Coating composition, method for forming a coating layer, and coating layer

Abstract

This product provides a coating layer suitable for application to moving objects such as automobiles, as well as tires, wheels, and window glass, offering excellent antistatic properties, gloss, moisture, stain resistance, water repellency, durability, driving stability, and cost-effectiveness. [Solution] The coating composition of the present invention is a coating composition used by applying or spraying it onto a moving body such as an automobile, and contains a binder, a nanotransition metal, an ionic liquid, and water, wherein the nanotransition metal is present in an amount of 0.0005 to 0.25% by weight and the ionic liquid is present in an amount of 0.05 to 15% by weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coating composition, a method for forming a coating layer by applying or spraying the coating composition to an automobile, a tire, a wheel, a window glass, a motorcycle, a railway vehicle, a heavy machine, a ship, an aircraft, an agricultural working machine, a construction machine, and a coating layer formed by applying or spraying the coating composition.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, for the exterior of moving bodies such as automobiles, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machines, ships, aircraft, agricultural working machines, construction machines, etc., coating agents mainly composed of silicone, siloxane, etc. have been used for the purpose of protection, antifouling, water repellency, oil repellency, improvement of aesthetics, prevention of fading, etc., and the treatment with such coating agents has been frequently used.

[0003] On the other hand, at present, which is a turning point in the social structure, the electrification and smartification of moving bodies such as automobiles are progressing, and for the purpose of safety, weight reduction, improvement of fuel efficiency, etc., the replacement of the metal of the vehicle body members with resin materials such as fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) is advancing. However, these resin materials accumulate static electricity due to the contact and friction between the moving body and the air. If the amount of this accumulation increases, it may have an adverse effect on the electronic circuits of the control system and the driving system, and the static electricity itself becomes a resistance to the air and deteriorates the driving performance such as the driving stability of the moving body. Since the vehicle body members tend to increase from metal materials to plastic materials, it is assumed that the amount of static electricity accumulation will increase more than before. Although coating agents having an antistatic function capable of suppressing these have been studied in recent years, they have not been in a situation that sufficiently satisfies the driving performance such as the driving stability of moving bodies. Furthermore, it is assumed that the demand for coating agents having an antistatic function for vehicles mainly running on electricity such as battery electric vehicles (BEV) in the future will increase.

[0004] Furthermore, surfactant-based antistatic agents, which are used to reduce the accumulation of static electricity, have poor durability because they are easily washed away with water. Therefore, it was necessary to create an antistatic agent with a more lasting effect.

[0005] An antistatic coating composition containing a specific amount of sulfonate having a specific structure has been proposed for the purpose of providing excellent antistatic properties and good transparency, and for use as a coating for automobile exteriors and interiors, building materials, machinery products, electrical products, general household goods, decorative items, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-118571).

[0006] Furthermore, with the aim of providing a coating agent that combines excellent antistatic function and water repellency / hydrophobicity, suitable for application to automobile body components, particularly those made of resin materials such as plastics and fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP), a coating agent composition comprising a specific amount of water-dispersible polyorganosiloxane, pyridinium salt-based ionic liquid, and water has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7057879). [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 7-118571 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7057879 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] While the prior art described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 mentions transparency and excellent antistatic properties, antistatic coating compositions contain solvents, which can cause the coated surface to deteriorate easily, and they also have the drawback of insufficient antistatic performance.

[0009] To solve the aforementioned problems of the prior art, the present invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art by applying or spraying a coating composition containing a specific amount of binder, nanotransition metals such as nanogold, nanoniobium, and nanozirconium, an ionic liquid, and water onto automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The coating composition of the present invention is a coating composition used by applying or spraying it onto automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and is characterized in that it contains a binder, a nanotransition metal, an ionic liquid, and water, wherein the nanotransition metal is present in an amount of 0.0005 to 0.25% by weight and the ionic liquid is present in an amount of 0.05 to 15% by weight, and the nanotransition metal is nanogold, nanoniobium, and nanozirconium.

[0011] The coating composition of the present invention is characterized by containing carbon nanotubes or an antistatic agent.

[0012] The coating composition of the present invention is characterized by containing carbon nanotubes and an antistatic agent.

[0013] The coating composition of the present invention is characterized in that the weight ratio of the ionic liquid to the nanotransition metal is 20 / 1 to 2000 / 1.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for forming a coating layer, characterized by applying or spraying the aforementioned coating composition onto the surface of automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and allowing the moisture to evaporate to form a hardened coating film.

[0015] The coating layer of the present invention is characterized by being formed by the above-described coating layer formation method.

[0016] The method for forming a coating layer of the present invention is to apply or spray the coating composition having a solid content concentration of 15 parts by weight or more onto the surfaces of automobiles, tires, wheels, window glasses, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and form a cured coating film by volatilizing moisture, and then apply or spray the coating composition having a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight onto the surface of the cured coating film, and form a cured coating film by volatilizing moisture.

[0017] The coating layer of the present invention is characterized by being formed by the coating layer forming method.

Effects of the Invention

[0018] By using the coating composition of the present invention, a coating layer excellent in antistatic property, gloss, antifouling property, water repellency, durability, running stability, and cost effectiveness, which is suitable for application to automobiles, tires, wheels, window glasses, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, can be formed.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, examples and embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0020] The binder of the present invention is used for the purpose of fixing nano gold, nano niobium, nano transition metals such as nano zirconium, and ionic liquids after drying by applying or spraying the coating composition of the present invention onto automobiles, tires, wheels, window glasses, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and known ones can be appropriately selected and used according to the object such as automobiles. Specifically, water-dispersible silicone and modified silicone can be mentioned as the binder.

[0021] The nano gold, nano niobium, nano zirconium and other nano transition metals of the present invention have a high affinity for objects such as automobiles and are not only used for the purpose of imparting sustainability and durability, but the obtained coating film has a moist gloss and a metallic tone, and can also impart antistatic and antifouling properties. The average particle size of the nano transition metal needs to be 200 nm or less, and the average particle size is preferably 100 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less, and particularly preferably 30 nm or less. Examples of the nano transition metal include nano gold, nano niobium, and nano zirconium.

[0022] The amount of the nano gold, nano niobium, and nano zirconium nano transition metals of the present invention must be 0.0005 to 0.25% by weight of the nano transition metal in the coating composition, preferably 0.001 to 0.2% by weight, more preferably 0.003 to 0.1% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.05% by weight. When the amount of the nano transition metal is less than 0.0005% by weight, the antistatic property, durability, sustainability, antifouling property, gloss, and moistness are inferior, and the desired effects of the present invention cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the amount of the nano transition metal is more than 0.25% by weight, not only the cost becomes high, but also color spots may occur or the color tone may change, which is not preferable. In addition, the nano transition metal used in the present invention can also be used by mixing two or more different types of nano transition metals, and a synergistic effect can be exhibited by the combination of the nano transition metals.

[0023] The ionic liquid of the present invention is mainly used for improving the antistatic property, and the obtained coating film has high image quality and looks beautiful. As the ionic liquid, known ones can be used without particular limitation. Examples of the ionic liquid include combinations of cations selected from imidazolium, pyridinium, ammonium, phosphonium, and combinations thereof with anions selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, hydrogen sulfate, acetate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, thiocyanate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and combinations thereof, as well as amine salts and amidine systems.

[0024] The amount of ionic liquid in the present invention must be 0.05 to 15% by weight in the coating composition, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 7% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.7 to 4% by weight. If the amount of ionic liquid is less than 0.05% by weight, the antistatic properties, gloss, and moisture will be poor, and the durability, longevity, and stain resistance will also be inferior, and the desired effects of the present invention cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of ionic liquid is more than 15% by weight, not only will the cost be high, but the coatability will be poor and workability will be reduced, the coating film may yellow, and the stain resistance of the coating film may decrease.

[0025] The coating composition of the present invention, by combining the above-mentioned binder, nanotransition metal, and ionic liquid, exhibits even higher affinity to objects such as automobiles, further enhanced durability and longevity, and simultaneously provides antistatic properties, gloss, and water repellency. Increased antistatic properties have the effect of releasing static electricity accumulated during driving into the air. This effect allows air to flow smoothly over the vehicle body, reducing stress on the vehicle while driving and potentially improving fuel efficiency and electricity consumption.

[0026] In this invention, it is preferable to use carbon nanotubes to enhance antistatic properties by imparting conductivity, improve gloss, and enhance penetration and adhesion to the coating film. There are no particular restrictions on the carbon nanotubes used, and all known types can be used, but single-walled carbon nanotubes are more preferable in terms of the balance of safety, cost, and performance. Since the carbon nanotubes are used in the aqueous coating composition of this invention, a water-dispersible type is preferred.

[0027] The amount of carbon nanotubes in the present invention is preferably 0.000005 to 0.02% by weight in the coating composition, more preferably 0.00001 to 0.004% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.00003 to 0.0004% by weight. If the amount of carbon nanotubes is less than 0.000005% by weight, the antistatic properties, gloss, moisture, durability, and longevity will be inferior, and the desired effects of the present invention will not be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of carbon nanotubes is more than 0.02% by weight, not only will the cost increase, but the coatability will be poor and workability will decrease, and the balance with other formulations will be poor, which may result in a decrease in the gloss, moisture, antistatic properties, water repellency, and stain resistance of the coating film.

[0028] In the present invention, it is preferable to use an antistatic agent to enhance antistatic properties and improve gloss by imparting conductivity. There are no particular restrictions on the antistatic agent, and all known ones can be used, but nonionic surfactants are more preferable in terms of performance durability and safety. The amount of the antistatic agent in the coating composition is preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 7% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.7 to 3% by weight. If the amount of antistatic agent is less than 0.2% by weight, the antistatic properties and gloss will be inferior, and the desired effects of the present invention will not be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of antistatic agent is more than 10% by weight, not only will the cost increase, but the coatability will be poor and workability will decrease, and the balance with other formulations will be poor, which may result in a decrease in the gloss, antistatic properties, water repellency, and stain resistance of the coating film.

[0029] The coating composition of the present invention is effective in improving antistatic properties and gloss by incorporating the carbon nanotubes or the antistatic agent, but the effect of improving antistatic properties and gloss is significantly enhanced by incorporating the carbon nanotubes and the antistatic agent simultaneously.

[0030] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the ionic liquid to the nanotransition metal in the coating composition of the present invention is 20 / 1 to 2000 / 1. If the amount of nanotransition metal used is less than the weight ratio of ionic liquid to nanotransition metal of 20 / 1, the antistatic function is reduced, which is undesirable. If the amount of nanotransition metal used is more than the weight ratio of ionic liquid to nanotransition metal of 20 / 1, there is the disadvantage of increased cost.

[0031] A coating layer is formed by applying or spraying the coating composition of the present invention onto the surface of automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and then drying it. As for applying or spraying the coating composition of the present invention onto the surface of a moving object such as an automobile, conventional methods used for water-based paints may be used, and examples of such methods include applying it using a sponge, a microfiber cloth, or the like. The drying after application may be carried out at room temperature, but it is preferable to allow a curing time of about one hour to allow the coating composition of the present invention to penetrate and fix to the coating film on the surface of a moving object such as an automobile. Of course, heating may be used to shorten the drying time.

[0032] Applying or spraying the coating composition of the present invention onto the surface of a moving object such as an automobile exhibits effects such as antistatic properties, gloss, and durability, regardless of the solid content concentration of the coating composition. However, these effects are enhanced by layering coatings of the coating composition with different solid content concentrations. For example, by applying or spraying the coating composition of the present invention with a solid content concentration of 15 parts by weight or more onto the surface of a moving object such as an automobile, and allowing the water to evaporate to form a cured coating film, and then applying or spraying the coating composition with a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight onto the surface of the cured coating film and allowing the water to evaporate to form a cured coating film, the properties of the film formed in the lower layer, such as antistatic properties, gloss, moisture, water repellency, stain resistance, and film thickness, can be maintained for a long period of time.

[0033] The coating composition, having a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight, is applied to the surface of a coating film. However, because the resulting film thickness after drying is thin, the effect does not last long, and reapplication is required every few months to half a year. Nevertheless, it can maintain the antistatic properties, gloss, and moisture of the film formed in the underlying layer for a long period of time.

[0034] Furthermore, after pre-treating the surfaces of automobiles, tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, the coating film obtained from the coating composition of the present invention applied to automobiles, etc., forms a two-layer structure after drying. Specifically, some of the fine components of the coating composition, such as specific nanotransition metals and carbon nanotubes, that constitute the applied coating composition penetrate into the interior of the paint on the automobile, etc., and are subsequently fixed in place. The upper layer of the coating layer is then made up of the coating composition.

[0035] Next, the characteristics of the coating composition of the present invention, which is formulated with a relatively small amount of ionic liquid and nanotransition metal in a water-soluble binder, will be described. Conventional curing resin paints using siloxanes and the like improve the durability of the coating film by solidifying the liquid, making recovery difficult several years after the coating film has formed. In contrast, the coating composition of the present invention does not solidify as a liquid; instead, some of the fine components of the coating composition, such as specific nano-transition metals and carbon nanotubes, penetrate and fix into the paint of the vehicle body, etc. Therefore, it does not affect the original hardness of the coating film and recovery is easy.

[0036] Conventional curing resin coatings using siloxanes, etc., form a coating film by solidifying a liquid, which may reduce the functionality of "self-healing scratch-resistant coatings." "Self-healing scratch-resistant coatings" have the function of repairing scratches that have entered the coating film by softening the coating film under certain conditions. Surprisingly, although the reason is unclear, the coating composition of the present invention can be applied to "self-healing scratch-resistant coatings" used in automobiles.

[0037] Conventional curing resin paints form a hard film as the liquid paint hardens, preventing dirt from sticking to car wash sponges and other materials during car washing, thus preventing scratches. The coating composition of the present invention has a high antistatic function, so it discharges static electricity accumulated during driving into the air, thereby reducing the adhesion of dirt. Reducing dirt adhesion means that dirt will stick to car wash sponges and other materials during car washing, preventing scratches. In other words, the coating composition of the present invention utilizes its high antistatic function to reduce dirt adhesion, and as a result, it has the effect of preventing dirt from sticking to car wash sponges and other materials during car washing, thus preventing scratches.

[0038] Vehicles that travel outdoors are constantly exposed to dirt from rain, wind, yellow dust, pollen, and de-icing agents, which can reduce the antistatic function of the vehicle's surface. Furthermore, conventional coatings containing large amounts of wax or silicone result in thick coatings, raising concerns that repeated application of these coatings could trap dirt within the coating. The coating composition of the present invention, with a solid content of less than 15 parts by weight, reduces the amount of thick-coating materials such as wax and silicone, and achieves a thin coating by combining them with antistatic materials such as ionic liquids and specific nano-transition metals. This restores the antistatic function of the vehicle's surface, preventing dirt from being trapped within the coating.

[0039] The coating composition of the present invention, having a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight, has the following effects in automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, but the following description will focus on automobiles. (1) The coating composition has a high antistatic function and has the effect of releasing static electricity accumulated during driving into the air. This effect allows wind (air) to flow smoothly over the vehicle body, reducing the burden on the vehicle body while driving and improving fuel efficiency. (2) While hardening coatings (curing resin paints) have the effect of reducing car wash scratches and the like with a hard coating, the coating composition improves the antistatic function, thereby reducing the deterioration of the coating surface film due to external factors such as rain, iron powder, de-icing agents, and salt damage that are unavoidable when driving outdoors, and at the same time has the effect of making the car less prone to getting dirty and reducing car wash scratches and the like. (3) For vehicles that travel outdoors, external factors such as rain, dust, pollen, yellow sand, and salt damage have made it difficult to maintain the gloss and moisture of the vehicle body surface even after coating has been applied. The coating composition can stably maintain the gloss, water-repellent, and antistatic functions of the vehicle body surface. By applying it to the car body during regular car washes, it can restore "water repellency," "static electricity removal," "stain resistance," "gloss maintenance," "moisture maintenance," and "driving stability," keeping the surface in the best possible condition at all times. (4) Conventional maintenance agents applied during regular car washes have been criticized for creating a "mille-feuille" effect, trapping dirt by being applied on top of existing dirt during regular car washes. The aforementioned coating composition minimizes the use of silicones and waxes to prevent the film from becoming unnecessarily thick, and mainly consists of ionic liquids, specific nano-transition metals, and antistatic agents, thereby improving this problem by protecting the aesthetic appearance of the paintwork without the need for surface preparation. (5) One of the effects of coating agents applied to automobiles, etc., is their water-repellent function, but a problem has been that water droplets from tap water or rain dry and become water spots or other stains. The above coating composition mainly consists of an ionic liquid, a specific nanotransition metal, and an antistatic agent, and has been improved to mitigate this problem. (6) While conventional coating agents mainly use silicones or waxes to provide gloss, the above-mentioned coating composition can provide gloss using ionic liquids and specific nanotransition metals. [Examples]

[0040] The following are examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0041] Example 1 Two parts by weight of MC-FMA05 (manufactured by Gokoh Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used as the ionic liquid, two parts by weight of nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2% by weight) as the nano-transition metal, 71 parts by weight of P2003 (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., concentration 30% by weight) as the binder, 10 parts by weight of a solution of Lamfil WPB-030 (manufactured by Kusumoto Kasei Co., Ltd., concentration 0.4% by weight) diluted 200 times as the carbon nanotube, and 15 parts by weight of Virinone W (manufactured by Avanti Co., Ltd., concentration 10% by weight) as the antistatic agent were weighed out and mixed in a plastic cup. The solid content concentration of the mixed coating composition was 24.8% by weight, and the weight ratio of ionic liquid to nano-transition metal was 500 / 1.

[0042] [Surface resistivity] The prepared coating composition was applied to a transparent 3mm thick acrylic plate (100mm x 100mm) using a microfiber cloth. After wiping with a new microfiber cloth, the plate was dried indoors for 48 hours to obtain test specimens for evaluation.

[0043] The obtained test specimens were left standing in a room at 23°C and 50% RH for 5 days, and then the surface resistivity was measured in accordance with JIS 6911. Specifically, in a room at 23°C and 50% RH, the test specimens were mounted in an ADVANTEST RESISTIVITY CHAMBER R12702A, and the surface resistivity was measured using an ADVANTTEST R8340A ULTRA HIGH RESISTANCE METER by contacting a metal double ring to the coated surface of the test specimen using the double-ring method. The result was a measured value of 1.543 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The surface resistivity calculated according to the calculation formula of the aforementioned device (measured value × 18.84) is 3 × 10 9 It had a coefficient of (Ω / □) and excellent antistatic properties.

[0044] [Gloss, moisture, stain resistance, film thickness] The coating composition prepared as described above was applied to the exterior of a car body using a microfiber cloth and allowed to dry for one hour. After that, it was washed with water and wiped dry with a new microfiber cloth. Subsequently, the car was stored in an open-air parking area, driven on ordinary roads and highways, and the condition of the coating film after one year was visually evaluated for gloss, stain resistance, and film thickness. As a result, the gloss was excellent, maintaining its luster. The stain resistance was excellent, with no noticeable stains. The color of the coated area had a sense of depth, and the film thickness was excellent. Evaluation criteria: ◎ = Excellent, ○ = Fairly good, △ = Good, × = Dirty / Inferior, ×× = Very dirty / Very inferior

[0045] [Water repellency] Using the exact same method as described above, the coating composition of the present invention was applied to the exterior body of an automobile. After one year of parking and driving the automobile, the water repellency was evaluated by the state of water droplets adhering to the coated hood immediately after a water shower. As a result, the adhering water droplets were nearly spherical, indicating excellent water repellency. Evaluation criteria: ◎ = Excellent, ○ = Fairly good, △ = Good, × = Poor, ×× = Very poor

[0046] [Persistence] Using the exact same method as described above, the coating composition of the present invention was applied to the exterior body of an automobile, and an uncoated portion was also evaluated. After three years of parking and driving, the gloss, stain resistance, film thickness, and water repellency of the coated and uncoated portions were compared. As a result, the coated automobile body exterior was significantly superior to the uncoated portion in all aspects: gloss, moisture, stain resistance, film thickness, water repellency, and driving stability. Evaluation criteria: ◎ = Excellent coating performance, ○ = Fairly good coating performance, △ = Good coating performance, × = Poor coating performance, ×× = Very poor coating performance

[0047] [Cost-effectiveness] The cost-effectiveness of the coating composition of the present invention was estimated based on the cost and effect of commercially available general-purpose automotive coating liquids. As a result, the antistatic properties, gloss, moisture, stain resistance, film thickness, water repellency, and durability were all excellent, resulting in high effectiveness and excellent cost-effectiveness. Evaluation criteria: ◎ = Excellent, ○ = Fairly good, △ = Good, × = Poor, ×× = Very poor

[0048] Comparative Example 1 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nano-gold dispersion used in Example 1 was omitted and 2 parts by weight of water was added instead. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited at all. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was inferior, and water repellency and durability were slightly superior. Furthermore, although the cost was lower because the nano-gold dispersion was not included, the effect was small and the cost-effectiveness was poor.

[0049] Examples 2, 3, 5-10, 12-15 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the weights used were changed to those shown in Table 1, using the ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05), nano-gold dispersion (Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), binder (Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., P2003), carbon nanotubes (Kusumoto Chemicals Co., Ltd., Lamfil WPB-030), and antistatic agent (Avanti Co., Ltd., Virinon W) used in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0050] Example 4 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of binder (P2003, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd.) was changed, and the carbon nanotubes (Lamfil WPB-030, manufactured by Kusumoto Kasei Co., Ltd.) and antistatic agent (Virinon W, manufactured by Avanti Co., Ltd.) used in Example 1 were not used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. As a result of not using carbon nanotubes and antistatic agent, gloss, moisture, stain resistance, and durability were excellent.

[0051] Example 11 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amounts of the ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05), nano-gold dispersion (Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), and binder (Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., P2003) used in Example 1 were changed as shown in Table 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. Perhaps because the amounts of ionic liquid and nano-silver used were small, the performance was inferior to that of Example 1, but the antistatic properties were excellent, and the gloss, moisture, stain resistance, film thickness, water repellency, durability, and cost-effectiveness were excellent.

[0052] Examples 16 and 17 In Example 1, instead of the ionic liquid (MC-FMA05, manufactured by Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.7 parts by weight (4 parts by weight in Example 17) of the special amidine compound SunElec CP-150 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., concentration 35% by weight) was used, and the other ingredients were the same as in Example 1, as shown in Table 3. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0053] Examples 18 and 19 In Example 1, 0.7 parts by weight (4 parts by weight in Example 19) of the ammonium salt GSanti-staticIL AH-31FES (manufactured by GS Alliance Co., Ltd.) was used instead of the ionic liquid (MC-FMA05, manufactured by Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd.) used in Example 1. The other ingredients were the same as those used in Example 1, and the amounts shown in Table 3 were used. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0054] Examples 20 and 21 In Example 1, instead of the nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used, 1 part by weight (4 parts by weight in Example 21) of the nano-niobium dispersion, Viral Nb-G6000 (niobium oxide sol) (manufactured by Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 6 wt%) was used. The other components were the same as those used in Examples 1 and 2, and the amounts shown in Table 4 were used. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0055] Examples 22 and 23 In Example 20, the nanoniobium dispersion, Viral Nb-G6000 (niobium oxide sol) (manufactured by Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 6 wt%), was replaced with 0.01 parts by weight (1 part by weight in Example 23) of the nanozirconium sol, Viral Zr-C20 (zirconium oxide sol) (manufactured by Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 20 wt%). 1 part by weight (5 parts by weight in Example 23) of the ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05) was also used. The other components were those used in Examples 20 and 21, and the amounts shown in Table 4 were used. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0056] Example 24 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 11, except that 0.3 parts by weight of nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2% by weight) used in Example 11 were mixed with 0.3 parts by weight of nano-silver dispersion, NanoPure PR-WB14R (manufactured by Nippon Ion Co., Ltd., concentration 1% by weight), and the amount of ionic liquid (manufactured by Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05) was changed to 0.6 parts by weight. The results were superior to those of Example 11 in all evaluation items.

[0057] Example 25 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 13, except that 1.1 parts by weight of nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2% by weight) used in Example 13 were mixed with 1.1 parts by weight of nano-silver dispersion, NanoPure PR-WB14R (manufactured by Nippon Ion Co., Ltd., concentration 1% by weight), and the amount of ionic liquid (manufactured by Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05) was changed to 2.2 parts by weight. The results were superior to those of Example 13 in all evaluation items.

[0058] Comparative Example 2 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ionic liquid MC-FMA05 used in Example 1 was omitted and replaced with 2 parts by weight of water. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was very poor, water repellency was slightly good, and durability was poor. Although the cost was lower due to the absence of MC-FMA05, the effect was small, resulting in poor cost-effectiveness.

[0059] Comparative Example 3 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) and ionic liquid MC-FMA05 used in Example 1 were not included, and instead 4 parts by weight of water was added. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited at all. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was very poor, water repellency was slightly good, and durability was very poor. Furthermore, although the cost was lower because the nano-gold dispersion and MC-FMA05 were not included, the effect was extremely small, resulting in a very poor cost-effectiveness.

[0060] Comparative Example 4 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the binder P2003 used in Example 1 was omitted and 71 parts by weight of water was added instead. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited at all. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was very poor, and water repellency and durability were very poor. Furthermore, the effect was extremely small, and the cost-effectiveness was very poor.

[0061] Comparative Example 5 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), ionic liquid MC-FMA05, and binder P2003 used in Example 1 were omitted, and instead 75 parts by weight of water was added. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited at all. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was very poor, and water repellency and durability were very poor. Furthermore, the effect was extremely small, and the cost-effectiveness was very poor.

[0062] Comparative Examples 6-9 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 2, except that the ionic liquid MC-FMA05, nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), and binder P2003 used in Example 2 were changed to the amounts shown in Table 3. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.

[0063] Comparative Example 10 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 2, except that the nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used in Example 2 was replaced with a solution of chlorauro(III) acid (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 99.9 wt%), which is an aqueous solution of gold ions, adjusted to a concentration of 0.2 wt%. Surface resistivity was immeasurable, and no antistatic performance was exhibited at all. Gloss, moisture, and stain resistance were very poor, the film thickness was very poor, and water repellency and durability were very poor. Furthermore, the effect was extremely small, and the cost-effectiveness was very poor.

[0064] Comparative Example 11 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 2, except that the nano-gold dispersion used in Example 1 (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2% by weight) was replaced with a solution of chlorauro(III) acid (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 99.9% by weight), which is an aqueous solution of gold ions, adjusted to a concentration of 0.2% by weight. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0065] Comparative Examples 12-14 The coating compositions were prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amounts of ionic liquid MC-FMA05 and nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used in Example 1 were changed to those shown in Table 8. The results are shown in Table 8, but when the amounts of ionic liquid MC-FMA05 and nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used fell outside the range suitable for the present invention, the performance was very poor or the manufacturing cost was too high, making them impractical.

[0066] Comparative Example 15 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 23, except that the amount of the nanozirconium sol, Bailal Zr-C20 (zirconium oxide sol) (manufactured by Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 20% by weight), used was changed to 0.4 parts by weight. The evaluation results are shown in Table 8. The resulting coating film was completely dry.

[0067] Comparative Examples 16-18 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 2, except that the amounts of the ionic liquid MC-FMA05 and nano-gold dispersion (manufactured by Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used in Example 2 were changed to those shown in Table 8. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0068] Example 26 After applying the coating composition prepared in Example 2 to the material to be evaluated, drying, wiping, or washing with water and drying in sequence, the coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05), nano-gold dispersion (Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), binder (Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., P2003), carbon nanotubes (Kusumoto Chemicals Co., Ltd., Lamfil WPB-030), and antistatic agent (Avanti Co., Ltd., Virinon W) used in Example 1 was changed to

[0069] Examples 27-30 The coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 26, except that the amounts of the ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05), nano-gold dispersion (Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%), binder (Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., P2003), carbon nanotube (Kusumoto Chemicals Co., Ltd., Lamfil WPB-030), and antistatic agent (Avanti Co., Ltd., Virinon W) used in Example 26 were changed as shown in Table 5. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0070] Comparative Example 19 The coating composition prepared in Example 2 was applied to the material to be evaluated, dried, wiped, or washed with water and dried sequentially. Then, the coating composition was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 26, except that the ionic liquid used in Example 23 (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05) was not added, and instead 1 part by weight of water was added. The evaluation results are shown in Table 9.

[0071] Comparative Examples 20-25 A coating composition was prepared and evaluated in exactly the same manner as in Example 26, except that the amounts of the ionic liquid (Gokoh Chemical Industries, Ltd., MC-FMA05), nano-gold dispersion (Renaissance Energy Research Co., Ltd., concentration 0.2 wt%) used in Example 26 were changed to those shown in Table 9 (Comparative Example 23 used a nano-zirconium sol, Viral Zr-C20 (zirconium oxide sol) (Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration 20 wt%)), binder (Asahi Kasei Wacker Silicone Co., Ltd., P2003), carbon nanotubes (Kusumoto Chemicals Co., Ltd., Lamfil WPB-030), water, and antistatic agent (Avanti Co., Ltd., Virinon W) were changed to those shown in Table 9. The results are shown in Table 9.

[0072] [Table 1]

[0073] [Table 2]

[0074] [Table 3]

[0075] [Table 4]

[0076] [Table 5]

[0077] [Table 6]

[0078] [Table 7]

[0079] [Table 8]

[0080] [Table 9] [Industrial applicability]

[0081] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a coating layer suitable for application to moving objects such as automobiles, as well as tires, wheels, and window glass, which offers excellent antistatic properties, gloss, moisture, stain resistance, water repellency, durability, driving stability, and cost-effectiveness.

Claims

1. A coating composition used by applying or spraying it onto automobiles and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, A coating composition comprising a binder, a nanotransition metal, an ionic liquid, and water, wherein the nanotransition metal is present in an amount of 0.0005 to 0.25% by weight and the ionic liquid in an amount of 0.05 to 15% by weight, and the nanotransition metal is nanogold, nanoniobium, or nanozirconium.

2. The coating composition according to claim 1, comprising carbon nanotubes or an antistatic agent.

3. The coating composition according to claim 1, comprising carbon nanotubes and an antistatic agent.

4. The coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight ratio of the ionic liquid to the nanotransition metal is 20 / 1 to 2000 / 1.

5. A method for forming a coating layer, comprising applying or spraying the coating composition described in any one of claims 1 to 3 onto the surface of an automobile, tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and forming a cured coating film by evaporating the moisture.

6. A coating layer formed by the coating composition according to any one of Claims 1 to 3.

7. A method for forming a coating layer, comprising: applying or spraying a coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having a solid content concentration of 15 parts by weight or more, onto the surface of an automobile and tires, wheels, windows, motorcycles, railway vehicles, heavy machinery, ships, aircraft, agricultural machinery, and construction machinery, and forming a cured coating film by volatilizing the water; and applying or spraying a coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, having a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight, onto the surface of the cured coating film, and forming a cured coating film by volatilizing the water.

8. A coating layer having a hardened coating film formed by the coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 having a solid content concentration of less than 15 parts by weight, on the surface of a hardened coating film formed by the coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 having a solid content concentration of 15 parts by weight or more.

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