Joint structures and automotive frame components

Abstract

To provide a joining structure capable of suppressing deformation of a resin member caused by pressurizing force associated with joining; and to provide a vehicular skeleton component.SOLUTION: A joining structure according to one aspect of the present invention has a metallic member, a resin member and a joining member. The metallic member has a metallic tubular part and the resin member has a through-hole. The metallic tubular part is inserted into a through-hole of the resin member, and the joining member has a shank inserted inside the metallic tubular part, and a pair of engagement parts positioned at both ends of the shank. The joining member, in a state in which the shank is inserted into the metallic tubular part, joins the metallic member and the resin member by using a resin side engagement part positioned on the resin member side in the pair of engagement parts, and a metallic side engagement part positioned on the metallic member side in the pair of engagement parts. In an overlapping area overlapping with the resin side engagement part when viewed in a direction along a shaft center, a length of a presence range in the shaft center direction of the resin member into which the metallic tubular part is inserted is a length or less of the presence range of the shaft center direction of the metallic tubular part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a joining structure and a skeletal part of an automobile.

Background Art

[0002] While there is a demand for improved fuel efficiency in automobiles, collision safety regulations are becoming more stringent. Therefore, lightweighting and improved collision safety are required for the skeletal parts of automobiles. To achieve this, the application of high-strength steel sheets to the skeletal parts of automobiles is expanding. In addition, for further lightweighting of automobiles, the use of resin reinforcing materials such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is also being considered. However, welding steel members and resin members is difficult. Therefore, adhesives are used for joining these members. However, the joining strength of adhesives is lower than that of welding.

[0003] If the strength of the joint between a steel member and a resin member decreases, there is a risk that the joint will break when the member is deformed due to a collision under very severe conditions. Therefore, even if the strength of each member is improved, there is a risk that the load-bearing capacity of the entire skeletal part will be insufficient. Thus, there is a need for a joining method that improves the strength of the joint that joins a metal member, particularly a high-strength steel member, and a resin member.

[0004] So far, the inventors have found that the cross-tensile strength of a joint (rivet joint) obtained by riveting high-strength steel sheets together is significantly higher than that of a spot weld joint. Furthermore, the inventors have found that the tensile shear strength of the rivet joint can also be improved by strengthening the rivet. Rivet joining is a joining method in which a through-hole is formed in a plate-like member, the shaft portion of the rivet is inserted through this through-hole, the tip of the shaft portion of the rivet is plastically deformed at room temperature, and the steel sheet is caulked by the head and the plastically deformed portion of the rivet. Also, the same effect can be obtained by joining members other than rivets, such as bolts and nuts.

[0005] However, when applying mechanical fastening such as rivets to join metal and resin components, there is a problem in that the resin deforms due to the pressure applied to the joining components.

[0006] As a conventional example of a joining structure for joining a metal member and a resin member, a joining structure for a battery is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses a battery comprising: an electrode assembly including electrodes; a case housing the electrode assembly and having terminal lead-out holes; an electrode terminal having a base portion and a rivet portion protruding from the base portion, the rivet portion being provided so as to penetrate the terminal lead-out holes of the case; a sealing member provided between the case and the electrode terminal to seal the gap between the case and the electrode terminal, having a cylindrical portion mounted on the outer circumference of the rivet portion and a flat plate portion extending outward in a flat plate shape from one end of the cylindrical portion, the flat plate portion being provided on the side of the case, either on the outside or inside, where the base portion of the electrode terminal is located; and a connecting plate for electrically connecting the electrodes inside the case to the electrode terminal, the connecting plate being mounted on the outer circumference of the rivet portion, wherein the case is provided with an edge-raised portion having a raised edge shape on the edge of the terminal lead-out holes.

[0007] Although it is not a joining structure that joins metal members and resin members, a rivet joining structure that joins metal members together is disclosed in Patent Document 2. Patent Document 2 discloses a joining structure for thin plates in which a joining shaft is inserted through joining holes formed in a thin plate and the object to be joined, and the thin plate and the object to be joined are tightened with a fixing part that is integral to or separate from the joining shaft, characterized in that a cylindrical flange is continuously provided protruding around the joining hole formed in the thin plate, and a bag-shaped part that fits onto the outer circumference of the cylindrical flange is provided on the joining shaft or fixing part. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-26884 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-12421 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] The technology described in Patent Document 1 is a technique for joining a metal case to a resin sealing member such as fluororubber using rivets, and aims to improve sealing performance. However, Patent Document 1 does not consider the strength of the joint structure at all. Furthermore, Patent Document 1 does not disclose any means to mitigate the mechanical effects that the rivets have on the sealing member.

[0010] The technology described in Patent Document 2 aims to provide a thin plate joining structure that can join thin plate members with high strength and rigidity using joining pins. In the joining technology disclosed in Patent Document 2, the members joined to the thin plate are metal members, and there is no mention of joining resin to thin steel plates. Furthermore, Patent Document 2 does not disclose means for mitigating the mechanical effects that the joining structure has on the resin member.

[0011] In view of the above circumstances, the object of the present invention is to provide a joining structure for joining a resin member and a metal member, which can suppress deformation of the resin member due to the pressure applied during joining, and a structural component for an automobile. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] The gist of this invention is as follows:

[0013] (1) A joining structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a joining structure comprising a plate-shaped metal member, a plate-shaped resin member, and a joining member that joins the metal member and the resin member in an overlapping state, wherein the metal member has a metal cylindrical portion whose axis is oriented along the plate thickness direction, the resin member has a through hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion, the metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole of the resin member, the joining member has a shaft portion inserted into the interior of the metal cylindrical portion, and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion, and the joining member has the shaft portion With the metal cylindrical portion inserted, the metal member and the resin member are joined by restricting the movement of the metal member and the resin member along the axis using the resin-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the resin member side and the metal-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the metal member side, and in the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial range of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial range of the metal cylindrical portion. (2) In the bonding structure described in (1) above, the resin member may be composed of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate or a laminate containing a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate. (3) In the joining structure described in (1) or (2) above, the resin member has a resin cylindrical portion provided along the edge of the through hole of the resin member, with its axis aligned with the plate thickness direction, and in a view along the axis, the length of the area in the axial direction where the metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the resin member and the resin cylindrical portion in the overlapping area within 5 mm from the outer edge of the resin side locking portion may be less than or equal to the length of the area in the axial direction where the metal cylindrical portion is located. (4) The joint structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (3) may further include an intermediate material disposed between the resin member and the resin-side locking portion. (5) In the joint structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (4), the joint member may consist of a nut and a bolt, and the head of the bolt and the nut may be the pair of locking parts. (6) In the joint structure described in (5) above, one of the heads of the nut and the bolt is the resin-side locking portion, the other of the heads of the nut and the bolt is the metal-side locking portion, and a washer having a larger outer diameter than the resin-side locking portion may be provided between the resin-side locking portion and the resin member. (7) In the joining structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (4), the joining member may be a hot-crimping rivet having a head and a deformable portion provided at both ends of the shaft portion, wherein the head is the resin-side locking portion and the deformable portion is the metal-side locking portion. (8) The joint structure described in (7) above may further include a heat-insulating intermediate material disposed between the resin member and the locking portion provided on the side of the resin member. (9) In the joining structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (8), the number of metal members and resin members, or one or both, may be two or more. (10) The joining structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (9) may further include an adhesive layer provided between the metal member and the resin member. (11) In the joining structure described in any one of the above items (1) to (10), the metal cylindrical portion of the metal member is provided on both sides of the metal member, and a plate-shaped member which is the metal member or the resin member and has a through hole is arranged to sandwich the metal member having the metal cylindrical portion, and each of the two metal cylindrical portions is inserted through the through hole of the plate-shaped member. (12) In the joining structure described in (11) above, all of the plate-shaped members may be the resin members. (13) In the joining structure according to any one of (1) to (10) above, the metal cylindrical portion of the metal member is provided only on one side of the metal member, the number of the metal members provided with the metal cylindrical portion is two, and the two metal members provided with the metal cylindrical portion are arranged such that the surfaces without the metal cylindrical portion face each other, whereby the two metal cylindrical portions protrude in opposite directions from each other. Two or more plate-like members, which are the metal member or the resin member and have the through-holes, are arranged so as to sandwich the two metal members having the metal cylindrical portions, and each of the two metal cylindrical portions may be inserted into the through-hole. (14) In the joining structure according to (13) above, all of the plate-like members may be the resin members.

[0014] (15) The skeletal component of an automobile according to another aspect of the present invention has the joining structure according to any one of (1) to (14) above.

Advantages of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, there are provided a joining structure for joining a resin member and a metal member, which can suppress deformation of the resin member due to the pressing force accompanying the joining, and a skeletal component of an automobile.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure in which a resin member has a deformation avoidance region and a wall thickness region. [Figure 3] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having a resin cylindrical portion. [Figure 4] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having an intermediate member. [Figure 5A] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having bolts, nuts, and washers. [Figure 5B] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a joining structure having bolts, nuts, and washers. [Figure 6] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having a rivet. [Figure 7] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having a rivet and a heat-insulating intermediate member. [Figure 8A] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure with two resin members. [Figure 8B] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure with two metal members. [Figure 8C] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a joining structure with two metal members. [Figure 8D] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of another example of a joining structure with two metal members. [Figure 8E] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having a metal cylindrical portion provided on both sides with a metal member. [Figure 8F] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a joining structure having two metal members arranged such that two metal cylindrical portions project in opposite directions. [Figure 9] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a conventional joining structure.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0017] A joining structure 1 according to one aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises a plate-shaped metal member 11, a plate-shaped resin member 12, and a joining member 13 that joins the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 in an overlapping state, wherein the metal member 11 has a metal cylindrical portion 111 whose axis X is aligned with the plate thickness direction, the resin member 12 has a through hole 121 with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted through the through hole 121 of the resin member 12, and the joining member 13 has a shaft portion 13A inserted into the interior of the metal cylindrical portion 111, and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion 13A. The joining member 13 joins the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 by restricting the movement of the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 along the axis X with the resin-side locking portion 13B located on the resin member 12 side of the pair of locking portions and the metal-side locking portion 13C located on the metal member 11 side of the pair of locking portions, with the shaft portion 13A inserted through the metal cylindrical portion 111. The length of the existence range R1 in the axis X direction of the resin member 12 through which the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted in the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion 13B when viewed in the direction along the axis X is less than or equal to the length of the existence range R2 in the axis X direction of the metal cylindrical portion 111. The details of the joining structure 1 according to this embodiment will be described below.

[0018] (Metal member 11) The joining structure 1 has a plate-shaped metal member 11. The metal member 11 is the base material in the joining structure 1, that is, the member to be joined. The metal member 11 is made of metal and has a metal cylindrical portion 111. The metal cylindrical portion 111 is formed such that its axis X is aligned with the thickness direction of the metal member 11. Most preferably, the axis X of the metal cylindrical portion is parallel to the thickness direction of the metal member 11. However, the axis X of the metal cylindrical portion and the thickness direction of the metal member 11 may be at a slight angle.

[0019] The shaft portion 13A of the connecting member 13 is inserted inside the metal cylindrical portion 111. Furthermore, this metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted through the through-hole 121 of the resin member 12. Hereafter, when simply referred to as "axis X," it means the axis of the metal cylindrical portion 111.

[0020] (Resin component 12) The joint structure 1 further includes a plate-shaped resin member 12 superimposed on the metal member 11. The resin member 12 is the base material in the joint structure 1, that is, the member to be joined. The resin member 12 is made of resin and has a through hole 121. The metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted through the through hole 121. Therefore, the inner diameter of the through hole 121 is larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111.

[0021] (Jointing member 13) The joining structure 1 further includes a joining member 13 that joins the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 in an overlapping state. The joining member 13 has a shaft portion 13A and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion 13A. The joining member 13 is, for example, a rivet 133, or a bolt 131 and nut 132. The axis X of the metal cylindrical portion 111 usually substantially coincides with the axis of the joining member 13.

[0022] The shaft portion 13A is inserted inside the metal cylindrical portion 111. As described above, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted through the through hole 121 of the resin member 12, so the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13 penetrates both the metal member 11 and the resin member 12.

[0023] A pair of locking parts are located at both ends of the shaft portion 13A. Of these locking parts, the one provided on the metal member 11 side is called the metal-side locking part 13C, and the one provided on the resin member 12 side is called the resin-side locking part 13B. The metal-side locking part 13C and the resin-side locking part 13B restrict the movement of the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 along the axis X of the metal cylindrical portion 111. To restrict the movement of the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 along the axis X, for example, the outer diameter of the metal-side locking part 13C can be made larger than the inner diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111, and the outer diameter of the resin-side locking part 13B can be made larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 121 of the resin member 12. This prevents the joining member 13 from falling off the metal member 11 and the resin member 12, and joins the metal member 11 and the resin member 12.

[0024] Furthermore, the movement of the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 along the axis X only needs to be restricted to a certain range. In other words, the resin member 12 may be allowed to move slightly along the axis X. On the other hand, the intermediate material 14 and the resin cylindrical part 122, etc., described later, may be used to prevent the resin member 12 from moving along the axis X.

[0025] (Relationship between the area R1 where the resin member 12 exists and the area R2 where the metal cylindrical portion 111 exists) In the overlapping region where the resin-side locking portion 13B overlaps when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial range R1 of the resin member 12 through which the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial range R2 of the metal cylindrical portion 111. Here, the length of the axial range R1 of the resin member 12 is the maximum thickness of the portion of the resin member 12 sandwiched between the resin-side locking portion and the metal member. The thickness of the resin member is the thickness measured along the axial direction of the metal cylindrical portion 111. The length of the axial range R2 of the metal cylindrical portion 111 is the height of the metal cylindrical portion 111, with respect to the surface of the metal member on the side where the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided. The height of the metal cylindrical portion 111 is the height measured along the axial direction of the metal cylindrical portion 111.

[0026] By setting the range R1 of the resin member 12 and the range R2 of the metal cylindrical portion 111 within the above-described ranges, the metal cylindrical portion 111 acts as a spacer provided between the resin member 12 and the resin-side locking portion 13B. As a result, the situation in which the resin member 12 is compressed and deformed by the resin-side locking portion 13B is avoided.

[0027] When mechanically joining a metal member 11 and a resin member 12, a problem arises when the joining member 13 deforms the resin member 12. For example, in parts requiring high joining strength, such as the frame parts of an automobile, the joining member 13 needs to be made of a strong material. However, when joining the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 using a joining member 13 made of such a strong material, as shown in Figure 9, for example, the resin-side locking portion 13B bites into the inside of the resin member 12, causing the resin member 12 to deform under pressure. If the joining member 13 is a rivet 133, the resin member 12 deforms when the tip of the rivet 133 is deformed to crimp the members. If the joining member 13 is a bolt 131 and a nut 132, the resin member 12 deforms when the bolt 131 is tightened. As a result, the strength of the resin member 12 at the joint deteriorates, and the joining strength of the joining structure 1 is impaired.

[0028] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 1, if the length of the area R1 in the axial X direction of the resin member 12 is less than or equal to the length of the area R2 in the axial X direction of the metal cylindrical portion 111, the resin-side locking portion 13B will not deform the resin member 12. This results in a joint member 13 with high joint strength.

[0029] However, it is not necessary for the range R1 of the resin member 12 in the axial X direction to be as described above throughout the entire joint structure 1. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the thickness of the resin member 12 may be increased in a region away from the outer edge of the resin-side locking portion, thereby improving the strength of the joint structure 1. In other words, if there is a thickness region 124 outside the region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion 13B in an axial view, and the thickness of that overlapping region is greater than the thickness of that overlapping region, it is preferable that a deformation avoidance region 123 with the same thickness as the thickness of the overlapping region is formed between the overlapping region and the thickness region 124.

[0030] Furthermore, the metal cylindrical portion 111 also serves to prevent contact between the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13 and the inner surface of the through-hole 121 of the resin member 12. This prevents damage to the inner surface of the through-hole 121 of the resin member 12. For example, if the joining member 13 is composed of a bolt and a nut, the metal cylindrical portion 111 can prevent damage to the inner surface of the through-hole 121 of the resin member 12 due to the threads of the bolt.

[0031] Furthermore, since the metal cylindrical portion 111 acts as a spacer provided between the resin member 12 and the resin-side locking portion 13B, if the intermediate material 14 described later is not provided, the resin member 12 may be able to move slightly along the axis X.

[0032] (Material and shape of resin component 12) The material of the resin member 12 is not particularly limited, but when the joint structure 1 is used as a frame component of an automobile, it is preferable that the resin member 12 be made of, for example, a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sheet or a laminate including a carbon fiber reinforced plastic sheet. Since CFRP sheets and CFRP laminates are very strong, the strength of the joint structure 1 can be further increased. Although CFRP is a material that is prone to surface damage, in the joint structure 1 according to this embodiment, stress is not easily applied to the CFRP from the resin-side locking portion 13B. Therefore, surface damage to the CFRP is suppressed in the joint structure 1 according to this embodiment.

[0033] Furthermore, the thickness of the resin member 12 does not have to be uniform. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the thickness of the resin member can be reduced in the area joined by the joining member, and increased in the other areas.

[0034] (Resin cylindrical part 122) As shown in Figure 3, the resin member 12 may have a resin cylindrical portion 122. The resin cylindrical portion 122 is a portion provided along the edge of the through hole 121 of the resin member 12, with its axis aligned with the plate thickness direction. By using the resin member 12, the movement of the resin member 12 along its axis X can be restricted. This further improves the vibration resistance of the joint structure 1. However, if the tip of the resin cylindrical portion 122 comes into contact with the resin-side locking portion 13B, deformation may occur in the resin member 12. Therefore, when a resin cylindrical portion 122 is provided, it is preferable that the length of the range R3 in the direction of the axis X of the resin cylindrical portion 122 is less than or equal to the length of the range R2 in the direction of the axis X of the metal cylindrical portion 111. Here, the length of the range R3 in the direction of the axis X of the resin cylindrical portion 122 is the height of the resin cylindrical portion 122, with respect to the surface of the resin member 12 on the side where the resin cylindrical portion 122 is provided. The height of the resin cylindrical portion 122 is measured along the axial direction of the metal cylindrical portion 111.

[0035] (Intermediate material 14) As shown in Figure 4, the joint structure 1 may further include an intermediate material 14 positioned between the resin member 12 and the resin-side locking portion 13B. Here, "intermediate material 14" refers to a member included in the joint structure 1 but not the target of joining by the joint structure 1, i.e., a member other than the base material. For example, when joining multiple plate-shaped members using bolts, nuts, and washers, the plate-shaped members correspond to the base material, and the washers correspond to the intermediate material. The intermediate material 14 prevents the resin member 12 from moving along the axis X. This further improves the vibration resistance of the joint structure 1. The material and other configurations of the intermediate material 14 can be appropriately selected according to the configuration of the joining member 13. Also, unlike the resin cylindrical portion 122 described above, the intermediate material 14 is a separate member from the resin member 12, so the intermediate material 14 does not need to be separated from the resin-side locking portion 13B. This is because deformation of the intermediate material 14 does not affect the strength of the joint structure 1. Specific examples of the intermediate material 14 will be described along with examples of the specific configuration of the joining member 13, which will be discussed later.

[0036] (Nut 132 and bolt 131) An example of a joining member 13 is a nut 132 and a bolt 131. The shaft portion of the bolt 131 (hereinafter referred to as "bolt shaft portion 131A") becomes the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13, and the head of the bolt 131 (hereinafter referred to as "bolt head portion 131B") and the nut 132 become a pair of locking portions of the joining member 13. The nut 132 may be a resin-side locking portion 13B or a metal-side locking portion 13C. Similarly, the bolt head portion 131B may be a resin-side locking portion 13B or a metal-side locking portion 13C.

[0037] If the joining member 13 is a nut 132 and a bolt 131, the joining structure 1 may further include a washer 15. The washer 15 is preferably placed between the resin-side locking portion 13B and the resin member 12, as illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B. The washer is preferably larger in outer diameter than the resin-side locking portion. This makes it possible to more reliably prevent deformation of the resin member 12 by the resin-side locking portion 13B. The washer 15 also acts as an intermediate material 14 that prevents the resin member 12 from moving along the axis X. As shown in Figure 5A, the inner diameter of the through hole of the washer 15 may be larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111, thereby allowing the metal cylindrical portion 111 to be inserted through the through hole 121 of the washer 15. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 5B, the inner diameter of the through-hole of the washer 15 may be made smaller than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111 and larger than the outer diameter of the bolt shaft portion 131A, thereby positioning the washer 15 between the metal cylindrical portion 111 and the resin-side locking portion 13B.

[0038] (Rivet 133) Another example of a joining member 13 is a rivet 133. A typical rivet has a head and a shaft, and joins members by inserting the shaft into a through-hole in the member and then plastically deforming the tip of the shaft. This plastic deformation process is called riveting. In the joining structure 1 according to this embodiment, the rivet 133 also has a shaft and a head and deformable parts provided at both ends of the shaft. Hereinafter, the head, shaft, and deformable parts of the rivet 133 will be referred to as the rivet head 133B, the rivet shaft 133A, and the rivet deformable part 133C.

[0039] In the joining structure 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, it is preferable that the rivet head 133B is the resin-side locking portion 13B and the rivet deformable portion 133C is the metal-side locking portion 13C. When riveting is performed on the side of the resin member 12, heat is transferred from the rivet deformable portion 133C to the resin member 12, and the resin member 12 may be altered by the heat. On the other hand, the rivet head 133B is less likely to be heated during riveting than the rivet deformable portion 133C. Therefore, by making the rivet head 133B the resin-side locking portion 13B, it is possible to obtain not only the effect of preventing pressure deformation of the resin member 12 but also the effect of preventing thermal deformation.

[0040] The rivet 133 may be a cold-riveted rivet or a hot-riveted rivet. A cold-riveted rivet is a rivet 133 that has been riveted at room temperature, while a hot-riveted rivet is a rivet 133 that has been riveted while heated and softened. A hot-riveted rivet has traces of hot working, such as a molten and solidified area or a heat-affected zone. On the other hand, a cold-riveted rivet does not have a molten and solidified area or a heat-affected zone. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether a rivet is a cold-riveted rivet or a hot-riveted rivet based on the presence or absence of traces of hot working.

[0041] Cold riveting is advantageous in that it requires simple riveting equipment and can suppress thermal deformation of the resin component 12. On the other hand, high-strength materials cannot be used with cold riveting. This is because the higher the strength of the rivet material, the more difficult it becomes to induce plastic deformation at low temperatures. Therefore, cold riveting is suitable for joining parts where the required joint strength is low.

[0042] Hot-riveted rivets have the advantage of being applicable to high-strength materials. For example, when the rivet is made of steel, it is desirable to hot-rive rivets with a tensile strength of 360 MPa or more. Also, it is preferable to hot-rive rivets with a Vickers hardness of 130 HV or more. Hot-riveting of rivets can be performed using spot welding equipment. By clamping the rivet head and the tip of the rivet shaft with spot welding electrodes and applying pressure while applying current, the rivet 133 can be heated by current and riveted in a short time. However, there is a risk of thermal deformation of the resin member 12 during hot-riveting.

[0043] One way to prevent thermal deformation of the resin member 12 is to use the rivet head 133B as the resin-side locking portion 13B, as described above. The rivet head 133B, especially its outer circumference, does not easily heat up when heated by electrical current. This is presumed to be because the current path during electrical heating is mainly formed along the rivet shaft portion 133A. In this case, the outer circumference of the rivet head 133B, which is located outside the main current path, has a low current density and low heat input. Therefore, by using the rivet head 133B as the resin-side locking portion 13B, heat input to the resin member 12 can be prevented.

[0044] Another means of preventing thermal deformation of the resin member 12 is to place an insulating intermediate material 14 between the rivet head 133B, which is the resin-side locking portion 13B, and the resin member 12, as shown in Figure 7. In this case, the intermediate material 14 has the effect of preventing thermal deformation of the resin member 12 by hindering heat input to the resin member 12, and the effect of preventing the resin member 12 from moving along the axis X.

[0045] (Number of components) The number of resin members 12 and metal members 11 is not particularly limited. In the example shown in Figure 1, there is one resin member 12 and one metal member 11. On the other hand, the number of either or both of the resin members 12 and metal members 11 may be two or more. For example, when the resin member 12 is placed on the outermost surface of the plate assembly, the benefits of the joint structure 1 according to this embodiment can be enjoyed even more strongly.

[0046] In the example shown in Figure 8A, there are two resin members 12 and one metal member 11. In this case, the range of existence R1 of the resin members 12 is considered to be the range of existence of all resin members 12 through which the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted. The metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted through the through holes 121 of both resin members 12. Furthermore, in a view along the axis, in the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion 13B in a view along the axis X, the length of the axial range of existence R1 of the two resin members through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial range of existence R2 of the metal cylindrical portion. Even with two or more resin members 12, the effect of preventing deformation of the resin members 12 can be obtained.

[0047] In the examples of Figures 8B, 8C, and 8D, there is one resin member 12 and two metal members 11. In the example of Figure 8B, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided only on the metal member 11 that is in contact with the resin member 12. In the example of Figure 8C, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided only on the metal member 11 that is not in contact with the resin member 12. The metal member 11 that does not have the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided with a through hole 121. In the example of Figure 8D, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided on both metal members 11. In all configurations, in the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion 13B when viewed in the direction along the axis X, the length of the axial range R1 of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial range R2 of the metal cylindrical portion. This provides the effect of preventing deformation of the resin member 12. More preferably, in the example shown in Figure 8C, in the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in a direction along the axis, the total length of the axial range of the resin member and the metal member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial range of the metal cylindrical portion.

[0048] If there are multiple metal cylindrical parts 111, the range R2 of the metal cylindrical parts is considered to be the range of all metal cylindrical parts 111. If one of the multiple metal cylindrical parts is provided protruding more than the others, the tip of the protruding metal cylindrical part becomes the end of the range R2 of the metal cylindrical parts.

[0049] Furthermore, if there are two or more metal members 11, the metal members 11 can be temporarily joined by spot welding or the like, and then the metal members 11 and resin members 12 can be joined using the joining member 13. In this case, the joining structure 1 further includes a welded section for joining the metal members 11.

[0050] In the joint structure illustrated in Figure 1, the metal cylindrical portion 111 is provided on only one side of the metal member 11. However, the metal cylindrical portion 111 may be provided on both sides of the metal member 11. In this case, as shown in Figure 8E, the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 may be sandwiched between plate-shaped members. The plate-shaped members are a general term for resin members 12 or metal members 11 other than the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 described above. The plate-shaped members only need to have through holes as described above. Then, each of the two metal cylindrical portions 111 provided on both sides of the metal member 11 is inserted into the through holes 121 of the plate-shaped members. This makes it possible to place plate-shaped members on both surfaces of the plate assembly and prevent deformation of them. In this case, it is preferable that the joint member 13 is composed of a bolt 131 and a nut 132. More preferably, all plate-shaped members are made of resin members 12, so that the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 is sandwiched between two or more resin members 12. However, the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 may also be sandwiched between the resin members 12 and the metal member 11. If resin members 12 are arranged on both sides of the joint structure 1, both of the pair of locking portions of the joint member 13 are considered to be resin-side locking portions 13B.

[0051] Even when the metal cylindrical portion is provided on only one side of the metal member, a configuration similar to that shown in Figure 8E can be achieved by using two metal members with the metal cylindrical portion. In this case, as shown in Figure 8F, the two metal members are arranged so that the sides without the metal cylindrical portion face each other. As a result, the metal cylindrical portions protrude in opposite directions. Then, the two metal members having the metal cylindrical portion are sandwiched between plate-shaped members. In this case, each of the two metal cylindrical portions 111 provided on both sides of the metal member 11 is inserted into the through-hole 121 of the plate-shaped member. As a result, plate-shaped members can be placed on both surfaces of the plate assembly, similar to the configuration exemplified in Figure 8E, and deformation of these members can be prevented. More preferably, all plate-shaped members are made of resin members 12, so that the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 is sandwiched between two or more resin members 12. However, the metal member 11 having the metal cylindrical portion 111 may be sandwiched between the resin member 12 and the metal member 11. If the resin member 12 is arranged on both sides of the joint structure 1, both of the pair of locking portions of the joint member 13 are considered to be the resin-side locking portions 13B.

[0052] (adhesive layer) The joining structure 1 may be further provided with joining means other than the joining member 13 described above. For example, the joining structure 1 may be further provided with an adhesive layer between the metal member 11 and the resin member 12. This can further increase the joining strength of the joining structure 1.

[0053] (Other configurations) In addition to those described above, various other preferred configurations can be applied to the joint structure 1 according to this embodiment. Other preferred configurations are described below as examples.

[0054] The number of joining members 13 included in the joining structure 1 is not limited. In the joining structure 1 illustrated in Figure 1, there is only one joining member 13, but the joining structure 1 may have two or more joining members 13. In this case, it is not necessary to provide a metal cylindrical portion 111 for all joining members 13. For example, in places where high joining strength is required, a metal cylindrical portion 111 may be provided on the metal member 11 to suppress deformation of the resin member 12, while in other places, the metal cylindrical portion 111 may not be provided on the metal member 11. Therefore, a joining structure 1 having the above configuration for at least one joining member 13 is considered to be the joining structure 1 according to this embodiment.

[0055] (Material of metal component 11) The material of the metal member 11 is not particularly limited. For example, if the metal member 11 is made of steel, especially high-strength steel (for example, a steel sheet with a tensile strength TS of approximately 590 MPa or more), it is preferable because it can improve the strength of the joint structure 1. More preferably, the metal member 11 is made of steel with a tensile strength of 1180 MPa or more, and even more optimally, 1500 MPa or more. The upper limit of the tensile strength of the metal member 11 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 2700 MPa or less. On the other hand, the metal member 11 may be made of mild steel. The metal member 11 may also be made of aluminum, titanium, etc. Various surface treatments may be applied to the metal member 11. For example, the metal member 11 may have GA plating, GI plating, EG plating, Zn-Mg plating, Zn-Al plating, Zn-Ni plating, Zn-Al-Mg plating, Al plating, paint, and Zn-based plating (Zn-Fe, Zn-Ni-Fe) and Al-based plating (Al-Fe-Si) alloyed with the base metal by hot stamping. Even materials or surface treatment layers unsuitable for welding can be easily applied to the metal member 11 of the joint structure 1 according to this embodiment.

[0056] The thickness of the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 is not particularly limited. Hereinafter, the metal member 11 and the resin member 12 will be collectively referred to as "members". The thickness of the members may be, for example, 0.5 mm to 3.6 mm. Multiple members may have different thicknesses. Suitable combinations include, for example, a two-layer construction of a member with a thickness of approximately 1.6 mm and a member with a thickness of approximately 2.3 mm, or a three-layer construction of a member with a thickness of 0.75 mm, a member with a thickness of 1.8 mm, and a member with a thickness of 1.2 mm. Suitable ranges of member combinations include, for example, a two-layer construction of a member with a thickness of approximately 0.4 mm to 2.9 mm and a member with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 5.0 mm, or a three-layer construction of a member with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 1.6 mm, a member with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 5.0 mm, and a member with a thickness of 0.4 mm to 2.9 mm.

[0057] The shape of the through-hole in the resin member can be, for example, circular. Alternatively, the shape of the through-hole may be polygonal, such as a quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon, or octagon. The corners of these polygons may be given curvature. Furthermore, the shape of the through-hole may be elliptical, or a circle with a convex or concave portion. In this case, it is preferable to match the cross-sectional shape of the outer surface of the metal cylindrical part to the through-hole in the resin member. Making the through-hole a shape other than circular is even more desirable because it prevents the joined members from rotating around the through-hole of the joined member and reduces looseness at the joint.

[0058] The diameter of the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13 is not particularly limited, and a value can be appropriately selected according to the application of the joining structure 1. For example, if the joining structure 1 is an automobile part and the metal member is a high-strength steel plate, it is preferable that the diameter of the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13 be 3 mm or more, 4 mm or more, or 5 mm or more. This allows the joining structure 1 to be provided with the joining strength required for automobile parts. The diameter of the shaft portion 13A is the minimum width of the shaft portion 13A measured along the direction perpendicular to the axis in a cross-section including the axis of the joining member 13. The inner diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111 of the metal member 11 and the inner diameter of the through hole 121 of the resin member 12 can be appropriately selected according to the diameter of the shaft portion 13A of the joining member 13.

[0059] If the joining member 13 is a rivet 133, the shape of the rivet head 133B may be a general flange shape. For example, the shape of the rivet head 133B can be hemispherical (so-called round head), disc-shaped (so-called flat head), or a shape with a flat surface and a conical base (so-called countersunk head). The shape of the rivet head 133B in plan view can be, for example, circular, square, or polygonal, such as a hexagon. A positioning recess may be provided in the center of the electrode side of the rivet head 133B. In addition, a recess (so-called seat undercut) surrounding the rivet shaft portion 133A may be provided on the seat portion (the surface that contacts the material to be joined) of the rivet head 133B. Such a recess imparts elasticity to the rivet head 133B, thereby further increasing the crimping force of the rivet 133. In addition, one or more flange protrusions may be provided on the seat portion (the surface that contacts the material to be joined) of the rivet head 133B. Such flange projections increase the crimping force of the rivet 133 by embedding into the material to be joined during riveting or by forming a joint with the material to be joined. The shape of the flange projections can be circular, polygonal, or a ring shape surrounding the rivet shaft portion 133A.

[0060] The material of the joining member 13 is not particularly limited. A material suitable for the required joining strength can be applied to the joining member 13. Examples of suitable materials for the joining member 13 include steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and titanium. The joining member 13 does not need to be surface treated. On the other hand, if corrosion resistance is required for the joining structure 1, the joining member 13 may be surface treated. For example, the joining member 13 may be plated with zinc, aluminum, chromium, nickel, or chromate.

[0061] The length of the metal cylindrical portion 111 is not particularly limited, and a value can be appropriately selected according to the total plate thickness of the member into which the metal cylindrical portion 111 is inserted.

[0062] The outer diameter of the resin-side locking portion 13B is larger than the inner diameter of the through-hole 121 of the resin member 12 facing it. Within this range, the outer diameter of the resin-side locking portion 13B can be freely selected. Similarly, the outer diameter of the metal-side locking portion 13C is larger than the inner diameter of the metal cylindrical portion 111 or the through-hole 121 of the metal member 11 facing it. Within this range, the outer diameter of the metal-side locking portion 13C can be freely selected.

[0063] Next, the frame components of the automobile according to this embodiment will be described. The frame components of the automobile according to this embodiment have a joining structure 1 according to this embodiment. As a result, the frame components of the automobile according to this embodiment have high joining strength despite having a resin member 12 that is difficult to weld and is easily deformed by mechanical joining. [Examples]

[0064] The effects of one aspect of the present invention will be further explained in detail by the examples. However, the conditions in the examples are merely examples of conditions adopted to confirm the feasibility and effects of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to these examples of conditions. The present invention can adopt various conditions as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the invention and achieves the objectives of the present invention.

[0065] Various joining structures were manufactured, each comprising a plate-shaped metal member, a plate-shaped resin member, and a joining member that joins the metal and resin members in an overlapping state. In all joining structures, there was one metal member and one resin member. The joining member was a hot-crimped rivet. The metal member had a cylindrical metal portion whose axis was aligned with the thickness direction of the plate. Table 1 shows the height of the cylindrical metal portion and the thickness of the resin plate for these joining structures. Note that the height of the cylindrical metal portion is the height relative to the surface from which the cylindrical metal portion rises. When the height of the cylindrical metal portion is greater than the thickness of the resin plate, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the cylindrical metal portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the cylindrical metal portion.

[0066] Furthermore, these connecting members were disassembled, and the surface of the resin members was visually inspected to check for deformation. The presence or absence of deformation is recorded in Table 1.

[0067] [Table 1]

[0068] In Example A, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion was inserted was greater than the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. As a result, the rivet head and the resin member were not separated during riveting, causing the resin member to deform.

[0069] In Examples B to D, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion was inserted was less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. In Examples B to D, no pressure deformation of the resin member occurred. Furthermore, in Examples B and C, the rivet head was used as the resin-side locking portion. Therefore, in Examples B and C, not only pressure deformation but also thermal deformation caused by heat during riveting was prevented. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0070] 1 Joint structure 11 Metal components 111 Metal cylindrical part 12 Resin components 121 Through-hole 122 Resin cylindrical part 123 Deformation avoidance area 124 Thick area 13 Joining members 13A Shaft 13B Resin-side locking part 13C Metal side locking part 131 volts 131A Bolt shaft 131B Bolt head 132 nuts 133 rivets 133A Rivet shaft 133B Rivet Head 133C Rivet deformation 14 Intermediate material 15 washers X-axis center R1 Range of presence of resin component R2 Extent range of the metal cylindrical part R3 Extent range of resin members and resin cylindrical parts

Claims

1. A plate-shaped metal member, A plate-shaped resin member, A joining member that joins the metal member and the resin member in an overlapping state, A joint structure having, The aforementioned metal member has a cylindrical metal portion whose axis is aligned with the thickness direction of the plate, The resin member has a through hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole of the resin member. The joining member has a shaft portion inserted into the metal cylindrical portion and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion. The joining member joins the metal member and the resin member by restricting the movement of the metal member and the resin member along the axis, with the shaft portion inserted through the metal cylindrical portion, using the resin-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the resin member side and the metal-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the metal member side. In the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. The resin member has a resin cylindrical portion provided along the edge of the through hole of the resin member, with its axis aligned with the thickness direction of the plate. In a view along the axis, in the overlapping region within 5 mm from the outer edge of the resin locking portion, the length of the axial range of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted and the resin cylindrical portion is less than or equal to the length of the axial range of the metal cylindrical portion. Joint structure.

2. The bonding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the resin member is made of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate or a laminate containing a carbon fiber reinforced plastic plate.

3. The joining structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an intermediate material disposed between the resin member and the resin-side locking portion.

4. The aforementioned joining member is composed of a nut and a bolt. The joining structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the head of the bolt and the nut are the pair of locking parts.

5. One of the heads of the nut and the bolt is the resin-side locking portion, and the other of the heads of the nut and the bolt is the metal-side locking portion. A washer having a larger outer diameter than the resin-side locking portion is provided between the resin-side locking portion and the resin member. The joining structure according to feature 4.

6. A plate-shaped metal member, A plate-shaped resin member, A joining member that joins the metal member and the resin member in an overlapping state, A joint structure having, The aforementioned metal member has a cylindrical metal portion whose axis is aligned with the thickness direction of the plate, The resin member has a through hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole of the resin member. The joining member has a shaft portion inserted into the metal cylindrical portion and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion. The joining member joins the metal member and the resin member by restricting the movement of the metal member and the resin member along the axis, with the shaft portion inserted through the metal cylindrical portion, using the resin-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the resin member side and the metal-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the metal member side. In the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. The joining member is a hot-crimping rivet having a head and a deformable portion provided at both ends of the shaft portion, The head portion is the resin-side locking portion, and the deformed portion is the metal-side locking portion. A joining structure further comprising a heat-insulating intermediate material disposed between the resin member and the locking portion provided on the side of the resin member.

7. The joining structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number of one or both of the metal members and the resin members is two or more.

8. The joining structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an adhesive layer provided between the metal member and the resin member.

9. A plate-shaped metal member, A plate-shaped resin member, A joining member that joins the metal member and the resin member in an overlapping state, A joint structure having, The aforementioned metal member has a cylindrical metal portion whose axis is aligned with the thickness direction of the plate, The resin member has a through hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole of the resin member. The joining member has a shaft portion inserted into the metal cylindrical portion and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion. The joining member joins the metal member and the resin member by restricting the movement of the metal member and the resin member along the axis, with the shaft portion inserted through the metal cylindrical portion, using the resin-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the resin member side and the metal-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the metal member side. In the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion of the metal member is provided on both sides of the metal member. The aforementioned metal member or resin member, and having the aforementioned through-hole, is arranged to sandwich the aforementioned metal member having the aforementioned metal cylindrical portion. Each of the two metal cylindrical portions is inserted through the through-hole of the plate-shaped member. Joint structure.

10. The joining structure according to claim 9, characterized in that all of the plate-like members are made of resin.

11. A plate-shaped metal member, A plate-shaped resin member, A joining member that joins the metal member and the resin member in an overlapping state, A joint structure having, The aforementioned metal member has a cylindrical metal portion whose axis is aligned with the thickness direction of the plate, The resin member has a through hole with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion is inserted through the through hole of the resin member. The joining member has a shaft portion inserted into the metal cylindrical portion and a pair of locking portions located at both ends of the shaft portion. The joining member joins the metal member and the resin member by restricting the movement of the metal member and the resin member along the axis, with the shaft portion inserted through the metal cylindrical portion, using the resin-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the resin member side and the metal-side locking portion of the pair of locking portions located on the metal member side. In the overlapping region that overlaps with the resin-side locking portion when viewed in the direction along the axis, the length of the axial region of the resin member through which the metal cylindrical portion is inserted is less than or equal to the length of the axial region of the metal cylindrical portion. The metal cylindrical portion of the metal member is provided on only one side of the metal member. The number of metal members provided with the metal cylindrical portion is two. The two metal members, each provided with a metal cylindrical portion, are arranged so that the surfaces without the metal cylindrical portion face each other, and as a result, the two metal cylindrical portions protrude in opposite directions. Two or more plate-shaped members, which are the metal member or the resin member and have the through-hole, are arranged so as to sandwich the two metal members having the metal cylindrical portion. Each of the two aforementioned metal cylindrical parts is inserted through the aforementioned through hole. Joint structure.

12. The joining structure according to claim 11, characterized in that all of the plate-like members are made of resin.

13. A frame component for an automobile having the joining structure described in claim 1 or 2.

Images