Power modules and electrical devices

Abstract

The present application provides a power supply module and an electrical device. The power supply module includes a battery cell and a circuit board electrically connected to the battery cell. The number of battery cells is only one, and the battery cell is used to supply a first voltage to the circuit board. The battery cell includes a housing and an electrode assembly provided in the housing. The circuit board includes a step-up / step-down circuit and at least two output terminals. The step-up / step-down circuit receives the first voltage and is used to step up or step down the first voltage and output at least two different second voltages to at least two output terminals. The output terminals supply the second voltage to a drive circuit of a load electrically connected to the output terminals. Thereby, the above power supply module can output different second voltages through a single battery cell, saving the manufacturing cost of the power supply module and improving the energy density of the power supply module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Cross - reference to related applications) This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on June 27, 2022, with the application number 202210734401.4 and the invention title "Power Supply Module and Electrical Appliance", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, particularly to a kind of power supply module and an electrical appliance.

Background Art

[0003] Battery cells are widely used in electronic products such as mobile electronic devices, and people's requirements for each performance of battery cells are also increasing. A battery pack composed of multiple battery cells connected in series and parallel can provide a larger supply voltage, but it has a complex structure, high manufacturing cost, and the energy density of the battery pack is not high.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is necessary to propose a power supply module.

[0005] Also, it is necessary to provide an electrical appliance equipped with this power supply module.

[0006] In a first embodiment, the present application provides a power supply module. The power supply module comprises a battery cell and a circuit board electrically connected to the battery cell, wherein there is only one battery cell in the power supply module. The battery cell is used to supply a first voltage to the circuit board. The battery cell comprises a housing and an electrode assembly provided within the housing. The circuit board includes a boost / buck circuit and at least two output terminals. The boost / buck circuit is used to receive the first voltage and boost or buck the first voltage to output at least two different second voltages to at least two output terminals. The output terminals are used to supply the second voltages to a drive circuit in a load electrically connected to the output terminals. By providing a boost / buck circuit, the supply voltage range of a single battery cell can be expanded by boosting or bucking the first voltage provided by a single battery cell, and power can be supplied to different drive circuits in a load powered by the power supply module. Compared to battery packs configured with multiple battery cells in series or parallel, the power module provided by this application reduces the sealing space of the battery cells, eliminates the need to perform parameter matching on multiple battery cells according to parameters such as capacity, voltage, and internal resistance, reduces the risk of the voltage difference between multiple battery cells affecting the quality of the battery cells, and improves the production yield, quality, and service life of the battery cells.

[0007] In several possible implementations, a circuit board is used to receive at least one feedback signal output by a drive circuit in the load. The feedback signal is used to indicate the rated voltage of the drive circuit. The boost / buck circuit adjusts a corresponding second voltage to the rated voltage in response to the feedback signal and outputs it to the drive circuit through the corresponding output terminal. By receiving the feedback signal, the circuit board can determine the rated voltage of the drive circuit, thereby controlling the voltage value of the second voltage it outputs and forming a feedback mechanism so that the boost / buck circuit can meet the power supply needs of different drive circuits.

[0008] In several possible implementations, the feedback signal is a pulse signal, and the drive circuit may feed back different rated voltages to the circuit board by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse signal. By outputting a pulse signal with a specific duty cycle, the drive circuit indicates its rated voltage, and by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse signal to output a feedback signal indicating a different rated voltage, the drive circuit can be adapted to multiple electronic components with different rated voltage values, thereby expanding the application range of the drive circuit.

[0009] In several possible implementations, the boost / buck circuit includes a switching element. The switching element includes a control terminal and a first connection terminal. The control terminal is used to receive a feedback signal. The first connection terminal receives a first voltage. The switching element adjusts the voltage value of the second voltage by switching between an on state and an off state according to the duty cycle of the feedback signal. By switching between the on and off states, the duty cycle of the second voltage is adjusted, the voltage value of the second voltage is adjusted, and the duty cycle of the second voltage is made to match the rated voltage of the drive circuit so that the duty cycle of the second voltage corresponds to the duty cycle of the feedback signal.

[0010] In several possible realizations, the boost / buck circuit further includes an inductor. The switching element further includes a second connection terminal. The second connection terminal is electrically connected to the inductor. The inductor is electrically connected to the drive circuit. The voltage value of the second voltage is adjusted by adjusting the inductance value of the inductor. By providing an inductor and charging / discharging the inductor based on the switching element, the inductor supplies energy to the drive circuit and thus supplies power to the drive circuit. By adjusting the inductance value of the inductor, the voltage drop across the inductor can be adjusted, thereby affecting the charging and discharging process of the inductor and consequently adjusting the voltage value of the second voltage.

[0011] In several possible implementations, power supplyThe capacity of a single battery cell in the module is 5 to 100 A / h, the first voltage is 3.0 V to 5.0 V, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is 0.2 to 3 to meet the battery capacity requirements of different electrical devices. Since this application employs combining a single battery cell with a boost / buck circuit to meet the power requirements of a load (external electrical device), the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is preferably 1.5 to 2.5, so that when used in electrical devices that require a significantly higher operating voltage than the output voltage of a normal single battery cell, such as tablets, laptops, robotic vacuums, and power tools, the boost / buck circuit can increase the voltage of the single battery cell to meet the operating needs.

[0012] In several possible implementations, the power module further includes a housing, the housing containing battery cells and Circuit board The circuit board houses the battery. To This allows the housing to enclose the battery cells and circuit board together, better adapting to the power demands of different loads, simplifying the installation of the power module and load, and eliminating the need to consider the installation and placement issues of the boost / buck circuit board during load design.

[0013] In some implementation configurations, the housing includes a first sealing film and a second sealing film provided opposite each other. The first sealing film includes a first metal layer. The second sealing film includes a second metal layer. The thickness of at least one of the first and second metal layers is greater than 40 μm. By providing the first and second sealing films and sealing them as a housing to protect the battery cells, the weight of a single battery cell is greater than that of small battery cells connected in series or parallel, so a first or second metal layer with a thickness greater than 40 μm can reduce the safety risks that may arise when the battery cells are subjected to mechanical stress.

[0014] In several possible realizations, the electrode assembly has a laminated structure or a wound structure.

[0015] In several possible implementations, the electrode assembly has a multi-electrode structure to improve charge and discharge capabilities and reduce heat generation and impact on safety performance caused by rapid changes in the current inside a single battery cell due to voltage boosting and bucking.

[0016] The electrode assembly described in this application can have a variety of structures and has a relatively wide range of applications.

[0017] In some implementations, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer. A safety undercoat layer is further provided between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer. By providing a safety undercoat layer between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode current collector is protected, the risk of short-circuiting the electrode assembly is reduced, and thereby the safety performance of the battery cell can be improved. Preferably, the safety undercoat layer is a lithium iron phosphate coating layer.

[0018] In several possible embodiments, the housing includes a first end wall and a second end wall provided opposite each other. The battery cell has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive and negative electrodes are drawn out from the first end wall and electrically connected to a circuit board. A first insulating material is provided between the circuit board and the first end wall. By providing the first insulating material between the circuit board and the first end wall, mechanical collisions and friction between the circuit board and the battery cell can be reduced, and the risk of poor contact between the circuit board and the battery cell can be reduced.

[0019] In several possible implementations, the power module further includes a second insulating material, which is connected to the surface of the housing and surrounds the first end wall to form a housing space. The circuit board and the first insulating material are provided within the housing space. By providing the second insulating material and housing the circuit board and the first insulating material within the housing space, the mechanical shocks that the power module receives when subjected to mechanical stress can be reduced, thereby improving the operational stability of the power module.

[0020] In some possible embodiments, a third insulating material is provided on the second end wall. By providing the third insulating material, the power module can reduce mechanical collisions when being mechanically overused, and improve the working stability of the power module.

[0021] In some possible embodiments, the first insulator is a silica gel pad, which can provide good seismic resistance performance for the circuit board and the battery cell, and at the same time does not affect the electrical connection between the battery cell and the circuit board.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electrical usage device. The electrical usage device includes a load and the power module electrically connected to the load, and the load includes at least two drive circuits.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] [Figure 1] It is a block diagram of the power module according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] It is a circuit diagram of the boost - buck circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 3] It is a structural diagram of the power module according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] It is a schematic structural diagram of the first sealing film of the housing of the battery cell shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] It is a schematic structural diagram of the second sealing film of the housing of the battery cell shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 6] It is a cross - sectional view of the electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the electrical usage device provided by the present application.

Embodiments for Carrying out the Invention

[0024] The following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application clearly and in detail. Clearly, the embodiments described are only some, and not all, embodiments of this application. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. The terms used in the specification of this application are used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0025] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. However, this application may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. These exemplary embodiments are provided to communicate this application thoroughly and in detail to those skilled in the art. In the embodiments of this application, terms such as “first,” “second,” etc., are used solely to distinguish different subjects and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or order. For example, “first application,” “second application,” etc., are used to distinguish different applications and are not used to describe a particular order of applications, and features limited to “first,” “second,” etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features.

[0026] Referring to Figure 1, this application provides a power module 100 which is electrically connected to a load 200 and supplies power to the load 200. The load 200 comprises at least two drive circuits 201 and electronic elements (not shown) electrically connected to the drive circuits 201.

[0027] The power module 100 comprises a battery cell 10 and a circuit board 20, with only one battery cell 10. The circuit board 20 includes a boost / buck circuit 21 and at least two output terminals 22. The boost / buck circuit 21 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10. The at least two output terminals 22 are electrically connected to at least two drive circuits 201 of a load 200. In one embodiment, the load 200 is an application terminal, such as an electrical device like a smartphone or a laptop computer.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, the battery cell 10 can include all types of primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, or solar cells. Optionally, the battery cell 10 may be a lithium secondary battery, which includes lithium metal secondary batteries, lithium-ion secondary batteries, sodium-ion secondary batteries, and the like.

[0029] The battery cell 10 supplies a first voltage to the circuit board 20, thereby supplying power to the circuit board 20. Specifically, the battery cell 10 outputs the first voltage to the boost / buck circuit 21, which boosts or bucks the first voltage to output at least two different second voltages to at least two of the output terminals 22, and further outputs different second voltages to different drive circuits 201 through the output terminals 22.

[0030] The drive circuit 201 is used to drive and operate electronic components in the load 200 based on a second voltage. As can be understood, the load 200 is equipped with several different electronic components, each of which has a different operating voltage. Therefore, different drive circuits 201 can drive the corresponding electronic components based on different second voltages and operate them normally under their operating voltages.

[0031] To make it easier to understand, as shown in Figure 1, the drive circuit 201 is also electrically connected to the boost / buck circuit 21. In this way, the drive circuit 201 can also feed back the rated operating voltage of the electronic component to the circuit board 20. Specifically, the electronic component can provide its rated operating voltage to the drive circuit 201, and the drive circuit 201 can output a feedback signal to the boost / buck circuit 21 based on the rated operating voltage of the electronic component. To make it easier to understand, the boost / buck circuit 21 can determine the rated operating voltage of the electronic component from the feedback signal and thereby adjust the voltage value of the second voltage it outputs.

[0032] Referring to Figure 2, the boost / buck circuit 21 according to this application includes a switching element 211 and an inductor 212. In some embodiments, the switching element 211 may be an electronic component such as a diode, transistor, field-effect transistor, or switching transistor, and the inductor 212 may be a coil, chip inductor, plug inductor, or the like.

[0033] In the embodiments of this application, the switching element 211 includes a control terminal 2111, a first connection terminal 2112, and a second connection terminal 2113. The control terminal 2111 of the switching element 211 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 201, the first connection terminal 2112 of the switching element 211 is electrically connected to the battery cell 10, and the second connection terminal 2113 of the switching element 211 is electrically connected to the inductor 212. The inductor 212 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 201 at the load 200. The drive circuit 201 is electrically connected to the first connection terminal 2112 of the switching element 211.

[0034] In embodiments of this application, the switching element 211 receives a first voltage provided by the battery cell 10 and a feedback signal output from the drive circuit 201, and is used to switch between an on state and an off state in response to the feedback signal. Specifically, in some embodiments, the feedback signal may be a pulse signal. To make it clear, the duty cycle of the feedback signal indicates the rated voltage of the drive circuit 201 and the electronic components. The drive circuit 201 can feed back different rated voltages to the switching element 211 by adjusting the duty cycle of the feedback signal. For example, a feedback signal with a duty cycle of 100% indicates that the rated voltage of the drive circuit 201 is 12V, and a feedback signal with a duty cycle of 50% indicates that the rated voltage of the drive circuit 201 is 6V. Thus, by detecting the duty cycle of the feedback signal, the switching element 211 can determine the rated voltage of the drive circuit 201 and the electronic components, and thereby switch between an on state and an off state to output a drive signal with a different voltage value.

[0035] For example, if the switching element 211 is an N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) tube, the gate of the switching element 211 is the control terminal 2111. When the feedback signal is low level, the switching element 211 is in the off state. When the feedback signal is high level, the switching element 211 is in the on state, thereby enabling the switching element 211 to switch between the on and off states based on the duty cycle of the feedback signal.

[0036] To ensure clarity, in this embodiment, the inductance values ​​of the inductors 212 connected to different drive circuits 201 may be the same or different, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0037] To understand this, the switching element 211 switching between the on and off states actually adjusts the voltage value of the drive signal by adjusting the duty cycle of the drive signal, that is, by boosting or bucking the first voltage to obtain the drive signal. In some embodiments, the duty cycles of the feedback signal and the drive signal may be the same. For example, if the duty cycle of the feedback signal is 20%, the switching element 211 can be controlled so that the duty cycle of the output drive signal is 20%. Of course, in other embodiments, the duty cycles of the feedback signal and the drive signal may be complementary to each other. Here, the duty cycles of the feedback signal and the drive signal are complementary to each other, meaning that the sum of the duty cycles of the feedback signal and the drive signal is 100%. For example, if the duty cycle of the feedback signal is 20%, the switching element 211 can be controlled so that the duty cycle of the output drive signal is 80%. In some other embodiments, the voltage value of the drive signal can also be adjusted by adjusting the inductance value of the inductor 212. For example, if the inductor 212 is an adjustable inductor, adjusting the inductance value of the inductor 212 in real time changes the voltage drop across the inductor 212, thereby influencing the charging and discharging process of the inductor 212, and consequently changing the energy that the inductor 212 provides to the drive circuit 201, thereby achieving adjustment of the second voltage. For example, the inductance values ​​of the inductors 212 themselves may differ when connected to different drive circuits 201, and therefore, by providing inductors 212 with different inductance values, adjustment of the second voltage can be achieved.

[0038] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the battery cell 10 according to this application is a single high-capacity battery cell, and optionally, the capacity of the battery cell 10 is 5 to 100 A / h. Compared to a battery pack in which multiple batteries are configured in series or parallel, the capacity of the battery cell 10 according to this application is larger and can provide a wider range of power supply voltages.

[0039] To make it easier to understand, the battery cell 10 is configured as a single high-capacity battery cell, and the first voltage provided by the battery cell 10 is boosted or stepped down by the boost / step-down circuit 21, thereby expanding the supply voltage range of the battery cell 10 and allowing it to power different drive circuits 201. Compared to a battery pack in which multiple battery cells are configured in series or parallel, the battery cell 10 according to this application can make full use of the internal space of the power module 100. For example, it is possible to omit the circuit board for connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel, and the space for welding multiple battery cells to the circuit board. In the case of a soft pack battery, it is also possible to omit the space occupied by the sealing edges of multiple battery cells, the gaps at the connection points of multiple battery cells, the extra space for adhesive to bond multiple battery cells, the space at the corners of the electrode assemblies of multiple battery cells, and the space for the sealing film to seal each battery cell. As a result, the battery cell 10 according to this application can improve energy density. At the same time, this application is also advantageous in reducing the number of battery cells 10 required, simplifying the overall configuration of the power module 100, and lowering manufacturing and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the battery cell 10 according to this application does not require matching parameters such as capacity, voltage, and internal resistance of multiple battery cells, and it can reduce the procedure of charging by creating a voltage difference between multiple battery cells. In addition, the amount of heat generated by a single battery cell 10 is less than the amount of heat generated by a battery pack consisting of multiple battery cells, so this application can simplify the manufacturing process of battery cells and improve the service life and reliability of battery cells.

[0040] Specifically, the battery cell 10 comprises a housing 101, an electrode assembly 102, an electrolyte (not shown), a first electrode 103, and a second electrode 104. The electrode assembly 102 is located inside the housing 101. The housing 101 includes a first end wall 1011 and a second end wall 1012 arranged relative to each other in a first direction D1, and both the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 102 and extend from the first end wall 1011 to the outside of the housing 101. The first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 can be connected to an external component, such as a circuit board 20 according to this application.

[0041] In some embodiments, a first insulating material 23 is provided between the circuit board 20 and the first end wall 101. The first insulating material 23 provides a buffering effect when the power module 100 is subjected to mechanical stress, reducing mechanical collisions between the circuit board 20 and the battery cell 10, and reducing the risk of damage to the housing 101 or leakage. The first insulating material 23 can also insulate the tip of the battery cell 10 (i.e., the portion of the battery cell 10 closest to the first end wall 1011) from the circuit board 20 and other components such as the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104. Specifically, the first insulating material 23 can be provided in the space formed by the sealing portion 11a and the first end wall 1011. The first insulating material 23 may be an insulating resin such as silicone rubber or epoxy resin. In some embodiments, the first insulating material 23 may be a silica gel pad.

[0042] Furthermore, the power module 100 is provided with a second insulating material 24, and the second insulating material 24 and the first end wall 1011 surround and form a housing space, in which the first insulating material 23, the first electrode 103, the second electrode 104, and the circuit board 20 are all located within this housing space. The second insulating material 24 is for fixing the circuit board 20 to the first end wall 1011 of the battery cell 10, and reduces the impact that the circuit board 20 and the tip of the battery cell 10 receive when the power module 100 is subjected to heavy mechanical stress, thereby reducing the risk of failure. It should be noted that the power module 100 needs to be electrically connected to the drive circuit of the load by a method commonly used in the art, which includes, but is not limited to, the output terminal of the circuit board being electrically connected to the drive circuit by passing through the second insulating material 24.

[0043] A third insulating material 25 may be further provided on the second end wall 1012. The third insulating material 25 can reduce the impact received by the rear end of the battery cell 10 (i.e., the portion of the battery cell 10 closest to the second end wall 1012) when the power module 100 is subjected to heavy mechanical stress, thereby reducing the risk of failure. In some embodiments, the second insulating material 24 and the third insulating material 25 can be insulating tapes.

[0044] As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, the battery cell 10 is not limited to a soft pack battery cell, but can be such. The housing 101 comprises a main body 11 and a sealing portion 11a. The first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 extend from the sealing portion 11a, and the electrode assembly 102 is provided inside the main body 11. The main body 11 includes the first end wall 1011 and the second end wall 1012, and the sealing portion 11a is connected to the first end wall 1011. The thickness direction of the electrode assembly 102 is defined as the second direction D2, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 is defined as the third direction D3.

[0045] The housing 101 can be formed by sealing the first sealing film 12 and the second sealing film 13, and then folding the sealing edges.

[0046] As shown in Figure 4, the first sealing film 12 may include a sequentially laminated first protective layer 125, a first metal layer 126, and a first polymer layer 127. The first polymer layer 127 is closer to the electrode assembly 102 than the first protective layer 125. The material of the first protective layer 125 may be a polymer resin, which protects the first metal layer 126, reduces the risk of damage to the first metal layer 126 due to external forces, and slows down air penetration from the external environment, thereby maintaining a normal operating environment inside the battery cell 10.

[0047] In some embodiments, the material of the first protective layer 125 may be at least one selected from ethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, and polyimide. The thickness range of the first protective layer 125 may be 15 μm to 35 μm.

[0048] The first metal layer 126 can be used to slow the penetration of moisture from the external environment and reduce damage to the electrode assembly 102 due to external forces. In some embodiments, the first metal layer 126 may be an aluminum foil layer or a steel foil layer. Because the capacity of the battery cell 10 is relatively large and therefore heavy, the thickness of the first metal layer 126 is greater than 40 μm to reduce the risk of malfunction and increase reliability when the power module 100 is subjected to mechanical stress (e.g., drops, collisions). The first polymer layer 127 has properties that allow it to melt when heated and can be used for sealing, reducing the risk of the multilayer sheet dissolving or swelling in the organic solvent in the electrolyte. The first polymer layer 127 is also used to reduce the risk of corrosion of the metal layer by the electrolyte in the electrolyte coming into contact with the first metal layer 126. In some embodiments, the first polymer layer 127 comprises a polymer material, which can be selected from at least one of the following polymer materials: polypropylene, propylene copolymer, polyethylene, and polymethyl methacrylate. The thickness range of the first polymer layer 127 can be 10 μm to 40 μm.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first sealing film 12 may include a first adhesive layer (not shown) and a second adhesive layer (not shown), the first adhesive layer being provided between the first protective layer 125 and the first metal layer 126 and used to bond the first protective layer 125 and the first metal layer 126. The second adhesive layer being provided between the first metal layer 126 and the first polymer layer 127 and used to bond the first metal layer 126 and the first polymer layer 127.

[0050] Referring to Figure 5, the second encapsulation film 13 may include a second protective layer 131, a second metal layer 132, and a second polymer layer 133, which are stacked in order. To further reduce the risk of malfunction when the power module 100 is subjected to mechanical stress, the thickness of the second metal layer 132 may be set to greater than 40 μm. For ease of understanding, if the first encapsulation film 12 and the second encapsulation film 13 are obtained by folding a single encapsulation film, the materials of the second protective layer 131, the second metal layer 132, and the second polymer layer 133 are the same as the materials of the first protective layer 125, the first metal layer 126, and the first polymer layer 127, respectively, and redundant descriptions are omitted here.

[0051] Referring to Figure 6, the electrode assembly 102 comprises a first electrode sheet 14, a second electrode sheet 15, and a separator 16, the separator 16 being positioned between the first electrode sheet 14 and the second electrode sheet 15. The first electrode sheet 14 includes a first current collector 141 and a first active material layer 142 provided on the first current collector 141. The second electrode sheet 15 includes a second current collector 151 and a second active material layer 152 provided on the second current collector 151. The first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 are electrically connected to the first current collector 141 and the second current collector 151, respectively, thereby enabling the extraction of polarity from the first electrode sheet 14 and the second electrode sheet 15. In some embodiments, the first electrode sheet 14 is a positive electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet 15 is a negative electrode sheet. The first electrode sheet 14 may be either a positive electrode sheet or a negative electrode sheet. In contrast, the first current collector 141 may be a positive electrode current collector or a negative electrode current collector, and the first active material layer 142 may be a positive electrode active material layer or a negative electrode active material layer. In some embodiments, the first electrode sheet 14 is a positive electrode sheet, and the second electrode sheet 15 is a negative electrode sheet.

[0052] As the positive electrode current collector, aluminum foil or nickel foil can be used, and as the negative electrode current collector, at least one of copper foil, nickel foil, or carbon-based current collectors can be used.

[0053] The positive electrode active material layer comprises a positive electrode active material, which comprises a compound (i.e., a lithiated intercalate compound) that reversibly inserts and removes metal ions (e.g., lithium ions, sodium ions, etc., hereafter lithium ions will be used as an example). In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material may also comprise a lithium transition metal composite oxide. The lithium transition metal composite oxide comprises lithium and at least one element selected from cobalt, manganese, and nickel. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material is at least one selected from lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), lithium nickel manganese cobalt ternary material (NCM), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum ternary material (NCA), lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4), lithium nickel manganese oxide (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4), or lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4).

[0054] The negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material that can reversibly desorb active ions known in the art, and this application does not impose any particular limitations. For example, it may include one or more combinations of graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, carbon fibers, mesocarbon spheres, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, or other metals that can form alloys with lithium. Here, graphite may be one or more combinations selected from artificial graphite, natural graphite, and modified graphite. Silicon-based materials may be one or more combinations selected from elemental silicon, silicon compounds, silicon-carbon composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be one or more combinations selected from monophosphate, tin-oxygen compounds, and tin alloys.

[0055] The separator 16 includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, or aramid. For example, polyethylene is selected from at least one of high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Among these, polyethylene and polypropylene have a good effect in reducing the risk of short circuits and can improve the stability of the battery cell 10 through their off-effect.

[0056] Referring to Figure 6, the electrode assembly 102 is a wound structure, that is, the electrode assembly 102 is formed by stacking and winding the first electrode sheet 14, the separator 16, and the second electrode sheet 15. In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 102 is a plurality of tab structure. The first electrode 103 includes a plurality of tabs 17 and one relay section 18. Each of the plurality of tabs 17 is connected to the first current collector 141. The relay section 18 is connected to the tabs 17 and extends outside the housing 101. The tabs 17 can be integrally molded with the first current collector 141 (i.e., the tabs 17 are formed by cutting the first current collector 141) or fixed by welding. The relay section 18 is fixed to the plurality of tabs 17 by welding. Similarly, the second electrode 104 may have a plurality of tabs (not shown) each connected to the second current collector 151, and a relay section (not shown) connected to the tabs and extending outside the housing 101. As can be seen, in some embodiments, because the capacity of the battery cell 10 is large, providing a plurality of tab structures allows the current to be more evenly distributed when the battery cell 10 is charged, reducing the heat generated at the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104, reducing the risk of localized overheating, and improving reliability and safety.

[0057] In other embodiments, the electrode assembly 102 can also be a laminated structure, that is, the electrode assembly 102 can be formed by sequentially stacking a first electrode sheet 14, a separator 16, and a second electrode sheet 15. In this laminated structure, one second electrode sheet 15 is provided between two adjacent first electrode sheets 14, and one first electrode sheet 14 is provided between two adjacent second electrode sheets 15. Since one tab is connected to each first electrode sheet 14 and each second electrode sheet 15, the heat generated in the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 can be reduced in these multiple tab structures as well, thereby reducing the risk of localized overheating and improving reliability and safety.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first electrode sheet 14 further includes a safety undercoat layer 143, which is provided between the first active material layer 142 and the surface of the first current collector 141. By providing the safety undercoat layer 143, the adhesion between the first current collector 141 and the first active material layer 142 is increased, the risk of active material detachment during the circulation process is reduced, and the safety performance of the battery cell 10 can be improved. In some embodiments, the safety undercoat layer 143 is a lithium iron phosphate coating layer, which can also reduce short-circuit current and heat generation when a short circuit occurs.

[0059] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer 19 can be provided between the inner surface of the housing 101 and the electrode assembly 102. For example, if the first sealing film 12 includes a first protective layer 125, a first metal layer 126, and a first polymer layer 127, which are laminated in order, the adhesive layer 19 can adhere to the first polymer layer 127 and also to the electrode assembly 102. This allows the adhesive layer 19 to suppress the movement of the electrode assembly 102 within the housing 101 when the power module 100 is subjected to heavy mechanical stress, thereby reducing the risk of leakage or fire due to short circuits caused by the housing 101 being pushed open. The adhesive layer 19 can also reduce the risk of the current collector being torn off if the outermost part of the electrode assembly 102 is a current collector. This adhesive layer 19 may be a hot melt adhesive or double-sided tape.

[0060] Referring to Figure 7, one embodiment of the present application provides a power device 1 comprising a power module 100 and an external load 200.

[0061] Furthermore, the power module 100 of this application is applicable to electrical devices 1 in various fields. In one embodiment, the electrical device 1 of this application is applicable not only to notebook computers, pen-input computers, mobile PCs, e-book players, mobile phones, portable facsimile machines, portable copiers, portable printers, head-mounted stereo headphones, video recorders, LCD televisions, handheld vacuum cleaners, portable CD players, MiniDiscs, transceivers, electronic organizers, calculators, memory cards, portable voice recorders, radios, backup power supplies, motors, lighting fixtures, toys, game consoles, clocks, power tools, cameras, large household storage batteries, and lithium-ion capacitors, but is not limited to these.

[0062] The embodiments described above are provided for illustrative purposes of this application and are not intended to limit it. Those skilled in the art should recognize that appropriate modifications and changes to the embodiments described above, within the substantial spirit of this application, are included within the scope of protection provided hereto. [Explanation of symbols]

[0063] 100 Power Modules 10 battery cells 101 cabinets 1011 First End Wall 1012 Second End Wall 102 Electrode assembly 103 1st electrode 104 2nd electrode 11 Main body 11a Sealing part D1 1st direction D2 2nd direction D3 Third direction 12. First sealing membrane 13. Second sealing membrane 125 1st protective layer 126 1st metal layer 127 First Polymer Layer 131 Second protective layer 132 2nd metal layer 133 Second Polymer Layer 14 First pole sheet 15 Second pole sheet 16 Separators 141 First current collector 142 First active material layer 143 Safety undercoat layer 151 Second current collector 152 Second active material layer 17 tabs 18 Relay section 20 Circuit boards 21. Boost / Break Circuits 211 Switching element 2111 Control terminal 2112 First connection end 2113 Second connection terminal 212 Inductors 22 output terminals 23. First insulating material 24. Second insulating material 25 Third insulating material 200 load 201 Drive Circuit 1. Electrical equipment

Claims

1. A power supply module comprising a battery cell and a circuit board electrically connected to the battery cell, The aforementioned battery cell is of only one number and is used to supply a first voltage to the circuit board, and includes a housing and an electrode assembly provided within the housing. The circuit board comprises a boost / buck circuit and at least two output terminals. The boost / buck circuit is used to receive the first voltage, boost or buck the first voltage, and output at least two different second voltages to the at least two output terminals. The output terminal supplies the second voltage to the drive circuit of the load electrically connected to the output terminal. The power supply module includes a housing, The battery cell and the circuit board are housed in the housing, and the circuit board is fixed to the battery cell. The housing includes a first end wall and a second end wall that are provided opposite to each other, The battery cell has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are drawn out from the first end wall and electrically connected to the circuit board, and a first insulating material is provided between the circuit board and the first end wall. A power supply module further comprising a second insulating material, wherein the second insulating material is connected to the housing, and the first end wall and the second insulating material surround each other to form a housing space, and the circuit board and the first insulating material are provided within the housing space.

2. The circuit board is used to further receive at least one feedback signal output by the drive circuit. The aforementioned feedback signal is used to indicate the rated voltage of the drive circuit. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that the boost / buck circuit adjusts the corresponding second voltage to the rated voltage in accordance with the feedback signal and outputs it to the drive circuit through the corresponding output terminal.

3. The aforementioned feedback signal is a pulse signal, The power supply module according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive circuit can feed back different rated voltages to the circuit board by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse signal.

4. The aforementioned boost / buck circuit includes a switching element, The switching element comprises a control terminal for receiving the feedback signal and a first connection terminal for receiving the first voltage. The power supply module according to claim 3, characterized in that the switching element switches between an on state and an off state according to the duty cycle of the feedback signal, thereby adjusting the voltage value of the second voltage.

5. The aforementioned boost / buck circuit further comprises an inductor, The switching element further comprises a second connection terminal, the second connection terminal being electrically connected to the inductor. The power supply module according to claim 4, characterized in that the inductor is electrically connected to the drive circuit and the voltage value of the second voltage is adjusted by adjusting the inductance value of the inductor.

6. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacity of the battery cell is 5 A / h to 100 A / h, the first voltage is 3.0 V to 5.0 V, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is 0.2 to 3.

7. The power supply module according to claim 6, characterized in that the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is 1.5 to 2.

5.

8. The housing includes a first sealing film and a second sealing film arranged opposite each other. The first sealing film includes a first metal layer, The second sealing film includes a second metal layer, The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of at least one of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is greater than 40 μm.

9. The power supply module according to claim 8, characterized in that the electrode assembly has a plurality of tab structures.

10. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet comprising a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety undercoat layer is provided between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material layer.

11. The power supply module according to claim 10, characterized in that the safety undercoat layer is a lithium iron phosphate coating layer.

12. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that a third insulating material is provided on the second end wall.

13. The power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that the first insulating material is a silica gel pad.

14. An electrical device comprising a load and a power supply module electrically connected to the load, wherein the load is an electrical device including at least two drive circuits, and the power supply module is the power supply module described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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