following formula.

number

number

[0282] When the transmitter uses HE PPDU to carry the trigger frame, HE PPDU has four formats: HE SU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, HE ER SU PPDU, and HE TB PPDU. As shown in Figure 17, the trigger frame can be carried in the first three formats.

[0283] Figure 17 shows several HE PPDU formats in accordance with this application. In Figure 17, (a), (b), and (c) are HE SU PPDU, HE MU PPDU, and HE ER SU PPDU, respectively. The three formats are similar to EHT MU PPDU, and any one of the solutions for integrating EHT MU PPDU described above can be used.

[0284] If trigger frames are being carried and the start times of PPDUs on two or more links are the same, the transmitter can select PPDUs of the same length, thereby ensuring trigger frame alignment.

[0285] However, for a triggered EHT TB PPDU, it can be guaranteed that the EHT TB PPDUs sent on all links will be matched within an error range, provided that the AP generates the trigger frame and the same uplink length is selected for all links.

[0286] Furthermore, AP can simplify factor selection and perform alignment by selecting PE fields of the same duration, the same number of symbols in the data field, the same guard interval and type in the EHT-LTF field, the same number of symbols in the EHT-LTF field, the same pre-FEC padding factor, LDPC additional symbol segment fields of the same duration, and PE unambiguity fields of the same duration.

[0287] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of EHT TB PPDU alignment in accordance with this application.

[0288] As shown in Figure 18, it is assumed that the transmitter triggers the receiver to transmit EHT TB PPDU1 on link 1 by using trigger frame 1, and the receiver to transmit EHT TB PPDU2 on link 2 by using trigger frame 2. To perform matching between EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2, the transmitter first ensures that the end time of trigger frame 1 is aligned with the end time of trigger frame 2. Based on this, the transmitter performs matching between EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2 by selecting EHT TB PPDU1 and EHT TB PPDU2 having the same uplink length.

[0289] Similar to the EHT MU PPDU matching in the aforementioned solution, EHT TB PPDU matching may be within a specific error range. For example, the time interval between the end time of EHT TB PPDU1 and the end time of EHT TB PPDU2 may be within a specific error range, which could be, for example, 4 microseconds or 8 microseconds.

[0290] In Figures 1, 16, and 17, * represents multiplication.

[0291] In addition, in the formula of the embodiment of this application,

number

number

[0292] The above describes in detail a method for transmitting PPDU in this application. The following describes a communication device for transmitting PPDU provided in this application.

[0293] Figure 19 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to this application. As shown in Figure 19, the communication device 1000 includes a processing unit 1100 and a transmitting unit 1300. Optionally, the communication device may further include a receiving unit 1200, as indicated by the dashed box in Figure 19.

[0294] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may correspond to the transmitter in this embodiment of the present application. In this case, the parts of the communication device 1000 are configured to implement the following functions.

[0295] The processing unit 1100 controls the duration of one or more fields among the PE field, EHT-SIG field, and EHT-LTF field of the first PPDU, and / or delays the transmission time of the first PPDU, so that the error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is not greater than an error threshold.

[0296] The transmitting unit 1300 is configured to transmit the first PPDU.

[0297] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, the duration of the PE field being determined based on a first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the first duration being the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0298] Optionally, in one embodiment, the number of symbols in a data field is determined based on a first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0299] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field, the preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, and the EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion.

[0300] The duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols within the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field. The first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU.

[0301] The duration of the padding is a multiple of 4 microseconds.

[0302] Optionally, in one embodiment, the number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field.

[0303] Optionally, in one embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity-check LDPC additional symbol segment field.

[0304] The LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set to a secondary value, the EHT-SIG field carries the secondary pre-forward error correction padding factor, the secondary value indicating that an LDPC Additional Symbol Segment is not required, the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set when the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is not met, and the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is set based on the secondary pre-forward error correction padding factor. The secondary pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0305] The LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set to a first value, the EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first value indicating that an LDPC Additional Symbol Segment should be added, the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set when the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is met, the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0306] The LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set to a secondary value, the EHT-SIG field carries the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, the secondary value indicating that an LDPC Additional Symbol Segment is not required, the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment field is set when the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is not met, and the LDPC Additional Symbol Segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0307] In this embodiment of the present application, a first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a first PPDU is coded by using the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and as a result, the duration that can be used by the receiver to decode the first PPDU is extended compared to the duration for coding the first PPDU by using the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0308] Optionally, in one embodiment, the EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check LDPC additional symbol segment field, which is set to a first value, the LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, the first value indicating that an LDPC additional symbol segment should be added, and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0309] Optionally, in one embodiment, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation.

number

[0310] Here, a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor.

[0311] Optionally, in one embodiment, the duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds.

[0312] The duration of the PE field is increased by 4 microseconds in the following cases: This occurs when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are met, the requirements for the receiver's nominal packet padding capability are not met after the LDPC additional symbol segment has been added, the remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and the duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowable duration.

[0313] The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on a second pre-forward error correction padding factor, which is determined based on the duration of the PE field acquired before the addition of 4 microseconds and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability.

[0314] The remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbols in the data field, and the duration of the PE field acquired before the 4 microseconds were added.

[0315] In the above implementation, the receiving unit 1200 and the transmitting unit 1300 may also be integrated into a single transceiver unit that has both receiving and transmitting functions. This is not limited herein.

[0316] In an embodiment of a transmitter corresponding to the communication device 1000, the processing unit 1100 is configured to perform processing and / or operations implemented internally by the transmitter, in addition to transmission and reception operations. The receiving unit 1200 is configured to perform reception operations, and the transmitting unit 1300 is configured to perform transmission operations.

[0317] For example, in Figure 5, the processing unit 1100 executes step 210, and the transmission unit 1300 executes step 220.

[0318] As another example, in Figure 6, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 301 to 307, and the transmission unit 1300 performs step 308.

[0319] As another example, in Figure 9, the processing unit 1100 executes steps 401 to 404, and the transmission unit 1300 executes step 405.

[0320] As another example, in Figure 11, the processing unit 1100 performs steps 501 to 509, and the transmission unit 1300 performs step 510.

[0321] As another example, in Figure 14, the processing unit 1100 executes steps 601 to 605, and the transmission unit 1300 executes step 606.

[0322] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram relating to the configuration of a communication device according to the present application. As shown in Figure 20, the communication device 10 includes one or more processors 11, one or more memories 12, and one or more communication interfaces 13. The processor 11 is configured to control the communication interfaces 13 for receiving and transmitting signals. The memories 12 are configured to store computer programs. The processor 11 is configured to call computer programs from the memories 12 and to execute the computer programs, so that the communication device 10 performs the processing performed by the transmitter in embodiments of the method of the present application.

[0323] For example, the processor 11 may have the functions of the processing unit 1100 shown in Figure 19, and the communication interface 13 may have the functions of the receiving unit 1200 and / or transmitting unit 1300 shown in Figure 19. Specifically, the processor 11 may be configured to perform processing or operations that are performed inside the communication device, and the communication interface 13 may be configured to perform transmitting and / or receiving operations that are performed by the communication device.

[0324] In one implementation, the communication device 10 may be a transmitter in the method embodiment. In this embodiment, the communication interface 13 may be a transceiver. The transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter. Optionally, the processor 11 may be a baseband device, and the communication interface 13 may be a radio frequency device.

[0325] In another implementation, the communication device 10 may be a chip (or chip system) installed on the transmitter. In this implementation, the communication interface 13 may be an interface circuit or an input / output interface.

[0326] Optionally, the dashed boxes behind components (e.g., processor, memory, or communication interface) in Figure 20 indicate that there may be two or more components.

[0327] In another implementation, the communication interface 13 may include a radio frequency circuit and an antenna. The radio frequency circuit and antenna may be located independently of the processor that performs baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuit and antenna may be located away from and independently of the communication equipment.

[0328] The processor may be configured to perform, for example, baseband-related processing, and the transceiver may be configured to perform, for example, radio frequency reception and transmission, for example,

[0329] Optionally, the memory and processor in the embodiments of the apparatus described above may be physically independent units, or the memory and processor may be integrated together. This is not limited herein.

[0330] In addition, this application further provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions. When a computer instruction is executed on a computer, an operation and / or process performed by a transmitter is executed in an embodiment of the method of this application.

[0331] In addition, this application further provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code or instructions. When the computer program code or instructions are executed on a computer, the operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in embodiments of the method of this application are executed.

[0332] In addition, the present application further provides a chip comprising a processor, memory configured to store computer programs located independently of the chip, and the processor configured to execute the computer programs stored in the memory, thereby enabling a transmitter on which the chip is installed to perform operations and / or processes performed by the transmitter in any one of the embodiments of the method.

[0333] Furthermore, the chip may include a communication interface. This communication interface could be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, etc. Additionally, the chip may include memory.

[0334] Optionally, there may be one or more processors, one or more memory locations, and one or more memory locations.

[0335] In addition, the present application further provides a communication device (which may be, for example, a chip or a chip system) including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is configured to receive (or referred to as input) data and / or information and to transmit the received data and / or information to the processor. The processor processes the data and / or information. The communication interface is further configured to output (or referred to as output) the data and / or information processed by the processor, thereby performing the operations and / or processing performed by the transmitter in any one of the embodiments of the method.

[0336] In addition, the present application further provides a communication device comprising at least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to at least one memory, and the at least one processor being configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, thereby enabling the communication device to perform operations and / or processes performed by a transmitter in any one of the embodiments of the method.

[0337] In addition, this application further provides a communication device including a processor and memory. Optionally, the communication device may further include a transceiver. The memory is configured to store computer programs. The processor is configured to invoke and execute the computer programs stored in memory and to control the transceiver to receive and transmit signals, so that the communication device performs operations and / or processes performed by a transmitter in any one of the embodiments of the method.

[0338] The memory in the embodiments of this application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM) and may be used as an external cache. Many forms of RAM are available, not as an example but as an example, including static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synclink dynamic random access memory (synclink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DRRAM). It should be noted that the memory in the systems and methods described herein includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable type of memory.

[0339] All or part of the methods provided in the embodiments described above may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement the embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product may include one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded into a computer and executed, a procedure or function is generated, in whole or in part, according to the embodiments of this application. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or another programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, computer instructions may be transmitted by wired means (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, or digital subscriber line) or wireless means (e.g., infrared, radio, or microwave) from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center. Computer-readable storage media may be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device that integrates one or more available media, such as a server or data center.

[0340] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the numbers “first” and “second” are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish the same or similar items that have essentially the same function and purpose. For example, the first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor are used simply to distinguish two different pre-forward error correction padding factors. Those skilled in the art will understand that the numbers “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that the words “first” and “second” do not indicate a clear distinction.

[0341] In embodiments of this application, “at least one” means one or more, and “a plurality of” means two or more. The term “and / or” describes a relationship between related objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following three cases: A exists alone, both A and B exist, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. The letter “ / ” generally indicates an “or” relationship between related objects. At least one of the following items (pieces), or similar expressions, represent any combination of these items, including one item (piece) or any combination of multiple items (pieces). For example, at least one of a, b, or c may represent a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, and c may be singular or plural.

[0342] Those skilled in the art will recognize, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein, that units and algorithmic steps may be implemented by electronic hardware, or by a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or by software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the functions described for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0343] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, the detailed operating processes of the aforementioned systems, apparatus, and units can be referenced to the corresponding processes in the embodiments of the methods described above. Further details are not described herein.

[0344] In this application, unless otherwise specified, identical or similar parts of the embodiments may be referenced to one another. Unless otherwise specified or to avoid logical inconsistencies, the terminology and / or descriptions in the embodiments and the implementations of the embodiments are consistent and may be referenced to one another between different embodiments and between implementations of the embodiments. Technical features and implementations of different embodiments may be combined, based on their internal logical relationships, to form new embodiments, embodiments, or implementations. The following embodiments of this application are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0345] It should be understood that the systems, apparatus, and methods disclosed in some embodiments provided in this application may be implemented in other ways. For example, the embodiments of the apparatus described are merely examples. For example, the division into units is merely a logical functional division, and other divisions may be used in actual implementations. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be implemented through some interfaces. Indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatus or units may be implemented electronically, mechanically, or in other forms.

[0346] Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to the actual requirements in order to achieve the objectives of the solution of the embodiment.

[0347] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into a single processing unit, and each unit may exist physically independently, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit.

[0348] When a function is implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, the function may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, or a portion of it that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be implemented in the form of a software product. A computer software product is stored on a storage medium and contains several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device) to perform all or some of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, removable hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0349] The foregoing description is merely a specific implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications or substitutions readily conceivable by a person skilled in the art within the scope of the art disclosed herein shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of this application is subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for receiving a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), A step of receiving a first PPDU, wherein the error between the end time of the first PPDU and a first time is less than or equal to an error threshold, and the first time is the target of the end time of the first PPDU. The steps of processing the first PPDU, Includes, The error, which is below the aforementioned error threshold, is achieved by adjusting the duration of one or more fields among the packet expansion (PE) field, the ultra-high throughput signal (EHT-SIG) field, and the ultra-high throughput long training field (EHT-LTF) field of the first PPDU. The first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field. The aforementioned preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, and The aforementioned EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion, The duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols within the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field, and The first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU. The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds. method.

2. The duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The method according to claim 1.

3. The number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The method according to claim 2.

4. The number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The method according to claim 1.

5. The EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the second value, The aforementioned EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second value indicates that there is no need to add an LDPC additional symbol segment. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, or The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the first value, The aforementioned EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first value indicates that an additional LDPC symbol segment needs to be added. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, or The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the second value, The EHT-SIG field carries the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, The second value indicates that there is no need to add an LDPC additional symbol segment. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met. The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability. The method according to claim 2.

6. The EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field. The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the first value, The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first value indicates that an additional LDPC symbol segment needs to be added. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver. The method according to claim 2.

7. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation: [Math 1] Here, a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The method according to claim 5.

8. The duration of the PE field is The conditions for adding a symbol segment to LDPC are met. After the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the requirements regarding the receiver's nominal packet padding capability are not met. The remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and The duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowable duration. Sometimes it is increased by only 4 microseconds. The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field acquired before 4 microseconds were added, and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, The remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbol in the data field, and the duration of the PE field, all of which were acquired before the addition of 4 microseconds. The method according to claim 1.

9. A communication device for transmitting Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs), A receiving unit configured to receive the first PPDU, A processing unit configured to process the first PPDU, The error between the end time of the first PPDU and the first time is less than or equal to the error threshold, and the first time is the target end time of the first PPDU, and The error, which is below the aforementioned error threshold, is achieved by adjusting the duration of one or more fields among the packet expansion (PE) field, the ultra-high throughput signal (EHT-SIG) field, and the ultra-high throughput long training field (EHT-LTF) field of the first PPDU. The first PPDU includes a preamble, a data field, and a PE field. The aforementioned preamble includes an EHT-SIG field, and The aforementioned EHT-SIG field includes an initial portion and a padding portion, The duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols within the data field. The initial duration of the preamble does not include the duration of the padding portion within the EHT-SIG field, and The first duration is the duration between the first time and the start time of the first PPDU. The duration of the padding portion is a multiple of 4 microseconds. Communication device.

10. The duration of the PE field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble of the first PPDU, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The communication device according to claim 9.

11. The number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The communication device according to claim 10.

12. The number of symbols in the data field is determined based on the first duration, the initial duration of the preamble, the duration of the PE field, and the duration of the symbols in the data field. The communication device according to claim 9.

13. The EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the second value, The aforementioned EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second value indicates that there is no need to add an LDPC additional symbol segment. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, or The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the first value, The aforementioned EHT-SIG field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first value indicates that an additional LDPC symbol segment needs to be added. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment condition is met, and The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability, or The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the second value, The EHT-SIG field carries the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, The second value indicates that there is no need to add an LDPC additional symbol segment. The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field is set when the LDPC additional symbol segment conditions are not met. The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the first pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the receiver's nominal packet padding capability. The communication device according to claim 10.

14. The EHT-SIG field of the first PPDU carries a low-density parity check (LDPC) additional symbol segment field. The LDPC additional symbol segment field is set to the first value, The aforementioned LDPC additional symbol segment field carries a second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The first value indicates that an additional LDPC symbol segment needs to be added. The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver. The communication device according to claim 10.

15. The first pre-forward error correction padding factor and the second pre-forward error correction padding factor satisfy the following equation: [Math 2] Here, a1 represents the first pre-forward error correction padding factor, and a2 represents the second pre-forward error correction padding factor. The communication device according to claim 13.

16. The duration of the PE field is The conditions for adding a symbol segment to LDPC are met. After the LDPC additional symbol segment is added, the requirements regarding the receiver's nominal packet padding capability are not met. The remaining duration is 4 microseconds or more, and The duration of the PE field does not reach the maximum allowable duration. Sometimes it is increased by only 4 microseconds. The LDPC additional symbol segment condition is set based on the second pre-forward error correction padding factor, and The second pre-forward error correction padding factor is determined based on the duration of the PE field acquired before 4 microseconds were added, and the nominal packet padding capability of the receiver, The remaining duration is determined based on the first duration, the duration of the preamble, the duration of the symbol in the data field, and the duration of the PE field, all of which were acquired before the addition of 4 microseconds. The communication device according to claim 9.

17. A communication device, The aforementioned communication device includes a transceiver, The communication device is configured to carry out the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8. Communication device.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instruction is executed on the computer, the computer becomes capable of carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Computer-readable storage medium.

19. It's a tip, The chip comprises a processing circuit and transceiver pins, and when an instruction is executed by the processing circuit, the chip is enabled to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Tip.

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